Je Uae Extraction of Dicephalic Monostomus Monster in Rathi Cow through Fetotomy - A Case Report Abstract A successful delivery of dicephalic monosiomus monsier through subcutaneous fetotomy is reported. Monster Which has two heads that join at shoulder is called dicephalus (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). Fetal anomalies and monstrosities ‘are common cause of dystocia in bovines (6) and are disturbances of development thal involve the sexual ‘organs and cause great distortion of the Individual (7). They are usually associated with either with infectious diseases or congenital defects (8) and may or may not interfere with birth (9, 10). Abnormal duplication of germinal area in fetus will give rise to congenital feta ‘abnormalities with partial duplication of body structure (11) {tis important to know various types of monsters in animals that usually cause dystocia, which cannot be easily dolivered and require a cesarean section ora fetotomy most ofthe time (12, 13). CaseHistory An eight-year-old indigencus Rathi cattle with the history of dystocia was presented in clinics of Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, TVCC, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, RAJUVAS, Bikaner. The animal was presented with the complaint that in spite of continuous straining for last 10 to 12 h after the expulsion of first water bag, there was no progression in the stage of parturition. Obstetrical Manoeuvres were used by @ local veterinary doctor to relleve dystocia but without success. Per vaginal examination revealed an abnormal fotus with two heads joined at neck in anterior longitudinal presentation, dorso-sacral position with both the fore limbs protruded from vagina Handling of Dystocia The animal was restrained in a sitting position and subcutaneous fetotomy of both the extended foro limbs was done (Figure 1) to creale space in the birth canal. A long obstetrical hook was inserted in the birth canal and placed in the eye ball socket of the one head. Another long obstetrical hook was placed in same manner in another eye ball of same head. By manual manipulation both heads were fixed one after one. Sufficient lubrication of birth ‘canal was done with liquid paraffin and traction was. applied on bath the obstetrics hooks and the fetus (Fig.1) was delivered (Figure 1), Post-partum care of the animal included IV infusion offiuids (2iiters Ringer lactate, 2 liters §% dextrose,450 mi calcium borogluconate), imidazole derivatives (Metronidazole 300m! IV) and administration of antibiotics (In Bovicef 19m IM for 3 days) (Indian Immunologicals Ltd.) anti- inflammatory (Iny- Nimovet 1Smi IM for 3 days} (Indian Immunologicals Ltd), antihistaminic drugs ‘and ecobolic orally for 5 days. Discussion The fetus had two fully developed heads on single neck (Figure 1), One of the heads was aligned with the cervical vertebrae. Both the heads rad separate cars but the pinnae of the medial ears were fused at, the base. The neck, thorax, abdomen and limbs were gtossly normal. These observations were similar to the earlier findings (14). Dicephalus monsters have also been reported in goats (15), butfaloes (5, 16, 17, 18) and cows (12, 19, 20) Embryonic duplications are malformation due to abnormal duplication of the germinal area giving fise to fetuses whose body structures are partially duplicated. The embryonic disk starts to Gifferentite on the 13th day, ifthe split occurs after day 73, then the twins will share body parts in addition to sharing their chorion and amnion (21). Conjoined twins may be caused by any number of factors, being influenced by genetic and environmental conditions. It is presently thought that these factors are responsible for the failure of ‘wine to separate after the 13th cay after fertilization (18). 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