Vanguard

Project Phase - I Report

Submitted By

Agnes Teresa Maliackal (Reg. No. SJC19EC001)

Aishwarya Sukumaran (Reg. No. SJC19EC003)
Jofit Cyriac (Reg. No. SJC19EC035)
Sonu Jose (Reg. No. SJC19EC059)
to
the APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree
of
Bachelor of Technology
in
Electronics and Communication Engineering

Department of Electronics & Communication

Engineering
St.Joseph’s College of Engineering & Technology
Palai-686 579
December 2022
 St.Joseph’s College of Engineering and Technology, Palai

Department of Electronics and Communication

Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the report entitled Vanguard submitted by Agnes Teresa
Maliackal (Reg. No. SJC19EC001), Aishwarya Sukumaran (Reg. No. SJC19EC003),
Jofit Cyriac (Reg. No. SJC19EC035) and Sonu Jose (Reg. No. SJC19EC059),
Seventh Semester B.Tech Electronics and Communication Engineering students,
is a bonafide record of the Project Phase - 1 done by them, under our guidance and
supervision, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree,
B.Tech Electronics and Communication Engineering of APJ Abdul Kalam
Technological University, Kerala.

Ms. Rincy Merin Varkey Mr. Anto Manuel Dr. Arun. P

Supervisor Project Coordinator Associate Professor & Head
Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Dept. of ECE
Dept. of ECE Dept. of ECE
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Acknowledgment

We wish to record our indebtedness and thankfulness to all who helped us prepare
this Project Phase - I Report titled Vanguard and present it in a satisfactory way.
We would like to convey our special gratitude to Dr. V.P. Devassia, Principal,
SJCET, Palai,for the moral support he provided. We express our sincere thank-
fulness to Dr. Arun. P, Head of the department,Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering for his co-operation and valuable suggestions. Also
we express our sincere thanks to project co-ordinators Dr. Arun. P and Mr.
Anto Manuel for their helpful feedback and timely assistance.
We are especially thankful to our guide Ms. Rincy Merin Varkey,Assistant
Professor, Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering for giving
us valuable suggestions and critical inputs in the preparation of this report.
We also extend our thanks to all our friends who helped us by giving motiva-
tion. Their smallest piece of advice was really valuable. Once again we convey
our gratitude to all those persons who had directly or indirectly influenced our
work as a whole.

Agnes Teresa Maliackal

Aishwarya Sukumaran
Jofit Cyriac
Sonu Jose
St.Joseph’s College of Engineering & Technology
Palai-686 579.

Department of ECE St.Joseph’s College of Engineering & Technology, Palai

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Abstract

Monitoring health conditions of athletes is a tedious task due to the large quantity
of data that has to be analyzed. Additionally, a wearable technology that is more
accurate than humans at predicting people’s health conditions and also analyzing
their performance is not currently available.
Here, we are developing a wearable gadget that can track people’s health and
performance in challenging conditions. This project aims develop an integrated
sensor platform that will record physiological data (e.g., heart rate, oxygen satu-
ration, physical activity levels, skin temperature, and galvanic skin response) of
athletes in harsh environments. The envisioned lightweight device will consist
of several commercially available sensors and a microcontroller for physiological
data acquisition and integration. A standalone, portable, and small single-board
computer (e.g., Raspberry Pi, or alternative) will complement the device for an-
alyzing the extracted data based on prebuilt machine learning models. The data
gathered from various wearable devices is fed into a machine learning algorithm
which will monitor and alert/predict the condition of that particular person and
predict the physical and psychological performance of the athletes

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Contents

Certificate i

Acknowledgement ii

Abstract iii

Contents iv

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2 Literature Review 4

3 Design 6
3.1 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2 Description of dataset and smart wearable used for data acquistion 9

4 Case Study 10

5 Activities to be Completed in Next Semester 21

6 Conclusions 22

7 Future Scope 23

Bibliography 24

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List of Figures

1.1 Wearable Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3.1 Block Diagram of Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.2 Block Diagram of Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.3 Fog Centric healthcare Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

4.1 Bar graph of the age of athletes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4.2 Pie graph shows the gender of athlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.3 Height and Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.4 Height And Weight of Athlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.5 Height And Weight of Athlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.6 Height And Weight of Athlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.7 Height And Weight of Athlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.8 Bar Graph Showing the current Main Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.9 How long you spent time in your current main Sports . . . . . . . 15
4.10 Bar graph presenting themain goals as an Athlete . . . . . . . . . 15
4.11 Pie graph showing the athlete need to do in order to achieve these
goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.12 Graph shows the need of the athletes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.13 How can wearables improve players health and safety . . . . . . . 17
4.14 How can wearables improve players health and safety . . . . . . . 17
4.15 How can wearables improve players health and safety . . . . . . . 18
4.16 How can wearables improve players health and safety . . . . . . . 18
4.17 How can wearables improve players health and safety . . . . . . . 19
4.18 Pie chart showing factor when considering a wearable device for
Athlete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.19 Pie Chart showing How often will athlets get injured . . . . . . . 20

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Department of ECE St.Joseph’s College of Engineering & Technology, Palai

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Chapter 1

Introduction

Health and performance are two of the most prominent terms in sports that make
extensive use of technological advancement. Here we are developing a wearable
device that can track people’s health and analyze their performance.

Young athletes are more likely to experience health issues, especially at the start
of the training season. Dehydration is a common side effect of this physically
demanding sport discipline, which can then be followed by hypotension, im-
paired coordination, weariness, and, occasionally, fainting spells. Health mon-
itoring is helpful for detecting exhaustion, gauging an athlete’s response to the
load of the exercise, and reducing the danger of injury, heart issues, and other
disorders during a sporting event. Power output, speed, time-motion analysis, and
accelerometer-derived data are common ways to quantify exercise load. Further-
more, for safe exercise, it’s important to keep an eye on your heart rate, respiratory
and metabolic indices, body temperature, and other factors. The usage of wear-
able devices to track athletes’ physical activity and health issues is growing.

Trainers, coaches, and doctors have received support from machine learning-
based fitness monitoring systems in the health and fitness industry by receiving
real-time decision support and injury early detection. The risks related to athletes’
health can be especially diminished by the technologically advanced healthcare
delivery services. The traditional medical treatments have been changed by this
better fitness field to a modern one that includes their prevention by anticipating
and identifying the health concerns beforehand. By allowing trainers and doctors
to provide services remotely, such systems are more advantageous in reducing
healthcare expenditures[6].

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Nowadays, the focus of health and fitness domain has been evolved to include
prevention, and early detection of injuries. For example, athletes, especially be-
ginners who constantly overdo gym workout often experience fatigue, mental ex-
haustion, and muscle fractures. Such injuries of an exercisers can be prevented by
analyzing data acquired from smart wearable in real time [7].

1.1 Motivation
Most of the athletes mess up their carrier due to over exhaustion which can lead
to critical health condition like chronic disease, coma and even dead

Sometimes the coaches are unable to detect the fault in athletes and provide them
with suitable remedies like guiding them with suitable training and diet

Athletes have problem in maintaining their personal life and carrier, most of the
athletes are constantly under pressure due to the expectation of the country and
people have on them. This can lead to stress

If thay have a device that can predict their performance and provide proper remiedies,
We can eliminate personal doctors for athletes

1.2 Objective
Our project aims to develop a wearable device which helps athletes to monitor
their performance and health. To in-cooperate ML algorithm to predict the per-
formance level of persons . To design a conceptual model that uses IoT enabled
smart device to monitor the health of individuals.

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Figure 1.1: Wearable Device

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Chapter 2

Literature Review

Daniele Ravi [1] , proposes that the increasing popularity of wearable devices in
recent years means that a diverse range of physiological and functional data can
now be captured continuously for applications in sports, wellbeing, and health-
care. This wealth of information requires efficient methods of classification and
analysis where deep learning is a promising technique for large-scale data ana-
lytics. While deep learning has been successful in implementations that utilize
high-performance computing platforms, its use on low-power wearable devices is
limited by resource constraints.
T. Moulahi, S. Zidi, A. Alabdulatif and M. Atiquzzaman,[2], proposed that Com-
munication between the nodes in a wearable device is performed using many pro-
tocols. The most common of these is known as the Controller Area Network
(CAN). The functionality of the CAN protocol is based on sending messages from
one node to all others throughout a bus. Messages are sent without either source
or destination addresses. Consequently, it is simple for an attacker to inject mali-
cious messages.
F. John Dian, R. Vahidnia and A. Rahmati[3] proposed that Smart wearables col-
lect and analyze data, and in some scenarios make a smart decision and provide a
response to the user and are finding more and more applications in our daily life.
In this paper, we comprehensively survey the most recent and important research
works conducted in the area of wearable Internet of Things (IoT) and classify the
wearables into four major clusters: (i) health, (ii) sports and daily activity, (iii)
tracking and localization, and (iv) safety.
Chander H, Burch RF, Talegaonkar P, Saucier D, Luczak T, Ball JE, Turner A,
Kodithuwakku Arachchige SNK, Carroll W, Smith BK, Knight A and Prabhu
RK.[4], proposed that Wearable sensors are useful for fall detection, mobility

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analysis, rehabilitation, continuous health monitoring, and human performance

evaluation. Stretchable clothing is being used more and more to track human mo-
bility. Additionally, falls are one of the main reasons for occupational fatalities
and nonfatal injuries. In particular for jobs with significant fall risks, the adoption
of wearable technology in the workplace could be an effective solution for human
movement tracking and fall detection. This study covers the need for wearable
technology in the field of ergonomics and the present wearable devices used for
fall detection. It also gives an in-depth assessment of various wearable stretch
sensors. The article also suggests using soft robotic stretch (SRS) sensors to track
human movement and detect falls.

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Chapter 3

Design

3.1 Requirements
Pulse Oximeter To measure the oxygen level(oxygen saturation) of the blood(heart
attack, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

Heart Rate Sensor To track the heart rate during exercise

Monitoring stress & activity level.

Accdelerometer Activity monitoring

Step counting

Temperature sensor To monitor skin temperature

Battery 420mah

Node MCU Esp 8266

Working

We are recording the heart rate, heart rate variability, breath rate,body tempra-
ture and determined athlete’s movement using a 3D-acceleration. Here we are
proposing a method to collect and analyze exercise specific data which can be
used to measure exercise intensity and its benefit to athlete’s health and serve as-
recommendation system for upcoming athletes.

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Figure 3.1: Block Diagram of Receiver

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Figure 3.2: Block Diagram of Transmitter

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Figure 3.3: Fog Centric healthcare Framework

3.2 Description of dataset and smart wearable used

for data acquistion
1. Data - Physiological data Parameter - Gender, age, height, weight,prior health
state,trainer and family physician etc

2. Data - Body vitals Parameter - Heart rate , breathing rate, skin tempera-
ture,hear rate variability (HRV)etc at 1Hz frequency. Breathing wave form(bwform)
at 25Hz frequency. ECG waveform (ecgw form)at 250 Hz Smart Wearable -
Zephyr bioharness 3

3. Data - Body movement/posture Parameter - Vertical,lateral and sagittal move-

ment at 100 Hz frequency. Smart Wearable - Zephyr bioharness 3

4. Data - Workout data Parameter - Exercise name,exercise apparatus, weight

and number of repetitions Smart Wearable - Smart phone application

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Chapter 4

Case Study

Many researchs have been done in the field of IoT and health monitoring with the
help of Machine Learning.It has been noted that current research focuses mostly
on wireless healthcare delivery systems leveraging smart wearables for remote ac-
cess.From our research, it is seen that most of the athletes are foodball players.
And most of them prefer quality of the product over price, weight and durabil-
ity. The research also tells that size is a factor when considering a wearable de-
vices for athletes

What is your age?

Figure 4.1: Bar graph of the age of athletes

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Gender of the Athletes

Figure 4.2: Pie graph shows the gender of athlets

Current Main Sports

What is particularly important to you in our Project ?
How can wearables improve players health and safety?
Is size really a factor when considering a wearable device for Athlete?

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Height And Weight of Athlets

Figure 4.3: Height and Weight

Figure 4.4: Height And Weight of Athlets

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Figure 4.5: Height And Weight of Athlets

Figure 4.6: Height And Weight of Athlets

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Figure 4.7: Height And Weight of Athlets

Figure 4.8: Bar Graph Showing the current Main Sports

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How long you spent time in your current main Sports?

Figure 4.9: How long you spent time in your current main Sports

What are your main goals as an Athlete?

Figure 4.10: Bar graph presenting themain goals as an Athlete

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What does an athlete need to do in order to achieve these goals?

Figure 4.11: Pie graph showing the athlete need to do in order to achieve these
goals

Figure 4.12: Graph shows the need of the athletes

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Figure 4.13: How can wearables improve players health and safety

Figure 4.14: How can wearables improve players health and safety

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Figure 4.15: How can wearables improve players health and safety

Figure 4.16: How can wearables improve players health and safety

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Figure 4.17: How can wearables improve players health and safety

Figure 4.18: Pie chart showing factor when considering a wearable device for
Athlete

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How often will you get injured?

Figure 4.19: Pie Chart showing How often will athlets get injured

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Chapter 5

Activities to be Completed in Next

Semester

1. Data Set Gathering

2. Validating the data set.
3. Simulation.
4. Prototyping.
5. Final Product.
6. Circuit Diagram.
7. Programming and Hardware Section needed to be studied.
8.Flowchart and Algorithm.
9. 3D Printing for product casing.
10. Design Specification.
11. Bill of Materials

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Chapter 6

Conclusions

With our wearable, here we are developing a technology to help athletes and teams
to unleash their true potential, Here we are developing a wearable device that can
detect the physical as well the mental health of the athelets. Through this device
we can predict the performance of athelets by using machine learning.

This will help the athelets to main their professional life as well as their personal
life. Due to their busy trainig and hectic shedule they are not able to keep track of
their diet and health. In order to overcome these barriers we are developing this
wearable device.

Systems based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning that use smart
wearable technologies are quickly developing to track and manage physical activ-
ity and illness. The suggested system will aid athletes, trainers, and doctors in the
interpretation of numerous bodily indicators and raise alarms in the event of any
health threat. The wearable technology uses real-time vital sign monitoring, mo-
bility data, health state history, physical strength, body measurements, and other
health-related features that are useful in the exercise environment to assess physi-
cal fitness and prevent health risks.

The framework combines the capabilities of body vitals research with autonomous
workout classification, real-time warning creation, and study on potential health
risks to athletes. We are gathering information related to each activity that will be
used to study the effects of each exercise on the athlete’s body and serve as the
foundation for a system of recommendations for aspiring athletes.

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Chapter 7

Future Scope

With the rise of health and fitness apps, smartwatches and wearable devices, ‘dig-
ital wellness’ is continuing to play a bigger part in our everyday lives.

A new report presents a number of significant forecasts in the future of wear-

able wellness and connected devices health landscape over the next five years.

Key predictions include:

• One of the key growth areas for wearable healthcare devices integration is
implantable medical technology.

• Wearable devices for vital signs monitoring will reach USD$980M market
by 2024, growing at 21.7% CAGR.

• Areas of concern that will need addressing are data security, privacy as well
as opportunities for advanced data

• analytics.

• Remote data collection solutions will substantially enhance the operational

efficiency of healthcare services.

• Wearable devices and IoT will reduce human intervention in healthcare,

enabling context-based automation.[5]

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Bibliography

[1] F. John Dian, R. Vahidnia and A. Rahmati, ”Wearables and the Inter-
net of Things (IoT), Applications, Opportunities, and Challenges: A Sur-
vey,” in IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 69200-69211, 2020, doi: 10.1109/AC-
CESS.2020.2986329.

[2] T. Moulahi, S. Zidi, A. Alabdulatif and M. Atiquzzaman, ”Comparative Per-

formance Evaluation of Intrusion Detection Based on Machine Learning
in In-Vehicle Controller Area Network Bus,” in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp.
99595-99605, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3095962.

[3] F. John Dian, R. Vahidnia and A. Rahmati, ”Wearables and the Inter-
net of Things (IoT), Applications, Opportunities, and Challenges: A Sur-
vey,” in IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 69200-69211, 2020, doi: 10.1109/AC-
CESS.2020.2986329.

[4] Chander H, Burch RF, Talegaonkar P, Saucier D, Luczak T, Ball JE, Turner
A, Kodithuwakku Arachchige SNK, Carroll W, Smith BK, Knight A, Prabhu
RK. Wearable Stretch Sensors for Human Movement Monitoring and Fall
Detection in Ergonomics. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May
19;17(10):3554. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103554. PMID: 32438649; PMCID:
PMC7277680.

[5] [Online]The future of wearable devices in Healthcare (2019) Medi-

calDirector. Available at: https://www.medicaldirector.com/news/future-
of-health/new-report-reveals-the-future-of-wearable-devices-in-healthcare/
(Accessed: December 28, 2022).

[6] M. Bhatia and S.K.Sood, “A comprehensive health assessment framework to

facilitate IoT-assisted smart workouts: A predictive healthcare perspective,”
Comput. Ind., vols. 92–93, pp. 50–66, Nov. 2017.

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[7] R. Cook, ”Exploring the benefits and challenges of telehealth,” Nursing

times, vol. 108, no. 24, pp. 16–17, 2012.

Department of ECE St.Joseph’s College of Engineering & Technology, Palai

Department of Electronics & Communication
Engineering
St.Joseph’s College of Engineering & Technology,Palai
Palai - 686 579