Professional Documents
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EC1 Part 1-4 UK National Annex
EC1 Part 1-4 UK National Annex
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Table NA.5 – External pressure coefficients for flat roofs (Cpe,10 and
Cpe,1) 20
Table NA.6a) – External pressure coefficients for monopitch roofs
(Cpe,10 and Cpe,1) 21
Table NA.6b) – External pressure coefficients for monopitch roofs
(Cpe,10 and Cpe,1) 21
Table NA.7a) – External pressure coefficients for duopitch roofs
(Cpe,10 and Cpe,1) 22
Table NA.7b) – External pressure coefficients for duopitch roofs
(Cpe,10 and Cpe,1) 23
Table NA.8 – External pressure coefficients for hipped roofs (Cpe,10
and Cpe,1) 24
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The start and finish of text introduced or altered by National
Amendment No. 1 is indicated in the text by tags !". Minor
editorial changes are not tagged.
National Amendment No. 1 has been made to reflect Amendment
No. 1 to BS EN 1991-1-4:2005.
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NOTE 1 This map is intended for sites in the United Kingdon, Isle of Man and Channel Islands only.
NOTE 2 The isopleths in the Irish Republic are shown for purposes of interpolation only."
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!"#"6; %(F&O,/)L-'*F/0+'/!D=$>/
234/5 /67768689:#;;<1/9"N"6=6>/ +*(/#@
\8:9I= N7+4-: 234 <#%%$ +48 =3- K43>9<8<(
!"#"66 ?'+)(AC'(/0+'/A(*('D&,&,O/*L(/'+COL,(FF/
0-)*+'/ '=$>/234/5 /67768689:#;;<1/9"N"#/=6>@
Licensed copy:Ramboll UK Ltd, 22/09/2011, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
W @AX 2011 V L
&' -3 @A B& !CC!D!D4:2005+A1:2010
()*+&&&&*@8&@80?@/&%&09&/@8&@80?@/&./&C@0 @&<5&09&91-?@/'
U V W @AX 2011
&' -3 @A B& !CC!D!D4:2005+A1:2010
1 &*@8&@80?@/&%&09&/@8&@80?@/&./&C@0 @&<5&09&91-?@/'
()TE&&&
!NOTE 2 Sites less than 0.1 km inside Town boundary should be treated as being in country terrain."
!"#"6# ?'+)(AC'(/0+'/A(*('D&,&,O/*L(/-,OC.-'/F()*+'/
-,A/CJF*'(-D/A&F*-,)(/0+'/*L(/-FF(FFD(,*/+0/
*(''-&,/'+COL,(FF/
234/5 /67768689:#;;<1/9"N"#/=#>/ +*(@
R78 48N3##8=<8< >+,;8 32 -78 +=I;,+4 :8N-34 :73;,< *8 ;:8<(
R78 48N3##8=<8< >+,;8 32 ;K:-48+# <9:-+=N8 9=
@A B& !CC!D!DEF)""G !"#/:73;,< =3- *8 ;:8<( a43N8<;48: I9>8= 9=
-79: &+-93=+, '==8] 9#K,9N9-,O -+Q8 9=-3 +NN3;=- -78 ;K:-48+#
<9:-+=N8: 32 -844+9= +=< -844+9= N7+=I8:(
W @AX 2011 V C
&' -3 @A B& !CC!D!D4:2005+A1:2010
!"#"6N ?'+)(AC'(/0+'/A(*('D&,&,O/*L(/+'+O'-JLI/0-)*+'/
234/5 /67768689:#;;<1/9"N"N/=6>@
R78 48N3##8=<8< K43N8<;48 9= @A B& !CC!D!DEF)""G !"N :73;,< *8
;:8< 234 :9-8: -7+- ,98 9= -78 :7+<8< P3=8: :736= 9= H9I;48 &'()( [;-:9<8
32 -78:8 P3=8:0 -78 343I4+K7O 2+N-34 #+O *8 -+Q8= +: !0" 34 N+= *8
N+,N;,+-8<( M78= -78 343I4+K7O 2+N-34 9: -+Q8= +: !0"0 -78 +,-9-;<8 !
:73;,< *8 -+Q8= +: -78 :9-8 +,-9-;<8(
!"#"69 500()*/+0/.-'O(/-,A/)+,F&A('-E.I/*-..('
,(&OLE+C'&,O/F*'C)*C'(F/
234/5 /67768689:#;;<1/9"N"9/=6>@
R78 48N3##8=<8< K43N8<;48 9= @A B& !CC!D!DEF)""G !"9 #+O *8
;:8<(
!"#"6< 500()*/+0/).+F(.I/FJ-)(A/EC&.A&,OF/-,A/+EF*-).(F/
234/5 /67768689:#;;<1/9"N"</=6>@
R78 48N3##8=<8< K43N8<;48 9= @A B& !CC!D!DEF)""G !"< #+O *8
;:8<(
Licensed copy:Ramboll UK Ltd, 22/09/2011, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
!"#"6$ %(*('D&,-*&+,/+0/*L(/*C'EC.(,)(/0-)*+'/(T
234/5 /67768689:#;;<1/9"9/=6>/ +*(/#@
_+,;8: 234 -;4*;,8=N8 2+N-34 DX 3= 9-: 36= +48 =3- I9>8=( X- 9:
9=N34K34+-8< 9= + =86 -84# A>%%$2,+-(
A>%%$2,+- .&DXb,=%%% @<9:$b%"$0 >+,;8: 32 679N7 +48 I9>8= 9= H9I;48 &'(G(
M7848 343I4+K7O 9: =3- :9I=929N+=- +: <829=8< *O
H9I;48 &'()F A>%%$ . A>%%$2,+- 234 :9-8: 9= ^3;=-4O -844+9=? +=<
A>%%$ . A>%%$2,+- DX0R0 234 :9-8: 9= R36= -844+9=( DX0R 9: -78 -;4*;,8=N8
N3448N-93= 2+N-34 234 R36= -844+9=0 >+,;8: 32 679N7 +48 I9>8= 9=
H9I;48 &'(J(
M7848 343I4+K7O 9: :9I=929N+=-0 -78 >+,;8 3*-+9=8< 243# H9I;48 &'(G
:73;,< *8 <9>9<8< *O -78 343I4+K7O 2+N-34 3(
()*+ &&&*@8 .BB;1B;0./8&<.=-8&1>&@<9: /1&78&-98:&02&P0?-;8&(!'J&
.2:&P0?-;8&(!'V'&@<9: 09&:8>028:&02&RM&+(&"SS"T"TIU3##J&%&''&
W @AX 2011 V !!
&' -3 @A B& !CC!D!D4:2005+A1:2010
!"#"6M %(*('D&,-*&+,/+0/J(-U/H(.+)&*I/J'(FFC'(1/*J=$>/
234/5 /67768689:#;;<1/9"</=6>/ +*(/6@
@A B& !CC!D!DEF)""G B]K48::93= %E(U$ <38: =3- +KK,O(
M78= 343I4+K7O 9: =3- :9I=929N+=- +: <829=8< *O H9I;48 &'() % 3 . !0"$F
%&'(T+$ ,K%%$ . 8%%$,* 234 :9-8: 9= ^3;=-4O -844+9=? +=<
%&'(T*$ ,K%%$ . 8%%$ T 80R T ,* 234 :9-8: 9= R36= -844+9=(
!) V W @AX 2011
&' -3 @A B& !CC!D!D4:2005+A1:2010
R78 >+,;8: 32 8]K3:;48 2+N-34 8%%$ +48 I9>8= 9= H9I;48 &'(L +=< -78
>+,;8: 32 8]K3:;48 N3448N-93= 2+N-34 234 R36= -844+9= 80R +48 I9>8=
9= H9I;48 &'(U(
M78= 343I4+K7O 9: :9I=929N+=-F
%&'(E+$$ ,K%%$ .=&,K%%$ 243# Bc;+-93= &'(T+ 34 &'(T*A T =% 3%%$ / "(J$b!(JA)
234 % G" #?
34
%&'(E*$$ ,K " ! # Z $% &'( T " " ! #) T (*+ T ¢ T ! 234 % 5 G" #(
'==8] ' -3 -79: &+-93=+, '==8] :736: 2,36 <9+I4+#: 234 -78
<8-84#9=+-93= 32 ,K%%$(
!NOTE Expression NA.4b) is generally applicable."
! 200
4.2
4.1
100 4
Licensed copy:Ramboll UK Ltd, 22/09/2011, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
90
80 3.9
70
60
50
40
A 3.8
3.7
3.6
3.5
30 3.4
3.3
3.2
3.1
z - hdis (m)
20
3
2.9
2.8
2.7
10
9
8
7
6
2.5
2.4
2.3
2.6
B
2.2
5
2.1
4 2
1.9
3 1.8
1.7
1.6
1.5
2
0.1 1 10 100
W @AX 2011 V !T
&' -3 @A B& !CC!D!D4:2005+A1:2010
200
100
90 Use 1.0 in this area
80
70
60
50
40
A or B
30 1
0.98
0.96
0.94
z - h dis (m)
20
Licensed copy:Ramboll UK Ltd, 22/09/2011, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
0.92
0.9
0.88
10 0.86
9 0.84
8 0.82
0.8
C
7
0.78
6
0.76
5 0.74
0.72
4 0.7
0.68
0.66
3
2
0.1 1 10 20
()*+&"&&&&*@8&@80?@/&%&09&/@8&@80?@/&./&C@0 @&,B&09&91-?@/&-902?&+,-./012&(!'E.4&1;&(!'E74'
()*+&3 &W1289&!G&R&.2:&K&.;8&02:0 ./8:&>1;&-98&02&*.7=8&(!'E'
!NOTE 3 Sites less than 0.1 km inside Town boundary should be treated as being in country terrain."
!E V W @AX 2011
!"#$"%&"' "())(*(*4:2005+A1:2010
! Table NA.3 Size factor cs for zones A, B and C indicated in Figures NA.7
and NA.8
b+h z – hdis 6m z – hdis = 10 m z – hdis = 30 m z – hdis = 50 m z – hdis = 200 m
m A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C
5 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00
10 0,95 0,94 0,88 0,95 0,95 0,90 0,96 0,96 0,93 0,97 0,96 0,94 0,98 0,97 0,97
20 0,93 0,91 0,84 0,93 0,92 0,87 0,95 0,94 0,90 0,95 0,95 0,92 0,96 0,96 0,95
30 0,91 0,89 0,81 0,92 0,91 0,84 0,94 0,93 0,88 0,94 0,93 0,90 0,96 0,95 0,93
40 0,90 0,88 0,79 0,91 0,89 0,82 0,93 0,91 0,86 0,93 0,92 0,88 0,95 0,94 0,92
50 0,89 0,86 0,77 0,90 0,88 0,80 0,92 0,90 0,85 0,92 0,91 0,87 0,94 0,94 0,91
70 0,87 0,84 0,74 0,88 0,86 0,77 0,90 0,89 0,83 0,91 0,90 0,85 0,93 0,92 0,90
100 0,85 0,82 0,71 0,86 0,84 0,74 0,89 0,87 0,80 0,90 0,88 0,82 0,92 0,91 0,88
150 0,83 0,80 0,67 0,84 0,82 0,71 0,87 0,85 0,77 0,88 0,86 0,79 0,90 0,89 0,85
200 0,81 0,78 0,65 0,83 0,80 0,69 0,85 0,83 0,74 0,86 0,84 0,77 0,89 0,88 0,83
300 0,79 0,75 0,62 0,80 0,77 0,65 0,83 0,80 0,71 0,84 0,82 0,73 0,87 0,85 0,80
b = cross wind breadth of building or building part or width of element
h = height of building or building part or length of element
z = height of building or height to top of element (or height of building part, subject to BS EN 1991-1-4:2005 7.2.2 (1))
Licensed copy:Ramboll UK Ltd, 22/09/2011, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
!"#"6Q B-.C(/*+/E(/CF(A/0+'/-&'/A(,F&*I/
234/5 /67768689:#;;<1/9"</=6>/ +*(/#@
R78 +94 <8=:9-O :73;,< *8 -+Q8= +: !0))J QIb#T(
!"#"67 ?'+)(AC'(/0+'/A(*('D&,&,O/.-)U/+0/)+''(.-*&+,/
E(*G((,/G&,AG-'A/-,A/.((G-'A/0-)(F/
234/5 /67768689:#;;<1/<"N/=<>@
!When applying Expression (5.5) of BS EN 1991-1-4:2005, the
rule given in BS EN 1991-1-4:2005 7.2.2 (3) may be applied to the
summation of the loads on all windward and leeward surfaces, i.e. the
reduction factor may be applied to the horizontal force component
from both the walls and the roof."
+"%&,"2011 - !G
!"#$"%&"' "())(*(*4:2005+A1:2010
-..#7 G* .771 G* .77
#1 #1
-..
-..1
-..#7
-..
#17 #17
-
.#
-..1
## ##
-..7
-..#
Licensed copy:Ramboll UK Ltd, 22/09/2011, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
##7 ##7
-..71
-..7
#7 #7
#77 #77
#7 #77 177 #7 #77 177
%& %&
#17
-..#7 #17
##
-.. ##
##7
-..1 ##7
-..#7
-..
-..#
#7 #7
#77 #77
#7 #77 177 #7 #77 177
%& %&
!"#$): ))/0123()!*+4)07)&%7(. C- 6<)G >E)HI7J)-(5)G)<EJ)K1)G)?JE5+ DL%'2()CM . .C(7)-CN) 5%-1()701-0M0 %-N'O)
MC3)CN5(3)P0-.)7B((.7+F
!"#$)> #5()70K()(MM( N M% NC3) 2 % C2-N7)MC3)N5()-C-;70H2'N%-(C27)% N0C-)CM)127N7)C6(3)(AN(3-%')723M% (7+)QN)
H%O)&()%BB'0(.)NC)0-.060.2%')7N32 N23%') CHBC-(-N7 %-.) '%..0-1)2-0N7)%-.)NC)N5()C6(3%'')7N32 N23(+
!"#$), )#5().O-%H0 )M% NC3) 9)% C2-N7)MC3)N5()(MM( N)CM M'2 N2%N0-1)P0-.)'C%.7)0-) CH&0-%N0C-)P0N5)N5(
3(7C-%- ()CM)N5()7N32 N23(+)#5()70HB'0M0(.)%BB3C% 5 106(-)0-)/0123( !*+4)5%7)&((-).(306(.)MC3)NOB0 %')
&20'.0-17)P0N5)NOB0 %' .%HB0-1)%-.)-%N23%')M3(R2(- O) 5%3% N(307N0 7+)SC3()% 23%N()6%'2(7)P0'')&()106(-)
270-1)N5()B3C (.23()0-)89)$!):44:;:;<=>??@)!"#+)
!NOTE 4 The dynamic factor cd may be taken as 1,0 for a) buildings not exceeding 20 m in height either
framed s with structural walls around lifts and stairs with additional masonry internal walls, or buildings
of masonry construction or timber framed housing and b) for cladding panels and elements."
!"#$)@ )L%'2(7)CM)!7)MC3)NOB0 %') '%77(7)CM)7N32 N23()%3()106(-)0-)*--(A)/+@)CM)89)$!):44:;:;<=>??@+)
(. - +"%&,"2011
!"#$"%&"' "())(*(*4:2005+A1:2010
!"#"#< J),3&52)&.*,.5&*&)8+-&.'&(KB.L(3KI),2-5.(-5.
)&1,-(-3&.)&1',-1&./(3*,)1.
9:%.; .<==<><>?@#$$AB.C"M"<.D<E. ,*&.MF
/01"315$::1?919"=3$519431"L>N1?">?"%&"' "())(*(*CDEFFG"!??1H"%
20$479"<1 4219A"
!"#"## N&*0,5./,).5&*&)8+-+-I.*0&.(4,-I>O+-5.
5+1'4(3&8&-*.(-5.*0&.1*(-5()5.5&H+(*+,-.,/.*0&.
(4,-I>O+-5.(33&4&)(*+,-.
9:%.; .<==<><>?@#$$AB.C"M"#.D<E. ,*&F
/01"315$::1?919":1#0$9">?"%&"' "())(*(*CDEFFG"!??1H"%"20$479"<1"
4219A
!"#"#M !1788&*)+3.(-5.3,2-*&)(3*+-I.')&112)&1.(-5.
/,)3&1.P.*0&.)&')&1&-*(*+,-.,/.*,)1+,-(4.&//&3*1.
52&.*,.(-.+-34+-&5.O+-5.,).4(3K.,/.3,))&4(*+,-.
9:%.; .<==<><>?@#$$AB.Q"<"#.D#E. ,*&F
Licensed copy:Ramboll UK Ltd, 22/09/2011, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
)/" .".4
!"#$ 1 )#5()B3(7723().07N30&2N0C-)75CP-)0-)N5()M0123()07)MC3)B3C.2 0-1) C2-N(3; 'C TP07()NC370C-+
!NOTE 2 Net pressure coefficients should be similarly distributed to derive torsional loads."
+"%&,"2011 - (M
!"#$"%&"' "())(*(*4:2005+A1:2010
!"#"#? ;//&3*1.,/.+3&.(-5.1-,O.
9:%.; .<==<><>?@#$$AB.Q"<"M.D<EF
$"699>#>$?67"L4>96?51">2"L>N1?">?"#0>2" 6#>$?67"!??1HA"
%&"' "())B*B*("L>N12"L4>96?51"8$3"76##>51"2#345#4312Q"8$3"$#013"
2#345#4312R"2=15>67>2#"69N>51"20$479"<1"2$4L0#A
!"#"#A J),3&52)&./,).5&*&)8+-+-I.*0&.&T*&)-(4.
')&112)&.3,&//+3+&-*./,).4,(5&5.()&(1.
L&*O&&-.<.8#.(-5.<$.8#.
9:%.; .<==<><>?@#$$AB.Q"#"<.D<E. ,*&.#F
%&"' "())(*(*CDEFFG"K>L431"MAE"20$479"?$#"<1"4219A
E"6?9"
=1R("N67412"20$479"<1"4219"8$3"7$6919"63162"( : =1R(F"N67412"20$479"
<1"4219"8$3"7$6919"63162"S(":EA
!"#"#C U24&1./,).H&4,3+*7.')&112)&.5+1*)+L2*+,-.,-.
4&&O()5.(-5.1+5&.O(441.
9:%.; .<==<><>?@#$$AB.Q"#"#.D<EF
Licensed copy:Ramboll UK Ltd, 22/09/2011, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
/01"315$::1?919"3471"20$479"<1"4219"6?9"#01"=3122431"9>2#3><4#>$?"
20$479"<1"6224:19"#$"<1"4?>8$3:"$N13"#01"O0$71"01>L0#A
!"#"#Q V(42&1.,/.&T*&)-(4.')&112)&.3,&//+3+&-*1./,).
H&)*+3(4.O(441.,/.)&3*(-I24()>'4(-.L2+45+-I1.
9:%.; .<==<><>?@#$$AB.Q"#"#.D#E. ,*&.<F
!BS EN 1991-1-4:2005, Table 7.1 should not be used. Table NA.4
should be used to derive values of external pressure coefficients for
walls for the various zones shown in BS EN 1991-1-4:2005,
Figure 7.5.
(P - +"%&,"2011
!"#$"%&"' "())(*(*4:2005+A1:2010
1.2
Net pressure coefficient
1.1
0.9
0.8
0.1 1 10
h/d
NOTE The figure is based on the following equations.
For 5 > (h/d) > 1,00, coefficient = 1,1 + 0,1243 ln(h/d);
For 1 > (h/d) > 0,25, coefficient = 1,1+ 0,2164 ln(h/d)
Where net pressure coefficients are used for overall loading, cladding
pressures should be derived using pressure coefficients in Table NA.4
and the additional notes a) to f) as appropriate."
+"%&,"2011 - ()
!"#$"%&"' "())(*(*4:2005+A1:2010
0,2
hp/e=0,1 1,85 1,3 0,7 0,2
0,2
hp/e ≥ 0,20 1,4 1,0 0,7 0,2
0,2
Curved eaves r/e = 0,05 1,05 1,2 0,4 0,2
0,2
r/e = 0,10 0,75 0,8 0,3 0,2
0,2
r/e = 0,20 0,55 0,55 0,3 0,2
0,2
Mansard eaves a = 30° 0,95 1,0 0,3 0,2
0,2
a = 45° 1,2 1,3 0,4 0,2
0,2
a = 60° 1,35 1,25 0,6 0,2
0,2
NOTE 1 For roofs with parapets or curved eaves, linear interpolation may be used for intermediate values of hp/h
and r/h.
NOTE 2 For roofs with mansard eaves, linear interpolation between a = 30°, 45° and a = 60° may be used. For
a > 60° linear interpolation between the values for a = 60° and the values for flat roofs with sharp eaves may be
used.
NOTE 3 In Zone I, where positive and negative values are given, both values shall be considered.
NOTE 4 For the mansard eave itself, the external pressure coefficients are given in Table 7.4a) “External pressure
coefficients for duopitch roofs: wind direction 0°”, Zone F and G, depending on the pitch angle of the mansard eave.
NOTE 5 For the curved eave itself, the external pressure coefficients are given by linear interpolation along the
curve, between values on the wall and on the roof.
NOTE 6 For mansard eaves with horizontal dimension less than e/10, the values for sharp eaves should be used.
For the definition of e see Figure 7.6
"
./ + ,"%&-"2011
!"#$"%&"' "())(*(*4:2005+A1:2010
!Table NA.6a) External pressure coefficients for monopitch roofs (Cpe,10 and Cpe,1)
Pitch angle a Zone for wind direction h = 0° Zone for wind direction h = 180°
F G H F G H
NOTE 1 At h = 0° (see Table NA.5) the pressure changes rapidly between positive and negative values around a
pitch angle of a = +5° to +45°, so both positive and negative values are given. For those roofs, two cases should be
considered: one with all positive values, and one with all negative values. No mixing of positive and negative
values is allowed on the same face.
NOTE 2 Linear interpolation for intermediate pitch angles may be used between values of the same sign. The
values equal to 0,0 are given for interpolation purposes.
Table NA.6b) External pressure coefficients for monopitch roofs (Cpe,10 and Cpe,1)
Fup Flow G H I
NOTE Linear interpolation for intermediate pitch angles may be used between values of the same sign. The values
equal to 0,0 are given for interpolation purposes.
"
,"%&-"2011 + .(
!"#$"%&"' "())(*(*4:2005+A1:2010
!Table NA.7a) External pressure coefficients for duopitch roofs (Cpe,10 and Cpe,1)
F G H I J
NOTE 1 At h = 0° the pressure changes rapidly between positive and negative values on the windward face around
a pitch angle of a = 5° to +45°, so both positive and negative values are given. For those roofs, four cases should
be considered where the largest or smallest values of all areas F, G and H are combined with the largest or smallest
values in areas I and J. No mixing of positive and negative values is allowed on the same face.
NOTE 2 Linear interpolation for intermediate pitch angles of the same sign may be used between values of the
same sign. (Do not interpolate between a = +5° and a = 5°, but use the data for flat roofs in 7.2.3). The values
equal to 0,0 are given for interpolation purposes.
"
22 + ,"%&-"2011
!"#$"%&"' "())(*(*4:2005+A1:2010
! Table NA.7b) External pressure coefficients for duopitch roofs (Cpe,10 and Cpe,1)
F G H I
NOTE Linear interpolation for intermediate pitch angles of the same sign may be used between values of the same
sign. (Do not interpolate between a = +5° and a = 5°, but use the data for flat roofs in BS EN 1991-1-4:2005,
7.2.3). The values equal to 0,0 are given for interpolation purposes.
"
,"%&-"2011 + 23
!"#$"%&"' "())(*(*4:2005+A1:2010
!Table NA.8 External pressure coefficients for hipped roofs (Cpe,10 and Cpe,1)
F G H I J K L M N
45° 1,4 1,0 1,0 0,7 0,7 0,4 1,1 1,0 0,9
30° 2,3 1,2 1,0 0,7 1,3 0,8 1,0 1,0 0,8
15° 2,6 1,0 0,9 0,6 1,4 1,3 0,9 0,9 0,8
15° 1,3 0,8 0,5 0,6 1,4 1,3 0,9 0,6 0,4
+0,2 +0,2 +0,2 0,6 1,4 1,3 +0,0 +0,0 +0,0
30° 0,5 0,5 0,2 0,6 1,3 0,8 1,0 0,6 0,5
+0,8 +0,5 +0,4 0,6 1,3 0,8 +0,0 +0,0 +0,0
45° 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,6 0,7 0,4 1,1 0,6 0,4
+0,8 +0,6 +0,7 0,6 0,7 0,4 +0,0 +0,0 +0,0
60° +0,8 +0,8 +0,8 0,7 0,6 0,3 1,2 0,7 0,6
75° +0,8 +0,8 +0,8 1,2 0,6 0,3 1,2 0,7 0,6
NOTE 1 At h = 0° the pressures changes rapidly between positive and negative values on the windward face at pitch
angle of a = +5° to +45°, so both positive and negative values are given. For those roofs, two cases should be
considered: one with all positive values, and one with all negative values. Positive and negative values should not be
mixed.
NOTE 2 Linear interpolation for intermediate pitch angles of the same sign may be used between values of the same
sign. The values equal to 0,0 are given for interpolation purposes.
NOTE 3 The pitch angle of the windward face always will govern the pressure coefficients.
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!For simplicity, upper bound values of the force coefficient Cfp for
piers may be taken from Table NA.12. These values have been based
on BS EN 1991-1-4:2005, 7.6 using an end-effect factor in
accordance
" with Table NA.10 for a l value calculated with a length
= 2 × height appropriate to a cantilever."
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Circle with smooth surface where 1,5tVm(z) < 6 m /s. Also 0,75 0,78 0,82 0,84 0,91 1,00 1,09
circle with rough surface or with projections
NOTE 1 After erection of the superstructure, Cfp is to be derived for a height/breadth ratio of 40.
NOTE 2 For a rectangular pier with radiused corners, the value of Cfp derived from Table NA.12 is to be multiplied
by (1 − 2,5r/b) or 0,5, whichever is greater.
NOTE 3 For a pier with triangular nosings, Cfp is to be derived as for the rectangle encompassing the outer edges of
the pier.
NOTE 4 For a pier tapering with height, Cfp is to be derived for each of the unit heights into which the support has
been subdivided (see BS EN 1991-1-4:2005 Figure 7.4). Mean values of t and b for each unit height is to be used
to evaluate t/b. The overall pier height and the mean breadth of each unit height is to be used to evaluate height/
breadth.
NOTE 5 On relieving areas, use Fm instead of FW (See NA.2.56 ).
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Y Is orography significant? N
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Licensed copy:Ramboll UK Ltd, 22/09/2011, Uncontrolled Copy, © BSI
qp= ce (z) . q b
co (z) from Annex A of EN (obtain ce (z) from Figure NA.7)
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38 + ,"%&-"2011
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qp = c e (z) . ce,T . q b
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