Specication Sheet: 17-4PH (UNS S17400)

A 17Cr-4Ni-3Cu Precipitation Hardening Martensitic Stainless Steel

Alloy 17-4PH is a precipitation hardening martensitic stainless steel with Cu and Nb/Cb additions. The grade combines high strength, hardness (up to 572F / 300C), and corrosion resistance. Mechanical properties can be optimized with heat treatment. Very high yield strength up to 1100-1300 MPa (160-190 ksi) can be achieved. The grade should not be used at temperatures above 572F (300C) or at very low temperatures. It has adequate resistance to atmospheric corrosion or in diluted acids or salts where its corrosion resistance is equivalent to grade 304 or 430.

Chemical Analysis
Typical values (Weight %)
C 0.04 Cr 16.5 Ni 4.5 Cu 3.3 Nb/Cb 0.3 Mn 0.7

PREN (%cr+3.3%Mo+16%N ) 17

Mechanical Properties
Room temperature properties (longitudinal direction) Guaranteed values (ASTM A693 hot rolled plates); thickness from 3/16 up to 3.
Heat treatment YS 0.2% N/mm Min. Typ. 1207 931 UTS N/mm Min. 1170 965 Typ. 1310 1034 YS 0.2% ksi Min. 155 115 Typ. 175 135 Min. 170 140 UTS ksi Typ. 190 150 EI% Min. 8 10 Typ. 14 17

Applications
Offshore (foils, helicopter deck platforms, etc.) Food industry Pulp and paper industry Aerospace (turbine blades, etc.) Mechanical components Nuclear waste casks

A B

1070 790

A: hardening 925F (496C) - 4 hours - air cooling B: hardening 1100F (593C) - 4 hours - air cooling 2 examples of heat treatments that may be applied. For specic requests, please contact us. Elevated temperature properties Minimum guaranteed values following EN 10088 hot rolled plates. The EN guaranteed values are valid for a thickness from 3/16" up to 3".
Temperature F Temperature C N/mm_ YS 0.2% ksi 106 103 100 97 95 212 100 730 302 150 710 392 200 690 482 250 670 572 300 650

Standards
ASTM ...............A693 grade 630 (AMS 5604B) UNS S17400 EURONORM ...1.4542 X5CrNiCuNb 16-4 AFNOR.............Z5 CNU 17-4PH DIN ...................1.4542

Corrosion Resistance
Alloy 17-4PH withstands corrosive attacks better than any of the standard hardenable stainless steels and is comparable to type 304 in most media. If there are potential risks of stress corrosion cracking, the higher aging temperatures then must be selected over 1022F (550C), preferably 1094F (590C). 1022F-550C is the optimum tempering temperature in chloride media. 1094F-590C is the optimum tempering temperature in H2S media. The alloy is subject to crevice or pitting attack if exposed to stagnant seawater for any length of time. It is corrosion resistant in some chemical, petroleum, paper, dairy, and food processing industries (equivalent to 304L grade).

Heat treatment : hardening 1094F (590C) - 4 hours - air cooling 1 example of heat treatments that may be applied. For specic requests, please consult us. Minimum guaranteed room temperature impact values Minimum guaranteed values following ASTM A693 hot rolled plates. The ASTM guaranteed values are valid for a thickness from 3/16" up to 3".
Heat treatment Hardening 1100 F (593 C) - 4 hours - air cooling J 20 KV transverse ft.lbf 15

Minimum guaranteed room temperature hardness values Minimum guaranteed values following ASTM A693 hot rolled plates. The ASTM guaranteed values are valid for a thickness from 3/16" up to 3".
Heat treatment Hardening 925 F (496 C) - 4 hours - air cooling Hardening 1100 F (593 C) - 4 hours - air cooling Hardness Rockwell Brinell C38 C29 375 293

For specic requests, please consult us. SANDMEYER STEEL COMPANY

O N E S A N D M E Y E R L A N E P H I L A D E L P H I A , PA 1 9 1 1 6 - 3 5 9 8 8 0 0 - 5 2 3 - 3 6 6 3 FA X 2 1 5 - 6 7 7 - 1 4 3 0 w w w. S a n d m e y e r S t e e l . c o m
17-4PH 06/03 2500

Physical Properties
Density: 7800 kg/m3 (.28 lbs/in3) The following physical properties have been obtained after hardening 896F (480C) 1 hour - air cooling
Interval Temperature C 0-100 0-200 0-300 0-400 0-500 Thermal expansion x10-6C-1 10.8 11 11.3 11.6 12 F C Thermal conductivity (w.m-1.K-1) 14 16 18.5 20 22 23 Young modulus (GPa) 197 193 186 180 175 170

68 212 392 572 752 932

20 100 200 300 400 500

Room temperature properties: Resistivity : 80 *.cm Specic heat : 460 J.kg-1.K-1 Tension modulus : 77 GPa The alloy is magnetic.

Due to the martensitic microstructure, a low oxygen content in the weld metal is preferable to increase ductility and toughness. To avoid cold cracking, the introduction of hydrogen in the weld must be limited. Alloy 17-4PH can be welded with homogeneous ller metals such as E 630 (AWS A5.4) electrodes and ER 630 (AWS A5.9) wires. Austenitic filler material can be used when the mechanical properties of 17-4PH steel are not required in the weld and, in this case, no post-weld heat treatment must be applied.

Machining
Alloy 17-4PH can be machined in both solution treated and precipitation hardened conditions. Machining condition may vary according to the hardness of the material. High speed steel tools or, preferably, carbide tools with standard lubrication are normally used. If very stringent tolerances are required, it is necessary to take into account the dimensional changes during heat treatment.

Heat Treatment
Martensitic transformation Indicative values Ms : 266F (130C) Mf : 86F (30C) Solution annealing 1925F+ /-50F (1050C +/-25C) 30 min up to 1 hour Air cooling / oil quenching below 76F (25C) Aging / Tempering The highest mechanical properties are obtained with the following heat treatment: 896F (480C) 1 hour air cooling. Higher ductilities are obtained when using higher aging temperatures up to 1148F (620C).

Hardness/Temperature tempered for 4 hours after austenitizing at 1904F (1040C) for 30 min quenched 100C/sec (212F/sec)

Processing
Hot forming Hot forming should be carried out in a temperature range of 1742-2192F (950-1200C). A full heat treatment including solution annealing, cooling lower than 76F (25C) and aging at the required temperature must be made after hot forming (function of the requested mechanical properties). Cold forming Cold forming can be performed only to a limited extent and only on plates in the fully softened condition. Stress corrosion resistance is improved by re-aging at the precipitation hardening temperature after cold working. The following processes may be performed: rolling, bending, hydroforming, etc. (fully softened conditions). Cutting Thermal cutting (plasma, thermal sawing, etc.). Due to the HAZ, the grade requires a suited cutting process. After cutting, grinding is necessary to eliminate the oxide formed layer. Mechanical cutting (shearing, stamping, cold sawing, etc.).

Welding
Alloy 17-4PH can be welded by the following welding processes: SMAW, GTAW, PAW, and GMAW. SAW should not be used without preliminary testing (to check freedom of cracks and toughness of the weld metal). Due to a ferrite delta primary type of solidication, the hot cracking risk of the weld metal or the HAZ is reduced. Generally, no preheating must be done, and interpass temperature must be limited to 248F (120C). The better toughness is obtained in the weld after a complete heat treatment (solution annealing + precipitation hardening).

SANDMEYER
S T E E L C O M PA N Y

17-4 Age-Hardening Martensitic Stainless Steel Properties, Composition, Heat Treatments and Specif

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17-4 Age-Hardening Martensitic Stainless Steel Properties, Composition, Heat Treatments and Specifications from Super Alloys

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Topics Covered Background 17-4 Age-Hardening Martensitic Stainless Steel Applications of 17-4 Stainless Steel Composition of 17-4 Stainless Steel Specifications Heat Treatments for 17-4 Stainless Steel Physical Properties of 17-4 Stainless Steel Magnetic Permeability of 17-4 Stainless Steel Thermal Properties of 17-4 Stainless Steel Thermal Conductivity of 17-4 Stainless Steel Typical Mechanical Properties of 17-4 Stainless Steel Background The Super Alloys management team are amongst the most experienced professionals in the market. Supported by professional metallurgists and technicians, Super Alloys not only provide access to the largest range of high-tec metals in Europe, but also access to the broadest range
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Stainless Steel Alloy - Martensitic Precipitation Hardening (Maraging) Stainless Steel from Super Alloys Maraging Alloy 350 - Heat Treatable Austenitic/ Martensitic Corrosion Resistant Alloy from Super Alloys 300M Alloy - Vacuum Melted Silicon-Vanadium Steel Alloy from Super Alloys Maraging Alloy 300 - Ultra High Strength Iron-Nickel Cobalt Alloy from Super Alloys Maraging Alloy 250 - Age Hardenable (Maraging) Iron-Nickel Steel from Super Alloys A-286 High Strength Iron-Based Superalloy Properties, Composition, Heat Treatments and Specificati

17-4 Age-Hardening Martensitic Stainless Steel Properties, Composition, Heat Treatments and Specif

of expertise. The unique combination of access to stock, expertise and rapid delivery reduces lead times and can eliminate costly production delays. The Super Alloys range of materials includes: Titanium Alloys Nickel Alloys Steels

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17-4 Age-Hardening Martensitic Stainless Steel 17-4 stainless steel is an age-hardening martensitic alloy combining high strength with the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. Hardening is achieved by a short-time, simple lowtemperature treatment. Unlike conventional martensitic stainless steels, such as type 410, 17-4 stainless steel is quite weldable. The strength, corrosion resistance and simplified fabrication can make 17-4 stainless steel a cost-effective replacement for high strength carbon steels as well as other stainless grades. Applications of 17-4 Stainless Steel Typical Applications for the 17-4 stainless steel age-hardening martensitic alloy include: Gate valves Aircraft structures, accessories, engine parts Chemical processing equipment Food processing machinery Pump shafts, gears, plungers Valve stems, balls, bushings, seats Pulp & paper mill equipment Fasteners

Composition of 17-4 Stainless Steel The composition range for 17-4 stainless steel is provided in table 1. Table 1. Composition of 17-4 Age-Hardening Martensitic stainless steel. Chemistry, % Chromium Nickel Copper Manganese Silicon Columbium + Tantalum Carbon Phosphorus Sulfur Molybdenum
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Min 15.00 3.00 3.00 5 x C -

Max 17.50 5.00 4.00 1.00 1.00 0.45 0.07 0.04* 0.03* 0.05

17-4 Age-Hardening Martensitic Stainless Steel Properties, Composition, Heat Treatments and Specif

Iron
* 0.025 max, AMS 5622

remainder

Specifications The various forms of 17-4 stainless steel are covered by the following standards: UNS S17400 (Sheet, Plate, bar) UNS S17480 (MIG, TIG & Coil Weld Wire) UNS W37410 (Covered Electrodes) DIN 1.4548 Table 3. Specifications relating to 17-4 stainless steel. Product Form Sheet Plate Bar Forgings Weld Wire (S17480) Weld Wire (W37410) 5803 5827 AMS 5604 5643 ASME SA-693 SA-564 SA-705 Type 630 ASTM A 693 A 564 A 705 Type 630 A5.9 ER 630 A5.4 E630 AWS

Heat Treatments for 17-4 Stainless Steel 17-4 stainless steel is a martensitic, precipitation-hardening stainless steel. At the solution treating temperature, 1900F (1040C), the metal is austenitic but undergoes transformation to a low-carbon martensitic structure on cooling to room temperature. This transformation is not complete until the temperature drops to 90F (32C). Subsequent heating to temperatures of 900 to 1150F (480 to 620C) for one to four hours precipitation strengthens the alloy. This hardening treatment also tempers the martensitic structure, increasing ductility and toughness. Physical Properties of 17-4 Stainless Steel Table 4. Physical properties of 17-4 stainless steel. Property Melting Range For Condition H 900 Density lb/in 3 Electrical resistivity Ohm circular mil/ft Specific Heat Btu/lbF Poissons Ratio 70F Modulus of Elasticity psi x 10 6 Tension 70F 200F 400F 600F Torsion 70F Value 2560-2625F (1404-1440C) 0.282 463 0.11 0.272 28.5 28.0 27.0 26.0 11.2

Magnetic Permeability of 17-4 Stainless Steel H=100 Oersted

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H=200 Oersted

Max

17-4 Age-Hardening Martensitic Stainless Steel Properties, Composition, Heat Treatments and Specif

90

56

135

Thermal Properties of 17-4 Stainless Steel The thermal properties of 17-4 stainless steel are summarised in table 5. Table 5. Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion inch/inchF x 10 -6. Temperature Range -100 to 70F 70 to 200F 70 to 400F 70 to 600F 70 to 800F Thermal Conductivity of 17-4 Stainless Steel The thermal conductivity of 17-4 stainless steel are summarised in table 3. Table 6. Thermal Conductivity of 17-4 stainless steel in Btuft/fthrF. At 300F 500F 860F 900F 10.3 11.3 13.0 13.1 Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 5.8 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.5

Typical Mechanical Properties of 17-4 Stainless Steel Table 7. Typical mechanical properties of 17-4 stainless steel. Property Ultimate Tensile Strength ksi H H H H H H H M 900** 925 1025 1075 1100 1150 1150200 190 170 165 150 145 125 0.2% Yield Strength ksi 185 175 165 150 135 125 85 Elongation % in 2" Reduction of Area Hardness Impact Charpy Vnotch ft.-lbs. 15 25 35 40 25 30 100

or 4XD 14 14 15 16 17 19 22

% 50 54 56 58 58 60 68

Brinell 420 409 352 341 332 311 277

Rockwell C C C C C C 44 42 38 36 35 33

C 27

Source: Super Alloys For more information on this source please visit Super Alloys.

Date Added: May 13, 2008

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