LEGAL ADVISER ON VENEZUELA’S LAW FOR OIL AND GAS

BUSINESS
PLAN February, 2023

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LEGAL ADVISER ON VENEZUELA’S LAW FOR OIL AND GAS
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
01 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 01
02 INTRODUCTION OF BUSINESS 02
03 EXPERIENCE AND UNDERSTANDING OF LAW 03
04 OBJECTIVES 04
05 SERVICES OFFERED BY THE FIRM 04
06 KEYS TO SUCCESS 03
07 BENEFITS OF OUR SERVICES 05
08 TARGET CUSTOMERS 05
09 STATS AND DEMOGRAPHICS OF VENEZUELA 06
10 ANALYSIS OF COMPETITION IN VENEZUELA 06
11 SWOT ANALYSIS 08
12 COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES 10
13 SALES AND MARKETING PLAN 11
14 COMPETITION 11
15 MARKETING MIX 12
16 MARKETING 12
17 PRICING 12
18 PLACES 12
19 ADVERTISING AND PROMOTION STRATEGY 14
20 MARKET PENETRATION STRATEGY 17
21 FINANCIAL PLAN 18
22 DISCOUNTED CASH FLOW VALUATION 19
23 IMPACT ON THE U.S. ECONOMY 20
24 CONCLUSION 20
25 REFERENCES 22

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LEGAL ADVISER ON VENEZUELA’S LAW FOR OIL AND GAS
 Firm Profile

Firm Name CHERYL NARVAEZ LEGAL ADVISOR

Address: Columbus, Ohio.

Phone #: 0000000000
Email:

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LEGAL ADVISER ON VENEZUELA’S LAW FOR OIL AND GAS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Venezuela ranks fifth in the world in oil proven reserves and has the largest
accumulation of liquid fuel in the world. With its importance as an oil country, many
countries including the U.S. have expressed concerns about Venezuela’s current
economic and political situation. Venezuela has experienced a dramatic decline in its oil
and gas industry. To change its fortunes, a complete overhaul of the legal and
institutional framework for the sector is required, with international investment as a key
objective. In the National Assembly in October 2020, the opposition introduced a
hydrocarbon bill proposing sector reform. An oil advisor in Venezuela’s law in the USA
is a legal professional who specializes in advising clients on issues related to the oil and
gas industry. They provide guidance on the legal aspects of exploration, production, and
distribution of oil and gas resources. They may also help clients navigate the complex
regulatory environment that governs the industry, including environmental and health
and safety regulations.

Oil advisors in Venezuela’s law assist clients with a wide range of legal matters,
including negotiating and drafting contracts for the exploration, development, and
production of oil and gas resources, handling disputes with partners and regulators, and
protecting intellectual property rights. They may also advise clients on the acquisition
and divestiture of oil and gas assets, and provide guidance on tax and financing issues
related to the industry.

Overall, the role of an oil advisor in Venezuela’s law is to help clients navigate the legal
and regulatory landscape of the oil and gas industry and ensure that they are in
compliance with all relevant laws and regulations.

1
INTRODUCTION OF BUSINESS

BUSINESS NAME: CHERYL NARVAEZ LEGAL ADVISOR

NATURE OF THE COMPANY:

Firm is made for the purpose of advisor to people. We will be advising companies that
want to invest into the oil and gas market in Venezuela through all the regulation that
apply to get a contract in Venezuela for the USA base companies. This will be a new
Business.

Owner Name:

Cheryl Narvaez, I am the only owner; the nature of this business is that consulting
adviser in Venezuelan Law in oil and gas.

LOCATION:

We will be operating at Columbus, Ohio. Company’s Office will be used for operational
and administrative purposes and will operate all week days from 9:00 to 11:00. Office
will address inquiries via telephone, email, and website and in person.

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EXPERIENCE AND UNDERSTANDING OF LAW:

I have my degree in Venezuela’s Law. I have more than 15 years of experience. I have
in-depth knowledge of the laws and regulations applicable to the oil and gas industry,
including environmental, tax, labor, contract and intellectual property laws.

Understanding of the law and legal process: I will contribute with my knowledge and
experience in the application of the law and legal processes, which can be useful in
solving complex and difficult problems regarding the contracting procedures of United
States companies in the area of Oil and Gas.

I have experience in Conflict Resolution: I can help parties resolve conflicts

effectively and efficiently, using my negotiation and conflict resolution skills acquired in
Venezuela.

Cultural input: I will bring a unique and enriching perspective on how the Venezuelan
Public Procurement Law is addressed, which would help to enrich the legal system in
the United States.
As an oil and gas consultant I have the following qualities:

Technical Knowledge: In-depth expertise of the oil and gas industry, including
exploration, extraction, refining, and distribution processes.

Flexibility: The oil and gas industry is highly dynamic, being able to quickly adapt to
changes in the market.

Integrity: I have ethics and transparency in all my actions and decisions. I have
knowledge about Regulations and Laws applicable to the oil and gas industry, including
environmental, fiscal, labor, Contractual and intellectual property laws.

Contracting: I am familiar with the contracts used in the oil industry, such as production
contracts, purchase and sale contracts, oil rig rentals, and international agreements.

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Transactions: I am able to advice on industry-related transactions, such as mergers
and acquisitions, strategic collaborations, and financing.

Environment: I am familiar with the environmental laws applicable to the industry and
how they can affect the operations of oil and gas companies.
Arbitration and alternative means of dispute resolution: I have knowledge about the
procedures and regulations applicable to arbitration and other alternative means of
dispute resolution in the oil industry, which would be favorable to the entities of
companies in the USA that maintain a commercial relationship in Venezuela.

OBJECTIVES:

My main objective would be to protect the interests of the company and guarantee that
the laws and regulations that are applicable according to the process carried out are
complied with. The objectives of the firm are as follows:

 To create a law firm whose primary goal is to provide consulting adviser in

Venezuelan Law in oil and gas.
 To increase the ability to serve public interest organizations each year.
 To be able to offer each year some more legal services in oil and Gas sector at a
subsidized rate.

SERVICES OFFERED BY THE FIRM:

Business will provide guidance on the legal aspects of exploration, production, and
distribution of oil and gas resources. They may also help clients to navigate the complex
regulatory environment that governs the industry, including environmental and health
and safety regulations. Services also include license agreements, intellectual property,
data protection and privacy, regulatory compliance and environmental responsibility. My
main objective would be to protect the interests of the company and guarantee that the
laws and regulations that are applicable according to the process carried out are
complied with.

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Also as legal advice on contracting in the oil and gas industry guarantees transparency
in contracting processes and decision-making based on objective criteria. This helps
prevent corruption situations, which can be especially important in a country like
Venezuela, where corruption is a major problem.

UNDERSTANDING OF THE LAW AND LEGAL PROCESS:

I will contribute with my knowledge and experience in the application of the law and
legal processes, which can be useful in solving complex and difficult problems regarding
the contracting procedures of United States companies in the area of Oil and Gas. I
have also experience in Conflict Resolution. I can help parties to resolve conflicts
effectively and efficiently, using my negotiation and conflict resolution skills acquired in
Venezuela.
BENEFITS OF OUR SERVICES:

 The Provision of professional legal services offered.

 All the year, customers’ care services are available.
 Affordable prices of services offered by me.
 The provision of first class services to the customers.

TARGET CUSTOMERS:

Segmentation and Targeting

We will make segments of our customers according to following characteristics: We

have different target customers that have different characteristics. So, I will focus on
each of my target customer’s need, wants and perception respectively to make all of
them satisfied with my services. I may have more than one target group that would be
focused while introducing or formulating my services for them. My target customers or
clients are those companies whose want to work in the oil and gas sector in Venezuela.
I will be able to advise companies regarding the hiring of personnel and the

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management of human resources. This may include reviewing employment contracts,
managing wages and employment benefits, and resolving labor disputes.

STATS AND DEMOGRAPHICS OF VENEZUELA

Venezuela is a country on the northern coast of South America with diverse natural
attractions. Along its Caribbean coast are tropical resort islands including Isla de
Margarita and the Los Roques archipelago. To the northwest are the Andes Mountains
and the colonial town of Mérida, a base for visiting Sierra Nevada National Park.
Caracas, the capital, is to the north. According to the 2022 revision of the World
Population Prospects the total population was 29,789,730 (2022 EST.)

ANALYSIS OF COMPETITION IN VENEZUELA:

There are many law firms are operating in Venezuela. Our business will operate in that
competition. Our firm will contribute with knowledge and experience in the application of
the law and legal processes, which can be useful in solving complex and difficult
problems regarding the contracting procedures of United States companies in the area
of Oil and Gas. I have also experience in Conflict Resolution. We will offer wide varieties
of services for our clients. So, website is essential part of business now a day. We will
build website soon, this will beneficial for our business. In Venezuela, Many law firms
are operating and providing services to the clients. These are as follows: Consultorio
Jurídico Brito y Asociados S.C., LAWIT, VENEZUELA, WDA legal, S.C., Rojas & Parra,
LEĜA Abogados. But we discuss two competitors that are offering similar services
offered in Venezuela. These are as follows:

COMPETITOR 1:
Company Name: LAWIT, VENEZUELA
Locations of the Business:
F54J+8R9, Caracas 1073, Distrito Capital, Venezuela

Contact no: +582129885228

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Website: https://lawit.org/

Strength:
 Efficient system for processing and enforcing
 Have attractive website.
 High level of legal experience.

Weaknesses:

 Increased need for training regarding security, protection.

COMPETITOR 2:

Company Name: LEĜA Abogados

Locations of the Business:
Piso 7, Av. Eugenio Mendoza. Torre La Castellana, Caracas 1060, Miranda, Venezuela
Contact no: +582122772200

Website: https://lega.law/

Strength:
 Operating at different locations.
 Many services offered by the firm.

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  Competitive prices of the services offered by the firm.
 Have attractive website.
 High level of legal experience.
 Firm’s reputation for high level customer service.

Weaknesses:

 Need more information about the business on website.

SWOT ANALYSIS

We mentioned above the competitors are working in Venezuela for the businesses. This

fact provides us with an opportunity to set a reasonable price for our Packages in

harmony to the economical behavior of the customers. Seizing this opportunity is likely

to earn us more customers and profit. SWOT analysis consists of Strengths,

weaknesses, Opportunities and threat being faced by business by some internal and

external factors. We will explain our SWOT analysis in the following.

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Strength Weaknesses
 Ability to offer candid yet conscious  Currently we are at our initial phase
responses to legal and so don’t have enough customers.
administrative questions.  Increased work load due to startup.
 Efficient system for processing and  Firm is facing financial problems
enforcing legal services. due to startup.
 Legal consultant for contracting  Difficult to manage a large setup
regulations is essential to guarantee without a large amount of funds.
transparency, legality and the
protection of the interests of oil and
gas companies in Venezuela.
 Extensive knowledge in transfer
and technology in the oil and gas
industry.
 Providing advice and representation
related to the exploration,
extraction, production and
distribution of oil and gas.

Opportunities
 Continue to work on creating a
digital database for record keeping,
searching and exchange.
 I want Continue to develop and
foster relationships with support
staff of the other state and county
agencies and citizens by interacting
with them on a day to day basis and
Threats
 The very rapid growing rate of
similar business is a major threat for
my legal firm activities in the
province.
 The competitive environment will
give me tough time.
 Lower market growth rate weakens

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 expressing interest. the business activities
 My analytical skills and detailed
contracts allow me to identify any
risk or potential problem that may
arise in Contracts with foreign
companies within the framework of
an Oil or Gas Extraction
negotiation.
 Our easily accessible website can
attract more users.
 I will provide a friendly and
entertaining environment.

COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES
Competitive advantage is particularly important in the legal field. Competition among
law firms is particularly fierce as the market is saturated in most regions. With so many
choices, clients expect much more in terms of price when they secure attorney services.
Besides, they tend to pay very close attention to every possible candidate. After all, if
you are looking for a legal representative, your search results can be highly dependent
on you! I am self-motivated to serve my customers with the utmost respect, loyalty and
friendliness. Competitive advantage will be based on two factors, experience and
specialization:

Experience: I have my degree in Venezuela’s Law. With more than 15 years of

experience.

Specialization: We are specialized in advising companies that want to invest into the
oil and gas market in Venezuela through all the regulation that apply to get a contract in
Venezuela for the USA base companies.

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SALES AND MARKETING PLAN

COMPETITION
Legal advisory firm is a relatively new entrepreneurial project which could help to
companies that want to invest into the oil and gas market. So there is much competition
in this type of business. But I have with the best working experience, degree in Law
and the technical & professional services i want to introduce my updated and innovative
idea for the companies to our valued customers at the competitively prices. I am
focusing on the quality of services so that i can satisfy my customers and they can be
attracted towards my services by ignoring the similar services providing firms.

We will compete our competitors by doing following:

 Ensuring best quality services and advices to my customers.

 Offering a wide range of services in oil and gas market in Venezuela.

 Listening from client that what are their needs and desires and provide best

solution that want to start business in the field of oil and gas sector.

 Charging comparatively lower prices.

 Satisfying customers’ needs as per new technological era.

 Making easy access to us.

 Providing free membership cards to my loyal customers.

 Creating long term relationships with valued customers.

 Providing friendly environment to customers.

 Writing previous and regular client’s testimonials.

 Paying attention towards client’s requirements.

 Offering discounts to regular customers.

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Marketing Mix

Marketing

There is a strong unique selling point associated with the franchise, which will be one of

the main factors influencing customers to dine at the experience, as outlined in the

survey on local residents. The franchise will be seen to bring about many advantages

for local businesses in Venezuela and for residents of the country. As there are no direct

competitors in operation in the area, so marketing of our business will be easy. Such an

innovative experience has the potential to have a strong market share, and be a

successful attraction for companies that want to invest into the oil and gas market in

Venezuela.

Pricing

It is essential to secure clients in the early stages of the business life cycle; offering
value-added solutions to the customer will help win more customers in the early stages
and enable accelerated growth. By making our prices competitive with other offers on
the market. Our firm gives customers a much better experience and creates an optimal
offer. Once the brand was recognized as an industry leader throughout Venezuela and
the brand was established as a premium service provider, the pricing model may
increase to reflect quality attributes behind the mark.

Places

All the services will give through the business area situated in Columbus, Ohio.

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13
Advertising and Promotion strategy

Legal advertisements are ads for lawyers, solicitors and law firms. Legal marketing is a

broader term that refers to advertising and other practices, including customer relations,

social media, and public relations. A type of marketing practiced by law firms, lawyers

(attorneys), and solicitors, aimed at promoting the services of law firms and increasing

brand awareness. Practices such as social media marketing, search engine

optimization (SEO), email marketing, and pay-per-click advertising (PPC) now combine

with traditional public relations and legal advertising (billboards, TV and radio ads,

newspaper ads, etc.) as the main strategies in legal marketing. As the perceived

benefits of digital marketing increase, digital platforms are increasingly dominating

legitimate marketing initiatives, often to the detriment of traditional print advertising. We

will promote our services by using following channels:

SEO Social Blog E-mails

Marketing Media Creation

TV ads Website Client

marketing reviews

SEO Marketing

SEO Marketing is used to increase the traffic to the upcoming online website. Valuable
customers who want my services may contact me using website and we will provide

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them my services. When sorting pages, Google's algorithm moves sites of a certain
quality closer to the top of the page. At a high level, search engines reward websites
that have:

 Well-searched keywords and key phrases

 High-quality content, including text on web pages and blog posts
 Sites with regularly updated traffic coming from mobile devices
 Loading speed
 Safe pages
 Clean code
 Relevant and reliable information

Social Media

Social media will be the primary strategy for building brand awareness. Social media
channels will a powerful tool for customers to find and learn about the brand, but it will
still be the center of attention building brand awareness in the market. Social media
platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube allow companies to
advertise directly to target audiences and track progress. Social Media platforms are
also an effective way to build a brand following and follow popular trends and brand
promotion. Two main social media platforms will be used for targeting specific
demographic data. Instagram and Facebook will be the two primary media channels
used for the company. Both platforms incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) based
marketing, which allows the company to target ads to the right audience effectively.
Company will try to keep update about its products via social media posts, and uploads.
We do this for the ease of our valuable customers so that they can keep in touch with us
and can enjoy our food with the updated tastes and ranges.

We will share our experiences on legal aspects of exploration, production, and

distribution of oil and gas resources. with our valuable customers via YouTube videos.
My firm wants to make sure its valuable customers that it can do best for them, it can
help them for their enjoyment of best quality services by firm.

15
We will use other Social Media like Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, Pinterest and
LinkedIn for promotion of our services. We will do this for the awareness about services
which we provide to our customers. Firm will do this to expand the operations
nationwide, to provide best quality services to its customers and for providing services
on legal aspects of exploration, production, and distribution of oil and gas resources.

Blog Creation

Firm also want to create the blogs for the assistance of my valuable customers. I will
write up the content of legal aspects of exploration, production, and distribution of oil
and gas resources to attract my customers towards my services. Customers will
appreciate my efforts of proving them the valuable contents and making them happy
and tasteful with wide range of my legal services.

E-mails

We will respond the E-mail being sent to me. I will try to respond immediately so that I
will provide my legal services at the time and the customers enjoy anytime. Emails will
respond to mobile devices. Email marketing is literally the use of email to promote a
product or service. However, besides commercial email, email marketing can also be
used to strengthen customer relationships. It's an inexpensive and easy way to deliver
legal email marketing messages.

 Email list segmentation will help personalize email messages and ensuring that
each offer is tailored to a specific audience.
 Optimizing the email subject will target specific target groups.

TV ads

Television Ads are also a successful channel for promoting our services. We will place

and ask to play Television ad at the prime time when majority of people use to watch TV

in the area.

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Website marketing

My website is designed to effectively tell my services story and promote my unique offer
of the services. Potential customers can easily browse my website and learn about the
brand and menus, make reservations and navigate from the website to social media
platforms. I will be consistent integrate and monitor web advertising and SEO to ensure
our website appears when visitors search related questions. Firm also integrates
conversion funnel optimization to ensure that the website converts optimally. Optimizing
the conversion funnel ensures that users do not drop off while using the site.
Companies use its website to promote its services for the clients and to protect their
rights. It uses to put all the information about its services on the web site and this may
attract the clients worldwide.

Client reviews and testimonials

Testimonials and customer testimonials can go a long way toward achieving legitimate
marketing goals. Prospects will feel more confident when working with an attorney or
lawyer who has been verified by others. The easiest and most effective way to get rave
reviews for your marketing materials is to simply ask. Contact a customer who seems
satisfied with your services and ask them to write a few words about why they are
seeking legal help from you. You can also ask for feedback and reviews in places like
social media posts and email marketing. Most people understand how valuable these
reviews are to professionals and will not be offended by your request. It's just part of
running a business.

MARKET PENETRATION STRATEGY

To increase market penetration, we can employ several strategies to take sales from
our competitors we can use these following strategies:

 Price Adjustment
 Increased Promotions
 More Distribution Channels

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  Product improvement

FINANCIAL PLAN

The following sections are the financial projections for Cheryl Narvaez Legal Advisor for
the next five years. These tables represent a conservative estimate of revenues,
expenses, and growth.

Projected Profit and Loss

The following is our best estimates of future revenues and expenses, based on current
market trends and perceived revenue of my new firm and website.

Cheryl Narvaez Legal Advisor

Financial Forecasts
Forecasts Revenue and Expenses
2023 2024 2025 2026 2027

Income
Cash Income
Total Income/Revenue $ 156,000 $ 171,600 $ 188,760 $ 207,636 $ 228,400
Expenses $ 4,800 $ 5,280 $ 5,808 $ 6,389 $ 7,028

Gross Margin $ 151,200 $ 166,320 $ 182,952 $ 201,247 $ 221,372

Operating Expenses
Advertising & Promotion $ 1,200 $ 1,320 $ 1,452 $ 1,597 $ 1,757
Insurance $ 500 $ 550 $ 605 $ 666 $ 732
license $ 500 $ 550 $ 605 $ 666 $ 732
Utilities $ 8,400 $ 9,240 $ 10,164 $ 11,180 $ 12,298
Total Expenses $ 10,600 $ 11,660 $ 12,826 $ 14,109 $ 15,519
Earnings Before Interest &
Taxes $ 140,600 $ 154,660 $ 170,126 $ 187,139 $ 205,852

Interest Expense $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -
Earnings Before Taxes $ 140,600 $ 154,660 $ 170,126 $ 187,139 $ 205,852

Income Taxes 7.50% $ 10,545 $ 11,600 $ 12,759 $ 14,035 $ 15,439

Net Earnings $ 130,055 $ 143,061 $ 157,367 $ 173,103 $ 190,414

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 Discounted Cash Flow Valuation

Discount Rate 10%

Year 0 1 2 3 4 5

Initial Investment -10000

$
Net Earning $ 130,055 $ 143,061 $ 157,367 173,103 $ 190,414

Net Cash Flow -10000 130055 143060.5 157366.55 173103.2 190413.53

Discount Factor 1 0.909091 0.82644 0.75131 0.68301 0.6209213

Discounted Cash
Flow -10000 118231.8 118231.8 118231.8 118231.8 118231.82

$ 581,159.09

Revenue vs Expenses
$250,000

$200,000

$150,000

$100,000

$50,000

$-
2023 2024 2025 2026 2027

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 Operating Expenses
$14,000

$12,000

$10,000

$8,000

$6,000

$4,000

$2,000

$-
Advertising & Promotion Insurance license Utilities

2023 2024 2025 2026 2027

IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY

The Firm will make a positive impact on the economy of the country. The Firm’s net
profit as well as its payroll expenses will increase, thus increasing total taxes paid.
Increase in both net income and payroll taxes through the years.

CONCLUSION:

Venezuela ranks fifth in the world in oil proven reserves and has the largest
accumulation of liquid fuel in the world. Venezuela has experienced a dramatic decline
in its oil and gas industry. To change its fortunes, a complete overhaul of the legal and
institutional framework for the sector is required, with international investment as a key
objective. Oil advisors in Venezuela’s law assist clients with a wide range of legal
matters, including negotiating and drafting contracts for the exploration, development,
and production of oil and gas resources, handling disputes with partners and regulators,
and protecting intellectual property rights. They may also advise clients on the
acquisition and divestiture of oil and gas assets, and provide guidance on tax and
financing issues related to the industry. Overall, the role of an oil advisor in Venezuela’s

20
law is to help clients navigate the legal and regulatory landscape of the oil and gas
industry and ensure that they are in compliance with all relevant laws and regulations.
This Business plan is written for the immigration purposes, E2 visa. Cheryl Narvaez
Legal Advisor is a relatively new entrepreneurial project which could help to experience
the oil and gas market in Venezuela through all the regulation that apply to get a
contract in Venezuela for the USA base companies. So there is competition in this type
of business. Many Legal Advisors are providing this facility. But with the best working
experience and the technical & professional services we want to introduce our updated
and innovative idea for Legal services to my valued customers at the competitively
prices. The financial projections for Cheryl Narvaez Legal Advisor for the next five years
also mentioned in above pages. These tables represent a conservative estimate of
revenues, expenses, and growth.

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REFERENCES:

1. Source of figure 1: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

(2020), OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin 2020,
https://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/publications/202.htm; BP (2020),
Statistical Review of World Energy,
https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/energy-economics/statistical-
review-of-world-energy.html; and authors’ calculations. Note: Charts
display gross production of oil and natural gas relative to the year
2000.
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Venezuela
3. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-challenge-of-
Venezuela%3A-a-SWOT-analysis-Duarte-
Ettkin/ba1d97329e94eb479ef231114d0c881762ff83ae

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