1.1.

4 Operating principle of hydraulic bottle jack

A Hydraulic Jack uses a fluid, which is incompressible, that is forced into a cylinder by a pump
plunger. Oil is used since it is self-lubricating and stable. When the plunger pulls back, it draws
oil out of the reservoir through a suction check valve into the cylinder. Thesuction valve ball is
within the chamber and opens with each draw of the plunger. Thedischarge valve ball is outside
the chamber and opens when the oil is pushed into thecylinder. At this point the suction ball
within the chamber is forced shut and oil pressure builds in the cylinder. When the handle is
moved upward, ball (1) is seated and fluid isdrawn from the reservoir through the screen into the
valve assembly. From there fluidenters the plunger cylinder[11].

Figure 2 Hydraulic principle

Other down ward stroke of the handle or pressure stroke, fluid pressure to the mastercylinder.
Continues operations of the pump will create sufficient pressure to raise the firststage ram. Until
it hits the stop of the second stage ram with the additional pressure. Thesecond stage ram will be
raised until it hits the stop of the third stage ram. If the pressureis still continued, the third stage
ram will be raised to the full height of lift until it hits thestop of the cylinder.At the end of the
travel of the rams or with an over load applied to the jack. Excessive pressure from the
continued pump unseats ball and flied is by passed to the reservoir (withthis occurs the handle
will suddenly drop or go soft during the pumping stoke). If thereleasing screw is opened pressure
is released through unseated ball and fluid to thereservoir[5]. The following figure shows how
hydraulic bottle jackworks.a)
 
 Represents base dimension b)

represents maximum height.c) Figure 3 shows principle of hydraulic bottle jack.