FIRST GRADING ARTS MAPEH 8

ARTS AND CRAFTS

Process of Making Paper
THAILAND 1. Bark is crushed and soaked in water until it dissolves onto a paste.
Flying lanterns 2. The liquid is then scooped out, poured through a bamboo sieve and finally
o Are made out of ice paper with bamboo frame. placed in a thin layer on a bamboo bed and dried in the sun.
o Contain a fuel cell or small candle.
o Used during the year of festivals *Sa paper handicraft revived in LUANG PRABANG, NOTHERN LAOS, used to create lampshades,
writing paper, greeting cards and bookmarks.
o Most popular being the Loy Krathong Festival
VIETNAM
Krathong Festival Silk Painting
o Held on the night of the 12th full moon, usually November, with Chang Mai o most popular forms of art
believed to have the brightest and most spectacular celebrations. o favored for the mystical atmosphere that can be achieved with the medium.
o All of Phuket’s major west coast beaches take part with mix of locals and
tourists. Typical Showcase of Silk Painting
 countryside
Patong beach and Nai Ham  landscapes
o Have the most activity with locals visiting beaches like Karon and Kata.  pagodas
 historical events
CAMBODIAN AND LAOS  scenes of daily life
Handicrafts
o Used to generate supplementary income in order to support their livelihood. 19th and 20th century
o Provides vital employment opportunities to most indigenous artisans and o French influence was absorbed into Vietnamese art and the liberal and modern
disadvantaged people, especially women who are struggling for survival. use of color especially began to differentiate.
Examples of handicrafts o Vietnamese silk paintings from their Chinese or Japanese counterparts.
o Textiles
o Baskets INDONESIA
o Jars Wayang Kulit
o Pottery
o Other tools for their daily life o “Wayang” in modern Indonesian language means “show” or ‘perform”
Sa Paper o “Kulit” means “skin”, a reference to the leather material that figures are
o Make paper by hand
carved out of.
o Made using bark of Sa or mulberry tree
o Other says that wayang is also attributed to the Indonesian word “baying”
o Used for calligraphy and making festival decorations (Umbrella, fans and
kites) which means “shadow”.
o used as filter in the manufacture of lacquer ware o Famous shadow puppetry
o Type of puppet shadow play performed around the Indo-Malayan archipelago,
tracing its origin to India.
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o Derived from Javanese Hindu-Buddhist tradition (hand-crafted leather
puppets depict epic stories of Gods in shadow play)
o Traditional gamelan orchestra would accompany the story telling.
o 25 cm to 75 cm
o Made of buffalo and goat hide and mounted on bamboo sticks.
o Represented by several versions in a set
o Best puppets are made from young female water buffalo parchment and the
curing can take up to ten years.
o Based on two epic stories from India (Mahabharata and the Ramayana)
o Balinese and Javanese have combined the Hindu stories with Buddhist and
Muslim ideas mixed with their own folklore.
The Performance of Wayang Kulit
o Puppets are moved behind a cotton or linen screen by a dalang, or a “puppet
master” in shadow puppet plays.
o Cap widely worn in Indonesia, Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, Southern
Philippines and Southern Thailand.
o Mostly among Muslim males in formal gatherings (wedding feasts, funerals or
festive occasions “Muslim Eidul-Fitr and Eid al-Adha”
o Came to be associated with Islam in Malaysia, while in Indonesia peci is also
associated with nationalist secular movement
o Comes in different colors
o Wearing taught to the young at home and at school
o ADULT may not wear it all the time but he will wear it on various important
occasions
Three Category of Men’s Headgears in Brunei Darussalam
1. Dastar- which is piece of cloth tied around the head.
2. Songkok or Kopiah- a type of cap made from velvet
3. Tangkolok or Serban- which resembles a turban and is a typical headdress
in the Middle East

Dalang
o Tells the story, interprets and voices each character, producing sound effects
with speech and movement and manipulates all the figures between the lamp
and the screen to the shadows to life.

MALAYSIA
Wau kite
o Malay is uniquely designed Malaysian kite.
o Wings are similar to an Arabic letter (pronounced “wow”)
o Kite-making tradition comes naturally in Malaysia, especially in the eastern
states of Malayan Peninsula
o Farmers used kites as scarecrows in the fields and as a means to lull their
children to sleep, so they could work with little interruption.
Pasir Gudang International Kite Festival
o Annual kite festival

BRUNEI
Songkok
o also called peci or kopiah
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Sculpture VIETMAN
CAMBODIA
o Stone carving Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism
o Both passion and a livelihood for many sculptors o Sculpture has been heavily influenced by traditional religions.
o Has a very long, fascinating history o Come from neighboring countries, China and India
Angkor Wat
o Breath taking statue *Famous sculptures in 10,000-year-old carvings which can be seen Dong Noi Cave
THAILAND
Wat Pho (Bangkok) Dong Son Culture
o World-famous for its sculpture that dates back 4, 000 years 1. Famous for kettledrums, small carvings and home utensils which have handles
o 46 meters long and 15 meters high sculpted in the shape of men, elephants, toads and tortoises.
o Made of plaster on a brick core and finished in gold leaf. Five Provinces
o Feet are inlaid with mother of pearl 1. Gia Lai
Are situated in the highlands of
2. Kon Tum
3. DakLak south-west Vietnam.
Used Material
4. DakNong
 Wood
5. Lam Dong
 Stone
 Ivory Mourning houses erected to honor the death of Gia Rai and Ba Na ethic groups are
 Clay symbolized by statues placed in front of the graves
 Metal Statues includes: couple embracing, pregnant women, people in mourning,
LAOS elephants and birds.
o Use a variety of media in their sculpture creations.
o Metals (bronze, silver and gold) INDONESIA
o Known for its stone, bronze and iron-age arts.
Phra Say (16th century) o Sculptures can be found in numerous archaeological sites in Sumatra, Java to
o Famous statue Sulawesi
o Which the Siamese carried home as loot in the late 18th century Native Indonesian Tribes
o Usually create sculptures that depict ancestors, deities and animals.
Phra Bang o Evident in the pre-Hindu-Buddhist and pre-Islamic sculptures from the tribes.
o also cast in gold Amazing Sculptures
o craftsmanship is said to be of Sinhalese origin, rather than Lao o Asmat wooden sculpture Papua
o traditionally believed that relics of the Buddha are contained in the image. o Dayak wooden mask and sculpture
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o Ancestral wooden statue of Toraja 3. Sunken relief sculpture
o Totem-like sculpture of Batak and Nias tribes  Image that is carved into the surface rather than out of it.
*Best Malay woodcarving is from Terengganu and Kelantan

Classical Hindu-Buddhist Era of Indonesia

o Hundreds of meters of relief and hundreds of stone Buddhas Woodcarving is divided into:
o Temple of Borobudur in Central Java
1. Ukiran halus- fine carving
Bali and Jepara, Central Java  Involves carving of relief patterns, hilts of keris (short Malay
o found the richest, most elaborate and vivid wooden sculpture and wood dagger), bed heads and cupboard tops.
carving traditions
o popular souvenir items are sculptures, masks and carving artworks 2. Ukiran kasar- rough carving
 Refers to carving on larger object (furniture, pillars, windows, room
Jepara Wood Carving portions and eaves of roofs.
o famous for their elaborately wooden furniture, folding screens and Cengal
pelaminangebyok (wedding throne with carved background)  Preferred wood for building houses and boats
 Expensive
MALAYSIA Balau or perah
o most sculptures are relief  Slightly softer
o partially curved into or out of another surface  Used for the rafters or floorboards of house or for the prow of a boat
o Sculptures rely on a base or plane to support them and are a combination of
both three-dimensional and two-dimensional art forms. SINGAPORE
o Very popular along the walls and stone columns of the ancient Greek and Sri Mariammam Hindu Temple
Roman buildings (Coliseum)  with sculptures of different images
Relief Sculptures can be done with:  constructed and dedicated to the goddess Mariammam
 Stone  most interesting feature is its impressive gopuram (tower) over the
 Marble main entrance (decorated with numerous Hindu deities.
 Bronze
Three Main Types of Relief Mariamman
1. Alto form  worshipped for her power to cure disease
 Almost completely carved from surface, highly shaped Sentosa Merlion
 Very little structure touching the base or plane  Biggest replica, standing at 377 meters and made from glass-reinforced
 Could possibly stand alone concrete.
2. Bas form BRUNEI
 Relief that is barely extends past the base  Craftsmen used bronze and silver (adornments and functional items ex: bowls
 Common as wall decorations on Greek or Roman buildings and tools)
 Mostly seen on the Coliseum Brunei Arts and Handicrafts Training Center
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 Established in 1975 to revive and promote the nation’s dying tradition of
crafts, including metal.
 Opening of this center is still considered a landmark in the history