Types of Engines .
In-line Engine
Opposed Cylinder Radial Engine
W-type Engine Engine :
Types of Engines :- The engine is a device
that converts the heat energy of fuel into
mechanical energy. The engines are mostly
used in the automobile industry. Different kinds
of engines are available based on our
requirements.
The major distinction between engines is
1) Internal Combustion Engine
2) External Combustion Engine.Internal Combustion Engine
As the name suggests that in an Internal
Combustion Engine combustion of fuel takes
place inside the engine. The most common
type of IC Engine is the four-stroke engine
which has four different steps.
1. Injection of fuel and oxidizer (Air) mixer
inside the engine.
2. Compression of Mixer.
3. Ignition of Fuel mixer by a spark.
4. Rejection of exhaust.
In this engine, fuel enters inside the
combustion chamber and the piston
compresses it. Due to compression and spark
ignition, high pressure and temperature impart
on the piston which is used to rotate crank
which is connected to the piston via a
connecting rod.External Combustion Engine
As the name suggests that in an External
Combustion Engine combustion of fuel takes
place outside the Engine. Here the extra heat
is utilized to produce low-pressure steam
which is used in the turbine to produce
electricity. Here the fuel is burnt outside the
engine so we can also use solid fuel.
Now let's talk about different types of engines
based on different criteria:
Based on Design:
1. Reciprocating Engine (Piston
Engine):
In this type of engine piston-cylinder assembly
is given. Piston moves to and fro inside the
cylinder. This is the most common type of
engine used in the automobile industry.
2. Rotary Engine (Wankel Engine):
In this type of engine instead of the piston
there is a rotor that rotates the wheel of the
vehicle. It is invented in 1957 but is currently
not used by people. The pressure generated
by fuel combustion is imparted on the rotor.Based on the number of Strokes:
1. Four strokes Engine:
In this engine, the piston moves two times up
and down and the crank rotates two times per
single fuel combustion. This is a very efficient
type of engine. It is used in bikes, cars, etc.
2. Two Strokes Engines:
In these engines, the piston moves only once
up and down. The crank rotates only once per
single fuel combustion.
Based on Fuel Used:
A) Diesel Engine: Uses Diesel as fuel. Ex. Bus,
Truck, etc.
B) Petrol Engine: Uses Petrol as fuel. Ex. Car,
Bike, etc.
C) Gas Engine: Uses LPG or CNG gas as fuel.
Ex. Auto, etc.
D) Electric Engine: Uses electric energy to
rotate the crank. Ex. Car.Based on the Method of Ignition:
1. Compression-lIgnition Engine:
Here no extra equipment is used to ignite the
fuel. Due to compression of fuel temperature
increases which causes ignition of fuel.
2. Spark-Ignition Engine:
Here to ignite fuel we use a spark plug. Due to
this, it is called a spark-ignition engine.
Based on the number of cylinders:
Single-cylinder engine:
Here we use only one the cylinder and piston
assembly that is connected to the crank.
Multi-cylinder engine:
Here we use more than two cylinders and a
piston assembly and that is connected to the
crank. The figure is shown below.Based on the arrangement of
cylinders:
1. In-line Engine: Here cylinders are
arranged in a single line along with the
crankshaft.
2. V-type Engine: Here cylinders are put at
an angle along with the crankshaft.
3. Opposed cylinder engine: Here cylinders
are at an angle of 1800. Same as V-type
but and 1800 angle.
4. W-type Engine: Here cylinders are the
same as V-type but it has three cylinders
pr single crankshaft.
5. Radial Engine: Here cylinders are all
around the shaft as shown in the figure.