PARTICULAR SPECIFICATION

MECHANICAL WORKS

SECTION 12 - DUCTWORK, AIR DIFFUSER

1. General

1.1 This section covers the supply, delivery, installation, painting, testing and
commissioning, and twelve (15) months free maintenance and warranty of
all ductwork, diffusers, grilles, registers, insulation, controls and
balancing dampers, fire dampers and sheet metal work associated with the
air-conditioning and ventilating equipment.

1.2 Air quantity as shown in the drawings is only given as a guide. The Sub-
Contractor shall adjust it on site to suit the space, temperature and NC
level required.

1.3 The selection and location of the diffusers shall also achieve an Air
Diffusion Performance Index (ADPI) of not less than 80% according to
the definitions and parameters as found in the ASHRAE Fundamentals
Handbook 1993.

2. Ductwork

2.1 All ductwork and fittings shall be constructed strictly in accordance with
practical recommendation in the current editions of the Sheet Metal &
Air-conditioning Sub-Contractor National Association Incorporated
(SMACNA), in USA, unless otherwise specified in this Specification.

2.2 The ductwork dimensions shown are clear internal sizes. The degree of
zinc coating on sheet steel shall be in accordance with Clause D of B.S.
2989 - 1965.

2.3 The Sub-Contractor shall ensure that no other services are allowed to be
suspended from the ductwork, unless otherwise approved by the S.O..

2.4 Duct Construction

a) All ductwork shall be fabricated in the Sub-Contractor's own

workshop prior to delivering to site for assembly and installation.
All ductwork and its fittings and accessories shall be fabricated
and run in sizes shown and in positions as indicated on the
Drawings and shall be constructed of the following materials:

i. Galvanised sheet metal for all supply and return air ducts.
ii. Grade 316 stainless steel sheet metal for laboratory, fume
Cupboards, biological safety cabinets, radio isotope room
exhaust, 100% laboratory exhaust air ducts. The finish
shall be 2B mill finish. The thickness shall be in
accordance with Uniform Mechanical Code

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All ducts shall conform accurately to the dimensions indicated in

the Drawings and shall be straight and smooth on the inside with
all joints neatly finished. Duct sizes indicated on the Drawings are
clear internal dimensions.

b) All ducts shall be free of waves of buckles and shall be machine

bent. Ductwork in which the galvanising of the inside surface has
been damaged will not be accepted.

c) All ducts shall be installed and anchored accurately to the building

in an approved manner as to be completely free from vibration
under all conditions of operation.

d) The Sub-Contractor is to take all precautions to ensure that the air

distribution system is silent in operation and does not create
draught.

e) No free or cut edges of ductwork shall appear within ducts, and

where seams or joints protrude into duct air stream, they shall be
arranged in the direction of the air flow.

f) No ductwork joints, bends or other fittings will be permitted

within the thickness of the wall, floor or ceiling structures and
below structural beams.

g) Sheet metal ducts shall be properly braced and reinforced. The

internal ends of all slip joints shall be installed in the direction of
the flow. All ducts shall be constructed with the minimum
possible number of seams.

h) Curved elbows shall have a centre line radius equal to 1½ times

the radial width of the duct. Air turns shall be installed in abrupt
elbows. The air turns shall consist of curved metal blades or vanes
arranged so as to permit the air to make abrupt turns without
appreciable turbulence.

i) Double thickness aerofoil turning vanes shall be provided for all

right angle elbows extending over at least 50% of the whole
curvature of the elbow. The turning vanes shall have a flange
covering the whole base and shall be rivetted to the duct at not
more than 60 mm centres. The double thickness aerofoil vanes
shall be constructed of the same material of the duct enclosing
them and shall be of two gauges heavier than the duct material.

j) Ductwork longitudinal joints shall be of an approved air-tight self-

locking type.

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k) All ductwork cross joints shall be of an approved flanged joints.

Flanges shall be of rolled structural angles welded at the corner
and shall be rivetted to the duct. Spot welding is not acceptable.
The downstream end of the duct shall be bend round the face of
the flange. The upstream end of the duct shall be inserted 50 mm
into the down stream duct so that the overlap is in the direction of
the flow. Flanges shall be jig drilled or drilled to template to
minimum clearance over bolt diameter. A 5 mm rubber insertion
gasket shall be used.

l) Rivets shall be spaced at not more than 65 mm centres. All ducts

joints shall be airtight.

m) Sleeves

Where ducts pass through walls or partitions, suitable galvanised

sheet steel sleeves of a gauge not less than the duct concerned
shall be supplied and located into place and shall not protrude
more than 13 mm over the finished wall surface. In the case of
insulated ductwork the sleeves shall be over-sized to allow the
insulation and vapour seal to be continuous through them.

n) Fitting of Ductwork

The Sub-Contractor shall take note of the positioning of the

ductwork and associated fittings in areas where space is limited. If
necessary, additional costs should be included for prefabricating,
assembling, and insulating sections of the ductwork in lengths
suitable for installation as shown. No further allowances will be
made at any later date for negotiation of additional space than that
generally shown on the Drawings.

o) Longitudinal Seams

Where the perimeter of the duct does not exceed the width of the
sheet metal, ducts shall be constructed with one longitudinal seam
only. Flat double longitudinal seams shall be used in all ducts.

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2.5 Hangers and Supports

a) The Sub-Contractor shall furnish and install hangers, hanger

brackets and miscellaneous support as are required for the
installation of all ductwork, pipework, equipment, etc. Supports,
hangers, brackets, etc. shall be attached to concrete and masonry
walls, ceilings and floors in an approved substantial manner by
means of inserts of expansion shields of adequate size and number
to support the loads to be imposed thereon. All hangers, brackets
and miscellaneous support shall be hot dipped galvanised steel.

b) All rectangular ductwork shall be hung with rod hangers. Where

angle stiffeners have been provided on the underside of the duct,
the hanger rods may pass through the ends of those angled
stiffeners for supporting the duct. If these angle stiffeners are not
located properly for the hangers, angle across the underside of the
duct shall be furnished and installed for fastening to rods. The size
of angles shall be the same as the stiffening angles. Spacing shall
not exceed 3 metres. All hanger rods shall be supported from the
floor above. Hanger rods for horizontal duct shall be spaced as
follows:-

Cross-sectional Perimeter Maximum Spacing Between

of duct (m) hangers (m)

Less than 1.5 2.4

1.6 to 2.5 1.8

Exceeding 2.5 1.2

Vertical Ducts shall be rigidly supported at not exceeding 1.8 m

spacing.

c) Support Rod and Angle Size

The support rod sizes shall be as follows:

Duct Width (Longest Side)/Diameter Minimum Rod Size

Up to 300 mm 6 mm diameter

325 mm to 750 mm 6 mm diameter

775 mm to 1500 mm 10 mm diameter

1525 mm to 2100 mm 10 mm diameter

Above 2125 mm 12 mm diameter

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d) Support Angles

The support angles shall be as follows:

Duct Width (Longest Side)/Diameter Minimum Angle Size

Up to 300 mm 19 x 19 x 3 mm

325 mm - 750 mm 25 x 25 x 3 mm

775 - 1500 mm 38 x 38 x 5 mm

1525 - 2100 mm 51 x 51 x 6.5 mm

Above 2125 mm 51 x 51 x 6.5 mm

All angle supports shall be rolled steel sections.

e) Support for fire rated duct shall be protected by approved fire

rated material.

2.6 Duct Construction and Sheet Metal Gauges

a) Duct construction shall be in accordance with the

recommendations for duct construction as set forth in the Sheet
Metal and Air Conditioning Sub-Contractors' National
Association's (SMACNA) Guide.

b) The Drawings do not attempt to show all off-sets in the

ductworks. The Contractor shall make such off-sets as necessary
for the installation cost. Where off-sets are required, the angle of
the off-sets shall be as small as possible.

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c) Duct construction and sheet metal thickness shall be as shown in

the following table:

Maximum British Type of Transverse Type of Bracing

Size of SWG Sheet Joint Connection
Duct

Up to 300mm 24 (0.60mm) 25mm x 25mm x 3mm 25mm x 25mm x 3mm angle

angle iron joints 1.7m from joints

301mm to 460mm 24 (0.60mm) 25mm x 25mm x 3mm 25mm x 25mm x 3mm angle
angle iron joints 1.7m from joints

461mm to 760mm 22 (0.80mm) 25mm x 25mm x 4mm 25mm x 25mm x 4mm angle
angle iron joints 1.7m from joints

761mm to 1070mm 22 (0.80mm) 25mm x 25mm x 4mm 25mm x 25mm x 4mm angle
angle iron joints 1.7m from joints

1071mm to 1400mm 20 (1.0mm) 38mm x 38mm x 4mm 38mm x 38mm x 4mm angle
angle iron joints 1.7m from joints

1401mm to 2151mm 20 (1.0mm) 38mm x 38mm x 4mm 38mm x 38mm x 4mm angle
angle iron joints 0.7m from joints

Above 2151 mm 18 (1.20mm) 38mm x 38mm x 4mm 38mm x 38mm x 4mm angle
angle iron joints 0.7m from joints

For ductwork used for smoke control purposes, the thickness of the sheet
metal shall be minimum 1.2 mm (SWG 18).

2.7 Flexible Ducting

a) Flexible ducting shall be supplied and fitted where shown on the

Drawings.

b) Flexible ducting shall be of 50 mm thickness fibreglass of

density 32 kg/cu.m. A relatively smooth internal finish is
preferred.

c) For connection to the linear diffusers, the length of the flexible

ducting shall be long enough to connect to either side of the light
fittings, but not less than a minimum of 1.5 meters of its natural
length so as to allow for relocation of the diffusers at a later date.

d) Flexible ducting shall be continuous between connections and

shall be capable of bending, twisting, stretching under installation
conditions, without denting or cracking.

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e) Flexible ducting shall be constructed of a flame-retardant vinyl

coated, woven fibreglass fabric bonded to a vinyl coated spring
steel wire helix.

f) Flexible ducting shall comply with the requirements of all

statutory authorities approved by BCD and must be approved by
the S.O..

g) Flexible ducting shall be fixed to the sheet metal duct and

diffusers or linear diffusers by means of an approved self-locking
worm-drive stainless steel clips. Each point shall be taped with 50
mm self-adhesive, and fire resisting PVC tape to ensure complete
air-tight joint.

2.8 Rectangular High Velocity Duct

a) Rectangular high velocity ducts shall be constructed in accordance

with the SMACNA High Velocity Duct Construction Standards or
approved equivalent standards.

b) Longitudinal seams in ducts shall be Pittsburgh lock or approved

equivalent or grooved seams sealed with fire resisting sealant and
centre punched at no greater than 300 mm intervals.

c) Rectangular duct take-offs from rectangular ducts shall be

radiused branch fittings with a square back edge and front edge
with a radius of not less than the duct width. Approved gusseted
branch fittings may be used as an alternative to radiused branch
fittings. Take-offs from circular ducts shall be conned type with
an angle of 120 degrees.

d) Plenum to duct connections shall be fitted with a conned or

tapered section to reduce entry losses.

2.9 Duct Insulation

a) All insulation materials used shall satisfy SPRING/PSB flame

spread test or approved equivalent standards. Vapour barrier used
shall comply with the requirements of the Fire Safety and Shelter
Bureau.

b) All air conditioning ductwork shall be insulated with fibreglass or

mineral wool with field applied or factory applied vapour barrier.
The vapour barrier shall consist of double sided aluminium foil
with glass fibre reinforcements and kraft paper.

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c) All ductwork exposed to weather shall be insulated with 50 mm

thick cork insulation which shall be protected by hyrib plaster and
painted to approval.

d) The insulating material shall have a K factor of not more than

0.0332 W/ok at 24o mean temperature. The insulation thickness
shall be 50 mm for supply and 25 mm for return ducts and shall be
of 32 kg/m3 (2 lb/cu ft) nominal density. For return duct located
below the roof and pass through non-air conditioned areas, the
insulation thickness shall be 50 mm.

e) All duct surfaces shall be cleaned and given one coat of flinkote
before the application of the insulation material. A further layer of
flinkote shall be applied on the insulation before they are wrapped
with the vapour barrier which shall have a minimum of 75 mm
overlap at all joints and securely sealed with cover strips and
adhesive duct tape to form a perfect vapour barrier. Anti-corrosion
treated steel tape shall be strapped around the insulated ductwork
at 1 m centres to prevent the insulation from sagging.

f) Where indicated in the Tender Drawings, the materials used for

internal insulation shall be mineral wool of 50 mm thick and
112 kg/cu m (7 lb/cu ft) density. The material shall be protected
by a layer of fibrous cloth to prevent the shedding of the mineral
wool or fibre glass particles into the air stream and wrapped in
perforated aluminium sheet which shall be securely fastened to the
ductwork.

g) The internal insulation shall be supplied around the inside of the

duct such that the insulation in continuous. The insulation and the
duct corners shall be either butt joint or mitred and the aluminium
lamination shall overlap but not less than 10 mm and glued
securely by an approved adhesive. The studs shall be brazed to the
ducts at spacing specified hereinafter, and shall have a length of
not more than 1½ times the thickness of the internal insulation
which it holds.

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h) The clips shall be galvanised and of the self-locking type of not

more than 25 x 25 mm in size. The centre to centre spacing of
studs shall be as follows:

Duct Wall Centre Spacing (mm)

Top Side 150 mm

Vertical Side 200 mm

Bottom Side 300 mm

i) Internally line ducts shall be inspected before installation. Duct

walls shall not be punctured when securing the internal insulation.

j) Where the internal insulation terminates, the insulation shall be

tapered in ratio of 1 in 3. The aluminium lamination shall extend,
over by 100 mm and taped securely to the duct. An overlap of 300
mm (12") shall be provided where the insulation changes from
internal to external

k) The supply ducts leaving air handling units and return duct to the
AHU shall be lined internally for a minimum distance of 5 m.

2.10 Exhaust Systems Extracting Cold Air

a) Where the Tender Drawings indicate that an exhaust system is

extracting a portion or full amount of cold air (27oC and below)
from an air-conditioning space, that part of the exhaust system,
i.e. from the point(s) of extraction to the exit of the exhaust fan
shall be externally insulated with fibreglass or mineral wool.

b) The thickness of insulation shall be 25 mm thick and 32 kg/cu m

density. Insulation details shall be similar to air conditioning duct.

c) Where the Tender Drawings indicate a ceiling plenum return of

the cold air, the fresh air supply system shall be insulated from the
fan entry to the supply grille. The thickness of insulation and
details shall be as above.

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2.11 Cleaning of Ductwork

a) During installation, properly fitted sheet metal covers shall be

provided at all times to prevent ingress of rubbish. Rags,
newspaper and like materials will not be accepted as a suitable
covering.

b) Should existence of rubbish be found in air ducts, the ductwork

shall be dismantled as necessary to ensure complete removal of
rubbish.

c) All ducts shall be cleaned of dust before starting of fans.

2.12 Laboratory Exhaust Air Duct

a) Laboratory exhaust air duct shall be of Stainless Steel ducting

(SS316) and all relevant BS fire code. Material shall have
excellent resistance to acids, alkalines and solvents. Full technical
detail shall be submitted to S.O. approval before installation.

b) The exhaust hood indicated in Drawings shall be constructed from

stainless steel of minimum thickness 18 British SWG (1.22 mm)
and the joints shall be fully welded and air tight.

c) Ductworks shall be installed pitched towards drain points at a

gradient of 1 in 200. Hangers shall be fabricated of hot-dipped
galvanised steel. Bolts, hangers and nuts shall be of 304 stainless
steel. Duct support shall be an interval of approximately 3 m
apart.

2.13 Duct Test Openings

a) Openings shall be provided in ducts for testing purposes with a

velometer or Pitot Tube on the supply and discharge side of air
handling units major ducts and other necessary positions to be
indicated to the Sub-Contractor in accordance with B.S. 848.

b) The test openings are to be 150 mm centres across one side of the
duct. Each opening shall consist of a 25 mm trap screw brazed
into a 40 mm x 5 mm bar. The bar shall be rivetted to the duct
across its width and each trap screw is to be fitted with a plug.

c) Where test openings are fitted to internally insulated ducts, the

duct insulation is to be protected with perforated metal internally
for a distance of 600mm ahead of and 150mm past the test
opening position.

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2.14 Flexible Connections

a) Flexible connection shall be provided at all ductwork connections

to the suction and discharge openings of fans, FCUs, AHUs and
where shown on the Drawings. These shall be made of approved
flame retarded fabric or shall consist of Sleeve joints with packing
of non-combustible material of not less than 100 mm long.

b) Flame retardant fabric connections shall be made of fibre glass

cloth impregnated with a lead loaded vinyl. The surface density
shall not be less than 5 kg/m2. They shall be to the approval of the
BCD and the S.O..

c) Flexible connections shall be so constructed to ensure that there is

no air leakage. Connections shall have 50 mm to 100 mm length
free of stress so as to permit renewal of fabric without disturbing
ductwork or other part of equipment.

2.15 Access Doors

a) The Sub-Contractor shall provide access doors on all ductwork

connections, either upstream or downstream of coils, upstream of
fans, fire dampers, filters etc. for inspection, cleaning and
maintenance purposes in accordance with SMACNA
recommendations.

b) Access doors shall be of double skin construction with

insulation of the same general character as adjacent sections of
ductwork. The door panel shall be of not less than 1.0 mm sheet
metal and shall have not less than 12 mm wide neoprene rubber
gasket around their entire perimeter. It shall have the same fire
ratings as the adjacent construction.

c) Access doors shall be hung on heavy brass plated flat hinges and
shall be secured in the closed position by means of wedge type
catches. All hinges shall be so placed to enable the doors to
remain open without additional support. All doors will be hinged
with two hinges and two catches will be required on doors over 40
mm x 400 mm. Where it is impractical to use hinged doors, the
access doors may be fixed in position with wedge type catches on
two opposite sides, with a minimum of 4 catches per door.

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3. Air Diffusing Equipment

3.1 General

a) All grilles, diffusers, louvres and registers used for the purposes of
supply and return of conditioned and/or unconditioned air and
associated accessories (hereby defined as air diffusing equipment)
required for the complete air conditioning and mechanical
ventilation systems shall be provided under this Sub-Contract. All
diffusers, registers, grilles and louvres shall be of 16 gauge
extruded anodised aluminium.

b) All air diffusing equipment shall be selected for quiet operation

when handling the specified volume of air and shall be arranged
to provide uniform velocity across the face of the air diffusing
equipment. Supply air diffusing equipment shall be selected to
achieve the required air mixing but shall give air velocities of the
occupied level of not more than 0.25 metres per second. When the
finish of the air diffusing equipment is unspecified, the finish shall
be taken to be spray painted with quality enamel paint of colour
which shall be nominated by the Superintending Officer on site.
All internal surfaces of air diffusing equipment and any parts of
the ductwork thereof which is visible shall be painted matt black.

c) All diffusing equipment shall be subjected for approval and

samples shall be submitted for inspection.

d) Openings in ducts to receive air diffusing equipment shall be

reinforced around the perimeter. Reinforcement shall be in the
form of welded bar frames or double folded seams. Care shall be
taken and gaskets shall be used for all diffusers and grilles to
ensure that leaks do not occur at the necks or from around the air
diffusing equipment. Air diffusing equipment shall be fixed to the
ceiling, wall or any other building structure and no fixing screws
shall be visible.

e) Air quantity as shown in Drawings is only given as a guide, the

Sub-Contractor shall adjust it on site to suit the space temperature
and NC level requirement.

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3.2 Construction

a) For the side discharge register, the front set of blades shall be
vertical and rear set of blades shall be horizontal. Concealed sheet
metal screw fixing shall be used through the register collar into
the duct spigot. Screw-fixing through the register face flange shall
be rejected. Maximum neck velocities shall not exceed 2.5 m/s.

b) Louvres shall be of the recessed, flanged or removable frame type

with one set of fixed horizontal blades. The method of fixing shall
be as specified for side discharge registers.

c) Side extract air grilles shall be supplied and installed as specified

for louvres. Ceiling extract/return air grilles shall have 13mm x
13mm x 25mm aluminium grids (egg crate type) and shall be of
recessed, flanged or removable type.

d) Outdoor air louvre shall be weatherproof type, extruded

aluminium complete with gasket seal, bronze birdwide mesh
screen, opposed blade damper and removable air filter with frame.
Screening shall not be larger than 10mm mesh.

e) Correct performance of all air diffusing equipment shall be the

full responsibility of the air conditioning and mechanical
ventilation Sub-Contractor. All diffusers and grilles shall be of
reputable make and their performance shall be tested and certified.
Full performance data shall be supplied at the time of Tender.

All performance data submitted shall be tested in accordance to

the following standards:

(i) International Standard Organization code ISO 5219

Air distribution and air diffusion – laboratory
aerodynamic testing and rating of air terminal devices
(ii) International Standard Organization code ISO 5135
Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels of
noise from air terminal devices, high/low velocity,
pressure assemblies, dampers and valves by
measurement in a reverberation room.

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3.3 Linear Diffusers

a) Linear diffusers shall be provided at locations and of capacities as

shown on the Tender Drawings. All ducted return and supply air
linear diffusers shall be complete with an insulated air plenum
box for connection to flexible duct.

b) Plenum box for linear diffuser shall be constructed of galvanised

steel of minimum 22 gauge. Each plenum box shall have an inlet
collar for connection to flexible duct. The plenum shall be
purposely designed with equalizer to provide uniform distribution
of airflow and minimized regenerated noise. The internal surfaces
of the plenum box shall be acoustically and thermally insulated
with minimum 25 mm thick, 32 kg/m3 density fibreglass or
scrimed mineral wool. The fibreglass or scrimed mineral wool
shall also be covered with double sides aluminium foil. The
Internal surfaces shall be treated to prevent corrosion. The exterior
surfaces shall be suitably prime etched to prevent rusting. The
S.O. shall reserve the right to reject the diffusers where rust is
detected.

c) Volume control dampers shall be provided for all supply air linear
diffusers at the air inlet collar of the plenum box. In addition, the
supply air linear diffusers shall come with 2-way directional
louvres.

d) Suitable diffuser with correct number of slots shall be selected to

ensure that the NC level comply to the specified requirement.

e) Diffusers shall be of minimum 3 slots linear diffuser, high

induction ratio type and shall operate from design air flow of
100% to 10% without air dumping. Performance of diffuser shall
be based on actual factory tests and published catalogue data. The
Sub-Contractor shall ensure all diffusers operate at low noise level
at all conditions. Diffusers shall be selected to supply 120% of
design flow rate at low noise as well.

f) Diffuser shall be of anodised aluminium, not less than 1.5 mm

with finishing colour as specified. Approximate length of each
diffuser shall be shown on the Tender Drawings. However final
length of the linear diffuser shall be co-ordinated with the ceiling
system. For the purpose of Tender, the Tenderer shall assume that
the length may vary by ± 100 mm from that indicated and all
incidental cost for such adjustment to the diffuser length shall be
included in the Sub-Contract price.

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g) The Sub-Contractor shall obtain from the manufacturer a noise

level guarantee in writing before placing the order and submit it to
the S.O. for approval.

h) The Sub-Contractor shall submit air flow characteristic of the

diffusers showing clearly the diffusion air pattern for each type of
diffuser for 100%, 75%, 50% and 40% of the designed air
quantities.

i) The Sub-Contractor shall make available within four weeks from

the date of award of the Sub-Contract, the size, shape and
constructional details of the diffusers. All details shall be provided
to ensure an accurate co-ordination with the ceiling grid system.

j) Exposed surfaces of slot(s) shall be finished to a colour approved

by the S.O..

3.4 Ceiling Diffusers

a) Ceiling diffusers shall be of anodised aluminium construction and

of the louvre face type suitable for surface mounting. The
diffusers shall be rigidly constructed, and unless otherwise
specified shall have not less than four (4) louvre vanes per
150mm.

b) For top inlet ceiling diffusers,

(for office, library, and general area application)

i) Ceiling diffuser shall be extruded aluminum construction

and of the louver face type suitable for surface mounting.
The diffuser shall be rigidly constructed, and unless
otherwise specified shall have not less than four (4) louver
vanes per 150mm

ii) Oppose blade butterfly volume control dampers shall be

provided for all ceiling diffusers at the air inlet collar of
the engineered plenum box. Ceiling diffuser shall be
completed with thermal acoustic engineered plenum box.
The plenum box shall be design to provide uniform
distribution of airflow and minimized regenerated noise.
For better indoor air quality, the plenum box shall be
internally lined with 12.5mm thick flame-retardant foam
meeting Class Ó’ rating to British Standard BS 476 part 6
and 7.

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c) For side inlet ceiling diffuser;

(for laboratory area and other area as indicated in the drawing)

i) Aluminum construction with baked white enamel finish.

ii) Diffuser shall be 4-way blow Louvre face type of extruded

aluminum construction.

iii) Diffuser shall be complete with thermal acoustic

engineered plenum box.

iv) Thermal acoustic engineered plenum shall be provided to

each supply diffuser with inlet size for air velocity not
exceeding 4.0meter per second through the flexible duct.
The plenum shall be purposely design with internal
stabilizer to provide uniform distribution of airflow and
minimized regenerated noise. Tested performance data for
each diffuser terminal unit consisting of the diffuser and
the engineered plenum shall be submitted for approval.
Calculated data are not acceptable. Butterfly damper to
each terminal unit shall be provided upstream so the
damper generated noise may be subsequently attenuated.

v) For better indoor air quality, the plenum shall be lined

with 25mm thick flame-retardant foam meeting Class Ó’
rating to British Standard BS 476 Part 6 and 7. the
insulation shall be constructed of fine cellular structured
open-cell foam to achieve good noise absorption and low
thermal conductivity. Thermal conductivity shall not
exceed 0.035 W/mK.

vi) All performance data submitted shall be tested in

accordance to the following standards

 International Standard Organization code ISO

5219. Air distribution and air diffusion-laboratory
aerodynamic testing and rating of air terminal
devices.

 International Standard Organization code ISO

5135. Acoustic-Determination of sound power
levels of noise from air terminal devices, high and
low velocity, pressure, assemblies, dampers and
valves by measurement in a reverberation room.

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d) Unless otherwise stated, ceiling diffusers mounted directly on the

underside of the ductwork shall be provided with a multi-blade
stream splitter damper. The stream splitter damper shall be
constructed as specified in this section.

e) Air velocities at neck of ceiling diffusers shall not be less than

2.5m/s unless otherwise shown.

3.5 Laminar Flow Diffusers

The laminar flow diffuser shall be constructed of galvanized steel with internal
equalizers to ensure uniform air flow across the face of the diffuser. The plenum
shall be constructed of 1.0mm thick material and the faceplate of 0.7mm thick,
304 stainless steel perforated plate of minimum 50% open area. The perforated
face of the diffuser shall have 4.76mm holes spaced at 6.35mm centre in
triangular pattern. Face shall be easily removed for cleaning. It shall be
incorporated with straightener to remove air turbulence from the discharge air.

The diffuser shall be designed such that its frame is not visible after installation.
Gasket seal of 14 X 5 mm thick neoprene shall be provided around the frame to
prevent any air leakages to ceiling space.

For better indoor air quality, the plenum shall be lined with 25mm thick flame-
retardant foam meeting Class ‘O’ rating to British Standard BS 476 Part 6 and 7.
The insulation shall be constructed of fine cellular structured open-cell foam to
achieved good noise absorption and low thermal conductivity. Thermal
conductivity shall not exceed 0.035 W/mK.

The visible area of the diffuser after installation shall be powder coated finish. To
prevent damage or scratches to the diffuser, it shall be properly packed in carton
boxes before delivery.

Air velocity measured at 150 mm from the face of the diffuser shall not exceed
1.0 m/s. Pressure loss through the laminar flow diffuser shall not exceed 25
Pascal.

3.6 Damper and Splitters

a) All dampers shall be as specified below. All screw and adjustment

mechanism shall be of galvanised steel. All blades for dampers
shall be constructed at minimum gauge 18 extruded aluminium in
double streamlined sections.

b) The volume control dampers shall be of aluminium, opposed

blade type and consist of self-lubricating nylon bushings and
actuator parts assuring smooth operation of blades and capable of
being adjusted externally and fixed in position with screw.

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c) Splitters shall be used as shown on the Drawings or where

necessary for balancing of air distribution. Splitter damper shall
be fitted with a hand level and quadrant in accessible positions
capable of being locked in any position. The OPEN and SHUT
positions shall be stamped on the quadrant or marked on the duct
by means of engraved labels. When an adjustable quadrant is
fitted over the vapour seal, a 16 gauge galvanised steel plate of
sufficient size shall be provided to avoid breaking the vapour seal.

d) Except where it is specifically stated on the Drawings, all duct

branches take offs and supply air collars or take offs of more than
1.0 metre in length shall be fitted with a fixed blade air stream
splitter dampers. The Sub-Contractor shall take special care to
ensure that all dampers are free from vibration and rattles under
all operating conditions.

e) All opposed blade dampers shall be of proprietary make or of

approved local make. Dampers shall be of steel frame
construction and with extruded aluminium opposed operating
blades.

f) The damper unit shall be complete with soft rubber sponge

gaskets of not less than 6 mm thickness for connection to
ductwork and grilles.

g) Damper adjustment mechanism shall be of approved type and

shall be or rigid construction with no slack when opening or
closing of the damper. The adjustment mechanism shall be
concealed.

h) The multi-blades splitter damper shall be of steel frame

construction with extruded aluminium, right angle curved blades,
suitably spaced.

i) Dampers shall be adjusted by an adjustment mechanism

3.7 Low Leakage Volume Control Damper

a) All low leakage dampers shall be of the parallel blade louver type.
All parallel blade dampers shall be of high quality hot-dipped pre-
galvanised steel. They shall be suitable for a working differential
pressure of 1000 Pa across it without permanent distortion or
structural failure. Leakage through the damper should not exceed
0.10m3/s/m2 of net damper face area at rated velocity of 10.2 m/s
and the static pressure drop across the damper should not exceed
40 Pa. The maximum unsupported blade length shall be 900mm.

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b) The damper casing is constructed of high quality from 1.0 to 2.0
mm thick corrosion resistant galvanised steel. Frame is
constructed of cold-formed “C” channel 150 x 38 mm welded at
each corner.

c) Blades shall be constructed of 150mm width by 1.2mm thick,

rolled-formed, hot-dipped pre-galvanised steel with 3-grooves
profile.

d) Blades axles shall be constructed of 12.7 x 12.7 mm square shaft

externally mounted to linkage mechanism to prevent slipping.
Round axles are not acceptable. The blades axles shall pivot on
the two-part nylon bearings to prevent seizure over prolong period
of operation.

e) Blade linkage is externally mounted on the shaft, out of the air

stream.

f) Dampers must be completed with jamb seals and blade edge seals
to ensure leakage is meet.

g) Each damper shall be equipped with electric on/off actuator,

230Vac, single phase and 50Hz-power supply.

h) All performance data submitted shall be tested in accordance to

Air Movement and Control Association – AMCA 500.

3.8 Return, Supply and Exhaust Air Grilles

a) All return air grilles material and shape shall be the same as the
supply air diffuser.

b) Exhaust and supply grilles shall be of anodised aluminium

construction and of the fixed front blade type.

All supply, exhaust grilles and registers shall be of fitted with an opposed
blade volume control dampers of approved construction

3.9 Pressure Release Damper

a) Pressure release damper shall be installed in the pressurisation

staircase as shown in the Drawings. The damper shall be able to
be set at the required specified static pressure. It shall be normally
closed, however, if the static pressure of the pressurization
staircase exceed the specified value, the damper shall
automatically open to release the air and to maintain the specified
static pressure in the staircase at all times. The damper sample
shall be submitted to S.O. for approval before purchasing or
fabrication. The Sub-Contractor shall check the dimension of the
damper to ensure that the performance meets the specified
requirement.
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b) The frame shall be of galvanised steel and blades be of

aluminium.

3.10 Non-Return Dampers

All non-return dampers shall be of light gauge galvanised sheet steel and
of sturdy construction with spindles running freely in oil impregnated
bronze or other approved type of bearings. Damper blades shall be tipped
with 6.35mm felt to ensure silent operation.

3.11 Outside Air and Exhaust Air Louvres

a) Unless otherwise shown in the Drawings, all outside air and

exhaust air louvres for air intake and air exhaust shall be supplied
and fixed by the Sub-Contractor to the S.O.'s details.

b) Louvre blades shall be horizontal and constructed of or extruded

aluminium set in a rigid frame. Blades shall be set of
approximately 50 mm apart and of an angle of 30o to the
horizontal. The louvre shall be of weatherproof type.

c) All fresh and exhaust louvres and openings shall be fixed with 12
mm mesh matt black painted galvanised insect screen, on the
inside in such manner so as to facilitate easy removal for periodic
cleaning.

d) All outside air louvres shall have insect screens, air filters and
adjustable volume control dampers. All exhaust air louvres
shall have insect screens.

3.12 Fire Dampers

a) Fire dampers shall be installed as specified on the Drawings and

at locations required by the Fire Safety and Shelter Bureau. Fire
Dampers shall be approved by SPRING/PSB. The Sub-Contractor
shall be professionally responsible for any letter of undertaking as
required by FSSB/BCA that the fire dampers are installed
correctly and bear the SPRING/PSB's label.

b) In general, where air conditioning ducts pass through floors or fire

walls other than party walls, fire dampers with fusible links as
specified hereinafter shall be installed. Such fire dampers shall be
so arranged that the disruption of the duct will not cause failure to
protect the duct opening. Access panels shall be installed in such a
location so that inspection and resetting of the fire damper is
possible. All fire dampers shall be installed so as to meet the
requirements of the Fire Safety and Shelter Bureau.

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c) Fire dampers shall be constructed and tested in accordance with

SPRING/PSB and shall be suitable for a fire rating equipment to
the surrounding construction, but not less than two hours and shall
be installed in strict accordance with the manufacturer's
recommendation.

d) Fire dampers shall be of the multi-blade type except for ducts less
than 350 mm (height) where single-blade type may be used.

e) The blade(s) shall have self aligning sintered bronze bearings

actuating or pivoting on stainless steel stubs shafts. Any
interconnecting linkages required for louvre type dampers shall
have brass self aligning linkage brackets and dampers shall be
held open by one or more fusible links which shall fuse at 70oC.

f) Access doors shall be provided to each fire damper for

replacement of fusible links, resetting of dampers and for
periodical inspection.

g) Dampers shall be designed to eliminate any gap between the end

of each blade and its associated rebated frame in the closed
position.

4. Variable Air Volume Boxes

4.1 The Sub-Contractor shall supply and install single duct, variable air
volume (VAV) boxes of the sizes and capacities as shown in the
Drawings.

4.2 The VAV boxes shall be a proprietary line specialising in the field. Boxes
performance shall be rated in accordance with ASHRAE STD. 36B and
ARI STD. 880.83 and ISO 5220, IAO 5135 & ISO 3741. The minimum
static pressure required at the inlet shall not exceed 15 mm W.G. at wide
open position. The VAV boxes selected shall be able to cope with
additional of 30% of spare air flow capacity for future requirements.

4.3 Casing shall be constructed of double skin construction with 25mm thick
fibreglass insulation material in between and having U.L. approved
meeting NBFU 90A and NFPA. The casing material shall be minimum 22
gauge galvanised steel.

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4.4 Where indicated in the tender drawings, the VAV box shall be coupled
with an acoustic and internally insulated terminal box (multiple outlet
spigots). The terminal box shall be internally lined with 80 kg/cu.m
rockwool laminated with aluminium foil. The box shall have proper
opening, with collar to enable connection of flexible ducts. All single
outlet and multiple outlet shall be installed with VCDs (volume control
dampers) for air flow adjustment.

4.5 Damper blades shall have extruded rib which key into grooved shaft fix of
damper position and the damper blades shall be able to travel
continuously from range of 0 to 60 degree. Nylon bush shall be used for
all internal damper pivot points for quiet operation and no lubrication is
required. The blade shall be constructed of double skin galvanised steel
plates with felt all round. They shall be designed with pressure balancing
feature.

4.6 Only damper actuator shall be mounted externally on the VAV box for
ease of maintenance.

4.7 VAV equipment manufacturer shall submit a computerised programme

for the sizing of his equipment and the air distribution system. Terminal
units designated shall conform to CFM, static pressure and designated
noise criteria.

4.8 The noise level in the air conditioned areas shall not exceed that as
specified.

5. Airflow Sensors For VAV boxes

5.1 Airflow sensors if required shall be of the multiple-point, true averaging

type with signal amplification function for accurate flow measurement.

5.2 Accuracy of the flow measurement shall be better than 2.5 % at a velocity
of 2.0 m/s or higher, even with irregular duct approach.

5.3 Airflow sensors shall be constructed of special aluminum profile capable

of amplifying the velocity signal by at least 2.5 times to improve reading
accuracy at low air velocity.

5.4 The airflow sensors shall have a minimum of 24 test points and the
position of the test points shall be arranged to ensure a true average
measurement signal.

5.5 The airflow sensors shall have 100% repeatability on-site measurements.

PS/M/12/22A
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5.6 There shall be only one (1) calibration point required for the full range of
airflow measurement and the accuracy shall be maintained throughout the
full airflow range.

5.7 Test reports/certificates shall be submitted to verify the air flow sensor
accuracy.

5.8 Air flow sensor shall be constructed so that it can be easily removed for
servicing and maintenance.

6. Air Extractor

Air extractors are constructed of aluminium vanes assembled at 25mm centre to

provide smooth efficient turning of air flow from one duct to another; single and
multi-blade volume damper is not acceptable device for balancing. The extractor
vanes shall be gang-operated and synchronized to remain parallel with the airflow
irregardless of the extractor angle. The air extractor shall be furnished with
appropriate worm-gear operator for adjustment after installation. Installed at the
take-off on the downstream side, the air extractor extracts, equalizes and provides
volume control of air flow to the main branch duct &, reducing air turning
pressure loss and ensuring a quieter system operation

7. Air Tight Damper (For Laboratory) – Supply/Exhaust

Rectangular/ Square Type

7.1 All dampers shall be of the parallel blade louver type and constructed of
stainless steel type 316L or unless otherwise specified. The dampers shall
be suitable for a differential pressure of 2000 Pa across it without
permanent distortion or structural failure.

7.2 The damper frame shall be constructed of 2mm thick cold-formed “C”
channel of 200 mm depth with 38 mm flange all round. To prevent
external leakages, axle seal shall be provided at the damper frame which
shall be full welded at each corner.

7.3 Blades shall be constructed of airfoil shape double-skinned of 1.2 mm

thick stainless steel with blade edge seal to prevent air leakage across the
damper when the blades are closed.

7.4 Blades axles shall be constructed of minimum 15 mm diameter shaft

externally mounted to linkage mechanism to prevent slipping. The blades
axles shall pivot on external bronze bearing.

7.5 Blade linkage is externally mounted on the shaft, out of the air stream.

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7.6 Dampers must be completed with jamb seals and blade-edge seals to
ensure leakage is met

7.7 Internal leakage across the damper, when closed, shall not exceed
0.05 m3/s per square meter of damper face area at approach velocity
of 10 m/s and pressure differential of 1000 Pa. There shall be no
external leakage through the damper frame and bearing under all
conditions. The static pressure drop across the damper should not exceed
40 Pa. The maximum unsupported blade length shall be 1500mm.

7.8 Each damper shall be equipped with electric on/off actuator with spring
return, auxiliary switch, 230Vac, single phase and 50Hz-power supply.

7.9 Actuators shall be sufficient capacity to operate the damper under all
conditions, and to guarantee tight closure against system pressure
encountered and blade seals. Actuators shall provide at least minimum
torque of 15Nm per m2 damper area.

7.10 Damper actuators shall be designed for repeated actuation without

overheating or damage, with no minimum period between actuation and
to have an external manual gear release to allow manual positioning of the
damper when the actuator is not powered.

7.11 Damper actuators shall be mounted outside of the duct where appropriate
with support plates that are completely outside of the insulation or
covering.

7.12 All performance data submitted shall be tested in accordance to Air

Movement and Control Association – AMCA 500.

Circular Type

The circular damper shall be of heavy-duty construction to [3, 4.5 6 or 7.5] kpa design
pressure. Unless otherwise specified, damper parts shall be constructed of type [304 or
316] stainless steel material.

7.13 Frame is constructed of heavy gage stainless steel with flanges fully
welded to both ends with minimum flange distance of 200mm. Holes are
pre-cut on the flanges with maximum distance of 100mm.

7.14 Blade is constructed of double skin heavy-gage stainless steel with

stiffeners as required for larger dampers and higher pressure.

7.15 Blade shaft is constructed of stainless steel continues through the damper
frame. Diameter of blade axle ranges from 12.5mm to 50mm depending
on size and design pressure. The blade shaft is fastened to the blade with
special-designed U bracket that prevent slippage between the two
components.

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7.16 Blade seal is constructed of EPDM extrusion; other types of seal such as
neoprene or silicon may be available upon request.

7.17 Shaft seal is constructed of comparison type packing gland continuously

welded to damper frame; packing is of Teflon material and may be
replaced without removal of bearing.

7.18 Bearing is of the ball bearing type with flange for outboard mounting.
Bearing housing is constructed of die-cast iron with epoxy painted finish.

7.19 Internal leakage across the damper, when closed, shall not exceed
0.05 m3/s per square meter of damper face area at approach velocity
of 10 m/s and pressure differential of 1000 Pa. There shall be no
external leakage through the damper frame and bearing under all
conditions. The static pressure drop across the damper should not
exceed 40 Pa.

7.20 Each damper shall be equipped with electric on/off actuator with spring
return, auxiliary switch, 230Vac, single phase and 50Hz-power supply.

7.21 Actuators shall be sufficient capacity to operate the damper under all
conditions, and to guarantee tight closure against system pressure
encountered and blade seals. Actuators shall provide at least minimum
torque of 15Nm per m2 damper area.

7.22 Damper actuators shall be designed for repeated actuation without

overheating or damage, with no minimum period between actuation and
to have an external manual gear release to allow manual positioning of the
damper when the actuator is not powered.

7.23 Damper actuators shall be mounted outside of the duct where appropriate
with support plates that are completely outside of the insulation or
covering.

7.24 All performance data submitted shall be tested in accordance to Air

Movement and Control Association – AMCA 500.

8 Rectangular Air flow measuring stations Guide Specifications

8.1 General - Applications

a. Rectangular air flow measuring stations shall be provided for

accurate measurement of airflow in air duct systems as shown on
the tender drawings.

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b. The signal provided by the measuring stations shall be able to be
read manually through a differential pressure-gauge or can be
relayed to any building management systems to be used to control
and balance air volumes.

c. Sound performance data shall be determined in a reverberation

room rated in accordance with ISO 3741 and ISO 5135.

8.2 Airflow sensors

a. Airflow sensors used for the measuring station shall be of the

multiple-point, true averaging type with constant signal
amplification of at least 2.5 times for accurate flow measurement.
Airflow sensors shall have a minimum of 24 (2 x 12) test points.

b. Accuracy of the flow measurement shall be better than 2.5% at a

velocity of 2.0 m/s or higher, even with irregular duct approach.

c. The airflow sensors shall have 100% repeatability on-site

measurements and arrangement of the test points shall be in
accordance to the “Tchebycheff rule” to ensure a true average
measurement signal.

d. There shall be only one(1) calibration point required for the full
range of airflow measurement and the accuracy shall be
maintained throughout the full airflow range.

8.3 Construction

a. Casing shall be air-tight construction made of galvanized steel not

less than 1.0mm thick and fitted with 30 mm wide flanges.
316 Stainless steel casing shall be constructed for the installation
at the 316 stainless steel exhaust duct.

b. The Flo-cross® sensor shall be constructed of high precision

extruded aluminum profiles.

c. The measuring port shall be made of twin polyurethane flexible

tubes, internal Ø4.00 mm and external Ø6.00 mm, red color for
high pressure and yellow/blue color for low pressure.

d. The flo-cross section shall be easily removable for cleaning and

checking.

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9. Induction VAV Guide specifications

9.1 General

a) Induction VAV boxes shall be provided for areas as indicated on the

tender drawings. The throttling range shall be from 100% - 15% without
the requirement for special diffusers or assisting fans.

b) During cooling mode, induction VAV boxes induce room air and mix it
with the conditioned primary air to maintain a near constant air volume to
the room. This provides sufficient air movement necessary to maintain
occupant comfort even at low turn-down ratio.

c) Where indicated in the tender drawings, the induction VAV box shall be
coupled with an acoustic and internally insulated terminal box (multiple
outlet spigots). The terminal box shall be internally lined with 80 kg/cu.m
rockwool laminated with aluminum foil. The box shall have proper
opening, with collar to enable connection of flexible ducts. All single
outlet and multiple outlets shall be installed with VCDs (volume control
dampers) for airflow adjustment.

9.2 Induction VAV unit operation

a) Primary air (air from AHU) enters the unit at the inlet and the unique
design of the damper creates a negative pressure in the entrance of the
induction chamber. This causes air to be induced through the induction
ports into the induction chamber where it is mixed with the primary air.
The mixed airflow is equally distributed by the multiple outlets to the
diffusers.

b) During low thermal load condition, the specially designed air damper
would throttle to reduce the cold primary air to maintain the room set
point temperature. This action creates a “Venturi Effect” which enables
the Induction VAV to induce the warmer room air and mixed with the
conditioned primary air before supplying to the room, thus providing
sufficient air movement necessary to maintain occupant comfort.

c) During high thermal load condition, the specially designed air damper
would open to increase the cold primary air to maintain the room set point
temperature. This action reduces the “Venturi Effect” to the minimum and
the Induction VAV boxes operate similar to a conventional single duct
VAV.

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 PARTICULAR SPECIFICATION
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9.3 Induction performance curve

a) The induction VAV shall be suitable to operate with a minimum

inlet static pressure of 150 Pa.

b) The primary air curve for the induction VAV unit is a straight line
and it is the same as a conventional VAV. The rate of induction is
a function of induction is a function of the inlet static pressure, the
inlet velocity and the downstream pressure drop.

c) Under normal operating conditions, the minimum induction ratio

shall be between 1.15 at maximum flow and 1.7 at minimum
flow.

d) The use of induction VAV units makes it possible to turn down

the VAV to 15% without the loss of air movement.

9.4 Construction

a) Induction VAV casing shall be air-tight construction made of

galvanized steel not less than 1.0mm thick with only two
longitudinal lock form seams, circular inlet, single oval induction
opening and rectangular outlet or with multiple outlet adaptor as
indicated on the drawings.

b) Units shall be internally insulated and insulation material shall be

tested to BS476 part 6/7 Class ‘0’ fire regulation and shall be
erosion proof up to 20 m/s air velocity.

c) Insulation material shall not be of the loose fibre type. Fibre glass
insulation must not be used in the internal lining of the induction
VAV due to IAQ requirements.

d) Induction VAV boxes shall be fitted with specially designed air

volume control damper to regulate the primary airflow and induce
the room air.

e) The damper shaft shall made of Ø12 mm aluminum and rotating

in self-lubricating, permanently impregnated nylon bearings.

f) Inlet and outlet spigots shall be suitable for duct sleeve connection
suitable for DIN 24 145 or DIN 24 146 respectively.

g) Induction VAV shall be suitable for use with analogue electronic

or DDC controllers.

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9.5 Acoustic Performance

a) Induction VAV boxes sound performance data shall be

determined in a reverberation room at an independent sound
laboratory according to ISO 3741 and ISO 5135 standards.

b) Performance of units shall be rated to ARI Standard 880-98 and

Addendum for Variable Air Volume Terminal Units.

c) The unit design and selection shall give adequate considerations

to ensure that noise levels within the space do not exceed NC35
with an inlet pressure of 150 Pa.

d) The maximum permissible sound power levels of the VAV boxes

shall be as follows, when operated at inlet static pressure of 150
Pa.

Sound Power Level 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k

Discharge 60 65 55 49 44 32
Radiated 63 58 54 43 39 31

9.6 Induction VAV with Pressure dependent Control

a) Induction VAV boxes designed for pressure dependent control

shall be provided as per the drawings and schedule or as specified
by S.O..

b) When the room temperature sensor sensed a change in space

temperature, it will transmit a reset signal to the controller and
regulate the volume damper to maintain the right amount of
primary air to the space to maintain room set point temperature.

c) Pressure dependent induction VAV shall come complete with a

DDC-VAV controller with built-in direct coupling actuation.

d) The DDC-VAV controller shall be open protocol, for easing

connection into the Building Aautomation and Monitoring System
(BAS) if required.

e) The integral damper actuator shall be minimum 6-Nm torque,

over the shaft mounting type. Stroke shall be fully adjustable from
0-90 degree rotation with visible position indicator. Actuator shall
be equipped with manual position override. The actuator stroke
time shall be between 95 seconds to 3.6 minutes for 90 degrees
rotation at 50Hz operation.

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9.7 Induction VAV Installation

a) Induction VAV boxes shall be adequately support by means of

anchor bolts, rods and angle-bars. The suspension system shall be
capable of withstanding the weight of the induction VAVs as
indicated on the drawings/specifications.

b) For ducted return systems, an egg-crate/return air grille shall be

provided for connection into the induction port by means of
flexible ducts fixed with volume control damper.

9.8 All VAV equipment shall be randomly tested in factory and on site.

9.9 Control and flow measurement

a. The airflow measuring station shall come complete with

differential pressure flow transducer.

b. The transducer shall be capable of measuring a differential

pressure as small as 1 Pa and shall be of the self-calibrating type.
Flow transducer that requires periodic re-calibration will not be
acceptable.

c. The transducer shall be capable of transmitting an input signal to a

DDC controller which is compatible to the Building Automation
System (BAS).

d. All control components shall be factory tested, assembled and

programmed prior to delivery to site.

e. LCD display shall be provided for easy direct reading o f the flow
values.

PS/M/12/30A