“3 FRESH Concrefe iy Slump iy TemPrature ili? Unite weight Ble ecling of Cenerate Y Bartel sebling Time ane Frm. selling Time of conde Da Haden Concrefe D compressive. Shrngnt tt = Kalb Sfene D ComPrssive shenpht = 280 kg Jen woe’ Abeseyfhton = By. 4 Inder Locking Tels compressive Strongnt = Avg =Se [mm Mim = s7Mlmm> water Abesoiftion = Block olensid | 2 pva = 370 APPevaink fation = Avg eatin 0: Min = 0°98+ CBR wing Penetration ASTI = 1883 —— &S4Y ——7Jo AsuRTi * cBR SOB —— tas~ cB 63 1371 -"- ie 4 — as _ gs Se —- go Cee Flonger 19 35mm Svbgrad CBR = 30 min 3B Bose of 987. 26S min SUB - BASE ad [00% 280 ~, mm (# Tye of S08 a) WWE A WE BR TYRE gwomm Yo.e mm goomm $ Densit| = BlOgle mm + SP. fer s B20 gfe wr) # dose of Ang hess = Yo f mex * Send Equitet v 25% mm Pheste ‘Trolex \\ by. max(Aspyne Test @ AD Comb) pewsits (Trt Mie) CD KGr0snd) (Hosni. Thee PRe gry oF i " @D WIM) voidert in Mix (EIDLVHA) voideh in mioewl Avonte | (MARSHAL TBEWBIR I fic with of Mowshal SSD WIGR — wigs of wate (PY (VEB) voider in fitted with Bijomen = a “cok penbity = AiR weignr of core WD sttness Yobm ef corE seta ete Lett In + weight in Aix , Weigh in Aic— Within weber ea eM — Weight in AX weightin weter UES GMM GMb 06 i GMM loo -_ Ps ixgamb Conk] Agdvets voides) veton fle = Sb Peurta — prey fe Sandin cone TREE Parentage of Aayear Masshadl DENSITY OSB = Combine Wet Densitif -— weigh of compacted Sei Wolof piotd MolghuRE canted = welgik of wet SoiL—wiqt of syst i LTA of DEY Sot a oR EOP Helvans@ emiyades.nvtae Oe WF & wer vende = wiguhet soil cor : Hels wigdee Sand Dake stew qrevit] of AQqrects Fret density ABD X 190GENERAL SPEOUFICATION FOR ROAD WORKS Maximum allowable temperature forall typesioficoncrete is 32° 7 Maximum allowable fall of Pouring is 2m, Maximum eliowabie tiie is 2s after batehing. Water'adding:should nat be allowed, i : ete “é Normally "OPC" is used for structures and ‘spe ‘Ts used for substructures, * Normal typ¢ of mix’s)-do/20 4) 30/20 ¢) 25/20 a) 20/20, Where 40 Is the compressive strength and 203s the fidRimum size. of aggregate used, “ Wet mix & Road hase 7) Minimum Car shatitd be s0@t009 compaction, 8) Notrially moisture content should be in between 4.5% and'6.5%. (2286 oF oN) 5) Nottnal grading is 70% ageregate andl 30% sond (Smim downsize), 10) rushed aggrégate isuused in Wet mix aid natural agetegatisis used'in Road base, ‘Mj Minimum compaction requiredis:9356 Prime coat WMC 70{one. somplex15000 liter) 22) Average rate of application should b80.7—25 Iiter/me OdSied pest rel 12) Application termperatureshould be S0°e.- 80, curing ne 84s 14} eshall notappiy blow 23% amblerit temperature, sluring rain, sond'storm, fogete , ; 15) GU back asphalt (ree typacr cutback aschalte) sceslow Surin b) Mc medium cating eR =a curing) Tack coat SS1/ (one somple/26000 liter} r 10) Aewrage fate of application should be0.3-~0.4 theya?, oS gla 17) Application temperature should’ he 10% 8055, curing time ig 2Hrs. (eter laying ssahatl unit getting, tackiness: aed ~ * Asphalt ~ 19) Mixtypes.are dense bitaméei fhacadam 8 asphaltic concrete (stiff rite) Bitumen used 9} 40/50 8}: BOr70, 20) Normal.asphaltic layer thiehnesss GaSe course=6~-10c, Song courses «Bes Wsring course 24) Normal aggregate site BC=37.5mm &idown, BIC25min Rdown, We=19me Bdotin, 22) Required compaction pase wourses87% - 197.8%, binding eoureesa72 at 2%, Weating course=9895 193.9 23) Allowable surface. temperature before laying: asphalt = 18°C Min, Batching temperatiire =163%0 (Min, 34) layieg temperature «235% -163"c, Breakdown temperature =120%¢- 249% 25) Temperature in joints should ba 90% Mig. 26) Intonatidina joints tem, OMetIap should be maintained, 27) All longitudinal and transverse joint xhouly cut vertical. And-clean the eut face, 28) Asphalt laying and roling should do from lower ‘upper, 23) Modifies ‘@sphalt to increase stiffness 10% to 45% themcrete i mixed: With bitumen while ‘balchivg, itatsa increase stabiliny. = 3076 iow the numer aif passes recuienGENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR ROAD WORKS 59) All-the services shouilé be below'90em frorm'the FRI (Finish Road Level). 50) Less than 90¢m below FRL should te protected with eoricrete, 61) Duets above the spetitication level shall be bedded and Surrounded with 150mm concrete, (62) Normal use: Future duct or Spars uct, split duet, proposed duct, ‘ised for ducts, Dia: From 100mm to as required, #64) Mandrel test aid pressure test to ‘be conducted to confiran duct is clear and thereis to leakage, 5) Test pressure-shall be 1.5times. Of the rhaxtinum working pressure, during pressure tast. '66) During backtil warring tape shall be instalieg over buried pipes (e00mm below ground level) £7) A ducts shall he provided with standard! color drawcat! and) standard duct markers, 58) Trench backfil shall be with approved materat in 1Sem compacted layers. Miscellaneous ; \ ‘62) Embankment should be in aS¢m compacted layers. ceil ot ‘sting Wiateral ta be 13%¢at formation level 70}; If the temperatiire ‘in-conerete is. 3326, the conorete wil 71) Use-of sea line watér to be avoided in construction ‘and-compaction works, 72) Trali trénches’to be made to find existing services, 73) Constriction areas to be checked with-cable detector to relocate: existing. sarvices.. 7A} Reference point for all trenches te be taken from STD bench marks, 75)-For trenches where water table is igh dewatering pump tobe ‘used, + 78) Before-laying pipe‘iies 15cen bedding sand to be used, : 77) Curing shall do minimum Pays for ll concrete works, 78) Foremergencies. curing compound isallowed to proceed for further, 78) 25min grouting stall be done for base ‘of storm water manholes, 80) GRP'= Giass Reinforced Plastic, 84) GRP liner to be provided for all-sewer. ‘manholes.(Min; 7m-thicknessin'thres tayers) +82) Rocks fill ayers filter aggregate} to be usedin toad Construction, where water table is high, pplication of 83) Road marking materials: - Rate Gfapplication of Glass beads=0.5 ka/in?, Rate of ay ‘thermo plastic material = 0.4 0:5 ke/m?,, Thickness of thermo plasticmaterial=1.2:88mm.° Sue tebe ul Mathie” 84) Trenches more.than 1m deep shall be protected with-sheet piles (Shoring). {of to 83) Construction sites should be secured with cones, barriers, and warning tapes, & Lat 86) Temporary-diversion sigh boards, flash lights should be installed. hapa Equipments used are 87) Farth works :~ Grader, shovel, back how, state roller & vibrator foller 88) Asphalt works: -Paver, STH(Steel Tardera Roller), PTR (Poeummatfe tre Roller) 88) Others: - Transit mixet, spray tanker, bob cat, duniber, baby roller, 90). Equiptients tis in asphalt works-should be ‘fr8e fiom leakage of off & diesel, 2 Light aol mbnnen test, Destheedton est © vu "a Bail DINTERNATIONAL STANDARD CODES FOR LABORATORY TESTING +)Serial TEST DESCRIPTION INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS No. Ison: AASHTO ASTM Bs Others 1_|sampting 187 0-75 1377-2 = 2__ [Moisture Content of 7-265 D-2216 1377-2 : 3 _ [Particle Size Distribution (Sieve analysis) 1-88 D422 1377-2 = 4 [Plastic Limit 7-89 4318 1377-2 : 5 [Liquid Limit 1-90 D-4318 1377-2 - 6 _|Sand Equivalent value TA76 D-2419 1377-2 = 7_|Specific Gravity 7-100 D-854 1377-2 - 8 _ |MDD/OMC Relationship (Standard Proctor) 1-99 0-698 1377-4 = 9 _|MDD/OMC Relationship (Modified Proctor ) T:180 D-1557 1377-4 : 10 _|California Bearing Ratio (CBR) 1193, D-1883 1377-4 = 11 _|in-situ Density Test (FDT) 1191 0-1556 1377-9 = Field Determination of Water (Moisture) Content 12 _|of Soil by the Calcium Carbide Gas Pressure T2017 D-4944 : - Tester Method |AGGREGATES 13 [Sampling & Reducing Sample T2/7248[ 75 812-102 : 14 [Moisture Content 7.255 C566 812-109 : 15 _|Particle Size Distribution (Sieve analysis) 1:27 C136 812-103. - 16 _|Fakiness index 7 - 812-105. - 17_ [Elongation index : - 812-105.2 - 18 _|Specific Gravity & Absorption of Fine Agg. 84 18 812-2 = 19 _|Specific Gravity & Absorption of Course Agg, 7-85 127 812-2 - 20_[Sand Equivalent Vaiue 1-176 D-2419 - : 21_[Clay Lumps & Friable Particles TA12 142 = - 22_|Thin & Elongation Particles in Course Age. - D-4794 - - 23 [Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV) = D-5821 812-110 - 24 [Aggregate Soundness Test 7-404 C88 812-121 - 25 _|Los Angeles Abrasion 796 | c-131/6-535 = = 26_ [Aggregate Crushed Faces : : 7 : 27 _[Bulk Density & Voids in Age. ( Unit Weigh) TAS €-29 : = [CONCRETE 28 _|Sampling of Fresh Concete Tadi C172 1881-101 | EN 12350-1 29 [Slump Test & temperature T1i9 C143 1881-102 | EN 12350-2 20 _{fresh Concrete Unit Weight, Yield & Air Content [T-121/1-182[ _C-138 _heat-106 /10}eN 123506 /7 31_|Fresh Concrete Bleeding Test TA58 6-232 - = 32_| Making & Curing Concrete Specimen in Lab, 7-126 C192 fiaei-108 /114 EN 12390-2 33__| Making & Curing Concrete Specimen in Field - C131 fgsi-108 /114 EN 12390-210, 1 12. 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21. 22. 23. 24, 2. 26. 2. 28. 29. 30. 32, 34. 365, 36. ASPHALT @ What are the duties of a Materials Engineer Explain the procedure for mix design of HMA. Which method you use for design of HMA \What five test values are plotted on curves when preparing a Marshall Mix Design? — How many blows per end of a Marshall Specimen are required when preparing Marshall Specimen? 35°28: J 9) Upheaval. Upheaval is the localized displacement of a pavement due to the swelling ofthe sub grade, It is most commonly causad by ice expansion inthe granular courses bensath the pavement orin the sub grade, Upheaval is also be caused by the swelling offect of moisture on expansive soit Ravaling: Raveling is the progressive loss of surface material by weathering and or trafic abrasion, Usually the fine aqgragate wears ava fist leaving litle pock mars in the pavement surface. As erosion continues larger particle eventually break free and ‘he pavernent soon has the rough and jagged appearence typical of surface erosion. Raveling is caused by poor construction methods infetior aggregates or poor mix design, Bleeding or Flushing: Bleeding or Flushing isthe presence of excess asphalt ora film of asphalt on the pavement surface, Pavement courses having rich asphalt mixes improperiy constructed seal coats, or too heavy @ primer or tack coat may form bleeding and flushing. Over weight trafic can force or fush the asphelt to the surface of he paverentin hot weather, Bleeding: A mixture having a high asphalt contets with voids completely filed with asphalt mass provides the ulimate in durblity, however ths would be undesirable from the stand point of stably. When placed in the road wey the pavement would channel and creep under traf, ‘leeding or fshing of asphalt would aso take plac. Hleilty: The abilty of Asphait paving mix which conform with gradual settement and ‘movements ofthe base and the sub base, Thus itis aimost possibe to develop uniform 2 years’ experience in Construction field Pakistan. ® Strong ability to meet and deal tactfully and courteously with fellow employees and vendors/contractors. > In-depth ability to perform various clean-up and maintenance tasks as needed. > Experienced in construction surveying management and site activities. > Well known using of survey instruments. > Having very well command in English & can do self-Correspondence. > Having lot of experience in Various Roads, Drainage, Underpass, pipe line and Building projects. > Having vast experience in setting out of layout on site, leveling works and fixing of new control points. > Capable to do measurement of Construction materials, Concrete structures etc. > Profound knowledge of the various engineering drawings and terminologies. > Skilled to work in accordance to the safety procedures. Having Three year Diploma of Civil Engineer r from Punjab Board of Technical Education, Lahore, Pakistan. Having certificate in Computer’s Applications from Petroman computer ‘Training Institute 57, Shadman LHR Pakistan Personal Information: Nationality Pakistani Date of Birth February_10_1991 Languages : Urdu, English & workable Arabic Visa Status Visat Visa (Syed Waqas Hussain shah Ass Survey) Page 1nent eenenenastnannantnanananennnntetntennenennnnnnneennnntnnnntnwennny ° 2016 to 2018 CHINA CONSTRUCTII "ANY In Pakistan Client : Naspak Contractor Cage China Position Assistant Surveyor Project. : Road and Bridge Responsibilities ‘MORE THEN 2 YEAR'S EXPERIENCE IN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY Perform duties related to land surveying for identifying land ownership and property boundaries. Conduct records management activities and perform historical and legal land ownership research. Develop and inspect land surveying project contracts. Support field measurement and layout. Conduct standard calculations to identify areas, elevation and volumes of field survey notes. Conduct basic calculations using field note data. Read, utilize and interpret design drawings and topographic maps. Study, learn and interpret CAD computer applications. Perform as Senior Project Leader for survey at in-house and mapping projects. Support Real Estate Product Line coordinator and in-house design group. Perform as cadastral issue matter expert as team member. Perform as Contracting Officer Technical Representative (COTR) for Architect-Engineer. Involve in implementing mapping contracts and Indefinite Quality (IQ) surveying. Provide vertical and horizontal control maps and government cost estimate for mapping and survey projects. : ‘A proactive, adaptable and conscientious engineering professional with more than 2 years? experience having the ability to reach targeted goals and have established the reputation as a dependable and accountable employee. Skilled in possessing excellent analytical and appraisal skills, Contributed towards delivering effective communication deals to build a trusted self-brand and position the organization required objectives, Skillful to carryout project effectively in sophisticated management environment, gained diverse experience of project. oe ere EEE (Syed Wagas Hussain shah Ass Surveyor Page 2poowennne Mob No: +971568492572 Mob No: +923319227259 EMail : syedwaqasshah715@gmail.com Syed Wagas Hussain Shah Asst.Surveyor ive: Strong desire to affect my potential and capabilities to achieve good results comprehensive 2 years of experienced (Pakistan) as Land Surveyor, holding Diploma who is keen to find a position in Land surveying or any related job. Hardworking and reliable with excellent interpersonal skills, Ability to quickly assimilate information and practically technical skills. Able to work individually o as part a team, > 2 years’ experience in Construction field Pakistan. » Strong ability to meet and deal tactfully and courteously with fellow employees and vyendors/contractors. In-depth ability to perform various clean-up and maintenance tasks as needed. Experienced in construction surveying management and site activities. Well known using of survey instruments. Having very well command in English & can do self-Correspondence. Having lot of experience in Various Roads, Drainage, Underpass, pipe line and Building projects. Having, vast experience in setting out of layout on site, leveling works and fixing of new control points, Capable to do measurement of Construction materials, Concrete structures ete. Profound knowledge of the various engineering drawings and terminologies. Skilled to work in accordance to the safety procedures. vuvVVY vvy Qualification: Having Three year Diploma of Civil Engineer r from Punjab Board of Technical Education, Lahore, Pakistan, Having certificate in Computer's Applications from Petroman computer Training Institute 57, Shadman LHR Pakistan Personal Information: Nationality : Pakistani Date of Birth : February_10_1991 Languages : Urdu, English & workable Arabic Visa Status : Visat Visa iSyed Wagas Hussain shah Ass Surveyor Page |[oe rrerereennnasnnnnnnnannnenannenrennmmmennnnnnntsnanarensntnnnnncnsssnnnnnnnnsnee Professional rience * 2016 to 2018 CGGC CHINA CONSTRUCTIION COMPANY In Pakistan Client : Naspak Contractor =: Cage China Position Assistant Surveyor Project Road and Bridge } ies 4 MORE THEN 2 YEAR’S EXPERIENCE IN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY ' Perform duties related to land surveying for identifying land ownership and property boundaries, i Conduct records management activities and perform historical and legal land ownership 4 research, } Develop and inspect land surveying project contracts. i Support field measurement and layout. 4 Conduct standard calculations to identify areas, elevation and volumes of field survey notes. t Conduct basic calculations using field note data. t Read, utilize and interpret design drawings and topographic maps. t Study, learn and interpret CAD computer applications, i Perform as Senior Project Leader for survey at in-house and mapping projects. 4 Support Real Estate Product Line coordinator and in-house design group. Perform as cadastral issue matter expert as team member. Perform as Contracting Officer Technical Representative (COTR) for Architect-Engincer. ' Involve in implementing mapping contracts and Indefinite Quality (IQ) surveying. { Provide vertical and horizontal control maps and government cost estimate for mapping and 4 | | i 4 j survey projects. About Me ‘A proactive, adaptable and conscientious engineering professional with more than 2 years’ experience having the ability to reach targeted goals and have established the reputation as a dependable and accountable employee. Skilled in possessing excellent analytical and appraisal skills, Contributed towards delivering effective communication deals to build a trusted self-brand and position the organization 5, Skillful to carryout project effectively in sophisticated management environment, required obje: gained diverse experience of project. (Syed Wagas Hussain shan Ass Surveyor Page 2Mob No: +971563492572 Mob No: +928319227259 ' E Mall : syedwagasshah7 15@gmail.com Syed Wagas Hussain Shah Asst.Surveyor Career Objective: Strong desire lo affect my potential and capabilities to achieve good results comprehensive 2 years of experienced (Pakistan) as Land Surveyor, holding Diploma who is keen to find a position in Land surveying or any related job. Hardworking and reliable with excellent interpersonal skills. Ability to quickly assimilate information and practically technical skills, Able to work individually or as part a team. Summary of Experience > 2 years’ experience in Construction field Pakistan, > Strong ability to meet and deal tactfully and courteously with fellow employees and vendors/contractors. > In-depth ability to perform various clean-up and maintenance tasks as needed. > Experienced in construction surveying management and site activities. > Well known using of survey instruments, > Having very well command in English & can do self-Correspondence. > Having lot of experience in Various Roads, Drainage, Underpass, pipe line and Building projects. > Having vast experience in setting out of layout on site, leveling works and fixing of new control points. > Capable to do measurement of Construction materials, Concrete structures etc. > Profound knowledge of the various engineering drawings and terminologies. > Skilled to work in accordance to the safety procedures. Qualification: Having Three year Diploma of Civil Engineer r from Punjab Board of Technical Education, Lahore, Pakistan, Having certificate in Computer’s Applications from Petroman computer Training, Institute 57, Shadman LAR Pakistan Personal Information: i i i t i i Nationality Pakistani Date of Birth February_10_1991 Languages Urdu, English & workable Arabic Visa Status :— Visat Visa en neon one (Syed Wagas Hussain shah Ass Surveyor) Page!eee * 2016 to 2018 CGGC CHINA CONSTRUCTIION COMPANY In Pakistan Client : Naspak Contractor. Cgge China Position Assistant Surveyor Project : Road and Bridge Responsibilities ‘MORE THEN 2 YEAR'S EXPERIENCE IN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY Perform duties related to land surveying for identifying land ownership and property boundaries. Conduct records management activities and perform historical and legal land ownership research, Develop and inspect land surveying project contracts. Suppor’ field measurement and layout. Conduct standard calculations to identify areas, elevation and volumes of field survey notes. Conduct basic calculations using field note data. Read, utilize and interpret design drawings and topographic maps. Study, learn and interpret CAD computer applications Perform as Senior Project Leader for survey at in-house and mapping projects. Support Real Estate Product Line coordinator and in-house design group. Perform as cadastral issue matter expert as team member. Perform as Contracting Officer Technical Representative (COTR) for Architect-Engineer. Involve in implementing mapping contracts and Indefinite Quality (IQ) surveying Provide vertical and horizontal control maps and government cost estimate for mapping and Survey projects. About Me :- A proactive, adaptable and conscientious engineering professional with more than 2 years’ experience having the ability to reach targeted goals and have established the reputation as a dependable and accountable employee. Skilled in possessing excellent analytical and appraisal skills, Contributed towards delivering effective communication deals to build a trusted self-brand and position the organization required objectives, Skillful to carryout project effectively in sophisticated management environment, gained diverse experience of project. a (Syed Wagas Hussain shah Ass Surveyor) Poge 2 | t | i I i | | i | |Commonly Asked Questions & Answers For Matori i Inspectors Mie, (1) How you wil prove an asphatt mix design? Answer, Complete workout frm quatiy jest of aggregete, percentage of course in fhe, Wr‘abe Eiken, tia nab, at ar, at ao standard joo format, 5 42) What you will check before laying @ mix? Atiswer: “Térap, of enix, woathor conditions Satna a _ Answer: ‘itis mare shining or bur. (8) (e) 7 8 8) % Angwer: ‘ea our is 10 asphaltic mix when the tomperatures reach ts 180°,C7 ad 5 : Hosrgou wil obadive that the mix is nat good? ¥ How you will check a good qualty of agyregatos? Answer: Sp. Gravity, ACViAgg euate crushing value) Soundness, LAAffoss angeles Abrasion} ‘Which aggregatos are of better quality by origin? Answer: Crashed aygregate from vad, Chished agg from igneous, metamorphosed rocks, ‘What is the effective sephalt content : Answer, Pbe=Ph ~ [taps] here Poe =tfecive asphalt content, Poa = Absorted (itnen, Pl = Biman conten, Ps = Aggragsto conten) How you wal design a concrete mix? Answer: Compete workout fr quality tess of Aggragals both couse & fe, kb tra, + She Wal & evaluato of job mix formula, ee What youiy check before pouring ‘ Answer: Temperature, slump $ fee slump is 20cmn instead! of 40cm, what you vill do? ” Answer: Walt forsamelime FA {tthe slump is toss, wil you add water? ” fay Answer; No What is 30/207 Answer: 30's required min, be used Strength Nim? ,20 1s max slze in mm of aggragate to 4(13) What teste your parform foratoel? Answer Yield strength, tensile strength, ending and rebending, chemical lalysis as per BS 444g, a (4 Whatdo you mean by OG, Site, MBHO7— Answer: Ordinary Portand, sulphate resisling Portiend coment, moderate sulphate resistant coment, (55) How you wil perform CBR, what is GBR? ‘Arawer: Califoria beeting raio Is a meesure of shearing resistance of the material Under controlled densty & mostue concifons, (37) What is difference between wet mix and ‘sagregate road base? Answer: “Wot mixed is mixed at plant & eid at site with Paver and Agg. Road base 's mxod at site and tad with grader. (48) How you will approve a matora for sub grade? Answer: WPL, CBR & Chernical Test results ars OK (18) What oro inital and final sstting time of coment? Answer: @0- 800 min, Ge How much iime ls requited ‘after mixing concrete? ‘Answer: One hour, san ba creased upo wo hours ‘depending upon workabifty cera ‘established by lab trials, (21) Send equivaient ‘Ansner Sand equivalent gles proportion of fos, Cay and dust by volume, (22) via ‘Ansivar: Voids in Mineral Aggragates (25) Whatis sue Answer: It's combination of bitumon & blended. ‘ggrogato with such a proportions feat meets all spocied requirements ike voids st ity, flow, density {oliowing the prescribed procedures for testing } What is Compaction required for Bic & Wic? 7 ° Answer: BIC Wie 898% min,pa 27) Soundness ‘Avowor: W aparegaes are unsound thay Wi brook easy & galas densi. a) Aggregates sampling ‘ower, As por ASTM 0-75 {@9) Density cost? : Answer: To evaluate the compaction efforts in terms ef % to the maximum dy tensity. (80) Asphalt layer Answer: A.C Base Course., Binder Course, Wooring Coursa v (G1) How you chock stockpile? ~ as per ASTM D 75, ASTM DO70 200 Ausner, As per ASTM D-75.-~ Yon {hasbhalt temperature les than 195°C whet you wil do? itney be only 1C lee ‘han minimum Tinie? ‘rsnar: norm tothe senior, while the same can bs recommended fr lying only {he mattr is that broekdovm roling should start immediatly to trap thy dareberature with less weter sprinkling on drums, itl mote PTR rolling effort to be done. « (83) Whatis the concrete temperature? Answer: Maximum 32°C 4 It concrete shimp is nol OK, what you will do? Answer: Refeat ~ G5) How you lake asphalt sample, explain? Answer: As per ASTM 0.878, behind paver diagonally from thrae locations in ‘square shape for sufficient quantity up to bottom layer. (35) How you make field densiy fest. if eontactor cheat you, how can you caloh? Answer: As per 88-1977, Part 8, I the other leals shows elferent ross on same ‘ea, then something is wrong. 37) Explain proctor mathe. Answer: As per 88-4377, Part 4 & How you check tack coat and what is mit? Answer: 0.30.8 LN, by placing hard board while time of sprayings (38) How many layer of wet mix maoadam road base’? Answer: { layer ata lime aay ttre te of asphalt paving what will the temperature’of asphalt mix? 3“ S08) SH (50) et) 82) Answer: 135°C 163°C tthe temperature ls below the 420°C then wat you wil do? ‘Anawer: Rejects 4 the temperature lo mote the 185°C what! You wil 467 "Gah you wolt te temperature some down? * Answer: No, Rejected, you have to stort the asphelt paving whet you will do frst? “newar: Sto Cleaing, Check Mix Temperature, al requed equipments shoud bo in 008 verkng conditon, wile weethor aoreltion should be favorable mean not. windy rainy, ‘How many layers of asphalt? Answer: Single layer ata tine (Can you pave the two layers te. base course and binder course together? Answer: Nov I You check te asphel temperature and you found that Is more 189° and you ave ok 079 0 low hi fo paving, the Contactor compleined fo your fighe officer engioer ne Gharge thatthe temperature is within te limit, Rwil take some tie. Afer sume tus tho temporature come down, what you will do? Answer! Check the mix burnt or not? From which point you willstart the asphalt? ~ Lower side Answer, Lower side {you are using SRC at one time thats not avaitabie and the work ts very important ‘did you allow any other brand of cement? Answer: No ‘What is the rate of sparojof prime coat? Z Answer: 07-ASLM, “temp. $0 — Bo *C What the rate of tack coat and temperature of tack coat al the te sprey? Answer: 0.3-O8UNF - Temp. 10°C- 60°C What is plastic timit? Answer! A molsture content at which sof! start crumbling when making thread 3mm Dia What Is plastic index? Answer: Numerical difference between liquid limit and plastic timit(53) (54) (65) (68) 6 vs) - 63) (60) vO (83) 9) (68) (66) ‘What's the difereice between mocitied and standard proctor? Anawer: Both proctor methods are used fo determina the max dry densities for heavy & light trafic rouds respectively, Mould dia ara 1624 & 100 mmm, While rammnar vt aret0 & 5 Ibs respectively, Number of layers ara S & ‘hile blows nor layer are 66 & 25 respectively, I plasty Index fe more that 8% what wi! happen? Answer: Shrinkage of sol wil increase. Do you know Marshall stability? Answar: Yes, Iti resistance to deformation of Narehall specimen Units N KN. Do you know asphalt mfx casign? Answer, Yes /No, if yes then explain ‘Whatis the bitumen content? ‘Anser: Optimum asphalt content cescribed by job mix formula ‘Whats the water cement ratio? ‘Answer: Weter divided by the coment used in desiyncubic metar How much cements used in 30/207 Answer 310Kgs./ M' min, ‘What is meant by 20/907 Anstier: Compressive stength / normal sie of aggregate How witlyou ehaok mix an the concrete on-site ater § hours? Answer: Not possible ‘After checking temperature of concreto and slump what wil youdo? Answer: If Kis okay, allow for pouring ‘What are the three basic types of soils prevalent Intha UAE? Answar: KA, A-3, A? ‘Whats the average desth below grourd level of wateron the island? Answer: 0,7 ~1.0 Meter, What so the apbreviatons lL. and P.L. & PJ. ard haw do you calouate Porn them? Anseret: Liquid tii, plastc Imi, plastic ily Index. Plis the dfference bw LL & PL. At what dia should the soit thread crumble when cersying out the PL. test? Answer: 3mmen (68) (69) 7) a7) G2) 3) (74) (78) (78) an (78) ‘Atwhat temperature should tho drying oven in the iaboratory be kept for sot testing? Answer: 11045°6 ‘ioutt you cary cut # waehed grading on 20mm single siee aggregate? ‘Answer: Yes for dust content ‘What ato the three 8G obtained when you porform a SG test for aggregates? Answer: Bull dry, S8D(Saturated surface dry) & Apparent epectic; ‘gravity ‘What compaction methad isfvas used to find out the mavimum dry donsily of subbase mares used inthe last projact on which you warked? lve te numberof layers number What do the abbreviations MWO, MDD and OMG mean? ‘Answer: Maximum Wet Dansiy, Maximum Dry density, Optimum Moisture Content Howdo you calculate MDD and MWD? Answer; WOD=[ WorDonsity xi? J, MWD = We Mofsture sorte +100 ‘el of mould ‘Thermo block are used for? () Concrete (2) Masonry K 3) Light Weight i (8) Masonry and Light Weight + Answer: Masonry & light walght Why we do loss of stability test? ‘Answer: Yo know durability of the hot mix in worst condition Witte the unts of the fllowing:- © Stablity: Newlin, Kg tH * = Flow, om © Density: gma Plotthe CBR graph penetration vs, Joad (KN Jand what is ‘the penatration rate for CBR? Answer: Penteration rate is 4.27 mmiminute ‘What's the paco rate while tasting the compression strength of feliowing:= 1) Concrete cubes 2) masonry Block 3) Paving Block Answer: 0.2~ 0.4 Nimn*# see. What is liquid limit, describe the standard? ‘Answer: & Moisture content when the soil tonds to flow from plastic state to liquid 6(79) (80) (61) (82) (63) (84) é, e esisn fate 4 state Test method is AASHTO T 90-92, ‘What fe the Toading rate ( movement) while doing stablity in marshal test? Answer: 60.8nn/ min, Describe dutfes and responsibilties of matertal Inspector? Answer Detail How to take the sample when the asphalt is compacted and the resutts in tha lab are faiting? Answer: By cut out The consistency of concrete is checked by method: (0) Loed test i) Stump test fil) indod Av) A site ‘While doing Gmm test in fab how much thme is required for suction of air by using cdmpressor 5 (35min) S-40m Gi 70-45 min_ (vp 18-28 min ~~ ive! Whita doing mistre density relatonsp tes how many blows and layor are required: ()25 i) 35. (il) 56 as por AASHTO 36, method D (Wu) 62(a8 por BS 1877, P4| Hebe cea wae eee] a | See eae ak rn 7 5 / “aro, wawnpoy “nad sy MP seas) ‘wou “Asis © ahoptin® Ub aed oMNEaIE [omens wom of of “Come rey | pean ! papers pwos | say b0)9 oman 1 repo, qr SAPeMSO PM “La * "ye * Garnay ag wy a Smee | roe re erage NOISS SSD Sysi Inspector (2) Monitor and inspect variety of construction works. (2) Perform necessary field Inspections rr {3) To Ensure that construction is confirms to the specifications, Drawings and other contract requirements, (4) Inspect and monitor construction site to ensures safety standards, (5) Reviews and examine materials delivered to site for installation. (6) Issue violation notice to contactor in case of unspecified practice. (7) Prepare daily and monthly reports, (8) Conduct final inspections and prepare snag list. Snag List:- Snag list is a list of defects in the new constructed works.erage 94% with no single value less than 90% What is the CBR of formation. A= 10% hat is the density of formation 8 gm/c.c min = What is type of embankment fil material A= Ata, Ab, of A-2-4 only at is compaction of embankment ‘A= Average 85% with no single value less than 92% Q= Whats the plasticity index for embankment ‘A= Not less than 2 and not more than 5 Q = Whats the CBR of embankment. ‘A= Not less than 10% @ 80% MDD Not less than 15% @ 95% MDD = What's the density of embankment A=1.8 gmic.c, min What is type of subgrade fil material A= A‘1 a Act b, of A-2-4 only (3 material or Dune sand not allowed ) = what is subgrade ‘A= Sub grade is borrow material 30cm in two layers lay down each layer max 16cm Q= What is PI for subgrade. Not less than 2 and nat more then § Q=Whatis the compaction of sub grade” A= Average 100% with no single value less than 98% Whats the CBR of subgrade. Not less than 30% @ 95% MDD Q=Whatis the density of subgrade. A=1.9gm/cc. min Q= Whats water soluble salt for subgrade. ‘A= Not more than 5% Q= What is aggregate base course ( Subbase ) Av Agoregate base course mix material 50.6mm down haven stone crushed or natural gravel 60% ‘aggregate and 40% borrow material 20¢m in two layers moisture content 4.5% to 6.5% density test every 300 m* as ‘A =Average 100% with no single value less than 98% Q=Whatis the density of aggregate base course A=2.00 gmic.c, min Q=Whatis the CBR of subbase_ A= 80% min 85 Q=What is Loss Angeles Abrasion of aggregate base course. ‘A= 40 max = What is Ne2So4 Soundness for ggregate base course. A= 10% max Q= What is MgSo4 Soundness for aggregate base course A= 10% maxQ = What is Liquid Limit aggregate base course A=25 max Q = What is Plastic limit aggregate base course A=4max Q = What is Sand equivalent aggregate base course A= 25 min Q=Whatis Wet mix ‘A= Wet mix s layer of mix material 15cm in one or two layers laying by paver only crushed material use wet mix will mix in the plant 70% / 30% Q= What is the CBR of Wet mix ‘A= 80% min Q=Whatis proctor test A It's the determination of the of the amount of mixing water that a soil mass can be compacted with higher density A= Bearing capacity of soil mass which is obtain by the relationship between force and penetration (Q = What is dry density The mass of dry material after drying to the constant mass at 105 °C contained in the unit volume of un dried material is called dry density What is moisture content ‘A= The mass of waler which can be removed from the soil usually by heating at 105°C expressed as a percentage of dry mass Q= What s the meaning of density ‘A= Weight divided by volume is called density or weight of per unit volume is called density = What are the purpose of compaction A= 1= Increase the shear strength of soil ecrees the permeability and water absorption decrees the settlement of embankment under repeated load rat is pumping _ cess of water in the course of pumping Q=Whatis segregation in subbase ‘A= Dus to not proper mixing of subbase Q= What is the use of geotextile fabric A= Geotextie fabric isto restrain the soil movement to provide drainage and or prevent the soil erosion As Plasticity Index, difference in moisture of soll between the liquid limit and plastic limit expressed in percentage. Formula= PI = L.L-P.L Q ‘A= Soil Erosion, is the washing or blown away (by wind or water) of the top layer of soil Q=Whatis slump test A= Itis the method of check the water content in concrete and workability of cement Q=What is cube test A= This test to determine the strength of concrete -Q=What is the temperature of water for concrete A= Temperature of water should not less than 5 °C and not more than 25°C Q= What is the require slump for concrete A= 100mm + 25mm Q=Whatis ‘height of slump and size of cone A= Height 305mm opening of cone 12mm base 203mm -Q= What is unit ‘weight of normal concrete A= 145 PCFQ= What is the ratio of water in concrete A= 0.38% to 0.50% ter how many days cube testing A= 7 days compressive strength 75% 28 days compressive strength 100% Q= What is the intial and final setting time of concrete A= Initial setting time of concrete is 45 min and final setting time is 8 hours Q= What is the time of placing concrete after mixing A= As soon as possible open not more than 45 minutes in truck mixer not more than 1.6 hours _G= What the timing temp of concrete A Qe ot less than 5°C during cold weather and not more than 32°C during hot weather = What is the ambient temp for concrete ‘A= Maximum 38 °C cement entering mixer temp max 45°C. Q= How much height that the concrete should be free falling ‘A= Normal height 4.2m max 1.5m Q= Whats penetration in hot climate. ‘A= In hot climate 60% to 70% ‘= whats penetration in cold climate In cold climate 85% to 100% Approximately how many kg conerete in 1 m® ‘A= About 2500kg ‘= How long should construction joint A= Construction joint in abutment, walls, wing walls and box culverts, shall placed at intervals not ‘acceding 9m water stop shall be used normal width 250mm Q= How many type of construction joint ‘A=1=Expansion joint (Expansion sheet will be used 2=Construction joint 3=Cold joint Construction joint {tis merely a stopping place of construction they separate the areas of conerete placed at different times and should bond new concrete to existing concrete and not permit neither horizontal nor eyigahmoverent a good quality construction joint should provide complete water tightness "Cold joint. When the placement of concrete is delayed for any reason and concrete takes it intial set cold Joint fo be occurred , wen this happen the contractor shall have to remove the previously Partially placed concrete from the form immediately Q= After how much time to remove shuttering A= Arch center = 14 days 75% strength require Centering under beam 10 days Floor slab less than 3m 4 days, Floor slab 3m to 6m 7 days Wall, columns and other vertical forms shall remove early date Q= Describe procedure in performing slump test. A= Dampen the slump cone and base Plate take fresh flowing concrete by scope or pail mix thoroughly if necessary to have a uniform past place it in three layer each layer 25 blows and lift the cone vertically in 5 second completing the test in 2.5 minutes than record the sag Q=What are the type of admixture lasticizer Retarder Accelerator Plasticizer with retarding agent lasticizer with accelerating agent F= Super plasticizer uper plasticizer with retarding agent Q = What is the use of A= It is use to increase the strength and workability and reduce the water contentQ= What is the effect of retarder in conorete ‘A= To delay the setting time of concrete and reduce the mixing water and increase the compressive strength Q=What are the purpose of curing concrete. ‘A= A= To maintain the moist environment and to prevent the escape of mixing water required for hydration process and help in the development of strength B= To prevent cracks C= To inorease strength Q= how many cylinder or cube sample are you going to get in every pouring A= One set or six pieces for every 60 m” concrete mix or fraction there of in each days pouring Q= When do you start curing concrete ‘A= Right afte final placement of concrete mix when mixing water just begun to disappear Q= What are the method of curing concrete ‘A= A= Water curing it takes 7 to 10 days Chemical compound curing it takes only one time spray = whats the effect of ime in concrete A= To accelerate strength gain Q= Desoribe the test to be done while observing concrete operation A= Az Slump test B= Cube making for test Q= What are the difference between slump test and cube test. ‘A= Slump = 3 layers each layer 25 blows Cube = 3 layer each layer 36 blows Q=What is bleeding in concrete ‘A= Its the upward movement of mixing water due to settlement of aggregate in concrete mix Q= what are the item normally check before placing concrete ‘A= No of steel bar, dia of steel bar, steel spacing, concrete cover, shuttering, cleaning, = What are the type of cracks before hardening of concrete A= = Plastic settiement cracks 2= Plastic shrinkage cracks 3 Early frost damage cracks 4= Construction movement cracks u can control concrete temperature ‘A= By adding ice, by wetting aggregate, child water using, shade down aggregate keep the aggregate shaded at evening time = Define the different finishes of concrete A= 1 Levelled and screeded 2= Wooden floated (uniform surface free from screed marks) 3+ Moisture disappear the steel trowel used fim pressure and no trowel marks 4= For bridge decks to receive approved water proofing system Q= What is the aim of concrete mix design ‘A= To define properties and the durability of the concrete to be used as per the material used and WIC ratio Q=Whatare the classes of coment mix A= K 140 minimum cement 250kg/m* water ratio w ¢ 0.50 250 minimum cement 300kg/m? water ratio w c 0.45 KK 335 minimum cement 400kg/m? water ratio w c 0.42 K 416 minimum cement 425kg/m? water ratio w c 0.42 485 minimum cement 435kg/m* water ratio w c 0.40 500 minimum cement 445kg/m? water ratio w c 0.38 15120 250 20/20 290 30/20 310 35/20 330 37/20 360 40/20 370 45/20 400A= 1= Ordinary Portland cement 2= Moderate sulphate resisting cement 3= High early strength cement 4= Low heat resisting cement igh sulphate resisting cement ‘A= Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (cement) ‘A= Bar ciameter(mm) Hole depth (em) 8 12 10 4 2 16 14 18 16 20 20 25 Elongation test Chemical test Yield testASPHALT WORKS: compaction of Base, Binder, and Wearing course” 18% to 100% (maximum 101.8%0 = What fair voids in Base, Binder, and Wearing course » A= 4% 107% Qs Whats the stably of base course = 900 kg Q= Whats the stability of binder course A= 1200 kg Q= What is the stability of wearing course A= 1800 kg = What s he sins of base course A= 400 kgimm ‘= Whats the stiffness of binder course A= 450 kgimm Q= what is the stiffness of wearing course ‘A= 450 kgimm Q= What is percent of Voids filed with asphalt bitumen in Base course (VFB) ‘A= 50 to 70% Q=Whatis VFB in binder course A= 50 to 70% Q= What is VFB in wearing course A= 55 to 70% Q= What is Void in mineral aggregate in base course (VMA) A= 13% minimum Q = What is VMA in binder course 13% minimum = What is VMIA in wearing course A= 14.5% minimum Q= What is Marshal Flow in Base, Binder, & Wearing course to4mm Q = What do you mean by VMA_ tis an inter granular space between the mineral aggregate particle Q= Whats the maximum plasticity Index for Combined Mineral Aggregate in Base & Binder Course. “What is Pl for CMA in Wearing course A=4 = What is the Los of Stability for Base, Binder, & Wearing 0% max 25% Q= What is bitumen content in base course A=3.3t04.3 Q = What is bitumen content in binder course A=3.5t04.6 Q= What is bitumen content in wearing course” A=3.51t04.6 Q = What is the rate of application of MC 70 A= 0.7 to 1,5 litter/sq.m Q= whats the temp of MC 70. A= 50°C to 80°C Q = What is the rate of RC. 2- A=0.3 to 0.6 litter/sq.m -Q= Whatis the temp of RC 2) A= 20°C =60°C Q= What is the laying temp of asphalt: A= Min 135°C and max 163°C AQ=Whatis Marshal stability test ‘A= Itis the method that cover the measurement of the resistance to plastic flow of cylindrical specimen of bituminous paving mixture loaded on the lateral surface by means of marshal apparatus the method outlines are as follows ‘Ae Bulk specific gravity determination Be Stability and flow test C= Density and void analysis Q= What is Marshal mixing temp As 160°C45°C Q= What is the Marshal compacting temp A= 148°C # 5°C ( Number of blows 75 on either side of marshal specimen ) Q=Whatis the percentage of aggregate in asphalt A= 90% to 95% Q= What is the rate of Filler in Asphalt A= 0.8% to 1.2% Q=Whatis the bitumen temp for mix. A= 150°C turen ‘A= Only 40 ~ 50 for all paving course Q=Whatis the asphalt batching temp Az 165°C to 170°C Q= Whats the break down temp or roling temp A= 120°C to 140°C Q= What is the ambient temp for asphalt A= Not less than 13°C Q=Whatis the size of aggregate for Base course 4.5 inch (38. 1mm ) r Binder course ‘A= 1 inch (25.4mm ) -Q= What's the size of Wearing course: % inch (19 mm) Q=Whatis the thickness of Base course A= 6m to 10cm Q=Whatis the thickness of Binder course. ‘A= Sem to 8 cm Q=Whatis the Thickness of Wearing course © A= 4cmto6 cm ~ “ ‘A= Medium Curing cut back grade 70 ( Liquid Asphalt ) ‘Q=What is the curing time of Prime coat ‘A= 48 hours minimum -Q= Whatis Tack coat A= Emulsified asphait ( Diluted with an equal quantity of water 1:1 Q= Whats the curing time of Tackcoat. A=2 hours minimum Q'= What is the function of Prime coat ‘A= To stabilized and waterproof the absorbent surface and to promote adhesion to the bituminous course to follow, to seal the moisture ‘A= To improve bond with super impose course ( Binding material ) Q='fthe Tack coat is more what is the effect on asphalt» ‘A= Ifthe Tack is more after some time there is bleeding in asphalt Q='f the Tack coat is more than our quantity what we ca ‘A= We can remove by hot mix, we can place hot asphalt material and after some time we can remove this‘A= Surface flow of bitumen, occur due to over spray of tack coat Q=What is segregation in asphalt. ‘A= Accumulation of aggregate Q=What is the solution of asphalt segregation ‘A= It should replace with fine mix = What is using to spray during asphalt on PTR: ‘A= Cooking ol using to separate the tyre sticking with asphalt Q=From where asphalt laying & compaction should start ‘A= From lower to upper Q= How much asphalt should lay for require thickness ‘A= Asphalt should lay 25% more for require thickness = What is the speed of paver for asphait laying, A= 3106 im min ‘Q'= What is the standard of road slope = Camber road two side slope normalt.5% & crass fall one side road normal 2.00% (Q= In which condition asphalt should not allow for laying ‘A= When weather is dusty foggy raining or existing surface is not free from dust & water ‘A= 1= Too litte compaction of the pavement course '00 much asphalt ‘Swelling of undertining course or settlement 4= Too many fine in the surface mix ‘A= The causes are mostly seem Shrinkage, Heavy traffic, Earth movement, Low air voids, High temperature = What factors effecting the compaction of asphalt A= Mix properties: 2= Mix temperature 3= Environment condition 4= Layer thickness 5= Aggregate = Asphalt Alligator cracks 2= Edge cracks 3 Block cracks 4= Longitudinal cracks 5= Transverse cracks 6= Slippage cracks 7= Joint Reflection cracks 4 = Alligator crack. Alligator cracking is load associated fallure. The failure can be due to weakness in the surface base or sub grade @ surface or base that is too thin poor drainage or the combination of all three. !toften startin the wheel path as longitudinal cracking and ends up as alligator cracking after Sever distress FIX: Because a structural failure is taking place the only possible solution to alligatoring is to perform a full depth patch scks» Edge cracks travel along the inside edge of a pavement surface with in one or two feet. ‘The common cause for this type of crack is poor drainage condition and lak of support at the pavement edge. As a result underlying base materials settle and become weakened, Heavy vegetation along the pavement edge and heavy traffic can also be the instigator of edge CrackingFIX: The first step-in correcting the problem is to remove any existing vegetation close to the edge of the pavement and fix any drainage problems, Cracks sealiil the cracks to prevent further deterioration or remove and reconstruct to full depth fixing any suppor issues. '9= Block cracks Block cracks look lke large interconnected rectangle (roughly). Block cracking is not load associated, but generally caused by shrinkage of the asphalt pavement due to an inability of asphalt binder to expand and contract with temperature cycles. This can be because the mix was mixed and place too dry. Fine aggregate mix with low penetration asphalt & absorptive aggregate; oor choice of asphalt binder in the mix design; or aging dried out asphalt. FIX; Less sever cracks measuring %4 inch or less can be sealed to prevent moisture from entering into the sub grade. More severe cracks should be fixed by removing cracked pavement layer and replacing it with overlay, 4= Longitudinal (Linear) cracks Longitudinal cracking are cracks that are parallel to the in the pavement centerline or laydown direction, These can be result of both pavement fatigue reflecting cracking andior poor joint onstruction. Joint are generally the least dense areas of a pavement. FIX; Less sever cracks measuring % inch or less can be sealed to pavement moisture from entering into the sub grade. More severe cracks should be fixed by removing cracked pavement layer and. replacing it with overtay. »-6= "Transverse cracking _ Transverse cracks are single cracks perpendicular to the pavement's centerline or laydown direction. Transverse can be caused by reflective cracks from an underlying layer daily temperature cycles and oor construction due to improper operation of the paver. FIX; Less sever cracks measuring % inch or less can be sealed to pavement moisture from entering into the sub grade. More severe cracks should be fixed by removing cracked pavement layer and. replacing it with overlay, 6= Slippage cracks ‘Slippage cracks are crescent shaped cracks or layers in the surface layer(s) of asphalt where the new ‘material has slipped over the underlying course. This problem is caused by a lack of bonding between layers. This is offen because a tack coat was not used to develop a bond between the asphalt layer or because prime coat was not used to bond the asphalt to the underiying stone base course. the lack of bond can be also caused by dirt, oil, or other contaminant preventing adhesion between layers. FX; All ofthe areas exhibiting the ‘stretch marks” will need to be removed and will require a partial or full depth patch 7= Joint Reflection cracks ‘These are cracks in a flexible pavement overlay of a rigid pavement ( ie.asphalt over concrete). The ‘occur directly over the underiying rigid pavement joints, Joint reflection cracking does not include reflection cracks that occur away from an underlying joint or from any other type of base (e,g. cement or ime stabilized) FIX; For less sever cracks (less than % inch) crack sealing will prevent the further entry of moisture into the subgrade. Ifthe cracks or more severe the removel of the cracked pavement layer followed by an overlay may be required,‘A= Small bowel shaped depressions in the pavement surface that penetrate all the way through the asphalt layer down to the base course. They generally have sharp edges and vertical sides near near the top of the hole, Potholes are the result of moisture infiltration and usually the end result of Untreated alligator cracking. As alligator cracking becomes severe, the interconnected cracks create small chunk of pavement, which can be dislodged as vehicle drive over them, The remaining hole after the pavement chunk is dislodged is called a pothole. FIX; Full depth replacement patch ‘A= Depression are localized pavement surface areas with slightly lower elevation than the surrounding pavement. Depression are very noticeable after a rain when they fill with water. FIX; Depending on the severity of the depression the asphalt may have to be removed and replaced less severe depression can be fixed by applying a thin surface patch or infrared patch ‘A= Upheaval is a localized upward movernent in a pavement due to swelling of the subgrade. This can be due to moisture or frost heave (ice under the pavement) FIX; Full depth patch -Q=Whatis Shoving _ A= Shoving is the formation of ripples across a pavement. This characteristic shape is why this type of distress is sometimes called wash-boarding. Shoving occurs at location having sever horizontal stresses, such as intersection. Its typicelly caused by; excess asphalt, too much fine aggregate; rounded aggregate; too soft an asphalt; or a weak granular base. FIX; Partial or ull depth patch. ‘A= Itis the channel like grooves that occur in the wheel track of pavement ‘The causes are 1= Poor compaction 2= Fine aggregate mix 3= High temperature 4= Excessive wheel and traffic load 5= Natural aggregate 6= Dune sand more than 7.5% of fine aggregate 7= Low softening point FIX: If rutting is minor or if it has stabilized, the depression can be filled and overlaid. If the deformation are severe, the rutted area should be removed and replaced with suitable material Q=What is Raveling and its causes. ‘A= Itis a progressive loosing or separation of aggregate particles in a pavement surface course from the surface downward or from the edge inward The causes are 4 Lack of compaction 2= Construction in thin lit during cold weather 3= Dirty or disintegrated aggregate 4= Too litle asphalt in the mix 5= Mixis very close to coarse 7= Over heating of asphalt & Sensitive aggregate refuse coating due to special chargeFIX; Apply a thin hot mix overiay. Other solution could include; sand seal; chip seal; slurry seal, or rmioro surfacing, Q= How many kinds of joints in asphalt. A= 1= Transverse joint in succeeding layer shall be offset 2 meters ongitudinal joint shail be effect at least 15 cm Q=Why you added filler to mix: A fo improve resisting to weathering 2= To improve strength fo close the space between coarse and fine aggregate roracks* Cracks can be repair by bitusealant ( Hot mix asphalt emulsion slurry ) Q= What is procedure of asphalt Rolling thas three stages 1s First stage is called break down rolling one or two passes, itis done by steel roller to seal the temperature of asphalt speed 4.8 kmihrs 2= Intermediate or second Rolling Itis done by pneumatic tired roller minimum two hours speed 8.0 kmihrs ( 5 - 6 passes ) 3© Third and final rolling, itis done by steel roller for surface finishing ‘A= Two kinds of rollers using in asphalt 4=ST.R Steel Tandem Roller 8 - 12 tons 2= P.T-R Pneumatic Tyre Roller 18 ~ 28 tons Temperature of the paving mixture 2= Appearance of the paving mixture 3= Alignment of the paving mixture 4= Rolling at the correct time & temperature 5 Sufficient rolling 6= Surface irregularities and its repair 7= Quality paved during the day 8 Location paved in the each shift 9 Coordination with mixing plant to maintain the rate of mixing and rate of paving 10= Weather condition of the day 11 Aggregate should not be uncoated 12= Mix should not be burnet 13= Thickness of asphalt 14= Cleaning of surface 15= Segregation 16= Straight edge A= 3-6 Imimin ‘A= Hopper, Conveyor, Auger, Soreed, Sensor, Temper, Vibrator, Heater. avement Condition Index tis mathematical procedure to determine the maintenance needs, by finding the distress in the Asphalt roads Ratio as follow PClValue Ratio. 71-100 ‘good no need maintenance 41-70 average need routine maintenance 0-40 poor need removed‘A= Where line which pass the project area called existing service Q= How much should below the services A= Services should below 90cm from F.R.L A= It protect to existing service A ‘ontingency, Future or Spare duct roposed duct i= Split duct \V.C Pipe : Poly Vinyl Chloride Pipe .C Pipe : Vitrified Clay Pipe 35 U.P.V.C Pipe : Unclassified Poly Vinyl Chloride Plastic Pipe G.R.P Pipe : Glass Reinforcement Plastic Pipe | Pipe : Cost Iren Pipe Q= Whats the diameter of pipe for irigation, electri, street light, water & telephone ‘A= 1 Irrigation : 1600, 2506, & 3008 lectric : 1506 & 2008 ‘elephone : 90.856 ( D54) is use for storm water, where water into inlet Red ( caution berried electric cable ) Green( caution bertied telephone cable ) Orange ( caution bertied Traffic signal cable ) ue ( caution berried water pipeline ) ‘Yellow ( caution berried sewer / irigation pipeline ) Electric cable 5= Sewer / Inrigation _ MISCELLANEOUS = What's the distance between two kerb stone” ‘A= Distance between two kerb stone 5mm, and every 4m Expansion joint, ‘A= 4= Up stand kerb 2= Flush kerb & 3= Mountable kerb Q=How many kinds of tiles ‘A= 1= Bom for parking, & driveway, ( Strength 50N/mm? ) 2= Gem for footpath ( Strength 40N/mm: ) fier subbase concrete k140 10cm + 4em mortar and quarry tikes ( 240 «116 x13mm + 5% ) }ock fill layer used in Road construction where water table is high'Q= Describe the different layer of road pavement A= 1= Formation Black sand 5m '5= Rock two layer 81m + 120m rushed sand ubbase 20cm in two layer = Prime coat jase course 10=Tack coat jinder coarse 12=Tack coat project ‘A= Generator, Grader, Dozer, Shovel, Excavator, Breaker, JCB, Two Tyre Steel Roller, STR (Steel Tandem Roller) PTR ( Pneumatic Tyre Roller ) Baby Roller, Hand Roller, Paver ( Finisher ) Road Marking Machine, Bob Cat, Compressor, Vibrator, Plate Compactor, Trailer, Dumper Truck, Water Tanker, Diesel Tanker, Asphalt Spray Tanker, Water Sprinkler Tanker, Hiab, ( Crane Truck ) Small Dumper, Low Bed, Scraper, Concrete Mixer, Concrete Mixer Truck, Forkiit, Tipper, Power Broom, Jack Hammer, Crane, Piling Rig Power Pack, Stee! Cutter, Steel Bending Machine, ‘A= Contract document are official documents to be used in project 1= Condition of contract 2= Standard Specification 3 Particular Specification 4= Bill of quantity 5= Standard drawing 6= Particular drawing ‘A= Day work is a payable item either for labours or equipment. Example in renting of shovel, water tanker, or labourer to work 8-10 hours ‘There should be daily sheet signed by the Inspector. ’ock depth ~ Casing top ¢ level + Casing top jotiom of bore or Toe level — Rock Head level ‘Actual depth ~ Casing top jored depth — Casing top jored level + Platform level e level + Casing top ’ock level +Casing top Conerete leng! Rock depth=:‘Steel Weight = D* + 162 Example 25mm@ & 1m length 25 *25 = 625 + 162 = 3.85 Pipe area = 1 +4 « R’« L. Example = 0.30 8 20m length 3.44 + 4 0.785 * 0 .30 0.30 = 0.07086 x 2 413 Round area=* Rx Rx Round length = Rx 2.x .n1 Asphalt weight = L x W x D x density Example = L =1000m, W = 7.3m, D=0.08m 1000 x 7.30 = 7300 » 0.08 = 584 2.50 = 1460 ton Fahrenheit to Celsius ( Example 86 °F ) 5+9 (°F 32) 86 -32= 54 5 +9 =0.5555556555556 0.5585555565556 * 54 = 30 Celsius to Fahrenheit ( Example 30 °C ) 95 «(°C +32) 1.8 x30 = 64 54+30= 84 Date setfing in Excel sheet:- = NOW()INTERNATIONAL STANDARD CODES FO! R LABORATORY TESTING TEST DESCRIPTION = INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS No. leon: aasHo | _ ASTM 85 Others 1 [Sampling 1-87 D-75 1377-2 2 [Moisture Content of Soit 7-265 D-2216 1377-2 = 23._[Particie Size Distribution (Sieve analysis) 188 o-422 1377-2 5 4 }Plastic Limit T-89 D-4318 1397-2 : 5 _|tiquid Limit 7-90 0-4318 1377-2 : 6 _ [Sand Equivalent Value T-176 0-2419 1377-2, : 7 {Specific Gravity T-100 D-854 1377-2 : 8 _[MDD/OMC Relationship {Standard Proctor } T-99 D-698 1397-4 : 9 _|MOD/OMC Relationship (Modified Proctor i Tiso} _p-1557 1377-4 tt 10 _|California Bearing Ratio (CBR) 7-193 D-1883 1377-4 a 11_|in-Situ Density Test (FOT) 7-491 passe | 13779 7 Field Determination of Water [Mowture] Content 12 Jof Soil by the Calciurn Carbide Gas Pressure T2417 D-4944, - ra [Tester Methdd JAGGREGATES i Hi 13 [Sampling & Reducing Sample T-2/ 7-248 D75 812-102 : 1a [Moisture Content 1255 566 12-109 : As_|Particle Size Distribution (Sieve analysis} 1:27 C-136 812-103.1 16 [Fakiness index - : 812-105.1 17_ [Elongation Index . 832-105.2 : 18 [Specific Gravity & Absorption of Fine Agg. ‘T-84 28 812-2 19 _|Specific Gravity & Absorption of Course Agg. T-85 RT 812-2 + 20 {Sand Equivalent Value 7-176 D-2419 a 21 {Clay Lumps & Friable Particles 1-112 C-142 c 22_[Thin & Elongation Particles in Course Aga. 5 D-4731 ~ = 73 [Aggregate Crushing Value ACV) D-5821 812-110 ~_| 24 [Aggregate Soundnass Test T108 CRB 812-121, : 25 _|Los Angeles Abrasion 1-96 C-131/ C-535 = ol 26 [Aggregate Crushed Faces : 27__ [Bulk Density & Voids in Age. ( Unit Weigh} 719 C29 : CONCRETE. 28 {Sampling of Fresh Concete T1461 172 1881-101 _| EN 12350-1 29 {Slump Test & temperature 7-119 C-143 1881-102 | EN 12350-2 30_|Fresh Concrete Unit Weight, Yield & Air Content T-121/T-152| C138 881-106 /1OJEN 12350-6 /7 341_|Fresh Concrete Bleeding Test T-158 €-232 Et e 32_| Making & Curing Concrete Spacimenin lab.) T1426 192 figai-to8 /114 en 2390-2 33__| Making & Curing Concrete Specimen in Field : C3L 881-108 /114 EN 12390-2 AyCane veTe ABSHTO ASTM Bb others 34_|Comnpressive Strength of Concrete Cubes : C140 tgsitis | EN 12390-3 35 _| Compressive Strength af Concrete Cares $22 39 1881-101 : 36 _ [Water Permeability of Concrete : DIN 1048 | EN 12390-8 27 [initial Surface Absortion Test - 1881-208 ; 38 _ [Water Absortion in Concrete 7 c-140 1881-122 - 39 _ [Rapid Chloride Penetration Test (RCP) 3202 : 40 [Density, Abs., & Voids in Hardened Concrete - 442 tseitia | €N12390-7 41_ [Laboratory Concrete Mix Design 7 : 7 : 42_|Concrete Plant Trial : 3881-125 - ASPHALT z J [Sampling 168 0979 - - Laboratory Asphalt Mix Design > = - MS-2 [Coating and Stripsing 7 8S lof Bitumen-Aggregate Mixtures duet gelato eeeeeeeeee aa 46 _[Quantitaive Extraction of Bitumen T164 D-2172 : : Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity & ae 1-208 b-2041 48 [Compressive Strength of Bituminous Mixture 167 D074 - : r ——- 43 _ [Preparation of Bituminous Specimen = [p-sssjo-saz6) | S0_|Marshall Stabliity and Flow Test 7-245 |D-1559/0-6927] - < 51_| Mechanical Size Analysis of Extracted Aggregate | 7-30 D-544a : : 52__ [Asphalt Core Density & Thickness 1166 0-3589 = : Effect of Water on Compressive Strength of 53 Icomoacted Bituminous Mixtures ta p07 5 5 Effect of Water on Bituminous-Coated Aggregats 54 using Boing water 7 nee e z 55 _ [Eifect of Moisture on Asphalt Concrete Paving 7 ae - z tixtures gg [Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Non- 55 | absorptive Compacted sitursinous Mixtures 7 cee 7 57, [Buk Specie Grevity and Density of Compactes pains 7 7 : Bituminous Mixtures Using Coated Samples Softening Paint of Asphatt and Pitch (Mettler Cup| 58 _fana-Ball Methoo} 7 ete : g9__ [Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball 7 nae = enor Method) 50 _|Penetration of Bituminous Material DS ~ BS EN 1426 61 Sieve Analysis of Mineral Filler for Bituminous ae oe 7 Paving Mixtures STEEL 7 62_[Tensile Test M21 : 85-4409 :| INTERNATIONAL STANDARD CODES FOR LABORATORY TESTING Serial ___TEST DESCRIPTION eee INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS No, aasTo | Ast 8S Others 1_ [sampling __ D75 3377-2 2__ [Moisture Content of Soil 1.265 02216 1377-2 : 3_ [Particle Size Distribution (Sieve anelysis) [ee D-422 13772 : [4 _ [Plastic Limit 1-89 D-4318 1377-2 : 5_[Uquidtimie i 790 D438 13772 : 6 _ [Sand Equivalent Value i768 b-249 13772 : 7_ [Specific Gravity 7-100 D854 13772 - | 8 _|MOD/OMC Relationship (Standard Proctor) 799 0-698 74 -_ | 9_|MOD/OMC Relationship (Modified Proctor ) Taso f _D-1557 1377-4 - [10 [California Bearing Ratio (CBR) 7193-7 |" p-1gs3 1377-4 | 11 _[in-Situ Density Test (FOT) risi_| asses | ia Field Determination of Water (Moisture) Content i | 12. [of Soil by the Calcium Carbide Gas Pressure T217 | pag4g | . - [Tester Method {ts zs AGGREGATES. a 13_|Samping & Reducing Sample T2/T248| 75 212-202 ty 14_ [Moisture Content 6566 812-109 | 15 _[Particle Size Distribution (Sieve analysis) 436 | saza03i GH 16__[Fakiness index a - : 812-105. 17 [Elongation index 7 7 812-105.2 - 18 _|Specitic Gravity & Absorption of Fine Aga. Ta, 128 812-2 19 _|Specific Gravity & Absorption of Course Ag 785 127 8122 20_|Sand Equivalent Value TA75 D289 E : 21_ [Clay Lumps & Friable Particles TA c1az 5 : |_22 [Thin & Elongation Particles in Course Age, | D479 zi 7 23 [Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV) 05821 - | 24 TAggregate Souncness Test T-i04 cae : 25__|Los Angeles Abrasion 796 | 131/535 : : 26 [Aggregate Crushed Faces ee : : : 27 [Bulk Density & Voids in Age. (Unit Weigh) Ti9 C29 : : CONCRETE 28 _ [Sampling of Fresh Concete T-141 C172 4881-101 | EN 123501 29 [Stump Test & temperature Tig c1a3 | tgsi-102 | en 123502} =o _|fresh Concrete Unit Weight, Vielé & AirContent [F-121/T-152 G38 haai-ioe /i0feN 173506/7 31_|Fresh Concrete Bleeding Test vase [C232 : : [_32__| Making & Curing Conerete Specimen in Lab. Trae [C192 fraai-a0s /ii4 en 23902 33 _[ Making & Curing Concrete Specimen in Field =} 6131 gat-t08 /114 EN 12390-2Conc PET) AOSHI Aste Bs Pars 34 [Compressive Strength of Cona ; ciao | saar-176 | ev 123903 35 _|Compressive Scrength of Concrete Cores 22 C29 4881-101 : 36 [Water Permeability of Concrete : pinio4 | EN 173908 37 _[initiat Surface Absortion Test 1881-208 z 38_ [Water Absortion in Concrete 7 cada [tear : 39_|Rapid Chloride Penetration Test (RCP) 1277 ena | : 40__[Density, Abs, & Voids in Hardened Concrete saz | aeat-ata | en123907 41_ [Laboratory Concrete Mix Design : 7 : 42_ [Concrete Plant Trial 7 5 151-175 : ASPHALT 43__[Sampling Tee 0979 : 44 _ [laboratory Asphalt ii Design z : 5 MSD Coating and Stripping ; _{° [or Bitumen Ageregate Mixtures me Haeee 46 _|Quantitsive Extraction of Bitumen Teh on | - : Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity & ay DensityiGMM) fe ease ‘ 42° [Compressive Strength of Biturninous Mixture ¥467 24074 : : 43 [Preparation of Bituminous Specimen = ___[b-sss/-s926] - 50 {Marshall Stability and Flow Test 1245 [9-1559/0-6527) : 51_| Mechanical Size Analysis of Extracted Aggregate | 7-30 saa [ * 52_[Asphait Core Density & Thickness 7-166 D-3549 : : = = : 4 Effect of Water on Compressive Strength of $3 compacted Bituminous Mixtures ae b-4078 Effect of Water on Bituminous-Coated Aggregate 54 [using Boing water : aor 5 _ [Effect oF Moisture on Asphalt Concrete Paving : a ; : Mixtures 55 [Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Nen- cae : : |Absorptive Compacted Bituminous Mixtures 7 fe Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of compacted °7- Teieuminous Mixtures Using Coated Samotes : Paae : [Softening Paint of Asphalt and Pitch [Mettler Cup. 58 [and-Batl Method) : heise : ‘Softening Point of Bitumen { Ring-and-Ball : . 7 BSEN 1427 59 |emethod} 036 SEN 14 60_ [Penetration of Bituminous Material ; Ds = __| SEN 1426 61. [Steve Analysis of Mineral Filer for Bituminous wa cae : Paving Mixtures STEEL a 62_[Tensile Text Mat 85-4049INTERNATIONAL STANDARD CODES FOR LABORATORY TESTING TEST DESCRIPTION 7 TERNATIONAL STANDARDS Now son: aashto | asTM 8s Others 1_ [Sampling 737 O75 1772 ; 2_ [Moisture Contentof Sal 7-265 D-2216 13772 3_ [Particle Size Oistribution (Sieve analyla) 788 2-422 13772 : 4 |PlasticLimit ~ 89 04318 1377-2 - S__[Uiquid uit 7.30 Daas 1377-2 : 6__ [Sand Equivalent Value Ta D-2419 1377-2 7_ [Specie Gravity 7100 0-854 13772 5 8 _|MOD/OMC Relationship (Standard Proctor) 7.39 D688 13774 9_|Mbo/oMC Relationship (Modified Proctor) 780 0-1557 q77-4 : 10_| California Bearing Ratio (cea) 193 0-1883 13774 5 _11_fin-Situ Density Tes (FoT) 781 D-1556 13778 : Field Determination of Water (Moisture) Content 12 JoF Sollby the Calcium Carbide Gas Pressure r217 D-agag ‘Tester Method |___|AGGReGates Erie 13 _|Samoling & Reducing sample T2/T248| 07s Bi2102 14 | Moisture Content 1.255 C566 812-109 : 15 _[Partice Size Distribution (Sieve analysis) 127 C436 | siz1034 7 36 [Fekiness index : 7 812-1051, 37_|Flongation index : 7 812-105. : 48 _[Specife Gravity & Absorption of Fine Ag 184 1 Biz2 : 19 [Specific Gravity & Absorption of Course Ag 785 127 812-2 20_|Sand Equivalent Value Ta76 02419 - 24 |Clay Lumps & Frabie Particles Tra 182 : 5 22 _[Thin & Elongation Particles in Course Age 7 4791 7 : 23. |Aggregete Crushing Value (acy 7 o-sea1_| i210 7 24 [Aggregate Soundiness Test Ti0e cas 812-121 25 _|los Angeles Abrasion T96__| etsiyesas} : 26 _|Aggrepate Crushed Faces ; 27 [Bulk Density & Voids in agg. (Unk Woh) Ta9 | cas CONCRETE 28 _|Sampling of Fresh Concete Tat care | aeataor [en 23501 29_|Slump Test & temperature Tu 143 | sest-i02 | en 123502 20_lfresh Concrete Unit weight, Weld & Air Content [T-i2a/T-isa| ca3a fdai-t08 EN nazoe P 31_[Fresh Concrete Bleeding Test 7158 232 5 - 32 _| Making & Curing Concrete Specimen in Lab T26 C192 fasi-10a inj ew 123902 33 _| Making & Curing Concrete Specimen in Field - C131 psat-toa/in] en 123802 lastConc tele i AasHtO PSM Bs___ others 34_ [Compressive Strength af Concrete Cubes : C40 iBei-1i6 | EN 123903 35__ [Compressive Strengih of Concrete Cores 22 39 1881-202 36 _ [Water Permeability of Concrate : Din 1048 | EN 32390-8 37__ initial Surface Absortion Test : 1881-208 : 38_|Water Absortion in Concrete - C140 1881-122 : 39 _ [Rapid Chloride Penetration Test (RCP) Ta77 C1202 - : 40 _[Density, Abs., & Voids in Hardened Concrete 5 C642 tegi-tia | EN12390-7 “41_|Laboratory Concrete Mix Design z : : : 42__ [Concrete Plant Trial : : 1881-125 - ASPHALT | 43__[Sempling 7-168 D978 : : 44 [Laboratory Asphalt Mix Design 7 7 we2 [Coating and Stripping 482 $664 : $5 lof bitumen-Aggregate Mixtures tee Praereee |Ee 46 _{Quantitalve Extraction of Bitumen Tiss be2a72 - Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity & Ee 209 0-20a1 : : 48. Compressive Strength of Bituminous Mikture T4167 0-074 - : 45 _ [Preparation of Bituminous Specimen = [basss/p-sozs| : 50_|Marshall Stability and Flow Test 7-245 [D-15s9/0-6927| : 51_| Mechanical Size Analysis of Extracted Aggregate | 1-30 D.s4a8 - - 52__ [asphalt Core Density & Thickness T66 3549 : 7 Effect of Water on Compressive Strength of $3 |compacted Bituminous Mixtures ee itd 7 t of Water on Bitumini aggregate 54. [eect of Water on Bituminous Coated Azgreget A oe : fl [2 fusing sorting water Effect of Moisture on Asphalt Concrete Paving 55 - 0.4867 : - sictures Bulk Spectiic Gravity and Density of Non- 55 Iabsorptive Compacted Bituminous Mixtures : pate . Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Compacted 57 | picaminous Miktures Using Coated Samples E aire Softening Point of Asphalt and Pitch (Mettler Cup 7 3a 7 : 58 |and-Bal ethod} oan ning Point oF Bi rand 59 [Softening Point of Bitumen | Ring-and-Ball z bas ef Se Method) 60 [Penetration of Bituminous Material 7 5 - BS EN 1026 2 [Sieve Analisis of Mineral Filer for Bituminous i Hue z Paving Mixtures STEEL 62_ [Tensile Test Mai 7 35.4489