Contrastive linguistics revision

1) Transcribe these words

2) Provide words as examples of the following vowels.
3) Discuss an example of these pronunciation features of English.
Aspiration: pen, ten, kin
Syllabic consonant: little ---> litl, sudden ---> sadn, bottom ---> botm
Flapping (t,d): letter ---> Ledder
Dark lap: fold, cold
4) List 4 Arabic consonants.
5) List the emphatic sounds.
6) Give an example of geminates.
\Kattaba\
7) Compare and contrast between Arabic and English vowels.
Arabic has just three short vowels ( a, u, i) and we use them as long
vowels also like ( a:, u:, i: ) while English has many short and long
vowels like (
 8) Compare and contrast between clustering in English and Arabic.
Compare and contrast between English and Arabic structure.
* This two Q. have the same answer.
In English we group too many consonants that up to 4 consonants as in
(tips, sinks, glimpsed) while Arabic up to 2 consonants as in (nahr,
mahd). English syllable structure may be expressed by this formula:
(ccc)v(cccc) while Arabic formula: cv(v)(c)(c). We have in English
maximally 3 possible consonants in the onset and 4 in the coda.
while Arabic has maximally 1 consonant in the onset and 2 in the coda
so English has simplified ex.---> dog, medium ex.---> stop, complicated
ex.---> scripts, syllable. While Arabic has simplified syllable ex.--->jaadd.

9) Compare and contrast between Arabic inflectional morphology

and English inflectional morphology.

-(s-es) 3  person singular present tense of the verb —> studies 

rd

-(ed) past tense of the verb —> played 

-(ed) past participle of the verb —> walked 
-(s-es) plural noun —> cats
-(er- est)comparative and superlative forms of the addictive —
>quicker- quickest.
-the other form of past participle: en (eaten) ablaut (sang, sung) ,
suppletion(went) and zero (put).
10) Compare and contrast between English derivational
morphology and Arabic derivational morphology.

11) Compare and contrast between gender, number and case.

12)