CHAPTER WISE QUESTION

Class X SOCIAL SCIENCE Time : 1½ hrs

SECTORS OF THE INDIAN ECONOMY Marks : 40

SET A

SECTION A - OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS 8×1=8

1. The goods that are used as raw materials for further production are known by which
name?
a) Final goods b) Consumer gods
c) Material goods d) Intermediate goods
2. The task of collection of data in all the three sectors of the economy is done by which of
the following canalizations.
a) NSSO b) BPO c) KPO d) UNDP
3. The sectors are classified into public and private sectors on the basis of
a) Employment condition b) The nature of economic activities
c) Ownership of enterprises
d) Number of workers employed in the enterprise
4. Production of commodity, mostly through the nature process, is an activity in ..............
OR
In terms of ownership, enterprises owned by individuals are known as .............
5. Match the following.

COLUMN 1 COLUMN 2

1) Public Sector a) This sector transforms one good into another by

adding more value and utility.

2) Primary Sector b) This sector provides useful services for other sectors.

3) Secondary Sector c) This sector produces goods by exploiting natural

resources.

4) Tertiary Sector d) Is managed and controlled by the government to

provide facilities for the people.

a) 1 - d, 2 - c, 3 - a, 4 - b b) 1 - d, 2 - a, 3 - b, 4 - c

c) 1 - b, 2 - c, 3 - d, 4 - a d) 1 - b, 2 - d, 3 - a, 4 - d
6. Ramesh owns a medical shop. He managed the shop with the help of an assistant. Once
his son Mahesh finished his education, he also joined his father in the medical shop. Now
both Ramesh and Mahesh managed the medical shop with the help of the assistant.
Mahesh is
a) Unemployed b) Underemployed c) Over employed d) Employed
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7. What was the most important sector of economic activities at the earliest stages of
development?
OR
How can problem of underemployment be reduced by the government?
8. In a village, 200 families are living. 65 families work on their own piece of land, 80 families
work on the field of other farmers, 15 families run their own shops and 40 families work in
a nearby factory to earn their livelihood. What percentage of villagers depend on the
secondary sector?

a) 20 b) 30 c) 25 d) 40

SECTION B - COMPTENCY BASED QUESTIONS

Assertion Reason Type questions
In the following questions there are two statements marked as Assertion Type (A) and
other is Reason Type (R). Read the following statements and choose the correct option.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is wrong. d) A is wrong but R is true.
9. Assertion (A) : The service sector is gaining more importance in the global economy.
Reason (R) : As income levels decrease, certain sections of people start demanding
many more services like private schools, and hospitals, eating outlets,
tourism, etc. 1
10. Assertion (A) : A high average income is not indicative of the overall well-being or human
development in a country.
Reason (R) : Average income does not cover indicators like level of literacy rate,
health facilities and public facilities in a country. 1
11. Assertion (A) : In the public sector, the government owns most of the assets and
provides all the services.
Reason (R) : The purpose of the public sector is not first to earn profits but to promote
public welfare. 1
12. Assertion (A) : The development of agriculture and industry leads to the development
of service sector.
Reason (R) : As the primary and secondary sectors develop, the demand for
transport, storage structures, banks, insurance, etc., increases. 1
13. Read the extract given below and answer the questions.
The value of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year
provides the total production of the sector for that year. And the sum of production in the
three sectors gives what is called the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country. It is
the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a particular
year. GDP shows how big the economy is. In India, the mammoth task of measuring GDP
2 SS-Ch-8A
 is undertaken by a central government ministry. This Ministry, with the help of various
government departments of all the Indian states and union territories, collects information
relating to total volume of goods and services and their prices and then estimates the
GDP. When we produce a good by exploiting natural resources, it is an activity of the
primary sector. The secondary sector in which natural products are changed into other
forms through ways of manufacturing that we associate with industrial activity. After primary
and secondary, there is a third category of activities that falls under the tertiary sector and
is different from the above two. These are activities that help in the development of the
primary and secondary sectors. These activities, by themselves do not produce a good .
But they are an aid or a support for the production process.
i) The money value of all the final goods and services produced within a country during
a particular year is called 4×1=4
a) Gross domestic product b) Net domestic product
c) National product d) Production of secondary sector
ii) Which sector has emerged as the largest producing sector in India?
a) Primary sector b) Secondary sector
c) Tertiary sector d) Science and technology sector
iii) Information and communication technology is associated with
a) Primary sector b) Secondary sector
c) Tertiary sector d) None of the above
iv) Life insurance is an activity of the
a) Primary sector b) Secondary sector
c) Tertiary sector d) None of the above

14. Read the passage below and answer the following questions.

More than half of the workers in the country are working in the primary sector, mainly in
agriculture, producing only a quarter of the GDP. In contrast to this, the secondary and
tertiary sectors produce four-fifth of the produce whereas they employ less than half the
people. Does this mean that the workers in agriculture are not producing as much as they
could? There are also people who are not employed at all. In what ways can one increase
employment for people?

The organised sector offers jobs that are the most sought-after. But the employment
opportunities in the organised sector have been expanding very slowly. It is also common
to find many organised sector enterprises in the unorganised sector. They adopt such
strategies to evade taxes and refuse to follow laws that protect labourers. As a result, a
large number of workers are forced to enter the unorganised sector.

i) In spite of high employment in agriculture, its share in GDP is low. What does it
mean? 1

ii) How are workers exploited in an unorganised sector? 1

3 SS-Ch-8A
 iii) Who are the vulnerable people who need protection in unorganised sector in rural and
urban areas respectively? 2

15. Answer the following question by looking at the graph. What was the GDP of India in
2013-14?

a) 5,500,000 crores

b) 5,700,000 crores

c) 600,000 crores

d) 5,600,000 crores 1

16. Read the information given below and answer the questions that follows.

This sector is characterised by small and scattered units which are largely outside the
control of the government. There are rules and regulations but these are not followed.
Jobs here are low-paid and often not regular. There is no provision for overtime, paid
leave, holidays, leave due to sickness etc. Employment is not secure. People can be
asked to leave without any reason. When there is less work, such as during some seasons,
some people may be asked to leave. A lot also depends on the whims of the employer.
This sector includes a large number of people who are employed on their own doing
small jobs such as selling on the street or doing repair works. Similarly, farmers work on
their own and hire labourers as and when they require.

Choose the correct meaning of the organised sector. 1

a) It covers those enterprises where the terms of employment are regular.

b) It is outside the control of the government.

c) Jobs are not regular d) It provides low salaries

17. Laxmi, owning about three hectares of unirrigated land dependent only on rain and growing
crops like jowar and arhar. All seven members of her family work in the field throughout
the year. You will see that everyone is working, none remains idle, but in actual fact their
labour effort gets divided. Each one is doing some work but no one is fully employed.
Analyze the information given above, considering one of the following correct options.

a) Underemployment b) Disguised unemployment

c) Seasonal unemployment d) Both (a) and (b) 1

OR

4
SS-Ch-8A
 There are many activities that are undertaken by directly using natural resources. For
example, the cultivation of cotton beekeeping, dairy farming, etc. Analyse the information
given above considering one of the following correct option

a) Tertiary sector b) Private sector

c) Secondary sector d) Primary sector

18. Read the source carefully and answer the following questions.

Another way of classifying economic activities into sectors could be on the basis of who
owns assets and is responsible for the delivery of services. In the public sector, the
government owns most of the assets and provides all the services. In the private sector,
ownership of assets and delivery of services is in the hands of private individuals or
companies. Indian Post Office is an example of the public sector whereas companies
like Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO) or Reliance Industries Limited (RIL)
are privately owned.

Indian Railways is an example of public sector as

i) It is controlled and managed by the government

ii) It is a medium of public transport

Choose the correct option.

a) Both i & ii b) Only i c) Only ii d) Neither i not ii 1

SECTION C - SHORT & LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

19. “The pace of change in the communication sector has been rapid in modern times.”
Support the statement with examples 3

20. ‘Tertiary sector is playing a significant role in the development of Indian Economy’. Justify
the statement. 5

OR

There has been a big change in the three sectors of economic activities, but a similar
shift has not taken place in the share of employment. Explain the above statement on the
basis of facts.

21. Explain any five differences between organised and unorganised sectors. 5

OR

“There are several things needed by the society as a whole”. In the light of this statement,
explain as private or the public sector and why?

22. Explain the problem of underemployment in the service sector in urban areas with
examples. 3

5 SS-Ch-8A
 CHAPTER WISE QUESTION

Class X SOCIAL SCIENCE Time : 1½ hrs

SECTORS OF THE INDIAN ECONOMY Marks : 40

SET B

SECTION A - OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS 8×1=8

1. All economic activities that directly involve conversion of natural resources are classified
under
a) Secondary sector b) Primary sector
c) Tertiary sector d) Government sector
2. The sector in which the productive units are owned maintained and managed by
government.
a) organized sector b) Primary sector
c) Public sector d) Industrial sector
3. Which of the following workers are not very productive in tertiary sector?
a) Educated and trained professionals
b) Repair persons and daily wage earners
c) People in defence services
d) People working in health centres and hospitals
4. The type of unemployment in which more number of people work than actually needed is
known as .............
OR
Hidden unemployment is also called .................
5. Match the following.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1) Under employment a) Secured job

2) Right to work b) There are more people in agriculture than

is necessary

3) Employment in organised sector c) No paid holidays

4) Employment to unorganised d) 100 days of assured employment

sector

a) 1 - b, 2 - a, 3 - c, 4 - d b) 1 - b, 2 - c, 3 - d, 4 - a

c) 1 - b, 2 - a, 3 - d, 4 - c d) 1 - b, 2 - d, 3 - a, 4 - c
6. Why is the tertiary sector becoming so important in India?
a) Government is taking the responsibility of providing the basic services.
6
 b) Development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of services such
as transport, trade, storage and others.
c) In India maximum population is dependent on agriculture that’s why this sector
dominates.
d) As income level rise, certain sections of people start demanding many more services.
A) a, b, c and d are correct B) a, b and d are correct
C) b, c and d are correct D) a, b, c and d are correct
7. Name the sector in which the natural products are changed into other forms.
OR
When we produce goods by exploiting the natural resources, in which category of economic
sector such activities come?

8. Choose the improper group from the following.

a) Maruti Suzuki, Tata Motors and Volkswagen

b) Indian Railways, TSRTC, and Indian Airlines

c) Agriculture, Lumbering and Mining d) BSNL, Hero Honda and Amul Dairy

SECTION B - COMPTENCY BASED QUESTIONS

Assertion Reason Type questions

In the following questions there are two statements marked as Assertion Type (A) and
other is Reason Type (R). Read the following statements and choose the correct option.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

c) A is true but R is wrong. d) A is wrong but R is true.

9. Assertion (A) : Per Capita Income is calculated in US dollars.

Reason (R) : US dollar is not considered as the medium of international exchange. It
is accepted as a method of payment across the world. 1
10. Assertion (A) : Disguised unemployment is hidden in contrast to someone who does
not have a job and is clearly visible as unemployed. Everyone is working,
no one is fully employed.
Reason (R) : In actual fact, labour effort gets divided. 1
11. Assertion (A) : There is a need for protection and support of the workers in the
unorganized sector.
Reason (R) : The workers of unorganized sector are harassed due to strict
compliance with the government rules and regulations. 1
OR

7 SS-Ch-6B
 Assertion (A) : An individual who manufactures flour from wheat is engaged in primary
sector.
Reason (R) : When some process of manufacturing is used the product is a part of
secondary sector. 1
12. Read the source given below and answer the questions.
Total income is not such a useful measure. Since, countries have different populations,
comparing total income will not tell us what an average person is likely to earn. Are people
in one country better off than others in a different country? Hence, we compare the average
income which is the total income of the country divided by its total population. The average
income is also called per capita income. In World Development Reports, brought out by
the World Bank, this criterion is used in classifying countries. Countries with per capita
income of US$ 12,056 per annum and above in 2017, are called rich countries and those
with per capita income of US$ 955 or less are called low-income countries. India comes
in the category of low middle income countries because its per capita income in 2017
was just US$ 1820 per annum. The rich countries, excluding countries of Middle East and
certain other small countries, are generally called developed countries.
i) Countries with per capita income of US$ 12,056 per annum and above are called
................
a) Low income countries b) Rich countries
c) Small countries d) None of these 4 × 1= 4
ii) We compare the average income by ..................
a) Total income of the country divided by the total population
b) Total population multiplied by total income
c) Both A and B d) None of these
iii) The rich countries exclude the countries of ................
a) Middle East b) Certain other small countries
c) Srilanka d) All of these
iv) The average income is
a) Income per person b) Income per family
c) Income per month d) Income per earning person

13. Read the passage and answer the questions that follows.

There are many activities that are undertaken by directly using natural resources. Take,
for example, the cultivation of cotton. It takes place within a crop season. For the growth
of the cotton plant, we depend mainly, but not entirely, on natural factors like rainfall,
sunshine and climate. The product of this activity, cotton, is a natural product.

In India, the mammoth task of measuring GDP is undertaken by a central government

ministry. This Ministry, with the help of various government departments of all the Indian

8 SS-Ch-6B
 states and union territories, collects information relating to total volume of goods and
services and their prices and then estimates the GDP.

i) Why is cultivation of cotton considered an example of primary sector? 1

ii) What is another name of primary sector? Why? 1

iii) Who conducts the process of estimation of GDP? 2

14. Look at the graph below and answer the following question. What is the percentage of
share of the primary sector in the year 1973 - 74 and 2013 - 14?

a) 11% & 20%

b) 40% & 11%

c) 49% & 69%

d) 40% & 20% 1

15. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follows.

The primary sector continues to be the largest employer even in the year 2000. The reason
for this is that not enough jobs are created in the secondary and tertiary sectors. More
than half of the workers in the country are working in the Primary sector, mainly in
agriculture, producing only a quarter of GDP. In contrast to this Secondary and Tertiary
sectors produce three-fourths of the produce though they employ less than half of the
people.

Production of a commodity through natural process is called. 1

a) Primary b) Secondary

c) Tertiary d) Information technology

16. Kamal works in rice mill jobs here are low-paid and often not regular. There is no provision
for overtime paid leave holidays, etc. Employment is not secure. People can be asked to
leave without any reason. Analyse the information given above, considering one of the
following correct option. 1

a) Organised sector b) Private sector

c) Unorganized sector d) Joint sector

OR

Rakesh works in a automobile unit in Gurugram. But he does not get any facility like
health insurance, medical leave provident fund, gratuity etc. Which sector he belongs to?

a) Public sector b) Organised sector

c) Private sector d) Unorganised sector

9 SS-Ch-6B
17. Read the following source and answer the questions.

There are many activities that are undertaken by directly using natural resources. Since
most of the natural products we get are from agriculture, dairy, fishing, forestry, this sector
is also called agriculture and related sector. The secondary sector covers activities in
which natural products are changed into other forms through ways of manufacturing.
This could be in a factory, a workshop or at home. For example, using cotton fibre from
the plant, we spin yarn and weave cloth. Since this sector gradually became associated
with the different kinds of industries that came up, it is also called as industrial sector.
After primary and secondary, there is a third category of activities that falls under the
tertiary sector and are different from the above two. These are activities that help in the
development of the primary and secondary sectors. These activities, by themselves, do
not produce a good but they are an aid or support for the production process.
“After primary and secondary, there is a third category of activities that falls under the
tertiary sector and is different from the above two”. Which of the following is incorrect
with regarding the given statement? 1

a) These activities do not produce a good by themselves

b) These activities help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors

c) These activities are an aid or support for the production process

d) These activities generate goods services rather than services

SECTION C - SHORT & LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

19. “Tertiary sector activities help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors”.
Evaluate the statement. . 3

20. Describe any five provisions of National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005. 5

OR

Describe the historical changes that have taken place in the sectors of the economy in
the developed countries.

21. ‘Public sector contributes to the economic development of India’. Justify the statement.5

OR

Compare the economic activities of the Private sector with that of the Public sector.

22. “Primary sector was the most important sector of economic activity at initial stages of
development”. Evaluate the statement. 5

10 SS-Ch-6B