Professional Documents
Culture Documents
WITH MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS.
• TYPES OF MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS.
5. U Srinivas Mandolin
• Zakir Hussein
• Pandit Anokhelal Mishra
• Pandit Kishan Maharaj
• Ahmed Jan Thirakwa
• Ustad Sabir Khan
• Sandeep Das
• Allah Rakha [important]
12. Tabla
• Bickram Ghosh
• Ananda Gopal Bandopadhyay
[Benaras Gharana]
• Pandit Jasraj
• Tanmoy Bose
• Swapan Chaudhari
• Pandit Nikhil Jyoti Ghosh
• Sundaram Balachander
• Venkatesha Doraiswamy Iyengar
16. Veena
• Veena Dhanammal
• Jayanthi Kumaresh
• Lalgudi Jayaraman
• V.G Jog
• T.N Krishnan
• M.S. Gopalakrishnan
• L Subramaniam [CARNATIC
MUSIC]
19. Violin
• R.P Shastri
• Smt. N Rajam
• Nagai R Muralidharan
• Mohanan Chandrasekaran
• Dwaram Venkataswamy Naidu
• Satyadev Pawar
• Nana Panse
• Nathdwara
• Kudai Singh
24. Pakhawaj
• Totaram Sharma
• Pandit Mohan Shyam Sharma
• Arjun Shejwal
Saxophone
Xylophone Sarod
Notes :- Saxophone is a wind instrument. Whereas Sitar and mandolin both are String
Instrument and Pakhawaj is a Percussion Instrument.
Key Points
◘ Ustad Allarakha Qureshi popularly known as Alla Rakha.
◘ He was an Indian tabla player.
◘ Born on: 29 April 1919 [Ghagwal, Jammu and Kashmir, British India]
◘ Died on: 3 February 2000 (aged 80) [Mumbai, Maharashtra]
Note :-
• Violin — 4 String
• Guitar – 6 String
• Sarod – 17 to 25-string
• A Sitar – 18, 19, 20, or 21 strings.
Key Points
• Original name of Bismillah Khan: Qamruddin Khan.
• Birth place: Dumraon, Bihar and Orissa province, British India
• Died on : August 21, 2006 [Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh]
• Major awards received by Bismillah Khan: Padma Bhushan, Padma Shri, Bharat Ratna
and Padma Vibhushan
Key Points
◘ Pandit Ravi Shankar name : Robindro Shaunkor Chowdhury
◘ Born : 7 April 1920 [Benares, Benares State, British Raj]
◘ Died: 11 December 2012 (aged 92) [San Diego, California, US]
◘ Instruments: Sitar
◘ Major awards received by Pandit ravi shankar:
• Bharat Ratna (1999)
• Padma Vibhushan (1981)
• Padma Bhushan (1967)
• Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (1962)
• Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship (1975)
• Ramon Magsaysay Award (1992)
• Commander of the Legion of Honour of France (2000)
14. Hari Prasad Chaurasia is well known for which Musical Instrument?
A. Flute
B. Sarod
SSC BABA BY – AMIT BHARDWAZ & ARJUN
8
C. Tabla
D. Santoor
Key Points
◘ Dhakshinamoorthy Pillai (1875–1936), was a leading mridangam and kanjira artist.
◘ He associated with Carnatic music.
==============================================================
# GHATAM is a large, narrow-mouthed earthenware pot used as a
percussion instrument.
#EKTARA is a single string musical instrument made using bamboo and a
gourd, mostly used by traditional folk singers in Maharashtra.
# The musical instrument ‘kartal’ from the state of Rajasthan comes under
the category of IDIOPHONES .
# Which of the following musical instruments is an example of the stringed
instruments played by the Manganiars of West Rajasthan?
- KAMAICHA
# The traditional binding instrument called ‘Pena is related to the States of
Manipur.
==============================================================
==
HINDUSTANI MUSIC
§ Hindustani Music is one of the two distinct schools of Indian
Classical Music practiced mainly in North India. The other school
of Indian Classical Music is Carnatic music which is practiced
mainly in Southern India.
KHAYAL
§ Word ‘Khayal’ is derived from Persian and means “idea or
imagination”.
§ Origin of this style was attributed to Amir Khusrau.
§ Is popular amongst the artists as this provides greater scope for
improvisation.
§ Based on the repertoire of short songs ranging from two to eight
lines. Is also referred to as a ‘Bandish’.
§ Khayal is also composed in a particular raga and tala and has a
brief text.
TARANA STYLE
§ In this style the rhythm plays a very crucial role. The structure
consists of melody.
§ It uses many words that are sung at a fast tempo.
§ It focuses on producing rhythmic matters and hence, the singers
need specialised training and skills in rhythmic manipulation.
§ Currently, the Worlds Fastest Tarana Singer is Pandit Rattan
Mohan Sharma of the Mewati Gharana.
THUMRI
§ Originated in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, mainly in Lucknow &
Benares, around 18th century.
§ A romantic & erotic style of singing; also called “the lyric of Indian
classical music”.
§ Compositions are mostly on love, separation and devotion.
§ Distinct feature: Erotic subject matter portrayed picturesquely
from the various episodes of the lives of Lord Krishna & Radha.
§ Lyrics are typically in Brij Bhasha and are usually romantic &
religious.
§ A Thumri is usually performed as the last item of a Khayal concert.
§ Three main gharanas of thumri — Benaras, Lucknow and Patiala.
§ Begum Akhtar is one of the most popular singers of thumri style.
TAPPA
§ In this style the rhythm plays a very important role as the
compositions are based on fast, subtle and knotty constructions.
§ Developed in the late 18th Century AD from the folk songs of camel
riders of North-West India.
§ Great use of very quick turn of phrases.
§ Some of the expounders of this style: Mian Sodi, Pandit Laxman
Rao of Gwalior and Shanno Khurana.
GHAZAL
§ A poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the
beauty of love in spite of that pain.
§ Originated in Iran in the 10th century AD.
§ A Ghazal never exceeds the 12 ashaar or couplets.
Spread in South Asia in the 12th century due to the influence of Sufi
§
mystics and the courts of the new Islamic Sultanate. Reached its
zenith in the Mughal period.
§ Amir Khusrau was one of the first expounders of the art of making
Ghazal.
§ Some of the famous persons associated with Ghazals: Muhammad
Iqbal, Mirza Ghalib, Rumi (13th century), Hafez (14th century),
Kazi Nazrul Islam, etc.
HINDUSTANI MUSIC GHARANAS
§ A Gharana is a system of social organisation linking musicians or
dancers by lineage or apprenticeship, and by adherence to a
particular musical style.
§ Function in guru-shishya parampara, i.e. disciples learning under a
particular guru, transmitting his musical knowledge and style.
Gharana Place Founder
=======================================
• Gauhar Jaan - Indian Singer and Dancer. Hindustani classical music such
as thumri, dadra, kajri, and tarana.
• Binodini Dasi (1863–1941), also known as Notee Binodini, was an
Indian Bengali actress and thespian. She started acting at the age of 12
and ended by the time she was 23, as she later recounted in her noted
autobiography, Amar Katha (The Story of My Life) published in 1913.
• Rasoolan hussain (1902 – 15 December 1974) was a
leading Indian Hindustani classical music vocal musician. Belonging to
1. अ$पूणा) दे वी सुरबहारी
• जािकर Aसैन
• पंिडत अनोखेलाल िमSा
• पंिडत िकशन महाराज
• अहमद जान िथरकवा
• उ6ाद सािबर खान
• संदीप दास
• अ7ाह र8ा
12. तबला
• िबvम घोष
• आनंद गोपाल बंदोपाwाय
[बनारस घराना]
• पंिडत जसराज
• तxय बोस
• yपन चौधरी
• पंिडत िनaखल zोित घोष
• पंिडत रिवशंकर
• िवलायत खान
• बुधािद• मुखज€
• शािहद परवेज खान
14. िसतार
• अनु•ा शंकर
• राजीव जनाद) न
• शािहद परवेज
• िनaखल बनज€
• सुंदरम बालचंदर
• वƒकटे श दोराईyामी अयंगर
16. वीणा
• वीणा धन„ल
• जयंती कुमारे श
• लालगुडी जयरामन
• वीजी जोग
• टीएन कृcन
• एमएस गोपालकृcन
• एल सु†म‡म [कना)टक संगीत]
19. • आरपी शाˆी वायोिलन (सारं गी)
• Sीमती एन राजामी
• नागई आर मुरलीधरन
• मोहनन चं‚शेखरन
• ‰ारम वƒकटyामी नायडू
• स•दे व पवार
• नाना पानसे
• नाथ‰ारा
• कुदाई िसंह
24. पखावज
• तोताराम शमा)
• पंिडत मोहन •ाम शमा)
• अजु)न शेजवाल
अकािड) यन
घंटी सारं गी
(हारमोिनका)
नोट :- सै›ोफोन एक वायु वाk यं… है । जबिक िसतार और म”डोिलन दोनों ही तार वाk ह” और
पखवाज एक ताल वाk है ।
नोट :-
• वायिलन - 4 a§sं ग
• िगटार - 6 a§sं ग
• सरोद - 17 से 25 a§sं ग
• एक िसतार - 18, 19, 20, या 21 तार।
मु© िबंदु
• िबab7ाह खान का मूल नाम: कमt{ीन खान।
• जx ªथान: डु मरांव, िबहार और उड़ीसा Jांत, ि†िटश भारत
• 21 अग6, 2006 को मृ•ु हो गई [वाराणसी, उ«र Jदे श]
• िबab7ाह खान को िमले Jमुख पुर¬ार: प- भूषण, प- Sी, भारत रŽ और प- िवभूषण
मु© िबंदु
पंिडत रिव शंकर का नाम: रॉिब—sो शंकोर चौधरी
◘ जx : 7 अJैल 1920 [बनारस, बनारस राz, ि†िटश राज]
◘ मृ•ु: 11 िदसंबर 2012 (उ¥ 92) [सैन िडएगो, कैिलफ़ोिन)या, यूएस]
◘ उपकरण: िसतार
◘ पंिडत रिव शंकर को िमले Jमुख पुर¬ार:
• भारत रŽ (1999)
• प- िवभूषण (1981)
• प- भूषण (1967)
• संगीत नाटक अकादमी पुर¬ार (1962)
• संगीत नाटक अकादमी फैलोिशप (1975)
• रे मन मैœेसे पुर¬ार (1992)
• ¯ांस की सेना के स„ान के कमांडर (2000)
=================================================
# घाटम एक बड़ा, संकरा मुंह वाला िमQी का बतRन है िजसका उपयोग तबला
वाX यंY के Zप म[ िकया जाता है ।
#एकतारा बांस और लौकी का उपयोग करके बनाया गया एक एकल तार वाला
वाX यंY है , िजसका उपयोग _ादातर महारा`a के पारं पbरक लोक गायकों cारा
िकया जाता है ।
# पुजाbरयों cारा िकए जाने वाले आनुwािनक नृyों के दौरान पोनू यो{ी नामक
तलवार जैसा वाX यंY िकस रा_ म[ है ?
अ}णाचल uदे श
कनाRटक संगीत
कनाBटक संगीत आमतौर पर दIJण भारत से जड़
ु ी संगीत कL एक Mणाल; है ,
िजसमP आधRु नक भारतीय राTय कनाBटक , आं7 Mदे श , तेलंगाना, केरल और
त3मलनाडु और Wीलंका शा3मल हX ।
लYमीनारायण सZ
ु म[यम (ज]म 23 जल
ु ाई 1947) एक भारतीय वाय3लन
वादक, संगीतकार और कंडeटर हX, जो शाghीय कनाBटक संगीत परं परा और
पिiचमी शाghीय संगीत मP M3शIJत हX।
• सावBजRनक सेवा के 3लए रे मन मै†सेसे परु gकार Mाxत करने वाले पहले
भारतीय संगीतकार एम.एस. सˆु बल
ु Yमी (1974)। एक भारतीय कनाBटक
गाRयका जो भारत र{न, भारत के सव‰Šच नाग‹रक सŒमान से सŒमाRनत होने
वाल; पहल; संगीतकार थीं।