DIRECT and INDIRECT

SPEECHES
(DIRECT and INDIRECT NARRATION)
G9
 COMPETENCIES
Distinguish and explain the direct and indirect speeches.

Convert direct speech to indirect speech.

Construct grammatically correct sentences.

Observe correct spelling, capitalization, punctuation, and

grammar.

Observe the correct sounds of English.

Follow instructions.
Ways to tell someone else
what someone has said
 "#
PARTS
Reporting Verb (main verb)

Reported Speech

! He says, “I will come visit you next week.” Direct speech

Ve r b

! He says (that) he will come visit me next week. I n d i r e c t

oh

Speech
 DIRECT SPEECH

EXACT words of the speaker

Reported speech - enclosed in quotation

marks
DIRECT SPEECH EXAMPLES

She looks at the bag and says, “I will have that

no matter what.”

She told her parents, “I will kill myself if you

will not give me money.”

Her mother said, “Go ahead.”

 #$

INDIRECT SPEECH
“INEXACT” words of the speaker
chang i n :
es

Tense
:Pronoun
• Time Period B u t : The message)meaning of t h e
Reported speech i s still t H E .

Reported speech - not in quotation marks; may

or may not be introduced by “that”
 INDIRECT SPEECH EXAMPLES
These A R E t h e indirect speech Ve r s i o n s o f t h e d i re c t speech
examples. Notice t h e changes i n pronouns 9 Ve r b lenses.

She looks at the bag and says (that) she will

have it no matter what.

She told her parents (that) she would kill

•herself if←
they would not give her money.

Her mother said to go ahead.

9
CONVERSION RULES -
tenses
1. IF THE REPORTING VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE
PRESENT OR SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE,
THERE IS NO NEED TO CHANGE THE
TENSE OF THE REPORTED SPEECH VERB

She says, “I am fine.” She says she is fine.

She says, “I will be fine.” She says she will be fine.

She will say, “I am fine.” She will say she is fine.

2. IF THE REPORTING VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE
PAST TENSE, AND THE REPORTED SPEECH
VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE,
CHANGE THE TENSE OF THE REPORTED
SPEECH VERB TO THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE.

She said, “I am fine.”

She said (that) she was fine.

She said, “My sister She said her sister
wants to see you.” wanted to see me.

She told me, “I need She told me she

a break.” needed a break.

He said, “My friend He said his friend

thinks too highly of thought too highly
me.” of him.
Converting direct speech to indirect speech 9 i n d i r e c t speech t o
Rule 2 :
d i re c t speech following

1. He said, “The earth is the

center of the universe.”
He s a i d ( t h a t ) the e a r t h was the center o f t h e universe.

2. He told me he was the

most handsome man on
earth. He t o l d me. " I

earth?
am the most handsome
man on
3. IF THE REPORTING VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE
PAST TENSE, AND THE REPORTED SPEECH
VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
USING “WILL”, CHANGE “WILL” TO “WOULD”.

She said, “I will be fine.”

She said (that) she would be fine.

She said, “My sister She said her sister
will come to see you.” would come to see me.

She told me, “I will She told me she would

need a monthly need a monthly salary.
salary.”
He said his mother
He said, “My mother would know he was
-

will know I am lying.”

-
lying.
Converting direct speech t o indirect speech a n d indirect speech t o

d u c t speech following Rule 3 :

1. She whispered to me,

“You will pay for lying to
would pay f o r
me.” S h e whispered t o me that I

having lied t o h e r.

2. She said I would regret

|

not publishing her story.

S h e s a i d . "You w i l l Regret n o t publishing my story."
4. IF THE REPORTING VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE
PAST TENSE, AND THE REPORTED SPEECH
VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
USING “AM/IS/ARE GOING TO”, CHANGE
“AM/IS/ARE” TO “WAS/WERE”.

She said, “I am going to be fine.”

She said (that) she was going to be fine.

She said, “My sister is
She said her sister was
going to come see
going to come see me.
you.”
She told me she was
She told me, “I am
going to need a
going to need a
monthly salary.
monthly salary.”
He said his mother was
He said, “My mother is
going to know he was
going to know I am
-

lying.
-

lying.”
Converting direct speech t o indirect speech 9 i n d i re c t speech t o
d i re c t speech following R u l e d :

1. He laughed and shouted,

“I am going to make all of
He laughed a n d shouted ( t h a t ) h e
you love me!” W a s going t o m a k e a l l o f u s l o v e him.

2. The boys said they were

going to write a magnificent
The boys s a i d . " W e
t o

story for us. going

a r e

write a
magnificent
story f o r you."
5. IF THE REPORTING VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE
PAST TENSE, AND THE REPORTED SPEECH
VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE, CHANGE
THE TENSE OF THE REPORTED SPEECH
VERB TO THE PAST PERFECT TENSE.

She said, “I was late for She said (that) she had
work.” been late for work.

She said, “I forgot.” She said (that) she had

forgotten.
She said, “I wanted to She said she had
win.” wanted to win.

Ann told her brother, Ann told her brother

“You had your chance he had had his chance
but you wasted it.”
-
but he had wasted it.
-

He admitted, “I was He admitted he had

wrong.” been wrong.
PRACTICE

1. He announced, “I felt so alone I

almost took my own life.”
2. His sister remarked, “You are
just a drama king who refused to
value our family’s support.”
3. I said to myself, “I wasted my
time watching that.”
PRACTICE

1. He said he had been sick.

2. Mom told me my brother
had gone to the museum.
3. My friend informed me
she had lost my pen.
SEATWORK

1. They told me, “We needed

someone who speaks our
language.”
2. I informed my friend that
our adviser had wanted to
speak with her.
6. IF THE REPORTING VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE
PAST TENSE, AND THE REPORTED SPEECH
VERB IS IN THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE,
CHANGE THE TENSE OF THE REPORTED
SPEECH VERB TO THE PAST PERFECT TENSE.

She said, “I have been She said (that) she had

late for work.” been late for work.

She said, “I have She said (that) she had

forgotten.” forgotten.
7. IF THE REPORTING VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE PAST
TENSE, AND THE REPORTED SPEECH VERB IS
IN THE PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE, CHANGE
THE TENSE OF THE REPORTED SPEECH VERB
TO THE PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE.

She said, “I was writing a She said (that) she had been
play.” writing a play.

She said, “My friends were She said (that) her friends
preparing for a party.” had been preparing for a
party.
8. IF THE REPORTING VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE
PAST TENSE, AND THE REPORTED
SPEECH IS A YES/NO QUESTION, USE “IF”
PLUS THE PREVIOUS RULES GIVEN.

She said, “Do you need She asked if I needed

help?” help.

She said, “Are you She asked whether I was

O
coming with us?” Ogoing with them .
9. IF THE REPORTING VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE
PAST TENSE, AND THE REPORTED SPEECH
IS A “WH- QUESTION”, USE THE “WH-” TO
INTRODUCE THE CLAUSE PLUS THE
PREVIOUS RULES GIVEN.

She said, “Where do you She asked me where I

0
study?” studied.
o

She said, “When do She asked me when

classes start?”
0 classes started.
o
10. IF THE REPORTING VERB IS IN THE
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE, THE TENSE
OF THE REPORTED SPEECH VERB
DOES NOT CHANGE.

She has said, “I am She has said (that) she

happy.” is happy.

She has said, “I am going She has said (that) she

to write a book.” is going to write a book.
11. IF THE REPORTING VERB IS IN THE PAST
PROGRESSIVE TENSE, AND THE REPORTED SPEECH
VERB IS IN THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE, EITHER CHANGE
THE TENSE OF THE REPORTED SPEECH VERB TO
THE PAST PERFECT TENSE OR LET IT STAY IN THE
SIMPLE PAST TENSE.

She was saying, “I wrote She was saying (that)

a play.” she wrote a play.

She was saying, “I wrote She was saying (that)

a play.” she had written a play.
 12. IF THE REPORTED
SPEECH IS A COMMAND,
WRITE “TO” AFTER THE
REPORTING VERB
FOLLOWED BY THE
COMMAND.
* See the third
d i re c t a n d indirect
speeches examples.
CONVERSION RULES -
time periods
1. “NOW” becomes “THEN”

She said, “I am writing a book now.”

She said she was writing a book then.

2. “TOMORROW” becomes “THE
NEXT DAY” or “THE DAY AFTER”

She said, “I will visit you tomorrow.”

She said she would visit me the next day.

3. “TODAY” becomes “THAT
DAY”

She said, “I am filming a movie today.”

She said she was filming a movie that day.

4. “YESTERDAY” becomes “THE PREVIOUS
DAY” or “THE DAY BEFORE”

She said, “I read your book yesterday.”

She said she had read my book the previous

day.

She said she had read my book the day before.

5. “LAST NIGHT” becomes “THE PREVIOUS
NIGHT” or “THE NIGHT BEFORE”

She said, “I read your book last night.”

She said she had read my book the previous

night.

She said she had read my book the night before.

6. “LAST WEEK” becomes “THE PREVIOUS
WEEK” or “THE WEEK BEFORE”

She said, “I read your book last week.”

She said she had read my book the previous

week.

She said she had read my book the week

before.
7. “NEXT WEEK” becomes “THE
WEEK AFTER”

She said, “I hope to see you next week.”

She said she hoped to see me the week after.

8. “THIS MORNING/WEEK/MONTH/YEAR”
becomes “THAT MORNING/WEEK/MONTH/
YEAR”

She said, “I lost my dog She said she had lost

this morning.” her dog that morning.

She said, “I will visit this She said she would visit
month.” that month.

She said, “I hope to see She said she hoped to

you this December.” see me that December.
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SUGGEST ch.

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