Question 1. Why was Thanjavur famous? Answer: Thanjavur was famous because it was capital of the Cholas dynasty. Question 2. Name the river which was flowed near Thanjavur. Answer: Kaveri river flowed near the town Thanjavur.Question 3. Who built Raj arajeshvara temple? Answer: Rajarajeshvara temple built by King Rajaraja Chola. Question 4. Name the activities held by the king in the towns. Answer: Kings held court in mandaps, issuing orders to their subordinates. There are also barracks for the army. Question 5 What were the market activities in towns? Answer: The towns were bustling with markets selling grains, spices, cloth and jewellery.Question 6. How did water get supplied in the town? Answer: Water was supplied in the town from wells and tanks. Question 7. Name the places which were famous for producing cloth. Answer: Thanjavur and the nearby town Uraiyur were famous for producing cloth. Question 8. What was the use of clothes in the temples? Answer: The cloth was used in the temples as flags.Question 9. Which kind of cotton was used by the kings? Answer: Fine cotton was used by the kings. Question 10. What do you mean by the ‘pattern of urbanization’? Answer: Pattern of urbanization is a process by which cities are developed. Question 11. Why were temples built by the kings? Answer: Kings built temples to demonstrate their devotion to various deities.Question 13. Who was Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti? Answer: Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti was a famous Sufi Saint settled in Ajmer. Question 14. Name the communities which were included in the Gujarati traders. Answer: Gujarati traders, included the communities of Hindu Baniyas and Muslim Bohras. Question 15, What did Gujarati traders use to sell? Answer: They sold textiles and spices. Question 16. Which spices were grown in the tropical climates? Answer: Spices such as pepper, cinnamon, nutmeg, dried ginger etc., grown in tropical climates.Question 17. Why were craftspersons of Bidar so famous? Answer: The craftspersons of Bidar were so famed for their inlay work in copper and silver. Question 18. What is Bidri? Answer: Inlay work on metal of‘Bidar’ craftspersons is called ‘Bidri’. Question 19. When did Hampi fall into ruin? Answer: Hampi fell into ruin following the defeat of Vijayanagara in 1565 by the Deccani Sultans.Question 21. Which city was called the gate to Mecca, and why? Answer: Surat was called gate to Mecca because many pilgrims used this place to visit Mecca. Question 22. What were the facilities available in Surat? Answer: There were rest-houses, magnificent buildings and innumerable pleasure parks. Question 23. Who had banking houses at Surat? Answer: The Kathiawad seths or mahajans had huge banking houses at SuratQuestion 1. What were the functions of the medieval town? Answer: Medieval town combined several functions-they were administrative centres, temple towns, as well as centres of commercial activities and craft production. Question 2. Why did the Kings donate land and money to the temples? Answer: Kings donated land and money to the temples to carry out elaborate rituals, feed pilgrims and priests and celebrate festivals.Question 3. How were temple towns grown? Answer: Temple authorities used their wealth to finance trade and banking. Gradually a large number of priests, workers, artisans, traders etc., settled near the temple to cater to its needs and those of the pilgrims and thus grew temple towns. Question 4. Which cities or towns were developed around the temples? Answer: Bhillasvamin (Madhya Pradesh), Somnath (Gujarat), Kanchipuram, Tiruvannamalai and Madurai (Tamil Nadu), Tirupati (Andhra Pradesh), Vrindavan (Uttar Pradesh) etc., towns were developed around the temples.