SERVANT LEADER:

One example of a servant leader is Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln's acts during the American Civil War are
frequently recognized as great instances of servant leadership (Hubbard, 2011). Many academics point
to his role in keeping the Union together throughout the war and in liberating the slaves in the South.
Why are these specific behaviors considered servant leadership? The most obvious explanation is that it
would have been far easier for Lincoln to dissolve the Union and/or just allow slavery to continue.
Rather than choosing the effortless way, Lincoln chose the difficult path because it would benefit the
people he was serving in the long term, even if they did not understand it at the time.

AUTHOCRATIC LEADER:

Leona Helmsley, a self-made entrepreneur who helped run her third husband's $5
billion New York real estate and hotel empire before being convicted of federal
income tax fraud, died Friday in her Greenwich, Conn., vacation home. She was 87
years old and had a heart condition. Mrs. Helmsley's appetite for media attention and aggressive
demeanor won her the tabloid moniker "the Queen of Mean." By any definition, she was a lady of moxie
and accomplishment — a college dropout who launched a lucrative career as a real estate broker as a
42-year-old divorced mother. She married Harry Helmsley in 1972, whose property management
company includes hundreds of apartment complexes, office skyscrapers such as the Empire State
Building, and a statewide hotel network. Mrs. Helmsley took over as president of the hotel component,
displaying an authoritarian style that she claimed was focused toward improved customer service. She
posed herself as tiara-crowned royalty in commercials for the opulent flagship, the Helmsley Palace,
with subtitles that read, "the only Palace in the world where the Queen stands guard," and was later
featured polishing silver, making beds, and tasting the food. In one post, she remarked, "I wouldn't
settle for drab-looking meals." "How come you should?" Mrs. Helmsley's personality became ingrained
in the tax demands and popular history. Several unhappy employees stated that her rigorous methods
destroyed the dignity of everyone on her payroll, from the cleaning crew to the highest executives.
During the income-tax evasion trial in 1989, one of Mrs. Helmsley's personal maids testified against her.
Mrs. Helmsley, according to the maid, boasted, "We don't pay taxes. Only the tiny people pay taxes."
Mrs. Helmsley denied saying so, but her reputation for high living made the statements appear credible
to many, and it became a devastating statement at trial.