UpgradePC MullerC

Ñîäåðæàíèå
Ãëàâà 1. Ïðîèñõîæäåíèå ïåðñîíàëüíûõ êîìïüþòåðîâ 27

Ãëàâà 2. Êîìïîíåíòû PC, åãî âîçìîæíîñòè è ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå ñèñòåì 39
Ãëàâà 3. Òèïû è ñïåöèôèêàöèè ìèêðîïðîöåññîðîâ 55
Ãëàâà 4. Ñèñòåìíûå ïëàòû 193
Ãëàâà 5. Áàçîâàÿ ñèñòåìà ââîäà-âûâîäà 285
Ãëàâà 6. Îïåðàòèâíàÿ ïàìÿòü 341
Ãëàâà 7. Èíòåðôåéñ IDE 405
Ãëàâà 8. Èíòåðôåéñ SCSI 425
Ãëàâà 9. Óñòðîéñòâà ìàãíèòíîãî õðàíåíèÿ äàííûõ 457
Ãëàâà 10. Íàêîïèòåëè íà æåñòêèõ äèñêàõ 471
Ãëàâà 11. Õðàíåíèå äàííûõ íà ãèáêèõ äèñêàõ 519
Ãëàâà 12. Íàêîïèòåëè ñî ñìåííûìè íîñèòåëÿìè 541
Ãëàâà 13. Óñòðîéñòâà îïòè÷åñêîãî õðàíåíèÿ äàííûõ 563
Ãëàâà 14. Óñòàíîâêà è êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå íàêîïèòåëåé 601
Ãëàâà 15. Âèäåîàäàïòåðû è ìîíèòîðû 621
Ãëàâà 16. Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé, ïàðàëëåëüíûé è äðóãèå èíòåðôåéñû
ââîäà-âûâîäà 667
Ãëàâà 17. Óñòðîéñòâà ââîäà 691
Ãëàâà 18. Ïîäêëþ÷åíèå ê Internet 725
Ãëàâà 19. Ëîêàëüíàÿ ñåòü 759
Ãëàâà 20. Àóäèîàïïàðàòóðà 791
Ãëàâà 21. Áëîêè ïèòàíèÿ è êîðïóñà 819
Ãëàâà 22. Ïðèíòåðû è ñêàíåðû 859
Ãëàâà 23. Ïîðòàòèâíûå êîìïüþòåðû 901
Ãëàâà 24. Ñáîðêà è ìîäåðíèçàöèÿ êîìïüþòåðà 937
Ãëàâà 25. Ñðåäñòâà äèàãíîñòèêè è òåõíè÷åñêîå îáñëóæèâàíèå 961
Ãëàâà 26. Ïðîãðàììíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå îïåðàöèîííûõ ñèñòåì è ïîèñê
íåèñïðàâíîñòåé 993
Ãëàâà 27. Ôàéëîâûå ñèñòåìû è âîññòàíîâëåíèå äàííûõ 1019
Ãëàâà 28. Çàêëþ÷åíèå 1051
Ñëîâàðü òåðìèíîâ 1057
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå ïðîãðàìì PartitionMagic è Drive Image 1103
Ñîäåðæàíèå 5
Îãëàâëåíèå
H[Z\lhj_
;eZ]h^Zjghklb
Ij_^bkeh\b_
Hq_fwlZdgb]Z
>eydh]hij_^gZagZq_gZwlZdgb]Z
DZdihkljh_gZwlZdgb]Z
Qlhgh\h]h\wlhfba^Zgbb
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Ãëàâà 1. Ïðîèñõîæäåíèå ïåðñîíàëüíûõ êîìïüþòåðîâ 27
BklhjbyjZa\blbydhfivxl_jh\²i_jbh^^hihy\e_gbyi_j\h]hID
Kh\j_f_ggu_dhfivxl_ju
Jh`^_gb_i_jkhgZevgh]hdhfivxl_jZ
I_jkhgZevgucdhfivxl_jnbjfu,%0
e_lkimkly
Ãëàâà 2. Êîìïîíåíòû PC, åãî âîçìîæíîñòè è ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå ñèñòåì 39
QlhlZdh_3&
Lbiukbkl_f
Dhfihg_glukbkl_fu
Ãëàâà 3. Òèïû è ñïåöèôèêàöèè ìèêðîïðîöåññîðîâ 55
Fbdjhijhp_kkhju
BklhjbyjZa\blbyijhp_kkhjh\^hihy\e_gbyi_j\h]h3&
IZjZf_ljuijhp_kkhjh\
Dhjimk3*$
DhjimkZ6(&b6(3
=g_a^Zêyijhp_kkhjh\
JZat_fuijhp_kkhjZ
I_j_]j_\bhoeZ`^_gb_
Khijhp_kkhju
Hrb[db\ijhp_kkhjZobijh\_jdZijhp_kkhjh\
<hafh`ghklvfh^bnbdZpbbijhp_kkhjZ
Dh^h\u_gZa\Zgbyijhp_kkhjh\,QWHO
,QWHOkh\f_klbfu_ijhp_kkhju
I_j\h_ihdhe_gb_ijhp_kkhjh\3
<lhjh_ihdhe_gb_ijhp_kkhjh\3
Lj_lv_ihdhe_gb_ijhp_kkhjh\3
Q_l\_jlh_ihdhe_gb_ijhp_kkhjh\3
Iylh_ihdhe_gb_ijhp_kkhjh\3
R_klh_ihdhe_gb_ijhp_kkhjh\3
Ijhp_kkhjuk_^vfh]hihdhe_gby3
Fh^_jgbaZpbyijhp_kkhjZ
L_klbjh\Zgb_[ukljh^_ckl\byijhp_kkhjZ
Ijbqbgug_bkijZ\ghkl_cijhp_kkhjh\
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Ãëàâà 4. Ñèñòåìíûå ïëàòû 193
NhjfnZdlhjukbkl_fguoieZl
Dhfihg_glukbkl_fghcieZlu
=g_a^Zêyijhp_kkhjh\
GZ[hjufbdjhko_fkbkl_fghceh]bdb
GZ[hjufbdjhko_fkbkl_fghceh]bdbijhp_kkhjh\3HQWLXP
R_klh_ihdhe_gb_fbdjhko_fkbkl_fghceh]bdb3HQWLXP3UR
b3HQWLXP,,,,,
GZagZq_gb_bnmgdpbhgbjh\Zgb_rbg
GZagZq_gb_jZat_fh\jZkrbj_gby
Lbiurbg\\h^Z\u\h^Z
Kbkl_fgu_j_kmjku
Ij_^hl\jZs_gb_dhgnebdlh\\hagbdZxsboijbbkihevah\Zgbbj_kmjkh\
<u[hjkbkl_fghcieZlu
Ãëàâà 5. Áàçîâàÿ ñèñòåìà ââîäà-âûâîäà 285
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:iiZjZlgZybijh]jZffgZyqZklb%,26
Kbkl_fgZy%,26
H[gh\e_gb_%,26
Bkihevah\Zgb_kbkl_fu,0/
JZkij_^_e_gb_&026iZfylb
IZjZf_ljukbkl_fuojZgysb_ky\520%,26
3OXJDQG3OD\%,26
Khh[s_gbyh[hrb[dZo%,26
Ãëàâà 6. Îïåðàòèâíàÿ ïàìÿòü 341
Hi_jZlb\gZyiZfylvhkgh\gu_ihgylby
IZfylvlbiZ520
IZfylvlbiZ'5$0
DwriZfylv²65$0
;ukljh^_ckl\b_aZihfbgZxsbomkljhckl\
Gh\u_lbiu^bgZfbq_kdhchi_jZlb\ghciZfylb
Nbabq_kdZyiZfylv
M\_ebq_gb_h[t_fZiZfylb
MkljZg_gb_hrb[hdiZfylb
Eh]bq_kdZyhj]ZgbaZpbyiZfylb
Ãëàâà 7. Èíòåðôåéñ IDE 405
H[ahjbgl_jn_ckZ,'(
BklhjbyjZa\blbybgl_jn_ckZ,'(
Bgl_jn_ck,'(
I_j\u_,'(^bkdb
Bgl_jn_cku,'(êyjZaebqguokbkl_fguorbg
$7$,'(gZdhibl_eb
Lj_[h\ZgbyklZg^ZjlZ$7$
$7$
KlZg^Zjl$7$
KlZg^Zjl$7$
$7$$7$3,
Îãëàâëåíèå 7
$7$$7$3,
Ãëàâà 8. Èíòåðôåéñ SCSI 425
6PDOO&RPSXWHU6\VWHP,QWHUIDFH6&6,
KlZg^Zjlu$16,6&6,
H^ghijh\h^gu_b^bnn_j_gpbZevgu_rbgu6&6,
KlZg^Zjlu6&6,b6&6,
KlZg^Zjl6&6,
DZ[_ebbjZat_fu6&6,
GZagZq_gb_\u\h^h\jZat_fh\6&6,
Kh\_luihdhgnb]mjZpbbmkljhckl\6&6,
KjZ\g_gb_bgl_jn_ckh\6&6,b,'(
Ãëàâà 9. Óñòðîéñòâà ìàãíèòíîãî õðàíåíèÿ äàííûõ 457
OjZg_gb_^ZgguogZfZ]gblguoghkbl_eyo
BklhjbyjZa\blbymkljhckl\ojZg_gby^ZgguogZfZ]gblguoghkbl_eyo
DZdfZ]gblgh_ihe_bkihevam_lkyêyojZg_gby^Zgguo
FZ]gblhj_abklb\gu_]heh\db
Kihkh[udh^bjh\Zgby^Zgguo
KjZ\g_gb_kihkh[h\dh^bjh\Zgby
>_dh^_ju350/3DUWLDO5HVSRQVH0D[LPXP/LNHOLKRRG
Baf_j_gb__fdhklbgZdhibl_ey
Ãëàâà 10. Íàêîïèòåëè íà æåñòêèõ äèñêàõ 471
QlhlZdh_`_kldbc^bkd
Gh\_crb_^hklb`_gby
Ih\_joghklgZyiehlghklvaZibkb
IjbgpbiujZ[hlugZdhibl_e_cgZ`_kldbo^bkdZo
Hkgh\gu_maeugZdhibl_e_cgZ`_kldbo^bkdZo
OZjZdl_jbklbdbgZdhibl_e_cgZ`_kldbo^bkdZo
Ãëàâà 11. Õðàíåíèå äàííûõ íà ãèáêèõ äèñêàõ 519
GZdhibl_ebgZ]b[dbo^bkdZo
Dhfihg_glu^bkdh\h^Z
Nbabq_kdb_oZjZdl_jbklbdbbijbgpbiujZ[hlu^bkdh\h^h\
Lbiu^bkdh\h^h\
Dhgkljmdpbb^bkd_l
MklZgh\dZ^bkdh\h^Z
JZaj_r_gb_\hafh`guoijh[e_f
J_fhgl^bkdh\h^h\
Ãëàâà 12. Íàêîïèòåëè ñî ñìåííûìè íîñèòåëÿìè 541
AZq_fbkihevah\ZlvgZdhibl_ebkhkf_ggufbghkbl_eyfb
LbiugZdhibl_e_ckhkf_ggufbghkbl_eyfb
KjZ\g_gb_gZdhibl_e_ckhkf_ggufbdZjljb^`Zfb
GZdhibl_ebgZfZ]gblghce_gl_
Ãëàâà 13. Óñòðîéñòâà îïòè÷åñêîãî õðàíåíèÿ äàííûõ 563
QlhlZdh_&'520
LbiugZdhibl_e_c&'520
NhjfZludhfiZdl^bkdh\bgZdhibl_e_cgZdhfiZdl^bkdZo
AZibku\Zxsb_gZdhibl_eb&'520
GZdhibl_eb'9'
Ijh]jZffgh_h[_ki_q_gb_êygZdhibl_ey&'520
AZ]jmadZijh]jZffgh]hh[_ki_q_gby
Kha^Zgb_Z\Zjbcghc^bkd_lukih^^_j`dhcgZdhibl_ey&'520
Kha^Zgb_aZ]jmahqgh]hdhfiZdl^bkdZ
MkljZg_gb_ijh[e_fk\yaZgguok&'520
Ãëàâà 14. Óñòàíîâêà è êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå íàêîïèòåëåé 601
MklZgh\dZ`_kldh]h^bkdZ
IhrZ]h\ZymklZgh\dZgZdhibl_eygZ`_kldbo^bkdZo
AZf_gZkms_kl\mxs_]h^bkdZ
MklZgh\dZgZdhibl_ey&'520
Ijhp_^mjZmklZgh\dbgZdhibl_eygZ]b[dbo^bkdZo
MklZgh\dZe_glhqguogZdhibl_e_c
Ãëàâà 15. Âèäåîàäàïòåðû è ìîíèòîðû 621
L_ogheh]bbhlh[jZ`_gbybgnhjfZpbb
Fhgblhjukwe_dljhgghemq_\ufbljm[dZfb
@b^dhdjbklZeebq_kdb_^bkie_b
IehkdhiZg_evgu_`b^dhdjbklZeebq_kdb_fhgblhju
Djbl_jbb\u[hjZfhgblhjZ
<b^_hZ^Zil_ju
<b^_hZ^Zil_juêyfmevlbf_^bZ
Mkdhjbl_eblj_of_jghc]jZnbdb'$FFHOHUDWRU
Fh^_jgbaZpbybebmklZgh\dZgh\h]h\b^_hZ^Zil_jZ
G_bkijZ\ghklbZ^Zil_jh\bfhgblhjh\
Ãëàâà 16. Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé, ïàðàëëåëüíûé è äðóãèå èíòåðôåéñû
ââîäà-âûâîäà 667
<\_^_gb_\ihjlu\\h^Z\u\h^Z
Ihke_^h\Zl_evgu_ihjlu
<ukhdhkdhjhklgu_ihke_^h\Zl_evgu_ihjlu
Dhgnb]mjZpbyihke_^h\Zl_evguoihjlh\
L_klbjh\Zgb_ihke_^h\Zl_evguoihjlh\
IZjZee_evgu_ihjlu
KlZg^Zjl,(((
Dhgnb]mjZpbyiZjZee_evguoihjlh\
Mkljhckl\Zih^dexqZ_fu_diZjZee_evgufihjlZf
L_klbjh\Zgb_iZjZee_evguoihjlh\
86%bL/LQN)LUH:LUH²gh\u_bgl_jn_cku\\h^Z\u\h^Z
Ãëàâà 17. Óñòðîéñòâà ââîäà 691
DeZ\bZlmju
Mkljhckl\hdeZ\bZlmju
Ihbkdg_bkijZ\ghkl_cbj_fhgldeZ\bZlmju
DZdjZah[jZlvdeZ\bZlmjm
Furv
Ãëàâà 18. Ïîäêëþ÷åíèå ê Internet 725
,QWHUQHWbehdZevgu_k_lb
:kbgojhggu_fh^_fu
KlZg^Zjlufh^_fh\
K_lv,6'1
<u^_e_ggu_ebgbb
K_lbdZ[_evgh]hl_e_\b^_gby&$79
'LUHF3&²^hklmid,QWHUQHWkihfhsvxkimlgbdZ
Kj_^kl\h^hklmiZ'6/
KjZ\g_gb_\ukhdhkdhjhklguokj_^kl\^hklmiZd,QWHUQHW
;ukljucb[_ahiZkguc^hklmid,QWHUQHWbaehdZevghck_lb
IhbkdbmkljZg_gb_g_bkijZ\ghkl_cfh^_fh\
Ãëàâà 19. Ëîêàëüíàÿ ñåòü 759
EhdZevgu_k_lb
IZd_lgZybdhffmlbjm_fZyi_j_^ZqZ
Fh^_ev26,
Dhfihg_gluehdZevghck_lb
IjhlhdheudZgZevgh]hmjh\gy
<ukhdhkdhjhklgu_l_ogheh]bb
Kha^Zgb_h^ghjZg]h\hck_lb
Ijh]jZffgh_h[_ki_q_gb_k_l_\h]hdeb_glZ
Ijhlhdhe7&3,3
Ijyfh_dZ[_evgh_kh_^bg_gb_
<hafh`gu_ijh[e_fuk_l_\h]hijh]jZffgh]hh[_ki_q_gbybboj_r_gb_
Ãëàâà 20. Àóäèîàïïàðàòóðà 791
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A\mdh\u_ieZluhkgh\gu_ihgylbybl_jfbgu
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>bZ]ghklbdZg_bkijZ\ghkl_ca\mdh\uoieZl
:dmklbq_kdb_kbkl_fu
Fbdjhnhgu
Ãëàâà 21. Áëîêè ïèòàíèÿ è êîðïóñà 819
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GZagZq_gb_bijbgpbiujZ[hlu[ehdh\iblZgby
Dhgkljmdlb\gu_jZaf_ju[ehdh\iblZgby
JZat_fu[ehdh\iblZgby
GZ]jmadZ[ehdh\iblZgby
Fhsghklv[ehdh\iblZgby
IZjZf_lju[ehdh\iblZgby
JZkq_lihlj_[ey_fhcfhsghklb
<udexqZlvbebimklvjZ[hlZ_l"
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Ijh[e_fuk\yaZggu_k[ehdZfbiblZgby
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AZsblgu_mkljhckl\Z\k_lbiblZgby
;ZlZj_b57&195$0
Ãëàâà 22. Ïðèíòåðû è ñêàíåðû 859
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L_ogheh]bbi_qZlb
DZdjZ[hlZxlijbgl_ju
P\_lgZyi_qZlv
<u[hjlbiZijbgl_jZ
MklZgh\dZijbgl_jZ
IjhnbeZdlbq_kdh_h[kem`b\Zgb_
GZb[he__h[sb_ijh[e_fuijbgl_jh\
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MkljZg_gb_ijh[e_fijbjZ[hl_kdZg_jh\
Ãëàâà 23. Ïîðòàòèâíûå êîìïüþòåðû 901
W\hexpbyihjlZlb\guodhfivxl_jh\
DhgkljmdpbbihjlZlb\guokbkl_f
JZaf_juihjlZlb\guokbkl_f
Fh^_jgbaZpbybj_fhglihjlZlb\guodhfivxl_jh\
H[hjm^h\Zgb_êyihjlZlb\guokbkl_f
Dhfivxl_jgZyi_jbn_jby
Ãëàâà 24. Ñáîðêà è ìîäåðíèçàöèÿ êîìïüþòåðà 937
Dhfihg_gludhfivxl_jZ
Dhjimkk[ehdhfiblZgby
Kbkl_fgZyieZlZ
GZdhibl_ebgZfZ]gblguo^bkdZobmkljhckl\Zj_a_j\gh]hojZg_gby
GZdhibl_ebgZ`_kldbo^bkdZo
GZdhibl_ev&''9'520
DeZ\bZlmjZbmkljhckl\hihabpbhgbjh\ZgbydmjkhjZfurv
<b^_hZ^Zil_jbfhgblhj
A\mdh\ZyieZlZbZdmklbq_kdb_kbkl_fu
Mkljhckl\Z86%
<kihfh]Zl_evgu_we_f_glu
K[hjdZbjZa[hjdZdhfivxl_jh\
Ih^]hlh\dZdk[hjd_
MklZgh\dZkbkl_fghcieZlu
<hafh`gu_ijh[e_fubkihkh[ubomkljZg_gby
MklZgh\dZhi_jZpbhgghckbkl_fu
Ih^]hlh\dZdjZa[hjd_bebfh^_jgbaZpbbdhfivxl_jZ
Ãëàâà 25. Ñðåäñòâà äèàãíîñòèêè è òåõíè÷åñêîå îáñëóæèâàíèå 961
>bZ]ghklbdZ3&
>bZ]ghklbq_kdb_ijh]jZffu
Bgkljmf_glubijb[hju
Ijh]jZffZijhnbeZdlbq_kdbof_jhijbylbc
Hkgh\gu_gZijZ\e_gbyihbkdZbmkljZg_gbyg_bkijZ\ghkl_c
Ãëàâà 26. Ïðîãðàììíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå îïåðàöèîííûõ ñèñòåì è ïî-
èñê íåèñïðàâíîñòåé 993
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Hi_jZpbhggZykbkl_fZ'26b__dhfihg_glu
:LQGRZV
:LQGRZVo
:LQGRZV17b:LQGRZV
/LQX[
Ãëàâà 27. Ôàéëîâûå ñèñòåìû è âîññòàíîâëåíèå äàííûõ 1019
Kljmdlmju^bkdZ)$7
9)$7bêbggu_bf_gZnZceh\
)$7
Hrb[dbnZceh\hckbkl_fu)$7
<hkklZgh\e_gb_^bkdZb^Zgguo
17)6
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GZb[he__h[sb_kihkh[uj_r_gbyijh[e_fknZceh\hckbkl_fhc
Ãëàâà 28. Çàêëþ÷åíèå 1051
>hdmf_glZpby
Dhfivxl_ju
K_lb
Dhfivxl_jgZyi_jbh^bdZ
K_jlbnbdZpby
BgZihke_^hd
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Bkihevah\Zgb_ijh]jZffu'ULYH,PDJH
Ïðåäìåòíûé óêàçàòåëü 1112
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Çàìå÷àíèå
Èíòåðåñíî, ÷òî IBM ñíà÷àëà îáðàòèëàñü ê Digital Research, ñîçäàòåëþ îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìû
CP/M, íî òå íå çàèíòåðåñîâàëèñü ýòèì ïðåäëîæåíèåì. Òîãäà çà äåëî âçÿëàñü ôèðìà Microsoft, êî-
òîðàÿ ïîçäíåå ïðåâðàòèëàñü â êðóïíåéøóþ â ìèðå êîìïàíèþ èçãîòîâèòåëÿ ïðîãðàììíûõ ïðî-
äóêòîâ. IBM ôàêòè÷åñêè ïðåäëîæèëà èì ñîòðóäíè÷àòü è ïîääåðæàòü íîâûé êîìïüþòåð.
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Òàáëèöà 2.1. Ñïèñîê 10 êðóïíåéøèõ ïðîèçâîäèòåëåé ñèñòåìíûõ ïëàò
(Computer Reseller News)
Ïðîèçâîäèòåëü 1997, ìëí äîëëàðîâ 1996, ìëí äîëëàðîâ
Intel 3,600 3,200

Acer 825 700
AsusTek 640 426
Elitegroup 600 600
First International Computer (FIC) 550 450
QDI Group 320 246
Soyo 254 123
Giga-Byte 237 165
Micro-Star 205 180
Diamond Flower (DFI) 160 100
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Òàáëèöà 2.2. Ïðîöåññîðû Intel è ðàçðÿäíîñòü èõ øèíû äàííûõ
Ïðîöåññîð Ðàçðÿäíîñòü øèíû äàííûõ
8088 8
8086 16
286 16
386SX 16
386DX 32
486 (âñå ìîäåëè) 32
Pentium 64
Pentium MMX 64
Pentium Pro 64
Pentium Celeron/II/III 64
Pentium II/III Xeon 64
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Òàáëèöà 2.3. Ðàçëè÷èÿ ìåæäó êîìïüþòåðàìè êëàññîâ PC/XT è AT
Ïàðàìåòð êîìïüþòåðà Êëàññ PC/XT Êëàññ AT
(8-ðàçðÿäíûé) (16/32/64-ðàçðÿäíûé)
Ïîääåðæèâàåìûé òèï ïðîöåññîðà x86 èëè x88 286 èëè âûøå

Ðåæèì ïðîöåññîðà Ðåàëüíûé Ðåàëüíûé èëè çàùèùåííûé
(âèðòóàëüíûé íà ïðîöåññîðàõ 386
è âûøå)
Ïîääåðæèâàåìîå ïðîãðàììíîå îáåñ- Òîëüêî 16- 16- èëè 32-ðàçðÿäíîå
ïå÷åíèå ðàçðÿäíîå
Ðàçðÿäíîñòü øèí (ðàçúåìîâ) ðàñøèðå- 8 16/32/64
íèÿ
Òèï øèí Òîëüêî ISA ISA, EISA, MCA, PC-Card, Cardbus,
VL-Bus, PCI
Àïïàðàòíûå ïðåðûâàíèÿ 8 (èñïîëüçóåòñÿ 6) 16 (èñïîëüçóåòñÿ 11)
Êàíàëû ïðÿìîãî äîñòóïà ê ïàìÿòè 4 (èñïîëüçóåòñÿ 3) 8 (èñïîëüçóåòñÿ 7)
(DMA)
Ìàêñèìàëüíûé îáúåì ÎÇÓ 1 Ìáàéò 16 Ìáàéò èëè 4 Ãáàéò è áîëåå
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(áûñòðîäåéñòâèå) êîíòðîëëåðà ãèáêîãî
äèñêà, Êáèò/ñ
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Èíòåðôåéñ êëàâèàòóðû Îäíîíàïðàâëåííûé Äâóíàïðàâëåííûé
Ñòàíäàðò íà CMOS-ïàìÿòü/÷àñû Îòñóòñòâóåò Ñîâìåñòèìîñòü ñ MC146818
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Êîðïóñ
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Èñòî÷íèêè ïèòàíèÿ
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Äèñêîâîä ãèáêèõ äèñêîâ

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Íàêîïèòåëü íà æåñòêèõ äèñêàõ
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Íàêîïèòåëü CD-ROM
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Êëàâèàòóðà
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Ìûøü
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Ìîíèòîð (äèñïëåé)
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Ãëàâà 3
Òèïû è ñïåöèôèêàöèè
ìèêðîïðîöåññîðîâ
Ìèêðîïðîöåññîðû 56
Èñòîðèÿ ðàçâèòèÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ äî ïîÿâëåíèÿ
ïåðâîãî PC 56
Ïàðàìåòðû ïðîöåññîðîâ 57
Êîðïóñ PGA 84
Êîðïóñà SEC è SEP 85
Ãíåçäà äëÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ 87
Ðàçúåìû ïðîöåññîðà 92
Ïåðåãðåâ è îõëàæäåíèå 99
Ñîïðîöåññîðû 102
Îøèáêè â ïðîöåññîðàõ è ïðîâåðêà ïðîöåññîðîâ 104
Âîçìîæíîñòü ìîäèôèêàöèè ïðîöåññîðà 104
Êîäîâûå íàçâàíèÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ Intel 106
Intel-ñîâìåñòèìûå ïðîöåññîðû 107
Ïåðâîå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ: P1 (086) 111
Âòîðîå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ: P2 (286) 113
Òðåòüå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ: P3 (386) 115
×åòâåðòîå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ: P4 (486) 118
Ïÿòîå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ: P5 (586) 128
Øåñòîå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ: P6 (686) 147
Ïðîöåññîðû ñåäüìîãî ïîêîëåíèÿ P7 (786) 187
Ìîäåðíèçàöèÿ ïðîöåññîðà 189
Òåñòèðîâàíèå áûñòðîäåéñòâèÿ ïðîöåññîðà 190
Ïðè÷èíû íåèñïðàâíîñòåé ïðîöåññîðîâ 191
Ìèêðîïðîöåññîðû
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Òàáëèöà 3.1. Õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ïðîöåññîðîâ ôèðìû Intel
Ïðîöåññîð Êðàòíîñòü Íàïðÿæåíèå Ðàçðÿäíîñòü Ðàçðÿäíîñòü Ìàêñèìàëü- Âíóòðåííèé
òàêòîâîé ïèòàíèÿ, Â âíóòðåííèõ øèíû íûé îáúåì êýø, Êáàéò
÷àñòîòû ðåãèñòðîâ, áèò äàííûõ, áèò ïàìÿòè
8088 1x 5 16 8 1 Ìáàéò
8086 1x 5 16 16 1 Ìáàéò
286 1x 5 16 16 16 Ìáàéò
386SX 1x 5 32 16 16 Ìáàéò
386SL 1x 3,3 32 16 16 Ìáàéò 01
386DX 1x 5 32 32 4 Ãáàéò
486SX 1x 5 32 32 4 Ãáàéò 8
486SX2 2x 5 32 32 4 Ãáàéò 8
487SX 1x 5 32 32 4 Ãáàéò 8
486DX 1x 5 32 32 4 Ãáàéò 8
486SL2 1x 3,3 32 32 4 Ãáàéò 8
486DX2 2x 5 32 32 4 Ãáàéò 8
486DX4 23x 3,3 32 32 4 Ãáàéò 16
486Pentium OD 2,5x 5 32 32 4 Ãáàéò 2u16
Pentium 60/66 1x 5 32 64 4 Ãáàéò 2u8
Pentium 75-200 1,53x 3,33,5 32 64 4 Ãáàéò 2u8
Pentium MMX 1,5-4,5x 1,82,8 32 64 4 Ãáàéò 2u16
Pentium Pro 2-3x 3,3 32 64 64 Ãáàéò 2u8
512 Êáàéò èëè
1 Ìáàéò
Pentium II 3,54,5x 1,82,8 32 64 64 Ãáàéò 2u16
MMX
Pentium II 3,54,5x 1,82,8 32 64 64 Ãáàéò 2u16
Celeron
Pentium I I 3,57x 1,82 32 64 64 Ãáàéò 2u16
Celeron
Pentium II PE3 3,56õ 1,6 32 64 64 Ãáàéò 2u16
Pentium II 44,5x 1,82,8 32 64 64 Ãáàéò 2u16
Xeon
1 èëè 2 Ìáàéò
Pentium III 4,66õ 1,82 32 64 64 Ãáàéò 2u16
Pentium III Xeon 56õ 1,82 32 64 64 Ãáàéò 2u16

Ïðîöåññîð Òèï âíóò- Êýø Áûñòðîäåé- Âñòðî- Èíñòðóê- Êîëè÷åñòâî Âðåìÿ
ðåííåãî âòîðîãî ñòâèå êýøà åííûé öèè òðàíçèñ- ïîÿâëåíèÿ íà
êýøà óðîâíÿ, âòîðîãî ñîïðî- ìóëüòèìå- òîðîâ ðûíêå
Êáàéò óðîâíÿ öåññîð äèà
8088 29 000 Èþíü 1979 ã.
8086 29 000 Èþíü 1978 ã.
286 134 000 Ôåâðàëü 1982 ã.
386SX Øèíà 275 000 Èþíü 1988 ã.
386SL ×ò. Øèíà 855 000 Îêòÿáðü 1990 ã.
386DX Øèíà 275 000 Îêòÿáðü 1985 ã.
486SX ×ò. Øèíà 1 185 000 Àïðåëü 1991 ã.
486SX2 ×ò. Øèíà 1 185 000 Àïðåëü 1994 ã.
487SX ×ò. Øèíà Åñòü 1 200 000 Àïðåëü 1991 ã.
486DX ×ò. Øèíà Åñòü 1 200 000 Àïðåëü 1989 ã.
486SL ×ò. Øèíà Íåîáÿ- 1 400 000 Íîÿáðü 1992 ã.
çàòåëüíî
486DX2 ×ò. Øèíà Åñòü 1 100 000 Ìàðò 1992 ã.
486DX4 ×ò. Øèíà Åñòü 1 600 000 Ôåâðàëü 1994 ã.
486Pentium OD ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü 3 100 000 ßíâàðü 1995 ã.
Pentium 60/66 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü 3 100 000 Ìàðò 1993 ã.
Pentium 75-200 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü 3 300 000 Ìàðò 1994 ã.
Pentium MMX ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü MMX 4 100 000 ßíâàðü 1997 ã.
Pentium Pro ×ò./Çàï. 256 ßäðî Åñòü 5 500 000 Ñåíòÿáðü
1995 ã.
512 Êáàéò èëè
1 Ìáàéò
Pentium II ×ò./Çàï. 512 Ïîëîâèíà Åñòü MMX 7 500 000 Ìàé 1997 ã.
MMX ÿäðà
Pentium II ×ò./Çàï. 0 Åñòü MMX 7 500 000 Àïðåëü 1998 ã.
Celeron
Pentium II ×ò./Çàï. 128 ßäðî Åñòü MMX 7 500 000 Àïðåëü 1998 ã.
Celeron
Pentium II PE ×ò./Çàï. 256 ßäðî Åñòü MMX 27 400 000 ßíâàðü 1999 ã.
Pentium II ×ò./Çàï. 512 ßäðî Åñòü MMX 7 500 000 Àïðåëü 1998 ã.
Xeon
Pentium III ×ò./Çàï. 512 Ïîëîâèíà ÿäðà Åñòü SSE 9 500 000 Ôåâðàëü 1999 ã.
Pentium III Xeon ×ò./Çàï. 512 ßäðî Åñòü SSE 9 500 000 Ìàðò 1999 ã.
Òàáëèöà 3.2. Õàðàêòåðèñòèêè Intel-ñîâìåñòèìûõ ïðîöåññîðîâ
Ïðîöåññîð Êðàòíîñòü Íàïðÿæåíèå Ðàçðÿäíîñòü Ðàçðÿäíîñòü Ìàêñèìàëüíûé Âíóòðåííèé
òàêòîâîé ïèòàíèÿ, Â âíóòðåííèõ øèíû îáúåì ïàìÿòè, êýø, Êáàéò
÷àñòîòû ðåãèñòðîâ, äàííûõ, áèò Ãáàéò
áèò
AMD-K5 1,51,75x 3,5 32 64 4 16+8

AMD-K6 2,54,5x 2,23,2 32 64 4 2u32
AMD-K6-2 3,55x 2,22,4 32 64 4 2u32
AMD-K6-3 45x 2,22,4 32 64 4 2u32
Cyrix 6x86 2x 2,53,5 32 64 4 16
Cyrix 23,5x 2,9 32 64 4 64
6x86MX/MII
NexgenNx586 2x 4 32 64 4 2u16
IDT Winchip 34x 3,33,5 32 64 4 2u32
IDT Winchip2/2A 2,334x 3,33,5 32 64 4 2u32
Rise mP6 23,5x 2,8 32 64 4 2u8

Ïðîöåññîð Òèï Êýø Áûñòðîäåé- Âñòðî- Èíñòðóê- Êîëè÷åñòâî Âðåìÿ
âíóòðåí- âòîðîãî ñòâèå êýøà åííûé öèè òðàíçè- ïîÿâëåíèÿ íà
íåãî êýøà óðîâíÿ, âòîðîãî ñîïðî- ìóëüòè- ñòîðîâ ðûíêå
Êáàéò óðîâíÿ öåññîð ìåäèà
AMD-K5 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü 4 300 000 Ìàðò 1996 ã.
AMD-K6 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü MMX 8 800 000 Àïðåëü 1997 ã.
AMD-K6-2 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü 3DNow 9 300 000 Ìàé 1998 ã.
AMD-K6-3 ×ò./Çàï. 256 ßäðî Åñòü 3DNow 21 300 000 Ôåâðàëü 1999 ã.
Cyrix 6x86 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü 3 000 000 Ôåâðàëü1996 ã.
Cyrix ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü MMX 6 500 000 Ìàé 1997 ã.

6x86MX/MII
NexgenNx586 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü 3 500 000 Ìàðò 1994 ã.
IDT Winchip ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü MMX 5 400 000 Îêòÿáðü 1997 ã.
IDT Winchip2/2A ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü 3DNow 5 900 000 Ñåíòÿáðü 1998 ã.
Rise mP6 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü MMX 3 600 000 Îêòÿáðü1998 ã.
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Òàáëèöà 3.3. Èíäåêñû iCOMP 2.0 äëÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ
Ïðîöåññîð Èíäåêñ iCOMP 2.0 Ïðîöåññîð Èíäåêñ iCOMP 2.0
Pentium 75 67 Pentium Pro 200 220

Pentium 100 90 Celeron 300 226
Pentium 120 100 Pentium II 233 267
Pentium 133 111 Celeron 300A 296
Pentium 166 127 Celeron 333 318
Pentium-MMX 166 160 Pentium II Overdrive 300 351
Pentium Pro 150 168 Pentium II 333 366
Pentium-MMX 200 182 Pentium II 350 386
Pentium Pro 180 197 Pentium II Overdrive 333 387
Pentium-MMX 233 203 Pentium II 400 440
Celeron 266 213 Pentium II 450 483
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Ïðîöåññîð Èíäåêñ iCOMP 3.0
Pentium II 450 1240

Pentium III 450 1500
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà ïðîöåññîðà è ìàðêèðîâêà

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Òàáëèöà 3.4. Òàêòîâûå ÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðîâ Pentium è ñèñòåìíûõ ïëàò
Òèï ïðîöåññîðà Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå, Ìíîæèòåëü òàêòîâîé Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà
ÌÃö ÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû, ÌÃö
Pentium 60 1x 60
Pentium 66 1x 66
Pentium 75 1,5x 50
Pentium 90 1,5x 60
Pentium 100 1,5x 66
Pentium 120 2x 60
Pentium 133 2x 66
Pentium 150 2,5x 60
Pentium/Pentium Pro 166 2,5x 66
Pentium/Pentium Pro 180 3x 60
Pentium/Pentium Pro 200 3x 66
Pentium/Pentium II 233 3,5x 66
Pentium 266 4x 66
(ìîáèëüíûé)/Pentium II/Celeron
Pentium II/Celeron 300 4,5x 66
Pentium II/Celeron 333 5x 66
Pentium II/Celeron 366 5,5x 66
Pentium Celeron 400 6x 66
Pentium Celeron 433 6,5õ 66
Pentium Celeron 466 7õ 66
Pentium Celeron 500 7,5õ 66
Pentium II 350 3,5õ 100
Pentium II/Xeon 400 4õ 100
Pentium II/III/Xeon 450 4,5õ 100
Pentium III/Xeon 500 5õ 100
Pentium III/Xeon 533 4õ 133
Pentium III/Xeon 600 4,5õ 133
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Òàáëèöà 3.5. Ðåàëüíûå ðàáî÷èå ÷àñòîòû è îöåíêà ýôôåêòèâíîñòè
ïðîöåññîðîâ Cyrix
Òèï ïðîöåññîðà Îöåíêà Ðåàëüíàÿ ðàáî÷àÿ Ìíîæèòåëü òàêòîâîé Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà
Cyrix ýôôåêòèâíîñòè ÷àñòîòà ïðîöåññîðà, ÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû,
(P-Rating) ÌÃö ÌÃö
6x86 PR90 80 2x 40
6x86 PR120 100 2x 50
6x86 PR133 110 2x 55
6x86 PR150 120 2x 60
6x86 PR166 133 2x 66
6x86 PR200 150 2x 75
6x86MX PR133 100 2x 50
6x86MX PR133 110 2x 55
6x86MX PR150 120 2x 60
6x86MX PR150 125 2,5x 50
6x86MX PR166 133 2x 66
6x86MX PR166 137,5 2,5x 55
6x86MX PR166 150 3x 50
6x86MX PR166 150 2,5x 60
6x86MX PR200 150 2x 75
6x86MX PR200 165 3x 55
6x86MX PR200 166 2,5x 66
6x86MX PR200 180 3x 60
6x86MX PR233 166 2x 83
6x86MX PR233 187,5 2,5x 75
6x86MX PR233 200 3x 66
6x86MX PR266 207,5 2,5x 83
6x86MX PR266 225 3x 75
6x86MX PR266 233 3,5x 66
M-II PR300 225 3x 75
M-II PR300 233 3,5x 66
M-II PR333 250 3x 83
M-II PR366 250 2,5x 100
Ýôôåêòèâíîñòü ïðîöåññîðîâ AMD
:gZeh]bqguf h[jZahfkjZ\gb\Z_lkywnn_dlb\ghklv ijhp_kkhjh\$0'k_jbb.Hp_gdZ
wnn_dlb\ghklb k_jbb . mdZau\Z_l gZ j_Zevgmx jZ[hqmx qZklhlm < lZ[e ijb\_^_gu
^Zggu_hj_ZevguojZ[hqboqZklhlZoijhp_kkhjh\ $0'
Òàáëèöà 3.6. Ðåàëüíûå ðàáî÷èå ÷àñòîòû è îöåíêà ýôôåêòèâíîñòè
ïðîöåññîðîâ AMD
Òèï Îöåíêà Ðåàëüíàÿ ðàáî÷àÿ Ìíîæèòåëü òàêòîâîé Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà
ïðîöåññîðà ýôôåêòèâíîñòè ÷àñòîòà ïðîöåññîðà, ÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû, ÌÃö
AMD (P-Rating) ÌÃö
K5 PR75 75 1,5x 50
K5 PR90 90 1,5x 60
K5 PR100 100 1,5x 66
K5 PR120 90 1,5x 60
K5 PR133 100 1,5x 66
K5 PR166 116,7 1,75x 66
K6 PR166 166 2,5x 66
K6 PR200 200 3x 66
K6 PR233 233 3,5x 66
K6 PR266 266 4x 66
K6 PR300 300 4,5x 66
K6-2 PR233 233 3,5x 66
K6-2 PR266 266 4x 66
K6-2 PR300 300 4,5x 66
K6-2 PR300 300 3x 100
K6-2 PR333 333 5x 66
K6-2 PR333 333 3,5x 95
K6-2 PR350 350 3,5x 100
K6-2 PR366 366 5,5x 66
K6-2 PR380 380 4x 95
K6-2 PR400 400 4x 100
K6-2 PR450 450 4,5x 100
K6-2 PR475 475 5x 95
K6-3 PR400 400 4x 100
K6-3 PR450 450 4,5x 100
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Òàáëèöà 3.7. Îáúåì ïàìÿòè, àäðåñóåìîé ïðîöåññîðàìè ôèðìû Intel
Òèï ïðîöåññîðà Ðàçðÿäíîñòü øèíû Áàéò Êáàéò Ìáàéò Ãáàéò
àäðåñà
8088/8086 20 1 048 576 1 024 1

286/386SX 24 16 777 216 16 384 16
386DX/486/Êëàññ P5 32 4 294 967 296 4 194 304 4 096 4
Êëàññ P6 36 68 719 476 736 67 108 864 65 536 64
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Òàáëèöà 3.8. Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå ïðîöåññîðîâ, êýø-ïàìÿòè, ìîäóëåé ïàìÿòè
SIMM/DIMM è ñèñòåìíûõ ïëàò
Òèï öåíòðàëüíîãî Pentium Pentium Pro Pentium II Celeron 500 Pentium III Pentium III
ïðîöåññîðà 333 500 600
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà 233 200 333 500 500 600

öåíòðàëüíîãî ïðî-
öåññîðà, ÌÃö
Äëèòåëüíîñòü öèêëà 4 (233) 5 (200) 3 (333) 2 (500) 2 (500) 1,7 (600)
(è òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà)
êýø-ïàìÿòè ïåðâîãî
óðîâíÿ, íñ (ÌÃö)
êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî
óðîâíÿ, íñ (ÌÃö)
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà 66 66 66 66 100 133
ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû,
ÌÃö
ìîäóëåé SIMM/DIMM,
íñ (ÌÃö)
Òèï ìîäóëåé FPM/EDO FPM/EDO SDRAM SDRAM SDRAM SDRAM/
SIMM/DIMM RDRAM
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s_kl\mij_^hojZgy_l __hlg_[eZ]hijbylguo \ha^_ckl\bc\g_rg_ckj_û
Ihke_lh]hdZd\u\hûdjbklZeeZ[uebkh_^bg_gukhrlujvdZfbgZdhjimk_fbdjhko_fu
Zfbdjhko_fZmiZdh\ZgZ\uihegy_lkyaZdexqbl_evgh_ l_klbjh\Zgb_ qlh[uhij_^_eblvijZ
\bevghklv nmgdpbhgbjh\Zgby b ghfbgZevgh_ [ukljh^_ckl\b_ JZagu_ fbdjhko_fu h^ghc b
lhc `_ k_jbb aZqZklmx h[eZ^Zxl jZaebqguf [ukljh^_ckl\b_f Ki_pbZevgu_ l_klbjmxsb_
ijb[hjuaZklZ\eyxldZ`^mxfbdjhko_fmjZ[hlZlv\jZaebqguomkeh\byoijbjZaguo^Z\e_
gbyol_fi_jZlmjZo blZdlh\uoqZklhlZohij_^_eyyagZq_gbyiZjZf_ljh\ijbdhlhjuoij_
djZsZ_lky dhjj_dlgh_ nmgdpbhgbjh\Zgb_ fbdjhko_fu IZjZee_evgh hij_^_ey_lky fZdkb
fZevgh_ [ukljh^_ckl\b_ ihke_ wlh]h fbdjhko_fu khjlbjmxlky ih [ukljh^_ckl\bx b jZk
ij_^_eyxlkyihijb_fgbdZffbdjhko_fuk[ebadbfbiZjZf_ljZfb ihiZ^Zxl\h^bgblhl`_
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]hk^_eZguhgbbah^ghcblhc`_aZ]hlh\dbgh\dhgp_ijhba\h^kl\_ggh]h pbdeZ[uebhl
khjlbjh\Zgu ih[ukljh^_ckl\bx
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F=p>Ze__wlbfbdjhko_fukhhl\_lkl\mxsbf h[jZahffZjdbjmxlky bijh^Zxlkyih[h
e__ gbadhc p_g_ Ihevah\Zl_eb h[gZjm`b\ qlh fgh]b_ ba wlbo ^_r_\uo qbih\ nZdlbq_kdb
jZ[hlZxlgZ]hjZa^h[he__\ukhdhclZdlh\hcqZklhl_q_fmdZaZggZy\fZjdbjh\d_klZebih
\urZlvqZklhlmgZdhlhjhcjZ[hlZ_lijhp_kkhjL_hjbyjZa]hgZRYHUFORFNLQJhibku\Z_lih
\_^_gb_fbdjhko_fugZlZdlh\uoqZklhlZoij_\urZxsbo ghfbgZevgmx <hfgh]bokemqZyo
ijhp_kkhjjZ[hlZ_l[_ak[h_\ihkdhevdmihkmlbwlbijhp_kkhju[uebjZkkqblZgugZ[he__
\ukhdh_[ukljh^_ckl\b_ ijhklh\bofZjdbjh\d_mdZaZgZ[he__gbadZylZdlh\ZyqZklhlZ
>eylh]hqlh[uiheh`blvwlhfmdhg_p,QWHOj_rbeZ\kljhblvaZsblmhljZa]hgZ\[hevrbgkl\h
k\hbogh\_crboqbih\Wlh^_eZ_lky\ijhp_kk_kh_^bg_gbyfbdjhko_fubaf_gyxlkylZdbfh[jZ
ahfqlhg_fh]mljZ[hlZlvijblZdlh\uoqZklhlZoij_\urZxsbomdZaZggmx\khhl\_lkl\bbkdh
lhjhc[ueZmklZgh\e_gZbop_gZ;uebbaf_g_guko_fuk\yaZggu_khrlujvdZfbqZklhlurbgu
%XV)UHTXHQF\²%)[eZ]h^ZjywlhfmklZeh\hafh`gufdhgljhebjh\Zlv \gmlj_ggbcfgh`bl_ev
bkihevam_fucfbdjhko_fhcGh^Z`_ihke_wlh]hg_dhlhju_ihevah\Zl_ebgZrebkihkh[ih\ukblv
lZdlh\mxqZklhlmrbgukbkl_fguoieZlbg_\abjZygZlhqlhfbdjhko_fZg_iha\hey_lmklZgZ\
eb\Zlv[he__\ukhdbcfgh`bl_evbf\k_`_m^Zehkvih\ukblv[ukljh^_ckl\b_
Y g_^Z\gh mklZgh\be ijhp_kkhj F=p 3HQWLXP \ kbkl_f_ dhlhjZy dZd ij_îheZ]Zehkv
^he`gZbkihevah\Zlvfgh`bl_ev[ijblZdlh\hcqZklhl_kbkl_fghcieZluF=pYihijh[h
\Zebaf_gblvfgh`bl_evmklZgh\b\_]hjZ\guf[ Zg_oghfbdjhko_fZhldZaZeZkvjZ[h
lZlv[uklj__nZdlbq_kdbhgZjZ[hlZeZkl_f`_beb^Z`_[he__gbadbfq_fij_`^_[ukljh
^_ckl\b_fWlhy\gucijbagZd\gmlj_gg_caZsbluhljZa]hgZGhgZfh_ckbkl_fghcieZl_[ue
i_j_oh^gbdêymklZgh\dbg_rlZlghclZdlh\hcqZklhluF=pihke_mklZgh\dbfgh`bl_ey[
lZdlh\ZyqZklhlZijhp_kkhjZnZdlbq_kdb[ueZm\_ebq_gZ^hF=pKbkl_fZjZ[hlZeZ[ukljh
b[_ak[h_\H^gZdhyg_j_dhf_g^h\Ze[uih\urZlvlZdbfh[jZahflZdlh\mxqZklhlmijhp_k
khjZhkh[_gghwlhdZkZ_lkydhfivxl_jh\gZdhlhjuo\uihegy_lkyhl\_lkl\_ggZyjZ[hlZOhly
bgh]^Zbgl_j_kghihijh[h\ZlvyZ\lhfh[bebkl bex[ex³jZa]hgylv´k\hcZ\lhfh[bev
Êîðïóñ PGA
Dhjimk lbiZ 3*$ ^h g_^Z\g_]h \j_f_gb [ue kZfuf jZkijhkljZg_gguf Hg bkihevah\Zeky
gZqbgZy k o ]h^h\ êy ijhp_kkhjh\ b k_]h^gy ijbf_gy_lky êy ijhp_kkhjh\ 3HQWLXP b
3HQWLXP3URGZgb`g_cqZklbdhjimkZfbdjhko_fubf__lkyfZkkb\rlujvdh\jZkiheh`_gguo \
\b^_j_r_ldbDhjimk3*$\klZ\ey_lky\]g_a^hlbiZ=,)=HUR,QVHUWLRQ)RUFH² gme_\ZykbeZ
\klZ\db=g_a^h=,)bf__ljuqZ]êymijhs_gbyijhp_^mjumklZgh\dbbm^Ze_gbyqbiZ
>ey [hevrbgkl\Z ijhp_kkhjh\ 3HQWLXP bkihevam_lky jZagh\b^ghklv 3*$² 63*$
6WDJJHUHG3LQ*ULG$UUD\²rZofZlgZyj_r_ldZfZkkb\Zrlujvdh\]^_rlujvdbgZgb`g_c
klhjhg_qbiZjZkiheh`_gu \rZofZlghfihjy^d_Zg_\klZg^Zjlghf²ihkljhdZfbklhe[
pZfWlh[uehk^_eZghêylh]hqlh[ujZaf_klblvrlujvdb[eb`_^jm]d^jm]mbmf_gvrblv
aZgbfZ_fmxfbdjhko_fhc iehsZ^vKijZ\ZgZjbkihdZaZgdhjimk3HQWLXP3UR gZdhlh
jhf rlujvdb jZkiheh`_gu ih ^\hcghfm rZ[ehgm 63*$ jy^hf k gbf² h[uqguc dhjimk
ijhp_kkhjZ 3HQWLXP H[jZlbl_ \gbfZgb_ qlh gZ \_jog_c iheh\bg_ dhjimkZ 3HQWLXP3UR
bf_xlky^hihegbl_evgu_ rlujvdb dhlhju_ jZkiheh`_gu kj_^b ^jm]bo kljhd b klhe[ph\ \
rZofZlghfihjy^d_

Jbk3HQWLXP\dhjimk_3*$ke_\Zb3HQWLXP3UR\dhjimk_63*$gZdhlh
jhfrlujvdbjZkiheh`_guih^\hcghfmrZ[ehgmkijZ\Z
Êîðïóñà SEC è SEP

NZdlbq_kdbdhjimkZ\k_oijhp_kkhjh\ij_^r_kl\h\Z\rbo 3HQWLXP,,ijh_dlbjh\Zebkv ih
ijbgpbim ³dZ`^hfm qbim² k\h_ ]g_a^h´ Ijb ijh_dlbjh\Zgbb dhjimkZ ijhp_kkhjZ 3HQ
WLXP,,,,,ijbrehkvhldZaZlvkyhlwlh]hihôh^Zdhjimkwlhcfbdjhko_fuhlghkblkydlbim
6LQJOH (GJH &DUWULGJH 6(&² dhjimk k h^ghklhjhggbf dhglZdlhf Ijhp_kkhj b g_kdhevdh
fbdjhko_f dwriZfylb \lhjh]h mjh\gy mklZgh\e_gu gZ fZe_gvdhc ieZl_ hq_gv ihoh`_c gZ
iZfylv6,00lhevdhg_kdhevdh[hevrbojZaf_jh\wlZieZlZaZi_qZlZgZ\dZjljb^`baf_
lZeeZbieZklfZkkuDZjljb^`\klZ\ey_lky\jZat_fkbkl_fghcieZlugZau\Z_fuc6ORWdh
lhjuchq_gvihoh`gZjZat_fieZluZ^Zil_jZ
Dhjimk6LQJOH(GJH3URFHVVRU6(3²dhjimkkh^gbfijhp_kkhjhf y\ey_lky[he__^_r_
\hcjZagh\b^ghklvx dhjimkZ6(&<dhjimk_6(3g_l\_jog_cieZklfZkkh\hc djurdbZlZd
`_fh`_lg_mklZgZ\eb\Zlvky dwriZfylv\lhjh]hmjh\gybeb`_mklZgZ\eb\Z_lky f_gvrbc
h[t_fDhjimk6(3\klZ\ey_lky\jZat_f6ORWQZs_\k_]h\dhjimk6(3ihf_sZxlg_^hjh
]b_ijhp_kkhjugZijbf_j&HOHURQ
6ORW²wlhjZat_fkbkl_fghcieZlubf_xsbcdhglZdlZJZaf_jujZat_fZ6ORWih
dZaZgugZjbkDhjimk6(&beb6(3\gmljbdhlhjh]hgZoh^blkyijhp_kkhj\klZ\ey_lky\
6ORW bnbdkbjm_lky ki_pbZevghc kdh[hc Bgh]^Z bf__lky dj_ie_gb_ êy kbkl_fu hoeZ`^_
gbyijhp_kkhjZGZjbkihdZaZguqZklbdjurdbbadhlhjuokhklhbldZjljb^`6(&H[
jZlbl_ \gbfZgb_ gZ [hevrmx ieZklbgm jZkk_b\Zxsmx l_ieh \u^_ey_fh_ ijhp_kkhjhf
Dhjimk6(3ihdZaZggZjbk
JbkJZaf_jujZat_fZ6ORWêyijhp_kkhjZ3HQWLXP,,
Êîðïóñà SEC è SEP 85

Jbk>_lZebdhjimkZ6(&êyijhp_kkhjZ3HQWLXP,,
JbkIjhp_kkhj&HOHURQ\dhjimk_6(3

Ijhp_kkhj 3HQWLXP,,, miZdh\u\Z_lky \ dhjimk dhlhjuc gZau\Z_lky 6(&& 6LQJOH (GJH
&RQWDFW &DUWULGJH \_jkby Wlhl dhjimk y\ey_lky jZagh\b^ghklvx dhjimkZ 6(& DjurdZ
jZkiheh`_gZ kh^ghcklhjhguZk^jm]hcklhjhgug_ihkj_^kl\_ggh d fbdjhko_f_ ijbdj_i
ey_lky hoeZ`^Zxsbc we_f_gl LZdh_ dhgkljmdlb\gh_ j_r_gb_ iha\hey_l [he__ wnn_dlb\gh
hl\h^blv hl ijhp_kkhjZ l_ieh Ijhp_kkhju \ wlhf dhjimk_ \klZ\eyxlky \ jZat_fu 6ORW
Dhjimk6(&&ihdZaZggZjbk
JbkDhjimk6(&&ijhp_kkhjh\3HQWLXP,,,,,
Hkgh\gZyijbqbgZi_j_oh^Zdbkihevah\Zgbx dhjimkh\6(&b6(3khklhyeZ\lhfqlh[u
ijb fbgbfmf_ aZljZl i_j_f_klblv dwriZfylv \lhjh]h mjh\gy k kbkl_fghc ieZlu gZ h^gm
ieZlmkijhp_kkhjhf BkihevamydhjimkZ6(&b6(3,QWHOfh`_le_]dh\Zjvbjh\Zlvh[t_fb
[ukljh^_ckl\b_ dwriZfylbihklZ\ey_fhc \h^ghcmiZdh\d_kijhp_kkhjhf 3HQWLXP,,,,,
Ãíåçäà äëÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ

,QWHOjZajZ[hlZeZ \hk_fv lbih\ ]g_a^² hl 6RFNHW jZkkqblZggh]h gZ mklZgh\dm ijhp_k
khjZ ^h 6RFNHW jZkkqblZggh]h gZ mklZgh\dm 3HQWLXP3UR OZjZdl_jbklbdb lbih\ ]g_a^
ijb\_^_gu\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 3.9. Õàðàêòåðèñòèêè òèïîâ ãíåçä äëÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ 486 è Pentium
Òèï ãíåçäà Êîëè÷åñòâî Ðàñïîëîæåíèå Íàïðÿæåíèå Óñòàíàâëèâàåìûå ïðîöåññîðû
êîíòàêòîâ êîíòàêòîâ ïèòàíèÿ, Â
Socket 1 169 17u17 PGA 5 486 SX/SX2, DX/DX2*,

DX4 OverDrive
Socket 2 238 19u19 PGA 5 486 SX/SX2, DX/DX2*,
DX4 OverDrive, 486 Pentium
OverDrive
Socket 3 237 19u19 PGA 5/3,3 486 SX/SX2, DX/DX2, DX4,
486 Pentium OverDrive, AMD 5x86
Socket 4 273 21u21 PGA 5 Pentium 60/66, OverDrive
Socket 5 320 37u37 SPGA 3,3/3,5 Pentium 75133, OverDrive
Socket 6** 235 19u19 PGA 3,3 486 DX4, 486 Pentium OverDrive
Socket 7 321 37u37 SPGA Ìîäóëü èçìåíå- Pentium 75233+, MMX, OverDrive,
íèÿ íàïðÿæåíèÿ AMD K5/K6, Cyrix MI/MII
(VRM)

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Òèï ãíåçäà Êîëè÷åñòâî Ðàñïîëîæåíèå Íàïðÿæåíèå Óñòàíàâëèâàåìûå ïðîöåññîðû
êîíòàêòîâ êîíòàêòîâ ïèòàíèÿ, Â
Socket 8 387 Äâîéíîé êîð- Ìîäóëü àâòîìà- Pentium Pro

ïóñ SPGA òè÷åñêîãî èçìå-
íåíèÿ íàïðÿæå-
íèÿ (Auto VRM)
PGA370 387 37u37 SPGA Ìîäóëü àâòîìà- Celeron
òè÷åñêîãî èçìå-
íèÿ (Auto VRM)
Slot 1 242 Slot Ìîäóëü àâòîìà- Pentium II/III, Celeron
íèÿ (Auto VRM)
Slot 2 330 Slot Ìîäóëü àâòîìà- Pentium II/III Xeon
íèÿ (Auto VRM)
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=g_a^h6RFNHWgbdh]^Zg_mklZgZ\eb\Zehkv\dZdmxeb[hkbkl_fm
=g_a^Z 6RFNHW 6RFNHW 6RFNHW b 6RFNHW ij_^gZagZq_gu êy ijhp_kkhjZ
jbk =g_a^Z 6RFNHW 6RFNHW 6RFNHW b 6RFNHW ij_^gZagZq_gu êy ijhp_kkhjh\
3HQWLXP b 3HQWLXP3UR jbk ;he__ ^_lZevgu_ jbkmgdb b ih^jh[gh_ hibkZgb_ dZ`^h]h
]g_a^Zijb\h^ylkygb`_
Jbk=g_a^Zêyijhp_kkhjZ
Jbk=g_a^Zêyijhp_kkhjh\3HQWLXPb3HQWLXP3UR

Çàìå÷àíèå
jÓÙÔÖÒÈÛÏã ÔÉ ÓÌÎËÈÚ 6RFNHWµ6RFNHW ÒÔÍÓÔ ÓÈÐØÏ Ê ËÔÕÔÑÓÌÓÏÏ ÓÈ ÕÖÏÑÈÈÌÒÔÒ ²ÔÒå
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Socket 7 (6XSHU 7)
=g_a^hlbiZ6RFNHW\kmsghklbij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hclbi6RFNHWkh^gbf^hihegbl_ev
guf dexq_\uf \u\h^hf \h \gmlj_gg_f m]em dexq_\h]h dhglZdlZ Ihwlhfm \ ]g_a^_ lbiZ
6RFNHW \k_]h \u\h^ jZkiheh`_gguc ih k_ld_ 63*$ u >_ckl\bl_evgh_ hlebqb_
wlh]h]g_a^ZaZdexqZ_lkyg_\g_fkZfhfZ\khimlkl\mxs_f [ehd_j_]mebjh\Zgby gZijy`_
gbyiblZgby9509ROWDJH5HJXODWRU0RGXOH
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gbygZijy`_gbydhlhju_bkihevamxlky qlh[uihgbablvgZijy`_gb_iblZgby<^h\_ebqb
gu g_h[oh^bfhc êy iblZgby ijhp_kkhjZ ;ehd j_]mebjh\Zgby gZijy`_gby [ue \\_^_g ih
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WLXPijb\h^bldlhfmqlhijb\uoh^_bakljhy[ehdZj_]mebjh\Zgby gZijy`_gbyijboh^blky
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j_]mebjh\Zgby gZijy`_gbyiblZgbyijbiZyguZwlh^_eZ_lboaZf_gmêbl_evghcb ^hjh]h
klhys_c hi_jZpb_c Djhf_ lh]h k_]h^gy dh]^Z gh\_crb_ kbkl_fgu_ ieZlu klhyl ^_r_\e_
q_fjZgvr_aZf_gylvijbiZygguc[ehdijhklhg_bf__lkfukeZKt_fguc`_Z^Zil_jih^
dexqZ_fuckihfhsvxjZat_fZaZf_gblv\kemqZ_g_iheZ^db]hjZa^hijhs_
=eZ\ghc ijbqbghc ihy\e_gby [ehdZ j_]mebjh\Zgby gZijy`_gby klZeh kha^Zgb_ nbjfhc
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6XSHUWlhgh\h_]g_a^hih^^_j`b\Z_l ijhp_kkhjujZ[hlZxsb_gZqZklhlZohl^hb
F=p ?]h klZeb Zdlb\gh bkihevah\Zlv ijhba\h^bl_eb kbkl_fguo ieZl $FHU /DERUDWRULHV
,QF $OL 9,$ 7HFKQRORJLHV b 6L6 Ih [ukljh^_ckl\bx wlb ieZlu g_ mklmiZxl ZgZeh]bqguf
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lbiZ6RFNHWbZ^Zil_jhfgZijy`_gbyiblZgby950
Socket 8
Wlh]g_a^h63*$kh]jhfgufdhebq_kl\hf rlujvdh\HghjZajZ[hlZgh ki_pbZevgh
êy ijhp_kkhjZ 3HQWLXP3UR k bgl_]jbjh\Zgghc dwriZfylvx \lhjh]h mjh\gy >hihegbl_ev
gu_ rlujvdb ^he`gu iha\heblv gZ[hjm fbdjhko_f kbkl_fghc eh]bdb mijZ\eylv dwr
iZfylvx\lhjh]hmjh\gydhlhjZybgl_]jbjh\ZgZ \h^bgdhjimkkijhp_kkhjhf JZkiheh`_gb_
\u\h^h\]g_a^Z6RFNHWihdZaZghgZjbk

Jbk=g_a^hlbiZ6RFNHW\b^k\_jom
Jbk=g_a^hlbiZ6RFNHW

Socket PGA-370
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qbeh gZa\Zgb_ 6RFNHW 3*$ b k gbf fh`gh bkihevah\Zlv g_^hjh]b_ \_jkbb ijhp_kkhjh\
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Ðàçúåìû ïðîöåññîðà
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Òàáëèöà 3.10. Ïåðå÷åíü ñèãíàëîâ â ïîðÿäêå íîìåðîâ êîíòàêòîâ
Íîìåð êîíòàêòà Ñèãíàë Íîìåð êîíòàêòà Ñèãíàë
A1 VCC_VTT B1 EMI
A2 GND B2 FLUSH#
A3 VCC_VTT B3 SMI#
A4 IERR# B4 INIT#
A5 A20M# B5 VCC_VTT
A6 GND B6 STPCLK#
A7 FERR# B7 TCK
A8 IGNNE# B8 SLP#
A9 TDI B9 VCC_VTT
A10 GND B10 TMS
A11 TDO B11 TRST#
A12 PWRGOOD B12 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
A13 TESTHI B13 VCC_CORE
A14 GND B14 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
A15 THERMTRIP# B15 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
A16 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí B16 LINT[1]/NMI
A17 LINT[0]/INTR B17 VCC_CORE
A18 GND B18 PICCLK
A19 PICD[0] B19 BP#[2]
A20 PREQ# B20 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
A21 BP#[3] B21 BSEL#
A22 GND B22 PICD[1]
A23 BPM#[0] B23 PRDY#
A24 BINIT# B24 BPM#[1]
Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
A25 DEP#[0] B25 VCC_CORE

A26 GND B26 DEP#[2]
A27 DEP#[1] B27 DEP#[4]
A28 DEP#[3] B28 DEP#[7]
A29 DEP#[5] B29 VCC_CORE
A30 GND B30 D#[62]
A31 DEP#[6] B31 D#[58]
A32 D#[61] B32 D#[63]
A33 D#[55] B33 VCC_CORE
A34 GND B34 D#[56]
A35 D#[60] B35 D#[50]
A36 D#[53] B36 D#[54]
A38 GND B38 D#[59]
A39 D#[46] B39 D#[48]
A40 D#[49] B40 D#[52]
A41 D#[51] B41 EMI
A42 GND B42 D#[41]
A43 D#[42] B43 D#[47]
A44 D#[45] B44 D#[44]
A46 GND B46 D#[36]
A47 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí B47 D#[40]
A48 D#[43] B48 D#[34]
A50 GND B50 D#[38]
A51 D#[33] B51 D#[32]
A52 D#[35] B52 D#[28]
A54 GND B54 D#[29]
A55 D#[30] B55 D#[26]
A56 D#[27] B56 D#[25]
A58 GND B58 D#[22]
A59 D#[23] B59 D#[19]
A60 D#[21] B60 D#[18]

Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
A61 D#[16] B61 EMI
A62 GND B62 D#[20]
A63 D#[13] B63 D#[17]
A64 D#[11] B64 D#[15]
A66 GND B66 D#[12]
A67 D#[14] B67 D#[7]
A68 D#[9] B68 D#[6]
A70 GND B70 D#[4]
A71 D#[5] B71 D#[2]
A72 D#[3] B72 D#[0]
A74 GND B74 RESET#
A75 BCLK B75 BR1#
A76 BRO# B76 FRCERR
A77 BERR# B77 VCC_CORE
A78 GND B78 A#[35]
A79 A#[33] B79 A#[32]
A80 A#[34] B80 A#[29]
A81 A#[30] B81 EMI
A82 GND B82 A#[26]
A83 A#[31] B83 A#[24]
A84 A#[27] B84 A#[28]
A85 A#[22] B85 VCC_CORE
A86 GND B86 A#[20]
A87 A#[23] B87 A#[21]
A88 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí B88 A#[25]
A90 GND B90 A#[15]
A91 A#[18] B91 A#[17]
A92 A#[16] B92 A#[11]
A94 GND B94 A#[12]
A95 A#[14] B95 A#[8]
A96 A#[10] B96 A#[7]

A98 GND B98 A#[3]
HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
A99 A#[9] B99 A#[6]
A100 A#[4] B100 EMI
A101 BNR# B101 SLOTOC#
A102 GND B102 REQ#[0]
A103 BPRI# B103 REQ#[1]
A104 TRDY# B104 REQ#[4]
A105 DEFER# B105 VCC_CORE
A106 GND B106 LOCK#
A107 REQ#[2] B107 DRDY#
A108 REQ#[3] B108 RS#[0]
A109 HITM# B109 VCC5
A110 GND B110 HIT#
A111 DBSY# B111 RS#[2]
A112 RS#[1] B112 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
A113 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí B113 VCC_L2
A114 GND B114 RP#
A115 ADS# B115 RSP#
A116 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí B116 AP#[1]
A117 AP#[0] B117 VCC_L2
A118 GND B118 AERR#
A119 VID[2] B119 VID[3]
A120 VID[1] B120 VID[0]
A121 VID[4] B121 VCC_L2
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Íàïðÿæåíèå ïèòàíèÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ

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Òàáëèöà 3.11. Íàïðÿæåíèÿ, èñïîëüçóåìûå ïðîöåññîðàìè ñ îäíèì è äâóìÿ
óðîâíÿìè íàïðÿæåíèÿ
Íàçâàíèå Ïðîöåññîð Íàïðÿæåíèå ÿäðà Íàïðÿæåíèå ñõåì Óðîâåíü íàïðÿæåíèÿ
ïðîöåññîðà, Â ââîäà-âûâîäà, Â
VRE (3,5 Â) Intel Pentium 3,5 3,5 Îäèí
STD (3,3 Â) Intel Pentium 3,3 3,3 Îäèí
MMX (2,8 Â) Intel MMX Pentium 2,8 3,3 Äâà
VRE (3,5 Â) AMD K5 3,5 3,5 Îäèí
3,2 Â AMD K6 3,2 3,3 Äâà
2,9 Â AMD K6 2,9 3,3 Äâà
2,4 Â AMD K6-2/K6-3 2,4 3,3 Äâà
2,2 Â AMD K6/K6-2 2,2 3,3 Äâà
VRE (3,5 Â) Cyrix 6x86 3,5 3,5 Îäèí
2,9 Â Cyrix 6x86MX/MII 2,9 3,3 Äâà
MMX (2,8 Â) Cyrix 6x86L 2,8 3,3 Äâà
2,45 Â Cyrix 6x86LV 2,45 3,3 Äâà

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Òàáëèöà 3.12. Ñîïðîöåññîðû
Ïðîöåññîð Ñîïðîöåññîð
8086 8087
8088 8087
286 287
386SX 387SX
386DX 387DX
486SX 487SX, DX2/OverDrive*
487SX* Âñòðîåííûé
486SX2 DX2/OverDrive**
486DX Âñòðîåííûé
486DX2 Âñòðîåííûé
486DX4/5õ86 Âñòðîåííûé
Intel Pentium/Pentium MMX Âñòðîåííûé
Cyrix 6x86/MI/MII Âñòðîåííûé
AMD K5/K6 Âñòðîåííûé
Pentium II/III/Celeron/Xeon Âñòðîåííûé
Fbdjhko_fZ6;²wlhnZdlbq_kdbijhp_kkhj';kh\kljh_ggufkhijhp_kkhjhfk
g_kdhevdh baf_g_gghc jZa\h^dhc \u\h^h\ Ijb mklZgh\d_ \ dhfivxl_j fbdjhko_fZ 6;
hldexqZ_lkyb\k_nmgdpbbijhp_kkhjZi_j_oh^yld6;
Ijhp_kkhj';2YHU'ULYHwd\b\Ze_gl_g6;kih^dexq_ggufkhijhp_kkhjhf

FZdkbfZevgh_ [ukljh^_ckl\b_ mkhijhp_kkhjh\ jZaebqguolbih\gZijbf_j b
jZaebqgh>hihegbl_evguc pbnjh\hcbg^_dkihke_h[hagZq_gbylbiZfbdjhko_fukhhl\_lkl
\m_lfZdkbfZevghc lZdlh\hcqZklhl_lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 3.13. Ìàêñèìàëüíîå áûñòðîäåéñòâèå ñîïðîöåññîðîâ
Ñîïðîöåññîð Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö
8087 5
8087-3 5
8087-2 8
8087-1 10
80287 6
80287-6 6
80287-8 8
80287-10 10
Qbkeh mdZaZggh_ ihke_ h[hagZq_gby lbiZ khijhp_kkhjZ b ijhp_kkhjh\ b
3HQWLXP² wlhfZdkbfZevgZy lZdlh\ZyqZklhlZ\f_]Z]_jpZoGZijbf_jijhp_kkhjk fZjdb
jh\dhc'OjZ[hlZ_lgZqZklhl_F=p
Ñîâåò
rÈÛÏÔÓÈÑáÓÔÏ×ÕÔÑáÎ¿Ç×ÔÕÖÔÛÌ××ÔÖÒÔÍÓÔ×¿ÞÌ×ØÊÌÓÓÔ×Ô²ÖÈØÏØáÊÖÌÒÇÊàÕÔÑÓÌÓÏÇÕÖÔå
ÖÈÒÒà g×ÑÏ Êà ÜÈ×ØÔ ÖÈÉÔØÈÌØÌ × ÕÖÔÖÈÒÒÈÒÏ ²ÔØÔÖàÌ ÒÔ¿Ø ÕÖÏÒÌÓÇØá ×ÔÕÖÔÛÌ××ÔÖ
ÔÉÇÎÈØÌÑáÓÔÌÔ¿×ØÈÓÔÊÏØÌ
<[hevrbgkl\_ klZjuodhfivxl_jh\ kijhp_kkhjZfb ^h]hij_^mkfZljb\Zehkv ]g_a

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Wlh hlghkblky \ hkgh\ghf d 36 b i_j\uf ihjlZlb\guf dhfivxl_jZf < lZ[e ij_^
klZ\e_guh[sb_oZjZdl_jbklbdb khijhp_kkhjh\
Òàáëèöà 3.14. Õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ñîïðîöåññîðîâ
Òèï Ïîòðåáëÿåìàÿ Ìèíèìàëüíàÿ Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ Êîëè÷åñòâî Ãîä âûïóñêà
ñîïðîöåññîðà ìîùíîñòü, Âò òåìïåðàòóðà òåìïåðàòóðà òðàíçèñòîðîâ
êîðïóñà, Ñ êîðïóñà, Ñ
8087 3 0 85 45 000 1980

287 3 0 85 45 000 1982
287XL 1,5 0 85 40 000 1990
387SX 1,5 0 85 120 000 1988
387DX 1,5 0 85 120 000 1987
Qlh[umagZlvdZdb_ijhp_kkhjbkhijhp_kkhj mklZgh\e_gu\lhfbebbghfdhfivxl_j_
aZ]eygbl_\^hdmf_glZpbx
Ñîïðîöåññîðû 103
Îøèáêè â ïðîöåññîðàõ è ïðîâåðêà
ïðîöåññîðîâ
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Çàìå÷àíèå
cÔÑÌÌ ÕÔËÖÔÉÓÔ ÔÝÏÉ²Ï ÕÖÔÛÌ××ÔÖÔÊ ÔÕÏ×àÊÈãØ×Ç Ê ËÔÕÔÑÓÌÓÏÏ ²ÔØÔÖÔÌ ÒÔÍÓÔ ÓÈÐØÏ ÓÈ
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nbdZpbbfbdjhijh]jZff ki_pbnbq_kdb_ êydhgdj_lgh]h ihdhe_gbymklZgZ\eb\Z_fh]h ijh
p_kkhjZ >jm]bfb keh\Zfb g_h[oh^bfh m[_^blvky qlh fh^bnbdZpby khhl\_lkl\m_l bkihev
am_fhfmihdhe_gbxijhp_kkhjZ
<lZ[emdZaZgu\_jkbbfbdjhijh]jZffu fh^bnbdZpbb êydZ`^h]hihdhe_gbyijh
p_kkhjZ Ghf_jZ \_jkbc kh^_j`Zlky \ nZce_ [Zau ^Zgguo dhlhjuc ihklZ\ey_lky \f_kl_ k
ijh]jZffhcfh^bnbdZpbb ijhp_kkhjh\ 3HQWLXP3UR3HQWLXPb3HQWLXP,,
Òàáëèöà 3.15. Ïîêîëåíèÿ (íîìåðà èçìåíåíèé) ïðîöåññîðîâ è íîìåðà âåðñèé
ìèêðîïðîãðàììû ìîäèôèêàöèè, îïèñàííûå â ôàéëå PEP6.PDB (áàçà
äàííûõ î ìîäèôèêàöèÿõ)
Ïðîöåññîð Ïîêîëåíèå (íîìåð Ñèãíàòóðà èçìåíåíèÿ Òðåáóåìûé íîìåð èçìåíåíèÿ
èçìåíåíèÿ) ìèêðîïðîãðàììû ìîäèôèêàöèè
Pentium Pro C0 0x612 0xC6

Pentium Pro sA0 0x616 0xC6
Pentium Pro sA1 0x617 0xC6
Pentium Pro sB1 0x619 0xD1
Pentium II C0 0x633 0x32
Pentium II C1 0x634 0x33
Pentium II dA0 0x650 0x15
K ihfhsvx ijh]jZffu fh^bnbdZpbb ijhp_kkhjZ Checkup3.exe k[hjsbd kbkl_fu

fh`_le_]dhijh\_jblvgZebqb_gm`ghc\_jkbbfbdjhijh]jZffu fh^bnbdZpbb \h\k_okbk
l_fZokijhp_kkhjZfb 3HQWLXP3UR&HOHURQ3HQWLXP,,,,,b;HRQGZijbf_j_kebkbkl_fZkh
^_j`blijhp_kkhjihdhe_gby&bkb]gZlmjZbaf_g_gby²[ lh%,26^he`gZkh^_j`Zlv
\_jkbx [ fbdjhijh]jZffu fh^bnbdZpbb Ijh]jZffZ fh^bnbdZpbb ijhp_kkhjZ b^_glb
nbpbjm_l ihdhe_gb_ ijhp_kkhjZ kb]gZlmjm b \_jkbx fbdjhijh]jZffu fh^bnbdZpbb bk
ihevam_fhc\gZklhys__\j_fy
Qlh[u \ kbkl_fm fh`gh [ueh mklZgh\blv gh\mx fbdjhijh]jZffm fh^bnbdZpbb %,26
^he`gZ kh^_j`Zlv ,QWHOhij_^_e_ggu_ ihîjh]jZffu fh^bnbdZpbb ijhp_kkhjZ ^Z[u ijh
]jZffZfh^bnbdZpbb fh]eZihklhygghmklZgZ\eb\Zlv ihke_^gxx\_jkbx<ijhlb\ghfkem
qZ_ba]hlh\bl_ev kbkl_fghcieZlu^he`_giheghklvxh[gh\blv%,26J_dhf_g^m_lky aZimk
dZlvijh]jZffmfh^bnbdZpbb ijhp_kkhjZihke_h[gh\e_gby %,26 kbkl_fghc ieZlu b i_j_^
Âîçìîæíîñòü ìîäèôèêàöèè ïðîöåññîðà 105

mklZgh\dhc hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu ihke_ k[hjdb dhfivxl_jZ gZ hkgh\_ ijhp_kkhjh\ 3
Ijh]jZffZijhklZ\bkihevah\Zgbb b\uihegy_lky\k_]haZg_kdhevdhk_dmgÎhkdhevdmijh
]jZff_fh^bnbdZpbb \hafh`ghihlj_[m_lkyaZ]jmablvgh\ucdh^\\Zrm%,26mklZgh\bl_
\k_i_j_dexqZl_eb gZkbkl_fghcieZl_\iheh`_gb_³HQDEOHIODVKXSJUDGHíha\heyxs__ h[
gh\blvnewriZfylv
Ihke_\uiheg_gbyijh]jZffu\udexqbl_iblZgb_kbkl_fubi_j_aZ]jmabl_ dhfivxl_jZ
g_^_eZcl_i_j_aZimkdbaiZfylbLhevdh\wlhfkemqZ_fh`gh]ZjZglbjh\Zlv qlhgh\Zyfh
^bnbdZpby[m^_lijZ\bevghbgbpbZebabjh\ZgZ \ijhp_kkhj_LZd`_\u^he`gu[ulvm\_j_
gu qlh \k_ i_j_dexqZl_eb gZijbf_j i_j_dexqZl_eb h[gh\e_gby newriZfylb b ^j \ha
\jZs_gu\ghjfZevgh_iheh`_gb_
Êîäîâûå íàçâàíèÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ Intel

JZajZ[Zlu\Zy ijhp_kkhju ,QWHO \k_]^Z ijbk\Zb\Z_l bf dh^h\u_ gZa\Zgby lZ[e
Ij_îheZ]Z_lky qlhhgbg_[m^mlrbjhdhbkihevah\Zlvky ghaZqZklmxbf_gghlZdbijhbk
oh^blDh^h\u_gZa\Zgby\klj_qZxlky\`mjgZevguoklZlvyoihk\ys_gguo [m^msbfihdhe_
gbyfijhp_kkhjh\Zbgh]^Z^Z`_\jmdh\h^kl\Zo ihkbkl_fgufieZlZfihkdhevdml_khklZ\
eyxlky_s_^hhnbpbZevgh]h ij_^klZ\e_gby ijhp_kkhjh\
Òàáëèöà 3.16. Êîäîâûå íàçâàíèÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ ôèðìû Intel
Êîäîâîå íàçâàíèå Ïðîöåññîð
P4 486DX
P4S 486SX
P23 486SX
P23S 487SX
P23N 487SX
P23T 486 OverDrive äëÿ 80486 (169-êîíòàêòíûé PGA)
P4T 486 OverDrive äëÿ 486 (168-êîíòàêòíûé PGA)
P24 486DX2
P24S 486DX2
P24D 486DX2WB (Write Back)
P24C 486DX4
P24CT 486DX4WB (Write Back)
P5 Pentium 60 èëè 66 ÌÃö, Socket 4, 5 Â
P24T 486 Pentium OverDrive, 63 èëè 83 ÌÃö, Socket 3
P54C Êëàññè÷åñêèé Pentium 75200 ÌÃö, Socket 5/7, 3,3 Â
P55C Pentium MMX 166266 ÌÃö, Socket 7, 2,8 Â
P54CTB Pentium MMX OverDrive 125+, Socket 5/7, 3,3 Â
Tillamook Mobile Pentium MMX 0,25 ìêì, 166266 ÌÃö, 1,8 Â
P6 Pentium Pro, Socket 8
Klamath Pentium II, Slot 1, 0,25 ìêì
Deschutes Pentium II, 0,25 ìêì, Slot 1 èëè Slot 2
Covington Celeron, Pentium II, áåç êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Êîäîâîå íàçâàíèå Ïðîöåññîð
Mendocino Celeron, Pentium II, êýø-ïàìÿòü âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ åìêîñòüþ 128 Êáàéò
Dixon Pentium IIPE (ìîáèëüíûé), êýø-ïàìÿòü âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ 256 Êáàéò
Katmai Pentium III, íàáîð èíñòðóêöèé SSE
Willamette Pentium III, óëó÷øåííûé Katmai
Tanner Pentium III Xeon
Cascades Pentium III, 0,18 ìêì
Merced P7, ïåðâûé ïðîöåññîð IA-64, 0,18 ìêì
McKinley 1 ÃÃö, óëó÷øåííûé Merced, IA-64, 0,18 ìêì, ìåäíàÿ òåõíîëîãèÿ
Faster Óëó÷øåííûé Pentium III, IA-32
Madison Óëó÷øåííûé McKinley, IA-64, 013 ìêì
Intel-ñîâìåñòèìûå ïðîöåññîðû
G_dhlhju_dhfiZgbb²\hkgh\ghfwlhnbjfu$0'b&\UL[²jZajZ[hlZebk\hbijhp_kkh
juiheghklvxkh\f_klbfu_kijhp_kkhjZfbnbjfu,QWHOl_wfmebjmxsb_ dZ`^mxbodhfZg
^m ;hevrbgkl\h wlbo fbdjhko_f bf_xl ZgZeh]bqgmx jZa\h^dm dhglZdlh\ ihwlhfm bo fh`gh
bkihevah\Zlv\ex[hfdhfivxl_j_jZkkqblZgghf gZijhp_kkhjunbjfu,QWHOh^gZdh_klvblZ
db_ êy dhlhjuo gm`gZ ki_pbZevgZy kbkl_fgZy ieZlZ Ex[h_ ZiiZjZlgh_ beb ijh]jZffgh_
h[_ki_q_gb_jZ[hlZxs__gZdhfivxl_j_kijhp_kkhjZfb,QWHO[m^_ljZ[hlZlvb\kbkl_fZohk
gZs_gguo kh\f_klbfufb k ,QWHO ijhp_kkhjZfb DhfiZgbc \uimkdZxsbo ,QWHOkh\f_klbfu_
ijhp_kkhjug_lZdm`fZehihwlhfm^Ze__j_qvihc^_lhkZfuodjmiguobagbo
Ïðîöåññîðû AMD
NbjfZ$GYDQFHG0LFUR'HYLFHV$0' bf_xsZy kh[kl\_ggmx ebgbx ,QWHOkh\f_klbfuo
ijhp_kkhjh\klZeZb]jZlv\_^msmxjhevgZjugd_ijhp_kkhjh\kh\f_klbfuok3HQWLXPG_
kdhevdhe_lgZaZ^f_`^m$0'b,QWHObkihjlbebkv hlghr_gbyihkdhevdm\ijhp_kkhjZo
nbjfu $0' bkihevah\Zebkv fbdjhijh]jZffu nbjfu ,QWHO WlZ ijh[e_fZ [ueZ meZ`_gZ b
l_i_jv f_`^m $0' b ,QWHO aZdexq_gh iylbe_lg__ ebp_gabhggh_ kh]eZr_gb_ < ]h^m
$0' dmibeZ dhfiZgbx 1H[*HQ² ijhba\h^bl_ey dehgh\ ,QWHO L_i_jv $0' ij_êZ]Z_l kZ
fucrbjhdbcki_dljijhp_kkhjh\² hl ^hD k00;\hafh`ghklyfb kibkhddhlhjuo
ijb\_^_g\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 3.17. Ïàðàìåòðû ïðîöåññîðîâ ôèðìû AMD
Òèï ïðîöåññîðà Îöåíêà Òàêòîâàÿ Ìíîæèòåëü ×àñòîòà Òèï ãíåçäà
ýôôåêòèâíîñòè ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö ñèñòåìíîé
(P-Rating) ïëàòû, ÌÃö
Am486DX4-100 100 3x 33 Socket 1,2,3

Am486DX4-120 120 3x 40 Socket 1,2,3
Am5x86-133 75 133 4x 33 Socket 1,2,3
K5 PR75 75 1,5x 50 Socket 5,7
K5 PR90 90 1,5x 60 Socket 5,7

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Òèï ïðîöåññîðà Îöåíêà Òàêòîâàÿ Ìíîæèòåëü ×àñòîòà Òèï ãíåçäà
ýôôåêòèâíîñòè ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö ñèñòåìíîé
(P-Rating) ïëàòû, ÌÃö
K5 PR100 100 1,5x 66 Socket 5,7

K5 PR120 90 1,5x 60 Socket 5,7
K5 PR133 100 1,5x 66 Socket 5,7
K5 PR166 116,7 1,75x 66 Socket 5,7
K6 PR166 166 2,5x 66 Socket 7
K6 PR200 200 3x 66 Socket 7
K6 PR233 233 3,5x 66 Socket 7
K6 PR266 266 4x 66 Socket 7
K6 PR300 300 4,5x 66 Socket 7
K6-2 PR233 233 3,5x 66 Socket 7
K6-2 PR266 266 4x 66 Socket 7
K6-2 PR300 300 4,5x 66 Socket 7
K6-2 PR300 300 3x 100 Super 7
K6-2 PR333 333 5x 66 Socket 7
K6-2 PR333 333 3,5x 95 Super 7
K6-2 PR350 350 3,5x 100 Super 7
K6-2 PR366 366 5,5x 66 Socket 7
K6-2 PR380 380 4x 95 Super 7
K6-2 PR400 400 4x 100 Super 7
K6-2 PR450 450 4,5x 100 Super 7
K6-2 PR475 475 5x 95 Super 7
K6-3 PR400 400 4x 100 Super 7
K6-3 PR450 450 4,5x 100 Super 7
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Ïðîöåññîðû Cyrix
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ijh^mdpbb_kebg_\kx

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gheh]by00;>eyijhp_kkhjh\&\UL[ihôh^bl]g_a^hlbiZ6RFNHWbeb6XSHUghg_dh
lhjuf ba gbo lj_[mxlky fh^bnbpbjh\Zggu_ gZ[hju fbdjhko_f b kbkl_fgu_ ieZlu gh\hc
dhgkljmdpbbIZjZf_ljuijhp_kkhjh\ &\UL[ijb\_^_gu\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 3.18. Ïàðàìåòðû ïðîöåññîðîâ ôèðìû Cyrix

Òèï ïðîöåññîðà Îöåíêà Òàêòîâàÿ Ìíîæèòåëü ×àñòîòà ñèñòåìíîé Òèï ãíåçäà
ýôôåêòèâíîñòè ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö ïëàòû, ÌÃö
(P-Rating)
6x86 PR90 80 2x 40 Socket 5,7
6x86 PR120 100 2x 50 Socket 5,7
6x86 PR133 110 2x 55 Socket 5,7
6x86 PR150 120 2x 60 Socket 5,7
6x86 PR166 133 2x 66 Socket 5,7
6x86 PR200 150 2x 75 Super 7
6x86MX PR133 100 2x 50 Socket 7
6x86MX PR133 110 2x 55 Socket 7
6x86MX PR150 120 2x 60 Socket 7
6x86MX PR150 125 2,5x 50 Socket 7
6x86MX PR166 133 2x 66 Socket 7
6x86MX PR166 137,5 2,5x 55 Socket 7
6x86MX PR166 150 3x 50 Socket 7
6x86MX PR166 150 2,5x 60 Socket 7
6x86MX PR200 150 2x 75 Super 7
6x86MX PR200 165 3x 55 Socket 7
6x86MX PR200 166 2,5x 66 Socket 7
6x86MX PR200 180 3x 60 Socket 7
6x86MX PR233 166 2x 83 Super 7
6x86MX PR233 187,5 2,5x 75 Super 7
6x86MX PR233 200 3x 66 Socket 7
6x86MX PR266 207,5 2,5x 83 Super 7
6x86MX PR266 225 3x 75 Super 7
6x86MX PR266 233 3,5x 66 Socket 7
M-II PR300 225 3x 75 Super 7
M-II PR300 233 3,5x 66 Socket 7
M-II PR333 250 3x 83 Super 7
M-II PR366 250 2,5x 100 Super 7

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P1 (086)
Ïðîöåññîðû 8086 è 8088
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Ïåðâîå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ: P1 (086) 111

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Âòîðîå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ:

P2 (286)
Ïðîöåññîð 286
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Âòîðîå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ: P2 (286) 113

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Òðåòüå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ:
P3 (386)
Ïðîöåññîð 386
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008kha^Z\ZekygZ[Za_ZgZeh]bqgh]h maeZijhp_kkhjZ kbkl_fZdhfZgîjhp_kkhjZ
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jm_lkyjZ[hlZ ijhp_kkhjZ Ijb wlhf g_kdhevdh wda_fieyjh\ '26 beb ^jm]bo hi_jZpb
hgguo kbkl_f fh]ml jZ[hlZlv h^gh\j_f_ggh bkihevamy k\hb aZsbs_ggu_ h[eZklb iZfylb
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&026 &RPSOHPHQWDU\ 0HWDO 2[LGH 6HPLFRQGXFWRU ² dhfiebf_glZjgZy FHIkljmdlmjZ
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Ïðîöåññîð 386SX
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jZajy^ghc \ ^jm]bo fh^bnbdZpbyo ijhp_kkhjZ b hg fh`_l Z^j_kh\Zlv lhevdh
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kjZaebqgufblZdlh\ufbqZklhlZfb\ij_^_eZohl^hF=p
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lhjuojZkoh^wg_j]bbmf_gvrZ_lky
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×åòâåðòîå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ:

P4 (486)
Ïðîöåññîðû 486
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ieZlu Z \ ijhp_kkhj_ 'O wlhl dhwnnbpb_gl fh`_l [ulv jZ\_g beb < lZ[e
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[hqboqZklhlZokbkl_fghcieZlu
Òàáëèöà 3.19. Òàêòîâûå ÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðîâ DX2 è DX4 â çàâèñèìîñòè

îò ðàáî÷åé ÷àñòîòû ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû
×àñòîòà ñèñòåìíîé DX2 (ðåæèì 2õ) DX4 (ðåæèì 2õ) DX4 (ðåæèì 2,5õ) DX4 (ðåæèì 3õ)
ïëàòû, ÌÃö
16 32 32 40 48
20 40 40 50 60
25 50 50 63 75
33 66 66 83 100
40 80 80 100 120
50 100

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beb6RFNHW<oh^ghckb]gZe CLKMULaZ^Z_lkylhevdh\h\j_fyi_j_aZ]jmadb dhfivxl_jZb
hij_^_ey_lhlghr_gb_\gmlj_gg_cqZklhludqZklhl_kb]gZeZCLKgZ\u\h^_K]g_a^hlbiZ
6RFNHWbeb']g_a^hlbiZ6RFNHW6RFNHWbeb6RFNHW \g_rg_crbgu?kebmjh\_gv
kb]gZe CLKMULgbadbclh\gmlj_ggyylZdlh\ZyqZklhlZ[m^_l\^\ZjZaZ\ur_qZklhlu\g_r
g_crbguZ_keb\ukhdbcbebhklZ_lkyi_j_f_gguf [hevrbgkl\h kbkl_fguoieZljZ[hlZ_l
ki_j_f_gguf mjh\g_fkb]gZeZ CLKMUL aZ^Z_lkyj_`bf mljh_ggh]h [ukljh^_ckl\by ?keb
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ghkh_^bgylvjZat_fuêydZ`^hcbalZdlh\uoqZklhl';
Êðàòíîñòü òàêòîâîé ÷àñòîòû CLKMUL (âûáðàííûé èñêëþ÷èòåëüíî ïðè ïåðåçàãðóçêå êîìïüþòåðà)
2õ Íèçêèé
2,5õ Ñîåäèíåííûé ñ BREQ
3õ Âûñîêèé èëè ïåðåìåííûé
<Zf ihlj_[m_lky hij_^_eblv dZd mklZgh\e_gu i_j_fuqdb gZ \Zr_c kbkl_fghc ieZl_ b
\uykgblvfh`ghebbomklZgh\blvlZdqlh[ulZdlh\ZyqZklhlZijhp_kkhjZ[ueZdjZlgZl_
[hevr_\dhebq_kl\hjZajZ\gh_fgh`bl_exlZdlh\hcqZklhl_kb]gZeZ CLK<[hevrbgkl\_
kemqZ_\ ke_^m_l ijhklh baf_gblv iheh`_gb_ i_j_fuq_d jZkiheh`_gguo gZ ieZl_ hdheh
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lh\ujZ[hlZ_l_kijhp_kkhjhf\j_`bf_mljh_gbylZdlh\hcqZklhluF=pH^gZdh_keb
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fh]mljZ[hlZlv\[mn_jghfj_`bf_Djhf_lh]h^Zggu_kbkl_fgu_ieZlukihkh[gu^h[Z\eylv
khklhygby h`b^Zgby b ^Z`_ ba[bjZl_evgh baf_gylv qZklhlm bkdexqbl_evgh êy jZat_fh\ 9/
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dhglZdlghf\ZjbZgl_dhlhjucbgh]^ZgZau\Zxldhjimkhf6O
Âíèìàíèå!
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×ØÖÔÇ
K_f_ckl\hijhp_kkhjh\h[eZ^Z_lklhev\ukhdhcijhba\h^bl_evghklvx ihkjZ\g_gbx
kij_û^msbfb lbiZfbijhp_kkhjh\\hkgh\ghf[eZ]h^ZjylhfmqlhlZdb_mkljhckl\ZdZd
dwrdhgljhee_jdwriZfylvbkhijhp_kkhj dhlhju_^hkboihj\uimkdZebkv \\b^_hl^_ev
guofbdjhko_f\\_^_gu\khklZ\kZfboijhp_kkhjh\?s_h^gh^hklhbgkl\h ²ijhklhlZfh
^_jgbaZpbb < [hevrbgkl\_ kemqZ_\ ^hklZlhqgh mklZgh\blv gh\uc ijhp_kkhj² b fh`gh
ijZdlbq_kdbm^\hblvijhba\h^bl_evghklv dhfivxl_jZ

Ïðîöåññîðû 486DX
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F=pgZijy`_gb_iblZgby²<Iha^g__ihy\bebkvfbdjhko_fugZbF=pKgZqZ
eZ hgb \uimkdZebkv lhevdh \ dhglZdlguo dhjimkZo 3*$ gh kms_kl\mxl fh^bnbdZpbb
dZdkgZijy`_gb_f iblZgby<\dhglZdlguodhjimkZo34)33ODVWLF4XDG)ODW3DFNlZd
b<\dhglZdlguodhjimkZo64)36PDOO4XDG)ODW3DFN>\Zihke_^gbo\ZjbZglZ\u
imkdZxlky \ memqr_gghc \_jkbb 6/ (QKDQFHG b ij_^gZagZq_gu êy ihjlZlb\guo dhfivxl_
jh\\dhlhjuo\Z`gZfZeZyihlj_[ey_fZy fhsghklv
Ijhp_kkhju hlebqZxlkyhlklZjuo&38 b \ukhdhc kl_i_gvx bgl_]jZpbb \ gbo
_klv\kljh_ggu_khijhp_kkhjdwrdhgljhee_jbdwriZfylvb\hafh`ghklvxfh^_jgbaZpbbdhf
ivxl_jh\gZbohkgh\_²êy[hevrbgkl\ZjZagh\b^ghkl_ckms_kl\mxl\ZjbZglu2YHU'ULYHk
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)ORDWLQJ3RLQW 8QLW < hlebqb_ hl ij_û^msbo khijhp_kkhjh\ \uimkdZ\rboky \ \b^_ hl
^_evguofbdjhko_f_]hg_gm`gh^hihegbl_evgh mklZgZ\eb\Zlv gZkbkl_fgmxieZlm_keb\u
aZohlbl_ mkdhjblv \uiheg_gb_ keh`guo fZl_fZlbq_kdbo \uqbke_gbc Khijhp_kkhj \oh^y
sbc \ &38 '; iheghklvx kh\f_klbf k khijhp_kkhjhf \kljh_gguf \ gh _]h
ijhba\h^bl_evghklv ijb[ebabl_evgh \^\ZjZaZ\ur_ihkdhevdmhgjZ[hlZ_lkbgojhgghkhk
gh\guf ijhp_kkhjhf b ih kjZ\g_gbx k f aZljZqb\Z_l gZ \uiheg_gb_ [hevrbgkl\Z dh
fZg^\^\h_f_gvr_lZdlh\
Ïðîöåññîð 486SL
Wlhlijhp_kkhjg_dhlhjh_\j_fy\uimkdZeky\\b^_hl^_evghcfbdjhko_fuZaZl_f[ue
kgylkijhba\h^kl\Z Mkh\_jr_gkl\h\Zgby bgh\h\\_^_gby \ZjbZglZ6/[uebmql_guijZdlb
q_kdb\h\k_oijhp_kkhjZo6;';b';\uimkdZ\rboky kfZjdbjh\dhc 6/(QKDQFHG
< ijhp_kkhjZo 6/(QKDQFHG kh^_j`Zlky ^hihegbl_evgu_ maeu h[_ki_qb\Zxsb_ kgb`_gb_
ihlj_[ey_fhc fhsghklb
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lb\guodhfivxl_jZo kiblZgb_fhlZddmfmeylhjh\ ghhgbijbf_gyebkv b\gZklhevguodhf
ivxl_jZo Ij_^mkfhlj_gu lZdb_ ijb_fu kgb`_gby wg_j]hihlj_[e_gby dZd jZ[hlZ \ ^_`mj
ghfj_`bf_bi_j_dexq_gb_ lZdlh\hcqZklhlu<uimkdZxlky lZd`_jZagh\b^ghklb wlbofbd
jhko_fkgZijy`_gb_f iblZgby<
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PHQW0RGHHgZnmgdpbhgbjm_l g_aZ\bkbfhhlhklZevguomaeh\ijhp_kkhjZb\uihegy_fuo
bf ijh]jZff Kbkl_fZ ihkljh_gZ gZ hkgh\_ lZcf_jh\ j_]bkljh\ b ^jm]bo eh]bq_kdbo ko_f
dhlhju_ fh]ml j_]mebjh\Zlv ihlj_[e_gb_ wg_j]bb g_dhlhjufb mkljhckl\Zfb \oh^ysbfb \
khklZ\ ihjlZlb\gh]h dhfivxl_jZ g_ f_rZy ijb wlhf jZ[hl_ ^jm]bo mkljhckl\ Ijh]jZffZ
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g_^hklmigmx êy hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu b ijbdeZ^guo ijh]jZff >ey h[kem`b\Zgby kh[u
lbc k\yaZgguo k mijZ\e_gb_f ihlj_[ey_fhc fhsghklvx ij_^mkfhlj_gh ij_ju\Zgb_ 60,
6\VWHP0DQDJHPHQW,QWHUUXSWHghg_aZ\bkblhlhklZevguoij_ju\Zgbcbbf__lgZb\ukrbc
ijbhjbl_l
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`bf_ ihgb`_ggh]h ihlj_[e_gby wg_j]bb lh \ujZ[Zlu\Z_lky ij_ju\Zgb_ 60, Ihke_ wlh]h
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<ijhp_kkhjZo6/fh`ghbkihevah\Zlv j_`bfuijbhklZgh\db VXVSHQGb\hah[gh\e_gby
UHVXPH<ihjlZlb\guodhfivxl_jZo j_`bfijbhklZgh\db ijbf_gy_lkyêybo\j_f_ggh]h
\udexq_gbyb\dexq_gbyI_j_oh^ ba h^gh]h j_`bfZ \ ^jm]hc h[uqgh aZgbfZ_l g_ [hevr_
h^ghc k_dmgû ijbq_f ihke_ i_j_dexq_gby ba j_`bfZ ijbhklZgh\db \hkklZgZ\eb\Z_lky lh

`_kZfh_khklhygb_dhfivxl_jZ\dhlhjhfhggZoh^beky^hwlh]hIjbwlhfg_lj_[m_lkyi_
j_aZ]jm`Zlv dhfivxl_j b hi_jZpbhggmx kbkl_fm aZimkdZlv ijbeh`_gb_ b kgh\Z \\h^blv
^Zggu_>hklZlhqghijhklhgZ`Zlvkhhl\_lkl\mxsmx dghidm²bdhfivxl_j]hlh\djZ[hl_
< j_`bf_ ijbhklZgh\db ijhp_kkhju 6/ ijZdlbq_kdb g_ ihlj_[eyxl wg_j]bb Ihwlhfm
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f_glZevghfh`ghijb\_klb\jZ[hq__khklhygb_IhdZdhfivxl_jgZoh^blky\j_`bf_ijbhk
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gblvbogZ^bkd_
Ïðîöåññîð 486SX
Wlhl ijhp_kkhj gZqZeb \uimkdZlv \ Zij_e_ ]h^Z dZd [he__ ^_r_\uc \ZjbZgl &38
';[_akhijhp_kkhjZ
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p_ggh]hjZajy^gh]h&38';Mg_]h^jm]ZyjZa\h^dZ\u\h^h\bhgg_\aZbfhaZf_gy_f
k[he__ijhba\h^bl_evguf ijhp_kkhjhf ';KblmZpbykijhp_kkhjhf 6;kh\_jr_ggh
bgZyWlhiheghp_gguc jZajy^gucijhp_kkhj\u\hûdhlhjh]h\hkgh\ghfkhhl\_lkl\m
xlbf_xsbfky\ijhp_kkhj_';baf_g_gunmgdpbb b gmf_jZpby ebrv g_kdhevdbo \u
\h^h\ Bo ]_hf_ljbq_kdh_ jZkiheh`_gb_ h^bgZdh\h_ b mdZaZggu_ fbdjhko_fu fh]ml [ulv
mklZgh\e_gu\h^ghblh`_]g_a^h
Ijhp_kkhj6;ihy\bekykdhj__ihdhff_jq_kdbf Zg_ihl_ogheh]bq_kdbf ijbqbgZf
I_j\u_ iZjlbb wlbo ijhp_kkhjh\ [ueb h[uqgufb fbdjhko_fZfb '; k ^_n_dlgufb khijh
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Pentium OverDrive äëÿ êîìïüþòåðîâ

ñ ïðîöåññîðàìè DX2 è DX4
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Ïÿòîå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ:

P5 (586)
Ïðîöåññîðû Pentium
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Òàáëèöà 3.20. Õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ïðîöåññîðà Pentium
Äàòà ïîÿâëåíèÿ 22 ìàðòà 1993 ãîäà (ïåðâîå ïîêîëåíèå),
7 ìàðòà 1994 ãîäà (âòîðîå ïîêîëåíèå)
Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà 60, 66 ÌÃö (ïåðâîå ïîêîëåíèå); 75, 90, 100, 120, 133,
150, 166, 200 ÌÃö (âòîðîå ïîêîëåíèå)
Êðàòíîñòü óìíîæåíèÿ ÷àñòîòû 1õ (ïåðâîå ïîêîëåíèå); 1,5õ3õ (âòîðîå ïîêîëåíèå)
Ðàçðÿäíîñòü ðåãèñòðîâ 32
Ðàçðÿäíîñòü âíåøíåé øèíû äàííûõ 64
Ðàçðÿäíîñòü øèíû àäðåñà 32
Àäðåñóåìàÿ ïàìÿòü 4 Ãáàéò
Ðàçìåð âñòðîåííîé êýø-ïàìÿòè 8 Êáàéò (äëÿ êîäà), 8 Êáàéò (äëÿ äàííûõ)
Òèï âñòðîåííîé êýø-ïàìÿòè Äâóõñòðàíè÷íàÿ, äâóíàïðàâëåííàÿ (äëÿ äàííûõ)
Óêîðî÷åííûå öèêëû ïàìÿòè Åñòü
Êîëè÷åñòâî òðàíçèñòîðîâ 3,1 ìëí è áîëåå
Ðàçìåð ýëåìåíòà íà êðèñòàëëå 0,8 ìêì (60/66 ÌÃö), 0,6 ìêì (75100 ÌÃö), 0,35 ìêì
(120 ÌÃö è âûøå)
Êîðïóñ 273-êîíòàêòíûé PGA, 296-êîíòàêòíûé SPGA, ïëåíî÷íûé
êîðïóñ
Ñîïðîöåññîð Âñòðîåííûé
Ñíèæåíèå ýíåðãîïîòðåáëåíèÿ Ñèñòåìà SMM, âî âòîðîì ïîêîëåíèè óëó÷øåííàÿ
Íàïðÿæåíèå ïèòàíèÿ 5 Â (ïåðâîå ïîêîëåíèå), 3,465; 3,3; 3,1 è 2,9 Â (âòîðîå
ïîêîëåíèå)
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Ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ íàïðÿæåíèÿ Íîìèíàëüíîå, Â Ïîãðåøíîñòü, Â Ìèíèìàëüíîå, Â Ìàêñèìàëüíîå, Â
STD (Standard) 3,30 ±0,165 3,135 3,465

VR (Voltage Reduced) 3,38 ±0,083 3,300 3,465
VRE (VR Extended) 3,50 ±0,100 3,400 3,600
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Òàáëèöà 3.21. Ðàáî÷èå ÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðîâ è ñèñòåìíûõ ïëàò Pentium
Òèï ïðîöåññîðà/ áûñòðîäåéñòâèå Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö ×àñòîòà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû, ÌÃö
Pentium 60 1õ 60
Pentium 66 1õ 66
Pentium 75 1,5õ 50
Pentium 90 1,5õ 60
Pentium 100 1,5õ 66
Pentium 120 2õ 60
Pentium 133 2õ 66
Pentium 180 3õ 60
Pentium 200 3õ 66
Pentium 266 4õ 66
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Òàáëèöà 3.22. Ñîñòîÿíèå âûâîäîâ BFõ è òàêòîâûå ÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðà
Pentium
BF1 BF2 Êðàòíîñòü óìíîæåíèÿ Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà øèíû, ÌÃö Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà ÿäðà, ÌÃö
÷àñòîòû
0 1 3õ 66 200
0 1 3õ 60 180
0 1 3õ 50 150
0 0 2,5õ 66 166
0 0 2,5õ 60 150
0 0 2,5õ 50 125
1 0 2õ/4x 66 133/266
1 0 2õ 60 120
1 0 2õ 50 100
1 1 1,5õ/3,5x 66 100/233
1 1 1,5õ 60 90
1 1 1,5õ 50 75
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ïðîöåññîðà Pentium
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Òàáëèöà 3.23. Âåðñèè è íîìåðà èçìåíåíèé, âíåñåííûõ â ìîäåëü 1
ïðîöåññîðà Pentium (âåðñèè 60/66 ÌÃö) ñåìåéñòâà 3
Òèï Íîìåð Èäåíòèôèêàòîð Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö Ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ Äîïîëíèòåëüíûå
èçìåíåíèÿ èçìåíåíèÿ ñâåäåíèÿ
0 3 B1 50 Q0399 ES
0 3 B1 60 Q0352
0 3 B1 60 Q0400 ES
0 3 B1 60 Q0394 ES, HS
0 3 B1 66 Q0353 5v1
0 3 B1 66 Q0395 ES, HS, 5v1
0 3 B1 60 Q0412
0 3 B1 60 SX753
0 3 B1 66 Q0413 5v2
0 3 B1 66 SX754 5v2
0 5 C1 60 Q0466 HS
0 5 C1 60 SX835 HS
0 5 C1 60 SZ949 HS, BOX
0 5 C1 66 Q0467 HS, 5v2
0 5 C1 66 SX837 HS, 5v2
0 5 C1 66 SZ950 HS, BOX, 5v2
0 7 D1 60 Q0625 HS
0 7 D1 60 SX948 HS
0 7 D1 60 SX974 HS, 5v3
0 7 D1 60 * HS, BOX
0 7 D1 66 Q0626 HS, 5v2
0 7 D1 66 SX950 HS, 5v2
0 7 D1 66 Q0627 HS, 5v3
0 7 D1 66 SX949 HS, 5v3
0 7 D1 66 * HS, BOX, 5v2

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Òàáëèöà 3.24. Âåðñèè è èçìåíåíèÿ, âíåñåííûå â ìîäåëü 2 ïðîöåññîðà
Pentium ñåìåéñòâà 35
0 1 B1 75-50 Q0540 ES
2 1 B1 75-50 Q0541 ES
0 1 B1 90-60 Q0542 STD
0 1 B1 90-60 Q0613 VR
2 1 B1 90-60 Q0543 DP
0 1 B1 100-66 Q0563 STD
0 1 B1 100-66 Q0587 VR
0 1 B1 100-66 Q0614 VR
0 1 B1 90-60 SX879 STD
0 1 B1 90-60 SX885 STD, MD
0 1 B1 90-60 SX909 VR
2 1 B1 90-60 SX874 DP, STD
0 1 B1 100-66 SX886 STD, MD
0 1 B1 100-66 SX910 VR, MD
0 2 B3 90-60 Q0628 STD
0/2 2 B3 90-60 Q0611 STD
0/2 2 B3 90-60 Q0612 VR
0 2 B3 100-66 Q0677 VRE
0 2 B3 90-60 SX923 STD
0 2 B3 90-60 SX922 VR
0 2 B3 90-60 SX921 STD
2 2 B3 90-60 SX942 DP, STD
2 2 B3 90-60 SX943 DP, VR
2 2 B3 90-60 SX944 DP, MD
0 2 B3 90-60 SZ951 BOX, STD
0 2 B3 100-66 SX960 VRE, MD
0/2 4 B5 75-50 Q0666 STD
0/2 4 B5 90-60 Q0653 STD
0/2 4 B5 90-60 Q0654 VR
0/2 4 B5 90-60 Q0655 STD, MD
0/2 4 B5 100-66 Q0656 STD, MD
0/2 4 B5 100-66 Q0657 VR, MD
0/2 4 B5 100-66 Q0658 VRE, MD

Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
0 4 B5 120-60 Q0707 VRE

0 4 B5 120-60 Q0708 STD
0/2 4 B5 75-50 SX961 STD
0/2 4 B5 75-50 SZ977 BOX, STD
0/2 4 B5 90-60 SX957 STD
0/2 4 B5 90-60 SX958 VR
0/2 4 B5 90-60 SX959 STD, MD
0/2 4 B5 90-60 SZ978 BOX, STD
0/2 4 B5 100-66 SX962 VRE, MD
0/2 5 C2 75-50 Q0700 STD
0/2 5 C2 75-50 Q0749 STD, MD
0/2 5 C2 90-60 Q0699 STD
0/2 5 C2 100-50/66 Q0698 VRE, MD
0/2 5 C2 100-50/66 Q0697 STD
0 5 C2 120-60 Q0711 VRE, MD
0 5 C2 120-60 Q0732 VRE, MD
0 5 C2 133-66 Q0733 STD, MD
0 5 C2 133-66 Q0751 STD, MD
0 5 C2 133-66 Q0775 VRE, MD
0/2 5 C2 75-50 SX969 STD
0/2 5 C2 75-50 SX998 STD, MD
0/2 5 C2 75-50 SZ994 BOX, STD
0/2 5 C2 75-50 SU070 BOXF, STD
0/2 5 C2 90-60 SX968 STD
0/2 5 C2 90-60 SZ995 BOX, STD
0/2 5 C2 90-60 SU031 BOXF, STD
0/2 5 C2 100-50/66 SX970 VRE, MD
0/2 5 C2 100-50/66 SX963 STD
0/2 5 C2 100-50/66 SZ996 BOX, STD
0/2 5 C2 100-50/66 SU032 BOXF, STD
0 5 C2 120-60 SK086 VRE, MD
0 5 C2 120-60 SX994 VRE, MD
0 5 C2 120-60 SU033 BOXF, VRE, MD
0 5 C2 133-66 SK098 STD, MD
0/2 B cB1 120-60 Q0776 STD, No, STP
0/2 B cB1 133-66 Q0772 STD, No, STP

Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
0/2 B cB1 133-66 Q0773 STD, STP

0/2 B cB1 133-66 Q0774 VRE, No, STP,
MD
0/2 B cB1 120-60 SK110 STD, No, STP
0/2 B cB1 133-66 SK106 STD, No, STP
0/2 B cB1 133-66 S106J STD, No, STP
0/2 B cB1 133-66 SK107 STD, STP
0/2 B cB1 133-66 SU038 BOXF, STD, No, STP
0/2 C cC0 133-66 Q0843 STD, No
0/2 C cC0 133-66 Q0844 STD
0/2 C cC0 150-60 Q0835 STD
0/2 C cC0 150-60 Q0878 STD, PPGA
0/2 C cC0 150-60 SU122 BOXF, STD
0/2 C cC0 166-66 Q0836 VRE, No
0/2 C cC0 166-66 Q0841 VRE
0/2 C cC0 166-66 Q0886 VRE, PPGA
0/2 C cC0 166-66 Q0890 VRE, PPGA
0 C cC0 166-66 Q0949 VRE, PPGA
0/2 C cC0 200-66 Q0951F VRE, PPGA
0 C cC0 200-66 Q0951 VRE, PPGA
0 C cC0 200-66 SL25H BOXF, VRE, PPGA
0/2 C cC0 120-60 SL22M BOXF, STD
0/2 C cC0 120-60 SL25J BOX, STD
0/2 C cC0 120-60 SY062 STD
0/2 C cC0 133-66 SL22Q BOXF, STD
0/2 C cC0 133-66 SL25L BOX, STD
0/2 C cC0 133-66 SY022 STD
0/2 C cC0 133-66 SY023 STD, No
0/2 C cC0 133-66 SU073 BOXF, STD, No
0/2 C cC0 150-60 SY015 STD
0/2 C cC0 150-60 SU071 BOXF, STD
0/2 C cC0 166-66 SL24R VRE, No, MAXF
0/2 C cC0 166-66 SY016 VRE, No
0/2 C cC0 166-66 SY017 VRE
0/2 C cC0 166-66 SU072 BOXF, VRE, No
0 C cC0 166-66 SY037 VRE, PPGA

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
0/2 C cC0 200-66 SY044 VRE, PPGA

0 C cC0 200-66 SY045 BOXUF, VRE,
PPGA
0 C cC0 200-66 SU114 BOX, VRE, PPGA
0 C cC0 200 66 SL24Q VRE, MAXF
0/2 6 E0 75-50 Q0837 STD
0/2 6 E0 90-60 Q0783 STD
0/2 6 E0 100-50/66 Q0784 STD
0/2 6 E0 120-60 Q0785 VRE
0/2 6 E0 75-50 SY005 STD
0/2 6 E0 75-50 SU097 BOX, STD
0/2 6 E0 75-50 SU098 BOXF, STD
0/2 6 E0 90-60 SY006 STD
0/2 6 E0 100-50/66 SY007 STD
0/2 6 E0 100-50/66 SU110 BOX, STD
0/2 6 E0 100-50/66 SU099 BOXF, STD
0/2 6 E0 120-60 SY033 STD
0/2 6 E0 120-60 SU100 BOXF, STD
Òàáëèöà 3.25. Âåðñèè è èçìåíåíèÿ ïðîöåññîðà Pentium MMX ñåìåéñòâà Ð5

Òèï Ìîäåëü Íîìåð Èäåíòèôè- Òàêòîâàÿ Ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ Äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ñâåäåíèÿ
èçìåíåíèÿ êàòîð ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö
èçìåíåíèÿ
0/2 4 4 xA3 150 Q020 ES, PPGA

0/2 4 4 xA3 166 Q019 ES, PPGA
0/2 4 4 xA3 200 Q018 ES, PPGA
0/2 4 4 xA3 166 SL23T BOXF, SPGA
0/2 4 4 xA3 166 SL23R BOX, PPGA
0/2 4 4 xA3 166 SL25M BOXF, PPGA
0/2 4 4 xA3 166 SY059 PPGA
0/2 4 4 xA3 166 SL2HU BOX, SPGA
0/2 4 4 xA3 166 SL239 SPGA
0/2 4 4 xA3 166 SL26V SPGA, MAXF
0/2 4 4 xA3 166 SL26H PPGA, MAXF
0/2 4 4 xA3 200 SL26J BOXUF, PPGA, MAXF
0/2 4 4 xA3 200 SY060 PPGA

Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
èçìåíåíèÿ
0/2 4 4 xA3 200 SL26Q BOX, PPGA, MAXF

0/2 4 4 xA3 200 SL274 BOXF, PPGA, MAXF
0/2 4 4 xA3 200 SL23S BOX, PPGA
0/2 4 4 xA3 200 SL25N BOXF, PPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 166 Q125 ES, PPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 166 Q126 ES, SPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 200 Q124 ES, PPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 233 Q140 ES, PPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 166 SL27H PPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 166 SL27K SPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 166 SL2HX BOX, SPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 166 SL23X BOXF, SPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 166 SL2FP BOX, PPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 166 SL23V BOXF, PPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 200 SL27J PPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 200 SL2FQ BOX, PPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 200 SL23W BOXF, PPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 233 SL27S PPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 233 SL2BM BOX, PPGA
0/2 4 3 xB1 233 SL293 BOXF, PPGA
0 4 3 mxB1 120 Q230 ES, TCP
0 4 3 mxB1 133 Q130 ES, TCP
0 4 3 mxB1 133 Q129 ES, PPGA
0 4 3 mxB1 150 Q116 ES, TCP
0 4 3 mxB1 150 Q128 ES, PPGA
0 4 3 mxB1 166 Q115 ES, TCP
0 4 3 mxB1 166 Q127 ES, PPGA
0 4 3 mxB1 200 Q586 PPGA
0 4 3 mxB1 133 SL27D TCP
0 4 3 mxB1 133 SL27C PPGA
0 4 3 mxB1 150 SL26U TCP
0 4 3 mxB1 150 SL27B PPGA
0 4 3 mxB1 166 SL26T TCP
0 4 3 mxB1 166 SL27A PPGA
0 4 3 mxB1 200 SL2WK PPGA

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
èçìåíåíèÿ
0 8 1 myA0 166 Q255 TCP
0 8 1 myA0 166 Q252 TCP
0 8 1 myA0 166 SL2N6 TCP
0 8 1 myA0 200 Q146 TCP
0 8 1 myA0 233 Q147 TCP
0 8 1 myA0 200 SL28P TCP
0 8 1 myA0 233 SL28Q TCP
0 8 1 myA0 266 Q250 TCP
0 8 1 myA0 266 Q251 TCP
0 8 1 myA0 266 SL2N5 TCP
0 8 1 myA0 266 Q695 TCP
0 8 1 myA0 266 SL2ZH TCP
0 8 2 myB2 266 Q766 TCP
0 8 2 myB2 266 Q767 TCP
0 8 2 myB2 266 SL23M TCP
0 8 2 myB2 266 SL23P TCP
0 8 2 myB2 300 Q768 TCP
0 8 2 myB2 300 SL34N TCP
<lZ[ei_j_qbke_gu \k_\_jkbbijhp_kkhjh\3HQWLXP2YHU'ULYHbmdZaZgu\k_boba
f_g_gbyH[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_qlhfbdjhko_fulbiZ\wlhclZ[ebp_y\eyxlkyijhp_kkhjZfb
3HQWLXP2YHU'ULYHdhlhju_[uebjZajZ[hlZguki_pbZevghêyaZf_gufbdjhko_f \
kbkl_fZok]g_a^ZfblbiZ6RFNHWbeb6RFNHW>jm]b_ijhp_kkhju2YHU'ULYH[uebkha^Zgu
êyaZf_guijhp_kkhjh\ 3HQWLXP\]g_a^ZolbiZ6RFNHW6RFNHWbeb6RFNHW
Òàáëèöà 3.26. Èçìåíåíèÿ ïðîöåññîðà Pentium OverDrive ñåìåéñòâà Ð5
Òèï Ìîäåëü Íîìåð Èäåíòèôè- Òàêòîâàÿ Ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ Êîä èçäåëèÿ Âåðñèÿ
èçìåíåíèÿ êàòîð ÷àñòîòà,
èçìåíåíèÿ ÌÃö
1 3 1 B1 63 SZ953 PODP5v63 1.0
1 3 1 B2 63 SZ990 PODP5v63 1.1
1 3 2 C0 83 SU014 PODP5v83 2.1
0 1 A tA0 133 SU082 PODP5v133 1.0
0 2 C aC0 125 SU081 PODP3v125 1.0
0 2 C aC0 150 SU083 PODP3v150 1.0
0 2 C aC0 166 SU084 PODP3v166 1.0
1 4 4 oxA3 125/50, SL24V PODPMT60X150 1.0
150/60
1 4 4 oxA3 166/66 SL24W PODPMT66X166 1.0
1 4 3 oxB1 180/60 SL2FE PODPMT60X180 2.0
1 4 3 oxB1 200/66 SL2FF PODPMT66X200 2.0

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Òàáëèöà 3.27. Íàïðÿæåíèÿ äëÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ Pentium
Ìîäåëü Èçìåíåíèå Ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ íàïðÿæåíèÿ Äèàïàçîí íàïðÿæåíèÿ, Â
1 Std 4,755,25
1 5v1 4,905,25
1 5v2 4,905,40
1 5v3 5,155,40
2+ B1-B5 Std 3,1353,465
2+ C2+ Std 3,1353,600
2+ VR 3,3003,465
2+ B1-B5 VRE 3,453,60
2+ C2+ VRE 3,403,60
4+ MMX 2,702,90
4 3 Mobile 2,2852,665
4 3 Mobile 2,102,34
8 1 Mobile 1,8502,150
8 1 Mobile 1,6651,935

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Ïðîöåññîðû ïñåâäîïÿòîãî ïîêîëåíèÿ

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Øåñòîå ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ:

P6 (686)
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Òàáëèöà 3.28. Õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ïðåäñòàâèòåëåé ñåìåéñòâà ïðîöåññîðîâ P6
Pentium Pro Îðèãèíàëüíûé ïðîöåññîð P6 ñ êýø-ïàìÿòüþ âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 256 Êáàéò, 512 Êáàéò
èëè 1 Ìáàéò, ðàáîòàþùåé íà ÷àñòîòå ïðîöåññîðà
Pentium II P6 ñ êýø-ïàìÿòüþ âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 512 Êáàéò, ðàáîòàþùåé íà ïîëîâèíå
÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðà
Pentium II Xeon P6 ñ êýø-ïàìÿòüþ âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 512 Êáàéò, 1 èëè 2 Ìáàéò, ðàáîòàþùåé
íà ÷àñòîòå ïðîöåññîðà
Celeron P6 áåç êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ
Celeron-A P6 ñ êýø-ïàìÿòüþ âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 128 Êáàéò, ðàáîòàþùåé íà ÷àñòîòå
Pentium III P6 ñ íàáîðîì èíñòðóêöèé SSE (MMX2), êýø-ïàìÿòü âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì
512 Êáàéò ðàáîòàåò íà ïîëîâèíå ÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðà
Pentium IIPE P6 ñ êýø-ïàìÿòüþ âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 256 Êáàéò, ðàáîòàþùåé íà ÷àñòîòå
Pentium III P6 ñ íàáîðîì èíñòðóêöèé SSE (MMX2), êýø-ïàìÿòü âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì
Xeon 512 Êáàéò, 1 èëè 2 Ìáàéò ðàáîòàåò íà ÷àñòîòå ïðîöåññîðà
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Ïðîöåññîð Pentium Pro

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Òàáëèöà 3.29. Õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ïðîöåññîðà Pentium Pro
Äàòà ïîÿâëåíèÿ Ñåíòÿáðü 1995 ãîäà
Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà 150, 166, 180, 200 ÌÃö

Êðàòíîñòü óìíîæåíèÿ ÷àñòîòû 2,5õ, 3õ
Ðàçðÿäíîñòü ðåãèñòðîâ 32
Ðàçðÿäíîñòü øèíû âíóòðåííåãî êýøà 64
Ìàêñèìàëüíî àäðåñóåìûé îáúåì ïàìÿòè 64 Ãáàéò
Ìàêñèìàëüíûé îáúåì âèðòóàëüíîé ïàìÿòè 64 Òáàéò
Ðàçìåð âñòðîåííîé êýø-ïàìÿòè 8 Êáàéò (äëÿ êîäà), 8 Êáàéò (äëÿ äàííûõ)
Òèï ãíåçäà Socket 8
Êîðïóñ 387-êîíòàêòíûé Dual Cavity PGA
Ðàçìåðû 6,25u2,66 ñì
Ñíèæåíèå ýíåðãîïîòðåáëåíèÿ Ñèñòåìà SMM (System Management Mode)
Íàïðÿæåíèå ïèòàíèÿ 3,1 èëè 3,3 Â
Òàáëèöà 3.30. Òåõíè÷åñêèå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ìîäåëåé ïðîöåññîðà Pentium Pro

Ïðîöåññîð Pentium Pro (200 ÌÃö) ñî âñòðîåííîé êýø-ïàìÿòüþ âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 1 Ìáàéò
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ 18 àâãóñòà 1997 ãîäà

Òàêòîâûå ÷àñòîòû 200 ÌÃö (66 ÌÃöu3)
×èñëî òðàíçèñòîðîâ 5,5 ìëí (0,35-ìèêðîííûé ïðîöåññ), ïëþñ 62 ìëí â
êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 1 Ìáàéò (0,35-
ìèêðîííûé ïðîöåññ)
Êýø-ïàìÿòü Ïåðâîãî óðîâíÿ: 8 Êáàéòu2 (16 Êáàéò), âòîðîãî
óðîâíÿ: 1 Ìáàéò
Ðàçìåð êðèñòàëëà Êâàäðàò ñî ñòîðîíîé 14,0 ìì
Ïðîöåññîð Pentium Pro (200 ÌÃö)
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ 1 íîÿáðÿ 1995 ãîäà

Ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü ïî òåñòó iCOMP 2.0 220
×èñëî òðàíçèñòîðîâ 5,5 ìëí (0,35-ìèêðîííûé ïðîöåññ), ïëþñ 15,5 ìëí â
êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 256 Êáàéò (0,6-
ìèêðîííûé ïðîöåññ) èëè 31 ìëí â êýø-ïàìÿòè âòî-
ðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 512 Êáàéò (0,35-ìèêðîííûé
ïðîöåññ)
óðîâíÿ: 256 èëè 512 Êáàéò

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e

êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 256 Êáàéò
(0,6-ìèêðîííûé ïðîöåññ)
óðîâíÿ: 256 Êáàéò

Òàêòîâûå ÷àñòîòû 166 ÌÃö (66 ÌÃöu2,5)
×èñëî òðàíçèñòîðîâ 5,5 ìëí (0,35-ìèêðîííûé ïðîöåññ), ïëþñ 31 ìëí â
êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 512 Êáàéò
(0,35-ìèêðîííûé ïðîöåññ)

Òàêòîâûå ÷àñòîòû 150 ÌÃö (60 ÌÃöu2,5)
êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 256 Êáàéò (0,6-
ìèêðîííûé ïðîöåññ)
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Òèï ïðîöåññîðà/ áûñòðîäåéñòâèå Êðàòíîñòü òàêòîâîé ÷àñòîòû Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû, ÌÃö
Pentium Pro 150 2,5õ 60

Pentium Pro 166 2,5õ 66
Pentium Pro 180 3õ 60
Pentium Pro 200 3õ 66

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Òàáëèöà 3.31. Óñòàíàâëèâàåìûå íàïðÿæåíèÿ äëÿ Pentium Pro
Êîìáèíàöèÿ êîíòàêòîâ Óñòàíàâëèâàåìîå íàïðÿæåíèå
0000 3,5
0001 3,4
0010 3,3
0011 3,2
0100 3,1
0101 3,0
0110 2,9

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Êîìáèíàöèÿ êîíòàêòîâ Óñòàíàâëèâàåìîå íàïðÿæåíèå
0111 2,8
1000 2,7
1001 2,6
1010 2,5
1011 2,4
1100 2,3
1101 2,2
1110 2,1
1111 Ïðîöåññîð íå óñòàíîâëåí
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Òàáëèöà 3.32. Âåðñèè è èçìåíåíèÿ, âíåñåííûå â ìîäåëü 1, ïðîöåññîðà
Pentium Pro ñåìåéñòâà Ð6
Òèï Èçìåíåíèå Èäåíòèôèêà Îáúåì êýø- Òàêòîâàÿ Ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ Íàïðÿæåíèå Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ
òîð ïàìÿòè ÷àñòîòà (H5%), Â
èçìåíåíèÿ âòîðîãî ïàìÿòè
óðîâíÿ /øèíû
/Èçìåíå-
íèå
0 1 B0 256/a 133/66 Q0812 3,1 3,4

0 1 B0 256/a 150/60 Q0813 3,1 3,4
0 1 B0 256/a 133/66 Q0815 3,1 3,4
0 1 B0 256/a 150/60 Q0816 3,1 3,4
0 1 B0 256/a 150/60 SY002 3,1 3
0 1 B0 256/a 150/60 SY011 3,1
0 1 B0 256/a 150/60 SY014 3,1
0 2 C0 256/a 150/60 Q0822 3,1 3,4
0 2 C0 256/a 150/60 Q0825 3,1 4
0 2 C0 256/a 150/60 Q0826 3,1 4
0 2 C0 256/a 150/60 SY010 3,1
2
0 6 sA0 256/a 180/60 Q0858 3,3 4
0 6 sA02 256/a 200/66 Q0859 3,3 4

Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
/Èçìåíå-
íèå
0 6 sA02 256/a 180/60 Q0860 3,3 4,1

0 6 sA02 256/a 200/66 Q0861 3,3 4,1
2
0 6 sA0 512/Pre 6 166/66 Q0864 3,3 4
2
0 6 sA0 512/Pre 6 200/66 Q0865 3,3 4
0 6 sA02 256/a 180/60 Q0873 3,3 4
2
0 6 sA0 256/a 200/66 Q0874 3,3 4
0 6 sA02 256/a 180/60 Q0910 3,3
0 6 sA02 256/a 180/60 SY012 3,3
2
0 6 sA0 256/a 200/66 SY013 3,3
0 7 sA1 256/a 200/66 Q076 3,3 5
0 7 sA1 256/a 180/60 Q0871 3,3 4
0 7 sA1 256/a 200/66 Q0872 3,3 4
0 7 SA1 256/a 180/60 Q0907 3,3 4
0 7 sA1 256/a 200/66 Q0908 3,3 4
0 7 sA1 256/b 200/66 Q0909 3,3 4
0 7 sA1 512/Pre 6 166/66 Q0918 3,3 4
0 7 sA1 512/Pre 6 200/66 Q0920 3,3 4
0 7 sA1 512/Pre 6 200/66 Q0924 3,3 4
0 7 sA1 512/a 166/66 Q0929 3,3 4
0 7 sA1 512/a 200/66 Q932 3,3 4
0 7 sA1 512/b 166/66 Q935 3,3 4
0 7 sA1 512/b 200/66 Q936 3,3 4
0 7 sA1 256/a 200/66 SL245 3,5 5
0 7 sA1 256/a 200/66 SL247 3,5 5
0 7 sA1 256/b 180/60 SU103 3,3 6
0 7 sA1 256/b 200/66 SU104 3,3 6
0 7 sA1 256/b 180/60 SY031 3,3
0 7 sA1 256/b 200/66 SY032 3,3
0 7 sA1 512/a 166/66 SY034 3,3
0 7 sA1 256/a 180/60 SY039 3,3
0 7 sA1 256/b 200/66 SY040 3,3
0 7 sA1 512/b 166/66 SY047 3,3
0 7 sA1 512/b 200/66 SY048 3,3

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/Èçìåíå-
íèå
0 9 sB1 512/b 166/66 Q008 3,3 4
0 9 sB1 512/b 166/66 Q009 3,3 4
0 9 sB1 512/b 200/66 Q010 3,3 4
0 9 sB1 512/b 200/66 Q011 3,3 4
0 9 sB1 256/b 180/60 Q033 3,3 4
0 9 sB1 256/b 200/66 Q034 3,3 4
0 9 sB1 256/b 180/60 Q035 3,3 4
0 9 sB1 256/b 200/66 Q036 3,3 4
0 9 sB1 256/b 200/66 Q083 3,5 5
0 9 sB1 256/b 200/66 Q084 3,5 5
0 9 sB1 256/b 180/60 SL22S 3,3
0 9 sB1 256/b 200/66 SL22T 3,3
0 9 sB1 256/b 180/60 SL22U 3,3
0 9 sB1 256/b 200/66 SL22V 3,3 7
0 9 sB1 512/b 166/66 SL22X 3,3
0 9 sB1 512/b 200/66 SL22Z 3,3
0 9 sB1 256/b 180/60 SL23L 3,3 6
0 9 sB1 256/b 200/66 SL23M 3,3 6
0 9 sB1 256/b 200/66 SL254 3,5 5
0 9 sB1 256/b 200/66 SL255 3,5 5
0 9 sB1 512/b 166/66 SL2FJ 3,3 6
0 9 sB1 1024/g 200/66 SL259 3,3
0 9 sB1 1024/g 200/66 SL25A 3,3
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Pentium II
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Òèï ïðîöåññîðà/áûñòðîäåéñòâèå Êðàòíîñòü òàêòîâîé ÷àñòîòû Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû, ÌÃö
Pentium II 266 4õ 66

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Îñíîâíàÿ òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö Ïîòðåáëÿåìàÿ ìîùíîñòü, Âò Ïðîöåññ (ðàçìåð Íàïðÿæåíèå, Â
ñòðóêòóðû), ìèêðîí
450 27,1 0,25 2,0

400 24,3 0,25 2,0
350 21,5 0,25 2,0
333 23,7 0,25 2,0
300 43,0 0,35 2,8
266 38,2 0,35 2,8
233 34,8 0,35 2,8
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Òàáëèöà 3.33. Òåõíè÷åñêèå äàííûå ïðîöåññîðîâ Pentium II
×àñòîòà øèíû, ÌÃö 66, 100
Êðàòíîñòü óìíîæåíèÿ ÷àñòîòû 3,5õ, 4õ, 4,5õ, 5õ
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö 233, 266, 300, 333, 350, 400, 450
Îáúåì âñòðîåííîé êýø-ïàìÿòè Ïåðâîãî óðîâíÿ: 32 Êáàéò (16 Êáàéò äëÿ êîäà è
16 Êáàéò äëÿ äàííûõ), âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ: 512 Êáàéò
(ïîëîâèííàÿ òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà ïðîöåññîðà)
Ðàçðÿäíîñòü âíóòðåííèõ ðåãèñòðîâ 32
Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ àäðåñóåìàÿ ïàìÿòü, Ãáàéò 64
Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ âèðòóàëüíàÿ ïàìÿòü, Òáàéò 64
Êîðïóñ 242-êîíòàêòíûé ñ îäíîñòîðîííèì êîíòàêòîì (Single
Edge Contact Cartridge, S.E.C.C.)
Ðàçìåðû êîðïóñà, ñì 12,82u6,28u1,64
Ñíèæåíèå ýíåðãîïîòðåáëåíèÿ Ñèñòåìà SMM (System Management Mode)
Òàáëèöà 3.34. Òåõíè÷åñêèå äàííûå ïðîöåññîðà Pentium II

Ïðîöåññîð Pentium II MMX (350, 400 è 450 ÌÃö)
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ 15 àïðåëÿ 1998 ãîäà
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà 350 (100u3,5), 400 (100u4) è 450 (100u4,5) ÌÃö
Ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü ïî òåñòó iCOMP 2.0 386, 440 è 483 ÌÃö (350, 400 è 450 ÌÃö ñîîòâåòñòâåííî)
Êîëè÷åñòâî òðàíçèñòîðîâ 7,5 ìëí (0,25-ìèêðîííàÿ òåõíîëîãèÿ) ïëþñ 31 ìëí êýø-
ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ îáúåìîì 512 Êáàéò
Êýøèðóåìàÿ îïåðàòèâíàÿ ïàìÿòü 4 Ãáàéò
Ðàáî÷åå íàïðÿæåíèå 2,0 Â
Òèï ðàçúåìà Slot 2
Ìîáèëüíûé ïðîöåññîð Pentium II (266, 300, 333 è 366 ÌÃö)
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ 25 ÿíâàðÿ 1999 ãîäà
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà 266, 300, 333 è 366 ÌÃö
Êîëè÷åñòâî òðàíçèñòîðîâ 27,4 ìëí (0,25-ìèêðîííàÿ òåõíîëîãèÿ)
Ðàçìåðû 31u35 ìì

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Ìîáèëüíûé ïðîöåññîð Pentium II (266, 300, 333 è 366 ÌÃö)
Âûäåëÿåìîå òåïëî 366 Ìãö 9,5 Âò, 333 ÌÃö 8,6 Âò, 300 ÌÃö 7,7 Âò,
266 ÌÃö 7,0 Âò
Ïðîöåññîð Pentium II MMX (333 ÌÃö)
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ 7 ìàÿ 1997 ãîäà
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà 333 ÌÃö (66 ÌÃöu5)
Êýøèðóåìàÿ îïåðàòèâíàÿ ïàìÿòü 512 Ìáàéò
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà 300 ÌÃö (66 ÌÃöu4,5)
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà 266 ÌÃö (66 ÌÃöu4)
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà 233 ÌÃö (66 ÌÃöu3,5)
Ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü ïî èíäåêñó 267
iCOMP 2.0

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Òàáëèöà 3.35. Âåðñèè è èçìåíåíèÿ ïðîöåññîðà Pentium II
S-ñïåöèôè- Èçìåíåíèÿ CPUID Òàêòîâàÿ Îáúåì êýø- Òèï êýø- Òèï êîðïóñà Ïðèìå-
êàöèÿ ÿäðà ÷àñòîòà ïàìÿòè ïàìÿòè ÷àíèÿ
ÿäðà/øèíû, âòîðîãî âòîðîãî
ÌÃö óðîâíÿ, Êáàéò óðîâíÿ
SL264 C0 0633h 233/66 512 íå-ECC SECC 3.00 5

SL265 C0 0633h 266/66 512 íå-ECC SECC 3.00 5
SL268 C0 0633h 233/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 5

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SL269 C0 0633h 266/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 5

SL28K C0 0633h 233/66 512 íå-ECC SECC 3.00 1, 3, 5
SL28L C0 0633h 266/66 512 íå-ECC SECC 3.00 1, 3, 5
SL28R C0 0633h 300/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 5
SL2MZ C0 0633h 300/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 5
SL2HA C1 0634h 300/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 5
SL2HC C1 0634h 266/66 512 íå-ECC SECC 3.00 5
SL2HD C1 0634h 233/66 512 íå-ECC SECC 3.00 5
SL2HE C1 0634h 266/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 5
SL2HF C1 0634h 233/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 5
SL2QA C1 0634h 233/66 512 íå-ECC SECC 3.00 1, 3, 5
SL2QB C1 0634h 266/66 512 íå-ECC SECC 3.00 1, 3, 5
SL2QC C1 0634h 300/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 5
SL2KA dA0 0650h 333/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 5
SL2QF dA0 0650h 333/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1
SL2K9 dA0 0650h 266/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00
SL35V dA1 0651h 300/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 2
SL2QH dA1 0651h 333/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 2
SL2S5 dA1 0651h 333/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL2ZP dA1 0651h 333/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL2ZQ dA1 0651h 350/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL2S6 dA1 0651h 350/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL2S7 dA1 0651h 400/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL2SF dA1 0651h 350/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 2
SL2SH dA1 0651h 400/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 2
SL2VY dA1 0651h 300/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 2
SL33D dB0 0652h 266/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 2, 5
SL2YK dB0 0652h 300/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 2, 5
SL2WZ dB0 0652h 350/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 2, 5
SL2YM dB0 0652h 400/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 2, 5
SL37G dB0 0652h 400/100 512 ECC SECC2 OL 1, 2, 4
GA
SL2WB dB0 0652h 450/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 2, 5
SL37H dB0 0652h 450/100 512 ECC SECC2 OL 1, 2
GA

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SL2W7 dB0 0652h 266/66 512 ECC SECC 2.00 2, 5
SL2W8 dB0 0652h 300/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL2TV dB0 0652h 333/66 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL2U3 dB0 0652h 350/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL2U4 dB0 0652h 350/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL2U5 dB0 0652h 400/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL2U6 dB0 0652h 400/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL2U7 dB0 0652h 450/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL356 dB0 0652h 350/100 512 ECC SECC2 PL 2, 5
GA
SL357 dB0 0652h 400/100 512 ECC SECC2 OL 2, 5
GA
SL358 dB0 0652h 450/100 512 ECC SECC2 OL 2, 5
GA
SL37F dB0 0652h 350/100 512 ECC SECC2 PL 1, 2, 5
GA
SL3FN dB0 0652h 350/100 512 ECC SECC2 OL 2, 5
GA
SL3EE dB0 0652h 400/100 512 ECC SECC2 PL 2, 5
GA
SL3F9 dB0 0652h 400/100 512 ECC SECC2 PL 1, 2
GA
SL38M dB1 0653h 350/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 2, 5
SL38N dB1 0653h 400/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 1, 2, 5
SL36U dB1 0653h 350/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL38Z dB1 0653h 400/100 512 ECC SECC 3.00 2, 5
SL3D5 dB1 0653h 400/100 512 ECC SECC2 OL 1, 2
GA
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³;hdkbjh\Zggucíjhp_kkhj3HQWLXP,,2YHU'ULYHkmklZgh\e_gguf\_glbeylhjhfij_^gZ
agZq_gêyh[gh\e_gbykbkl_fgZ[Za_ijhp_kkhjh\3HQWLXP3UR6RFNHW
Wlb ijhp_kkhju fh]ml jZ[hlZlv lhevdh gZ nbdkbjh\Zgghc qZklhl_ mklZgh\e_gghc
ijhba\h^bl_e_f >ey ³jZa]hgZ´ wlbo ijhp_kkhjh\ g_h[oh^bfh ih\urZlv qZklhlm kbk
l_fghcrbgu
< gZklhys__ \j_fy kms_kl\m_l ^\_ fh^bnbdZpbb dhjimkZ 6(&& ;he__ klZjZy fh^bnb
dZpby3/*$bkihevah\ZeZkv \dhjimkZo6(&&<gZklhys__\j_fyhgZaZf_gy_lkyfh^bnbdZ
pb_c2/*$<wlhcfh^bnbdZpbb mf_gvr_gujZaf_juijhp_kkhjZhgZijhs_\ijhba\h^kl
\_ b h[_ki_qb\Z_l emqrbc hl\h^ l_ieZ hl ijhp_kkhjZ² l_iehhl\h^gu_ we_f_glu fhglbjm
xlky g_ihkj_^kl\_ggh d fbdjhko_fZf GZ jbk ihdZaZgu klhjhgZ dhjimkZ 6(&&
fh^bnbdZpbb 3/*$b2/*$ddhlhjhcfhglbjm_lkyl_iehhl\h^gucwe_f_gl
JbkDhjimk6(&&fh^bnbdZpbb3/*$
b2/*$
Kbkl_fgu_ieZlu3HQWLXP,,bf_xlij_h[jZah\Zl_ev gZijy`_gbydhlhjuckem`blêyih
^Zqbgm`gh]hgZijy`_gbygZp_gljZevguc ijhp_kkhj>eyjZaguofh^_e_c3HQWLXP,,lj_[m
xlkyjZaebqgu_gZijy`_gbybihwlhfmij_h[jZah\Zl_ev gZ^hmklZgh\blvlZdqlh[uh[_ki_
qblv wlhfm dhgdj_lghfm ijhp_kkhjm ih^Zqm g_h[oh^bfh]h gZijy`_gby GZ ieZlZo êy 3HQ
WLXP3UR \ hlebqb_ hl ieZl êy [he__ klZjuo fh^_e_c 3HQWLXP g_l gbdZdbo i_j_oh^guo
mkljhckl\bebi_j_dexqZl_e_c êymklZgh\dbgZijy`_gbywlZijhp_^mjZ\uihegy_lkyZ\lh
fZlbq_kdb k ihfhsvx bf_xsboky gZ dhjimk_ ijhp_kkhjZ dhglZdlh\ b^_glbnbdZpbb gZijy
`_gby9,'<lZ[eijb\_^_guagZq_gbymklZgZ\eb\Z_fh]h gZijy`_gby
Òàáëèöà 3.36. Óñòàíàâëèâàåìîå íàïðÿæåíèå äëÿ Pentium II
Êîíòàêòû ïðîöåññîðà
VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 Íàïðÿæåíèå, Â

0 1 1 1 1 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Êîíòàêòû ïðîöåññîðà
0 0 1 0 1 1,80
0 0 1 0 0 1,85
0 0 0 1 1 1,90
0 0 0 1 0 1,95
0 0 0 0 1 2,00
0 0 0 0 0 2,05
1 1 1 1 1 Ïðîöåññîð íå óñòàíîâëåí
1 1 1 1 0 2,1
1 1 1 0 1 2,2
1 1 1 0 0 2,3
1 1 0 1 1 2,4
1 1 0 1 0 2,5
1 1 0 0 1 2,6
1 1 0 0 0 2,7
1 0 1 1 1 2,8
1 0 1 1 0 2,9
1 0 1 0 1 3,0
1 0 1 0 0 3,1
1 0 0 1 1 3,2
1 0 0 1 0 3,3
1 0 0 0 1 3,4
1 0 0 0 0 3,5
²dhglZdlijhp_kkhjZkh_^bg_gk9VV
²dhglZdlijhp_kkhjZjZahfdgml
Qlh[u gZ kbkl_fgmx ieZlm fh`gh [ueh mklZgh\blv ex[mx fh^_ev ijhp_kkhjZ 3HQWLXP,,
^he`guih^^_j`b\Zlvky agZq_gby\u^_e_ggu_\lZ[eihem`bjgufrjbnlhf;hevrbg
kl\hijhp_kkhjh\3HQWLXP,,jZ[hlZ_lijbgZijy`_gbb<ihke_^gb_fh^_eb²ijb<
3HQWLXP,,0RELOH0RGXOHy\ey_lkyijhp_kkhjhf 3HQWLXP,,êyihjlZlb\guodhfivxl_jh\
\g_]h\oh^bl\ukhdhwnn_dlb\guc gZ[hjfbdjhko_fkbkl_fghceh]bdb%; dhlhjucih
a\hey_l rbg_ ijhp_kkhjZ jZ[hlZlv k lZdlh\hc qZklhlhc F=p GZ[hj fbdjhko_f kbkl_f
ghc eh]bdb %; [ue \uims_g h^gh\j_f_ggh k \_jkbyfb 3HQWLXP,, gZ b F=p <

ihke_^gbofh^_eyofh[bevguoijhp_kkhjh\3HQWLXP,,3(mklZgZ\eb\Z_lky dwriZfylv\lhjh
]hmjh\gyh[t_fhfD[ZcldhlhjZyjZ[hlZ_lgZqZklhl_ijhp_kkhjZ
Ïðîöåññîð Celeron
Wlhlijhp_kkhjhlghkblkydk_f_ckl\mijhp_kkhjh\3bihkljh_ggZhkgh\_y^jZijhp_k
khjZ3HQWLXP,,Hkgh\gZyh[eZklvbkihevah\Zgby ijhp_kkhjh\&HOHURQ²g_^hjh]b_kbkl_fu
deZkkZ³ ^h ^heeZjh\´ Fh`gh kdZaZlv qlh &HOHURQ² wlh ³g_^hjh]hc´ 3HQWLXP,, Hkgh\
gu_jZaebqbyf_`^mwlbfb^\mfylbiZfbijhp_kkhjh\kms_kl\mxl \h[t_f_dwriZfylb\lh
jh]hmjh\gy
>hg_^Z\g_]h\j_f_gb\k_ijhp_kkhju&HOHURQ\uimkdZebkv \dhjimkZo6(336LQJOH(GJH
3URFHVVRU3DFNDJHWlhldhjimkihoh`gZdhjimk6(&&bihf_sZ_lky\jZat_f6ORW ?^bg
kl\_ggh_hlebqb_dhjimkZ6(33²wlhhlkmlkl\b_ieZklbdhcdjurdb
Ihke_\uimkdZnbjfhc$0'ijhp_kkhjh\êyjZat_fZ6RFNHWnbjfZ,QWHOZghgkbjh\ZeZ
gh\h_ dhgkljmdlb\gh_ bkiheg_gb_ k_f_ckl\Z ijhp_kkhjh\ &HOHURQ² dhjimk 33*$ 3ODVWLF
3LQ*ULG$UUD\JZat_fêylZdh]hlbiZijhp_kkhjh\gZau\Z_lky3*$beb6RFNHW
dhglZdlh\ Bkihevah\Zgb_ dhjimkZ 33*$ iha\hebeh kgbablv klhbfhklv ijhp_kkhjZ b
mf_gvrblvjZaf_jukbkl_fu<g_rgbc\b^hibkZgguodhjimkh\ihdZaZggZjbk
Jbk<g_rgbc\h^dhjimkh\33*$b6(33ijhp_kkhjh\&HOHURQ
<k_ fh^_eb ijhp_kkhjh\ &HOHURQ ^h F=p \uimkdZxlky \ dhjimk_ 6(33 Fh^_eb gZ
F=p b \ur_ \uimkdZxlky \ dhjimk_ 33*$ LZdbf h[jZahf ijhp_kkhju &HOHURQ ±
F=p ^hklmigu \ ^\mo dhjimkZo <k_ fh^_eb ijhp_kkhjh\ &HOHURQ F=p b \ur_ \u
imkdZxlkylhevdh\dhjimkZo33*$
IjZdlbq_kdb \k_ kbkl_fgu_ ieZlu deZkkZ 3HQWLXP,,,,, bf_xl jZat_f 6ORW G_m`_eb
g_evaybkihevah\Zlv ijhp_kkhju&HOHURQ\dhjimk_33*$kwlbfbkbkl_fgufbieZlZfb">ey
j_r_gbywlhcijh[e_fu[uejZajZ[hlZgi_j_oh^gbd6ORW±6RFNHWjbk
JbkI_j_oh^gbd6ORW±6RFNHW

GZqbgZy k ijhp_kkhjZ &HOHURQ$ \ g_]h mklZgZ\eb\Z_lky dwriZfylv \lhjh]h mjh\gy
h[t_fhf D[Zcl <h \k_o \uimkdZ\rboky ^h wlh]h ijhp_kkhjZo &HOHURQ b F=p
dwriZfylb\lhjh]hmjh\gyg_l
<lZ[eijb\_^_gu^Zggu_hijhp_kkhjZo k_f_ckl\Z&HOHURQ
Òàáëèöà 3.37. Òåõíè÷åñêèå äàííûå ïðîöåññîðîâ Celeron
Ïðîöåññîð Intel Celeron (466 ÌÃö)

Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö 466
Êîëè÷åñòâî òðàíçèñòîðîâ 19 ìëí (0,25-ìèêðîííàÿ òåõíîëîãèÿ)
Êîðïóñ PPGA (370 âûâîäîâ), 128 Êáàéò êýø-ïàìÿòè
âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ
×àñòîòà øèíû, ÌÃö 66
Ðàçðÿäíîñòü ñèñòåìíîé øèíû 64
Ìàêñèìàëüíî àäðåñóåìàÿ ïàìÿòü, Ãáàéò 4
Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ Îáû÷íûå PC
Ìîáèëüíûé ïðîöåññîð Intel Celeron (366 ÌÃö)

Êîðïóñ BGA (615 âûâîäîâ), 128 Êáàéò êýø-ïàìÿòè
Ðàçìåðû, ìì 32u37
Ðàáî÷åå íàïðÿæåíèå, Â 1,6
Âûäåëÿåìîå òåïëî, Âò 8,6 (300 ÌÃö)
Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ Îáû÷íûå PC, íåäîðîãèå ïîðòàòèâíûå êîì-
ïüþòåðû
Ìîáèëüíûé ïðîöåññîð Intel Celeron (333 ÌÃö)

Âûäåëÿåìîå òåïëî, Âò 8,6 (300 ÌÃö)
ïüþòåðû
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ 22 ìàðòà 1999 ãîäà


Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
Êîðïóñ SEPP (242 âûâîäà), 128 Êáàéò êýø-ïàìÿòè
Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ Îáû÷íûå PC
Ìîáèëüíûé ïðîöåññîð Intel Celeron (266 è 300 ÌÃö)
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö 266 è 300
Âûäåëÿåìîå òåïëî, Âò 7,7 (300 ÌÃö); 7,0 (266 ÌÃö)
ïüþòåðû
Ïðîöåññîð Intel Celeron (400 è 366 ÌÃö)
Êîðïóñ SEPP (242 âûâîäà) è PPGA (370 âûâîäîâ),
128 Êáàéò êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ
Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ Íåäîðîãèå PC
Ðàçìåðû, ìì 12,7u5,78u0,53

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Ïðîöåññîð Intel Celeron (300À ÌÃö)

Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ 8 èþíÿ 1998 ãîäà

Êîðïóñ SEPP (242 âûâîäà)

Êîðïóñ SEPP (242 âûâîäà)
<k_ ijhp_kkhju &HOHURQ \uimkdZxlky ih fbdjhgghc l_ogheh]bb Ih kjZ\g_gbx k

ijhp_kkhjZfb 3HQWLXP,, hgb \u^_eyxl f_gvr__ dhebq_kl\h l_ieZ < lZ[e ijb\_^_gu
^Zggu_h[wg_j]hihlj_[e_gbb ijhp_kkhjh\ &HOHURQ

Òàáëèöà 3.38. Ýíåðãîïîòðåáëåíèå ïðîöåññîðîâ Celeron
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö Ïîòðåáëÿåìûé òîê, À Íàïðÿæåíèå, Â Ïîòðåáëÿåìàÿ ìîùíîñòü, Âò
266 8,2 2,0 16,4

300 9,3 2,0 18,6
300À 9,3 2,0 18,6
333 10,1 2,0 20,2
366 11,2 2,0 22,4
400 12,2 2,0 24,4
433 12,6 2,0 25,2
466 13,4 2,0 26,8
GZjbkihdZaZgZfZjdbjh\dZijhp_kkhjZ&HOHURQ\dhjimk_6(33ZgZjbk² \
dhjimk_33*$
JbkFZjdbjh\dZijhp_kkhjZ&HOHURQ\dhjimk_6(33
Çàìå÷àíèå
6<<<<¶ÓÔÒÌÖ6å×ÕÌÛÏÙÏ²ÈÛÏÏ&2$¶×ØÖÈÓÈåÕÖÔÏÎÊÔËÏØÌÑá
Çàìå÷àíèå
$$$$$$$$¶²ÔËÕÖÔË¿²ØÈ===¶ÖÈÉÔÜÈÇÜÈ×ØÔØÈneÛ///¶ÔÉßÌÒÏÓØÌÖÏÖÔÊÈÓÓÔÐ²âÝå
ÕÈÒÇØÏÊØÔÖÔÔ¿ÖÔÊÓÇ6<<<<¶ÓÔÒÌÖ6å×ÕÌÛÏÙÏ²ÈÛÏÏ
Jbk FZjdbjh\dZ ijhp_kkhjZ &HOHURQ \ dhjimk_

33*$

<lZ[eijb\_^_guoZjZdl_jbklbdb ijhp_kkhjZ&HOHURQ
Òàáëèöà 3.39. Âåðñèè è èçìåíåíèÿ ïðîöåññîðà Celeron
S-ñïåöèôè- Èçìåíåíèÿ Îáúåì êýø- CPUID Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà Òèï êîðïóñà Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ
êàöèÿ ÿäðà ïàìÿòè ÿäðà/øèíû, ÌÃö
âòîðîãî
óðîâíÿ, Êáàéò
SL2SY dA0 0 0650h 266/66 SEPP
SL2YN dA0 0 0650h 266/66 SEPP 1
SL2YP dA0 0 0650h 300/66 SEPP
SL2Z7 dA0 0 0650h 300/66 SEPP 1
SL2TR dA1 0 0651h 266/66 SEPP
SL2QG dA1 0 0651h 266/66 SEPP 1
SL2X8 dA1 0 0651h 300/66 SEPP
SL2Y2 dA1 0 0651h 300/66 SEPP 1
SL2Y3 dB0 0 0652h 266/66 SEPP 1
SL2Y4 dB0 0 0652h 300/66 SEPP 1
SL2WM mA0 128 0660h 300A/66 SEPP 3
SL32A mA0 128 0660h 300A/66 SEPP 1
SL2WN mA0 128 0660h 333/66 SEPP 3
SL32B mA0 128 0660h 333/66 SEPP 1
SL376 mA0 128 0660h 366/66 SEPP
SL37Q mA0 128 0660h 366/66 SEPP 1
SL39Z mA0 128 0660h 400/66 SEPP
SL37V mA0 128 0660h 400/66 SEPP 1
SL3BC mA0 128 0660h 433/66 SEPP
SL35Q mB0 128 0665h 300A/66 PPGA 2
SL36A mB0 128 0665h 300A/66 PPGA
SL35R mB0 128 0665h 333/66 PPGA 2
SL36B mB0 128 0665h 333/66 PPGA
SL36C mB0 128 0665h 366/66 PPGA
SL35S mB0 128 0665h 366/66 PPGA 2
SL3A2 mB0 128 0665h 400/66 PPGA
SL37X mB0 128 0665h 400/66 PPGA 2
SL3BA mB0 128 0665h 433/66 PPGA
SL3BS mB0 128 0665h 433/66 PPGA 2
SL3EH mB0 128 0665h 466/66 PPGA
SL3FL mB0 128 0665h 466/66 PPGA 2
6(33²6LQJOH(GJH3URFHVVRU3DFNDJH
33*$²3ODVWLF3LQ*ULG$UUD\
Ijhp_kkhjkl_iehhl\h^gufbwe_f_glZfb³[hdkbjh\Zgguc´
Ijhp_kkhj[_al_iehhl\h^guowe_f_glh\
?klvfh^_ebkmklZgh\e_ggufl_iehhl\h^gufwe_f_glhf

Ïðîöåññîð Pentium III
,QWHO3HQWLXP,,,jbk²kZfuckh\_jr_gguc b\ukhdhijhba\h^bl_evguc ijhp_kkhj
,QWHOêygZklhevguodhfivxl_jh\ dhlhjucmgZke_^h\Zeemqrb_dZq_kl\Zijhp_kkhjh\fbd
jhZjobl_dlmju 3Zbf_ggh^bgZfbq_kdh_ \uiheg_gb_dhfZg^kbkl_fgmxrbgmkfgh`_kl
\_ggufbljZgaZdpbyfb bl_ogheh]bx,QWHO00;êyh[jZ[hldb^Zgguofmevlbf_^bZ
JbkIjhp_kkhj3HQWLXP,,,
Wlhlijhp_kkhj[ueZghgkbjh\Zg\ n_\jZe_ ]h^Z < g_f j_Zebah\Zgu gh\u_ ihlhq

gu_6,0'jZkrbj_gby² gh\uodhfZg^h[_ki_qb\Zxsbo memqr_ggu_ \hafh`ghklb h[
jZ[hldbbah[jZ`_gbc lj_of_jghc]jZnbdbihlhqgh]h\b^_hZm^bhbjZkihagZ\Zgby j_qb<
3HQWLXP,,,mql_gulj_[h\Zgbyihevah\Zl_e_c k_j\_jh\bjZ[hqboklZgpbcgZqZevgh]hbkj_^
g_]hmjh\g_c
Ijhp_kkhj 3HQWLXP,,, \uimkdZ_lky ih fbdjhgghc l_ogheh]bb b kh^_j`bl feg
ljZgabklhjh\ < gZklhys__ \j_fy ^hklmigu fh^_eb k lZdlh\ufb qZklhlZfb b
F=p < 3HQWLXP,,, mklZgh\e_gh D[Zcl dwriZfylb i_j\h]h mjh\gy b D[Zcl dwr
iZfylb\lhjh]hmjh\gyjZ[hlZxs_cgZ iheh\bgghc qZklhl_ ijhp_kkhjZ H[t_f dwriZfylb
\lhjh]h mjh\gy iha\hey_l dwrbjh\Zlv ^h =[Zcl Z^j_km_fhc iZfylb 3HQWLXP,,, fh`_l bk
ihevah\Zlvky\^\moijhp_kkhjguo kbkl_fZokh[t_fhfiZfylb=[ZclIjhp_kkhj\uimkdZ
_lky\dhjimk_6(&&
Hkgh\gu_hkh[_gghklb 3HQWLXP,,,
^h[Z\e_gh gh\uo 6,0'bgkljmdpbc memqrZxsbo jZ[hlm k ijbeh`_gbyfb lj_o
f_jghc]jZnbdbihlhqgh]hZm^bh\b^_hbjZkihagZ\Zgby j_qbZlZd`_\dexq_gudh
fZgû00;
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gbyfbfmevlbf_^bZihj_amevlZlZfl_klZ0XOWLPHGLD0DUN
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kh\f_klbfkgZ[hjhffbdjhko_f,QWHO%;$*3VHW
kh^_j`blnmgdpbxk_jbcgh]hghf_jZijhp_kkhjZy\ey_lkyi_j\ufdhfihg_glhf kbk
l_fuh[_ki_q_gby[_ahiZkghklb 3&ij_êZ]Z_fhc dhjihjZpb_c ,QWHO
<h\k_oijhp_kkhjZo3HQWLXP,,,dwriZfylvjZ[hlZ_lgZiheh\bg_qZklhluijhp_kkhjZZ\
ijhp_kkhjZo3HQWLXP,,,;HRQ² gZqZklhl_ijhp_kkhjZ<lZ[eijb\_^_gul_ogbq_kdb_
^Zggu_3HQWLXP,,,

Òàáëèöà 3.40. Òåõíè÷åñêèå äàííûå ïðîöåññîðà Pentium III
Ïðîöåññîð Pentium III (550 ÌÃö)

Îáúåì êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ, Êáàéò 512
Òèï êîðïóñà SECC2
×àñòîòà ñèñòåìíîé øèíû, ÌÃö 100
Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ Ðàáî÷èå ñòàíöèè è ñåðâåðû íà÷àëüíîãî è ñðåäíåãî
óðîâíÿ
Ïðîöåññîð Pentium III (450 è 500 ÌÃö)
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ 26 ôåâðàëÿ 1999 ãîäà

Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ Ðàáî÷èå ñòàíöèè è ñåðâåðû íà÷àëüíîãî è ñðåäíåãî
óðîâíÿ
FZjdbjh\dZijhp_kkhjZ3HQWLXP,,,ihdZaZgZgZjbk
JbkFZjdbjh\dZijhp_kkhjZ3HQWLXP,,,

<lZ[eijb\_^_gu\_jkbbbbaf_g_gby3HQWLXP,,,
Òàáëèöà 3.41. Âåðñèè è èçìåíåíèÿ ïðîöåññîðà Pentium III

S-ñïåöè- Èçìåíåíèÿ CPUID Òàêòîâàÿ Îáúåì êýø- Òèï êýø- Òèï Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ
ôèêàöèÿ ÿäðà ÷àñòîòà ïàìÿòè ïàìÿòè êîðïóñà
ÌÃö óðîâíÿ, óðîâíÿ
Êáàéò
SL364 kB0 672 450/100 512 ECC SECC2

SL365 kB0 672 500/100 512 ECC SECC2
SL3CC kB0 672 450/100 512 ECC SECC2 1
SL3CD kB0 672 500/100 512 ECC SECC2 1
SL38E kB0 672 450/100 512 ECC SECC
SL38F kB0 672 500/100 512 ECC SECC
SL35D kC0 673 450/100 512 ECC SECC2
SL35E kC0 673 500/100 512 ECC SECC2
SL3F7 kC0 673 550/100 512 ECC SECC2
6(&&²6LQJOH(GJH&RQWDFW&DUWULGJH
6(&&²6LQJOH(GJH&RQWDFW&DUWULGJHUHYLVLRQ
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Wlbijhp_kkhjuihklZ\eyxlkykmklZgh\e_ggufl_iehhl\h^gufwe_f_glhf
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Ïðîöåññîð Pentium II/III Xeon
<k_f_ckl\_ijhp_kkhjh\3HQWLXP,,,,,_klvfh^_ebêyjZ[hqboklZgpbcbk_j\_jh\\uk
r_]hmjh\gygZau\Z_fu_;HRQHlh[uqguoijhp_kkhjh\3HQWLXP,,,,,k_f_ckl\h;HRQhleb
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Ijhp_kkhju 3HQWLXP,,,,, ;HRQ \uimkdZxlky \ [hevrbo dhjimkZo lbiZ 6(& ;hevrb_
jZaf_judhjimkZh[mkeh\e_gu [hevrbfh[t_fhfdwriZfylb \lhjh]h mjh\gy <g_rgbc \b^
dhjimkZ6(&ihdZaZggZjbkZ_]hdhfihg_glu²gZjbk
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Ijhp_kkhju 3HQWLXP,,,,, ;HRQ \uimkdZxlky k dwriZfylvx \lhjh]h mjh\gy h[t_fhf

D[ZclbF[ZclWlbfbh[tykgyxlky[hevrb_jZaf_jubodhjimkh\b\ukhdZyklhb
fhklv<h\k_oijhp_kkhjZo ;HRQdwriZfylv\lhjh]hmjh\gyjZ[hlZ_lgZqZklhl_ijhp_kkhjZ

<lZ[eijb\_^_gul_ogbq_kdb_^Zggu_ijhp_kkhjh\ wlh]hlbiZ
Òàáëèöà 3.42. Òåõíè÷åñêèå äàííûå ïðîöåññîðîâ Pentium II/III Xeon
Ïðîöåññîð Pentium III Xeon (500 è 550 ÌÃö)
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ 17 ìàðòà 1999 ãîäà
Îáúåì êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ 512 Êáàéò, 1 èëè 2 Ìáàéò
Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ Ðàáî÷èå ñòàíöèè è ñåðâåðû âûñîêîãî óðîâíÿ
Ïðîöåññîð Pentium II Xeon (450 ÌÃö)
Êîëè÷åñòâî òðàíçèñòîðîâ 7,5 ìëí
Îáúåì êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ 512 Êáàéò, 1 èëè 2 Ìáàéò
Òèï êîðïóñà SECC
Ðàçìåðû êîðïóñà, ìì 12,19u15,24u1,85
Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ Ðàáî÷èå ñòàíöèè è ñåðâåðû ñðåäíåãî óðîâíÿ
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ 6 îêòÿáðÿ 1998 ãîäà
Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ Äâóõïðîöåññîðíûå ðàáî÷èå ñòàíöèè è ñåðâåðû
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ 29 èþíÿ 1998 ãîäà
Îáúåì êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ 512 Êáàéò èëè 1 Ìáàéò

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ Ðàáî÷èå ñòàíöèè è ñåðâåðû íèçêîãî è ñðåäíåãî óðîâíÿ
H[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_qlhijhp_kkhju3HQWLXP,,,,,;HRQmklZgZ\eb\Z_fu_ \6ORWg_fh
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6ORW bkihevamxlky \ kj_^gbo b \ukhdhijhba\h^bl_evguo k_j\_jZo b jZ[hqbo klZgpbyo k
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ju3HQWLXP,,&HOHURQbeb3HQWLXP,,,mklZgZ\eb\Z_fu_ \jZat_flbiZ6ORW ijbf_gyxlky \
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ijhp_kkhjguo kbkl_fZo
Áóäóùåå ïðîöåññîðîâ Pentium III

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Ñåðèÿ AMD-K6
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Òàáëèöà 3.43. Òàêòîâûå ÷àñòîòû è íàïðÿæåíèÿ AMD-K6
Ïðîöåññîð Òàêòîâàÿ Ìíîæèòåëü ×àñòîòà øèíû, ÌÃö Íàïðÿæåíèå Íàïðÿæåíèå
÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö ÿäðà, Â ââîäà-âûâîäà, Â
K6-III 450 4,5x 100 2,4 3,3

K6-III 400 4x 100 2,4 3,3
K6-2 475 5x 95 2,4 3,3
K6-2 450 4,5x 100 2,4 3,3
K6-2 400 4x 100 2,2 3,3
K6-2 380 4x 95 2,2 3,3
K6-2 366 5,5x 66 2,2 3,3
K6-2 350 3,5x 100 2,2 3,3
K6-2 333 3,5x 95 2,2 3,3
K6-2 333 5,0x 66 2,2 3,3
K6-2 300 3x 100 2,2 3,3
K6-2 300 4,5x 66 2,2 3,3
K6-2 266 4x 66 2,2 3,3
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òèïîâ ãíåçä
Òèï ãíåçäà Ìàêñèìàëüíîå áûñòðîäåéñòâèå ïðîöåññîðà
Socket 1 5x86-133 ÌÃö ñ ïðåîáðàçîâàòåëåì íà 3,3 Â

Socket 2 5x86-133 ÌÃö ñ ïðåîáðàçîâàòåëåì íà 3,3 Â
Socket 3 5x86-133 ÌÃö
Socket 4 Pentium OverDrive 133 ÌÃö
Socket 5 Pentium MMX 233 ÌÃö èëè AMD K6 ñ ïðåîáðàçîâàòåëåì íà 2,8 Â
Ìîäåðíèçàöèÿ ïðîöåññîðà 189

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Òèï ãíåçäà Ìàêñèìàëüíîå áûñòðîäåéñòâèå ïðîöåññîðà
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Socket 8 Pentium Pro OverDrive
Slot 1 Celeron 466 ÌÃö (äëÿ øèíû ñ òàêòîâîé ÷àñòîòîé 66 ÌÃö)
Slot 1 Pentium III 550 ÌÃö (äëÿ øèíû ñ òàêòîâîé ÷àñòîòîé 100 ÌÃö)
Slot 2 Pentium III Xeon 550 ÌÃö (äëÿ øèíû ñ òàêòîâîé ÷àñòîòîé 100 ÌÃö)
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Êîìïàíèÿ Ïðîãðàììû-òåñòû Òèï òåñòà
Intel iCOMP index 2.0 Ïðîöåññîð

Intel iCOMP index 2.0 Intel Media Ñèñòåìà
Benchmark
Business Applications Performance SYSmark/NT Ñèñòåìà
Corporation (BAPCo)
Business Applications Performance SYSmark/NT, SYSmark95 Ñèñòåìà
Corporation for Windows (BAPCo)
Standard Performance Evaluation SPECint95 Ïðîöåññîð
Corporation (SPEC)
Standard Performance Evaluation SPECint95, SPECfp95 Ïðîöåññîð
Corporation (SPEC)
Ziff-Davis Benchmark Operation CPUmark32 Ïðîöåññîð
Ziff-Davis Benchmark Operation Winstone 98 Ñèñòåìà
Ziff-Davis Benchmark Operation WinBench 98 Ñèñòåìà
Ziff-Davis Benchmark Operation CPUmark32, Winstone 98, Ñèñòåìà
WinBench 98, 3D WinBench 98
Symantec Corporation Norton SI32 Ïðîöåññîð
Symantec Corporation Norton SI32, Norton Multimedia Ñèñòåìà
Benchmark
Ïðè÷èíû íåèñïðàâíîñòåé
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Ïðè÷èíû íåèñïðàâíîñòåé ïðîöåññîðîâ 191


Ãëàâà 4
Ñèñòåìíûå ïëàòû
Ôîðìôàêòîðû ñèñòåìíûõ ïëàò 194
Êîìïîíåíòû ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû 211
Íàáîðû ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè 212
Íàáîðû ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè ïÿòîãî
ïîêîëåíèÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ (P5 Pentium) 217
Øåñòîå ïîêîëåíèå íàáîðîâ ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé
ëîãèêè (P6 Pentium Pro è Pentium II/III) 225
Íàçíà÷åíèå è ôóíêöèîíèðîâàíèå øèí 242
Íàçíà÷åíèå ðàçúåìîâ ðàñøèðåíèÿ 246
Òèïû øèí ââîäà-âûâîäà 247
Ñèñòåìíûå ðåñóðñû 261
Ïðåäîòâðàùåíèå êîíôëèêòîâ, âîçíèêàþùèõ ïðè
èñïîëüçîâàíèè ðåñóðñîâ 269
Âûáîð ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû 280
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Ôîðìôàêòîð Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ
ATX Ñòàíäàðòíûå ñîâðåìåííûå íàñòîëüíûå êîìïüþòåðû â êîðïóñàõ mini-tower èëè full-

tower
Micro-ATX Ñèñòåìû íèæíåãî óðîâíÿ â êîðïóñàõ desktop èëè mini-tower
Flex-ATX Íåäîðîãèå êîìïüþòåðû â êîðïóñàõ desktop èëè mini-tower
NLX Êîðïîðàòèâíûå êîìïüþòåðû â êîðïóñàõ desktop èëè mini-tower ñ èíòåãðèðîâàííûì
ñåòåâûì àäàïòåðîì
WTX Âûñîêîïðîèçâîäèòåëüíûå ðàáî÷èå ñòàíöèè è ñåðâåðû ñðåäíåãî óðîâíÿ
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A êëàâèàòóðà èëè ìûøü PS/2, G ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé ïîðò B,

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E ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé ïîðò A, K ìèêðîôîí (íåîáÿçàòåëüíûé)
F ïàðàëëåëüíûé ïîðò,
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$7; IOH[$7; b 1/; fh`gh gZclb gZ :HEmae_ 3ODWIRUP 'HYHORSPHQW 6XSSRUW ih Z^j_km
http://www.teleport.com/~ffsupprt/
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Ôîðìôàêòîð Ðàñïîëîæåíèå îòâåðñòèé äëÿ êðåïëåíèÿ Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ
flex-ATX B, C, F, H, J, S
micro-ATX B, C, F, H, J, L, M, R, S Îòâåðñòèÿ R è S áûëè äîáàâëåíû â ôîðì-
ôàêòîð micro-ATX. Îòâåðñòèå B îïðåäåëÿåò-
ñÿ ôîðìàòîì ïîëíîðàçìåðíîé ïëàòû AT
ATX A, C, F, G, H, J, K, L, M Îòâåðñòèå F äîëæíî áûòü âî âñåõ ïëàòàõ è
êîðïóñàõ ôîðìàòà ATX ñïåöèôèêàöèè 2.03.
Ýòî îòâåðñòèå íåîáÿçàòåëüíî â ïëàòàõ è êîð-
ïóñàõ ATX ñïåöèôèêàöèè 1.1
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Òàáëèöà 4.1. Ðàçìåðû ñèñòåìíûõ ïëàò ñåìåéñòâà ATX

Ôîðìôàêòîð Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ øèðèíà, ìì (äþéìîâ) Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ ãëóáèíà, ìì (äþéìîâ)
ATX 305 (12,0) 244 (9,6)

mini-ATX 284 (11,2) 208 (8,2)
micro-ATX 244 (9,6) 244 (9,6)
flex-ATX 229 (9,0) 191 (7,5)
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Êîìïîíåíòû ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû 211

Òàáëèöà 4.2. Òåõíè÷åñêèå äàííûå ãíåçä ïðîöåññîðîâ
Òèï ãíåçäà Êîëè÷åñòâî Ðàñïîëîæåíèå Íàïðÿæåíèå, Â Óñòàíàâëèâàåìûå ïðîöåññîðû
êîíòàêòîâ êîíòàêòîâ
Socket 1 169 17u17 PGA 5 486 SX/SX2, DX/DX2*, DX4

OverDrive
Socket 2 238 19u19 PGA 5 486 SX/SX2, DX/DX2*, DX4
OverDrive, 486 Pentium
OverDrive
Socket 3 237 19u19 PGA 5/3,3 486 SX/SX2, DX/DX2, DX4,
486 Pentium OverDrive,
5x86
Socket 4 273 21u21 PGA 5 Pentium 60/66, OverDrive
Socket 5 320 37u37 SPGA 3,3/3,5 Pentium 75-133, OverDrive
Socket 6** 235 19u19 PGA 3.3 486 DX4, 486 Pentium
OverDrive
Socket 7 321 37u37 SPGA VRM Pentium 75-266+, MMX,
OverDrive, 6x86, K6
Socket 8 387 dual pattern SPGA Auto VRM Pentium Pro
Socket 370 37u37 SPGA Auto VRM PGA Celeron, ñëåäóþùèå
PGA370 ìîäåëè Pentium III
Slot 1 242 SEC/SEPP Slot Auto VRM Pentium II, SEP Celeron,
Pentium III
Slot 2/SC330 330 SEC Slot Auto VRM Pentium II Xeon, Pentium III
Xeon
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Íàáîðû ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè

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Òàáëèöà 4.3. Êîìïîíåíòû ñèñòåìíûõ ïëàò
Íàçíà÷åíèå ìèêðîñõåìû Âåðñèÿ PC/XT Âåðñèÿ AT
Ïðîöåññîð 8088 80286

Ìàòåìàòè÷åñêèé ñîïðîöåññîð (ìîäóëü äëÿ âûïîëíåíèÿ îïåðàöèé 8087 80287
íàä ÷èñëàìè ñ ïëàâàþùåé çàïÿòîé)
Ãåíåðàòîð òàêòîâîé ÷àñòîòû 8284 82284
Êîíòðîëëåð øèíû 8288 82288
Ñèñòåìíûé òàéìåð 8253 8254
Êîíòðîëëåð ïðåðûâàíèé íèçêîãî óðîâíÿ 8259 8259
Êîíòðîëëåð ïðåðûâàíèé âûñîêîãî óðîâíÿ 8259
Êîíòðîëëåð ïðÿìîãî äîñòóïà ê ïàìÿòè íèçêîãî óðîâíÿ 8237 8237
Êîíòðîëëåð ïðÿìîãî äîñòóïà ê ïàìÿòè âûñîêîãî óðîâíÿ 8237
Ïàìÿòü CMOS è ÷àñû MC146818
Êîíòðîëëåð êëàâèàòóðû 8255 8042
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Ìîäåëè íàáîðîâ ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè ôèðìû Intel

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Íîìåð íàáîðà ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè Ïîêîëåíèå ïðîöåññîðà
420xx P4 (486)
430xx P5 (Pentium)
440xx P6 (Pentium Pro/Pentium II/Pentium III)
450xx P6 Server (Pentium Pro/Pentium II/III Xeon)
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A ðàçúåì Wake on Ring,* Q ðàçúåì äèñêîâîäà,

B Yamaha YMF740 (DS1-L), R ðàçúåì SCSI LED,*
C àíàëîãîâîå óñòðîéñòâî AD1819A SoundPort Codec,* S ðàçúåìû ïåðâè÷íîãî è âòîðè÷íîãî êàíàëîâ
D ðàçúåì Wake on LAN,* IDE,
E ðàçúåì àóäèîíàêîïèòåëÿ CD-ROM,* T ðàçúåìû ïåðåäíåé ïàíåëè,
F ðàçúåì ëèíåéíîãî âõîäà íàêîïèòåëÿ CD-ROM,* U ðàçúåì Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP),
G òåëåôîííûé ðàçúåì,* V Intel 82371EB PCI ISA IDE Xcelerator (PIIX4E
South Bridge),
H ðàçúåì ëèíåéíîãî âõîäà,*
W ðàçúåì PCI ISA DMA,
I ðàçúåì ëèíåéíîãî âõîäà âèäåî,*
X áàòàðåéêà 3 Â,
J çàäíÿÿ ïàíåëü ñ ðàçúåìàìè,
Y êîíòðîëëåð SMSC FDC37M707 Super I/O,
K 242-êîíòàêòíûé ðàçúåì Slot-1 Pentium II/III,
Z Flash BIOS,
L ðàçúåì ïèòàíèÿ âåíòèëÿòîðà ïðîöåññîðà (Fan 2),
AA êîíôèãóðàöèîííûå ïåðåìû÷êè,
M êîíòðîëëåð Intel 82443BX PCI/AGP (44BX North
Bridge), BB âñòðîåííûé ãðîìêîãîâîðèòåëü,
N ãíåçäà DIMM, CC ðàçúåìû PCI,
O ðàçúåì ïèòàíèÿ Fan 1, DD ðàçúåì ïèòàíèÿ Fan 3,
P îñíîâíîé ðàçúåì ïèòàíèÿ, EE ðàçúåìû ISA,
FF ðàçúåì ïåðåêëþ÷àòåëÿ áëîêèðîâêè,*
* íåîáÿçàòåëüíûå ýëåìåíòû
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Ïåðâûå íàáîðû ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè

386/486 ôèðìû Intel
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'; b Ghhgmki_oZg_ bf_e² rbgZ (,6$ g_ ihemqbeZ rbjhdh]h jZkijhkljZg_gby
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]hm^Zqeb\__<lZ[ei_j_qbke_gu gZ[hjufbdjhko_fkbkl_fghceh]bdbêy ijhp_kkhjZ
,QWHO
Òàáëèöà 4.4. Íàáîðû ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè äëÿ ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû
Intel 486
Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè 420TX 420EX 420ZX
Êîäîâîå íàçâàíèå Saturn Aries Saturn II

Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ Íîÿáðü 1992 Ìàðò 1994 Ìàðò 1994
Ïðîöåññîð 5 Â, 486 5 Â/3,3 Â, 486 5 Â/3,3 Â, 486
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà øèíû, ÌÃö Äî 33 Äî 50 Äî 333
Ïîääåðæêà SMP (äâà ïðîöåññîðà) Íåò Íåò Íåò
Òèï ïàìÿòè FPM FPM FPM
Êîíòðîëü ÷åòíîñòè èëè ECC Êîíòðîëü ÷åòíîñòè Êîíòðîëü ÷åòíîñòè Êîíòðîëü ÷åòíîñòè
Ìàêñèìàëüíûé îáúåì ïàìÿòè, Ìáàéò 128 128 160
Òèï êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ Async Async Async
Ïîääåðæêà PCI 2.0 2.0 2.1
Ïîääåðæêà AGP Íåò Íåò Íåò
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^\moijhp_kkhjgZy
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Çàìå÷àíèå
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,QWHO ^h\hevgh mki_rgh kijZ\beZkv k jZajZ[hldhc gZ[hjh\ fbdjhko_f kbkl_fghc eh]bdb

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Íàáîðû ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé

ëîãèêè ïðîöåññîðîâ Pentium
H^gh\j_f_ggh kihy\e_gb_fijhp_kkhjZ3HQWLXP\fZjl_]h^Z,QWHOij_^klZ\beZk\hc
i_j\uc gZ[hj fbdjhko_f kbkl_fghc eh]bdb /; ih^ dh^h\uf gZa\Zgb_f 0HUFXU\ êy
3HQWLXPBf_ggh\wlhl]h^,QWHOk_jv_aghaZgyeZkvijh_dlbjh\Zgb_f gZ[hjh\fbdjhko_fkbk
l_fghceh]bdbbijbeh`beZ\k_mkbebyqlh[uklZlveb^_jhfgZjugd_Bihkdhevdmm^jm]bo
ijhba\h^bl_e_c ijh_dlbjh\Zgb_ gZ[hjh\ fbdjhko_f kbkl_fghc eh]bdb aZgbfZeh g_kdhevdh
f_kyp_\Zlhb]h^hq_gvkdhjh,QWHO^h[beZkvk\h_cp_eb < lZ[e i_j_qbke_gu gZ[hju
fbdjhko_fkbkl_fghceh]bdb,QWHOêykbkl_fguoieZl3HQWLXP
Òàáëèöà 4.5. Íàáîðû ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè Intel äëÿ ñèñòåìíûõ ïëàò
Pentium
Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì 430LX 430NX 430FX 430MX 430HX 430VX 430TX
ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè
Êîäîâîå íàçâàíèå Mercury Neptune Triton Mobile Triton II Triton III íåò
Triton
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ Ìàðò Ìàðò ßíâàðü Îêòÿáðü Ôåâðàëü Ôåâðàëü Ôåâ-
1993 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 ðàëü
1997
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà 66 66 66 66 66 66 66
øèíû, ÌÃö
Ïîääåðæèâàåìûå P60/66 P75+ P75+ P75+ P75+ P75+ P75+
ïðîöåññîðû
SMP (äâà ïðîöåññîðà) Íåò Åñòü Íåò Íåò Åñòü Íåò Íåò
Òèïû ïàìÿòè FPM FPM FPM/EDO FPM/EDO FPM/EDO FPM/EDO/ FPM/
SDRAM EDO/
SDRAM
Êîíòðîëü ÷åòíîñòè Êîíò- Êîíò- Íåò Íåò Îáà Íåò Íåò
èëè ECC ðîëü ðîëü
÷åò- ÷åò-
íîñòè íîñòè
Ìàêñèìàëüíûé îáúåì 192 512 128 128 512 128 256
ïàìÿòè, Ìáàéò
Ìàêñèìàëüíûé êýøè- 192 512 64 64 512 64 64
ðóåìûé îáúåì ïàìÿ-
òè, Ìáàéò
Íàáîðû ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè ïðîöåññîðîâ Pentium 217

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì 430LX 430NX 430FX 430MX 430HX 430VX 430TX
ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè
Òèï êýø-ïàìÿòè âòî- Async Async Async/ Async/ Async/ Async/ Async/
ðîãî óðîâíÿ Pburst Pburst Pburst Pburst Pburst
Ïîääåðæêà PCI 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1
Ïîääåðæêà AGP Íåò Íåò Íåò Íåò Íåò Íåò Íåò
South Bridge SIO SIO PIIX MPIIX PIIX3 PIIX3 PIIX4
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<lZ[ei_j_qbke_gu \k_fbdjhko_fu6RXWK%ULGJHkhklZ\eyxsb_ \lhjmxqZklvgZ[h

jh\fbdjhko_fkbkl_fghceh]bdbiylh]hihdhe_gbyijhp_kkhjh\gZkbkl_fguoieZlZo,QWHO
Òàáëèöà 4.6. Ìèêðîñõåìû South Bridge ôèðìû Intel
Íàçâàíèå SIO PIIX PIIX3 PIIX4 PIIX4E ICH0 ICH
ìèêðîñõåìû
Íîìåð 82378IB/ 82371FB 82371SB 82371AB 82371EB 82801AB 82801AA

ZB
Ïîääåðæêà IDE Íåò BMIDE BMIDE UDMA-33 UDMA-33 UDMA-33 UDMA-66
Ïîääåðæêà USB Íåò Íåò Åñòü Åñòü Åñòü Åñòü Åñòü
CMOS è ÷àñû Íåò Íåò Íåò Åñòü Åñòü Åñòü Åñòü
Óïðàâëåíèå SMM SMM SMM SMM SMM/ACPI SMM/ACPI SMM/ACPI
ïèòàíèåì
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Intel 430LX (Mercury)

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Intel 430NX (Neptune)

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Intel 430FX (Triton)

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Intel 430HX (Triton II)

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Øåñòîå ïîêîëåíèå ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè Pentium Pro è Pentium II/III 225
Òàáëèöà 4.7. Íàáîðû ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè äëÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ
Pentium Pro
Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè 450KX 450GX 440FX
Êîäîâîå íàçâàíèå Orion Workstation Orion Server Natoma
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ Íîÿáðü 1995 Íîÿáðü 1995 Ìàé 1996
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà øèíû, ÌÃö 66 66 66
Ïîääåðæêà SMP (äâà ïðîöåññîðà) Åñòü Åñòü (4 ïðîöåññîðà) Åñòü
Òèïû ïàìÿòè FPM FPM FPM/EDO/BEDO
Êîíòðîëü ÷åòíîñòè/ECC Îáà Îáà Îáà
Ìàêñèìàëüíûé îáúåì ïàìÿòè, Ãáàéò 8 1 1
Òèï êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ Â ïðîöåññîðå Â ïðîöåññîðå Â ïðîöåññîðå
Ìàêñèìàëüíûé îáúåì êýøèðóåìîé 1 1 1
ïàìÿòè, Ãáàéò
Ïîääåðæêà PCI 2.0 2.0 2.1
Ïîääåðæêà AGP Íåò Íåò Íåò
Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå AGP
South Bridge Ðàçëè÷íûå Ðàçëè÷íûå PIIX3
<lZ[eijb\_^_gugZ[hjufbdjhko_fkbkl_fghceh]bdbnbjfu,QWHOêyijhp_kkhjh\
&HOHURQb3HQWLXP,,,,,
Òàáëèöà 4.8. Íàáîðû ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè äëÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ
Pentium II/III (êîìïîíåíò 1RUWK %ULGJH)
Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè 440FX 440LX 440EX 440BX
Êîäîâîå íàçâàíèå Natoma Íåò Íåò Íåò
Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ Ìàé 1996 Àâãóñò 1997 Àïðåëü 1998 Àïðåëü 1998
Íîìåðà ìèêðîñõåì 82441FX, 82443LX 82443EX 82443BX
82442FX
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà øèíû, ÌÃö 66 66 66 66/100
Îïòèìàëüíûé ïðîöåññîð Pentium II Pentium II Celeron Celeron,
Pentium II/III
Ïîääåðæêà SMP (äâà ïðîöåññîðà) Åñòü Åñòü Íåò Åñòü
Òèïû ïàìÿòè FPM/EDO/ FPM/EDO/ FPM/EDO/ FPM/EDO/
BEDO SDRAM SDRAM SDRAM
Êîíòðîëü ÷åòíîñòè/ECC Îáà Îáà Íèêàêîãî Îáà
Ìàêñèìàëüíûé îáúåì ïàìÿòè 1 Ãáàéò 1 Ãáàéò 256 Ìáàéò 1 Ãáàéò
EDO/512 Ìáà
éò SDRAM
Êîëè÷åñòâî áàíêîâ ïàìÿòè 4 4 2 4
Ïîääåðæêà PCI 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1
Ïîääåðæêà AGP Íåò AGP-1x AGP-1x AGP-2x
South Bridge 82371SB 82371AB 82371EB 82371EB
(PIIX3) (PIIX4) (PIIX4E) (PIIX4E)
Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè 440GX 440NX 440ZX 810

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè 440FX 440LX 440EX 440BX
Êîäîâîå íàçâàíèå Íåò Íåò Íåò Whitney

Äàòà ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ Èþíü 1998 Èþíü 1998 Íîÿáðü Àïðåëü1999
1998
Íîìåðà ìèêðîñõåì 82443GX 82451NX, 82443ZX 82810/8281
82452NX, 0-DC100,
42453NX, 82802AB/AC
82454NX
Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà øèíû, ÌÃö 100 100 66/100 66/100
Îïòèìàëüíûé ïðîöåññîð Pentium II/III Pentium II/III Celeron, Celeron,
Xeon Xeon Pentium II/III Pentium II/III
Ïîääåðæêà SMP (äâà ïðîöåññîðà) Åñòü Åñòü, äî 4 Íåò Íåò
Òèïû ïàìÿòè SDRAM FPM/EDO SDRAM SDRAM
Êîíòðîëü ÷åòíîñòè/ECC Îáà Îáà Íèêàêîãî Íèêàêîãî
Ìàêñèìàëüíûé îáúåì ïàìÿòè 2 Ãáàéò 8 Ãáàéò 256 Ìáàéò 256 Ìáàéò
Êîëè÷åñòâî áàíêîâ ïàìÿòè 4 4 2 2
Ïîääåðæêà PCI 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2
Ïîääåðæêà AGP AGP-2x Íåò AGP-2x Direct AGP
South Bridge 82371EB 82371EB 82371EB 82801AA/
(PIIX4E) (PIIX4E) (PIIX4E) AB
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Òàáëèöà 4.9. Êîìïîíåíòû South Bridge ôèðìû Intel
Íàçíà÷åíèå SIO PIIX PIIX3 PIIX4 PIIX4E ICH0 ICH
ìèêðîñõåìû
Íîìåð ìèê- 82378IB/ZB 82371FB 82371SB 82371AB 82371EB 82801AB 82801AA

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USB
CMOS Íåò Íåò Íåò Åñòü Åñòü Åñòü Åñòü
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Ðàçúåìû ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû

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A àêòèâèçàöèÿ ïî âõîäÿùåìó çâîíêó (J1A1), K Fan 1 (J8M1),

B ðàçúåìû PCI (J4D2, J4D1, J4C1, J4B1), L ðàçúåì äëÿ ïîäêëþ÷åíèÿ äèñêîâîäà (J8K1),
C àêòèâèçàöèÿ ïðè äîñòóïå èç ëîêàëüíîé ñåòè M ðàçúåì ïèòàíèÿ (J7L1),
(íåîáÿçàòåëüíî) (J1C1), N èíäèêàòîð SCSI (íåîáÿçàòåëüíî) (J8J1),
D Fan 3 (J3F2), O ïåðåäíÿÿ ïàíåëü (J8G2),
E ëèíåéíûé âõîä (íåîáÿçàòåëüíî) (J2F2), P ïåðâè÷íûé è âòîðè÷íûé êàíàë IDE (J7G1, J8G1),
F òåëåôîííûé ðàçúåì (íåîáÿçàòåëüíî) (J2F1), Q ãíåçäà äëÿ ìîäóëåé ïàìÿòè DIMM (J6J1, J6J2,
G àóäèîâõîä CD-ROM (íåîáÿçàòåëüíî) (J1F1), J7J1),
H îòêðûòèå êîðïóñà (íåîáÿçàòåëüíî) (J3F1), R AGP (J4E1),
I Slot 1 (J4J1), S PC/PCI (J6D1),
J Fan 2 (J4M1), T ðàçúåìû ISA (J4B2, J4A1)
Òàáëèöà 4.10. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ðàçúåìà èíôðàêðàñíîãî ïîðòà

Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë
1 +5 Â 4 Îáùèé
2 Êëþ÷ 5 IrTX
3 IrRx 6 CONIR (Consumer IR)
Òàáëèöà 4.11. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ áàòàðåéêè

1 Îáùèé 3 Êëþ÷
2 Íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ 4 +6 Â
Òàáëèöà 4.12. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ðàçúåìîâ ñâåòîäèîäíîãî èíäèêàòîðà

(LED) è áëîêèðîâêè êëàâèàòóðû (Keylock)
1 Ïèòàíèå LED (+5 Â) 4 Êëàâèàòóðà áëîêèðîâàíà

2 Êëþ÷ 5 Îáùèé
3 Îáùèé
Òàáëèöà 4.13. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ðàçúåìà ãðîìêîãîâîðèòåëÿ

1 Îáùèé 3 Ãðîìêîãîâîðèòåëü íà ñèñ-

òåìíîé ïëàòå
2 Êëþ÷ 4 Âíåøíèé ãðîìêîãîâîðèòåëü
Òàáëèöà 4.14. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ðàçúåìà ïèòàíèÿ âåíòèëÿòîðà ïðîöåññîðà

Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë
1 Îáùèé
2 +12 Â
3 Òàõîìåòð
Âíèìàíèå!
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Òàáëèöà 4.15. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ðàçúåìà îòêðûòèÿ êîðïóñà
1 Îáùèé
2 CHS_SEC
Òàáëèöà 4.16. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ðàçúåìà àêòèâèçàöèè ïðè äîñòóïå

èç ëîêàëüíîé ñåòè
1 +5 Â
2 Îáùèé
3 WOL
Òàáëèöà 4.17. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ðàçúåìà àóäèîâõîäà CD-ROM

1 CD-IN (ëåâûé êàíàë) 3 Îáùèé

2 Îáùèé 4 CD-IN (ïðàâûé êàíàë)
Òàáëèöà 4.18. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ òåëåôîííîãî ðàçúåìà

1 Àóäèîâûõîä 3 Îáùèé
2 Îáùèé 4 Àóäèîâõîä
Òàáëèöà 4.19. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ëèíåéíîãî âõîäà

1 Âõîä (ëåâûé êàíàë) 3 Îáùèé

2 Îáùèé 4 Âõîä (ïðàâûé êàíàë)
Òàáëèöà 4.20. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ àêòèâèçàöèè ïî âõîäÿùåìó çâîíêó

1 Îáùèé
2 RINGA
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Òàáëèöà 4.21. Íàçíà÷åíèå êîíòàêòîâ ðàçúåìà íà ïåðåäíåé ïàíåëè
ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû
Ðàçúåì Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë
Speaker 27 SPKR_HDR
26 PIEZO_IN
25 Êëþ÷
24 Îáùèé
Reset 23 SW_RST
22 Îáùèé
Íåò 21 Íå ïîäêëþ÷åí/Êëþ÷
Sleep/Power LED 20 PWR_LED
19 Êëþ÷
18 Îáùèé
Íåò 17 Íå ïîäêëþ÷åí/Êëþ÷
Hard Drive LED 16 HD_PWR
15 HDActive#
14 Êëþ÷
13 HD_PWR +5 Â
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IrDA 11 CONIR (Consumer IR)
10 IrTX
9 Îáùèé
8 IrRX
7 Êëþ÷
6 +5 Â
Íåò 5 Íå ïîäêëþ÷åí
Sleep/Resume 4 SLEEP_PU (pullup)
3 SLEEP
Power On 2 Îáùèé
1 SW_ON#
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Òèï øèíû Ðàçðÿäíîñòü, áèò ×àñòîòà, ÌÃö Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ, Ìáàéò/ñ
8-ðàçðÿäíàÿ ISA 8 4,77 2,39

16-ðàçðÿäíàÿ ISA 16 8,33 8,33
EISA* 32 8,33 33,3
VLB* 32 33,33 133,33
PCI 32 33,33 133,33
PCI-2x** 32 66,66 266,66
64-ðàçðÿäíàÿ PCI** 64 33,33 266,66
64-ðàçðÿäíàÿ PCI-2x** 64 66,66 533,33
AGP 32 66,66 266,66
AGP-2x 32 66,66 533,33
AGP-4x 32 66,66 1 066,66
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Òàáëèöà 4.22. Íàçíà÷åíèå êîíòàêòîâ ðàçúåìà øèíû PCI (íàïðÿæåíèå 5 Â)
Êîíòàêò Íàçâàíèå ñèãíàëà Êîíòàêò Íàçâàíèå ñèãíàëà
B1 -12 Â A1 Test Reset
B2 Test Clock A2 +12 Â
B3 Îáùèé A3 Test Mode Select
B4 Test Data Output A4 Test Data Input
B5 +5 Â A5 +5 Â
B6 +5 Â A6 Interrupt A
B7 Interrupt B A7 Interrupt C
B8 Interrupt D A8 +5 Â
B9 PRSNT1# A9 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
B10 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí A10 +5 Â
B12 Îáùèé A12 Îáùèé
B14 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí A14 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
B15 Îáùèé A15 Reset
B16 Clock A16 +5 Â
B18 Request A18 Îáùèé
B19 +5 Â A19 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
B20 Àäðåñ, áèò 31 A20 Àäðåñ, áèò 30
B21 Àäðåñ, áèò 29 A21 +3,3 Â
B22 Îáùèé A22 Àäðåñ, áèò 28
B24 Àäðåñ, áèò 25 A24 Îáùèé
B25 +3,3 Â A25 Àäðåñ, áèò 24
B26 C/BE 3 A26 Init Device Select
B27 Àäðåñ, áèò 23 A27 +3,3 Â
B31 +3,3 Â A31 Àäðåñ, áèò 18
B33 C/BE 2 A33 +3,3 Â
B34 Îáùèé A34 Cycle Frame
B35 Initiator Ready A35 Îáùèé
B36 +3,3 Â A36 Target Ready
B37 Device Select A37 Îáùèé
B38 Îáùèé A38 Stop
B39 Lock A39 +3,3 Â

Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
B40 Parity Error A40 Snoop Done
B41 +3,3 Â A41 Snoop Backoff
B42 System Error A42 Îáùèé
B43 +3,3 Â A43 PAR
B44 C/BE 1 A44 Àäðåñ, áèò 15
B45 Àäðåñ, áèò 14 A45 +3,3 Â
B50 Êëþ÷ A50 Êëþ÷
B52 Àäðåñ, áèò 8 A52 C/BE 0
B53 Àäðåñ, áèò 7 A53 +3,3 Â
B54 +3,3 Â A54 Àäðåñ, áèò 6
B59 +5 Â A59 +5 Â
B60 Acknowledge 64-bit A60 Request 64-bit
B61 +5 Â A61 +5 Â
B62 Êëþ÷ (+5 Â) A62 Êëþ÷ (+5 Â)
B63 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí A63 Îáùèé
B64 Îáùèé A64 C/BE 7
B65 C/BE 6 A65 C/BE 5
B66 C/BE 4 A66 +5 Â
B67 Îáùèé A67 Parity 64-bit
B70 +5 Â A70 Àäðåñ, áèò 60
B75 Àäðåñ, áèò 53 A75 +5 Â

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
B84 Àäðåñ, áèò 41 A84 +5 Â
B94 Îáùèé A94 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
JbkJZat_furbgu3&,kgZijy`_gb_f<
Òàáëèöà 4.23. Íàçíà÷åíèå êîíòàêòîâ ðàçúåìà øèíû PCI (íàïðÿæåíèå 3,3 Â)

B5 +5 Â A5 +5 Â

Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
B10 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí A10 +3,3 Â
B16 Clock A16 +3,3 Â
B17 Îáùèé A17 Grant
B19 +3,3 Â A19 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
B21 Àäðåñ, áèò 29 A21 +3,3 Â
B25 +3,3 Â A25 Àäðåñ, áèò 24
B27 Àäðåñ, áèò 23 A27 +3,3 Â
B31 +3,3 Â A31 Àäðåñ, áèò 18
B33 C/BE 2 A33 +3,3 Â
B39 Lock A39 +3,3 Â
B43 +3,3 Â A43 PAR
B45 Àäðåñ, áèò 14 A45 +3,3 Â

Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
B59 +3,3 Â A59 +3,3 Â
B61 +5 Â A61 +5 Â
B62 Êëþ÷ (+5 Â) A62 Êëþ÷ (+5 Â)
B65 C/BE 6 A65 C/BE 5
B66 C/BE 4 A66 +3,3 Â
B70 +3,3 Â A70 Àäðåñ, áèò 60
B75 Àäðåñ, áèò 53 A75 +3,3 Â
B79 +3,3 Â A79 Àäðåñ, áèò 48
B84 Àäðåñ, áèò 41 A84 +3,3 Â

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
B88 +3,3 Â A88 Àäðåñ, áèò 36
JbkJZat_furbgu3&,kgZijy`_gb_f<
Òàáëèöà 4.24. Íàçíà÷åíèå êîíòàêòîâ ðàçúåìà óíèâåðñàëüíîé øèíû PCI

B5 +5 Â A5 +5 Â
B10 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí A10 +Â I/O

Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
B16 Clock A16 +Â I/O
B19 +Â I/O A19 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
B21 Àäðåñ, áèò 29 A21 +3,3 Â
B25 +3,3 Â A25 Àäðåñ, áèò 24
B27 Àäðåñ, áèò 23 A27 +3,3 Â
B31 +3,3 Â A31 Àäðåñ, áèò 18
B33 C/BE 2 A33 +3,3 Â
B39 Lock A39 +3,3 Â
B43 +3,3 Â A43 PAR
B45 Àäðåñ, áèò 14 A45 +3,3 Â

HdhqZgb_lZ[e
B59 +Â I/O A59 +Â I/O
B61 +5 Â A61 +5 Â
B62 Êëþ÷ (+5 Â) A62 Êëþ÷ (+5 Â)
B65 C/BE 6 A65 C/BE 5
B66 C/BE 4 A66 +Â I/O
B70 +Â I/O A70 Àäðåñ, áèò 60
B75 Àäðåñ, áèò 53 A75 +Â I/O
B84 Àäðåñ, áèò 41 A84 +Â I/O

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Óñêîðåííûé ãðàôè÷åñêèé ïîðò (AGP)

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Òàáëèöà 4.25. Ïàðàìåòðû ðàçëè÷íûõ ðåæèìîâ ðàáîòû AGP
Ðåæèì AGP Áàçîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö Ðàáî÷àÿ ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ, Ìáàéò/ñ
1x 66 66 266
2x 66 133 533
4x 66 266 1 066
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Êàíàëû ïðÿìîãî äîñòóïà ê ïàìÿòè

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Àäðåñà ïîðòîâ ââîäà-âûâîäà

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Òàáëèöà 4.26. Àäðåñà ïîðòîâ, èñïîëüçóåìûå óñòðîéñòâàìè ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû
è íàáîðîì ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè
Àäðåñ Ðàçìåð Îïèñàíèå
(øåñòíàäöàòåðè÷íûé)
000-000F 16 áàéò Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè 8237 DMA 1

0020-0021 2 áàéò Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè êîíòðîëëåð ïðåðûâàíèé
8259 (1)
002E-002F 2 áàéò Ðåãèñòðû êîíòðîëëåðà êîíôèãóðàöèè Super I/O
0040-0043 4 áàéò Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè ñ÷åò÷èê/òàéìåð 1
0048-004B 4 áàéò Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè ñ÷åò÷èê/òàéìåð 2
0060 1 áàéò Áàéò êîíòðîëëåðà êëàâèàòóðû è ìûøè Reset IRQ
0061 1 áàéò Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè NMI, äèíàìèê
0064 1 áàéò Áàéò CMD/STAT êîíòðîëëåðà êëàâèàòóðû è ìûøè
0070, áèò 7 1 áèò Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè Enable NMI
0070, áèòû 6:0 7 áèò MC146818 ÷àñû ðåàëüíîãî âðåìåíè, àäðåñ
0071 1 áàéò MC146818 ÷àñû ðåàëüíîãî âðåìåíè, äàííûå
0078 1 áàéò Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå ïëàòû
0079 1 áàéò Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå ïëàòû
0080-008F 16 áàéò Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè ðåãèñòðû ñòðàíèö
00A0-00A1 2 áàéò Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè êîíòðîëëåð ïðåðûâàíèé
8259 (2)
00B2 1 áàéò Ïîðò óïðàâëåíèÿ APM
00B3 1 áàéò Ïîðò ñîñòîÿíèÿ APM
00C0-00DE 31 áàéò Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè 8237 DMA 2
00F0 1 áàéò Âîññòàíîâëåíèå ïðè îøèáêàõ ñîïðîöåññîðà
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Òàáëèöà 4.27. Àäðåñà ïîðòîâ óñòðîéñòâ íà øèíå
0130-0133 4 áàéò Àäàïòåð Adaptec SCSI (àëüòåðíàòèâíûé)
0168-016F 8 áàéò ×åòâåðòûé ðàçúåì IDE
0170-0177 8 áàéò Âñïîìîãàòåëüíûé ðàçúåì IDE
01E8-01EF 8 áàéò Òðåòèé ðàçúåì IDE
01F0-01F7 8 áàéò Ïåðâè÷íûé êîíòðîëëåð æåñòêèõ äèñêîâ IDE/AT (16 áèò)
0200-0207 8 áàéò Àäàïòåð èãðîâîãî ïîðòà èëè äæîéñòèêà
0210-0217 8 áàéò IBM XT Expansion Chassis
0220-0233 20 áàéò Creative Labs Sound Blaster 16 Audio (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
0238-023B 4 áàéò Ìûøü MS (àëüòåðíàòèâíûé)
023C-023F 4 áàéò Ìûøü MS (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
0240-024F 16 áàéò Àäàïòåð SMC Ethernet (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
0240-0253 20 áàéò Çâóêîâàÿ ïëàòà Creative Labs Sound Blaster 16 (àëüòåðíàòèâíûé)
0258-025F 8 áàéò Intel Above Board
0260-026F 16 áàéò Àäàïòåð SMC Ethernet (àëüòåðíàòèâíûé)
0270-0273 4 áàéò Ïîðòû ââîäà-âûâîäà (äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ) Plug and Play
0278-027F 8 áàéò Ïàðàëëåëüíûé ïîðò 2 (LPT2)
02A0-02AF 16 áàéò Àäàïòåð SMC Ethernet (àëüòåðíàòèâíûé)
02C0-02CF 16 áàéò Àäàïòåð SMC Ethernet (àëüòåðíàòèâíûé)
02E0-02EF 16 áàéò Àäàïòåð SMC Ethernet (àëüòåðíàòèâíûé)
02E8-02EF 8 áàéò Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé ïîðò 4 (COM4)
02EC-02EF 4 áàéò Ñòàíäàðòíûå ïîðòû âèäåîàäàïòåðà, 8514 èëè ATI
02F8-02FF 8 áàéò Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé ïîðò 2 (COM2)
0300-0301 2 áàéò Ïîðò MPU-401 MIDI (âòîðè÷íûé)
0320-0323 4 áàéò Êîíòðîëëåð æåñòêîãî äèñêà XT (8 áèò)
0330-0331 2 áàéò Ïîðò MPU-401 MIDI (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
0330-0333 4 áàéò Àäàïòåð Adaptec SCSI (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
0366 1 áàéò ×åòâåðòûé ïîðò IDE (óïðàâëåíèå)
0367, áèòû 6:0 7 áèò ×åòâåðòûé ïîðò IDE (ñòàòóñ)

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0370-0375 6 áàéò Âòîðè÷íûé êîíòðîëëåð ãèáêèõ äèñêîâ
0376 1 áàéò Âòîðè÷íûé ïîðò IDE (óïðàâëåíèå)
0377, áèò 7 1 áèò Âòîðè÷íûé êîíòðîëëåð ãèáêèõ äèñêîâ (èçìåíåíèå)
0377, áèòû 6:0 7 áèò Âòîðè÷íûé ïîðò IDE (ñîñòîÿíèå)
0378-037F 8 áàéò Ïàðàëëåëüíûé ïîðò 1 (LPT1)
0388-038B 4 áàéò FM-ñèíòåçàòîð
03B0-03BB 12 áàéò Ñòàíäàðòíûå ïîðòû âèäåîàäàïòåðà, Mono/EGA/VGA
03BC-03BF 4 áàéò Ïàðàëëåëüíûé ïîðò 1 (LPT1) â íåêîòîðûõ ñèñòåìàõ
03BC-03BF 4 áàéò Ïàðàëëåëüíûé ïîðò 3 (LPT3)
03C0-03CF 16 áàéò Ñòàíäàðòíûå ïîðòû âèäåîàäàïòåðà, EGA/VGA
03D0-03DF 16 áàéò Ñòàíäàðòíûå ïîðòû âèäåîàäàïòåðà, CGA/EGA/VGA
03E6 1 áàéò Òðåòèé ïîðò IDE (êîìàíäû)
03E7, áèòû 6:0 7 áèò Òðåòèé ïîðò IDE (ñòàòóñ)
03E8-03EF 8 áàéò Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé ïîðò 3 (COM3)
03F0-03F5 6 áàéò Ïåðâè÷íûé êîíòðîëëåð ãèáêèõ äèñêîâ
03F6 1 áàéò Ïåðâè÷íûé ïîðò IDE (êîìàíäû)
03F7, áèò 7 1 áèò Ïåðâè÷íûé êîíòðîëëåð ãèáêèõ äèñêîâ (èçìåíåíèå)
03F7, áèòû 6:0 7 áèò Ñîñòîÿíèå ïåðâè÷íîãî ïîðòà IDE
03F8-03FF 8 áàéò Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé ïîðò 1 (COM1)
04D0-04D1 2 áàéò Êîíòðîëëåð óðîâíÿ ïðåðûâàíèé PCI
0530-0537 8 áàéò Çâóêîâàÿ ñèñòåìà Windows (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
0604-060B 8 áàéò Çâóêîâàÿ ñèñòåìà Windows (àëüòåðíàòèâíûé)
0678-067F 8 áàéò LPT2 â ðåæèìå ECP
0778-077F 8 áàéò LPT1 â ðåæèìå ECP
0A20-0A23 4 áàéò Àäàïòåð IBM Token Ring (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
0A24-0A27 4 áàéò Àäàïòåð IBM Token Ring (àëüòåðíàòèâíûé)
0CF8-0CFB 4 áàéò Ðåãèñòðû êîíôèãóðàöèè àäðåñîâ PCI
0CF9 1 áàéò Turbo è ðåãèñòð ñáðîñà óïðàâëåíèÿ (Reset Control Register)
0CFC-0CFF 4 áàéò Ðåãèñòðû äàííûõ êîíôèãóðàöèè PCI
FF00-FF07 8 áàéò Ðåãèñòðû Bus Master IDE
FF80-FF9F 32 áàéò Universal Serial Bus (USB)
FFA0-FFA7 8 áàéò Ðåãèñòðû ïåðâè÷íîãî Bus Master IDE
FFA8-FFAF 8 áàéò Ðåãèñòðû âòîðè÷íîãî Bus Master IDE
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Èñïîëüçîâàíèå ñèñòåìû IML 302
Ðàñïðåäåëåíèå CMOS-ïàìÿòè 302
Ïàðàìåòðû ñèñòåìû, õðàíÿùèåñÿ â ROM BIOS 307
Plug and Play BIOS 328
Ñîîáùåíèÿ îá îøèáêàõ BIOS 339
Îñíîâû BIOS
Ihevah\Zl_eb aZqZklmx g_ \b^yl jZagbpu f_`^m ijh]jZffghc b ZiiZjZlghc qZklyfb dhf
ivxl_jZ Wlh fh`gh h[tykgblv \ukhdhc kl_i_gvx bgl_]jZpbb dhfihg_glh\ kbkl_fu Lhqgh_
ij_^klZ\e_gb_ jZaebqbyf_`^mdhfihg_glZfb dhfivxl_jZ^Z_ldexqdihgbfZgbxjheb%,26
%,26² wlhl_jfbgdhlhjucbkihevam_lkyêyhibkZgby[Zah\hckbkl_fu\\h^Z\u\h^Z
Ihkms_kl\m%,26ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc³ijhf_`mlhqguc kehc´f_`^mijh]jZffghc b ZiiZ
jZlghc qZklyfb kbkl_fu ;hevrbgkl\h ihevah\Zl_e_c ih^ %,26 ih^jZamf_\Zxl ^jZc\_ju
mkljhckl\Djhf_kbkl_fghckms_kl\m_l_s_%,26Z^Zil_jh\dhlhju_aZ]jm`ZxlkyijbaZ
imkd_kbkl_fu
BlZd [Zah\Zy kbkl_fZ \\h^Z\u\h^Z² wlh dhf[bgZpby \k_o lbih\ %,26 Z lZd`_ aZ]jm
`Z_fu_ ^jZc\_ju mkljhckl\ QZklv %,26 kh^_j`ZsZyky \ fbdjhko_f_ gZ kbkl_fghc ieZl_
bebieZlZoZ^Zil_jh\gZau\Z_lkyILUPZDUHbf_gghbaaZgZebqbywlbofbdjhko_fihevah\Z
l_ebqZs_\k_]hhlghkyl%,26dZiiZjZlghcqZklbdhfivxl_jZ
KlZg^ZjlgZy3&kh\f_klbfZykbkl_fZkhklhblbag_kdhevdbokeh_\dhlhju_k\yaZguf_
`^mkh[hcjbk
JbkMkeh\gh_jZa^_e_gb_3&kh\f_klbfhckbkl_fugZg_kdhevdhkeh_\
GZwlhfjbkmgd_ihdZaZgu^\ZjZaebqguodhfivxl_jZ\ dhlhjuo bkihevam_lky mgbdZev

gZy%,26\dZq_kl\_bgl_jn_ckZf_`^mZiiZjZlgufh[_ki_q_gb_f bhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fhc
b __ ijbeh`_gbyfb LZdbf h[jZahf gZ wlbo dhfivxl_jZo fh`_l [ulv mklZgh\e_gh jZagh_
h[hjm^h\Zgb_ ijhp_kkhju `_kldb_ ^bkdb fhgblhju b ^j gZ dhlhjhf fh`gh aZimkdZlv
h^bgZdh\h_ijh]jZffgh_ h[_ki_q_gb_
K\yavf_`^mijbeh`_gbyfb b hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fhc hkms_kl\ey_lky k ihfhsvx khhl
\_lkl\mxs_]h $3,$SSOLFDWLRQ3URJUDPPLQJ,QWHUIDFHWlhlbgl_jn_ckhij_^_ey_lgZijbf_j
dZd\uihegy_lkyaZibkvbkqblu\Zgb_^ZgguogZ^bkdi_qZlvb^jm]b_nmgdpbbIhkdhevdm
ijbeh`_gb_g_aZ\bkblhlmklZgh\e_ggh]h ZiiZjZlgh]h h[_ki_q_gbylh\k__]h\uah\uh[jZ
[Zlu\Z_lhi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZdhlhjZym`_kh^_j`blbgnhjfZpbx h[mklZgh\e_gghf h[h
jm^h\Zgbb
286 Áàçîâàÿ ñèñòåìà ââîäà-âûâîäà

Hi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ\k\hxhq_j_^vq_j_a%,26h[jZsZ_lkyg_ihkj_^kl\_ggh dZiiZ
jZlghfmh[_ki_q_gbx WlZk\yavj_Zebah\ZgZ\\b^_^jZc\_jh\mkljhckl\Ijbq_f\dZ`^hc
hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_f_² '26 :LQGRZV[ :LQGRZV17 :LQGRZV 26 /LQX[ beb
^jm]hc²êyh^gh]hblh]h`_mkljhckl\Zg_h[oh^bfuk\hb^jZc\_ju
DZd \b^gh ba jbk ijbeh`_gby b hi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ b^_glbqgu \ [hevrbgkl\_
dhfivxl_jh\ Z%,26³ih^kljZb\Z_lky íh^hij_^_e_ggh_ ZiiZjZlgh_h[_ki_q_gb_ bg_aZ\b
kbfhhlmklZgh\e_ggh]h h[hjm^h\Zgby h[_ki_qb\Z_l klZg^Zjlgucbgl_jn_ckêyhi_jZpbhg
ghc kbkl_fu < wlhc ]eZ\_ j_qv ihc^_l h[ hibku\Z_fhf ³keh_´² [Zah\hc kbkl_f_ \\h^Z
\u\h^Zbeb%,26
Àïïàðàòíàÿ è ïðîãðàììíàÿ ÷àñòè

BIOS
DZdm`_mihfbgZehkv%,26ij_^klZ\ey_lkh[hcbgl_jn_ckf_`^mZiiZjZlgufh[_ki_q_gb
_f b hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fhc %,26 g_ ihoh`Z gZ klZg^Zjlgh_ ijh]jZffgh_ h[_ki_q_gb_ ih
kdhevdmgZoh^blky\fbdjhko_fZomklZgh\e_gguo gZkbkl_fghcieZl_bebieZlZoZ^Zil_jh\
%,26\3&kh\f_klbfhc kbkl_f_
gZoh^blky\fbdjhko_f_kbkl_fghcieZlu
\fbdjhko_f_ieZlZ^Zil_jh\gZijbf_j\\b^_hZ^Zil_j_
bebaZ]jm`Z_lkyk^bkdZ^jZc\_ju
Kbkl_fgZy%,26kh^_j`bl^jZc\_juhkgh\guodhfihg_glh\ deZ\bZlmju^bkdh\h^Z`_
kldh]h^bkdZihke_^h\Zl_evgh]h biZjZee_evguo ihjlh\bl^g_h[oh^bfu_ êygZqZevgh]h
aZimkdZdhfivxl_jZIhf_j_ihy\e_gbygh\uomkljhckl\\b^_hZ^Zil_jh\ gZdhibl_e_c&'
520`_kldbo^bkdh\kbgl_jn_ckhf 6&6,bl^boijhp_^mjubgbpbZebaZpbb g_^h[Z\ey
ebkv\kbkl_fgmx%,26HkljZyg_h[oh^bfhklv \lZdbomkljhckl\ZoijbaZimkd_dhfivxl_jZ
hlkmlkl\m_lihwlhfmg_h[oh^bfu_ ^jZc\_juaZ]jm`Zxlkyk^bkdZ\h\j_fyaZimkdZhi_jZpb
hgghc kbkl_fu Wlh hlghkblky d a\mdh\uf Z^Zil_jZf kdZg_jZf ijbgl_jZf mkljhckl\Zf
3&&DUG3&0&,$bl^
H^gZdhg_dhlhju_mkljhckl\Zg_h[oh^bfuijbaZimkd_dhfivxl_jZ GZijbf_j êy hlh
[jZ`_gby bgnhjfZpbb gZ wdjZg_ fhgblhjZ g_h[oh^bfZ Zdlb\baZpby \b^_hZ^Zil_jZ gh _]h
ih^^_j`dZg_\kljh_gZ\kbkl_fgmx%,26Djhf_lh]hk_cqZkkms_kl\m_lh]jhfgh_dhebq_
kl\h\b^_hZ^Zil_jh\ b\k_bo^jZc\_jug_\hafh`gh ihf_klblv\ kbkl_fgmx %,26 < lZdbo
kemqZyog_h[oh^bfu_ ^jZc\_juihf_sZxlky\fbdjhko_fm%,26gZieZl_wlh]hmkljhckl\Z
:kbkl_fgZy%,26ijbaZ]jmad_bs_l%,26\b^_hZ^Zil_jZ baZ]jm`Z_l__^haZimkdZhi_jZpb
hgghckbkl_fu
LZdh_jZkiheh`_gb_ %,26ij_^hl\jZsZ_l g_h[oh^bfhklv ihklhygghcfh^_jgbaZpbb kbk
l_fghc%,26ijbihy\e_gbbgh\uofh^_e_cmkljhckl\hkh[_gghbkihevam_fuo ijbgZqZev
ghc aZ]jmad_ dhfivxl_jZ Kh[kl\_ggZy %,26 dZd ijZ\beh mklZgZ\eb\Z_lky gZ ke_^mxsbo
ieZlZo
\b^_hZ^Zil_ju²\k_]^Zbf_xlkh[kl\_ggmx fbdjhko_fm%,26
6&6,Z^Zil_ju² h[jZlbl_ \gbfZgb_ qlh wlZ %,26 g_ ih^^_j`b\Z_l \k_ 6&6,
mkljhckl\Zl_k^bkdZg_h[oh^bfh aZ]jm`Zlv^hihegbl_evgu_ ^jZc\_juêygZdhib
l_e_c&'520kdZg_jh\mkljhckl\=LSbijhqbokbgl_jn_ckhf 6&6,
k_l_\u_ Z^Zil_ju² êy gZqZevghc bgbpbZebaZpbb mkljhckl\Z eb[h ghjfZevgh]h
nmgdpbhgbjh\Zgby \[_a^bkdh\uojZ[hqboklZgpbyobebl_jfbgZeZo
Àïïàðàòíàÿ è ïðîãðàììíàÿ ÷àñòè BIOS 287

ieZlu h[gh\e_gby ,'( beb ^bkdh\h^Z² êy ih^^_j`db nmgdpbb aZ]jmahqgh]h mkl
jhckl\ZijbaZimkd_kbkl_fu
ieZluêyj_r_gbyijh[e_fu<.²\gbokh^_j`blkydhjj_dlgZyijhp_^mjZi_j_oh
^Z\gh\h_lukyq_e_lb_
Ñèñòåìíàÿ BIOS
<h \k_o kbkl_fguo ieZlZo _klv fbdjhko_fZ \ dhlhjhc aZibkZgh ijh]jZffgh_ h[_ki_q_
gb_ gZau\Z_fh_ %,26 beb 520 %,26 WlZ fbdjhko_fZ kh^_j`bl klZjlh\u_ ijh]jZffu b
^jZc\_ju g_h[oh^bfu_ êy aZimkdZ kbkl_fu b nmgdpbhgbjh\Zgby hkgh\gh]h ZiiZjZlgh]h
h[_ki_q_gby < g_c lZd`_ kh^_j`blky ijhp_^mjZ 3267 kZfhl_klbjh\Zgb_ ijb \dexq_gbb
iblZgby b ^Zggu_ kbkl_fghc dhgnb]mjZpbb <k_ wlb iZjZf_lju aZibkZgu \ &026iZfylv
dhlhjZy iblZ_lky hl eblb_\hc [ZlZj_cdb mklZgh\e_gghc gZ kbkl_fghc ieZl_ Wlm &026
iZfylvqZklhgZau\Zxl195$01RQ9RODWLOH5$0
LZdbf h[jZahf %,26 ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc dhfie_dl ijh]jZff ojZgysboky \ h^ghc beb
g_kdhevdbofbdjhko_fZoWlbijh]jZffu\uihegyxlky ijbaZimkd_dhfivxl_jZ^haZ]jmadb
hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu%,26\[hevrbgkl\_ 3&kh\f_klbfuodhfivxl_jZo \uihegy_lq_lu
j_hkgh\gu_nmgdpbb
3267² kZfhl_klbjh\Zgb_ ijb \dexq_gbb iblZgby ijhp_kkhjZ iZfylb gZ[hjZ fbd
jhko_fkbkl_fghceh]bdb\b^_hZ^Zil_jZ dhgljhee_jh\ ^bkdZ^bkdh\h^ZdeZ\bZlmju
b^jm]bo`bag_ggh\Z`guodhfihg_glh\ kbkl_fu
Ijh]jZffZmklZgh\dbiZjZf_ljh\%,266HWXS%,26² dhgnb]mjbjh\Zgb_ iZjZf_l
jh\ kbkl_fu WlZ ijh]jZffZ aZimkdZ_lky ijb gZ`Zlbb hij_^_e_gghc deZ\brb beb
dhf[bgZpbb deZ\br \h \j_fy \uiheg_gby ijhp_^mju 3267 < klZjuo dhfivxl_jZo
gZ[Za_ijhp_kkhjh\ b êy aZimkdZ wlhc ijh]jZffu g_h[oh^bfZ ki_pbZevgZy
^bkd_lZ
GZqZevguc aZ]jmaqbd kbkl_fu² \uiheg_gb_ ihbkdZ ]eZ\gh]h aZ]jmahqgh]h k_dlhjZ
gZ^bkdh\uomkljhckl\Zo?kebihke_^gbo^\Z[ZclZwlh]hk_dlhjZ_]hkb]gZlmjZjZ\
gu$DK^Zggucdh^\uihegy_lky
%,26² gZ[hj^jZc\_jh\ij_^gZagZq_gguo êy\aZbfh^_ckl\by hi_jZpbhggh ckbkl_
fubZiiZjZlgh]h h[_ki_q_gbyijbaZ]jmad_kbkl_fuIjbaZimkd_'26beb:LQGRZV\
j_`bf_aZsbluhlk[h_\bkihevamxlky ^jZc\_jumkljhckl\lhevdhba%,26
Ìèêðîñõåìû ROM
5205HDG2QO\0HPRU\²lbiiZfylbdhlhjZyfh`_lihklhygghbebijZdlbq_kdbih
klhyggh ojZgblv ^Zggu_ Wlb aZibkZggu_ ^Zggu_ ojZgylky \ iZfylb ^Z`_ ijb hldexq_gbb
iblZgbyLZdbfh[jZahfêyojZg_gbyklZjlh\uoijhp_^mjb%,26gZb[he__ihôh^bliZ
fylv 520 :gZeh]bqgZy iZfylv bkihevam_lky b \ ^jm]bo mkljhckl\Zo k kh[kl\_gghc %,26
gZijbf_j\\b^_hZ^Zil_jZo
Ihegh_ hibkZgb_ ijhp_kkZ aZ]jmadb dhfivxl_jZ ijb\_^_gh \ ]eZ\_ ³Ijh]jZffgh_
h[_ki_q_gb_ hi_jZpbhgguo kbkl_fbihbkdg_bkijZ\ghkl_c ÁgZy\_kvijhp_kkaZ]jmadb\u
[m^_l ij_^klZ\eylv ihke_^h\Zl_evghklv \uiheg_gby ijhp_^mj %,26 ihwlhfm h[yaZl_evgh
ijhqblZcl_wlm]eZ\m>hihegbl_evgu_ k\_^_gbyh[wlhflbi_iZfylbfh`ghgZclb\]eZ\_
³Hi_jZlb\gZy iZfylv´
H[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_ qlh 520 y\ey_lky qZklvx kbkl_fghc iZfylb 5$0 >jm]bfb keh\Z
fbqZklvkbkl_fghciZfylb\u^_ey_lkyêyojZg_gby^ZgguobaiZfylb520;he__ih^jh[
ghwlhlijhp_kkhibkZg\ke_^mxs_fjZa^_e_

Çàòåíåíèå ROM
Fbdjhko_fu 520hq_gv³f_ê_ggu´²\j_fy^hklmiZjZ\ghgkijb\j_f_gb^hklmiZ
aZihfbgZxs_]h mkljhckl\Z'5$0gkbebf_gvr_Ihwlhfm\hfgh]bokbkl_fZo520aZ
l_gy_lky l_ __ kh^_j`bfh_ dhibjm_lky \ fbdjhko_fu ^bgZfbq_kdhc hi_jZlb\ghc iZfylb
ijbaZimkd_qlh[ukhdjZlblv\j_fy^hklmiZ\ijhp_kk_nmgdpbhgbjh\Zgby Ijhp_^mjZaZl_
g_gby dhibjm_l kh^_j`bfh_ 520 \ hi_jZlb\gmx iZfylv ijbk\Zb\Zy _c Z^j_kZ i_j\hgZ
qZevgh bkihevah\Z\rb_ky êy 520 dhlhjZy aZl_f nZdlbq_kdb hldexqZ_lky Wlh ih\urZ_l
[ukljh^_ckl\b_ kbkl_fuiZfylb<ijhq_f\[hevrbgkl\_ kemqZ_\^hklZlhqghaZl_gblvlhev
dh[Zah\mxkbkl_fm\\h^Z\u\h^ZgZkbkl_fghcieZl_b\hafh`ghgZ\b^_hieZl_
AZl_g_gb_ ihe_agh ]eZ\guf h[jZahf \ jZajy^guo hi_jZpbhgguo kbkl_fZo lbiZ '26
beb :LQGRZV[ ?keb dhfivxl_j jZ[hlZ_l ih^ mijZ\e_gb_f jZajy^ghc hi_jZpbhgghc
kbkl_fulbiZ:LQGRZVobeb:LQGRZV17 lhaZl_g_gb_nZdlbq_kdb[_kihe_aghihlh
fm qlh wlb hi_jZpbhggu_ kbkl_fu g_ bkihevamxl jZajy^guc dh^ ba 520 <f_klh g_]h
hgbaZ]jm`ZxljZajy^gu_^jZc\_ju\hi_jZlb\gmx iZfylvaZf_gyybfbjZajy^gucdh^
[Zah\hc kbkl_fu \\h^Z\u\h^Z dhlhjuc lZdbf h[jZahf bkihevam_lky lhevdh \ l_q_gb_ aZ
imkdZkbkl_fuKj_^kl\hmijZ\e_gbyaZl_g_gb_fgZoh^blky\ijh]jZff_6HWXS%,26
Kms_kl\m_lq_luj_jZaebqguolbiZfbdjhko_fiZfylb520
5205HDG2QO\0HPRU\
35203URJUDPPDEOH520Ijh]jZffbjm_fZy 520
(3520(UDVDEOH3520KlbjZ_fZyijh]jZffbjm_fZy 520
((3520 (OHFWULFDOO\ (UDVDEOH 3520 We_dljhggh klbjZ_fZy ijh]jZffbjm_fZy
520lZd`_gZau\Z_fZy)ODVK520
G_aZ\bkbfh hl lbiZ 520 ^Zggu_ \ g_c khojZgyxlky ^h l_o ihj ihdZ g_ [m^ml kl_jlu
ij_^gZf_j_ggh
<lZ[eijb\_^_gub^_glbnbdZpbhggu_ ghf_jZh[uqghbkihevam_fu_ êyfZjdbjh\
dbfbdjhko_fiZfylb520dZ`^h]hlbiZ
Òàáëèöà 5.1. Èäåíòèôèêàöèîííûå íîìåðà ìèêðîñõåì ïàìÿòè ROM
Òèï Èäåíòèôèêàöèîííûé íîìåð Äðóãèå ïðèçíàêè
ROM Áîëüøå íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ

PROM 27nnnn
EPROM 27nnnn Êâàðöåâîå îêîøêî
EEPROM 28xxxx èëè 29xxxx
Ïðîæèãàåìàÿ ïðè èçãîòîâëåíèè ïàìÿòü ROM

I_j\hgZqZevgh \[hevrbgkl\_ fbdjhko_f520m`_gZwlZi_ba]hlh\e_gby [uebijh``_
gu³´b³´l_lZdmxiZfylv520fh`ghij_^klZ\blv\\b^_fZljbpu\dhlhjhcm`_ijb
ba]hlh\e_gbb \gm`guof_klZoaZibku\Zxlky gmebb_^bgbpuFZljbpZij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc
dj_fgb_\uc djbklZee fbdjhko_fm LZdb_ fbdjhko_fu gZau\Zxlky ijh`b]Z_fufb ijb ba
]hlh\e_gbbihlhfmqlh^Zggu_aZibku\Zxlky \fZkdmkdhlhjhcnhlheblh]jZnbq_kdbf kih
kh[hfba]hlh\ey_lky fZljbpZIh^h[gucijhba\h^kl\_gguc ijhp_kkwdhghfbq_kdb hijZ\û
\Z_lk_[y ijb ba]hlh\e_gbb khl_g lukyq fbdjhko_f k h^bgZdh\hc bgnhjfZpb_c ?keb g_h[
oh^bfh baf_gblv ohly [u h^bg_^bgkl\_gguc [bl ijb^_lky i_j_^_eZlv fZkdm Z wlh
h[hc^_lkyg_^_r_\hIhwlhfmlZdhclbiiZfylb520g_bkihevam_lky

Ïàìÿòü PROM
<iZfylv3520ihke_ba]hlh\e_gby fh`ghaZibkZlvex[u_^Zggu_HgZ[ueZbah[j_l_gZ
\dhgp_o]h^h\nbjfhc7H[DV,QVWUXPHQWVbbf_eZ_fdhklvhlD[ZclD[bl^hF[Zcl
0[bl beb [hevr_ Wlb fbdjhko_fu fh]ml [ulv b^_glbnbpbjh\Zgu ih ghf_jZf \b^Z
QQQQ \ fZjdbjh\d_ ]^_ mdZau\Z_l 3520 lbiZ 7, Z QQQQ² _fdhklv djbklZeeZ
fbdjhko_fu \ D[bl GZijbf_j \ [hevrbgkl\_ i_jkhgZevguo dhfivxl_jh\ k 3520 bk
ihevah\Zebkv fbdjhko_fu beb dhlhju_ bf_eb _fdhklv D[bl D[Zcl
beb0[blD[Zcl
Ih^jZamf_\Z_lky qlh wlb fbdjhko_fu ihke_ ba]hlh\e_gby g_ kh^_j`Zl gbdZdhc bgnhjfZ
pbbgZkZfhf^_e_ijbba]hlh\e_gbbhgbijhibku\Zxlky ^\hbqgufb_^bgbpZfb>jm]bfbkeh
\Zfbfbdjhko_fZ3520_fdhklvxF[blkh^_j`blfeg_^bgbpnZdlbq_kdbIjb
ijh]jZffbjh\Zgbb lZdhc³imklhc´3520\g__aZibku\ZxlkygmebWlhlijhp_kkh[uqgh\u
ihegy_lkykihfhsvxki_pbZevgh]h ijh]jZffbjmxs_]h mkljhckl\Zjbk
Jbk Lbibqgh_ ijh]jZffbjmxs__ mkljhckl\h

fgh]hjZat_fgh_êyijh`b]ZiZfylb3520
Ijhp_kkijh]jZffbjh\Zgby qZklhgZau\Z_lkyijh`b]hfDZ`^mx³´fh`ghij_^klZ\blv
dZd g_ih\j_`^_gguc ieZ\dbc ij_^hojZgbl_ev ;hevrbgkl\h lZdbo fbdjhko_f jZ[hlZ_l ijb
gZijy`_gbb < gh ijb ijh]jZffbjh\Zgbb 3520 ih^Z_lky [he__ \ukhdh_ gZijy`_gb_
h[uqgh < ih jZaebqguf Z^j_kZf \ ij_^_eZo Z^j_kgh]h ijhkljZgkl\Z hl\_^_ggh]h êy
fbdjhko_fu Wlh [he__ \ukhdh_ gZijy`_gb_ nZdlbq_kdb aZibku\Z_l ³´ k`b]Zy ieZ\db_
ij_^hojZgbl_eb \l_of_klZo]^_g_h[oh^bfh ij_h[jZah\Zlv \Ohlyfh`ghij_\jZlblv
\ wlhlijhp_kkg_h[jZlbfl_g_evayij_h[jZah\Zlv \ Ijh]jZffbjmxs__ mkljhckl\h
bkke_^m_lijh]jZffmdhlhjmxg_h[oh^bfh aZibkZlv\fbdjhko_fmbaZl_f\u[hjhqghbaf_
gy_l\fbdjhko_f_gZlhevdhlZf]^_wlhg_h[oh^bfh Ihwlhfmfbdjhko_fu3520qZklh
gZau\Zxlkyfbdjhko_fZfb 2732QH7LPH3URJUDPPDEOH²ijh]jZffbjm_fu_ h^bgjZaHgb
fh]ml [ulv aZijh]jZffbjh\Zgu lhevdh h^gZ`û ;hevrbgkl\h fbdjhko_f 3520 klhyl
hq_gvg_^hjh]hijbf_jgh^heeZjZIhwlhfmijbaZf_g_ijh]jZffu\3520klZjZyfbdjh
ko_fZ\u[jZku\Z_lky Zgh\Zyijh`b]Z_lky \khhl\_lkl\bbkgh\ufb^Zggufb
Ijhp_kkijh]jZffbjh\Zgby 3520aZgbfZ_lhlg_kdhevdbo k_dmg^ ^h g_kdhevdbo fbgml \
aZ\bkbfhklbhl_fdhklbfbdjhko_fubijbf_gy_fh]h Ze]hjblfZGZjbkihdZaZghlbibqgh_
ijh]jZffbjmxs__ mkljhckl\hdhlhjh_bf__lg_kdhevdhjZat_fh\Wlhmkljhckl\hfh`_lijh
]jZffbjh\Zlvg_kdhevdhfbdjhko_fkjZamkhojZgyy\j_fyijbaZibkbl_o`_^Zgguo\g_kdhev
dbofbdjhko_fZoF_g__^hjh]b_ijh]jZffbjmxsb_ mkljhckl\Zbf_xllhevdhh^bgjZat_f
Y j_dhf_g^mx bkihevah\Zlv g_^hjh]h_ ijh]jZffbjmxs__ mkljhckl\h dhfiZgbb $Q
GURPHGD 5HVHDUFK G_kfhljy gZ k\hx g_\ukhdmx p_gm mkljhckl\h wlhc nbjfu fh`_l [ulv
ih^kh_^bg_gh diZjZee_evghfmihjlmi_jkhgZevgh]h dhfivxl_jZihke_ih^kh_^bg_gby ^Zg

gu_êyijh]jZffbjh\Zgby banZceZi_j_^Zxlky\ijh]jZffbjmxs__ mkljhckl\hDjhf_lh
]hwlhmkljhckl\hi_j_ghkgh_MijZ\e_gb_bfhkms_kl\ey_lky kihfhsvxf_gx\u\h^bfh]h
ijbeZ]Z_fhc dg_fm ijh]jZffhc Ijh]jZffZ kh^_j`bl g_kdhevdh nmgdpbc h^gZ ba gbo ih
a\hey_lkqblu\Zlv^Zggu_kfbdjhko_fubkhojZgylvbo\nZce_fh`ghlZd`_aZibkZlv^Zg
gu_ \ fbdjhko_fm ba nZceZ b ijh\_jblv qlh fbdjhko_fZ aZibkZgZ ijZ\bevgh beb qlh hgZ
³imklZí_j_^gZqZehfijh]jZffbjh\Zgby
G_h[oh^bfh hlf_lblv qlh êy baf_g_gby %,26 \ kh\j_f_gguo dhfivxl_jZo ih^h[gu_
mkljhckl\Zg_ijbf_gyxlky <gbobkihevamxlky fbdjhko_fu)ODVK520
Ïàìÿòü EPROM
WlhjZagh\b^ghklviZfylb3520dhlhjZyh^gh\j_fy[ueZhq_gvihim
eyjghc>Zggu_\iZfylb(3520fh`ghklbjZlvFbdjhko_fZ(3520q_ldh
\b^gZ q_j_a d\Zjp_\h_ hdhrdh jZkiheh`_ggh_ ijyfh gZ^ djbklZeehf
jbkNZdlbq_kdbkd\havhdgh\ufh`_l_\b^_lvdjbklZeeFbdjhko_fu
(3520bf_xllhl`_ghf_j[[[[ qlhbklZg^Zjlgu_3520ijbq_fhgb
nmgdpbhgZevgh b nbabq_kdb b^_glbqgu _keb [u g_ ijhajZqgh_ d\Zjp_\h_
hdghgZ^fZljbp_c Jbk <g_rgbc \b^
HdghijhimkdZ_lmevljZnbhe_lh\u_ emqbBgl_gkb\gh_mevljZnbhe_lh\h_ fbdjhko_fu(3520
h[emq_gb_klbjZ_lbgnhjfZpbxgZfZljbp_fbdjhko_f_(3520Hdghk^_
eZgh ba djbklZeeZ d\ZjpZ ihlhfm qlh h[uqgh_ kl_deh g_ ijhimkdZ_l mevljZnbhe_lh\uo emq_c
<_^v\ug_fh`_l_aZ]hjZlvijbaZdjuluohdgZoD\Zjp_\h_hdghih\urZ_lklhbfhklvfbdjh
ko_fu(3520LZdh_ih\ur_gb_[m^_lg_hijZ\^Zgguf _kebbgnhjfZpbxg_gm`ghklbjZlv
MevljZnbhe_lh\u_ emqb klbjZxl bgnhjfZpbx gZ fbdjhko_f_ \uau\Zy obfbq_kdmx j_
ZdpbxdhlhjZydZd[u\hkklZgZ\eb\Z_l kiZb\Z_lieZ\db_ij_^hojZgbl_eb LZdex[hc^\h
bqguc\fbdjhko_f_klZgh\blky^\hbqghc>eywlh]hlj_[m_lkyqlh[uêbgZ\hegumevl
jZnbhe_lh\uo emq_c[ueZjZ\gZijbf_jghZg]klj_fZZbobgl_gkb\ghklv ² ^h\hevgh
\ukhdhc f<lkf Bklhqgbd ^he`_g jZkiheZ]Zlvky \ g_ihkj_^kl\_gghc [ebahklb²
g_ ^Zevr_ ±kf ijb[ebabl_evgh ^xcf Z \j_fy wdkihabpbb khklZ\eylv hl ^h fbg
Mkljhckl\hklbjZgby(3520jbkkh^_j`blbklhqgbdmevljZnbhe_lh\uo emq_ch[uqgh
mevljZnbhe_lh\Zy eZfiZgZdZeb\ZgbyjZkiheh`_gguc gZ^\u^\b`gufysbqdhf\dhlhjhf
jZaf_sZxlky klbjZ_fu_fbdjhko_fu
Jbk Ijhn_kkbhgZevgh_ mkljhckl\h klbjZgby

iZfylb(3520

GZjbkihdZaZghmkljhckl\hdhlhjh_fh`_lh[jZ[Zlu\Zlv ^hfbdjhko_fh^gh\j_
f_ggh Y bkihevamx [he__ ^_r_\h_ i_j_ghkgh_ mkljhckl\h nbjfu :DOOLQJ &R gZau\Z_fh_
'DWD5DVHdhlhjh_klbjZ_l^hq_luj_ofbdjhko_fh^gh\j_f_ggh
D\Zjp_\h_hdghgZfbdjhko_f_(3520h[uqghaZde_b\Z_lkyebidhce_glhcqlh[uij_
^mij_^blv kemqZcgh_ ijhgbdgh\_gb_ mevljZnbhe_lh\uo emq_c Hgb \oh^yl \ khklZ\ kheg_q
gh]h k\_lZ b dhg_qgh ijbkmlkl\mxl ^Z`_ \ h[uqghf dhfgZlghf hk\_s_gbb lZd qlh q_j_a
dZdh_lh\j_fy\fbdjhko_f_ih^\_j]Zxs_cky wdkihabpbbfh`_lijhbahclbihl_jy^Zgguo
Ihwlhfm ihke_ ijh]jZffbjh\Zgby fbdjhko_fu __ hdgh aZde_b\Z_lky qlh[u ij_^hl\jZlblv
ihl_jx^Zgguo
Ïàìÿòü EEPROM èëè Flash ROM

Wlh [he__ gh\uc lbi iZfylb 520² we_dljhgghklbjZ_fZy ijh]jZffbjm_fZy ihklhyggZy
iZfylv>Zggu_fbdjhko_fulZd`_gZau\Zxlky)ODVK520bbofh`ghi_j_ijh]jZffbjh\Zlv
g_ kgbfZy k ieZlu gZ dhlhjmx hgb mklZgh\e_gu [_a ki_pbZevgh]h h[hjm^h\Zgby Bkihevamy
)ODVK520fh`ghklbjZlvbi_j_ijh]jZffbjh\Zlv 520g_ihkj_^kl\_ggh gZkbkl_fghcieZl_
g_m^Zeyyfbdjhko_fmbakbkl_fub^Z`_g_hldju\Zykbkl_fgh]h[ehdZ>eyi_j_ijh]jZffbj h
\Zgby g_ lj_[m_lky mkljhckl\h klbjZgby mevljZnbhe_lh\uf h[emq_gb_f beb dZdh_eb[h bgh_
ijh]jZffbjmxs__ mkljhckl\h
)ODVK520fh`ghmagZlvihghf_jm[[[[beb[[[[ bhlkmlkl\bxhdgZ\fbdjhko_f_Ijb
gZebqbb)ODVK520gZkbkl_fghcieZl_fh`ghe_]dhfh^_jgbabjh\Zlv 520g_f_gyyfbdjhko_
fu < [hevrbgkl\_ kemqZ_\ ^hklZlhqgh aZ]jmablv fh^bnbpbjh\Zggmx ijh]jZffm ihemq_ggmx k
:HEk_j\_jZba]hlh\bl_eykbkl_fghcieZluZaZl_faZimklblvijh]jZffmfh^bnbdZpbb
J_dhf_g^m_lky i_jbh^bq_kdb ihk_sZlv:HEk_j\_jba]hlh\bl_eykbkl_fghcieZluqlh[u
ke_^blvaZfh^bnbdZpbyfb [Zah\hckbkl_fu\\h^Z\u\h^Zêy\Zr_]hdhfivxl_jZFh^bnb
pbjh\ZggZy [Zah\Zy kbkl_fZ \\h^Z\u\h^Z fh`_l kh^_j`Zlv hrb[db beb h[_ki_qb\Zlv ih^
^_j`dmgh\uomkljhckl\dhlhjuoi_j\hgZqZevgh g_[ueh\\Zr_ckbkl_f_GZijbf_jbgh
]^Zg_h[oh^bfh fh^bnbpbjh\Zlv [Zah\mxkbkl_fm\\h^Z\u\h^Zqlh[uih^^_j`ZlvaZ]jmadm
k^bkdh\h^Z/6^bkd_lZ_fdhklvxF[Zcl
K_]h^gyfgh]b_h[t_dlumijZ\ey_fu_kihfhsvxdhfivxl_jh\bf_xlkh[kl\_ggu_fbd
jhko_fu)ODVK520KdhjhgZ\_jgh_bfb[m^mlhkgZsZlvky^Z`_lhkl_juGZijbf_jyfh^b
nbpbjh\Zeijh]jZffu\fbdjhko_fZo)ODVK520fh^_fZ,6'1nbjfu0RWRURODb\pbnjh\hc
dZf_j_nbjfu.RGDNH[Zwlbba^_ebybf_ebg_agZqbl_evgu_ batygudhlhju_[uebmkljZg_gu
iml_ffh^bnbdZpbbkh^_j`bfh]hbo\gmlj_gg_c520>eywlh]hdZdm`_hlf_qZehkvg_h[oh
^bfhijhklhaZ]jmablvkhhl\_lkl\mxsb_ nZceuk:HEk_j\_jZbaZimklblvijh]jZffmfh^bnb
dZpbbKihfhsvx)ODVK520fh`gh^h[Z\blvgh\u_\hafh`ghklbd\g_rgbfmkljhckl\Zfbeb
`_ijb\_klbfh^_fu\khhl\_lkl\b_kZfufihke_^gbfklZg^ZjlZfY
Ïðîèçâîäèòåëè ROM BIOS

IjZdlbq_kdb \k_ kh\j_f_ggu_ ijhba\h^bl_eb %,26 ij_^hklZ\eyxl __ dh^ ijhba\h^bl_
eyf kbkl_fguo ieZl b ]hlh\uo dhfivxl_jh\ < wlhf jZa^_e_ j_qv ihc^_l h kms_kl\mxsbo
\_jkbyo%,26
GZjZajZ[hld_3&kh\f_klbfuoijh]jZff520%,26ki_pbZebabjmxlky lZdb_dhfiZgbb
dZd $PHULFDQ 0HJDWUHQGV ,QF $0, $ZDUG 6RIWZDUH b 3KRHQL[ 6RIWZDUH Ba]hlh\bl_eb kbk
l_fguoieZlihemqZxlhlgboebp_gabbgZmklZgh\dm520%,26ihke_q_]hfh]mljZ[hlZlv
gZ^ ZiiZjZlghc qZklvx g_ aZgbfZykv ijh]jZffguf h[_ki_q_gb_f >ey lh]h qlh[u mklZgh
\blvgZieZlmfbdjhko_fmiZfylb520kaZibkZgghcijh]jZffhc%,26jZajZ[hlqbdmijboh
^blkyj_rZlvfgh`_kl\haZ^Zqk\yaZgguokmkljhckl\hfdhfivxl_jZ>h[blvkykh\f_klbfh
klb 520 %,26 b kbkl_fghc ieZlu² aZ^ZqZ g_ijhklZy Mgb\_jkZevguo fbdjhko_f 520

%,26g_kms_kl\m_l$0,$ZDUG0LFURLG5HVHDUFKb3KRHQL[ihklZ\eyxljZaebqgufba]hlh
\bl_eyf\ZjbZglu%,26\uiheg_ggu_ êydhgdj_lguodhfivxl_jh\
Kh\k_fg_^Z\ghijhbahreb[hevrb_baf_g_gby\dhfiZgbyojZajZ[Zlu\Zxsbo [Zah\u_
kbkl_fu \\h^Z\u\h^Z LZd 3KRHQL[ ihîbkZeZ dhgljZdl k ,QWHO b l_i_jv h[_ki_qb\Z_l \k_
kbkl_fgu_ieZlu,QWHO[Zah\ufbkbkl_fZfb\\h^Z\u\h^ZjZg__lZdhcdhgljZdl[ueihîb
kZgk$0,Wlhohjhr__baf_g_gb_êy3KRHQL[²dZdba\_klgh,QWHOijh^Z_lijb[ebabl_ev
ghbeb[hevr_\k_okbkl_fguoieZlIhwlhfm%,26[hevrbgkl\Z ijbh[j_lZ_fuo k_
]h^gydhfivxl_jh\ jZajZ[hlZgZnbjfhc3KRHQL[
< k_j_^bg_ ]h^Z 3KRHQL[ i_j_dmibeZ dhfiZgbx $ZDUG b l_i_jv jZajZ[hlZggu_ _x
gh\u_ijh]jZffu[m^mlijh^Z\Zlvkyih^w]b^hc3KRHQL[LZdbfh[jZahfhklZehkv^\_kZfu_
djmigu_ dhfiZgbb² 3KRHQL[ b $0, ;hevrbgkl\h g_Zf_jbdZgkdbo ba]hlh\bl_e_c kbkl_f
guoieZl\k__s_bkihevamxl [Zah\mxkbkl_fm\\h^Z\u\h^Z$0,h^gZdh\_^ms_cdhfiZgb
_c\h[eZklbjZajZ[hldb%,26y\ey_lky3KRHQL[?xg_lhevdhjZajZ[Zlu\Zxlky gh\u_[Zah
\u_ kbkl_fu \\h^Z\u\h^Z êy dhfivxl_jh\ ihke_^gbo ihdhe_gbc gh b \g_^jyxlky gh\u_
klZg^Zjlu
BIOS OEM-ïðîèçâîäèòåëåé
Fgh]b_ 2(0ijhba\h^bl_eb 2ULJLQDO (TXLSPHQW 0DQXIDFWXUHUV kha^Zxl kh[kl\_ggu_
fbdjhko_fuiZfylb520GZijbf_j&RPSDTb$7 7jZajZ[hlZebk\hb\ZjbZglu%,26kh
\f_klbfu_k%,26dhfiZgbc$0,3KRHQL[b$ZDUGbi_jbh^bq_kdb \uimkdZxlfh^_jgbab
jh\Zggu_ \_jkbb %,26 \ dhlhjuo mkljZg_gu g_^hklZldb ij_û^msbo \_jkbc b ^h[Z\e_gu
gh\u_ \hafh`ghklb Ij_`^_ q_f mklZgh\blv gZ dhfivxl_j_ g_klZg^Zjlgmx fbdjhko_fm
520 %,26 m[_^bl_kv qlh hgZ ba]hlh\e_gZ kheb^ghc nbjfhc dhlhjZy aZgbfZ_lky mkh\_j
r_gkl\h\Zgb_f \_jkbck\hboijh]jZff\Z`gZg_kZfZfbdjhko_fZZlhqlh\g_caZibkZgh
G_dhlhju_2(0ijhba\h^bl_eb g_aZgbfZxlkyjZajZ[hldhc%,26Z aZdZau\Zxl __ \ g_aZ
\bkbfuo dhfiZgbyo GZijbf_j êy dhfivxl_jh\ +HZOHWW 3DFNDUG g_h[oh^bfZ ki_pbZevgZy
mgbdZevgZy [Zah\Zy kbkl_fZ \\h^Z\u\h^Z Gh +HZOHWW 3DFNDUG g_ aZgbfZ_lky jZajZ[hldhc ih
^h[gh]hjh^Zkbkl_fhgZaZdexqbeZdhgljZdlk3KRHQL[² ba\_klgufjZajZ[hlqbdhf [Zah\uo
kbkl_f \\h^Z\u\h^Z LZdbf h[jZahf \ dhfivxl_j_ 9HFWUD 3& dhfiZgbb +HZOHWW 3DFNDUG bk
ihevam_lky%,26nbjfu3KRHQL[H[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_g_kfhljygZlhqlh[Zah\mxkbkl_fm\\h
^Z\u\h^ZjZajZ[hlZeZ3KRHQL[ex[u___h[gh\e_gbyfh`ghihemqblvlhevdhm+HZOHWW3DFNDUG
BIOS ôèðìû AMI

G_kfhljygZlhqlh$0,Z^Zilbjm_lijh]jZffu%,26êydhgdj_lguodhfivxl_jh\hgZg_
ijh^Z_l nbjfZfba]hlh\bl_eyf bkoh^guc dh^ %,26 ba]hlh\bl_ev fh`_l aZdZaZlv gh\mx \_j
kbxijb__\uimkd_Ihkdhevdmfgh]b_nbjfug_fh]mlbebg_ohlylaZdZau\ZlvdZ`ûcba
f_g_gguc\ZjbZglhgbijhimkdZxlg_kdhevdh\_jkbcij_`^_q_faZdmiblvgh\mxGh\_crb_
\_jkbb$0,%,26gZau\Zxlky+L)OH[+LJK)OH[LELOLW\$0,+L)OH[%,26bkihevam_lky\kbk
l_fguo ieZlZo fgh]bo ba]hlh\bl_e_c $0,² _^bgkl\_gguc ijhba\h^bl_ev %,26 \uimk
dZxsbclZd`_k\hxkbkl_fgmxieZlm
Ex[Zy\_jkby$0,%,26ihke_\dexq_gbydhfivxl_jZ\h\j_fykZfhl_klbjh\Zgby \u\h
^bl i_j\mx b^_glbnbdZpbhggmx kljhdm khh[s_gbc \ gb`g_f e_\hf m]em wdjZgZ kjZam ih^
bgnhjfZpb_c h[Z\lhjkdboijZ\Zo
Ñîâåò
yØÔÉà âØÈ ×ØÖÔ²È ÓÌ Ï×ÜÌÎÑÈ ÒÔÍÓÔ ÕÌÖÌË Ê²ÑãÜÌÓÏÌÒ ÕÏØÈÓÏÇ ÔØ²ÑãÜÏØá ²ÑÈÊÏÈØ¿Ö¿ ÏÑÏ
ÊÔÊÖÌÒÇÊ²ÑãÜÌÓÏÇÕÏØÈÓÏÇ¿ËÌÖÍÏÊÈØá²È²¿ãåÓÏÉ¿Ëá²ÑÈÊÏÝ¿ÓÈÍÈØÔÐØÔÉ¿ËÌØÊÔ×ÕÖÏÓÇå
ØÔ²È²ÔÝÏÉ²È²ÑÈÊÏÈØ¿ÖàÏ×ØÖÔ²ÈÔ×ØÈÓÌØ×ÇÓÈâ²ÖÈÓÌ

?keb \h \j_fy \uiheg_gby ijhp_^mju 3267 gZ`Zlv deZ\brm ,QVHUW! lh gh\u_ \_jkbb
$0,+L)OH[%,26\u\_^ml^\_^hihegbl_evgu_ b^_glbnbdZpbhggu_ kljhdbkbgnhjfZpb_c h
iZjZf_ljZomklZgh\e_gguo \%,26
KljhdZklZjuo\_jkbc$0,%,26bf__lnhjfZlhibkZgguc\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 5.2. ABBB-NNNN-mmddyy-KK
Ïîçèöèÿ Îïèñàíèå
A Ïàðàìåòðû BIOS:
D âñòðîåííàÿ äèàãíîñòèêà;
S âñòðîåííàÿ íàñòðîéêà;
E ðàñøèðåííàÿ âñòðîåííàÿ íàñòðîéêà
BBB Ôèðìà èçãîòîâèòåëü ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû èëè íàáîðà ìèêðîñõåì:
C&T íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì Chips & Technologies;
NET íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì NEAT 286 ôèðìû C&T;
286 ñòàíäàðòíàÿ ñèñòåìíàÿ ïëàòà 286;
SUN íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì Suntac;
PAQ ñèñòåìíàÿ ïëàòà Compaq;
INT ñèñòåìíàÿ ïëàòà Intel;
AMI ñèñòåìíàÿ ïëàòà AMI;
G23 ñèñòåìíàÿ ïëàòà 386 ñ íàáîðîì ìèêðîñõåì G2
NNNN Íîìåð ëèöåíçèè ôèðìû-èçãîòîâèòåëÿ
mmddyy Äàòà âûïóñêà BIOS: ìåñÿö/÷èñëî/ãîä
KK Âåðñèÿ BIOS êëàâèàòóðû AMI
I_j\ZykljhdZgh\uo\_jkbc$0,+L)OH[%,26bf__lnhjfZlhibkZgguc\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 5.3. AB-CCcc-DDDDDD-EFGHIJKL-mmddyy-MMMMMMMM-N
A Òèï ïðîöåññîðà:
0 8086 èëè 8088;
2 286;
3 386;
4 486;
5 Pentium;
6 Pentium Pro/II
B Îáúåì BIOS:
0 64 Êáàéò;
1 128 Êáàéò
CCcc Îñíîâíîé è äîïîëíèòåëüíûé íîìåðà âåðñèè BIOS
DDDDDD Íîìåð ëèöåíçèè ôèðìû-èçãîòîâèòåëÿ:
0036xx ñèñòåìíàÿ ïëàòà AMI 386;
0046xx ñèñòåìíàÿ ïëàòà AMI 486;
0056xx ñèñòåìíàÿ ïëàòà AMI Pentium;
0066xx ñèñòåìíàÿ ïëàòà AMI Pentium Pro
(xx ïîðÿäêîâûé íîìåð)

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
E 1 ïðåêðàùàòü ðàáîòó ïðè îøèáêå âûïîëíåíèÿ òåñòà POST

F 1 îáíîâëÿòü CMOS-ïàìÿòü ïðè êàæäîé çàãðóçêå
G 1 áëîêèðîâàòü êîíòàêòû 22 è 23 êîíòðîëëåðà êëàâèàòóðû
H 1 ïîääåðæèâàòü ìûøü â BIOS-êîíòðîëëåðå êëàâèàòóðû
I 1 îæèäàòü íàæàòèÿ êëàâèøè <F1> ïðè îøèáêå âûïîëíåíèÿ òåñòà POST
J 1 âûâîäèòü ñîîáùåíèå î íåèñïðàâíîñòè äèñêîâîäà âî âðåìÿ âûïîëíåíèÿ òåñòà
POST
K 1 âûâîäèòü ñîîáùåíèå î íåèñïðàâíîñòè âèäåîàäàïòåðà âî âðåìÿ âûïîëíåíèÿ
òåñòà POST
L 1 âûâîäèòü ñîîáùåíèå î íåèñïðàâíîñòè êëàâèàòóðû âî âðåìÿ âûïîëíåíèÿ òåñòà
POST
mmddyy Äàòà âûïóñêà BIOS: ìåñÿö/÷èñëî/ãîä
MMMMMMM Ôèðìà èçãîòîâèòåëü ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû èëè íàáîðà ìèêðîñõåì
M
N Òèï êîíòðîëëåðà êëàâèàòóðû
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Òàáëèöà 5.4. AAB-C-DDDD-EE-FF-GGGG-HH-II-JJJ

AA Íîìåð âûâîäà êîíòðîëëåðà êëàâèàòóðû, èñïîëüçóåìîãî äëÿ ïåðåêëþ÷åíèÿ ñèíõðîíèçàöèè

B Ðåæèì óïðàâëåíèÿ âûâîäîì ïåðåêëþ÷åíèÿ ñèíõðîíèçàöèè:
H âûñîêèì óðîâíåì óñòàíàâëèâàåòñÿ âûñîêàÿ ÷àñòîòà ñèíõðîíèçàöèè;
L âûñîêèì óðîâíåì óñòàíàâëèâàåòñÿ íèçêàÿ ÷àñòîòà ñèíõðîíèçàöèè
C Ïåðåêëþ÷åíèå ñèíõðîíèçàöèè ñ ïîìîùüþ ðåãèñòðîâ ìèêðîñõåì:
0 çàïðåùåíî;
1 ðàçðåøåíî
DDDD Àäðåñ ïîðòà äëÿ âêëþ÷åíèÿ âûñîêîé ÷àñòîòû
EE Çíà÷åíèå äàííûõ äëÿ âêëþ÷åíèÿ âûñîêîé ÷àñòîòû
FF Çíà÷åíèå ìàñêè äëÿ âêëþ÷åíèÿ âûñîêîé ÷àñòîòû
GGGG Àäðåñ ïîðòà äëÿ âêëþ÷åíèÿ íèçêîé ÷àñòîòû
HH Çíà÷åíèå äàííûõ äëÿ âêëþ÷åíèÿ íèçêîé ÷àñòîòû
II Çíà÷åíèå ìàñêè äëÿ âêëþ÷åíèÿ íèçêîé ÷àñòîòû
JJJ Íîìåð âûâîäà äëÿ âêëþ÷åíèÿ ðåæèìà Turbo
Lj_lvykljhdZ$0,+L)OH[%,26bf__lnhjfZlhibkZgguc\lZ[e

Òàáëèöà 5.5. AAB-C-DDD-EE-FF-GGGG-HH-II-JJ-K-L
AA Íîìåð âûâîäà êîíòðîëëåðà êëàâèàòóðû äëÿ óïðàâëåíèÿ êýø-ïàìÿòüþ

B Ðåæèì óïðàâëåíèÿ âûâîäîì óïðàâëåíèÿ êýø-ïàìÿòüþ:
H âûñîêèé óðîâåíü âêëþ÷àåò êýø-ïàìÿòü;
L âûñîêèé óðîâåíü âûêëþ÷àåò êýø-ïàìÿòü
C 1 êîíòðîëëåðîì êëàâèàòóðû óïðàâëÿåò ñèãíàë âûñîêîãî óðîâíÿ
DDD Óïðàâëåíèå êýø-ïàìÿòüþ ñ ïîìîùüþ ðåãèñòðîâ ìèêðîñõåì:
0 âûêëþ÷åíî;
1 âêëþ÷åíî
EE Àäðåñ ïîðòà âêëþ÷åíèÿ êýø-ïàìÿòè
FF Çíà÷åíèå äàííûõ äëÿ âêëþ÷åíèÿ êýø-ïàìÿòè
GGGG Çíà÷åíèå ìàñêè äëÿ âêëþ÷åíèÿ êýø-ïàìÿòè
HH Àäðåñ ïîðòà âûêëþ÷åíèÿ êýø-ïàìÿòè
II Çíà÷åíèå äàííûõ äëÿ âûêëþ÷åíèÿ êýø-ïàìÿòè
JJ Çíà÷åíèå ìàñêè äëÿ âûêëþ÷åíèÿ êýø-ïàìÿòè
K Íîìåð âûâîäà äëÿ ñáðîñà êîíòðîëëåðà ïàìÿòè 82335
L Ôëàã ìîäèôèêàöèè BIOS:
0 BIOS íå ìîäèôèöèðîâàíà;
19, AZ êîëè÷åñòâî ïðåäûäóùèõ ìîäèôèêàöèé BIOS
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BIOS ôèðìû Phoenix

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<g_dhlhjuoklZjuofh^_eyodhfivxl_jh\ ,%0b&RPSDT\f_klh)ODVK%,26bkihevam_l
ky kbkl_fZ ,0/ ,QLWLDO 0LFURFRGH /RDG² gZqZevgZy aZ]jmadZ fbdjhdh^Z < ^Zgghf kemqZ_
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fylb195$01RQ9RODWLOH5$0
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Òàáëèöà 5.6. Ðàñïðåäåëåíèå CMOS-ïàìÿòè â êîìïüþòåðàõ AT
Àäðåñ Àäðåñ Ðàçìåð ïîëÿ, Îïèñàíèå
HEX DEC áàéò
00 0 1 Òåêóùàÿ ñåêóíäà â äâîè÷íî-äåñÿòè÷íîì êîäå (êîäå BCD)

01 1 1 Óñòàíîâëåííàÿ ñåêóíäà áóäèëüíèêà â BCD
02 2 1 Òåêóùàÿ ìèíóòà â BCD
03 3 1 Óñòàíîâëåííàÿ ìèíóòà áóäèëüíèêà â BCD
04 4 1 Òåêóùèé ÷àñ â BCD
05 5 1 Óñòàíîâëåííûé ÷àñ áóäèëüíèêà â BCD
06 6 1 Òåêóùèé äåíü íåäåëè â BCD
07 7 1 Òåêóùàÿ äàòà (äåíü ìåñÿöà â BCD)
08 8 1 Òåêóùèé ìåñÿö â BCD
09 9 1 Òåêóùèé ãîä â BCD
0A 10 1 Ðåãèñòð ñîñòîÿíèÿ À
Áèò 7 ñòàòóñ ïðîöåññà îáíîâëåíèÿ äàííûõ:
0 äàòà è âðåìÿ ìîãóò áûòü ñ÷èòàíû
1 âûïîëíÿåòñÿ îáíîâëåíèå äàííûõ
Áèòû 64 êîýôôèöèåíò äåëåíèÿ òàêòîâîé ÷àñòîòû ÷àñîâ:
010 äëÿ ÷àñòîòû 32 768 êÃö
Áèòû 30 âûáîð ÷àñòîòû:
0110 äëÿ ÷àñòîòû 1 024 êÃö
0B 11 1 Ðåãèñòð ñîñòîÿíèÿ Â
Áèò 7 ñòàòóñ öèêëà îáíîâëåíèÿ äàííûõ â ÷àñàõ:
0 îáíîâëåíèå âûïîëíåíî íîðìàëüíî
1 ïðîöåññ îáíîâëåíèÿ ïðåðâàí
Áèò 6 ïåðèîäè÷åñêèå ïðåðûâàíèÿ:
0 îòêëþ÷åíû (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
1 âêëþ÷åíû
Áèò 5 ïðåðûâàíèå áóäèëüíèêà:
0 îòêëþ÷åíî (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
1 âêëþ÷åíî
Áèò 4 ïðåðûâàíèå ïî îêîí÷àíèè îáíîâëåíèÿ:
0 îòêëþ÷åíî (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
1 âêëþ÷åíî
Áèò 3 ñòàòóñ ðåãèñòðà ñîñòîÿíèÿ À:
0 îòêëþ÷åí (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
1 âêëþ÷åí
Áèò 2 ôîðìàò äàòû:
0 äàííûå êàëåíäàðÿ ïðåäñòàâëÿþòñÿ â êîäå BCD (ïî
óìîë÷àíèþ)
1 äàííûå êàëåíäàðÿ ïðåäñòàâëÿþòñÿ â äâîè÷íîì âèäå
Áèò 1 ðåæèì ÷àñîâ:
0 24-÷àñîâîé (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)

Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
HEX DEC áàéò
1 12-÷àñîâîé
Áèò 0 ïåðåâîä ÷àñîâ íà ëåòíåå âðåìÿ:
0 çàïðåùåí (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
1 ðàçðåøåí
0C 12 1 Ðåãèñòð ñîñòîÿíèÿ Ñ
Áèò 7 ôëàã IRQF
Áèò 6 ôëàã PF
Áèò 5 ôëàã AF
Áèò 4 ôëàã UF
Áèòû 30 çàðåçåðâèðîâàíû
0D 13 1 Ðåãèñòð ñîñòîÿíèÿ D
Áèò 7 áèò íåèñïðàâíîñòè ïàìÿòè CMOS:
0 áàòàðåÿ ïèòàíèÿ âûøëà èç ñòðîÿ
1 ïèòàíèå áàòàðåè â íîðìå
0E 14 1 Áàéò ñîñòîÿíèÿ äèàãíîñòèêè
Áèò 7 ñòàòóñ ïèòàíèÿ ÷àñîâ:
0 ïèòàíèå ÷àñîâ íå îòêëþ÷àëîñü
1 ïèòàíèå ÷àñîâ îòêëþ÷àëîñü
Áèò 6 ðåçóëüòàò ïðîâåðêè êîíòðîëüíîé ñóììû CMOS-
ïàìÿòè:
0 êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà ïðàâèëüíàÿ
1 êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà îøèáî÷íàÿ
Áèò 5 ðåçóëüòàò ïðîâåðêè êîíôèãóðàöèè ïðè âûïîëíåíèè
ïðîöåäóðû POST:
0 îáíàðóæåííàÿ êîíôèãóðàöèÿ ñîîòâåòñòâóåò óñòàíîâ-
ëåííîé
1 îáíàðóæåííàÿ êîíôèãóðàöèÿ íå ñîîòâåòñòâóåò óñòà-
íîâëåííîé
Áèò 4 ðåçóëüòàò ïðîâåðêè ðàçìåðà ïàìÿòè ïðè âûïîëíåíèè
ïðîöåäóðû POST:
0 îáíàðóæåííûé ðàçìåð ñîîòâåòñòâóåò óñòàíîâëåííîìó
1 îáíàðóæåííûé ðàçìåð íå ñîîòâåòñòâóåò óñòàíîâëåí-
íîìó
Áèò 3 ðåçóëüòàò èíèöèàëèçàöèè æåñòêîãî äèñêà/àäàïòåðà:
0 èíèöèàëèçàöèÿ ïðîâåäåíà óñïåøíî
1 èíèöèàëèçàöèÿ íå óäàëàñü
Áèò 2 èíäèêàòîð ñòàòóñà CMOS-÷àñîâ:
0 âðåìÿ ïðàâèëüíîå
1 âðåìÿ íåïðàâèëüíîå

Ijh^he`_gb_lZ[e
HEX DEC áàéò
0F 15 1 Êîäû îòêëþ÷åíèÿ:
00h âêëþ÷åíèå ïèòàíèÿ èëè ãîðÿ÷àÿ ïåðåçàãðóçêà
01h âûïîëíåí òåñò ðàçìåðà ïàìÿòè
02h âûïîëíåí òåñò íà èñïðàâíîñòü ïàìÿòè
03h íå âûïîëíåí òåñò íà èñïðàâíîñòü ïàìÿòè
04h çàêîí÷åíà ïðîöåäóðà POST, çàãðóçêà ñèñòåìû
05h ñôîðìèðîâàí óêàçàòåëü ïåðåõîäà JMP (äâîéíîå ñëî-
âî), çàêîí÷åíà èíèöèàëèçàöèÿ
06h ïðîâåäåí òåñò íà ðàáîòîñïîñîáíîñòü â çàùèùåííîì
ðåæèìå
07h íå ïðîøåë òåñò íà ðàáîòîñïîñîáíîñòü â çàùèùåí-
íîì ðåæèìå
08h íå ïðîøåë òåñò ðàçìåðà ïàìÿòè
09h ïåðåìåùåí áëîê ïàìÿòè ÷åðåç ïðåðûâàíèå INT 15h
0Ah ñôîðìèðîâàí óêàçàòåëü ïåðåõîäà JMP (äâîéíîå
ñëîâî) áåç îêîí÷àíèÿ èíèöèàëèçàöèè
0Bh èñïîëüçóåòñÿ â ñèñòåìàõ ñ ïðîöåññîðîì 80386
10 16 1 Òèïû íàêîïèòåëåé íà ãèáêèõ äèñêàõ
Áèòû 74 òèï äèñêîâîäà 0
Áèòû 30 òèï äèñêîâîäà 1:
0000 íå óñòàíîâëåí
0001 äèñêîâîä åìêîñòüþ 360 Êáàéò
0010 äèñêîâîä åìêîñòüþ 1,2 Ìáàéò
0011 äèñêîâîä åìêîñòüþ 720 Êáàéò
0100 äèñêîâîä åìêîñòüþ 1,44 Ìáàéò
11 17 1 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
12 18 1 Òèïû íàêîïèòåëåé íà æåñòêèõ äèñêàõ
Áèòû 74 òèï 0 (015)
Áèòû 30 òèï 1 (015)
13 19 1 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
14 20 1 Óñòàíîâëåííûå óñòðîéñòâà
Áèòû 76 êîëè÷åñòâî íàêîïèòåëåé íà ãèáêèõ äèñêàõ:
00 îäèí
01 äâà
Áèòû 54 ãëàâíûé äèñïëåé:
00 èñïîëüçóåòñÿ BIOS âèäåîàäàïòåðà
01 CGA, 40 ñòîëáöîâ
10 CGA, 80 ñòîëáöîâ
11 MDA (Monochrome Display Adapter)
Áèò 1 ñîïðîöåññîð óñòàíîâëåí
Áèò 0 äèñêîâîä ãèáêèõ äèñêîâ óñòàíîâëåí

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
HEX DEC áàéò
15 21 1 Ìëàäøèé áàéò ðàçìåðà îñíîâíîé ïàìÿòè

16 22 1 Ñòàðøèé áàéò ðàçìåðà îñíîâíîé ïàìÿòè
17 23 1 Ìëàäøèé áàéò ðàçìåðà äîïîëíèòåëüíîé (extended) ïàìÿòè
18 24 1 Ñòàðøèé áàéò ðàçìåðà äîïîëíèòåëüíîé (extended) ïàìÿòè
19 25 1 Ðàñøèðåííûé òèï íàêîïèòåëÿ 0 íà æåñòêèõ äèñêàõ (0255)
1A 26 1 Ðàñøèðåííûé òèï íàêîïèòåëÿ 1 íà æåñòêèõ äèñêàõ (0255)
1B 27 9 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíû
2E 46 1 Ñòàðøèé áàéò êîíòðîëüíîé ñóììû CMOS-ïàìÿòè
2F 47 1 Ìëàäøèé áàéò êîíòðîëüíîé ñóììû CMOS-ïàìÿòè
30 48 1 Ìëàäøèé áàéò ðåàëüíîãî ðàçìåðà äîïîëíèòåëüíîé (extended)
ïàìÿòè
31 49 1 Ñòàðøèé áàéò ðåàëüíîãî ðàçìåðà äîïîëíèòåëüíîé (extended)
ïàìÿòè
32 50 1 Íîìåð ñòîëåòèÿ â BCD
33 51 1 Èíôîðìàöèîííûé ôëàã ïðîöåäóðû POST
Áèò 7 ñòàòóñ âåðõíèõ 128 Êáàéò îñíîâíîé ïàìÿòè:
0 íå óñòàíîâëåí
1 óñòàíîâëåí
Áèò 6 ôëàã ðåæèìà ïðîãðàììû SETUP:
0 íîðìàëüíûé (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
1 âûâîäèòü ïåðâîå ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêîå ñîîáùåíèå
34 52 2 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíû
H[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_qlh\ kh\j_f_gguo kbkl_fguo ieZlZo mklZgZ\eb\Zxlky fbdjhko_fu

&026iZfylb h[t_fhf beb D[Zcl WlZ ^hihegbl_evgZy iZfylv bkihevam_lky êy khojZ
g_gbybgnhjfZpbbh[mkljhckl\Zo3OXJDQG3OD\Ijb\_^_ggZy \lZ[ebgnhjfZpbyfh`_l
g_khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv l_f^Zggufdhlhju_aZibkZgu\&026iZfylb\Zr_ckbkl_fghcieZlu
Zdjhf_lh]hhgZhlebqZ_lkymdZ`^h]hijhba\h^bl_eykbkl_fghc%,26
<lZ[ei_j_qbke_gu agZq_gbylZdgZau\Z_fh]h [ZclZkhklhygby^bZ]ghklbdbdhlhju_
fh]ml[ulvkhojZg_gukbkl_fghc%,26\&026iZfylbIjhZgZebabjh\Z\ _]hagZq_gb_kih
fhsvx lhc beb bghc ^bZ]ghklbq_kdhc ijh]jZffu fh`gh \uykgblv nhjfbjh\Zebkv eb \
dhfivxl_j_dhûhrb[hdbdZdb_ijh[e_fu\hagbdZeb\ijhp_kk__]hjZ[hlu
Òàáëèöà 5.7. Çíà÷åíèå áàéòà ñîñòîÿíèÿ äèàãíîñòèêè
Íîìåð áèòà
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Áàéò HEX Îïèñàíèå
1 W W W W W W W 80 Ïðîïàëî ïèòàíèå ìèêðîñõåìû ÷àñîâ

W 1 W W W W W W 40 Íåïðàâèëüíàÿ êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà ïàìÿòè CMOS
W W 1 W W W W W 20 Ïðè âûïîëíåíèè POST îáíàðóæåíà íåïðàâèëüíàÿ
êîíôèãóðàöèÿ

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Íîìåð áèòà
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Áàéò HEX Îïèñàíèå
W W W 1 W W W W 10 Îøèáêà ïðè ñðàâíåíèè ðàçìåðîâ ïàìÿòè â ïðî-

öåññå âûïîëíåíèÿ POST
W W W W 1 W W W 08 Íå óäàëàñü èíèöèàëèçàöèÿ æåñòêîãî äèñêà èëè
àäàïòåðà
W W W W W 1 W W 04 Íåïðàâèëüíîå âðåìÿ, îòñ÷èòûâàåìîå ÷àñàìè
W W W W W W 1 W 02 Àäàïòåðû íå ñîîòâåòñòâóþò óñòàíîâëåííîé êîíôè-
ãóðàöèè
W W W W W W W 1 01 Ïàóçà â ñ÷èòûâàíèè èäåíòèôèêàòîðà àäàïòåðà
W W W W W W W W 00 Íåò îøèáîê (íîðìàëüíî)
Çàìåíà ìèêðîñõåìû ROM BIOS

<Zfg_ijb^_lkyqZklh\uihegylv^Zggmxhi_jZpbxihkdhevdmh[gh\blv%,26 fh`gh k
ihfhsvx ijh]jZffguo kj_^kl\ ?keb `_ \k_lZdb g_h[oh^bfh aZf_gblv fbdjhko_fm 520
%,26\uihegbl_jy^^_ckl\bc
1. KhojZgbl_\k_iZjZf_lju&026iZfylb
2. <udexqbl_iblZgb_bhlkh_^bgbl_dZ[_eviblZgby
3. Kgbfbl_djurdmdhjimkZ
4. Ba\e_dbl_ \k_ dhfihg_glu dhlhju_ ij_iylkl\mxl k\h[h^ghfm ^hklmim d fbdjhko_f_
520%,26G_aZ[m^vl_h^_lvZglbklZlbq_kdbc [jZke_l?keb\ug_mki_eb_]hijbh[j_
klblhi_j_^\uiheg_gb_fhibkZgguo^_ckl\bcijbdhkgbl_kvjmdhcdrZkkbkbkl_fu
5. Bkihevamybgkljmf_glêyba\e_q_gbyfbdjhko_fbebkihfhsvxhl\_jldbba\e_dbl_
fbdjhko_fm520%,26ba]g_a^ZgZkbkl_fghcieZl_
6. MklZgh\bl_gh\mxfbdjhko_fm520%,26\]g_a^hkbkl_fghcieZlu
7. MklZgh\bl_\k_ba\e_q_ggu_ jZg__dhfihg_glugZf_klh
8. MklZgh\bl_djurdmdhjimkZih^dexqbl_dZ[_eviblZgbyb\dexqbl_dhfivxl_j
9. <\_^bl_\k_jZg__khojZg_ggu_ iZjZf_lju%,26
10. I_j_aZ]jmabl_ dhfivxl_j
Ïàðàìåòðû ñèñòåìû, õðàíÿùèåñÿ

â ROM BIOS
<wlhfjZa^_e_hibku\Zxlky \k_iZjZf_ljukbkl_fuojZgysb_ky\520%,26
Çàïóñê ïðîãðàììû Setup BIOS

>ey aZimkdZ wlhc ijh]jZffu g_h[oh^bfh \h \j_fy aZ]jmadb kbkl_fu gZ`Zlv hij_^_e_g
gmx deZ\brm beb dhf[bgZpbx deZ\br Gb`_ ijb\_^_g kibkhd deZ\br aZimkdZ wlhc ijh
]jZffu êy %,26 jZaebqguo ijhba\h^bl_e_c dhlhju_ g_h[oh^bfh gZ`bfZlv \h \j_fy \u
iheg_gbyijhp_^mju3267

$0,%,26²deZ\brZ'HOHWH!
3KRHQL[%,26²deZ\brZ)!
$ZDUG%,26²deZ\brZ'HOHWH!bebdhf[bgZpbydeZ\br&WUO$OW(VF!
0LFURLG5HVHDUFK%,26²deZ\brZ(VF!
?kebgbh^gZbawlbodeZ\brg_h[_ki_qb\Z_l aZimkdZijh]jZffu6HWXS%,26ihkfhljbl_
^hdmf_glZpbx d\Zr_ckbkl_fghcieZl_bebh[jZlbl_kvd__ijhba\h^bl_ex
< g_dhlhjuo kbkl_fZo bkihevamxlky ke_^mxsb_ deZ\brb êy aZimkdZ ijh]jZffu 6HWXS
%,26
,%0$SWLYD9DOXHSRLQW²deZ\brZ)!\h\j_fy\uiheg_gbyijhp_^mju3267
KlZju_\_jkbb3KRHQL[%,26²dhf[bgZpbydeZ\br&WUO$OW(VF!beb&WUO$OW6!
\j_`bf_dhfZg^ghckljhdb
&RPSDT²deZ\brZ)!\h\j_fy\uiheg_gbyijhp_^mju3267
Ihke_aZimkdZijh]jZffu6HWXS%,26ihy\blky__hkgh\ghcwdjZgkf_gxbih^f_gx>Z
e__jZkkfZljb\Zxlky dhfZgûwlbof_gxbih^f_gxijh]jZffu6HWXS %,26 êy kbkl_fghc
ieZlu ,QWHO 6(%; H[jZlbl_ \gbfZgb_ qlh ZgZeh]bqgu_ dhfZgû bkihevamxlky \ khhl
\_lkl\mxsbo ijh]jZffZo^jm]boijhba\h^bl_e_c
Îñíîâíîå ìåíþ ïðîãðàììû Setup BIOS

< [hevrbgkl\_ kh\j_f_gguo ijh]jZff 6HWXS %,26 hkgh\gh_ f_gx khklhbl ba iZjZf_l
jh\ijb\_^_gguo \lZ[e
Çàìå÷àíèå
d âØÔÒ ÖÈÎËÌÑÌ ÔÕÏ×ÈÓÈ ÕÖÔÖÈÒÒÈ 6HWXS %,26 ËÑÇ ×Ï×ØÌÒÓÔÐ ÕÑÈØà ,QWHO 6(%; fÈÓÓàÌ
ÕÖÏÊÌËÌÓà×ÖÈÎÖÌÝÌÓÏÇÙÏÖÒà,QWHOd%,26ËÖ¿ÏÚÕÖÔÏÎÊÔËÏØÌÑÌÐÕÖÏÊÌËÌÓÓàÌËÈÓÓàÌÒÔå
¿ØÔØÑÏÜÈØá×Ç
Òàáëèöà 5.8. Ïàðàìåòðû îñíîâíîãî ìåíþ ïðîãðàììû Setup BIOS

Ïàðàìåòð Îïèñàíèå
Maintenance (Ïîääåðæêà) Îïðåäåëåíèå ðàáî÷åé ÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðà è óäàëåíèå ïàðîëåé. Ýòî

ìåíþ äîñòóïíî òîëüêî â ðåæèìå Configure, óñòàíàâëèâàåìîì ñ ïî-
ìîùüþ ïåðåìû÷êè íà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòå
Main (Îñíîâíûå ïàðàìåòðû) Ðàñïðåäåëåíèå ðåñóðñîâ àïïàðàòíîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ
Advanced (Äîïîëíèòåëüíûå Óñòàíîâêà äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ ñâîéñòâ (çàâèñèò îò èñïîëüçóåìîãî íà-
ïàðàìåòðû) áîðà ìèêðîñõåì)
Security (Áåçîïàñíîñòü) Óñòàíîâêà ïàðîëåé è àêòèâèçàöèÿ äðóãèõ ñðåäñòâ áåçîïàñíîñòè
Power (Ïèòàíèå) Óñòàíîâêà ïàðàìåòðîâ óïðàâëåíèÿ ïèòàíèåì
Boot (Çàãðóçêà) Îïðåäåëåíèå ïàðàìåòðîâ çàãðóçêè è áëîêà ïèòàíèÿ
Exit (Âûõîä) Ñîõðàíåíèå èëè îòìåíà óñòàíîâëåííûõ ïàðàìåòðîâ
Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Maintenance

IZjZf_ljuf_gx Maintenanceij_^gZagZq_gu êymklZgh\dbjZ[hq_cqZklhluijhp_k
khjZ b m^Ze_gby iZjhe_c <h \k_o klZjuo kbkl_fguo ieZlZo jZ[hqb_ iZjZf_lju ijhp_kkhjZ
mklZgZ\eb\Zxlky k ihfhsvx i_j_fuq_d gZ kbkl_fghc ieZl_ < [hevrbgkl\_ gh\uo kbkl_f

guo ieZl wlb iZjZf_lju mklZgZ\eb\Zxlky k ihfhsvx ijh]jZffu 6HWXS %,26 < kbkl_fghc
ieZl_,QWHO6(%;iZjZf_ljuijhp_kkhjZfh`ghmklZgZ\eb\Zlv dZdkihfhsvxi_j_fuq_d
lZdbijh]jZffgh lhevdh\j_`bf_&RQILJXUHI_j_dexq_gb_ \wlhlj_`bfhkms_kl\ey_lky k
ihfhsvx i_j_fuqdb gZ kbkl_fghc ieZl_ < lZ[e ijb\_^_gu iZjZf_lju f_gx Mainte-
nanceIhke_mklZgh\db\k_og_h[oh^bfuo iZjZf_ljh\kihfhsvxwlh]hf_gx\udexqbl_
dhfivxl_jbmklZgh\bl_i_j_dexqZl_ev j_`bfZ\h[uqgh_iheh`_gb_
Òàáëèöà 5.9. Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Maintenance
Ïàðàìåòð Çíà÷åíèå Îïèñàíèå
Processor Speed 233 Óñòàíîâêà ðàáî÷åé ÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðà â ÌÃö

(Ðàáî÷àÿ ÷àñòîòà ïðîöåññîðà) 266
300
333
350
400
450
500
550
Clear All Passwords Íåò Óäàëåíèå âñåõ òèïîâ ïàðîëåé
(Óäàëèòü âñå ïàðîëè)
H[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_qlh\wlhff_gxfh`ghmklZgh\blvex[h_agZq_gb_jZ[hq_cqZklhlu
ijhp_kkhjZdhlhjh_fh`_l[ulvdZd\ur_lZdbgb`_mdZaZggh]hgZijhp_kkhj_
?keb ihevah\Zl_ev aZ[m^_l mklZgh\e_gguc iZjhev lh g_h[oh^bfh Zdlb\babjh\Zlv k ih
fhsvx i_j_fuqdb kbkl_fghc ieZlu j_`bf &RQILJXUH aZimklblv ijh]jZffm 6HWXS %,26 b
m^Zeblv\k_lbiuiZjhe_ckihfhsvxdhfZgûClear All Passwords f_gx Maintenance
H[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_qlhih^h[gZyaZsblZdhfivxl_jZg_gZ^_`gZlZddZddlhm]h^ghfh`_l
\uihegblv hibkZggu_ ^_ckl\by aZ]jmablv dhfivxl_j b ihemqblv ^hklmi d dhgnb^_gpbZe v
guf^Zgguf
Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Main

?s_ i_j\u_ \_jkbb ijh]jZffu 6HWXS %,26 kh^_j`Zeb wlh f_gx A^_kv mklZgZ\eb\Zxlky
kbkl_fgu_^ZlZb\j_fyiZjZf_lju`_kldh]h^bkdZb^bkdh\h^h\ZlZd`_hkgh\gu_iZjZf_lju
\b^_h<kh\j_f_gguoijh]jZffZo6HWXS%,26\wlhff_gxhlh[jZ`Z_lky^hihegbl_evgZy bg
nhjfZpby gZijbf_j ghf_j \_jkbb %,26 lbi b jZ[hqZy qZklhlZ ijhp_kkhjZ dhebq_kl\h mklZ
gh\e_gghciZfylbbiZjZf_ljudh^h\dhjj_dpbbhrb[hd(UURU&RUUHFWLQJ&RGH²(&&
<lZ[eijb\_^_guiZjZf_ljuf_gxMain
Òàáëèöà 5.10. Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Main
BIOS Version (Âåðñèÿ BIOS) Íåò Îòîáðàæåíèå âåðñèè BIOS

Processor Type (Òèï ïðîöåññîðà) Íåò Îòîáðàæåíèå òèïà ïðîöåññîðà
Processor Speed (Ðàáî÷àÿ ÷àñòî- Íåò Îòîáðàæåíèå ðàáî÷åé ÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðà
òà ïðîöåññîðà)
System Memory (Ñèñòåìíàÿ Íåò Îòîáðàæåíèå îáùåãî îáúåìà óñòàíîâëåííîé
ïàìÿòü) îïåðàòèâíîé ïàìÿòè

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Memory Bank 0 Íåò Îòîáðàæåíèå îáúåìà è òèïà ìîäóëåé

Memory Bank 1 ïàìÿòè DIMM, óñòàíîâëåííûõ â êàæäîì
áàíêå ïàìÿòè
Memory Bank 2
(Áàíê ïàìÿòè 0, 1 è 2)
Language (ßçûê) English (default) (Àíãëèéñêèé Óñòàíîâêà ÿçûêà èíòåðôåéñà ïðîãðàììû
(ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)) Setup BIOS
Italian (Èòàëüÿíñêèé)
Francais (Ôðàíöóçñêèé)
Deutch (Íåìåöêèé)
Espanol (Èñïàíñêèé)
ECC Configuration Non-ECC (default) (Íåò ïîä- Óñòàíîâêà ïàìÿòè ECC
(Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ ECC) äåðæêè ECC (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ))
ECC (Ïîääåðæêà ECC)
L2 cache ECC Support Disabled (default) (Îòêëþ÷åíî Àêòèâèçàöèÿ ïîääåðæêè ECC äëÿ êýø-
(ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)) ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ. Ýòîò ïàðàìåòð
(Ïîääåðæêà ECC äëÿ
íå ïîÿâëÿåòñÿ, åñëè ïðîöåññîð íå ñî-
êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî Enabled (Âêëþ÷åíî)
äåðæèò êýø-ïàìÿòü âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ èëè
óðîâíÿ)
îíà çàáëîêèðîâàíà
System Time Hour, minute, second Óñòàíîâêà òåêóùåãî âðåìåíè
(Ñèñòåìíîå âðåìÿ) (×àñ, ìèíóòà, ñåêóíäà)
System Date Month, day, year Óñòàíîâêà òåêóùåé äàòû
(Ñèñòåìíàÿ äàòà) (Ìåñÿö, äåíü, ãîä)
H[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_qlhg_\k_fh^mebiZfylbih^^_j`b\Zxl dhûdhjj_dpbbhrb[hdIh
wlhfmij_`^_q_fZdlb\babjh\Zlv (&&ijh\_jvl_ih^^_j`b\Z_l eb__mklZgh\e_ggZy iZfylv
< g_dhlhjuo ijh]jZffZo 6HWXS %,26 hlh[jZ`Z_lky h[t_f hkgh\ghc b ^hihegbl_evghc
iZfylbZlZd`_h[sbch[t_fmklZgh\e_gghc iZfylbH[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_qlhwlbiZjZf_lju
baf_gblvg_evay²hgbghkylqbklhbgnhjfZlb\guc oZjZdl_j
Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Advanced

<wlhff_gxfh`ghmklZgh\blviZjZf_ljuhij_^_ey_fu_ gZ[hjhffbdjhko_fkbkl_fghc
eh]bdb<hfgh]bokbkl_fguoieZlZoiZjZf_ljuwlh]hf_gxhlebqZxlky<lZ[eijb\_
^_guiZjZf_ljuf_gxAdvancedêykbkl_fghcieZlu,QWHO6(%;kgZ[hjhffbdjhko_f
%;
Òàáëèöà 5.11. Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Advanced
Plug and Play O/S No (default) (Íåò Óñòàíîâêà òèïà îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìû. Ïðè
(ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)) âûáîðå çíà÷åíèÿ No BIOS ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíî
(Îïåðàöèîííàÿ ñèñòåìà
êîíôèãóðèðóåò âñå óñòðîéñòâà; ïðè âûáîðå
Plug and Play) Yes (Äà)
çíà÷åíèÿ Yes âñå óñòðîéñòâà Plug and Play
êîíôèãóðèðóþòñÿ îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìîé,
êîòîðàÿ íå îáÿçàòåëüíî äîëæíà óäîâëåòâî-
ðÿòü ñïåöèôèêàöèè Plug and Play

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Reset Configuration Data No (default) (Íåò Óäàëåíèå âñåõ ïàðàìåòðîâ BIOS óñòðîéñòâ
(ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)) Plug and Play ïðè ñëåäóþùåé çàãðóçêå
(Ñáðîñ óñòàíîâëåííûõ
äàííûõ) Yes (Äà)
Numlock Auto (default) (Àâòî Îïðåäåëåíèÿ ñîñòîÿíèÿ ïåðåêëþ÷àòåëÿ Num
(ïî óìîë÷àíèþ) Lock íà öèôðîâîé êëàâèàòóðå
On (Âêëþ÷åí)
Off (Îòêëþ÷åí)
Peripheral Configuration Íåò Êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå ïåðèôåðèéíûõ ïîðòîâ è
óñòðîéñòâ. Ïðè âûáîðå ýòîãî ïàðàìåòðà ïî-
(Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ ïåðèôåðèé-
ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïîäìåíþ
íûõ óñòðîéñòâ)
IDE Configuration Íåò Óñòàíîâêà òèïà ïîäêëþ÷åííûõ IDE-óñòðîéñòâ
(Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ IDE)
Floppy Configuration Íåò Ïðè âûáîðå ýòîãî ïàðàìåòðà ïîÿâëÿåòñÿ
ïîäìåíþ
(Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ äèñêîâîäà)
DMI Events Logging Íåò Êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå ïðîöåäóðû çàïèñè ñîáû-
òèé DMI. Ïðè âûáîðå ýòîãî ïàðàìåòðà ïîÿâ-
(Çàïèñü ñîáûòèé DMI)
ëÿåòñÿ ïîäìåíþ
Video Configuration Íåò Êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå ïàðàìåòðîâ âèäåî. Ïðè
âûáîðå ýòîãî ïàðàìåòðà ïîÿâëÿåòñÿ ïîäìåíþ
(Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ âèäåî)
Resource Configuration Íåò Êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå áëîêîâ ïàìÿòè è ïðåðû-
âàíèé äëÿ ISA-óñòðîéñòâ. Ïðè âûáîðå ýòîãî
(Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ ðåñóðñîâ
ïàðàìåòðà ïîÿâëÿåòñÿ ïîäìåíþ
ñèñòåìû)
<u[hjagZq_gbyiZjZf_ljZPlug and Play O/S hkh[_ggh\Z`_gijb bkihevah\Zgbb hi_

jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu dhlhjZy g_ m^h\e_l\hjy_l ki_pbnbdZpbb 3OXJDQG 3OD\ gZijbf_j :LQ
GRZV17<wlhfkemqZ_hklZ\vl_agZq_gb_ihmfheqZgbxNob%,26Z\lhfZlbq_kdb kdhg
nb]mjbjm_lmkljhckl\Z
?keb `_ bkihevam_lky hi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ m^h\e_l\hjyxsZy ki_pbnbdZpbb 3OXJDQG
3OD\ gZijbf_j :LQGRZVo Z agZq_gb_ hibkZggh]h iZjZf_ljZ mklZgh\e_gh ih mfheqZgbx
Nolhhi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZkZfhklhyl_evgh kdhgnb]mjbjm_l \k_mkljhckl\ZbaZibr_l\k_
g_h[oh^bfu_ ^Zggu_ \ %,26 >ey mkdhj_gby \j_f_gb aZ]jmadb ijb bkihevah\Zgbb hi_jZpb
hgghckbkl_fum^h\e_l\hjyxs_c ki_pbnbdZpbb 3OXJDQG3OD\mklZgh\bl_agZq_gb_YesLZ
dbfh[jZahf[m^_lijhims_gwlZidhgnb]mjbjh\Zgby%,26
IZjZf_ljReset Configuration Dataihe_a_gijbmklZgh\d_ gh\h]h mkljhckl\Z beb ba
f_g_gbb dhgnb]mjZpbb m`_ mklZgh\e_ggh]h gZijbf_j Z^Zil_j [ue mklZgh\e_g \ ^jm]hc
jZat_fkbkl_fghcieZlu<lZdhfkemqZ_êymkljZg_gbyg_khhl\_lkl\by khojZg_gguoiZjZ
f_ljh\j_ZevgufmklZgh\bl_agZq_gb_Yes iZjZf_ljZReset Configuration Data bi_j_aZ
]jmabl_ dhfivxl_j Ihke_ wlh]h \k_ g_h[oh^bfu_ baf_g_gby [m^ml khojZg_gu \ &026
iZfylbG_aZ[m^vl_ijbke_^mxs_ci_j_aZ]jmad_ \_jgmlvagZq_gb_ihmfheqZgbxhibkZggh
]hiZjZf_ljZ

Äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Advanced
<h\k_okbkl_fguoieZlZodhebq_kl\hwlboiZjZf_ljh\hij_^_ey_lky\hafh`ghklyfb gZ[hjZ
fbdjhko_f?keb\ulhqghg_agZ_l_dZdhcgZ[hjfbdjhko_fblbiiZfylbbkihevam_lky\\Zr_c
kbkl_fghcieZl_mklZgZ\eb\Zcl_ agZq_gbyAutoY`_j_dhf_g^mx\uykgblvlbi\k_obkihev
am_fuo\\Zr_ckbkl_f_dhfihg_glh\blh]^Zfh`gh[he__lhgdh__kdhgnb]mjbjh\Zlv qlh_k
l_kl\_gghijb\_^_ldih\ur_gbxijhba\h^bl_evghklb imklv^Z`_bdg_[hevrhfm
<lZ[eijb\_^_gu^hihegbl_evgu_ iZjZf_ljuf_gxAdvanced
Òàáëèöà 5.12. Äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Advanced
Auto Configuration Óñòàíîâêà çàðàíåå îïðåäåëåííûõ îïòèìàëüíûõ çíà÷å-

íèé ïàðàìåòðîâ íàáîðà ìèêðîñõåì. Ïðè âûáîðå çíà-
(Àâòîìàòè÷åñêàÿ êîíôèãóðàöèÿ)
÷åíèÿ Disabled ïàðàìåòðàì íàáîðà ìèêðîñõåì óñòà-
íàâëèâàþòñÿ çíà÷åíèÿ, ñîõðàíåííûå â CMOS-ïàìÿòè.
Áîëüøèíñòâî ïîëåé óñòàíîâêè çíà÷åíèÿ ïàðàìåòðîâ
íåäîñòóïíû ïðè âûáîðå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled
EDO DRAM Speed Selection Ýòî çíà÷åíèå äîëæíî ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü áûñòðîäåéñò-
âèþ óñòàíîâëåííûõ â ñèñòåìå ìîäóëåé ïàìÿòè EDO
(Âûáîð áûñòðîäåéñòâèÿ EDO DRAM)
DRAM. ×åì ìåíüøå çíà÷åíèå ýòîãî ïàðàìåòðà, òåì
âûøå ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü âñåé ñèñòåìû
SDRAM RAS-to-CAS Delay Óïðàâëåíèå êîëè÷åñòâîì öèêëîâ ìåæäó êîìàíäîé Row
Activate è êîìàíäîé ÷òåíèÿ èëè çàïèñè
(Çàäåðæêà SDRAM RAS-to-CAS)
SDRAM RAS Precharge Time Óïðàâëåíèå êîëè÷åñòâîì öèêëîâ ïîñëå ïîÿâëåíèÿ êî-
ìàíäû ïåðåçàðÿäêè. Åñëè óñòàíîâëåííîãî âðåìåíè íå-
(Âðåìÿ ïðåäâàðèòåëüíîãî çàðÿäà SDRAM
äîñòàòî÷íî, òî ïåðåçàðÿäêà áóäåò âûïîëíåíà íå ïîë-
RAS)
íîñòüþ, ÷òî ïðèâåäåò ê ïîòåðå äàííûõ
SDRAM CAS Latency Time Îïðåäåëåíèå êîëè÷åñòâà öèêëîâ ìåæäó êîìàíäîé ñ÷è-
òûâàíèÿ è ôàêòè÷åñêèì äîñòóïîì ê äàííûì â ïàìÿòè
(Âðåìÿ çàäåðæêè SDRAM CAS)
SDRAM
SDRAM Precharge Control Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled âî âñåõ òàêòàõ ïðî-
öåññîðà áóäåò âûäàâàòüñÿ êîìàíäà All Banks Precharge
(Óïðàâëåíèå ïðåäâàðèòåëüíûì çàðÿäîì
äëÿ ïàìÿòè SDRAM
SDRAM)
DRAM Data Integrity Mode Óïðàâëåíèå êîäàìè êîððåêöèè îøèáîê äëÿ óñòàíîâ-
ëåííîé ïàìÿòè DRAM
(Ðåæèì öåëîñòíîñòè äàííûõ DRAM)
System BIOS Cacheable Ïîçâîëÿåò êýøèðîâàòü ñèñòåìíóþ BIOS ïî àäðåñó
F0000hFFFFFh, ÷òî ïîâûøàåò ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü
(Êýøèðîâàíèå ñèñòåìíîé BIOS)
ñèñòåìû. Åñëè æå äðóãèå ïðîãðàììû çàïèñûâàþò ñâîè
äàííûå â ýòó îáëàñòü ïàìÿòè, òî ïîÿâèòñÿ ñèñòåìíîå
ñîîáùåíèå îá îøèáêå
Video BIOS Cacheable Ïîçâîëÿåò êýøèðîâàòü âèäåî BIOS ïî àäðåñó C0000h
C7FFFh, ÷òî ïîâûøàåò ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü âèäåîïîä-
(Êýøèðîâàíèå âèäåî BIOS)
ñèñòåìû. Åñëè æå äðóãèå ïðîãðàììû çàïèñûâàþò ñâîè
äàííûå â ýòó îáëàñòü ïàìÿòè, òî ïîÿâèòñÿ ñèñòåìíîå
ñîîáùåíèå îá îøèáêå
Video RAM Cacheable Ïðè âûáîðå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled âèäåîïàìÿòü êýøèðóåò-
ñÿ ïî àäðåñó A0000hAFFFFh, ÷òî ïîâûøàåò ïðîèçâî-
(Êýøèðîâàíèå âèäåîïàìÿòè)
äèòåëüíîñòü âèäåîïîäñèñòåìû. Åñëè æå äðóãèå ïðî-
ãðàììû çàïèñûâàþò ñâîè äàííûå â ýòó îáëàñòü ïàìÿ-
òè, òî ïîÿâèòñÿ ñèñòåìíîå ñîîáùåíèå îá îøèáêå

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
8/16 Bit I/O Recovery Time Ìåõàíèçì âîññòàíîâëåíèÿ ââîäà-âûâîäà ïîçâîëÿåò

(Âðåìÿ âîññòàíîâëåíèÿ 8- èëè ñèíõðîíèçèðîâàòü ìåäëåííóþ øèíó ISA ñ áîëåå áûñò-
16-ðàçðÿäíîãî ââîäà-âûâîäà) ðîé PCI
Memory Hole at 15M16M Ðåçåðâèðîâàíèå 1 Ìáàéò ïàìÿòè ìåæäó 15 è 16 Ìáàéò

(Ðåçåðâèðîâàíèå îáëàñòè ïàìÿòè ïî àäðåñó äëÿ íîðìàëüíîãî ôóíêöèîíèðîâàíèÿ ñòàðîãî ïðî-
1516 Ìáàéò) ãðàììíîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ, êîòîðîå íå ðàáîòàåò, åñëè â
ñèñòåìå óñòàíîâëåíî áîëåå 16 Ìáàéò ïàìÿòè. ×àùå
âñåãî ýòîò ïàðàìåòð íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ
Passive Release Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ ïàðàìåòðà Enabled ïðîöåññîð
(Ïàññèâíîå îñâîáîæäåíèå) ïîëó÷àåò äîñòóï ê øèíå PCI âî âðåìÿ ïàññèâíîãî îñ-
âîáîæäåíèÿ
Delayed Transaction Â íàáîðå ìèêðîñõåì åñòü 32-ðàçðÿäíûé áóôåð äëÿ
ïîääåðæêè öèêëîâ îòëîæåííûõ òðàíçàêöèé. Óñòàíîâêà
(Îòëîæåííàÿ òðàíçàêöèÿ)
çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled îáåñïå÷èâàåò ïîääåðæêó ñïåöèôè-
êàöèè PCI 2.1
AGP Aperture Size (MB) (Ðàçìåð ãðàôè÷å- Óñòàíîâêà ðàçìåðà àïåðòóðû AGP. Àïåðòóðà ýòî
ñêîé àïåðòóðû äëÿ AGP (Ìáàéò)) ÷àñòü ïàìÿòè, êîòîðàÿ èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ ãðàôèêè
CPU Warning Temperature Âûáîð íèæíåãî è âåðõíåãî çíà÷åíèÿ òåìïåðàòóðû
ïðîöåññîðà (òîëüêî ïðè íàëè÷èè ñèñòåìû ìîíèòîðèí-
(Äîïóñòèìûé äèàïàçîí òåìïåðàòóðû ïðî-
ãà). Âûõîä çà ïðåäåëû ýòîãî äèàïàçîíà ïðèâîäèò ê ïî-
öåññîðà)
ÿâëåíèþ ïðåäóïðåæäàþùåãî ñîîáùåíèÿ
Current CPU Temperature Â ýòîì ïîëå îòîáðàæàåòñÿ òåêóùàÿ òåìïåðàòóðà ïðî-
(Òåêóùàÿ òåìïåðàòóðà ïðîöåññîðà) öåññîðà (òîëüêî ïðè íàëè÷èè ñèñòåìû ìîíèòîðèíãà)
Shutdown Temperature Âûáîð íèæíåãî è âåðõíåãî çíà÷åíèÿ òåìïåðàòóðû

ïðîöåññîðà (òîëüêî ïðè íàëè÷èè ñèñòåìû ìîíèòîðèí-
(Êðèòè÷åñêàÿ äëÿ ðàáîòû ñèñòåìû òåìïå-
ãà). Âûõîä çà ïðåäåëû ýòîãî äèàïàçîíà ïðèâîäèò ê âû-
ðàòóðà)
êëþ÷åíèþ êîìïüþòåðà
CPUFAN Turn On IN Win98 Åñëè íà êîìïüþòåðå óñòàíîâëåíà Windows 98 è àêòè-
(Óïðàâëåíèå âåíòèëÿòîðîì ïðîöåññîðà èç âèçèðîâàíà ïîääåðæêà ACPI, óñòàíîâêà çíà÷åíèÿ En-
Windows 98) abled ïîçâîëèò óïðàâëÿòü âåíòèëÿòîðîì ïðîöåññîðà ñ
ïîìîùüþ ñðåäñòâ îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìû. Â çàâèñèìî-
ñòè îò çàãðóçêè ïðîöåññîðà, ïîëüçîâàòåëü ìîæåò
óïðàâëÿòü ðàáîòîé âåíòèëÿòîðà (äîïóñêàåòñÿ äàæå
ïîëíîå åãî îòêëþ÷åíèå)
Current System Temperature Â ýòîì ïîëå îòîáðàæàåòñÿ òåêóùàÿ òåìïåðàòóðà ñèñ-
òåìû (òîëüêî ïðè íàëè÷èè ñèñòåìû ìîíèòîðèíãà)
(Òåêóùàÿ òåìïåðàòóðà ñèñòåìû)
Current CPUFAN 1/2/3 Speed Â ýòîì ïîëå îòîáðàæàåòñÿ òåêóùàÿ ñêîðîñòü âðàùåíèÿ
(Òåêóùàÿ ñêîðîñòü âðàùåíèÿ âåíòèëÿòîðà âåíòèëÿòîðà ïðîöåññîðà (òîëüêî ïðè íàëè÷èè ñèñòåìû
ïðîöåññîðà) ìîíèòîðèíãà)
IN0-IN6(V) Â ýòèõ ïîëÿõ îòîáðàæàåòñÿ òåêóùåå çíà÷åíèå íàïðÿ-

æåíèÿ íà ñåìè ëèíèÿõ ïèòàíèÿ (òîëüêî ïðè íàëè÷èè
ñèñòåìû ìîíèòîðèíãà)
Spread Spectrum Óñòàíîâêà çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled ïîçâîëÿåò óìåíüøèòü
ýëåêòðîìàãíèòíîå èçëó÷åíèå êîìïüþòåðà çà ñ÷åò
(Ðàññåèâàíèå ñïåêòðà)
óìåíüøåíèÿ çíà÷åíèÿ âûáðîñîâ ñèãíàëà òàêòîâîãî ãå-
íåðàòîðà. Îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå, ÷òî ýòî ìîæåò ïðèâåñ-
òè ê îøèáêàì â ðàáîòå óñòðîéñòâ, ÷óâñòâèòåëüíûõ ê
ïàðàìåòðàì ñèãíàëà, íàïðèìåð SCSI-óñòðîéñòâ

Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Peripheral Configuration
Wlb iZjZf_lju lZ[e bkihevamxlky êy dhgnb]mjbjh\Zgby mkljhckl\ bgl_]jbjh
\Zgguo\kbkl_fgmxieZlmgZijbf_jihke_^h\Zl_evguo biZjZee_evguo ihjlh\bgl_]jbjh
\Zggh]ha\mdh\h]hZ^Zil_jZbihjlh\86%
Òàáëèöà 5.13. Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Peripheral Configuration
Serial port A Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åí) Êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîãî ïîðòà

A. Ïðè âûáîðå çíà÷åíèÿ Auto èñïîëüçóåòñÿ
(Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé Enabled (Âêëþ÷åí)
ïåðâûé ñâîáîäíûé COM-ïîðò, îáû÷íî
ïîðò À)
Auto (default) (Àâòî (ïî COM 1, àäðåñ 3F8h è ïðåðûâàíèå IRQ4.
óìîë÷àíèþ)) Ñèìâîë * âîçëå àäðåñà ïîêàçûâàåò, ÷òî ñó-
ùåñòâóåò êîíôëèêò ñ äðóãèì óñòðîéñòâîì
Base I/O address 3F8 (default) (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ) Óñòàíîâêà áàçîâîãî àäðåñà ââîäà-âûâîäà ïî-
2F8 ñëåäîâàòåëüíîãî ïîðòà A
(Áàçîâûé àäðåñ ââîäà-
âûâîäà) 3E8
2E8
Interrupt IRQ 3 Óñòàíîâêà ïðåðûâàíèÿ ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîãî
ïîðòà A
(Ïðåðûâàíèå) IRQ 4 (default) (ïî óìîë÷à-
íèþ)
Serial port B Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åí) Êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîãî ïîðòà
Â. Ïðè âûáîðå çíà÷åíèÿ Auto èñïîëüçóåòñÿ
(Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé Enabled (Âêëþ÷åí)
ïåðâûé ñâîáîäíûé COM-ïîðò, îáû÷íî
ïîðò Â)
Auto (default) (Àâòî (ïî COM 2, àäðåñ 2F8h è ïðåðûâàíèå IRQ3.
óìîë÷àíèþ)) Ñèìâîë * âîçëå àäðåñà ïîêàçûâàåò, ÷òî ñó-
ùåñòâóåò êîíôëèêò ñ äðóãèì óñòðîéñòâîì
Mode Normal (Îáû÷íûé) Óñòàíîâêà ðåæèìà ðàáîòû ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíî-
ãî ïîðòà B: îáû÷íûé (COM 2) èëè èíôðà-
(Ðåæèì) IrDA (default) (IrDA (ïî
êðàñíûé
óìîë÷àíèþ))
Base I/O address 3F8 Óñòàíîâêà áàçîâîãî àäðåñà ââîäà-âûâîäà ïî-
2F8 (default) (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ) ñëåäîâàòåëüíîãî ïîðòà B
âûâîäà) 3E8
2E8
Interrupt IRQ 3 Óñòàíîâêà ïðåðûâàíèÿ ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîãî
ïîðòà B
(Ïðåðûâàíèå) IRQ 4 (default) (ïî óìîë÷à-
íèþ)
Parallel port Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åí) Êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå ïàðàëëåëüíîãî ïîðòà.
Ïîðòó LPT1 àâòîìàòè÷åñêè ïðèñâàèâàåòñÿ
(Ïàðàëëåëüíûé ïîðò) Enabled (Âêëþ÷åí)
àäðåñ 378h è ïðåðûâàíèå IRQ7. Ñèìâîë *
Auto (default) (Àâòî (ïî âîçëå àäðåñà ïîêàçûâàåò, ÷òî ñóùåñòâóåò
óìîë÷àíèþ)) êîíôëèêò ñ äðóãèì óñòðîéñòâîì
Mode Output Only (Òîëüêî âûâîä) Óñòàíîâêà ðåæèìà ðàáîòû ïàðàëëåëüíîãî
ïîðòà. Çíà÷åíèå Output Only èñïîëüçóåòñÿ â
(Ðåæèì) Bidirectional (default)
AT-ñîâìåñòèìîì ðåæèìå; Bidirectional â
(Äâóíàïðàâëåííûé (ïî
äâóíàïðàâëåííîì PS/2-ñîâìåñòèìîì ðåæèìå;
EPP âûñîêîñêîðîñòíîé äâóíàïðàâëåííûé
EPP ðåæèì Extended Parallel Port; ECP âûñîêî-
ECP ñêîðîñòíîé äâóíàïðàâëåííûé ðåæèì En-
hanced Capabilities Port

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Base I/O address 378 (default) (ïî óìîë÷à- Óñòàíîâêà áàçîâîãî àäðåñà ââîäà-âûâîäà
íèþ) ïàðàëëåëüíîãî ïîðòà
âûâîäà) 278
228
Interrupt IRQ 5 Óñòàíîâêà ïðåðûâàíèÿ ïàðàëëåëüíîãî ïîðòà
(Ïðåðûâàíèå) IRQ 7 (default) (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
Audio Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åíî) Âêëþ÷åíèå èëè îòêëþ÷åíèå èíòåãðèðîâàííîé
íà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòå àóäèîñèñòåìû
(Àóäèî) Enabled (default) (Âêëþ÷åíî
(ïî óìîë÷àíèþ))
Legacy USB Support Disabled (default) Âêëþ÷åíèå èëè îòêëþ÷åíèå ïîääåðæêè USB.
(Îòêëþ÷åíà (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)) Âêëþ÷åííàÿ ïîääåðæêà USB ïîçâîëÿåò èñ-
(Ïîääåðæêà USB)
ïîëüçîâàòü êëàâèàòóðó è ìûøü USB, íå çà-
Enabled (Âêëþ÷åíà)
ãðóæàÿ ïðè ýòîì äðàéâåðû îïåðàöèîííîé
ñèñòåìû
?keb gb h^bg ba ihke_^h\Zl_evguo beb iZjZee_evguo ihjlh\ g_ bkihevam_lky lh _]h
emqr_hldexqblvlZdbfh[jZahfhk\h[h`^Zyj_kmjkuêy^jm]bomkljhckl\
?keb\ubkihevam_l_deZ\bZlmjmbfurv86%\hi_jZpbhgghckbkl_f_dhlhjZyg_ih^^_j
`b\Z_l86%mkljhckl\gZijbf_j'26lhg_aZ[m^vl_Zdlb\babjh\Zlv boih^^_j`dm\%,26k
ihfhsvxmklZgh\dbagZq_gbyEnabled iZjZf_ljZLegacy USB SupportWlmih^^_j`dmfh`
ghhldexqblvijbbkihevah\Zgbb hi_jZpbhgguokbkl_f:LQGRZVbeb:LQGRZVlZddZd
g_h[oh^bfu_êyghjfZevghcjZ[hlu^jZc\_juaZ]jm`ZxlkyZ\lhfZlbq_kdb
>Z`_ _keb ih^^_j`dZ deZ\bZlmju b furb 86% \ %,26 hldexq_gZ bo fh`gh bkihevah
\ZlvêyjZ[hlukijh]jZffhc6HWXS%,26Gb`_ijb\_^_gkhdjZs_gguc Ze]hjblf aZ]jmadb
kbkl_fu\dhlhjhcmklZgh\e_guwlbmkljhckl\Z
1. Ijb\dexq_gbbdhfivxl_jZih^^_j`dZdeZ\bZlmjubfurb86%\%,26hldexq_gZ
2. GZqbgZ_l\uihegylvkyijhp_^mjZ3267
3. Ih^^_j`dZdeZ\bZlmjubfurb86%\j_f_gghZdlb\babjm_lky bbofh`ghbkihevah
\ZlvêyjZ[hlukijh]jZffhc6HWXS%,26
4. Ijhp_^mjZ3267aZ\_jrZ_ljZ[hlmbih^^_j`dZdeZ\bZlmjubfurb86%\%,26hl
dexqZ_lky
5. AZ]jm`Z_lkyhi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ>haZ]jmadb^jZc\_jh\86%mkljhckl\deZ\bZlmjZ
b furv 86% g_ hihagZxlky kbkl_fhc B lhevdh aZ]jmadZ ^jZc\_jh\ 86%mkljhckl\
ijb\h^blbo\jZ[hq__khklhygb_
I_j_^ mklZgh\dhc hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu g_ aZ[m^vl_ Zdlb\babjh\Zlv ih^^_j`dm 86%
mkljhckl\ \ %,26 AZl_f mklZgh\bl_ hi_jZpbhggmx kbkl_fm Ihke_ wlh]h ih^^_j`dm fh`gh
kgh\ZhldexqblvGhyg_j_dhf_g^mxwlh]h^_eZlvlZddZdijbaZ]jmad_\j_`bf_'26deZ
\bZlmjZbfurvg_[m^mljZ[hlZlv H[jZlbl_ \gbfZgb_ qlh g_ j_dhf_g^m_lky bkihevah\Zlv
h^gh\j_f_ggh deZ\bZlmjm86%bfurv36bebgZh[hjhlLZd`_ihfgbl_qlh\%,26ih^
^_j`b\Zxlky lhevdhdeZ\bZlmjZbfurv86%>ey^jm]bo86%mkljhckl\g_h[oh^bfh aZ]jm
`Zlvkhhl\_lkl\mxsb_ ^jZc\_ju

Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ IDE Configuration
K ihfhsvx wlbo iZjZf_ljh\ lZ[e fh`gh dhgnb]mjbjh\Zlv ,'(mkljhckl\Z gZ
ijbf_j`_kldb_^bkdbgZdhibl_eb&'520b/66XSHU'LVNgZdhibl_ebgZfZ]gblghc
e_gl_bl^
Òàáëèöà 5.14. Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ IDE Configuration
IDE Controller Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åí) Óñòàíîâêà èíòåãðèðîâàííîãî êîíòðîëëåðà
IDE. Çíà÷åíèå Primary àêòèâèçèðóåò ïåðâè÷-
(Êîíòðîëëåð IDE) Primary (Ïåðâè÷íûé)
íûé êîíòðîëëåð IDE; Secondary âòîðè÷íûé
Secondary (Âòîðè÷íûé) êîíòðîëëåð IDE; Both îáà êîíòðîëëåðà IDE
Both (default) (Îáà (ïî
Hard Disk Pre-Delay Disabled (default) Óñòàíîâêà çàäåðæêè èíèöèàëèçàöèè æåñòêî-
(Îòêëþ÷åíî (ïî óìîë- ãî äèñêà
(Çàäåðæêà èíèöèàëèçà-
÷àíèþ))
öèè æåñòêîãî äèñêà)
3 Seconds (3 ñ)
6 Seconds (6 ñ)
9 Seconds (9 ñ)
12 Seconds (12 ñ)
15 Seconds (15 ñ)
21 Seconds (21 ñ)
30 Seconds (30 ñ)
Primary IDE Master Íåò Îòîáðàæåíèå òèïà ïîäêëþ÷åííîãî
IDE-óñòðîéñòâà. Ïðè âûäåëåíèè ïîÿâëÿåòñÿ
(Âåäóùèé ïåðâè÷íûé IDE)
ïîäìåíþ Primary IDE Master
Primary IDE Slave Íåò Îòîáðàæåíèå òèïà ïîäêëþ÷åííîãî
(Âåäîìûé ïåðâè÷íûé IDE)
ïîäìåíþ Primary IDE Slave
Secondary IDE Master Íåò Îòîáðàæåíèå òèïà ïîäêëþ÷åííîãî
(Âåäóùèé âòîðè÷íûé IDE)
ïîäìåíþ Secondary IDE Master
Secondary IDE Slave Íåò Îòîáðàæåíèå òèïà ïîäêëþ÷åííîãî
(Âåäîìûé âòîðè÷íûé IDE)
ïîäìåíþ Secondary IDE Slave
G_dhlhju_`_kldb_^bkdb\fhf_gl\dexq_gbyiblZgbydhfivxl_jZg_]hlh\udjZ[hl_
ihwlhfmbfg_h[oh^bfZg_[hevrZyaZ^_j`dZêyihegh]hjZkdjmqb\Zgby ^\b]Zl_eyAZ]jmadZ
kbkl_fu[m^_lhleh`_gZgZ\_ebqbgmwlhcaZ^_j`db
Ïàðàìåòðû ïîäìåíþ IDE Configuration

< wlhf ih^f_gx \uihegy_lky dhgnb]mjbjh\Zgb_ dZ`^h]h mklZgh\e_ggh]h ,'(
mkljhckl\Z
GZb[he__ \Z`gufb \ ijh]jZff_ 6HWXS %,26 y\eyxlky iZjZf_lju `_kldh]h ^bkdZ <
[hevrbgkl\_ kh\j_f_gguo kbkl_fguoieZlmklZgh\e_gu^\Zdhgljhee_jZ,'(dhlhju_ih^
^_j`b\Zxl ^h q_luj_o mkljhckl\ < kh\j_f_gguo %,26 _klv \hafh`ghklv Z\lhhij_^_e_gby
mkljhckl\Z b _]h Z\lhfZlbq_kdhc dhgnb]mjZpbb GZebqb_ lZdhc \hafh`ghklb iha\hey_l ba
[_`Zlv hrb[hd ijb jmqghf \\h^_ iZjZf_ljh\ mkljhckl\Z Ijb Z\lhhij_^_e_gbb mkljhckl\Z

%,26ihkueZ_l_fmdhfZg^m,GHQWLI\'ULYHMkljhckl\h\hl\_lgZwlmdhfZg^mkhh[sZ_lbg
nhjfZpbx h k\hbo iZjZf_ljZo LZdbf h[jZahf ijhbkoh^bl Z\lhfZlbq_kdZy dhgnb]mjZpby
mkljhckl\Z?keb\u[jZlvagZq_gb_Auto êy`_kldh]h^bkdZlh_]hiZjZf_lju[m^mlhij_
^_eylvky ijb dZ`^hf aZimkd_ dhfivxl_jZ LZdbf kihkh[hf fh`gh [_a ijh[e_f ijZ\bevgh
kdhgnb]mjbjh\Zlv gh\h_,'(mkljhckl\h
Djhf_agZq_gbyiZjZf_ljZAuto\hfgh]bo%,26_klvlZ[ebpZkiZjZf_ljZfb ijbf_jgh
êy lbih\mkljhckl\<g_cêydZ`^h]hmkljhckl\Zhij_^_e_gudhebq_kl\hpbebg^jh\b
]heh\hdij_^dhjj_dpby aZibkbahgZiZjdh\dbbdhebq_kl\hk_dlhjh\QZs_\k_]h\wlhclZ[
ebp_kh^_j`Zlky^Zggu_h[mklZj_\rbofh^_eyo`_kldbo^bkdh\
<h \k_o %,26 fh`gh mklZgh\blv agZq_gb_ iZjZf_ljZ User beb User Defined Ijb wlhf
fh`gh\jmqgmx\\_klb\khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ iheyiZjZf_ljumkljhckl\Z_kebhgbba\_klgu
< aZ\bkbfhklb hl h[t_fZ `_kldh]h ^bkdZ êy g_]h fh`gh \u[jZlv j_`bf jZ[hlu²
Standard bLBAAgZq_gb_Standard bkihevam_lkyêymklZj_\rbofh^_e_c`_kldbo^bkdh\
h[t_fhf^hF[ZclWlhagZq_gb_iZjZf_ljZ\gZklhys__\j_fyijZdlbq_kdbg_bkihevam
_lky ihkdhevdm kh\j_f_ggu_ \_jkbb %,26 k ]h^Z ih^^_j`b\Zxl ^bkdb h[t_fhf ^h
=[Zcl
< lZ[e ijb\_^_gu iZjZf_lju ,'(mkljhckl\ hij_^_ey_fu_ \ %,26 kh\j_f_gguo
kbkl_fguoieZl
Òàáëèöà 5.15. Ïàðàìåòðû IDE-óñòðîéñòâ
Type None (Íåò) Óñòàíîâêà òèïà IDE-óñòðîéñòâ. Ïðè

(Òèï) âûáîðå çíà÷åíèÿ Auto îñòàëüíûå
ATAPI Removable (Ñúåìíîå óñòðîéñòâî
ïîëÿ çàïîëíÿþòñÿ àâòîìàòè÷åñêè â
ATAPI)
ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ ïàðàìåòðàìè óñò-
Other ATAPI (Äðóãîå óñòðîéñòâî ATAPI) ðîéñòâà
CD-ROM (Íàêîïèòåëü CD-ROM)
User (Îïðåäåëåííûé ïîëüçîâàòåëåì)
IDE Removable (Ñúåìíîå óñòðîéñòâî IDE)
Auto (default) (Àâòî (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ))
Maximum Capacity Íåò Îïðåäåëåíèå ìàêñèìàëüíîé åìêî-
ñòè æåñòêîãî äèñêà
(Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ
åìêîñòü)
Multi-Sector Trans- Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åíà) Îïðåäåëåíèå êîëè÷åñòâà ñåêòîðîâ
fers 2 Sectors (2 ñåêòîðà) â áëîêå, ïåðåäàâàåìûõ â ïàìÿòü.
Òî÷íîå çíà÷åíèå ýòîãî ïàðàìåòðà
(Ìíîãîñåêòîðíàÿ 4 Sectors (4 ñåêòîðà)
ìîæíî íàéòè â ñïåöèôèêàöèè ê
ïåðåäà÷à äàííûõ) 8 Sectors (8 ñåêòîðîâ) æåñòêîìó äèñêó
16 Sectors (16 ñåêòîðîâ))
LBA Mode Control Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åíî) Àêòèâèçàöèÿ óïðàâëåíèÿ ðåæèìîì
Enabled (Âêëþ÷åíî) LBA
(Óïðàâëåíèå ðåæè-
ìîì LBA)
Transfer Mode Standard (Ñòàíäàðòíûé) Óñòàíîâêà ìåòîäà ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ
(Ðåæèì ïåðåäà÷è) Fast PIO 1
Fast PIO 2
Fast PIO 3
Fast PIO 4
FPIO 3/DMA 1
FPIO 4/DMA 2

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Ultra DMA Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åí) Óñòàíîâêà ðåæèìà Ultra DMA

(Ðåæèì Ultra DMA) Mode 0
Mode 1
Mode 2
<[hevrbgkl\_ kemqZ_\ijb\u[hj_agZq_gby Autodhgnb]mjZpby `_kldh]h^bkdZ\uihe

gy_lkydhjj_dlghIh\hafh`ghklb \k_]^ZmklZgZ\eb\Zcl_ wlhagZq_gb_ihkdhevdmg_h[oh^b
fZyêydhgnb]mjbjh\Zgby bgnhjfZpbyaZijZrb\Z_lky g_ihkj_^kl\_ggh mmkljhckl\ZGZhk
gh\_ihemq_gguo^Zgguo%,26gZkljZb\Z_lmkljhckl\hgZfZdkbfZevgh_[ukljh^_ckl\b_
?kebm\Zk\hagbdg_l`_eZgb_ihwdki_jbf_glbjh\Zlv kiZjZf_ljZfb `_kldh]h^bkdZ\u
[bjZcl_ agZq_gb_ User b \\h^bl_ \ khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ ihey g_h[oh^bfu_ agZq_gby H^gZdh
ihfgbl_ijblZdhf³jmqghfdhgnb]mjbjh\Zgbb ´fh`gh\\_klbg_\_jgu_iZjZf_ljuqlhbeb
ijb\_^_l d kgb`_gbx ijhba\h^bl_evghklb beb \ om^r_f kemqZ_ kbkl_fZ ijhklh g_ aZ]jm
ablky
Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Floppy Configuration

<wlhff_gxfh`ghmklZgh\blviZjZf_lju^bkdh\h^ZlZ[e
Òàáëèöà 5.16. Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Floppy Configuration
Floppy Disk Controller Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åí) Àêòèâèçàöèÿ èíòåãðèðî-

âàííîãî íà ñèñòåìíîé ïëà-
(Êîíòðîëëåð äèñêîâîäà) Enabled (default) (Âêëþ÷åí (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ))
òå êîíòðîëëåðà äèñêîâîäà
Auto (Àâòî)
Diskette A: Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åí) Óñòàíîâêà åìêîñòè è ôèçè-
÷åñêèõ ðàçìåðîâ äèñêà äëÿ
(Äèñê A:) 360KB, 5 1/4-inch (360 Êáàéò, 5,25 äþéìà)
äèñêîâîäà A:
1.2MB, 5 1/4-inch (1,2 Ìáàéò, 5,25 äþéìà)
720KB, 3 1/2-inch (720 Êáàéò, 3,5 äþéìà)
1.44MB, 3 1/2-inch (default) (1,44 Ìáàéò, 3,
5 äþéìà (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ))
2.88MB, 3 1/2-inch (2,88 Ìáàéò, 3,5 äþéìà)
Floppy Write Protect Disabled (default) (Îòêëþ÷åíà (ïî óìîë÷à- Óñòàíîâêà çàùèòû îò çàïè-
íèþ)) ñè äèñêà äëÿ äèñêîâîäà A:
(Çàùèòà îò çàïèñè)
Enabled (Âêëþ÷åíà)
MklZgh\b\aZsblmhlaZibkb^bkd_lufh`gh ij_^hl\jZlblv g_kZgdpbhgbjh\Zggh_ dhib

jh\Zgb_dhgnb^_gpbZevguo ^ZgguobebaZjZ`_gb_^bkd_lu\bjmkZfbdhlhju_fh]ml[ulv\
wlhckbkl_f_
Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ DMI Events Logging

'0,'HVNWRS0DQDJHPHQW,QWHUIDFH²ki_pbZevguc ijhlhdhekihfhsvxdhlhjh]hijh
]jZffgh_h[_ki_q_gb_ fh`_l\aZbfh^_ckl\h\Zlv kkbkl_fghcieZlhcBkihevamy'0,Z^fb
gbkljZlhjfh`_lm^Ze_gghihemqblvbgnhjfZpbx hkbkl_f_>eybkihevah\Zgby wlh]hk\hc
kl\Z g_h[oh^bfh mklZgh\blv ijh]jZffm ,QWHO /$1'HVN &OLHQW 0DQDJHU k ihfhsvx dhlhjhc
fh`ghihemqblvke_^mxsmxbgnhjfZpbx

^Zggu_%,26gZijbf_j^Zlmihke_^g_]hh[gh\e_gby%,26b__l_dmsmx\_jkbx
kbkl_fgu_^Zggu_gZijbf_jlbimklZgh\e_ggh]h h[hjm^h\Zgby
^Zggu_ h j_kmjkZo kbkl_fu gZijbf_j h[t_f mklZgh\e_gghc iZfylb h[t_f dwr
iZfylbblbiijhp_kkhjZ
^bgZfbq_kdb_ ^Zggu_ gZijbf_j ij_^mij_`^Zxsb_ khh[s_gby h[ hldjulbb dhjimkZ
bebhrb[dZoiZfylb
<lZ[eijb\_^_guiZjZf_ljuf_gxDMI Events Logging
Òàáëèöà 5.17. Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ DMI Events Logging
Event log capacity Íåò Óñòàíîâêà îáúåìà ôàéëà

(Îáúåì æóðíàëà ñîáûòèé) æóðíàëà ñîáûòèé
Event log validity Íåò Ïðîâåðêà ñîäåðæèìîãî

(Ïðîâåðêà æóðíàëà ñîáûòèé) æóðíàëà ñîáûòèé
View DMI event log Íåò Àêòèâèçàöèÿ ïðîñìîòðà

(Ïðîñìîòð æóðíàëà ñîáûòèé DMI) æóðíàëà ñîáûòèé DMI
Clear all DMI event logs No (default) (Íåò (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)) Î÷èñòêà æóðíàëà ñîáû-
(Î÷èñòêà æóðíàëà ñîáûòèé DMI) Yes (Äà) òèé DMI ïîñëå ïåðåçà-
ãðóçêè
Event Logging Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åíî) Âåäåíèå æóðíàëà ñîáû-
(Âåäåíèå æóðíàëà ñîáûòèé) òèé DMI
Enabled (default) (Âêëþ÷åíî (ïî
ECC Event Logging Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åíî) Âåäåíèå æóðíàëà ñîáû-
(Âåäåíèå æóðíàëà ñîáûòèé ECC) òèé ECC
Enabled (default) (Âêëþ÷åíî (ïî
Mark DMI events as read Íåò Ïîìåòèòü âñå ñîáûòèÿ
(Ïîìåòèòü âñå ñîáûòèÿ êàê ïðî÷è- DMI êàê ïðî÷èòàííûå
òàííûå)
H[jZlbl_hkh[h_\gbfZgb_gZiZjZf_ljuwlh]h\_kvfZihe_agh]hf_gxGZijbf_jkih
fhsvxhibkZgguokj_^kl\fh`gh\uy\blvZiiZjZlgmxijbqbgmqZkluok[h_\kbkl_fu
Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Video Configuration

<wlhff_gxfh`ghmklZgh\blviZjZf_lju\b^_hkbkl_fu lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 5.18. Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Video Configuration
Palette Snooping Disabled (default) (Îòêëþ÷åíà (ïî Óïðàâëåíèå êîððåêòèðîâêîé ïà-

óìîë÷àíèþ)) ëèòðû PCI-âèäåîàäàïòåðà ïðè èñ-
(Êîððåêòèðîâêà ïàëèòðû)
Enabled (Âêëþ÷åíà) ïîëüçîâàíèè äðóãèõ âèäåîàäàï-
òåðîâ, íàïðèìåð ISA
AGP Aperture Size 64MB (default) (64 Ìáàéò (ïî Óñòàíîâêà ðàçìåðà àïåðòóðû AGP
(Ðàçìåð ãðàôè÷åñêîé àïåð-
òóðû äëÿ AGP) 256MB (256 Ìáàéò)

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Default Primary Video PCI Óñòàíîâêà âèäåîàäàïòåðà, êîòî-

Adapter ðûé áóäåò èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ ïî
AGP (default) (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ) óìîë÷àíèþ â êà÷åñòâå îñíîâíî-
(Îñíîâíîé âèäåîàäàïòåð ïî
ãî, ò.å. ïðè çàãðóçêå
óìîë÷àíèþ)
Wlh f_gx hkh[_ggh ihe_agh ijb jZ[hl_ k ^\mfy fhgblhjZfb \ :LQGRZV beb
:LQGRZV KihfhsvxiZjZf_ljh\wlh]hf_gxh^bgbafhgblhjh\fh`gh\u[jZlv\dZ
q_kl\_hkgh\gh]hl_hg[m^_lhlh[jZ`ZlvbgnhjfZpbx ijbaZ]jmad_kbkl_fu
Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Resource Configuration

<wlhff_gx_]hiZjZf_ljuijb\_^_gu\lZ[edhgnb]mjbjm_lky bkihevah\Zgb_ iZ
fylbbij_ju\Zgbc,6$mkljhckl\dhlhju_g_m^h\e_l\hjyxlki_pbnbdZpbb 3OXJDQG3OD\
Òàáëèöà 5.19. Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Resource Configuration
Memory Reservation C800 CBFF Available (default) | Reserved (C800 CBFF Ðåçåðâèðîâàíèå
Äîñòóïíà (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ) | Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíà) áëîêîâ âåðõíåé ïà-
(Ðåçåðâèðîâàíèå
ìÿòè äëÿ èñïîëüçî-
ïàìÿòè) CC00 CFFF Available (default) | Reserved (CC00 CFFF
âàíèÿ ISA-
Äîñòóïíà (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ) | Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíà)
óñòðîéñòâàìè
D000 D3FF Available (default) | Reserved (D000 D3FF
D400 D7FF Available (default) | Reserved (D400 D7FF
D800 DBFF Available (default) | Reserved (D800 DBFF
DC00 DFFF Available (default) | Reserved (DC00 DFFF
IRQ Reservation IRQ3 Available (default) | Reserved (IRQ3 Äîñòóïíî (ïî Ðåçåðâèðîâàíèå
óìîë÷àíèþ) | Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî) îïðåäåëåííûõ ïðå-
(Ðåçåðâèðîâàíèå
ðûâàíèé äëÿ èñ-
IRQ) IRQ4 Available IRQ (default) | Reserved (IRQ4 Äîñòóïíî
ïîëüçîâàíèÿ ISA-
(ïî óìîë÷àíèþ) | Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî)
óñòðîéñòâàìè. Ñèì-
IRQ5 Available (default) | Reserved (IRQ5 Äîñòóïíî (ïî âîë * âîçëå ïðåðû-
óìîë÷àíèþ) | Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî) âàíèÿ ïîêàçûâàåò,
IRQ7 Available (default) | Reserved (IRQ7 Äîñòóïíî (ïî ÷òî ñóùåñòâóåò
óìîë÷àíèþ) | Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî) êîíôëèêò ñ äðóãèì
óñòðîéñòâîì
IRQ10 Available (default) | Reserved (IRQ10 Äîñòóïíî
IRQ11 Available (default) | Reserved (IRQ11 Äîñòóïíî
H[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_qlhijb\_^_ggu_iZjZf_ljuhlghkylky lhevdh d l_f ,6$mkljhckl\Zf

dhlhju_g_m^h\e_l\hjyxl ki_pbnbdZpbb 3OXJDQG3OD\<k_,6$b3&,mkljhckl\Zm^h\e_l\h
jyxsb_ki_pbnbdZpbb 3OXJDQG3OD\dhgnb]mjbjmxlky kihfhsvxhi_jZpbhgghckbkl_fubeb
ijh]jZffgh]h h[_ki_q_gbyihklZ\ey_fh]h kwlbfbmkljhckl\Zfb
MklZgh\db hibkZgguo iZjZf_ljh\ êy ghjfZevghc jZ[hlu mkljhckl\Z g_^hklZlhqgh ²
g_h[oh^bfh _s_mklZgh\blvkhhl\_lkl\mxsb_ i_j_fuqdbbebi_j_dexqZl_eb gZkZfhcieZl_

IjblZdhcgZkljhcd_³kljhilb\h]h ´mkljhckl\Z\k_hklZevgu_mkljhckl\Zm^h\e_l\hjyxsb_
ki_pbnbdZpbb 3OXJDQG3OD\g_[m^mlbkihevah\Zlv _]hj_kmjku
?keb\kbkl_f_g_lmkljhckl\g_m^h\e_l\hjyxsbo ki_pbnbdZpbb 3OXJDQG3OD\lhgbdZ
db_j_kmjkuj_a_j\bjh\Zlv g_gm`gh
< g_dhlhjuo kbkl_fguo ieZlZo bgh]^Z lj_[m_lky ^hihegbl_evgZy gZkljhcdZ mkljhckl\
3OXJDQG3OD\brbgu3&,G_h[oh^bfu_ êywlh]hiZjZf_ljuijb\_^_gu\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 5.20. Ïàðàìåòðû äëÿ íàñòðîéêè óñòðîéñòâ Plug and Play è øèíû PCI
DMA n Assigned to Ïðè ðó÷íîì óïðàâëåíèè ðåñóðñàìè, íàçíà÷üòå êàæäûé êà-

íàë DMA äëÿ îäíîãî èç ñëåäóþùèõ òèïîâ óñòðîéñòâ:
(Êàíàë DMA n íàçíà÷åí...)
ISA-óñòðîéñòâà, ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå ñïåöèôèêàöèè PC AT
(íåîáõîäèì îòäåëüíûé êàíàë DMA);
PCI- èëè ISA-óñòðîéñòâà, óäîâëåòâîðÿþùèå ñïåöèôèêàöèè
Plug and Play (àâòîìàòè÷åñêàÿ íàñòðîéêà)
PCI IRQ Activated by Îïðåäåëÿåò, êàê êîíòðîëëåð ïðåðûâàíèé ðåàãèðóåò íà ñèã-
íàë óðîâåíü èëè ïåðåïàä
(Ïðåðûâàíèÿ àêòèâèçèðóþòñÿ...)
PCI IDE IRQ Map to Ïîçâîëÿåò îñâîáîäèòü ïðåðûâàíèÿ, çàíèìàåìûå êîíòðîëëå-
ðîì IDE íà øèíå PCI â ñëó÷àå åãî îòñóòñòâèÿ (èëè îòêëþ÷å-
(Ïðåðûâàíèÿ êîíòðîëëåðà IDE íà PCI
íèÿ) íà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòå è ïåðåäàòü èõ â èñïîëüçîâàíèå ISA-
îòîáðàæàþòñÿ...)
óñòðîéñòâàì. Ñòàíäàðòíûå ïðåðûâàíèÿ äëÿ ISA IRQ14 äëÿ
ïåðâîãî êàíàëà è IRQ15 äëÿ âòîðîãî êàíàëà
Primary/Secondary IDE INT# Êàæäîå PCI-óñòðîéñòâî ìîæåò ðàáîòàòü ñ îäíèì èç ÷åòûðåõ
ïðåðûâàíèé: INT# A, INT# B, INT# C è INT# D. Ïî óìîë÷à-
(Ïðåðûâàíèå INT# ïåðâè÷íî-
íèþ èñïîëüçóåòñÿ INT# A. Ïîñêîëüêó èíòåðôåéñ PCI IDE â
ãî/âòîðè÷íîãî IDE)
íàáîðå ìèêðîñõåì ñèñòåìíîé ëîãèêè èìååò äâà êàíàëà, íå-
îáõîäèìî âûäåëèòü äâà ïðåðûâàíèÿ. Îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå,
÷òî âñå îäíîôóíêöèîíàëüíûå PCI-àäàïòåðû îáû÷íî èñïîëü-
çóþò ïðåðûâàíèå INT# A
Used Mem base addr Óñòàíîâêà áàçîâîãî àäðåñà äëÿ îáëàñòè ïàìÿòè, èñïîëüçóå-
ìîé óñòðîéñòâîì, êîòîðîìó íåîáõîäèìà îáëàñòü âåðõíåé
(Áàçîâûé àäðåñ)
ïàìÿòè
Used Mem Length Óñòàíîâêà äëèíû îáëàñòè ïàìÿòè, îïðåäåëåííîé â ïðåäûäó-
ùåì ïîëå. Ýòî ïîëå íå ïîÿâëÿåòñÿ, åñëè íå âûáðàí áàçîâûé
(Äëèíà)
àäðåñ
Assign IRQ for USB Óñòàíîâèòå çíà÷åíèå Enabled, åñëè â ñèñòåìå èñïîëüçóþòñÿ
USB-óñòðîéñòâà. Óñòàíîâèòå çíà÷åíèå Disabled, åñëè ýòè
(Íàçíà÷åíèå ïðåðûâàíèÿ äëÿ USB)
óñòðîéñòâà â ñèñòåìå íå óñòàíîâëåíû, è òîãäà îñâîáîäèòñÿ
ïðåðûâàíèå, êîòîðîå ìîæíî èñïîëüçîâàòü äëÿ äðóãèõ óñò-
ðîéñòâ
Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Security

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e_gbyaZ]jmadhcdhfivxl_jZ
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f_ljZf%,26ihevah\Zl_ex [m^_lhldZaZgh

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^hklmiZdijh]jZff_6HWXS%,26
<lZ[eijb\_^_guiZjZf_ljuf_gxSecurity
Òàáëèöà 5.21. Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Security
User Password Is Íåò Îòîáðàæåíèå ïàðîëÿ òèïà User

(Ïàðîëü òèïà User)
Supervisor Password Is Íåò Îòîáðàæåíèå ïàðîëÿ òèïà Supervi-
sor password
(Ïàðîëü òèïà Supervisor)
Set User Password Äëèíà ïàðîëÿ äîëæíà áûòü Óñòàíîâêà ïàðîëÿ òèïà User
áîëüøå ñåìè áóêâåííî-
(Óñòàíîâèòü ïàðîëü òèïà User)
öèôðîâûõ ñèìâîëîâ
Set Supervisor Password Äëèíà ïàðîëÿ äîëæíà áûòü Óñòàíîâêà ïàðîëÿ òèïà Supervisor
áîëüøå ñåìè áóêâåííî-
(Óñòàíîâèòü ïàðîëü òèïà Su-
öèôðîâûõ ñèìâîëîâ
pervisor)
Clear User Password Íåò Óäàëåíèå ïàðîëÿ òèïà User
(Óäàëèòü ïàðîëü òèïà User)
User Setup Access None (Íåò) Óïðàâëåíèå äîñòóïîì ê ïàðàìåò-
ðàì ïðîãðàììû Setup BIOS
(Óðîâåíü äîñòóïà ïîëüçîâà- View Only (Òîëüêî ïðîñìîòð)
òåëÿ)
Limited Access
(Îãðàíè÷åííûé äîñòóï)
Full Access (default) (Ïîëíûé
äîñòóï (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ))
Unattended Start Disabled (default) (Îòêëþ÷åí Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled
(ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)) êîìïüþòåð çàãðóçèòñÿ, íî êëàâèà-
(Àâòîìàòè÷åñêèé çàïóñê)
òóðà áóäåò çàáëîêèðîâàíà. Ïîëüçî-
Enabled (Âêëþ÷åí)
âàòåëü äîëæåí ââåñòè ïàðîëü íà
íåçàáëîêèðîâàííîì êîìïüþòåðå
èëè æå çàãðóæàòüñÿ ñ äèñêåòû
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f_klh<k_iZjZf_lju\lhfqbke_biZjheb\&026iZfylb[m^mlkl_jlu
Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Power Management

MijZ\e_gb_iblZgb_f²wlhZ\lhfZlbq_kdbc i_j_\h^dhfivxl_jZgZihgb`_ggh_wg_j]h
ihlj_[e_gb_ \ i_jbhû g_Zdlb\ghklb < gZklhys__ \j_fy kms_kl\m_l ^\_ kbkl_fu mijZ\e_
gby iblZgb_f $30 $GYDQFHG 3RZHU 0DQDJHPHQW dhlhjZy ih^^_j`b\Z_lky ijZdlbq_kdb
\k_fb kbkl_fZfb gZqbgZy k kbkl_f gZ [Za_ ijhp_kkhjh\ b b $&3, $GYDQFHG &RQ

ILJXUDWLRQ DQG 3RZHU ,QWHUIDFH bkihevam_fZy \h \k_o gh\uo dhfivxl_jZo gZqbgZy k
]h^Z Hlebqb_ f_`^m wlbfb kbkl_fZfb ke_^mxs__ \ $30 hkgh\gZy jhev mijZ\e_gby
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< lZ[e ijb\_^_gu bkihevam_fu_ [hevrbgkl\hf %,26 iZjZf_lju mijZ\e_gby iblZ
gb_f
Òàáëèöà 5.22. Ïàðàìåòðû óïðàâëåíèÿ ïèòàíèåì, èñïîëüçóåìûå
â áîëüøèíñòâå BIOS
Power Management Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åíî) Àêòèâèçàöèÿ ñðåäñòâ óïðàâ-

ëåíèÿ ïèòàíèåì
(Óïðàâëåíèå ïèòàíèåì) Enabled (default) (Âêëþ÷åíî (ïî
Inactivity Timer Off (default) (Âûêëþ÷åí (ïî óìîë÷à- Óñòàíîâêà èíòåðâàëà âðåìå-
íèþ)) íè, ïî èñòå÷åíèè êîòîðîãî
(Òàéìåð íåàêòèâíîñòè)
êîìïüþòåð ïåðåõîäèò â ðå-
1 Minute (1 ìèí)
æèì îæèäàíèÿ
5 Minutes (5 ìèí)
Hard Drive Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åíî) Óïðàâëåíèå ïåðåõîäîì æå-
ñòêîãî äèñêà â ðåæèì îæè-
(Óïðàâëåíèå æåñòêèì äèñêîì) Enabled (default) (Âêëþ÷åíî (ïî
äàíèÿ èëè ïðèîñòàíîâêè
VESA Video Power Down Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åíî) Óïðàâëåíèå ýíåðãîïîòðåá-
ëåíèåì âèäåîñèñòåìû
(Óïðàâëåíèå âèäåî) Standby (default) (Îæèäàíèå (ïî
Suspend (Ïðèîñòàíîâêà)
Sleep (Îòêëþ÷åíèå)
Fan Always On No (default) (Íåò (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)) Óïðàâëåíèå âåíòèëÿòîðîì â
ðàçëè÷íûõ ðåæèìàõ ýíåðãî-
(Âåíòèëÿòîð âñåãäà àêòèâåí) Yes (Äà)
ïîòðåáëåíèÿ
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ihlj_[e_gb_ beb \udexqZ_l \b^_hkbkl_fu fhgblhj ^he`_g khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ki_pbnbdZ
pbb 9(6$ '306² 'LVSOD\ 3RZHU 0DQDJHPHQW 6LJQDOLQJ < wlhf j_`bf_ kbkl_fZ qm\kl\b
l_evgZdh\g_rgbf\ha^_ckl\byf l_hgZj_Z]bjm_lgZgZ`Zlb_deZ\bri_j_f_s_gb_ furb
kb]gZeunZdkfh^_fZbebk_l_\h]hZ^Zil_jZIhy\e_gb_h^gh]hbahibkZgguokh[ulbc ijb
\_^_ldg_f_ê_gghc Zdlb\baZpbbfhgblhjZ
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mijZ\e_gbyiblZgb_fb[_j_lgZk_[y\k_nmgdpbbjZg__\uihegy\rb_ky %,26;he__gh\Zy
ki_pbnbdZpby mijZ\e_gby iblZgb_f dhlhjZy l_kgh k\yaZgZ dZd k ZiiZjZlguf lZd b k ijh
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Òàáëèöà 5.23 Ïàðàìåòðû ñèñòåìû óïðàâëåíèÿ ïèòàíèåì ACPI
ACPI Function Åñëè êîìïüþòåð ñîîòâåòñòâóåò ñïåöèôèêàöèè ACPI, óñòàíàâëè-

âàéòå çíà÷åíèå Enabled. Â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ Windows 98 è Win-
(Ôóíêöèè ACPI)
dows 2000 ïîääåðæèâàþò ACPI
Power Management Ñ åãî ïîìîùüþ âûáèðàåòñÿ ðåæèì ïîíèæåííîãî ýíåðãîïîòðåá-
ëåíèÿ. Ìîæåò ïðèíèìàòü ñëåäóþùèå çíà÷åíèÿ:
(Óïðàâëåíèå ïèòàíèåì)
Max Saving ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ ýêîíîìèÿ ýíåðãèè; ïåðèîä íåàê-
òèâíîñòè 1 ìèí â êàæäîì ðåæèìå;
User Define èíäèâèäóàëüíûå íàñòðîéêè äëÿ êàæäîãî ðåæèìà;
Min Saving ìèíèìàëüíàÿ ýêîíîìèÿ ýíåðãèè
PM Control by APM Åñëè â êîìïüþòåðå óñòàíîâëåíà ñèñòåìà APM, âûáåðèòå çíà÷å-
íèå Yes äëÿ ëó÷øåãî óïðàâëåíèÿ ýíåðãîïîòðåáëåíèåì
(Óïðàâëåíèå ñ ïîìîùüþ APM)
Video Off Method Óñòàíîâêà ñïîñîáà îòêëþ÷åíèÿ ìîíèòîðà
(Ìåòîä îòêëþ÷åíèÿ âèäåî)
V/H SYNC+Blank Ñèñòåìà îòêëþ÷àåò âåðòèêàëüíóþ è ãîðèçîíòàëüíóþ ñèíõðîíè-
çàöèþ è î÷èùàåò âèäåîáóôåð
DPMS Support Èñïîëüçóéòå ýòîò ïàðàìåòð â òîì ñëó÷àå, åñëè ìîíèòîð ñîîò-
âåòñòâóåò ñòàíäàðòó VESA DPMS
(Ïîääåðæêà DPMS)
Blank Screen Î÷èùåíèå âèäåîáóôåðà
(Ïóñòîé ýêðàí)
Video Off After Ïðè ïåðåõîäå â áîëåå ýêîíîìíûé ðåæèì áóäåò îòêëþ÷àòüñÿ ìî-
íèòîð
(Âèäåî îòêëþ÷àåòñÿ ïîñëå...)
MODEM Use IRQ Ýòî ïðåðûâàíèå àêòèâíî âî âñåõ ðåæèìàõ ïîíèæåííîãî ýíåðãî-
ïîòðåáëåíèÿ
(Ïðåðûâàíèå ìîäåìà)
Doze Mode Ïîñëå âûáðàííîãî ïåðèîäà íåàêòèâíîñòè ðàáî÷àÿ ÷àñòîòà ïðî-
öåññîðà ñíèæàåòñÿ (äëÿ áîëüøèíñòâà íàáîðîâ ìèêðîñõåì ìîæíî
(Ðåæèì ñíèæåíèÿ ðàáî÷åé ÷àñòî-
óñòàíàâëèâàòü çíà÷åíèå, ðàâíîå 1025% íîìèíàëüíîé ÷àñòîòû).
òû ïðîöåññîðà)
Âñå îñòàëüíûå óñòðîéñòâà íå âûïîëíÿþò ýòó ïðîöåäóðó
Standby Mode Ïîñëå âûáðàííîãî ïåðèîäà íåàêòèâíîñòè îòêëþ÷àåòñÿ ãåíåðà-
òîð òàêòîâîé ÷àñòîòû, æåñòêèé äèñê ïåðåõîäèò â ðåæèì îæèäà-
(Ðåæèì îæèäàíèÿ)
íèÿ è ñíèæàåòñÿ ýíåðãîïîòðåáëåíèå êýø-ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî óðîâ-
íÿ. Âñå îñòàëüíûå óñòðîéñòâà íå âûïîëíÿþò ýòó ïðîöåäóðó
Suspend Mode Ïîñëå âûáðàííîãî ïåðèîäà íåàêòèâíîñòè íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì ïåðå-
âîäèò àïïàðàòíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå â ðåæèì îòêëþ÷åíèÿ, ãåíåðàòîð
(Ðåæèì îòêëþ÷åíèÿ)
òàêòîâîé ÷àñòîòû è âñå ýíåðãîåìêèå óñòðîéñòâà îòêëþ÷àþòñÿ
HDD Power Down Ïîñëå âûáðàííîãî ïåðèîäà íåàêòèâíîñòè âñå IDE-óñòðîéñòâà,
óäîâëåòâîðÿþùèå ñïåöèôèêàöèè ATA-2 è âûøå, ïåðåõîäÿò â
(Îòêëþ÷åíèå æåñòêîãî äèñêà)
ðåæèì ïîíèæåííîãî ýíåðãîïîòðåáëåíèÿ, à ïî ïðîøåñòâèè îï-
ðåäåëåííîãî âðåìåíè â ðåæèì îæèäàíèÿ
Throttle Duty Cycle Â ðåæèìå ñíèæåíèÿ ðàáî÷åé ÷àñòîòû ïðîöåññîðà ãåíåðàòîð ðà-
áîòàåò íå ïîñòîÿííî. Çíà÷åíèå ýòîãî ïàðàìåòðà îïðåäåëÿåò (â
(Óìåíüøåíèå âðåìåíè àêòèâíî-
ïðîöåíòàõ) ïðîìåæóòîê âðåìåíè, â òå÷åíèå êîòîðîãî ãåíåðàòîð
ñòè ãåíåðàòîðà)
àêòèâåí

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VGA Active Monitor Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled òàéìåð ðåæèìà îæèäàíèÿ çà-
íîâî çàïóñêàåòñÿ
(Ìîíèòîð àêòèâíîñòè VGA)
Soft-Off by PWR-BTTN Óïðàâëåíèå ðàáîòîé êíîïêè ïèòàíèÿ. Ìîæåò ðàáîòàòü êàê
îáû÷íàÿ êíîïêà âûêëþ÷åíèÿ ïèòàíèÿ ñ ïðîãðàììíûì óïðàâëå-
(Ïðîãðàììíîå óïðàâëåíèå êíîï-
íèåì; íàæàòèå ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòüþ ìåíåå 4 ñ ïåðåâåäåò êîì-
êîé ïèòàíèÿ)
ïüþòåð â ðåæèì îòêëþ÷åíèÿ
CPUFAN Off in Suspend Çíà÷åíèå Enabled óñòàíàâëèâàåò äëÿ âåíòèëÿòîðà ïðîöåññîðà
ðåæèì îòêëþ÷åíèÿ
(Ðåæèì îòêëþ÷åíèÿ âåíòèëÿòîðà)
Resume by Ring Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled âõîäÿùèé òåëåôîííûé çâîíîê
àêòèâèçèðóåò ñèñòåìó
(Àêòèâèçàöèÿ ïðè âõîäÿùåì
çâîíêå)
Resume by Alarm Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled ñèñòåìà àêòèâèçèðóåòñÿ â îï-
ðåäåëåííûé ìîìåíò âðåìåíè
(Àêòèâèçàöèÿ ïî âðåìåíè)
Date (of Month) Alarm Äàòà àêòèâèçàöèè ñèñòåìû
(Äàòà)
Time (hh:mm:ss) Âðåìÿ àêòèâèçàöèè ñèñòåìû
(Âðåìÿ)
Wake Up On LAN Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled ñèñòåìà àêòèâèçèðóåòñÿ ïîñëå
äîñòóïà ê êîìïüþòåðó èç ëîêàëüíîé ñåòè
(Àêòèâèçàöèÿ ïðè äîñòóïå èç ëî-
êàëüíîé ñåòè)
IRQ8 Break [Event From] Suspend Àêòèâèçàöèÿ ñèñòåìû îò ÷àñîâ ðåàëüíîãî âðåìåíè, óïðàâëÿåìûõ
ïðåðûâàíèåì IRQ8
(Àêòèâèçàöèÿ IRQ8)
Reload Global Timer Events Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled ñîáûòèÿ ñëåäóþùèõ óñòðîéñòâ
ïðèâåäóò ê àêòèâèçàöèè ñèñòåìû: IRQ3-7, 9-15, NMI
(Ñîáûòèÿ àêòèâèçàöèè ñèñòåìû)
(ïðåðûâàíèÿ IRQ3-7, 9-15, íåìàñêèðóåìûå ïðåðûâàíèÿ); Primary
IDE 0 (ïåðâè÷íûé IDE 0); Primary IDE 1 (âòîðè÷íûé IDE 1); Sec-
ondary IDE 0 (âòîðè÷íûé IDE 0); Secondary IDE 1 (âòîðè÷íûé
IDE 1); Floppy Disk (äèñêîâîä); Serial Port (ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé
ïîðò); Parallel Port (ïàðàëëåëüíûé ïîðò)
Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Boot

<wlhff_gxhij_^_eyxlky iZjZf_ljuijhp_kkZaZ]jmadbkbkl_fulZ[e
Òàáëèöà 5.24. Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Boot
Boot-time Diagnostic Screen Disabled (default) (Îòêëþ÷åí (ïî Îòîáðàæåíèå äèàãíîñòè÷åñêî-

óìîë÷àíèþ)) ãî ýêðàíà âî âðåìÿ çàãðóçêè
(Îòîáðàæåíèå äèàãíîñòè÷åñêî-
ãî ýêðàíà âî âðåìÿ çàãðóçêè) Enabled (Âêëþ÷åí)
Quick Boot Mode Disabled (Îòêëþ÷åí) Êîìïüþòåð çàãðóæàåòñÿ áåç
âûïîëíåíèÿ íåêîòîðûõ òåñòîâ
(Ðåæèì áûñòðîé çàãðóçêè) Enabled (default) (Âêëþ÷åí (ïî
ïðîöåäóðû POST

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Scan User Flash Area Disabled (default) (Îòêëþ÷åí (ïî Ïîçâîëÿåò BIOS ïðîñìàòðèâàòü
(Ïðîñìîòð ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêîé óìîë÷àíèþ)) Flash-ïàìÿòü äëÿ ïîèñêà ïîëü-
îáëàñòè ïàìÿòè) Enabled (Âêëþ÷åí) çîâàòåëüñêèõ áèíàðíûõ ôàé-
ëîâ, êîòîðûå äîëæíû áûòü çà-
ïóùåíû âî âðåìÿ çàãðóçêè
After Power Failure Power On (Ïèòàíèå âêëþ÷åíî) Óñòàíàâëèâàåò ïîâåäåíèå ñèñ-
(Ïîâåäåíèå ïîñëå ñáîÿ Stay Off (Âûêëþ÷åíî) òåìû ïîñëå âíåçàïíîãî îòêëþ-
ïèòàíèÿ) ÷åíèÿ ïèòàíèÿ â ñåòè. Çíà÷å-
Last State (default) (Ïîñëåäíåå
íèå Power On âêëþ÷àåò êîì-
ñîñòîÿíèå (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ))
ïüþòåð; Stay Off êîìïüþòåð
ìîæåò áûòü âêëþ÷åí òîëüêî
ïðè íàæàòèè êíîïêè ïèòàíèÿ;
Last State âîññòàíàâëèâàåò
ñîñòîÿíèå, â êîòîðîì íàõîäè-
ëàñü ñèñòåìà ïåðåä èñ÷åçíîâå-
íèåì ïèòàíèÿ â ñåòè
On Modem Ring Stay Off (Íå èçìåíÿåòñÿ) Îïðåäåëÿåò ïîâåäåíèå ñèñòåìû
(Ïîâåäåíèå ïðè âõîäÿùåì Power On (default) (Âêëþ÷àåòñÿ ïðè âõîäÿùåì òåëåôîííîì
çâîíêå) ïèòàíèå (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)) çâîíêå
On LAN Stay Off (Íå èçìåíÿåòñÿ) Îïðåäåëÿåò ïîâåäåíèå ñèñòåìû

(Ïîâåäåíèå ïðè äîñòóïå èç ëî- ïðè äîñòóïå èç ëîêàëüíîé ñåòè
Power On (default) (Âêëþ÷àåòñÿ
êàëüíîé ñåòè) ïèòàíèå (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
First Boot Device Removable devices (Ñúåìíîå Óñòàíîâêà ïîðÿäêà ïðîñìîòðà
Second Boot Device óñòðîéñòâî) çàãðóçî÷íûõ óñòðîéñòâ. Ïîä-
ñêàçêà ïî êëàâèøàì, èñïîëü-
Third Boot Device Hard Drive (Æåñòêèé äèñê)
çóåìûì äëÿ ïåðåìåùåíèÿ ïî
Fourth Boot Device ATAPI CD-ROM Drive ñïèñêó óñòðîéñòâ, ïðèâåäåíà
(Ïîðÿäîê çàãðóçêè) (Íàêîïèòåëü ATAPI CD-ROM) íà ýòîì ýêðàíå
Network Boot (Ñåòåâàÿ çàãðóçêà)
Hard Drive Íåò Ñïèñîê óñòàíîâëåííûõ æåñòêèõ
äèñêîâ. Ïðè âûäåëåíèè ïîÿâ-
(Æåñòêèé äèñê)
ëÿåòñÿ ïîäìåíþ Hard Drive
Removable Devices Íåò Ñïèñîê óñòàíîâëåííûõ ñúåìíûõ
óñòðîéñòâ. Ïðè âûäåëåíèè ïî-
(Ñúåìíûå óñòðîéñòâà)
ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïîäìåíþ Removable
Devices
Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Exit

< wlhf f_gx _]h iZjZf_lju ijb\_^_gu \ lZ[e hij_^_ey_lky ihjy^hd khojZg_gby
mklZgh\e_gguo agZq_gbciZjZf_ljh\
Òàáëèöà 5.25. Ïàðàìåòðû ìåíþ Exit
Exit Saving Changes Âûõîä èç ïðîãðàììû è ñîõðàíåíèå èçìåíåíèé â

(Âûõîä ñ ñîõðàíåíèåì èçìåíåíèé) CMOS-ïàìÿòè
Exit Discarding Changes Âûõîä èç ïðîãðàììû áåç ñîõðàíåíèÿ ëþáûõ èçìåíå-

(Âûõîä áåç ñîõðàíåíèÿ) íèé ïàðàìåòðîâ

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Load Setup Defaults Çàãðóçêà çíà÷åíèé ïàðàìåòðîâ ïî óìîë÷àíèþ, óñòà-

íîâëåííûõ ïðîèçâîäèòåëåì
(Çàãðóçèòü çíà÷åíèÿ ïî óìîë÷àíèþ)
Load Custom Defaults Çàãðóçêà ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêèõ çíà÷åíèé ïàðàìåòðîâ ïî
óìîë÷àíèþ
(Çàãðóçèòü ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêèå çíà÷åíèÿ ïî
óìîë÷àíèþ)
Save Custom Defaults Ñîõðàíåíèå ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêèõ çíà÷åíèé ïàðàìåòðîâ
ïî óìîë÷àíèþ
(Ñîõðàíèòü ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêèå çíà÷åíèÿ ïî
óìîë÷àíèþ)
Discard Changes Îòìåíèòü âíåñåííûå èçìåíåíèÿ áåç çàêðûòèÿ ïðî-
ãðàììû Setup BIOS
(Îòìåíèòü èçìåíåíèÿ)
MklZgh\b\hilbfZevgu_ agZq_gbyiZjZf_ljh\khojZgbl_bo\\b^_ihevah\Zl_evkdbo agZ

q_gbcLZdbfh[jZahfbofh`gh[ukljh\hkklZgh\blv \kemqZ_k[hy<ijhlb\ghfkemqZ_\k_
agZq_gbyijb^_lky\\h^blv\jmqgmxMklZgh\e_ggu_ agZq_gbyiZjZf_ljh\%,26khojZgyxlky
\&026iZfylbdhlhjZyiblZ_lkyhl[ZlZj_cdbjZkiheh`_gghc gZkbkl_fghcieZl_
Äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ïàðàìåòðû ïðîãðàììû

Setup BIOS
< g_dhlhjuo kbkl_fZo \ ijh]jZff_ 6HWXS %,26 bkihevamxlky ^hihegbl_evgu_ iZjZf_l
judhlhju_ijb\_^_gu\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 5.26. Äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ïàðàìåòðû ïðîãðàììû Setup BIOS
Virus Warning Åñëè êàêàÿ-òî ïðîãðàììà ïîïûòàåòñÿ çàïèñàòü êàêóþ-ëèáî

èíôîðìàöèþ â çàãðóçî÷íûé ñåêòîð èëè òàáëèöó ðàçäåëîâ,
(Ïðåäóïðåæäåíèå î âèðóñå)
ïðè óñòàíîâëåííîì çíà÷åíèè Enabled ïîÿâèòñÿ ïðåäóïðåæ-
äàþùåå ñîîáùåíèå. Ïîñëå åãî ïîÿâëåíèÿ íåçàìåäëèòåëüíî
ïðîâåðüòå äèñê ñ ïîìîùüþ àíòèâèðóñíîé ïðîãðàììû
CPU Internal Cache/External Cache Àêòèâèçàöèÿ êýø-ïàìÿòè ïåðâîãî è âòîðîãî óðîâíåé. Íåîá-
õîäèìî îòêëþ÷àòü ïðè òåñòèðîâàíèè ïàìÿòè, à ïðè íîð-
(Âíóòðåííÿÿ/âíåøíÿÿ êýø-ïàìÿòü
ìàëüíîé ðàáîòå ñèñòåìû îáÿçàòåëüíî âêëþ÷àòü
ïðîöåññîðà)
Quick Power On Self Test Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled íå âûïîëíÿþòñÿ íåêîòîðûå
îïåðàöèè ïðîöåäóðû POST. Ðåêîìåíäóåòñÿ óñòàíîâèòü çíà-
(Áûñòðîå òåñòèðîâàíèå)
÷åíèå Disabled è âûïîëíÿòü ïðîöåäóðó POST ïîëíîñòüþ
Swap Floppy Drive Ýòîò ïàðàìåòð ôóíêöèîíèðóåò ïðè óñòàíîâêå äâóõ äèñêîâî-
äîâ. Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled ôèçè÷åñêîìó óñòðîé-
(Ïåðåñòàíîâêà äèñêîâîäîâ)
ñòâó B: áóäåò ïðèñâîåíà ëîãè÷åñêàÿ áóêâà A, à óñòðîéñòâó
A: áóêâà B
Boot Up Floppy Seek Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled BIOS âûÿñíÿåò ôîðìàò
âñåõ óñòàíîâëåííûõ äèñêîâîäîâ (40 èëè 80 äîðîæåê). Ïî-
(Ïîèñê çàãðóçî÷íîãî äèñêîâîäà)
ñêîëüêó ëèøü óñòàðåâøèå ìîäåëè èìåþò 40 äîðîæåê, óñòà-
íîâèòå çíà÷åíèå Disabled äëÿ óñêîðåíèÿ çàãðóçêè

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Boot Up System Speed Ïðè âûáîðå çíà÷åíèÿ High ñèñòåìà áóäåò ðàáîòàòü ñ ìàê-
ñèìàëüíûì áûñòðîäåéñòâèåì, à ïðè âûáîðå çíà÷åíèÿ Low
(Ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü ñèñòåìû ïîñëå
÷àñòîòà øèíû áóäåò 8 ÌÃö. Èíîãäà òàêîå ñíèæåíèå áûñòðî-
çàãðóçêè)
äåéñòâèÿ íåîáõîäèìî äëÿ óñòàðåâøèõ ïðîãðàìì. Â ñîâðå-
ìåííûõ ñèñòåìàõ ýòîò ïàðàìåòð íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ
Gate A20 Option Àäðåñíàÿ øèíà A20 ïîçâîëÿåò îáðàùàòüñÿ ê ïàìÿòè çà ïåð-
âûì ìåãàáàéòîì. Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Fast íàáîð ìèê-
(Ïàðàìåòðû øèíû A20)
ðîñõåì àâòîìàòè÷åñêè óïðàâëÿåò øèíîé (ìàêñèìàëüíîå áû-
ñòðîäåéñòâèå), à ïðè âûáîðå çíà÷åíèÿ Normal óïðàâëåíèå
øèíîé îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ ñ ïîìîùüþ êîíòðîëëåðà êëàâèàòóðû
Typematic Rate Setting Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Disabled ñëåäóþùèå äâà ïàðàìåòðà
(Typematic Rate è Typematic Delay) ñòàíóò íåäîñòóïíûìè.
(Ñêîðîñòü ââîäà ñèìâîëîâ)
Ïðè óñòàíîâêå çíà÷åíèÿ Enabled ìîæíî îïðåäåëèòü ÷àñòîòó
è çàäåðæêó ïîâòîðåíèÿ ñèìâîëîâ
Typematic Rate (Chars/Sec) Óñòàíîâêà îäíîãî èç ñëåäóþùèõ çíà÷åíèé ÷àñòîòû ïîâòîðå-
íèÿ ñèìâîëîâ: 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 24 èëè 30
(×àñòîòà ïîâòîðåíèÿ (ñèìâîëîâ â ñå-
êóíäó))
Typematic Delay (Msec) Óñòàíîâêà îäíîãî èç ñëåäóþùèõ çíà÷åíèé çàäåðæêè ïîâòî-
ðåíèÿ ñèìâîëîâ: 250, 500, 750 èëè 1 000 ìñ
(Çàäåðæêà ïîâòîðåíèÿ (ìñ))
PS/2 Mouse Function Control Åñëè íà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòå óñòàíîâëåí ïîðò ìûøè PS/2, à âû
èñïîëüçóåòå ìûøü, ïîäêëþ÷åííóþ ê ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîìó
(Óïðàâëåíèå ôóíêöèÿìè ïîðòà
ïîðòó, òî óñòàíîâèòå çíà÷åíèå Disabled
ìûøè PS/2)
HDD S.M.A.R.T. capability Àêòèâèçàöèÿ ñèñòåìû S.M.A.R.T. æåñòêîãî äèñêà. Îáðàòèòå
âíèìàíèå, ÷òî íå âñå ìîäåëè æåñòêèõ äèñêîâ ïîääåðæèâàþò
(Óïðàâëåíèÿ ôóíêöèÿìè S.M.A.R.T.
ýòó ôóíêöèþ
æåñòêîãî äèñêà)
Report No FDD For WIN 95 Âûáåðèòå çíà÷åíèå Yes, åñëè â ñèñòåìå íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ
äèñêîâîä, äëÿ îñâîáîæäåíèÿ ïðåðûâàíèÿ IRQ6. Óñòàíîâèòå
(Èíôîðìèðîâàíèå Windows 95 îá
çíà÷åíèå Disabled ïàðàìåòðà Onboard FDC Controller, îïè-
îòñóòñòâèè äèñêîâîäà)
ñàííîãî âûøå â ýòîé ãëàâå
ROM Shadowing Çàïèñü ÷àñòè ROM â îïåðàòèâíóþ ïàìÿòü äëÿ óâåëè÷åíèÿ
ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòè
(Çàòåíåíèå ROM)
Plug and Play BIOS

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gucijhp_kkIhevah\Zl_ev ^he`_ggZagZqblvmkljhckl\mij_ju\Zgb_ihjlu\\h^Z\u\h^Zb
dZgZeu '0$ l_ j_kmjku g_bkihevam_fu_ \ ^Zgguc fhf_gl ^jm]bfb mkljhckl\Zfb Wlh
\uihegyehkv kihfhsvxi_j_fuq_dbi_j_dexqZl_e_c gZieZl_mklZgZ\eb\Z_fh]h mkljhckl
\Z Ijb g_\_jghf \u[hj_ iZjZf_ljh\ \hagbdZe dhgnebdl mkljhckl\ QZs_ \k_]h lZdhc dhg
nebdly\eyekyijbqbghc^jm]bohrb[hdgZijbf_jkbkl_fZhldZau\ZeZkv aZ]jm`Zlvky
L_ogheh]by3OXJDQG3OD\agZqbl_evgh mijhklbeZijhp_kkmklZgh\dbbdhgnb]mjbjh\Zgby
gh\uomkljhckl\Ihevah\Zl_ex g_h[oh^bfh ebrv\klZ\blvieZlm\k\h[h^gucjZat_fZkbk
l_fZZ\lhfZlbq_kdb \u^_eblg_h[oh^bfu_ j_kmjku
L_ogheh]by3OXJDQG3OD\khklhblbake_^mxsbohkgh\guodhfihg_glh\
3OXJDQG3OD\%,26

([WHQGHG6\VWHP&RQILJXUDWLRQ 'DWD(6&'
hi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ3OXJDQG3OD\
Ijb aZ]jmad_ dhfivxl_jZ 3OXJDQG3OD\ %,26 bgbpbbjm_l dhgnb]mjbjh\Zgb_ mkljhckl\
khhl\_lkl\mxsbo ki_pbnbdZpbb 3OXJDQG3OD\?keb Z^Zil_j [ue m`_ mklZgh\e_g \ kbkl_f_
lh%,26kqblu\Z_ldhgnb]mjZpbhggmx bgnhjfZpbx ba(6&'bgbpbZebabjm_l mkljhckl\hb
ijh^he`Z_laZ]jmadm?keb`_mkljhckl\h\i_j\u_ihy\behkv\kbkl_f_%,26aZijZrb\Z_l m
(6&'k\h[h^gu_j_kmjkuIhemqb\bohgZdhgnb]mjbjm_l gh\h_mkljhckl\h?keb`_kih
fhsvxk\h[h^guoj_kmjkh\g_evaykdhgnb]mjbjh\Zlv gh\h_mkljhckl\hlh%,26ijh^he`Z_l
aZ]jmadm dhfivxl_jZ Z dhgnb]mjbjh\Zgb_f aZgbfZ_lky hi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ IZjZf_lju
\k_odhjj_dlghkdhgnb]mjbjh\Zgguo mkljhckl\aZibku\Zxlky \[Zam^Zgguo(6&'
Èäåíòèôèêàòîðû óñòðîéñòâ, ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ

ñïåöèôèêàöèè Plug and Play
<k_mkljhckl\Zkhhl\_lkl\mxsb_ ki_pbnbdZpbb 3OXJDQG3OD\^he`gubf_lvmgbdZevguc
b^_glbnbdZpbhgguc ghf_jihdhlhjhfmkbkl_fZfh`_ljZkihagZlvmkljhckl\hbmklZgh\blv
g_h[oh^bfu_ ^jZc\_juB^_glbnbdZpbhgguc ghf_jhij_^_ey_lky ijhba\h^bl_e_f mkljhckl
\Zijbq_fhg^he`_g[ulvmgbdZevgufGhf_jmkljhckl\Zkhklhblbak_fbkbf\heh\i_j\u_
ljb² wlh b^_glbnbdZlhj ijhba\h^bl_ey Z hklZevgu_ q_luj_² pbnjh\hc b^_glbnbdZlhj
mkljhckl\Z gZijbf_j ;<= Fgh]b_ mkljhckl\Z gZijbf_j dhgljhee_j ij_ju\Zgbc beb
dhgljhee_jdeZ\bZlmjug_bf_xlklZg^Zjlbah\Zggh]h b^_glbnbdZpbhggh]h ghf_jZ>eylZ
dbokemqZ_\nbjfZ0LFURVRIWaZj_a_j\bjh\ZeZ ij_nbdk313Kibkhdwlbomkljhckl\ijb\_^_g
\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 5.27. Èäåíòèôèêàöèîííûå íîìåðà óñòðîéñòâ, ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ
ñïåöèôèêàöèè Plug and Play
Èäåíòèôèêàöèîííûé íîìåð Îïèñàíèå
PNP0xxx Ñèñòåìíûå óñòðîéñòâà

PNP0000 Êîíòðîëëåð ïðåðûâàíèé AT
PNP0001 Êîíòðîëëåð ïðåðûâàíèé EISA
PNP0002 Êîíòðîëëåð ïðåðûâàíèé MCA
PNP0003 APIC
PNP0004 Êîíòðîëëåð ïðåðûâàíèé Cyrix SliC MP
PNP0100 Òàéìåð AT
PNP0101 Òàéìåð EISA
PNP0102 Òàéìåð MCA
PNP0200 Êîíòðîëëåð DMA AT
PNP0201 Êîíòðîëëåð DMA EISA
PNP0202 Êîíòðîëëåð DMA MCA
PNP0300 Êîíòðîëëåð êëàâèàòóðû IBM PC/XT (83 êëàâèøè)
PNP0301 Êîíòðîëëåð êëàâèàòóðû IBM PC/AT (86 êëàâèø)
PNP0302 Êîíòðîëëåð êëàâèàòóðû IBM PC/XT (84 êëàâèøè)
PNP0303 Êëàâèàòóðà IBM Enhanced (101/102 êëàâèøè, ïîääåðæêà ìûøè PS/2)

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PNP0304 Êëàâèàòóðà Olivetti (83 êëàâèøè)

PNP0305 Êëàâèàòóðà Olivetti (102 êëàâèøè)
PNP0306 Êëàâèàòóðà Olivetti (86 êëàâèø)
PNP0307 Êëàâèàòóðà Microsoft Windows(R)
PNP0308 General Input Device Emulation Interface (GIDEI)
PNP0309 Êëàâèàòóðà Olivetti (A101/102 êëàâèøè)
PNP030A Êëàâèàòóðà AT&T 302
PNP030B Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí Microsoft
PNP0320 ßïîíñêàÿ 106-êëàâèøíàÿ êëàâèàòóðà A01
PNP0321 ßïîíñêàÿ 101-êëàâèøíàÿ êëàâèàòóðà
PNP0322 ßïîíñêàÿ êëàâèàòóðà AX
PNP0323 ßïîíñêàÿ 106-êëàâèøíàÿ êëàâèàòóðà 002/003
PNP0324 ßïîíñêàÿ 101-êëàâèøíàÿ êëàâèàòóðà 001
PNP0325 ßïîíñêàÿ êëàâèàòóðà ôèðìû Toshiba äëÿ íàñòîëüíûõ ñèñòåì
PNP0326 ßïîíñêàÿ êëàâèàòóðà ôèðìû Toshiba äëÿ ïîðòàòèâíûõ ñèñòåì
PNP0327 ßïîíñêàÿ êëàâèàòóðà ôèðìû Toshiba äëÿ Notebook
PNP0340 Êîðåéñêàÿ 84-êëàâèøíàÿ êëàâèàòóðà
PNP0341 Êîðåéñêàÿ 86-êëàâèøíàÿ êëàâèàòóðà
PNP0342 Êîðåéñêàÿ ðàñøèðåííàÿ êëàâèàòóðà
PNP0343 Êîðåéñêàÿ ðàñøèðåííàÿ êëàâèàòóðà 101b
PNP0343 Êîðåéñêàÿ ðàñøèðåííàÿ êëàâèàòóðà 101c
PNP0344 Êîðåéñêàÿ ðàñøèðåííàÿ êëàâèàòóðà 103
PNP0400 Ñòàíäàðòíûé ïîðò ïðèíòåðà LPT
PNP0401 Ïîðò ïðèíòåðà ECP
PNP0500 Ñòàíäàðòíûé COM-ïîðò
PNP0501 16550A-ñîâìåñòèìûé COM-ïîðò
PNP0502 Ìíîãîïîðòîâîå ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîå óñòðîéñòâî
PNP0510 Îáùåå IRDA-ñîâìåñòèìîå óñòðîéñòâî
PNP0511 Îáùåå IRDA-ñîâìåñòèìîå óñòðîéñòâî
PNP0600 Îáùèé ESDI/IDE/ATA-ñîâìåñòèìûé êîíòðîëëåð æåñòêîãî äèñêà
PNP0601 Plus Hardcard II
PNP0602 Plus Hardcard IIXL/EZ
PNP0603 Îáùåå IDE-óñòðîéñòâî, ïîääåðæèâàþùåå ñïåöèôèêàöèþ Microsoft De-
vice Bay
PNP0700 Ñòàíäàðòíûé êîíòðîëëåð äèñêîâîäà
PNP0701 Ñòàíäàðòíûé êîíòðîëëåð äèñêîâîäà, ïîääåðæèâàþùèé ñïåöèôèêàöèþ
Microsoft Device Bay

Ijh^he`_gb_ lZ[e
PNP0900 VGA-ñîâìåñòèìîå óñòðîéñòâî

PNP0901 Video Seven VRAM/VRAM II/1024i
PNP0902 8514/A-ñîâìåñòèìîå óñòðîéñòâî
PNP0903 Trident VGA
PNP0904 Cirrus Logic Laptop VGA
PNP0905 Cirrus Logic VGA
PNP0906 Tseng ET4000
PNP0907 Western Digital VGA
PNP0908 Western Digital Laptop VGA
PNP0909 S3 Inc. 911/924
PNP090A ATI Ultra Pro/Plus (Mach 32)
PNP090B ATI Ultra (Mach 8)
PNP090C XGA-ñîâìåñòèìîå óñòðîéñòâî
PNP090D ATI VGA Wonder
PNP090E Ãðàôè÷åñêèé àäàïòåð Weitek P9000
PNP090F Oak Technology VGA
PNP0910 Compaq Qvision
PNP0911 XGA/2
PNP0912 Tseng Labs W32/W32i/W32p
PNP0913 S3 Inc. 801/928/964
PNP0914 Cirrus Logic 5429/5434
PNP0915 Compaq Advanced VGA (AVGA)
PNP0916 ATI Ultra Pro Turbo (Mach64)
PNP0917 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí Microsoft
PNP0918 Matrox MGA
PNP0919 Compaq QVision 2000
PNP091A Tseng W128
PNP0930 Chips & Technologies Super VGA
PNP0931 Chips & Technologies Accelerator
PNP0940 NCR 77c22e Super VGA
PNP0941 NCR 77c32blt
PNP09FF Ìîíèòîðû Plug and Play (VESA DDC)
PNP0A00 Øèíà ISA
PNP0A01 Øèíà EISA
PNP0A02 Øèíà MCA
PNP0A03 Øèíà PCI

Ijh^he`_gb_ lZ[e
PNP0A04 Øèíà VESA/VL bus

PNP0A05 Îáùàÿ øèíà ACPI
PNP0A06 Îáùàÿ øèíà ACPI Extended-I/O (øèíà EIO)
PNP0800 AT-äèíàìèê
PNP0B00 AT-÷àñû
PNP0C00 Plug and Play BIOS
PNP0C01 Ñèñòåìíàÿ ïëàòà
PNP0C02 Îáùèé èäåíòèôèêàöèîííûé íîìåð äëÿ ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû
PNP0C03 Ïðåðûâàíèå Event Notification Plug and Play BIOS
PNP0C04 Ñîïðîöåññîð
PNP0C05 APM BIOS (íåçàâèñèìî îò âåðñèè)
PNP0C06 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí äëÿ èäåíòèôèêàöèè ðàííèõ ðåàëèçàöèé Plug and Play
BIOS
PNP0C07 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí äëÿ èäåíòèôèêàöèè ðàííèõ ðåàëèçàöèé Plug and Play
BIOS
PNP0C08 Àïïàðàòíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå ACPI íà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòå
PNP0C09 Âñòðîåííûé êîíòðîëëåð ACPI
PNP0C0A Ìåòîä êîíòðîëÿ áàòàðåé ACPI
PNP0C0B Âåíòèëÿòîð ACPI
PNP0C0C Êíîïêà ïèòàíèÿ ACPI
PNP0C0D Êîðïóñ ACPI
PNP0C0E Êíîïêà îòêëþ÷åíèÿ ACPI
PNP0C0F PCI-óñòðîéñòâî ñâÿçè ïðåðûâàíèé
PNP0C10 Ñèñòåìíûé èíäèêàòîð ACPI
PNP0C11 Òåðìàëüíàÿ çîíà ACPI
PNP0C12 Êîíòðîëëåð îòñåêà óñòðîéñòâ
PNP0C13 Plug and Play BIOS (ïðèìåíÿåòñÿ â òîì ñëó÷àå, åñëè íåëüçÿ èñïîëüçîâàòü
ðåæèì ACPI)
PNP0E00 Êîíòðîëëåð PCMCIA Intel 82365-ñîâìåñòèìûé
PNP0E01 Êîíòðîëëåð PCMCIA Cirrus Logic CL-PD6720
PNP0E02 Êîíòðîëëåð PCMCIA VLSI VL82C146
PNP0E03 Êîíòðîëëåð CardBus Intel 82365-ñîâìåñòèìûé
PNP0F00 Øèííàÿ ìûøü Microsoft
PNP0F01 Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíàÿ ìûøü Microsoft
PNP0F02 Ìûøü Microsoft InPort
PNP0F03 Ìûøü Microsoft PS/2
PNP0F04 Ìûøü Mouse Systems

Ijh^he`_gb_ lZ[e
PNP0F05 3-êíîïî÷íàÿ ìûøü Mouse Systems (COM 2)

PNP0F06 Ìûøü Genius (COM 1)
PNP0F07 Ìûøü Genius (COM 2)
PNP0F08 Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíàÿ ìûøü Logitech
PNP0F09 Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíàÿ ìûøü Microsoft BallPoint
PNP0F0A Ìûøü Microsoft Plug and Play
PNP0F0B Ìûøü Microsoft Plug and Play BallPoint
PNP0F0C Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíàÿ Microsoft-ñîâìåñòèìàÿ ìûøü
PNP0F0D Microsoft-ñîâìåñòèìàÿ InPort-ñîâìåñòèìàÿ ìûøü
PNP0F0E Microsoft-ñîâìåñòèìàÿ ìûøü PS/2
PNP0F0F Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíàÿ Microsoft-ñîâìåñòèìàÿ Ballpoint-ñîâìåñòèìàÿ ìûøü
PNP0F10 Ìûøü Texas Instruments QuickPort
PNP0F11 Øèííàÿ Microsoft-ñîâìåñòèìàÿ ìûøü
PNP0F12 Ìûøü Logitech PS/2
PNP0F13 Ïîðò PS/2 äëÿ ìûøè PS/2
PNP0F14 Ìûøü Microsoft kids
PNP0F15 Øèííàÿ ìûøü Logitech
PNP0F16 Óñòðîéñòâî Logitech SWIFT
PNP0F17 Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíàÿ Logitech-ñîâìåñòèìàÿ ìûøü
PNP0F18 Øèííàÿ Logitech-ñîâìåñòèìàÿ ìûøü
PNP0F19 Logitech-ñîâìåñòèìàÿ ìûøü PS/2
PNP0F1A Logitech-ñîâìåñòèìîå óñòðîéñòâî SWIFT
PNP0F1B Ìûøü HP Omnibook
PNP0F1C Ìûøü Compaq LTE Trackball PS/2
PNP0F1D Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíàÿ ìûøü Compaq LTE Trackball
PNP0F1E Ìûøü Microsoft Kids Trackball
PNP0F1F Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí Microsoft Input Device Group
PNP0F20 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí Microsoft Input Device Group
PNP0FFF Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí Microsoft Systems
PNP8xxx Ñåòåâûå àäàïòåðû
PNP8001 Novell/Anthem NE3200

PNP8004 Compaq NE3200
PNP8006 Intel EtherExpress/32

Ijh^he`_gb_ lZ[e
PNP8008 HP EtherTwist EISA LAN Adapter/32 (HP27248A)

PNP8065 Ungermann-Bass NIUps or NIUps/EOTP
PNP8072 DEC (DE211) EtherWorks MC/TP
PNP8073 DEC (DE212) EtherWorks MC/TP_BNC
PNP8078 DCA 10 Mb MCA
PNP8074 HP MC LAN Adapter/16 TP (PC27246)
PNP80c9 IBM Token Ring
PNP80ca BM Token Ring II
PNP80cb IBM Token Ring II/Short
PNP80cc IBM Token Ring 4/16Mbs
PNP80d3 Novell/Anthem NE1000
PNP80d5 NE1000-ñîâìåñòèìûé
PNP80d6 NE2000-ñîâìåñòèìûé
PNP80d7 Novell/Anthem NE1500T
PNP80dd SMC ARCNETPC
PNP80de SMC ARCNET PC100, PC200
PNP80df SMC ARCNET PC110, PC210, PC250
PNP80e0 SMC ARCNET PC130/E
PNP80e1 SMC ARCNET PC120, PC220, PC260
PNP80e2 SMC ARCNET PC270/E
PNP80e5 SMC ARCNET PC600W, PC650W
PNP80e7 DEC DEPCA
PNP80e8 DEC (DE100) EtherWorks LC
PNP80e9 DEC (DE200) EtherWorks Turbo
PNP80ea DEC (DE101) EtherWorks LC/TP
PNP80eb DEC (DE201) EtherWorks Turbo/TP
PNP80ec DEC (DE202) EtherWorks Turbo/TP_BNC
PNP80ed DEC (DE102) EtherWorks LC/TP_BNC
PNP80ee DEC EE101 (âñòðîåííûé)
PNP80ef DECpc 433 WS (âñòðîåííûé)
PNP80f1 3Com EtherLink Plus
PNP80f3 3Com EtherLink II èëè IITP (8- èëè 16-ðàçðÿäíûé)
PNP80f4 3Com TokenLink
PNP80f6 3Com EtherLink 16

Ijh^he`_gb_ lZ[e
PNP80f7 3Com EtherLink III

PNP80f8 3Com Generic Etherlink Plug and Play
PNP80fb Thomas Conrad TC6045
PNP80fc Thomas Conrad TC6042
PNP80fd Thomas Conrad TC6142
PNP80fe Thomas Conrad TC6145
PNP80ff Thomas Conrad TC6242
PNP8100 Thomas Conrad TC6245
PNP8105 DCA 10 MB
PNP8106 DCA 10 MB (âîëîêîííî-îïòè÷åñêèé)
PNP8107 DCA 10 MB (âèòàÿ ïàðà)
PNP8113 Racal NI6510
PNP811C Ungermann-Bass NIUpc
PNP8120 Ungermann-Bass NIUpc/EOTP
PNP8123 SMC StarCard PLUS (WD/8003S)
PNP8124 SMC StarCard PLUS ñ óñòàíîâëåííûì êîíöåíòðàòîðîì (WD/8003SH)
PNP8125 SMC EtherCard PLUS (WD/8003E)
PNP8126 SMC EtherCard PLUS ñ çàãðóçî÷íûì ROM-ãíåçäîì (WD/8003EBT)
PNP8127 SMC EtherCard PLUS ñ çàãðóçî÷íûì ROM-ãíåçäîì (WD/8003EB)
PNP8128 SMC EtherCard PLUS TP (WD/8003WT)
PNP812a SMC EtherCard PLUS 16 ñ çàãðóçî÷íûì ROM-ãíåçäîì (WD/8013EBT)
PNP812d Intel EtherExpress 16 èëè 16TP
PNP812f Intel TokenExpress 16/4
PNP8130 Intel TokenExpress MCA 16/4
PNP8132 Intel EtherExpress 16 (MCA)
PNP8137 Artisoft AE-1
PNP8138 Artisoft AE-2 èëè AE-3
PNP8141 Amplicard AC 210/XT
PNP8142 Amplicard AC 210/AT
PNP814b Everex SpeedLink /PC16 (EV2027)
PNP8155 HP PC LAN Adapter/8 TP (HP27245)
PNP8156 HP PC LAN Adapter/16 TP (HP27247A)
PNP8157 HP PC LAN Adapter/8 TL (HP27250)
PNP8158 HP PC LAN Adapter/16 TP Plus (HP27247B)
PNP8159 HP PC LAN Adapter/16 TL Plus (HP27252)
PNP815f National Semiconductor Ethernode *16AT

Ijh^he`_gb_ lZ[e
PNP8160 National Semiconductor AT/LANTIC Ethernode 16-AT3

PNP816a NCR Token-Ring 4Mbs ISA
PNP816d NCR Token-Ring 16/4Mbs ISA
PNP8191 Olicom 16/4 Token-Ring Adapter
PNP81c3 SMC EtherCard PLUS Elite (WD/8003EP)
PNP81c4 SMC EtherCard PLUS 10T (WD/8003W)
PNP81c5 SMC EtherCard PLUS Elite 16 (WD/8013EP)
PNP81c6 SMC EtherCard PLUS Elite 16T (WD/8013W)
PNP81c7 SMC EtherCard PLUS Elite 16 Combo (WD/8013EW èëè 8013EWC)
PNP81c8 SMC EtherElite Ultra 16
PNP81e4 Pure Data PDI9025-32 (Token Ring)
PNP81e6 Pure Data PDI508+ (ArcNet)
PNP81e7 Pure Data PDI516+ (ArcNet)
PNP81eb Proteon Token Ring (P1390)
PNP81ec Proteon Token Ring (P1392)
PNP81ed Proteon ISA Token Ring (1340)
PNP81ee Proteon ISA Token Ring (1342)
PNP81ef Proteon ISA Token Ring (1346)
PNP81f0 Proteon ISA Token Ring (1347)
PNP81ff Cabletron E2000 ñåðèÿ DNI
PNP8200 Cabletron E2100 ñåðèÿ DNI
PNP8209 Zenith Data Systems Z-Note
PNP820a Zenith Data Systems NE2000-ñîâìåñòèìûé
PNP8213 Xircom Pocket Ethernet II
PNP8214 Xircom Pocket Ethernet I
PNP821d RadiSys EXM-10
PNP8227 Ñåðèÿ SMC 3000
PNP8228 Êîíòðîëëåð SMC 91C2
PNP8231 Advanced Micro Devices AM2100/AM1500T
PNP8263 Tulip NCC-16
PNP8277 Exos 105
PNP828A Intel 595 Ethernet
PNP828B TI2000 Token Ring
PNP828C Ñåìåéñòâî àäàïòåðîâ AMD PCNet
PNP828D AMD PCNet32 (âåðñèÿ VL)
PNP829 IrDA èíôðàêðàñíûé NDIS-äðàéâåð (Microsoft)

Ijh^he`_gb_ lZ[e
PNP82bd IBM PCMCIA-NIC

PNP82C2 Xircom CE10
PNP82C3 Xircom CEM2
PNP8321 DEC Ethernet (âñå òèïû)
PNP8323 SMC EtherCard (âñå òèïû, çà èñêëþ÷åíèåì 8013/A)
PNP8324 ARCNET-ñîâìåñòèìûé
PNP8326 Thomas Conrad (âñå òèïà Arcnet)
PNP8327 IBM Token Ring (âñå òèïû)
PNP8385 Äðàéâåð óäàëåííîãî äîñòóïà ê ñåòè
PNP8387 Äðàéâåð RNA PPP
PNP8388 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí äëÿ êîìïîíåíòîâ Microsoft Networking
PNP8389 Èíôðàêðàñíûé äðàéâåð îäíîðàíãîâîé ñåòè IrLAN (Microsoft)
PNP8390 Îáùèé ñåòåâîé àäàïòåð
PNPAxxx SCSI-àäàïòåðû è àäàïòåðû CD-ROM
PNPA002 Ñîâìåñòèìûé Domain 16-700 êîíòðîëëåð

PNPA003 Àäàïòåð Panasonic CD-ROM (SBPro/SB16)
PNPA01B Êîíòðîëëåð Trantor 128 SCSI
PNPA01D Êîíòðîëëåð Trantor T160 SCSI
PNPA01E Êîíòðîëëåð Trantor T338 Parallel SCSI
PNPA01F Êîíòðîëëåð Trantor T348 Parallel SCSI
PNPA020 Êîíòðîëëåð Trantor Media Vision SCSI
PNPA022 Êîíòðîëëåð IN-2000 SCSI
PNPA02B Êîíòðîëëåð Sony CD-ROM
PNPA02D 8-ðàçðÿäíûé êîíòðîëëåð Trantor T13b SCSI
PNPA02F Êîíòðîëëåð Trantor T358 Parallel SCSI
PNPA030 Îäíîñêîðîñòíîé êîíòðîëëåð è íàêîïèòåëü Mitsumi LU-005 CD-ROM
PNPA031 Îäíîñêîðîñòíîé êîíòðîëëåð è íàêîïèòåëü Mitsumi FX-001 CD-ROM
PNPA032 Äâóõñêîðîñòíîé êîíòðîëëåð è íàêîïèòåëü Mitsumi FX-001 CD-ROM
PNPBxxx Àóäèî/âèäåîóñòðîéñòâà, ìóëüòèìåäèà
PNPB000 Çâóêîâîé àäàïòåð Sound Blaster 1.5
PNPB001 Çâóêîâîé àäàïòåð Sound Blaster 2.0
PNPB002 Çâóêîâîé àäàïòåð Sound Blaster Pro
PNPB003 Çâóêîâîé àäàïòåð Sound Blaster 16
PNPB004 Thunderboard-ñîâìåñòèìûé çâóêîâîé àäàïòåð
PNPB005 AdLib-ñîâìåñòèìûé FM-ñèíòåçàòîð
PNPB006 MPU401-ñîâìåñòèìîå óñòðîéñòâî

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PNPB007 Çâóêîâîé àäàïòåð, ñîâìåñòèìûé ñ Microsoft Windows sound system

PNPB008 Compaq Business Audio
PNPB009 Çâóêîâîé àäàïòåð Plug and Play Microsoft Windows sound system
PNPB00A MediaVision Pro Audio Spectrum
PNPB00B MediaVision Pro Audio 3D
PNPB00C MusicQuest MQX-32M
PNPB00D MediaVision Pro Audio Spectrum Basic
PNPB00E MediaVision Pro Audio Spectrum
PNPB00F Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì MediaVision Jazz-16 (OEM-âåðñèÿ)
PNPB010 Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì Auravision VxP500 Orchid Videola
PNPB018 MediaVision Pro Audio Spectrum 8-ðàçðÿäíûé
PNPB019 MediaVision Pro Audio Spectrum Basic
PNPB020 Yamaha OPL3-ñîâìåñòèìûé FM-ñèíòåçàòîð
PNPB02F Èãðîâîé ïîðò/ïîðò äæîéñòèêà
PNPCxxx-Dxxx Ìîäåìû
PNPC000 Ìîäåì Compaq 14400 (TBD)
PNPC001 Ìîäåì Compaq 2400/9600 (TBD)
Èíèöèàëèçàöèÿ óñòðîéñòâ Plug and Play

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fh`ghijh\_jblvkihfhsvx^bki_lq_jZmkljhckl\

Ñîîáùåíèÿ îá îøèáêàõ BIOS
Ihke_\dexq_gbyiblZgbydhfivxl_jZgZqbgZ_l\uihegylvkyijhp_^mjZ3267Ijb\ha
gbdgh\_gbb hrb[db ihy\ey_lky khh[s_gb_ mdZau\Zxs__ __ ijbqbgm ?keb g_ m^Z_lky bgb
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dhfiZdl^bkd_
Ñîîáùåíèÿ îá îøèáêàõ BIOS 339


Ãëàâà 6
Îïåðàòèâíàÿ ïàìÿòü
Îïåðàòèâíàÿ ïàìÿòü: îñíîâíûå ïîíÿòèÿ 342
Ïàìÿòü òèïà ROM 343
Ïàìÿòü òèïà DRAM 345
Êýø-ïàìÿòü SRAM 346
Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå çàïîìèíàþùèõ óñòðîéñòâ 350
Íîâûå òèïû äèíàìè÷åñêîé îïåðàòèâíîé ïàìÿòè 355
Ôèçè÷åñêàÿ ïàìÿòü 360
Óâåëè÷åíèå îáúåìà ïàìÿòè 376
Óñòðàíåíèå îøèáîê ïàìÿòè 381
Ëîãè÷åñêàÿ îðãàíèçàöèÿ ïàìÿòè 383
Îïåðàòèâíàÿ ïàìÿòü:
îñíîâíûå ïîíÿòèÿ
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gblvgZaZihfbgZxs_f mkljhckl\_dhlhjh_fh`_lojZgblvbgnhjfZpbx ihklhygghh[uqgh
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eZ²dhfivxl_jfh`_ljZ[hlZlvk[hevrbfdhebq_kl\hfijh]jZffb^Zgguoh^gh\j_f_ggh
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^bkd_H[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_ihkdhevdm g_\hafh`gh ihklhyggh ojZgblv nZceu \ hi_jZlb\ghc
342 Îïåðàòèâíàÿ ïàìÿòü

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Ïàìÿòü òèïà ROM 343

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Ïàìÿòü òèïà DRAM 345

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Äèíàìè÷åñêàÿ îïåðàòèâíàÿ ïàìÿòü DRAM Íèçêîå Âûñîêàÿ Íèçêàÿ

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Òàáëèöà 6.1. Ïàðàìåòðû êýø-ïàìÿòè ïåðâîãî (âíóòðåííåãî) è âòîðîãî
óðîâíåé (âíåøíåãî) â ñîâðåìåííûõ êîìïüþòåðàõ
Òèï Òèïè÷íàÿ Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå Áûñòðîäåé-
öåíòðàëüíîãî òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà êýø-ïàìÿòè êýø-ïàìÿòè ñèñòåìíîé ñòâèå
ïðîöåññîðà öåíòðàëüíîãî ïåðâîãî óðîâíÿ, âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ, ïëàòû, ÌÃö SIMM/DIMM,
ïðîöåññîðà, ÌÃö íñ (ÌÃö) íñ (ÌÃö) íñ (ÌÃö)
486 DX4 100 10 (100) 30 (33) 33 60 (16)

Pentium 233 4,3 (233) 15 (66) 66 60 (16)
Pentium Pro 200 5,0 (200) 5 (200) 66 60 (16)
Pentium II 300 3,3 (300) 6 (150) 66 15 (66)
(1997)
Pentium II 400 2,5 (400) 5 (200) 100 10 (100)
(1998)
AMD K6-2 475 2,1 (475) 10 (100) 95 10,5 (95)
AMD K6-3 450 2,2 (450) 2,2 (450) 100 10 (100)
Celeron 466 2,1 (466) 2,1 (466) 66 15 (66)
Pentium III 550 1,8 (550) 3,6 (275) 100 10 (100)
Pentium III 550 1,8 (550) 1,8 (550) 100 10 (100)
Xeon

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gZ[hjZfbdjhko_f,QWHO7;
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Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå çàïîìèíàþùèõ
óñòðîéñòâ
;ukljh^_ckl\b_ ijhp_kkhjZ \ujZ`Z_lky \ f_]Z]_jpZo F=p Z [ukljh^_ckl\b_ aZihfb
gZxs_]hmkljhckl\Zb_]hwnn_dlb\ghklv ²\gZghk_dmg^Zo gk
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b\f_]Z]_jpZo
Òàáëèöà 6.2. Çàâèñèìîñòü ìåæäó òàêòîâîé ÷àñòîòîé â ìåãàãåðöàõ è
ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòüþ öèêëà â íàíîñåêóíäàõ
Òàêòîâàÿ Ïðîäîëæèòåëü- Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà, Ïðîäîëæèòåëü- Òàêòîâàÿ Ïðîäîëæèòåëü-
÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö íîñòü öèêëà, íñ ÌÃö íîñòü öèêëà, íñ ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö íîñòü öèêëà, íñ
4,77 210 120 8,3 433 2,3

6 167 133 7,5 450 2,2
8 125 150 6,7 466 2,1
10 100 166 6,0 500 2,0
12 83 180 5,6 533 1,9
16 63 200 5,0 550 1,8
20 50 225 4,4 600 1,7
25 40 233 4,3 650 1,5
33 30 250 4,0 700 1,4
40 25 266 3,8 750 1,3
50 20 300 3,3 800 1,3
60 17 333 3,0 850 1,2

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Òàêòîâàÿ Ïðîäîëæèòåëü- Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà, Ïðîäîëæèòåëü- Òàêòîâàÿ Ïðîäîëæèòåëü-
÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö íîñòü öèêëà, íñ ÌÃö íîñòü öèêëà, íñ ÷àñòîòà, ÌÃö íîñòü öèêëà, íñ
66 15 350 2,9 900 1,1

75 13 366 2,7 950 1,1
80 13 400 2,5 1000 1,0
100 10
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Òàáëèöà 6.3. Ñðàâíåíèå áûñòðîäåéñòâèÿ ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû è îïåðàòèâíîé
ïàìÿòè
Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå Òèï ïàìÿòè Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå Äàòà
ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû, ïðîöåññîðà, ÌÃö ïàìÿòè, ÌÃö
ÌÃö
566 5200 FPM/EDO (Fast Page 516 19811996

Mode/Extended Data Out)
66100 200450 SDRAM (Synchronous 66 èëè 100 19971998
DRAM)
100+ 500+ RDRAM (Rambus DRAM) 600 èëè 800 1999+
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dZdijhp_kkhjuaZwlh`_\j_fykh\_jrbeb]b]Zglkdbcju\hd\ijhba\h^bl_evghklb ² hl
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fh^mebiZfylb5,00_fdhklvx F[Zclb[he__

Jbk Hlghr_gb_ f_`^m lZdlh\uf kb]gZehf b pbdeZfb i_j_^Zqb
^ZgguoiZfylb5'5$0
JbkdhglZdlgucfh^mev5,00
Dhgljhee_j iZfylb5'5$0kh^gbfdZgZehf5DPEXViha\hey_lmklZgh\blvg_[he__lj_o
fh^me_c5,00IjbiehlghklbmiZdh\dbF[bl\djbklZee_fh^mev5,00bf__l_fdhklv
F[Zcl < [m^ms_f fh^meb 5,00 [m^ml bf_lv _fdhklv ^h =[Zcl b [hevr_ ihy\ylky
gZ[hju fbdjhko_f kbkl_fghc eh]bdb kh \kljh_ggufb dhgljhee_jZfb iZfylb 5DPEXV dh
lhju_kfh]mlih^^_j`b\Zlv [hevr__dhebq_kl\hdZgZeh\5DPEXVblh]^ZgZkbkl_fghcieZl_
ihy\blky[hevr_jZat_fh\5,00>eyihjlZlb\guokbkl_fjZajZ[Zlu\Z_lky fh[bevgZy\_j
kby5,00gZau\Z_fZy625,006PDOO2XWOLQH5,00

DZ`ûcfh^mev5,00bf__lihahehq_gguodhglZdlZjZa^_e_gguogZ^\_]jmiiuih
dhglZdlZgZdZ`^hcklhjhg_fh^meyGZagZq_gb_\u\h^h\fh^mey5,00ijb\_^_gh\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 6.4. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ìîäóëÿ RIMM
Êîíòàêò Íàçíà÷åíèå Êîíòàêò Íàçíà÷åíèå Êîíòàêò Íàçíà÷åíèå Êîíòàêò Íàçíà÷åíèå
A1 Îáùèé B1 Îáùèé A47 NC B47 NC
A2 LDQA8 B2 LDQA7 A48 NC B48 NC
A3 Îáùèé B3 Îáùèé A49 NC B49 NC
A4 LDQA6 B4 LDQA5 A50 NC B50 NC
A5 Îáùèé B5 Îáùèé A51 Vref B51 Vref
A6 LDQA4 B6 LDQA3 A52 Îáùèé B52 Îáùèé
A7 Îáùèé B7 Îáùèé A53 SCL B53 SA0
A8 LDQA2 B8 LDQA1 A54 Vdd B54 Vdd
A9 Îáùèé B9 Îáùèé A55 SDA B55 SA1
A10 LDQA0 B10 LCFM A56 SVdd B56 SVdd
A11 Îáùèé B11 Îáùèé A57 SWP B57 SA2
A12 LCTMN B12 LCFMN A58 Vdd B58 Vdd
A13 Îáùèé B13 Îáùèé A59 RSCK B59 RCMD
A14 LCTM B14 NC A60 Îáùèé B60 Îáùèé
A15 Îáùèé B15 Îáùèé A61 RDQB7 B61 RDQB8
A16 NC B16 LROW2 A62 Îáùèé B62 Îáùèé
A18 LROW1 B18 LROW0 A64 Îáùèé B64 Îáùèé
A20 LCOL4 B20 LCOL3 A66 Îáùèé B66 Îáùèé
A22 LCOL2 B22 LCOL1 A68 Îáùèé B68 Îáùèé
A23 Îáùèé B23 Îáùèé A69 RCOL0 B69 RDQB0
A24 LCOL0 B24 LDQB0 A70 Îáùèé B70 Îáùèé
A25 Îáùèé B25 Îáùèé A71 RCOL2 B71 RCOL1
A26 LDQB1 B26 LDQB2 A72 Îáùèé B72 Îáùèé
A27 Îáùèé B27 Îáùèé A73 RCOL4 B73 RCOL3
A29 Îáùèé B29 Îáùèé A75 RROW1 B75 RROW0
A31 Îáùèé B31 Îáùèé A77 NC B77 RROW2
A33 Îáùèé B33 Îáùèé A79 RCTM B79 NC
A34 LSCK B34 LCMD A80 Îáùèé B80 Îáùèé
A35 Vcmos B35 Vcmos A81 RCTMN B81 RCFMN
A36 SOUT B36 SIN A82 Îáùèé B82 Îáùèé
A37 Vcmos B37 Vcmos A83 RDQA0 B83 RCFM

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Êîíòàêò Íàçíà÷åíèå Êîíòàêò Íàçíà÷åíèå Êîíòàêò Íàçíà÷åíèå Êîíòàêò Íàçíà÷åíèå
A38 NC B38 NC A84 Îáùèé B84 Îáùèé
A39 Îáùèé B39 Îáùèé A85 RDQA2 B85 RDQA1
A41 Vdd B41 Vdd A87 RDQA4 B87 RDQA3
A42 Vdd B42 Vdd A88 Îáùèé B88 Îáùèé
A43 NC B43 NC A89 RDQA6 B89 RDQA5
A45 NC B45 NC A91 RDQA8 B91 RDQA7
Fh^meb5,00bf_xlihk_j_^bg_^\ZdexqZdhlhju_kh^ghcklhjhguij_^hl\jZsZxl
g_ijZ\bevgmx mklZgh\dm\jZat_fZk^jm]hc²mdZau\ZxljZ[hq__gZijy`_gb_<gZklhys__
\j_fyijZdlbq_kdb\k_fh^meb5,00bf_xljZ[hq__gZijy`_gb_<h^gZdh\kdhj_^he`
gu ihy\blvky mkljhckl\Z k ihgb`_gguf wg_j]hihlj_[e_gb_f >ey gh\uo lbih\ fh^me_c
ij_^gZagZq_gu ^hihegbl_evgu_ dexqbjbk H^bgba dexq_c \ fh^me_ bf__l nbdkbjh
\Zggh_iheh`_gb_hggZau\Z_lky'$780$Zlbibkihevam_fh]h fh^meymdZau\Z_l^jm]hc
dexqdhlhjucjZkiheh`_ggZg_dhlhjhfjZkklhygbbkijbjZs_gb_f bebffhli_j\h]h
dexqZ'$780$<gZklhys__\j_fybkihevamxlky fh^meblbiZ:<IZjZf_ljudex
q_cbbogZagZq_gb_ijb\_^_gu\lZ[e
JbkJZkiheh`_gb_dexq_cfh^me_c5,00

Òàáëèöà 6.5. Ïàðàìåòðû êëþ÷åé ìîäóëåé RIMM è èõ íàçíà÷åíèå
Òèï Ðàññòîÿíèå îò êëþ÷à DATUM A, ìì Îïèñàíèå
A 11,5 2,5 Â
B 12,5 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
C 13,5 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
< dZ`^hf fh^me_ 5,00 mklZgZ\eb\Z_lky fbdjhko_fZ 6HULDO 3UHVHQFH 'HWHFW 63' dhlh
jZyij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hci_j_aZibku\Z_fh_ ihklhyggh_aZihfbgZxs__ mkljhckl\h<g_fojZ
gblkybgnhjfZpbyhjZaf_j_blbi_5,00\dexqZy[he__^_lZevgu_k\_^_gbyêydhgljhe
e_jZ iZfylb Dhgljhee_j kqblu\Z_l wlm bgnhjfZpbx b dhgnb]mjbjm_l k __ ihfhsvx mklZ
gh\e_ggmxiZfylv
GZ jbk ihdZaZgZ ko_fZ mklZgh\db fh^mey 5,00 Dhljhee_j 5'5$0 b lZdlh\uc ]_
g_jZlhjh[uqghmklZgZ\eb\Zxlky gZkbkl_fghcieZl_by\eyxlkyqZklvxdhfihg_glZkbkl_f
ghc eh]bdb 1RUWK %ULGJH DZd \b^bl_ ljb fh^mey 5,00 ih^dexqZxlky ihke_^h\Zl_evgh d
dhgljhee_jmiZfylbDZ`ûcfh^mevkh^_j`blbebfbdjhko_f5'5$0ZlZd`_fbd
jhko_fm63'DZ`ûcgh\ucfh^mev5,00g_h[oh^bfh ih^dexqZlvg_ihkj_^kl\_ggh aZih
ke_^gbfmklZgh\e_gguf <dZ`ûcimklhcjZat_fg_h[oh^bfh mklZgh\blvfh^mevkh]eZkh\Z
gby gZ jbk hg mklZgh\e_g \ ihke_^gbc k\h[h^guc jZat_f <j_f_ggu_ oZjZdl_jbklbdb
jZ[hlu iZfylb gZdeZû\Zxl h]jZgbq_gb_ gZ jZkklhygb_ f_`^m i_j\uf fh^me_f 5,00 b
dhgljhee_jhf iZfylb gZ kbkl_fghc ieZl_² g_ [he__ ^xcfh\ ff H[sZy êbgZ
rbgug_^he`gZij_\urZlvjZkklhygb_dhlhjh_kb]gZeijhc^_laZq_luj_lZdlZhdhehgk
JbkMklZgh\dZfh^me_c5,00gZkbkl_fghcieZl_
Bgl_j_kghqlh5DPEXVg_ijhba\h^blgbfbdjhko_f5'5$0gbfbdjhko_f5,00wlh
^_eZxl^jm]b_dhfiZgbb5DPEXV² wlhdhfiZgbyki_pbZebabjmxsZyky gZjZajZ[hld_fbd
jhko_fZg_gZboijhba\h^kl\_ 5DPEXViha\hey_l ^jm]bf dhfiZgbyf bkihevah\Zlv __ l_o
gheh]bxijbijhba\h^kl\_ mkljhckl\bfh^me_cIhdjZcg_cf_j_dhfiZgbcihemqbebeb
p_gabx gZ ijhba\h^kl\h iZfylb 5'5$0 kj_^b dhlhjuo )XMLWVX /WG +LWDFKL /WG +\XQGDL
(OHFWURQLFV,QGXVWU\&R/WG,%00LFURHOHFWURQLFV /*6HPLFRQGXFWRU &R/WG0LFURQ7HFKQRO
RJ\,QF0LWVXELVKL(OHFWULF&RUS1(&&RUS2NL(OHFWULF,QGXVWU\&R/WG6DPVXQJ(OHFWURQLFV
&RUS6LHPHQV$*b7RVKLED&RUS<k_wlbdhfiZgbbijhba\h^ylfbdjhko_fu5'5$0bfh
^meb5,00

DDR SDRAM
IZfylv ''5 'RXEOH 'DWD 5DWH² ^\hcgZy kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo² wlh _s_ [he__
mkh\_jr_gkl\h\Zgguc klZg^Zjl 6'5$0 ijb bkihevah\Zgbb dhlhjh]h kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb
^Zgguom^\Zb\Z_lkyWlh^hklb]Z_lkyg_aZkq_lm^\h_gbylZdlh\hcqZklhluZaZkq_li_j_^Z
qb ^Zgguo ^\Z jZaZ aZ h^bg pbde i_j\uc jZa \ gZqZe_ pbdeZ Z \lhjhc² \ dhgp_ Bf_ggh
[eZ]h^Zjy wlhfm b m^\Zb\Z_lky kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb ijb lhf qlh bkihevamxlky l_ `_ kZfu_
qZklhlubkbgojhgbabjmxsb_ kb]gZeu
IZfylv ''5 ij_êZ]Z_lky \uimkdZxsbfb ijhp_kkhju dhfiZgbyfb lZdbfb dZd $0' b
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dhlhjhcg_gm`gZebp_gabykljhblkygZhkgh\_fbdjhko_f5'5$0NbjfZ,QWHO\k\hbogh
\uo\ukhdhijhba\h^bl_evguo dhfivxl_jZo \uimkdZ_fuo \]h^mmklZgZ\eb\Z_l lhevdh
fbdjhko_fu5'5$0ZiZfylv''5²\^_r_\uoi_jkhgZevguo dhfivxl_jZoHnbpbZevgh
klZg^ZjlbaZpby ''5 [ueZ ij_îjbgylZ Dhgkhjpbmfhf ''5 \ dhlhjuc \oh^yl nbjfu )X
MLWVX/WG+LWDFKL/WG+\XQGDL(OHFWURQLFV,QGXVWULHV&R0LWVXELVKL(OHFWULF&RUS1(&&RUS
6DPVXQJ(OHFWURQLFV&R7H[DV,QVWUXPHQWV,QFb7RVKLED&RUS
< hkgh\ghf iZfylv ''5 6'5$0 bkihevam_lky \ kbkl_fZo hkgZs_gguo ijhp_kkhjZfb
nbjf$0'b&\UL[
Ôèçè÷åñêàÿ ïàìÿòü
H[t_f nbabq_kdhc iZfylb dhfivxl_jZ aZ\bkbl hl lbiZ bkihevam_fh]h ijhp_kkhjZ b Zjob
l_dlmjukbkl_fghcieZlu<ijhp_kkhjZobk^\Z^pZlvxebgbyfbZ^j_kZh[t_fiZfy
lbg_ij_\urZ_lF[ZclD[ZclIjhp_kkhjub6;bf_xlebgbbZ^j_kZbfh
]mlZ^j_kh\Zlv^hF[ZcliZfylbMijhp_kkhjh\'; 3HQWLXP3HQWLXP00;b3HQ
WLXP3UR ebgbb Z^j_kZ b hgb fh]ml \aZbfh^_ckl\h\Zlv k iZfylvx h[t_fhf ^h =[Zcl
Ijhp_kkhj3HQWLXP,,,,,bf__lebgbcZ^j_kZb\khklhygbbh[jZ[Zlu\Zlv=[Zcl
J_`bfwfmeypbbijhp_kkhjZ fbdjhijhp_kkhjZfb b\ur_gZau\Z_lky j_Zevguf
j_`bfhf jZ[hlu kbkl_fu Wlh _^bgkl\_ggh \hafh`guc j_`bf ijhp_kkhjh\ b \
dhfivxl_jZo 3&b;7<j_Zevghfj_`bf_\k_ijhp_kkhju^Z`_\k_fh]msbc3HQWLXPfh]ml
Z^j_kh\Zlv lhevdh F[Zcl iZfylb ijb wlhf D[Zcl aZj_a_j\bjh\Zgh êy kbkl_fguo
gm`^ Iheghklvx \hafh`ghklb Z^j_kZpbb iZfylb ijhp_kkhjh\ b ihke_^mxsbo fh]ml
[ulvj_Zebah\Zgu lhevdh\aZsbs_gghfj_`bf_
DZd m`_ hlf_qZehkv ijhp_kkhj 3HQWLXP,,&HOHURQ3HQWLXP,,, fh`_l Z^j_kh\Zlv ^h
=[ZcliZfylb?kebm\Zkdh]^Zgb[m^v\hagbdg_lb^_ygZjZklblviZfylv^hwlh]hh[t_fZ
lhbf_cl_\\b^mqlhijbgug_rg_cg_[hevrhcklhbfhklb[ukljh^_ckl\mxsbo fbdjhko_f
wlhh[hc^_lky\Zf\^h\hevghdjm]e_gvdmx kmffm>Z`__keb\Zfbm^Zklkybodmiblvlhmq
lbl_ qlh fZdkbfZevgZy _fdhklv dhglZdlguo fh^me_c ',00 khklZ\ey_l F[Zcl GZ
[hevrbgkl\_ kh\j_f_gguo kbkl_fguo ieZl ij_^mkfhlj_gh hl lj_o ^h r_klb jZat_fh\ êy
fh^me_c ',00 Wlh hagZqZ_l qlh h[sbc h[t_f iZfylb ijb aZiheg_gbb \k_o jZat_fh\ g_
ij_\ukbl=[ZclDlhfm`_ke_^m_lmq_klvh]jZgbq_gbygZdeZû\Z_fu_ gZ[hjhffbdjh
ko_f gZijbf_j h[t_f dwrbjm_fhc iZfylb LZd \ [hevrbgkl\h dhfivxl_jh\ gZ hkgh\_
3HQWLXP,,fh`ghmklZgh\blviZfylv_fdhklvxg_[he__=[Zcl
Ijbbkihevah\Zgbb g_dhlhjuokbkl_fguoieZlkijhp_kkhjZfb bZ^j_kZpbyiZfy
lbk\ur_F[Zcl\uau\Z_lkeh`ghklbk\yaZggu_kdhgljhee_jhf ijyfh]h^hklmiZdiZfy
lb?keb\jZat_frbgu,6$mklZgh\e_gZ^Zil_jdhlhjucbkihevam_ldZgZe'0$lhijbmk
lZgh\d_iZfylbh[t_fhf[he__F[Zclfh]ml\hagbdgmlvijh[e_fuihkdhevdmZjobl_dlmjZ
rbgu,6$iha\hey_lhj]Zgbah\Zlv dZgZe'0$lhevdh\ij_^_eZoi_j\uoF[ZclIhiuldZ
i_j_^Zlv^Zggu_\h[eZklv\ur_F[Zclijb\_^_ldgZjmr_gbxjZ[hludhfivxl_jZ

Ìîäóëè SIMM è DIMM
<[hevrbgkl\_ kh\j_f_gguo dhfivxl_jh\ \f_klhhl^_evguofbdjhko_fiZfylb bkihev
amxlky fh^meb 6,00 beb ',00 ij_^klZ\eyxsb_ kh[hc g_[hevrb_ ieZlu dhlhju_ mklZ
gZ\eb\Zxlky\ki_pbZevgu_ jZat_fugZkbkl_fghcieZl_bebieZl_iZfylbHl^_evgu_fbd
jhko_fulZdijbiZygudieZl_fh^mey6,00beb',00qlh\uiZylvbaZf_gblvboijZdlb
q_kdb g_\hafh`gh Ijb ihy\e_gbb g_bkijZ\ghklb ijboh^blky aZf_gylv \_kv fh^mev Ih
kms_kl\mfh^mev6,00beb',00fh`ghkqblZlvh^ghc[hevrhcfbdjhko_fhc
< 3&kh\f_klbfuo dhfivxl_jZo ijbf_gyxlky \ hkgh\ghf ^\Z lbiZ fh^me_c 6,00
dhglZdlgu_ jZajy^h\ b dhglZdlgu_ jZajy^h\ I_j\u_ ba gbo f_gvr_ ih jZaf_jZf
Fbdjhko_fu \ fh^meyo 6,00 fh]ml mklZgZ\eb\Zlvky dZd gZ h^ghc lZd b gZ h[_bo klhjhgZo
ieZluBkihevah\Zgb_ dhglZdlguofh^me_cg_wnn_dlb\gh ihkdhevdmêyaZiheg_gbyh^gh]h
[ZgdZ iZfylb gh\uo jZajy^guo kbkl_f lj_[m_lky \hk_fv lZdbo fh^me_c Ihwlhfm \ gh\uo
kbkl_fZokijhp_kkhjZfb3HQWLXP00;3HQWLXP3URb3HQWLXP,,bkihevamxlkydhglZdlgu_
fh^meb',00jZajy^gu_[_a[blh\q_lghklbbebjZajy^gu_k[blZfbq_lghklb
GZjbkbihdZaZgulbibqgu_bdhglZdlgu_fh^meb6,00ZlZd`_
dhglZdlgu_ fh^meb ',00 DhglZdlu gmf_jmxlky ke_\Z gZijZ\h b jZkiheZ]Zxlky k h[_bo
klhjhgieZlufh^mey
JbkH[uqgucdhglZdlgucjZajy^gucfh^mev6,00
JbkH[uqgucdhglZdlgucjZajy^gucfh^mev6,00

JbkH[uqgucdhglZdlgucjZajy^gucfh^mev',00
H^bghqguc fh^mev iZfylb k \u\h^Zfb ghkbl gZa\Zgb_ 6,33 ohly \ ^_ckl\bl_evghklb wlh
6,00k\u\h^Zfb\f_klhdhglZdlh\<u\hûij_^mkfhlj_guki_pbZevghêylh]hqlh[ufh^mev
fh`gh [ueh mklZgh\blv \ êbgguc jZat_f dhlhjuc gZfgh]h ^_r_\e_ klZg^Zjlgh]h jZat_fZ
6,00JZat_fêy6,33om`_q_fêy6,00ihkdhevdmg_iha\hey_lijb`Zlvfh^mevddhglZdlZf
lZdqlh[uij_^hl\jZlblvhdbke_gb_K_]h^gyfh^meb6,33bkihevamxlkyj_^dh
Çàìå÷àíèå
dÕÖÏÓÛÏÕÌÒÔÍÓÔÉàÑÔÉàÕÖÌÊÖÈØÏØáÒÔË¿Ñá6,33Ê6,00ÔÉÖÌÎÈÊÝØàÖÌÊàÌ²ÔÓØÈ²ØàÈÒÔå
Ë¿Ñá 6,00² Ê 6,33 ÕÖÏÕÈÇÊ ÏÚ oÌ²ÔØÔÖàÌ ²ÔÒÕÈÓÏÏ ÊàÕ¿×²ÈãØ ×ÕÌÛÏÈÑáÓàÌ ÈËÈÕØÌÖà ÕÔå
ÎÊÔÑÇãÞÏÌÏ×ÕÔÑáÎÔÊÈØá6,33Ê²ÈÜÌ×ØÊÌå²ÔÓØÈ²ØÓàÚ6,00
Mqblu\Zy _fdhklv fh^me_c 6,00 fh`gh kdZaZlv qlh k^_eZgu hgb \_kvfZ dhfiZdlgh
?fdhklb fh^me_c fh]ml [ulv jZaebqgufb < lZ[e ijb\_^_gu _fdhklb b
dhglZdlguofh^me_c6,00ZlZd`_dhglZdlguofh^me_c',00
Òàáëèöà 6.6. Åìêîñòü ìîäóëåé SIMM è DIMM
30-êîíòàêòíûå ìîäóëè SIMM
Åìêîñòü Ìîäóëè ñ êîíòðîëåì ÷åòíîñòè Ìîäóëè áåç êîíòðîëÿ ÷åòíîñòè
256 Êáàéò 256 Êáàéòu9 256 Êáàéòu8
1 Ìáàéò 1 Ìáàéòu9 1 Ìáàéòu8
72-êîíòàêòíûå ìîäóëè SIMM
1 Ìáàéò 256 Êáàéòu36 256 Êáàéòu32
2 Ìáàéò 512 Êáàéòu36 512 Êáàéòu32

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
168-êîíòàêòíûå ìîäóëè DIMM

Fh^mebkjZaghc_fdhklvxfh]mlbf_lvjZaebqgh_[ukljh^_ckl\b_ >eyfbdjhko_f^bgZ
fbq_kdhc iZfylb '5$0 mklZgZ\eb\Z_fuo \ fh^meyo 6,00 hgh \Zjvbjm_lky hl ^h
gk<i_j\uodhfivxl_jZo bkihevah\Zebkv fh^mebk\j_f_g_f^hklmiZgk>h\hevgh
[ukljh hgb [ueb \ul_kg_gu [he__ kh\_jr_ggufb fh^meyfb \j_fy ^hklmiZ gk b f_gv
r_K_cqZkqZs_\k_]hfh`gh\klj_lblvfh^meb6,00k\j_f_g_f^hklmiZ bgk>ey
fbdjhko_f',00hgh\Zjvbjm_lkyhl^hgkFh`ghhlukdZlvfh^mebdZdkf_g__lZdb
k[he__\ukhdbf[ukljh^_ckl\b_f ghbkihevamxlky hgbj_`_bgZclbboljm^g__?keb\Zf
gm`gu fh^meb k dhgdj_lguf \j_f_g_f ^hklmiZ bkihevamcl_ [he__ [ukljh^_ckl\mxsb_ <
h^ghf dhfivxl_j_ fh`gh mklZgZ\eb\Zlv fh^meb 6,00 k jZaguf [ukljh^_ckl\b_f gh dh
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ìîäóëåé DIMM
Êîí- Áåç ïðîâåðêè Ñ ïðîâåðêîé ÷åòíîñòè Êîí- Áåç ïðîâåðêè Ñ ïðîâåðêîé ÷åòíîñòè
òàêò ÷åòíîñòè (x64) èëè ñ êîäàìè ñ òàêò ÷åòíîñòè (x64) èëè ñ êîäàìè ñ èñïðàâ-
èñïðàâëåíèåì îøèáîê ëåíèåì îøèáîê (x72)
(x72)
1 Îáùèé Îáùèé 85 Îáùèé Îáùèé

2 Áèò äàííûõ 0 Áèò äàííûõ 0 86 Áèò äàííûõ 32 Áèò äàííûõ 32
6 +5 Â +5 Â 90 +5 Â +5 Â
18 +5 Â +5 Â 102 +5 Â +5 Â
21 Íå ñîåäèíåí Êîíòðîëüíûé áèò 0 105 Íå ñîåäèíåí Êîíòðîëüíûé áèò 4
24 Íå ñîåäèíåí Íå ñîåäèíåí 108 Íå ñîåäèíåí Íå ñîåäèíåí
26 +5 Â +5 Â 110 +5 Â +5 Â
27 Write Enable Write Enable 111 Column Address Column Address
Strobe Strobe
28 Byte Mask 0 Byte Mask 0 112 Byte Mask 4 Byte Mask 4
30 S0 S0 114 S1 S1
31 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí 115 Row Address Strobe Row Address Strobe
33 Ðàçðÿä àäðåñà 0 Ðàçðÿä àäðåñà 0 117 Ðàçðÿä àäðåñà 1 Ðàçðÿä àäðåñà 1

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38 Ðàçðÿä àäðåñà 10 Ðàçðÿä àäðåñà 10 122 Bank Address 0 Bank Address 0
39 Bank Address 1 Bank Address 1 123 Ðàçðÿä àäðåñà 11 Ðàçðÿä àäðåñà 11
40 +5 Â +5 Â 124 +5 Â +5 Â
41 +5 Â +5 Â 125 Clock 1 Clock 1
42 Clock 0 Clock 0 126 Ðàçðÿä àäðåñà 12 Ðàçðÿä àäðåñà 12
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45 S2 S2 129 S3 S3
48 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí 132 Ðàçðÿä àäðåñà 13 Ðàçðÿä àäðåñà 13
49 +5 Â +5 Â 133 +5 Â +5 Â
56 Áèò äàííûõ 1 7 Áèò äàííûõ 1 7 140 Áèò äàííûõ 49 Áèò äàííûõ 49
59 +5 Â +5 Â 143 +5 Â +5 Â
62 Voltage Refer- Voltage Reference 146 Voltage Reference Voltage Reference
ence
63 Clock Enable 1 Clock Enable 1 147 Íå ñîåäèíåí Íå ñîåäèíåí

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73 +5 Â +5 Â 157 +5 Â +5 Â
79 Clock 2 Clock 2 163 Clock 3 Clock 3
81 Íå ñîåäèíåí Íå ñîåäèíåí 165 Serial PD Address 0 Serial PD Address 0
82 Serial Data I/O Serial Data I/O 166 Serial PD Address 1 Serial PD Address 1
83 Serial Clock Input Serial Clock Input 167 Serial PD Address 2 Serial PD Address 2
84 +5 Â +5 Â 168 +5 Â +5 Â
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Ìèêðîñõåìà ïàìÿòè Îïèñàíèå
16 Êáàéòu1 Óñòàíàâëèâàëèñü íà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòå òèïà 1 ïåðâîãî IBM PC

64 Êáàéòu1 Óñòàíàâëèâàëèñü íà ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòå òèïà 2 ñòàíäàðòíîãî êîìïüþòåðà IBM
PC è íà ñèñòåìíûõ ïëàòàõ òèïîâ 1 è 2 êîìïüþòåðà XT. Èñïîëüçîâàëèñü âî
ìíîãèõ äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ ïëàòàõ àäàïòåðîâ (íàïðèìåð, â ïëàòå AST)
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ïðåäñòàâëÿëè ñîáîé ñòðàííóþ êîíñòðóêöèþ èç äâóõ ìèêðîñõåì ïî 64 Êáàéò
(îäíà èç íèõ áûëà ïðèêëååíà ê äðóãîé, è îáå îíè âïàèâàëèñü â ïëàòó). Îä-
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äëÿ õðàíåíèÿ áèòîâ ÷åòíîñòè

Ìèêðîñõåìà ïàìÿòè Îïèñàíèå
256 Êáàéòu1 (èëè Íåêîòîðîå âðåìÿ øèðîêî ïðèìåíÿëèñü â ñèñòåìíûõ ïëàòàõ è ïëàòàõ ïàìÿ-
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à òàêæå âî ìíîãèõ ñîâìåñòèìûõ êîìïüþòåðàõ
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256 Êáàéòu4)
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16 Ìáàéòu1 (èëè Çà÷àñòóþ èñïîëüçóþòñÿ â ìîäóëÿõ SIMM åìêîñòüþ 1632 Ìáàéò

4 Ìáàéòu4)
64 Ìáàéòu1 (èëè Ïðèìåíÿþòñÿ â ìîäóëÿõ ïàìÿòè åìêîñòüþ áîëåå 16 Ìáàéò, êàê ïðàâèëî â
16 Ìáàéòu4) ïîðòàòèâíûõ êîìïüþòåðàõ
256 Ìáàéòu1 (èëè Ïîÿâèëèñü íà ðûíêå íåäàâíî. Ìîäóëè SIMM, ïîñòðîåííûå íà îñíîâå òàêèõ
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Òàáëèöà 6.8. Ðàçðÿäíîñòè áàíêîâ äàííûõ â ðàçëè÷íûõ ñèñòåìàõ
Ïðîöåññîð Ðàçðÿäíîñòü Ðàçðÿäíîñòü Ðàçðÿäíîñòü Êîëè÷åñòâî Êîëè÷åñòâî Êîëè÷åñ-òâî
øèíû äàííûõ áàíêà (áåç áàíêà 30-êîíòàêò- 72-êîíòàêò- 168-
áèòîâ (ñ áèòàìè íûõ ìîäóëåé íûõ ìîäóëåé êîíòàêòíûõ
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îäèí áàíê
8088 8 8 9 1
8086 16 16 18 2
286 16 16 18 2
386SX, SL, SLC 16 16 18 2
486SLC, SLC2 16 16 18 2
386DX 32 32 36 4 1
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DX2, DX4,
5õ86
Pentium, K6 64 64 72 8 2 1
Pentium Pro, 64 64 72 8 2 1
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Ìèêðîñõåìû ROM àäàïòåðîâ è ïàìÿòü ñïåöèàëüíîãî íàçíà÷åíèÿ

AZ h[eZklvx \b^_hiZfylb gZqbgZy k k_]f_glZ K ke_^m_l D[Zcl \_jog_c iZfylb
aZj_a_j\bjh\Zgguo êyki_pbZevguoijh]jZffbeb%,26Z^Zil_jh\dhlhju_mklZgh\e_gu\
jZat_fu gZ kbkl_fghc ieZl_ Ijh]jZffu %,26 ³aZrblu´ \ ki_pbZevgu_ fbdjhko_fu 520
gZieZlZoZ^Zil_jh\<h[eZklviZfylbfbdjhko_f520aZibku\Zxlky ijh]jZffudhlhju_
g_ ^he`gu baf_gylvky \ ijhp_kk_ wdkiemZlZpbb kbkl_fu LZdhc kihkh[ ojZg_gby ijh]jZff
bkihevam_lky \ ]jZnbq_kdbo ieZlZo dhgljhee_jZo `_kldbo ^bkdh\ dhffmgbdZpbhgguo ieZ
lZo b ieZlZo ^hihegbl_evghc iZfylb G_dhlhju_ ijhba\h^bl_eb bkihevamxl fbdjhko_fu
((3520 ^Zggu_ \ dhlhjuo fh`gh h[gh\eylv H[gh\e_gby fbdjhijh]jZff ihklZ\eyxlky
ijhba\h^bl_e_f mkljhckl\Z
<kbkl_fZogZ[Za_ijhp_kkhjZbihke_^mxsbo kihfhsvxijh]jZff²^bki_lq_jh\
iZfylb \ g_aZgylu_ mqZkldb \_jog_c iZfylb fh`gh aZ]jm`Zlv ^jZc\_ju mkljhckl\ b j_ab
^_glgu_ijh]jZffu
Kihfhsvxwlbo%,26jZ[hlZ_ll_ogheh]by3OXJDQG3OD\² hi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ:LQ
GRZVo beb :LQGRZV kqblu\Z_l bgnhjfZpbx h[ mkljhckl\_ b Z\lhfZlbq_kdb mklZgZ\
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BIOS âèäåîàäàïòåðîâ
G_kfhljy gZ lh qlh êy %,26 \b^_hZ^Zil_jh\ \ \_jog_c iZfylb aZj_a_j\bjh\Zgh
D[ZclgZqbgZykk_]f_glZ&mklZgZ\eb\Z_fu_ \dhfivxl_jZo \b^_hZ^Zil_ju g_bk
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Òàáëèöà 6.9. Îáúåìû ïàìÿòè, èñïîëüçóåìûå äëÿ BIOS ðàçëè÷íûõ
âèäåîàäàïòåðîâ
Òèï àäàïòåðà Îáúåì ïàìÿòè, Êáàéò
MDA Íåò (äðàéâåðû âêëþ÷åíû â ñèñòåìíóþ BIOS)

CGA Íåò (äðàéâåðû âêëþ÷åíû â ñèñòåìíóþ BIOS)
EGA 16 (Ñ0000C3FFF)
VGA 32 (Ñ0000Ñ7FFF)
SVGA 32 (Ñ0000Ñ7FFF)
>eyih\ur_gbykdhjhklbj_]_g_jZpbbbah[jZ`_gbc \ ]jZnbq_kdbo hi_jZpbhgguo kbkl_

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\k_D[Zcl\_jog_ciZfylbgZqbgZykk_]f_glZKDjhf_lh]hwlb]jZnbq_kdb_ ieZlu
fh]mlbf_lvkh[kl\_ggu_ \kljh_ggu_fbdjhko_fuiZfylbh[t_fhfk\ur_F[Zclêy\j_
f_ggh]h ojZg_gby bah[jZ`_gby b ih\ur_gby kdhjhklb ijb_fZ gh\uo ]jZnbq_kdbo ^Zgguo
i_j_^Z\Z_fuo ijhp_kkhjhf êy\u\h^ZgZwdjZg
BIOS êîíòðîëëåðà æåñòêîãî äèñêà è îñíîâíîãî àäàïòåðà SCSI

:^j_kZ\_jog_ciZfylbK±'))))bkihevamxlky lZd`_êyjZaf_s_gby%,26fgh]bo
dhgljhee_jh\ `_kldh]h^bkdZ<lZ[eijb\_^_guh[t_fu iZfylb b ^bZiZahgu Z^j_kh\
dhlhju_h[uqghbkihevamxlky êy%,26Z^Zil_jh\`_kldh]h^bkdZ
Òàáëèöà 6.10. Äèàïàçîíû àäðåñîâ è îáúåìû ïàìÿòè, èñïîëüçóåìûå
àäàïòåðàìè æåñòêèõ äèñêîâ
Òèï àäàïòåðà Ðàçìåð BIOS, Êáàéò Äèàïàçîí àäðåñîâ BIOS
Áîëüøèíñòâî XT-ñîâìåñòèìûõ 8 C8000C9FFF

êîíòðîëëåðîâ
Áîëüøèíñòâî êîíòðîëëåðîâ AT 0 Äðàéâåðû â ñèñòåìíîé BIOS
Áîëüøèíñòâî ñòàíäàðòíûõ êîí- 0 Äðàéâåðû â ñèñòåìíîé BIOS
òðîëëåðîâ IDE
Áîëüøèíñòâî êîíòðîëëåðîâ 16 C8000CBFFF
EIDE
Íåêîòîðûå êîíòðîëëåðû SCSI 16 C8000CBFFF èëè DC000-DFFFF
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Îáçîð èíòåðôåéñà IDE 406
Èñòîðèÿ ðàçâèòèÿ èíòåðôåéñà IDE 406
Èíòåðôåéñ IDE 407
Ïåðâûå IDE-äèñêè 409
Èíòåðôåéñû IDE äëÿ ðàçëè÷íûõ ñèñòåìíûõ øèí 410
ATA IDE-íàêîïèòåëè 411
Òðåáîâàíèÿ ñòàíäàðòà ATA 411
ATA-1 412
Ñòàíäàðò ATA-2 417
ATA/ATAPI-4 423
ATA/ATAPI-5 423
Îáçîð èíòåðôåéñà IDE
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ku\Zxlky lZdb_ ^bkdh\u_ bgl_jn_cku dZd 67 (6', b ,'( IjZ\bevguc \u[hj bg
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nu\hkgh\_dhlhjuoe_`Zlg_dhlhju_ q_j_kqmj aZ\ur_ggu_ ihdZaZl_eb hlj_Zevghklb
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\j_fy ihbkdZ kms_kl\_ggh \eby_l gZ [ukljh^_ckl\b_ \uiheg_gby g_dhlhjuo ki_pbZevguo
406 Èíòåðôåéñ IDE

hi_jZpbcgZijbf_jgZkhjlbjh\dm[hevrbonZceh\\oh^_dhlhjhcijhbkoh^blh[jZs_gb_
dkemqZcgh\u[jZggufhl^_evgufaZibkyfnZceZbke_^h\Zl_evgh fgh]hdjZlgh \uihegy_l
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Èíòåðôåéñ Êîãäà èñïîëüçîâàëñÿ
ST-506/412 19781989
ESDI 19861991
SCSI Ñ 1986 ïî íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ
IDE Ñ 1988 ïî íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ
Ba gbo lhevdh i_j\uo ^\Z fh`gh kqblZlv gZklhysbfb bgl_jn_ckZfb f_`^m dhgljhee_
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kl\h kh[jZggh_ ih lhc `_ ko_f_ qlh b Z\lhghfguc (6',dhgljhee_j < bgl_jn_ck_ 6&6,
f_`^mdhgljhee_jhf bkbkl_fghcrbghc\\h^blky_s_h^bgmjh\_gvhj]ZgbaZpbb^Zgguob
mijZ\e_gbyZbgl_jn_ck,'(\aZbfh^_ckl\m_l kkbkl_fghcrbghcg_ihkj_^kl\_ggh
?keb \u aZgbfZ_l_kv \hkklZgh\e_gb_f ^Zgguo lh ^he`gu agZlv bgl_jn_ck k dhlhjuf
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g_kdhevdhjZaebqZxlky?keb^bkdmklZgh\e_gbebgZkljh_gg_ijZ\bevgh beb_]hiZjZf_lju
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djZsZ_lky h[s__ dhebq_kl\h we_f_glh\ \ mkljhckl\_ mf_gvrZ_lky êbgZ kh_^bgbl_evguo
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Èíòåðôåéñ IDE 407

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Êàáåëü ââîäà-âûâîäà ATA

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JbkDZ[_ev$7$,'(
Óïðàâëÿþùèå ñèãíàëû èíòåðôåéñà ATA

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Òàáëèöà 7.2. Ðàñïîëîæåíèå ïåðåêëþ÷àòåëåé äëÿ áîëüøèíñòâà íàêîïèòåëåé
ATA (IDE)
Íàçâàíèå ïåðåêëþ÷àòåëÿ Îäèí íàêîïèòåëü Ïåðâè÷íûé, äâà íàêîïèòåëÿ Âòîðè÷íûé, äâà íàêîïèòåëÿ
Master (M/S) Âêë Âêë Âûêë

Slave Present (SP) Âûêë Âêë Âûêë
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Hij_^_eblv y\ey_lky eb %,26 \ \Zr_c kbkl_f_ memqr_gghc fh`gh ih ke_^mxs_fm
ijbagZdm ?keb \ ijh]jZff_ mklZgh\db iZjZf_ljh\ fh`gh aZ^Zlv [hevr_ pbebg^jh\ agZ
qbl \u bf__l_ ^_eh k memqr_gghc \_jkb_c %,26 ohly hdhgqZl_evguc \u\h^ lhevdh ih
wlhfmijbagZdmk^_eZlvg_evay?keb\f_gxijh]jZffumklZgh\dbiZjZf_ljh\ \ugZc^_l_
imgdl /%$ (&+6 beb /DUJH lh fh`_l_ kqblZlv wlh ^hklZlhqgh ijhajZqguf gZf_dhf gZ
jZkrbj_ggu_ \hafh`ghklb %,26;hevrbgkl\h \_jkbc%,26^Zlbjh\Zgguo ]h^hfb
[he__ iha^gbo y\eyxlky memqr_ggufb ?keb \ \Zr_c kbkl_f_ mklZgh\e_gZ h[uqgZy g_
memqr_ggZy \_jkby%,26lhih^mfZcl_h__fh^_jgbaZpbb

Kms_kl\mxsb_ gZk_]h^gyrgbc ^_gv%,26fh]mlhkms_kl\eylv i_j_kq_lk_dlhjh\lj_fy
kihkh[Zfbiml_fklZg^ZjlghcZ^j_kZpbbpbebg^jh\]heh\hdbk_dlhjh\&\OLQGHU+HDG6HF
WRU²&+6jZkrbj_gghc Z^j_kZpbb([WHQGHG&+6²(&+6bZ^j_kZpbbeh]bq_kdh]h [ehdZ
/RJLFDO %RDUG $GGUHVV² /%$ < lZ[e ijb\_^_gu iZjZf_lju dhlhju_ bkihevamxlky
%,26ijb\aZbfh^_ckl\bb khi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fhckh^ghcklhjhgub`_kldbf^bkdhf²
k^jm]hcijbjZaguokihkh[Zoi_j_kq_lZk_dlhjh\
Òàáëèöà 7.3. Ìåòîäû òðàíñëÿöèè èíòåðôåéñà ATA-2
Ðåæèì BIOS Âçàèìîäåéñòâèå BIOS è îïåðàöèîííîé Âçàèìîäåéñòâèå BIOS è æåñòêîãî äèñêà
ñèñòåìû
Ñòàíäàðòíûé Ëîãè÷åñêèå CHS-ïàðàìåòðû Ëîãè÷åñêèå CHS-ïàðàìåòðû

CHS
ECHS Ïåðåñ÷èòàííûå CHS-ïàðàìåòðû Ëîãè÷åñêèå CHS-ïàðàìåòðû
LBA Ïåðåñ÷èòàííûå CHS-ïàðàìåòðû LBA-ïàðàìåòðû
<klZg^Zjlghf&+6j_`bf_hkms_kl\ey_lky h^bg_^bgkl\_gguc i_j_kq_lk_dlhjh\\gml

jb kZfh]h `_kldh]h ^bkdZ J_ZevgZy ]_hf_ljby \k_o $7$^bkdh\ k ahgghc aZibkvx ihegh
klvxkdjulZhl³\g_rg_]hfbjZ´>Zggu_hdhebq_kl\_pbebg^jh\]heh\hdbk_dlhjh\mdZ
aZggu_\iZkihjlZo`_kldbo^bkdh\²wlhqbklheh]bq_kdb_iZjZf_ljuWlb^Zggu_ij_^gZ
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jZ\_g[ZclfZdkbfZevgZy _fdhklv`_kldh]h^bkdZkhklZ\ey_l=[Zclfej^[Zcl
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%,26 kms_kl\mxl g_dhlhju_ h]jZgbq_gby pbebg^jZ ]heh\hd k_dlhjZ gZ ^h
jh`d_ ihwlhfm h[sZy _fdhklv `_kldh]h ^bkdZ hdZau\Z_lky h]jZgbq_gghc [he__ kdjhfghc
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klvx [he__ u=[Zcl Ih^h[gu_ \_jkbb %,26 mklZgZ\eb\Zxlky \ gh\u_ dhfivxl_ju
gZqbgZyk]h^Z
Ïîâûøåíèå ñêîðîñòè ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ

<klZg^ZjlZo$7$(,'(b$7$ ij_^mkfhlj_gh g_kdhevdhj_`bfh\[ukljh]hh[f_gZ
^Zggufbk`_kldbfb^bkdZfbHibkZgb_wlboj_`bfh\khklZ\ey_lkms_kl\_ggmx qZklvklZg
^ZjlZb\hh[s_k\hbfihy\e_gb_fhg\hfgh]hfh[yaZgbf_gghwlbfgh\uf\hafh`ghklyf
;hevrbgkl\h kh\j_f_gguo [ukljh^_ckl\mxsbo `_kldbo^bkdh\fh`_ljZ[hlZlv\lZdgZau
\Z_fuoj_`bfZo3,2b3,2\dhlhjuokdhjhklvh[f_gZ^ZggufbihemqZ_lkyhq_gv\ukh
dhcWlbj_`bfuhibkZgugb`_
Hl \u[hjZ j_`bfZ 3,2 aZ\bkbl kdhjhklv h[f_gZ ^Zggufb k `_kldbf ^bkdhf < kZfhf
³f_ê_gghf´ j_`bf_ j_`bf êbl_evghklv h^gh]h pbdeZ i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo g_ ij_\urZ_l
gk < dZ`^hf pbde_ i_j_^Z_lky [bl ^Zgguo ihwlhfm l_hj_lbq_kdb ^hklb`bfZy kdh
jhklvh[f_gZ\j_`bf_khklZ\ey_lF[Zclk<[hevrbgkl\_ kh\j_f_gguo`_kldbo^bk
dh\ih^^_j`b\Z_lky j_`bf3,2\dhlhjhfkdhjhklvh[f_gZ^Zgguo^hklb]Z_lF[Zclk
OZjZdl_jbklbdb j_`bfh\3,2ijb\_^_gu\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 7.4. Õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ðåæèìîâ PIO
Ðåæèì PIO Äëèòåëüíîñòü öèêëà, íñ Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ, Ìáàéò/ñ Ñòàíäàðò
0 600 3,3 ATA
1 383 5,2 ATA
2 240 8,3 ATA
3 180 11,11 ATA-2, EIDE, fast-ATA

>eyjZ[hlu\j_`bf_ beb g_h[oh^bfh qlh[uihjl ,'( dhfivxl_jZ hlghkbeky d eh
dZevghcrbg_WlhhagZqZ_lqlhieZlZ,'(dhgljhee_jZ ^he`gZ [ulv mklZgh\e_gZ \ jZat_f
rbgu 9/%XV eb[h 3&, < [hevrbgkl\_ kh\j_f_gguo kbkl_fguo ieZl k ih^^_j`dhc $7$
(,'(kms_kl\m_l^\Z,'(jZat_fZbdZdijZ\behh[ZhgbjZkkqblZgugZih^^_j`dmwlbo
j_`bfh\Gh\g_dhlhjuokbkl_fguoieZlZoêyijhp_kkhjZ b^Z`_3HQWLXPlhevdhi_j
\bqguc\u\hîh^dexqZ_lky dkbkl_fghcehdZevghcrbg_3&,Z\lhjbqgucjZat_fh[uqgh
ih^dexqZ_lky drbg_,6$bihwlhfmfh`_lih^^_j`b\Zlv jZ[hlmlhevdhj_`bfh\b
< hl\_l gZ aZijhk dhfZgû b^_glbnbdZpbb `_kldh]h ^bkdZ ihke_^gbc kj_^b ijhqbo iZ
jZf_ljh\\ha\jZsZ_lbgnhjfZpbx hj_`bfZo3,2b'0$\dhlhjuohgfh`_l jZ[hlZlv <
[hevrbgkl\_ memqr_gguo\_jkbc%,26ij_^mkfhlj_g Z\lhfZlbq_kdbc i_j_ohîjh]jZffu\
j_`bfkhhl\_lkl\mxsbc \hafh`ghklyf `_kldh]h^bkdZ?keb\umklZgh\bl_kdhjhklvh[f_
gZ[hevr_lhcgZdhlhjmxjZkkqblZg`_kldbc^bkd^Zggu_[m^mlml_jygu
<`_kldbo^bkdZokhhl\_lkl\mxsbo klZg^Zjlm$7$ij_^mkfhlj_g [ehqgucj_`bfi_
j_^Zqb^Zgguo%ORFN0RGH3,2kbkihevah\Zgb_f dhfZg^ Read/Write Multiple;eZ]h
^Zjy bf m^Z_lky kms_kl\_ggh khdjZlblv dhebq_kl\h ij_ju\Zgbc hlkueZ_fuo \ Z^j_k p_g
ljZevgh]hijhp_kkhjZbkhhl\_lkl\_ggh mf_gvrblv\j_fyboh[jZ[hldbWlhiha\hey_l_s_
[hevr_ih\ukblvkdhjhklvh[f_gZ^Zggufb
Îáìåí äàííûìè ÷åðåç êàíàë ïðÿìîãî

äîñòóïà ê ïàìÿòè
Wlhl j_`bf \ [hevrbgkl\_ hi_jZpbhgguo kbkl_f b %,26 g_ ij_^mkfhlj_g h^gZdh
klZg^Zjlhf $7$ hg ih^^_j`b\Z_lky I_j_^ZqZ q_j_a dZgZe ijyfh]h ^hklmiZ d iZfylb
'0$ hagZqZ_l qlh \ hlebqb_ hl j_`bfZ 3,2 ^Zggu_ i_j_^Zxlky g_ihkj_^kl\_ggh ba
`_kldh]h^bkdZ\kbkl_fgmxhkgh\gmxiZfylvfbgmyp_gljZevguc ijhp_kkhj
Ijyfhc^hklmidiZfylbfh`_lhkms_kl\eylvky ^\mfykihkh[Zfbh[uqgufbj_`bf_%XV
0DVWHU<i_j\hfkemqZ_h[jZ[hldZaZijhkh\aZo\Zlrbgubi_j_^ZqZ^Zgguohkms_kl\eyx l
ky dhgljhee_jhf '0$ gZ kbkl_fghc ieZl_ <h \lhjhf kemqZ_ \k_ wlb hi_jZpbb \uihegy_l
mkljhckl\h kfhglbjh\Zggh_ gZ kZfhc ieZl_ bgl_jn_ckZ Wlh _kl_kl\_ggh m\_ebqb\Z_l
keh`ghklvbklhbfhklvbgl_jn_ckh\ ih^h[gh]hlbiZ
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g_glu 6RXWK %ULGJH fh]ml ih^^_j`b\Zlv j_`bf %XV 0DVWHU ,'( Ijb wlhf bkihevam_lky j_
`bf%XV0DVWHUgZrbg_3&,ijbi_j_^Zq_^ZgguoJ_`bfu%XV0DVWHU,'(bkdhjhklbi_j_
^Zqbijb\_^_gu\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 7.5. Ðåæèìû Bus Master IDE è ñêîðîñòè ïåðåäà÷è
Ðåæèì Bus Master IDE Ïðîäîëæèòåëüíîñòü öèêëà Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è Ñïåöèôèêàöèè
(íñ) (Ìáàéò/ñ)
0 480 4,16 ATA-2

D kh`Ze_gbx ^Z`_ kZfuc [ukljuc j_`bf %XV0DVWHU,'( bf__l lm `_ kdhjhklv i_j_
^ZqbF[Zclkqlhbj_`bf3,2Wlhk\yaZghkl_fqlhdhgljhee_ju '0$\dhfivx
l_jZokrbghc,6$h[eZ^Zxlhq_gvgbadbf[ukljh^_ckl\b_f Bihwlhfmg_lgbdZdh]hkfukeZ
bkihevah\Zlv boêyjZ[hlukkh\j_f_ggufb `_kldbfb^bkdZfb<[hevrbgkl\_ kemqZ_\j_
dhf_g^m_lkybkihevah\Zlv klZg^Zjlgucj_`bf3,2_keb^bkdh\hû_]hih^^_j`b\Zxl J_
`bfu %XV0DVWHU,'( gbdh]^Z g_ [ueb hq_gv wnn_dlb\gufb b l_i_jv aZf_g_gu j_`bfZfb
8OWUD'0$ih^^_j`b\Z_fufb kh\f_klbfufb mkljhckl\Zfb $7$

Gb`_ijb\_^_guki_pbnbdZpbb j_`bfh\8OWUD'0$dhlhju_\gZklhys__\j_fyhibku
\Zxlkyki_pbnbdZpbyfb $7$b$7$
Ðåæèì Ultra-DMA Âðåìÿ öèêëà, íñ Êîýôôèöèåíò ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ, Ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ
Ìáàéò/ñ
0 240 16,67 ATA-4, Ultra-ATA/33

1 160 25,00 ATA-4, Ultra-ATA/33
2 120 33,33 ATA-4, Ultra-ATA/33
3 90 44,44 ATA-5, Ultra-ATA/66
4 60 66,67 ATA-5, Ultra-ATA/66
Èíòåðôåéñ ATAPI (ATA Packet Interface)

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520b^jm]b_mkljhckl\Zfh`gh[uehih^dexqZlvdh[uqghfm,'(jZat_fmHkgh\gh_ij_
bfms_kl\h mkljhckl\ \uiheg_gguo \ klZg^Zjl_ $7$3, aZdexqZ_lky \ bo ^_r_\bag_ b \ha
fh`ghklbih^dexq_gby dm`_mklZgh\e_gghfm Z^Zil_jmQlhdZkZ_lkygZdhibl_e_c&'520
lhhgbbkihevamxl j_kmjkup_gljZevgh]h ijhp_kkhjZ]hjZa^hj_`_q_fZgZeh]bqgu_ mkljhc
kl\Zih^dexq_ggu_ dki_pbZevguf Z^Zil_jZfghhgbg_^Zxl\ub]jurZ\[ukljh^_ckl\bb
: \hl [ukljh^_ckl\b_ b gZ^_`ghklv gZdhibl_e_c gZ fZ]gblghc e_gl_ fh`_l kms_kl\_ggh
\hajZklb_kebboih^dexqblvdbgl_jn_ckm$7$3,Zg_ddhgljhee_jZf ^bkdh\h^h\gZ]b[
dbo^bkdZo
OhlygZdhibl_eb&'520bih^dexqZxlky dbgl_jn_ckm`_kldh]h^bkdZwlhhlgx^vg_
hagZqZ_lqlhklhqdbaj_gbykbkl_fuhgb\u]ey^yldZdh[uqgu_`_kldb_^bkdbGZijhlb\k
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ATA/ATAPI-4 423

Ãëàâà 8
Èíòåðôåéñ SCSI
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) 426
Ñòàíäàðòû ANSI SCSI 427
Îäíîïðîâîäíûå è äèôôåðåíöèàëüíûå øèíû SCSI 430
Ñòàíäàðòû SCSI-1 è SCSI-2 431
Ñòàíäàðò SCSI-3 432
Êàáåëè è ðàçúåìû SCSI 434
Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ðàçúåìîâ SCSI 436
Ñîâåòû ïî êîíôèãóðàöèè óñòðîéñòâ SCSI 447
Ñðàâíåíèå èíòåðôåéñîâ SCSI è IDE 448
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)
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426 Èíòåðôåéñ SCSI

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Ñòàíäàðòû $16, SCSI

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q_kl\_ g_h[yaZl_evguo [ueb hij_^_e_gu iZjZf_lju [ukljh^_ckl\mxs_]h \ZjbZglZ bgl_j
n_ckZ )DVW 6&6, b _]h jZajy^ghc \_jkbb :,'( 6&6, ?s_ h^ghc hkh[_gghklvx
6&6,bgl_jn_ckZ klZe f_lh^ mihjy^hq_gby dhfZg^ Kmlv _]h k\h^blky d lhfm qlh i_jbn_
jbcgh_mkljhckl\hfh`_lijbgylvkjZamg_kdhevdhdhfZg^b\uihegylvbo\lhfihjy^d_dh
lhjuckhql_lgZb[he__wnn_dlb\guf LZdZy\hafh`ghklv hkh[_ggh\Z`gZijbjZ[hl_kfgh
]haZ^Zqghchi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fhc dh]^Z gZ rbgm 6&6, fh`_l [ulv h^gh\j_f_ggh \u^Zgh
g_kdhevdhaZijhkh\
=jmiiZ;7ijbgyeZklZg^Zjl6&6,ih^rbnjhf; \Z\]mkl_]h^ZZ\
^_dZ[j_lh]h`_]h^Z^hdmf_gl[uehlha\Zgêy^hjZ[hldbi_j_^hdhgqZl_evghc im[ebdZpb
_cHdhgqZl_evgh klZg^Zjl6&6,[ueijbgyllhevdh\yg\Zj_]h^ZohlyhgfZehbaf_
gbekyihkjZ\g_gbxki_j\hgZqZevguf \ZjbZglhf<gZklhys__\j_fyklZg^Zjl6&6,bf__l
rbnj$16,;
IhaZy\e_gbyf[hevrbgkl\Z nbjfijhba\h^bl_e_c bohkgh\gu_Z^Zil_jukhhl\_lkl\mxl
h^gh\j_f_ggh klZg^ZjlZf ; 6&6, b ; 6&6, AZf_lbf qlh \
6&6,ij_^mkfhlj_gu ijZdlbq_kdb\k_\hafh`ghklb 6&6,ihwlhfmex[h_mkljhckl\hkh
hl\_lkl\mxs__ klZg^Zjlm6&6,khhl\_lkl\m_l blj_[h\Zgbyf6&6,Fgh]b_ba]hlh\bl_eb
j_deZfbjmxl k\hb mkljhckl\Z dZd khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ lj_[h\Zgbyf 6&6, gh wlh hlgx^v g_
hagZqZ_l qlh \ gbo ij_^mkfhlj_gu \k_ ^hihegbl_evgu_ g_h[yaZl_evgu_ nmgdpbhgZevgu_
\hafh`ghklb\dexq_ggu_\wlhlklZg^Zjl
GZijbf_j \ g_h[yaZl_evgmx j_dhf_g^m_fmx qZklv \dexq_gh hibkZgb_ [ukljh]h kbg
ojhggh]h j_`bfZ \ dhlhjhf kbgojhgguc h[f_g ^Zggufb ijhbkoh^bl k m^\h_gghc hl ^h
F[Zclk kdhjhklvx JZ[hlZy \ ³[ukljhf´ )DVW j_`bf_ i_j_^Zqb k jZajy^ghc rbghc
:LGH6&6, fh`gh ^h\_klb kdhjhklv h[f_gZ ^Zggufb ^h F[Zclk KlZg^Zjlhf 6&6, \
g_h[yaZl_evghc qZklb ij_^mkfhlj_gZ b [hevrZy jZajy^ghklv rbgu ^Zgguo jZajy^gZy
ghgZk_]h^gyrgbc ^_gvnbjfuba]hlh\bl_eb \ha^_j`b\Zxlky hl\uimkdZjZajy^guomkl
jhckl\baaZbokebrdhf\ukhdhcklhbfhklbIhoh`_qlhjZajy^gZyrbgZ6&6,lZdbhk
lZg_lky qbklh l_hj_lbq_kdbf bah[j_l_gb_f ;hevrbgkl\h 6&6,mkljhckl\ \uimkdZ_lky \
jZajy^ghfbeb³mkdhj_gghjZkrbj_gghf ´)DVW:LGH\ZjbZgl_Gh^Z`_l_bagbo\dhlhjuo
g_ ij_^mkfhlj_g [ukljuc j_`bf b m\_ebq_ggZy jZajy^ghklv rbgu fh]ml khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv
h[yaZl_evguf lj_[h\Zgbyf klZg^ZjlZ6&6,
I_j\ucklZg^Zjl6&6,[uehij_^_e_g\]h^mGhg_dhlhju_ba\uimkdZ_fuo k_]h
^gy mkljhckl\ m`_ khhl\_lkl\mxl hl^_evguf lj_[h\Zgbyf 6&6, ohly kZfb lj_[h\Zgby
hdhgqZl_evgh _s_g_hij_^_e_gu<qZklghklbj_qvb^_lhlZdgZau\Z_fuoj_`bfZo)DVW
8OWUD6&6,b)DVW8OWUD6&6,
< lZ[e ijb\_^_gu fZdkbfZevgu_ agZq_gby kdhjhklb h[f_gZ êy rbg 6&6, k jZaebq
guf[ukljh^_ckl\b_f bjZajy^ghklvx ZlZd`_lbiudZ[_e_cg_h[oh^bfu_ ijbjZ[hl_krb
gZfblhcbebbghcjZajy^ghklb

Òàáëèöà 8.1. Ñêîðîñòü îáìåíà äàííûìè ïî øèíå SCSI
Òåõíî- Ðûíî÷íîå Ðàçðÿä- Ñêîðîñòü Ìàêñè- Òèï êàáåëÿ Ìàêñè- Ìàêñè- Ìàêñè-
ëîãèÿ íàçâàíèå íîñòü ïåðåäà÷è, ìàëüíîå ìàëüíàÿ ìàëüíàÿ ìàëüíàÿ
SCSI øèíû ÌÃö êîëè÷åñòâî äëèíà*, äëèíà**, äëèíà***, ì
óñòðîéñòâ ì ì
Fast-5 Standard 8 5 7 A (50-êîí- 6 25

òàêòíûé)
Fast-5/ Wide 16 10 15 P (68-êîí- 6 25
Wide òàêòíûé)
Fast-10 Fast 8 10 10 A (50-êîí- 3 25
òàêòíûé)
Fast-10/ Fast/Wide 16 20 15 P (68-êîí- 3 25
Wide òàêòíûé)
Fast-20 Ultra 8 20 7 A (50-êîí- 3/ 25
òàêòíûé) 1,5****
Fast-20 Ultra/ 16 40 15 P (68-êîí- 3/ 25
/Wide Wide òàêòíûé) 1,5****
Fast-40 Ultra2 8 40 7 A (50-êîí- 12*****
òàêòíûé)
Fast-40/ Ultra2/ 16 80 15 P (68-êîí- 12*****
Wide Wide òàêòíûé)
Fast-80 Ultra3 8 80 7 A (50-êîí- 12*****
òàêòíûé)
Fast-80/ Ultra3/ 16 160 15 P (68-êîí- 12*****
Wide Wide òàêòíûé)
H^ghijh\h^gZyrbgZ
>bnn_j_gpbZevgZyrbgZ\ukhdh]hgZijy`_gbymklZj_\rZy
>bnn_j_gpbZevgZyrbgZgbadh]hgZijy`_gby
FZdkbfZevgZy êbgZ dZ[_ey h]jZgbq_gZ f _keb ih^dexqZ_lky [he__ lj_o mkl
jhckl\ aZ bkdexq_gb_f hkgh\gh]h Z^Zil_jZ Fh`gh ih^dexqblv fZdkbfmf k_fv mkl
jhckl\
FZdkbfZevgZyêbgZdZ[_eyijbih^dexq_gbblhevdhh^gh]hmkljhckl\Z
Çàìå÷àíèå
lÈÉÌÑá ØÏÕÈ $² âØÔ ×ØÈÓËÈÖØÓàÐ å²ÔÓØÈ²ØÓàÐ 6&6,å²ÈÉÌÑá È ²ÈÉÌÑá ØÏÕÈ 3 ×ÕÌÛÏÈÑáÓÔ
ÖÈÎÖÈÉÔØÈÓËÑÇåÖÈÎÖÇËÓÔÐÝÏÓà6&6,oÈÎÓÈÜÌÓÏÇÖÈÎßÌÒÔÊâØÏÚ²ÈÉÌÑÌÐÕÖÏÊÌËÌÓàÓÏÍÌ
ÊÑÈÊÌ
Ijbkh\f_klghcjZ[hl_Z^Zil_jh\klZg^ZjlZ6&6,bi_jbn_jbcguo mkljhckl\klZg^ZjlZ
6&6, ijh[e_f k kh\f_klbfhklvx g_ \hagbdZ_l DZd m`_ hlf_qZehkv ijZdlbq_kdb ex[h_
mkljhckl\h khhl\_lkl\mxs__ lj_[h\Zgbyf klZg^ZjlZ 6&6, fh`gh kqblZlv khhl\_lkl\mx
sbf6&6,b^Z`_6&6,Dhg_qgh\wlbomkljhckl\Zog_ij_^mkfhlj_gu [ukljuch[f_g
^Zggufbbm\_ebq_gb_jZajy^ghklbrbgughq_j_adhgljhee_j6&6,fh`ghi_j_^Z\Zlv\k_
^hihegbl_evgu_ dhfZgûhij_^_e_ggu_ \6&6,>jm]bfbkeh\Zfbhkh[hcjZagbpuf_`^m
kh\f_klbfufb mkljhckl\Zfb klZg^Zjlh\6&6,b6&6,g_l

Îäíîïðîâîäíûå
è äèôôåðåíöèàëüíûå øèíû SCSI
³H[uqgZy´rbgZ 6&6, gZau\Z_lky lZd`_ h^ghijh\h^ghc VLQJOHHQGHG² 6( lZd dZd êy
i_j_^Zqb dZ`^h]h kb]gZeZ bkihevam_lky h^bg ijh\h^ Wlh g_^hjh]Zy l_ogheh]by gh ijb __
bkihevah\Zgbb \hagbdZxlijh[e_fuijhba\h^bl_evghklb bihf_o
H^ghijh\h^gmx rbgm qZklh gZau\Zxl g_k[ZeZgkbjh\Zgghc DZ`ûc kb]gZe jZkijhkljZ
gy_lkyihiZj_ijh\h^h\h[uqghi_j_djmq_gguo êykgb`_gbyihf_o<h^ghijh\h^ghc rb
g_h^bgbaijh\h^h\iZjuy\ey_lkyh[sbfh[uqghhgh[sbcêy\k_okb]gZeh\Dkh`Ze_
gbxg_k[ZeZgkbjh\ZggZy rbgZh[eZ^Z_llZdbfg_^hklZldhfdZdfZeZyihf_ohmklhcqb\hklv
<k\yabkwlbffZdkbfZevgZy êbgZdZ[_eyg_fh`_lij_\urZlvihemlhjZf_ljh\
< ^bnn_j_gpbZevghc rbg_ 6&6, êy i_j_^Zqb dZ`^h]h kb]gZeZ bkihevam_lky ^\moijh
\h^gZyebgbyk\yabIhh^ghfmbaijh\h^gbdh\ iZjui_j_^Z_lkyijyfhckb]gZelhl`_qlhb
\ i_j\hf kemqZ_ Z ih \lhjhfm² bg\_jkguc < ijb_fgh_ mkljhckl\h i_j_^Z_lky jZagbpZ
wlbo^\mokb]gZeh\hlkx^ZbihrehgZa\Zgb_rbgu²^bnn_j_gpbZevgZyLZdhcf_lhî_
j_^Zqb^Zgguoiha\hey_lih\ukblvihf_ohaZsbs_gghklv ebgbbk\yabb\j_amevlZl_m\_eb
qblvêbgmkh_^bgbl_evgh]h dZ[_ey Ih ^bnn_j_gpbZevghc rbg_ 6&6, fh`gh hj]Zgbah\Zlv
i_j_^Zqm ^Zgguo gZ jZkklhygb_ ^h f Z ih h^ghijh\h^ghc ² ^h f ijb h[uqguo Zkbg
ojhgguobebkbgojhgguoh[f_gZoblhevdh^hf\j_`bf_)DVW
GZjbkihdZaZgZko_fZk[ZeZgkbjh\Zgghc ^bnn_j_gpbZevghc bg_k[ZeZgkbjh\Zgghc
h^ghijh\h^ghc rbgu
JbkK[ZeZgkbjh\ZggZy^bnn_j_gpbZevgZy
bg_k[ZeZgkbjh\ZggZyh^ghijh\h^gZyrbgu
< wlhf i_j\hf klZg^Zjl_ 6&6, bkihevam_lky \ukhdh_ gZijy`_gb_ f_`^m ^\mfy `beZfb
qlhmkeh`gy_lko_fuh[jZ[hldbkb]gZeh\bkhhl\_lkl\_ggh m\_ebqb\Z_l p_gmZ^Zil_jZDjh
f_ wlh]h g_^hklZldZ kms_kl\m_l _s_ g_kdhevdh ijh[e_f dhlhju_ b ihkem`beb ijbqbghc
m^Ze_gby^bnn_j_gpbZevghc rbgu\ukhdh]hgZijy`_gby+LJK9ROWDJH'LIIHUHQWLDO² +9'
baki_pbnbdZpbb klZg^ZjlZ6&6,
GZkf_gm^bnn_j_gpbZevghc rbg_\ukhdh]hgZijy`_gbyijbreZ^bnn_j_gpbZevgZy rb
gZ gbadh]h gZijy`_gby /RZ 9ROWDJH 'LIIHUHQWLDO² /9' Wlh iha\hebeh mijhklblv ko_fm
Z^Zil_jZbmf_gvrblv_]hklhbfhklvIj_bfms_kl\Z bkihevah\Zgby wlh]hlbiZrbgu² [h
e__ [_ahiZkgh_ ih^dexq_gb_ l_ ijb ih^dexq_gbb mkljhckl\Z d h^ghijh\h^ghc rbg_ g_
ijhbahc^_l ih\j_`^_gby we_f_glh\ Z^Zil_jZ NZdlbq_kdb ^bnn_j_gpbZevgZy rbgZ gbadh]h
gZijy`_gbyij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hcfgh]hj_`bfgmx rbgmH^gZdh_keb\p_iv/9'[m^_lih^
dexq_ghh^ghh^ghijh\h^gh_ mkljhckl\hlh\kyp_iv[m^_ljZ[hlZlv\wlhfj_`bf_l_\k_
kdhjhklgu_ij_bfms_kl\Z b\hafh`ghklb bkihevah\Zgby [he__êbgguodZ[_e_cgh\uomkl
jhckl\l_jyxlkyH[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_qlh\k_mkljhckl\Z8OWUDb8OWUDy\eyxlky^bnn_j_g
pbZevgufbkgbadbfgZijy`_gb_f bfh]mljZ[hlZlvgZqZklhl_bF=pkhhl\_lkl\_ggh

DZ[_eb b jZat_fu h^ghijh\h^guo b ^bnn_j_gpbZevguo mkljhckl\ h^bgZdh\u_ ihwlhfm
fh`gh aZijhklh hrb[blvky Kms_kl\m_l g_kdhevdh kihkh[h\ iha\heyxsbo \uykgblv y\ey
_lky eb mkljhckl\h ^bnn_j_gpbZevguf H^bg ba gbo² ihbkd gZ mkljhckl\_ ki_pbZevgh]h
kbf\heZ>_eh\lhfqlhba\_klghg_kdhevdhml\_j`^_gguo mgb\_jkZevguo kbf\heh\êyh^
ghijh\h^guo b^bnn_j_gpbZe vguorbg6&6,jbk
Jbk Mgb\_jkZevgu_ kbf\heu mkeh\gu_ h[h

agZq_gby êy h^ghijh\h^guo b ^bnn_j_gpbZev
guorbg6&6,
?keblZdbokbf\heh\gZmkljhckl\_g_hdZ`_lkylhhij_^_eblv_]hlbifh`ghkihfhsvx
hff_ljZ baf_jyy khijhlb\e_gb_ f_`^m \u\h^Zfb b bgl_jn_ckgh]h jZat_fZ < h^gh
ijh\h^guomkljhckl\Zohgbkh_^bg_guf_`^mkh[hcbkh[sbf ijh\h^hf Z \ ^bnn_j_gpb
Zevguo² eb[h jZahfdgmlu eb[h khijhlb\e_gb_ f_`^m gbfb ^hklZlhqgh \_ebdh ?s_ jZa
hlf_lbfqlhlZdZyijh[e_fZ\hagbdZ_lg_qZklhihkdhevdmijZdlbq_kdb\k_6&6,mkljhckl\Z
h^ghijh\h^gu_ ^bnn_j_gpbZevgu_ gbadh]hgZijy`_gbybebfgh]hj_`bfgu_
Ñòàíäàðòû SCSI-1 è SCSI-2

KlZg^Zjl6&6,ij_^klZ\ey_lkh[hcmemqr_ggmx\_jkbxij_û^ms_]h klZg^ZjlZ6&6,<
g_fm`_klhq_gulj_[h\Zgbydg_dhlhjufiZjZf_ljZfb^h[Z\e_gugh\u_nmgdpbbb\hafh`gh
klbMkljhckl\Z\uiheg_ggu_\khhl\_lkl\bbkhklZg^ZjlZfb6&6,b6&6,h[uqghkh\f_k
lbfuf_`^mkh[hcghgh\u_\hafh`ghklb6&6,gZmjh\g_6&6,g_j_Zebamxlky
<g_k_ggu_ \ 6&6, baf_g_gby \ [hevrbgkl\_ kemqZ_\ g_ b]jZxl j_rZxs_c jheb GZ
ijbf_j\rbg_6&6,dhgljhevq_lghklbg_y\ey_lkyh[yaZl_evguf Z\6&6,hg\\_^_g\
dZq_kl\_g_ij_f_ggh]h mkeh\by?s_h^ghlj_[h\Zgb_aZdexqZ_lky\lhfqlhgZbgl_jn_ck
gu_ jZat_fu \_^msbo mkljhckl\ gZijbf_j hkgh\guo Z^Zil_jh\ ^he`gh [ulv \u\_^_gh
hihjgh_gZijy`_gb_êyih^kljhcdbgZ]jmadbebgbck\yabb\[hevrbgkl\_ kemqZ_\wlhmk
eh\b_kh[ex^Z_lky
KlZg^Zjlhf 6&6, ij_^mkfhlj_gu g_dhlhju_ ^hihegbl_evgu_ \hafh`ghklb g_ y\
eyxsb_kyh[yaZl_evgufb
[ukljZyi_j_^ZqZ^Zgguo)DVW
jZkrbj_gb_rbgu6&6,:LGH
hq_j_^ghklvdhfZg^
Ñòàíäàðòû SCSI-1 è SCSI-2 431

bkihevah\Zgb_ dZ[_evguojZat_fh\kmf_gvr_gguf rZ]hf\u\h^h\
Zdlb\gZygZ]jmadZebgbck\yab
Ihkdhevdmi_j_qbke_ggu_ \hafh`ghklb g_h[yaZl_evgu_ bfbg_\k_]^Zfh`gh\hkihevah
\ZlvkyGZijbf_j_keb\uih^dexqbl_`_kldbc^bkdlbiZ)DVW6&6,dh[uqghfmhkgh\ghfm
Z^Zil_jmhg[m^_ljZ[hlZlvgh^Zggu_[m^mli_j_^Z\Zlvky lhevdhkh[uqghckdhjhklvx
Ñòàíäàðò SCSI-3
G_kfhljy gZ lh qlh klZg^Zjl 6&6, hnbpbZevgh [ue \\_^_g kh\k_f g_^Z\gh
g_nhjfZevgh hg^_ckl\m_lm`_\l_q_gb_g_kdhevdboe_lk_cqZkbgl_gkb\gh b^_ljZ[hlZ
gZ^ 6&6, < hlebqb_ hl 6&6, b 6&6, ki_pbnbdZpby 6&6, khklhbl ba g_kdhevdbo
^hdmf_glh\ dhlhju_hibku\Zxl nbabq_kdh_ kh_^bg_gb_ bgl_jn_ckwe_dljbq_kdbo kh_^b
g_gbc hkgh\ghc gZ[hj dhfZg^ b ki_pbZevgu_ ijhlhdheu Ihke_^gb_ \dexqZxl dhfZgû
bgl_jn_ckZ `_kldh]h^bkdZdhfZgûgZdhibl_e_c gZfZ]gblghce_gl_dhgljhee_jZ 5$,'
b^jm]bomkljhckl\<k_wlhij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hcZjobl_dlmjgmx fh^_ev6&6,6&6,$UFKL
WHFWXUDO0RGHO
Hkgh\gu_^hiheg_gby dklZg^Zjlm6&6,ke_^mxsb_
8OWUD)DVW6&6,
8OWUD)DVW6&6,
^bnn_j_gpbZevgu_ kb]gZeugbadh]hgZijy`_gby
JZa^_e_gb_ klZg^ZjlZ 6&6, gZ g_kdhevdh g_[hevrbo ^hdmf_glh\ iha\hebl [uklj__
ml\_j^blv _^bguc klZg^Zjl 6&6, G_dhlhju_ ki_pbnbdZpbb gh\h]h klZg^ZjlZ [m^ml ba
\_klgu_s_^hhim[ebdh\Zgby _^bgh]hklZg^ZjlZ6&6,qlhiha\hebljZgvr_ijbklmiblv
d\uimkdmkhhl\_lkl\mxsbo mkljhckl\
GZjbkihdZaZguhkgh\gu_we_f_gluklZg^ZjlZ6&6,
Jbk:jobl_dlmjZ6&6,

H^gbfbahkgh\guogh\h\\_^_gbc \klZg^Zjl6&6,y\ey_lkym\_ebq_gb_ kdhjhklbi_
j_^Zqb^Zgguo^hF[ZclkLZdmxkdhjhklvih^^_j`b\Zxl Z^Zil_jubmkljhckl\Z)DVW
8OWUDb)DVW8OWUD
?kl_kl\_ggh lZdh_ fgh]hh[jZab_ klZg^Zjlh\ fh`_l aZimlZlv ihevah\Zl_ey I_j_^ ih
dmidhcZ^Zil_jZbmkljhckl\Zkh6&6,bglj_n_ckhf hp_gbl_g_h[oh^bfmx ijhba\h^bl_e v
ghklvbkihfhsvxlZ[e\u[_jbl_ihôh^ysbc klZg^Zjl
Fast SCSI è Fast-Wide SCSI

F_`^m mkljhckl\Zfb wlh]h lbiZ hkms_kl\ey_lky kbgojhggZy i_j_^ZqZ ^Zgguo k m^\h_g
ghc kdhjhklvx Ijb klZg^Zjlghc jZajy^ghc rbg_ hgZ jZ\gZ F[Zclk ?keb `_ jZajy^
ghklv rbgu m\_ebqblv ^h :LGH 6&6, lh kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo \hajZkl_l ^h
F[Zclk
Fast-20 SCSI
Mkljhckl\Z)DVW8OWUD6&6,h[_ki_qb\Zxl kbgojhggmxi_j_^Zqm^Zgguokm^\h_gghc
kdhjhklvx ih kjZ\g_gbx k mkljhckl\Zfb )DVW6&6, WlZ \hafh`ghklv ihy\beZkv \ ijh_dlZo
ihdZ g_aZ\_jr_gguo klZg^ZjlZ 6&6, b __ m`_ j_Zebah\Zeb g_dhlhju_ nbjfu
ba]hlh\bl_eb \ qZklghklb \ \ukhdhkdhjhklguo `_kldbo ^bkdZo Mkljhckl\Z 8OWUD 6&6, ih
a\heyxl hkms_kl\eylv i_j_^Zqm ^Zgguo kh kdhjhklvx F[Zclk ih jZajy^ghfm dZ[_ex
6&6,<khq_lZgbbkjZajy^gufbgl_jn_ckhf :LGH6&6,lZdb_mkljhckl\Ziha\heyxli_
j_^Z\Zlv^Zggu_khkdhjhklvxF[Zclk
Fast-40 SCSI
)DVW 8OWUD² \_jkby klZg^ZjlZ 6&6, Mkljhckl\Z )DVW 6&6, iha\heyxl i_j_^Z
\Zlv ^Zggu_ kh kdhjhklvx F[Zclk ih jZajy^ghfm dZ[_ex b ^h F[Zclk ih
jZajy^ghfm
Fast-80 SCSI
)DVW8OWUD6&6,²\_jkbyklZg^ZjlZ6&6,Mkljhckl\Z)DVW 6&6,iha\heyxli_
j_^Z\Zlv^Zggu_khkdhjhklvxF[ZclkihjZajy^ghfmdZ[_exb^hF[Zclkih
jZajy^ghfm
Wide SCSI
JZkrbj_ggZy rbgZ 6&6, hlebqZ_lky hl klZg^Zjlghc l_f qlh y\ey_lky jZajy^ghc wlh
iha\hey_lhkms_kl\eylv iZjZee_evgmx i_j_^Zqm^Zgguo?kl_kl\_ggh qlh êy ih^dexq_gby
ih^h[guomkljhckl\gm`gudZ[_ebgh\h]h lbiZ KlZg^Zjlguc dhglZdlguc jZajy^guc
dZ[_evgZau\Z_lkydZ[_e_flbiZ$<klZg^Zjl_6&6,kgZqZeZ[ueij_^mkfhlj_g ki_pbZev
gucdhglZdlgucdZ[_evlbiZ%ij_^gZagZq_gguc êybkihevah\Zgby \f_kl_kdZ[_e_flb
iZ$ êy hj]ZgbaZpbb jZkrbj_gghc rbgu gh hg [ue \hkijbgyl [_a hkh[h]h wglmabZafZ b
\kdhj_[ue\ul_kg_gdhglZdlgufdZ[_e_flbiZ3y\eyxsbfkyqZklvx[m^ms_]hklZg^Zj
lZ6&6,Ijhbahrehwlhihlhfmqlhihevah\Zlvkyh^bghqgufdZ[_e_flbiZ3ijbihkljh_
gbbjZajy^ghcrbgu[_amkeh\ghm^h[g__q_fiZjhcdZ[_e_clbih\$b%
I_j\hgZqZevgh jZajy^gZy rbgZ :LGH 6&6, y\eyeZkv qZklvx klZg^ZjlZ 6&6, gh hgZ
g_ihemqbeZrbjhdh]hijbagZgbybih\b^bfhfmgbdh]^Zg_[m^_lbkihevah\Zlvky \i_jkh
gZevguo dhfivxl_jZo : \ ijbgpbi_ êy __ ihkljh_gby gm`gu ^\Z dhglZdlguo dZ[_ey
lbih\3b4
Ñòàíäàðò SCSI-3 433

Ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ Fiber Channel SCSI
< ki_pbnbdZpbb )LEHU &KDQQHO 6&6, \hehdhgguc dZgZe 6&6, mdZaZgu l_ogbq_kdb_ lj_
[h\Zgbydihke_^h\Zl_evghfm bgl_jn_ckm\dhlhjhfbkihevam_lky\hehdhggucdZgZeZlZd
`_ oZjZdl_jbklbdb ijhlhdheZ k gZ[hjhf dhfZg^ 6&6, Ijb bkihevah\Zgbb wlhc ki_pbnbdZ
pbbkdhjhklvi_j_^Zqb^Zgguofh`_l^hklb]ZlvF[Zclkih\hehdhgghfmbebdhZdkbZev
ghfmdZ[_ex
Îêîíå÷íûå íàãðóçêè (òåðìèíàòîðû)

Qlh[u rbgZ 6&6, nmgdpbhgbjh\ZeZ gZ^_`gh g_h[oh^bfh m^h\e_l\hjblv hq_gv `_kldb_
lj_[h\Zgbydhdhg_qgufgZ]jmadZfDkh`Ze_gbxi_j\hgZqZevgh hij_^_e_ggZy \klZg^Zjl_
6&6, iZkkb\gZy hdhg_qgZy gZ]jmadZ khijhlb\e_gb_f Hf g_ [ueZ ij_^gZagZq_gZ êy
kbgojhgghci_j_^Zqb^ZgguogZ\ukhdbokdhjhklyoIehob_iZkkb\gu_hdhg_qgu_gZ]jmadb
fh]ml [ulv ijbqbghc hljZ`_gby kb]gZeZ \ j_amevlZl_ q_]h fh]ml ihy\eylvky ih]j_rghklb
ijb m\_ebq_gbb kdhjhklb i_j_^Zqb beb dhebq_kl\Z mkljhckl\ ih^dexqZ_fuo d rbg_ <
klZg^Zjl_ 6&6, hij_^_e_gZ Zdlb\gZy klZ[bebabjmxsZy gZijy`_gb_ hdhg_qgZy gZ]jmadZ
dhlhjZyihgb`Z_lbfi_^Zgkhdhg_qgh]hmkljhckl\Z^hHfbih\urZ_lgZ^_`ghklvi_j_
^Zqb^Zgguo
Î÷åðåäíîñòü êîìàíä
KlZg^Zjlhf 6&6, h[mkeh\e_gh qlh ]eZ\gh_ mkljhckl\h gZijbf_j hkgh\ghc Z^Zil_j
fh`_l\u^Z\Zlv\Z^j_kdZ`^h]hmkljhckl\Zlhevdhihh^ghcdhfZg^_KlZg^Zjl6&6, ih
a\hey_lhlijZ\eylv\dZ`^h_mkljhckl\h^hdhfZg^hgbgZdZieb\Zxlky \g_fh[jZ[Zlu
\ZxlkybebrvaZl_fhlg_]hgZrbgm6&6,ihklmiZ_lhl\_lIjbgbfZxs__ mkljhckl\hfh`_l
baf_gblv ihjy^hd \uiheg_gby ijbgyluo dhfZg^ êy lh]h qlh[u gZb[he__ wnn_dlb\gh gZ
gboj_Z]bjh\ZlvWlZ\hafh`ghklv hkh[_gghihe_agZijbjZ[hl_\fgh]haZ^Zqghc hi_jZpbhg
ghckbkl_f_gZijbf_j26beb:LQGRZV17
Íîâûå êîìàíäû
<dZq_kl\_hkgh\uklZg^ZjlZ6&6,[ueZijbgylZm`_hnhjfb\rZyky h[sZykbkl_fZdh
fZg^²&&6GhjZajZ[Zlu\ZeZkv hgZ\hkgh\ghfêy`_kldbo^bkdh\b\g_cg_ij_^mkfZl
jb\ZebkvdhfZgûêymijZ\e_gby^jm]bfbmkljhckl\Zfb <6&6, fgh]b_klZju_dhfZgû
hldhjj_dlbjh\Zgu b ^h[Z\e_gu g_dhlhju_ gh\u_ êy gZdhibl_e_c &'520 hilbq_kdbo
mkljhckl\kdZg_jh\dhffmgbdZpbhgguo mkljhckl\kt_fguo`_kldbo^bkdh\bli
Êàáåëè è ðàçúåìû SCSI

KlZg^Zjl6&6,ij_^ty\ey_l^h\hevgh`_kldb_lj_[h\ZgbyddZ[_eyfbjZat_fZf>ey\gml
jbkbkl_fguo kh_^bg_gbc bkihevam_lky dhglZdlguc g_wdjZgbjh\Zgguc jZat_f Z êy \g_r
gbo² ZgZeh]bqguc wdjZgbjh\Zgguc jZat_f lbiZ &HQWURQLFV k nbdkZlhjhf < hnbpbZevghc
^hdmf_glZpbb wdjZgbjh\Zgguc jZat_f bgh]^Z gZau\Zxl $OWHUQDWLYH >ey h^ghijh\h^ghc b
^bnn_j_gpbZevghc rbgij_^mkfhlj_gZ dZdiZkkb\gZylZdbZdlb\gZygZ]jmadZebgbcZdlb\gZy
ij_îhqlbl_evg__ dhglZdlgucdZ[_evklZg^ZjlZ6&6,gZau\Z_lkydZ[_e_flbiZ$
<klZjuo jZajy^guo Z^Zil_jZo b \g_rgbo mkljhckl\Zo 6&6, bkihevam_lky jZat_f lbiZ
&HQWURQLFVGZjbkihdZaZg\g_rgbc\b^dhglZdlgh]hjZat_fZ

Jbk<g_rgbc\b^dhglZdlgh]h6&6,jZat_fZ$OWHUQDWLYH
<klZg^Zjl_6&6,dZ[_eblbiZ$fh]mlhdZgqb\Zlvky lZd`_dhglZdlgufb jZat_fZfb

lbiZ'kmf_gvr_gguf rZ]hf\u\h^h\LZdb_jZat_fubgh]^ZgZau\Zxl$OWHUQDWLYH<g_r
gbc\b^wlh]hjZat_fZihdZaZggZjbk
Jbk <g_rgbc \b^ dhglZdlgh]h

6&6,jZat_fZ$OWHUQDWLYH
JZat_f$OWHUQDWLYHlbiZ&HQWURQLFV^hklZeky6&6,hlij_û^ms_c\_jkbb>eyb
jZajy^guorbg\klZg^Zjl_6&6, ij_^mkfhlj_g dhglZdlguc dZ[_ev % dhlhjuc ^he`_g
ih^dexqZlvky h^gh\j_f_ggh kdZ[_e_f$H^gZdhdZ[_ev%g_ihemqberbjhdh]hijbagZgby
bbaklZg^ZjlZ6&6,bkdexq_g
<f_klh aehihemqgh]h dZ[_ey % \ klZg^Zjl_ 6&6, ihy\beky dhglZdlguc dZ[_ev 3 GZ
h[hbodZ[_eyolbih\$b3fh]ml[ulvkfhglbjh\Zgu eb[hwdjZgbjh\Zggu_ eb[hg_wdjZgbjh
\Zggu_jZat_fulbiZ'Hgb^he`gu[ulvkgZ[`_gunbdkZlhjZfbaZs_edZfbZg_ijh\hehq
gufb dhevpZfb dZd jZat_fu &HQWURQLFV >ey emqr_c ihf_ohaZsbs_gghklb gZ]jmadZ ebgbc \
h^ghijh\h^guo rbgZo^he`gZ[ulvZdlb\ghcGZjbkihdZaZgdhglZdlgucjZat_f
Jbk<g_rgbc\b^dhglZdlgh]h6&6,jZat_fZ
< fZkkb\Zo gZdhibl_e_c bkihevam_lky dhglZdlguc jZat_f gZau\Z_fuc $OWHUQDWLYH

GZdhibl_eb k lZdbf jZat_fhf ih^^_j`b\Zxl ³]hjyq__´ ih^dexq_gb_ mkljhckl\ l_ 6&6,
mkljhckl\Zfh`ghih^dexqZlvbhldexqZlvijb\dexq_gghfiblZgbbGZjbkihdZaZg
dhglZdlgucjZat_f
Jbk <g_rgbc \b^ dhglZdlgh]h 6&6,jZat_fZ

$OWHUQDWLYH
NbjfZ $SSOH b g_dhlhju_ ^jm]b_ ijhba\h^bl_eb 6&6,mkljhckl\ bkihevamxl

dhglZdlguc dZ[_ev JZat_f wlh]h dZ[_ey ZgZeh]bq_g jZat_fm iZjZee_evgh]h ihjlZ 3& Ijb
g_ijZ\bevghf ih^dexq_gbb 6&6,mkljhckl\hbebkbkl_fgZyieZlZfh]ml\uclbbakljhy?k
eb`_\ubkihevam_l_lZdhcdZ[_evlhihf_lvl__]hdZdbflhh[jZahfgZijbf_jihklZ\vl_
p\_lgu_f_ldbgZ\k_jZat_fu6&6,mkljhckl\:\hh[s_emqr_g_bkihevah\Zlv wlhllbidZ
[_eyGZjbkihdZaZgdhglZdlgucjZat_f
Êàáåëè è ðàçúåìû SCSI 435

Jbk <g_rgbc \b^ dhglZd
lgh]h6&6,jZat_fZ
Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ðàçúåìîâ SCSI

<wlhfjZa^_e_ [m^ml ijb\_^_gu lZ[ebpu k gZagZq_gbyfb \u\h^h\ jZaebqguo dZ[_e_c b
jZat_fh\6&6,DZdm`_hlf_qZehkvkms_kl\m_l^\_g_kh\f_klbfu_ klhqdbaj_gbywe_dljb
q_kdboiZjZf_ljh\\_jkbbbgl_jn_ckZ6&6,²h^ghijh\h^gZy b^bnn_j_gpbZevgZy Mkljhc
kl\Z \uiheg_ggu_ ih wlbf ^\mf ko_fZf g_ ^he`gu ih^dexqZlvky d h^ghc rbg_ IjZ\^Z
^bnn_j_gpbZevgZy rbgZ gZ k_]h^gyrgbc ^_gv \klj_qZ_lky hq_gv j_^dh b \Zf \jy^ eb ijb
^_lkybf_lvkg_c^_eh>eydZ`^hcjZagh\b^ghklb rbguh^ghijh\h^ghc b^bnn_j_gpbZe v
ghcij_^mkfhlj_gu dZ[_eb^\molbih\
lbiZ$klZg^ZjlgZyjZajy^gZyrbgZ6&6,
lbiZ3jZajy^gZyrbgZ:LGH6&6,
<[hevrbgkl\_kemqZ_\\klZg^ZjlZo6&6,b6&6,êyih^dexq_gbyi_jbn_jbcguo mkl
jhckl\bkihevam_lkydZ[_evlbiZ$>eyih^dexq_gbydrbg_:LGH6&6,jZajy^ghc\f_klh
g_]hbkihevam_lkydZ[_evlbiZ3Dh^ghcrbg_fh`ghih^dexqZlvdZdklZg^Zjlgu_lZdb
jZajy^gu_ mkljhckl\Z kh_^bgyy dZ[_eb lbiZ$ b 3 k ihfhsvx ki_pbZevguo Z^Zil_jh\ >ey
ih^dexq_gbymkljhckl\djZajy^ghcrbg_6&6,bkihevamxlkydZ[_ebki_pbZevgh]hlbiZ4
< dZ[_e_ êy ih^dexq_gby 6&6,mkljhckl\ gZb[he__ \Z`gu_ kb]gZeu ihf_sZxlky \h
\gmlj_ggbc kehc dZ[_ey f_g__ \Z`gu_² \ kj_^gbc Z hklZevgu_² d djZx dZ[_ey Dhgkl
jmdpbylbibqgh]h6&6,dZ[_eyijb\_^_gZgZjbk
;eZ]h^ZjylZdhcdhgkljmdpbb6&6,dZ[_ev^hjh`_q_fhklZevgu_lbiudZ[_e_cH[jZlb
l_ \gbfZgb_ qlh lZdhc dZ[_ev bkihevam_lky lhevdh êy ih^dexq_gby \g_rgbo 6&6,
mkljhckl\ >ey \gmlj_ggbo ih^dexq_gbc \ dhjimk_ dhfivxl_jZ dZd ijZ\beh bkihevamxl
h[uqguce_glhqgucdZ[_ev
JbkDhgkljmdpbylbibqgh]h6&6,dZ[_ey

GZ dZ[_eyo lbiZ$ fh]ml [ulv kfhglbjh\Zgu g_wdjZgbjh\Zggu_ rluj_\u_ jZat_fu êy
\gmljbkbkl_fguo kh_^bg_gbc beb wdjZgbjh\Zggu_ ² êy \g_rgbo ih^dexq_gbc ijbq_f
jZa\h^db\u\h^h\mgbojZagu_MjZat_fh\dZ[_eylbiZ3ij_^gZagZq_gguo êy\gmlj_ggbo
b\g_rgbokh_^bg_gbcjZa\h^db\u\h^h\h^bgZdh\u_
Êàáåëè è ðàçúåìû îäíîïðîâîäíîé øèíû SCSI

H^ghijh\h^gZy rbgZ bgl_jn_ckZ 6&6, ihemqbeZ gZb[hevr__ jZkijhkljZg_gb_ \ 3&
kh\f_klbfuodhfivxl_jZo <lZ[ebijb\_^_gujZa\h^db\u\h^h\jZat_fh\dZdg_wd
jZgbjh\Zggh]h êy \gmljbkbkl_fguo kh_^bg_gbc lZd b wdjZgbjh\Zggh]h dZ[_e_c lbiZ$
êy\g_rgboih^dexq_gbc AgZd³fbgmkí_j_^gZa\Zgb_fkb]gZeZhagZqZ_l_]hgbadbcZd
lb\guc mjh\_gv Ebgbb h[hagZq_ggu_ dZd aZj_a_j\bjh\Zggu_ kh_^bgyxl f_`^m kh[hc h^
ghbf_ggu_\u\hûjZat_fh\<dZ[_eyolbiZ$wlb\u\hû\6&6,mkljhckl\Zo^he`guhk
lZ\Zlvkyg_ih^dexq_ggufb ghbofh`ghbaZa_feblvl_kh_^bgblvkh[sbfZ\ki_pbZev
guo fh^meyo ij_^gZagZq_gguo êy gZ]jmadb ebgbc rbgu hgb ^he`gu [ulv h[yaZl_evgh
aZa_fe_gu < dZ[_eyo lbih\3 b 4 aZj_a_j\bjh\Zggu_ ebgbb ^he`gu hklZ\Zlvky g_ih^dex
q_ggufbdZd\6&6,mkljhckl\ZolZdb\fh^meyogZ]jmadb
Òàáëèöà 8.2. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ðàçúåìà íåýêðàíèðîâàííîãî êàáåëÿ
òèïà A äëÿ âíóòðåííèõ ñîåäèíåíèé
Îáùèé 1 2 Äàííûå, áèò 0
Îáùèé 17 18 Äàííûå, áèò ÷åòíîñòè
Îáùèé 19 20 Îáùèé
Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí 23 24 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
Ðàçîìêíóò 25 26 TERMPWR
Îáùèé 31 32 ATN
Îáùèé 35 36 BSY
Îáùèé 37 38 ACK
Îáùèé 39 40 RST
Îáùèé 41 42 MSG
Îáùèé 43 44 SEL
Îáùèé 45 46 C/D
Îáùèé 47 48 REQ
Îáùèé 49 50 I/O

Òàáëèöà 8.3. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ðàçúåìà ýêðàíèðîâàííîãî êàáåëÿ òèïà A
äëÿ âíåøíèõ ïîäêëþ÷åíèé

Îáùèé 9 34 Äàííûå, áèò ÷åòíîñòè
Bgl_jn_ck6&6,bkihevam_lkyihqlb\h\k_odhfivxl_jZo 36nbjfu,%0\uims_gguo
ihke_]h^Z<gbofh`_l[ulvmklZgh\e_geb[h6&6,Z^Zil_jêyrbgu0&$eb[hhk
gh\ghc Z^Zil_j 6&6, kfhglbjh\Zgguc gZ kbkl_fghc ieZl_ < ex[hf kemqZ_ êy ih^dexq_
gbydbgl_jn_ckm6&6,bkihevam_lkymgbdZevgucdhglZdlgucwdjZgbjh\Zgguc jZat_flb
iZ PLQL&HQWURQLFV Qlh[u i_j_clb hl g_]h d klZg^Zjlghfm dhglZdlghfm jZat_fm
&HQWURQLFV dhlhjuc bkihevam_lky \ [hevrbgkl\_ \g_rgbo 6&6,mkljhckl\ gm`_g ki_pbZev
guc dZ[_ev GZagZq_gb_ \u\h^h\ dhglZdlgh]h \g_rg_]h wdjZgbjh\Zggh]h jZat_fZ lbiZ
PLQL&HQWURQLFV ijb\_^_gh \ lZ[e H[jZlbl_ \gbfZgb_ ohly dhglZdlu jZkiheZ]Zxlky g_
lZd dZd \ klZg^Zjlguo jZat_fZo bo gmf_jZpby khhl\_lkl\m_l ijbgylhc êy g_wdjZgbjh\Z g
gh]hjZat_fZdZ[_eylbiZ$

Òàáëèöà 8.4. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ âíåøíåãî 60-êîíòàêòíîãî
ýêðàíèðîâàííîãî ðàçúåìà èíòåðôåéñà SCSI â êîìïüþòåðàõ PS/2
Îáùèé 1 60 Íå ïîäêëþ÷åí
Äàííûå, áèò 0 2 59 Íå ïîäêëþ÷åí
Äàííûå, áèò 4 10 51 Îáùèé
Äàííûå, áèò ÷åòíîñòè 18 43 Îáùèé
Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí 23 38 ACK
Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí 24 37 Îáùèé
Ðàçîìêíóò 25 36 BSY
TERMPWR 26 35 Îáùèé
DZ[_ev lbiZ3 êy h^ghijh\h^ghc rbgu b jZat_fu ij_^gZagZq_gu êy ih^dexq_gby

jZaebqguo mkljhckl\ d jZajy^ghc rbg_ :LGH 6&6, gZagZq_gb_ \u\h^h\ ijb\_^_gh \
lZ[e

Òàáëèöà 8.5. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ ýêðàíèðîâàííîãî ðàçúåìà êàáåëÿ òèïà P
äëÿ âíóòðåííèõ è âíåøíèõ ñîåäèíåíèé (îäíîïðîâîäíàÿ øèíà)
Îáùèé 5 39 Äàííûå, áèò ÷åòíîñòè 1
Îáùèé 14 48 Äàííûå, áèò ÷åòíîñòè 0
TERMPWR 17 51 TERMPWR
TERMPWR 18 52 TERMPWR
Äèôôåðåíöèàëüíàÿ øèíà SCSI

>bnn_j_gpbZevgZy rbgZ\ukhdh]hgZijy`_gby6&6,ijZdlbq_kdb g_ bkihevam_lky \ 3&
kh\f_klbfuo dhfivxl_jZo gh hgZ hq_gv ihimeyjgZ \ fbgbkbkl_fZo ihkdhevdm iha\hey_l
hj]Zgbah\Zlv k\yavf_`^mmkljhckl\ZfbjZa^_e_ggufb [hevrbfbjZkklhygbyfb
H^gZdh gZ[bjZxl ihimeyjghklv ^bnn_j_gpbZevgu_ mkljhckl\Z gbadh]h gZijy`_gby qZ
s_\k_]hfgh]hj_`bfgu_ <k_6&6,mkljhckl\Z8OWUDb8OWUDy\eyxlky^bnn_j_gpbZevg u
fbgbadh]hgZijy`_gbyeb[hfgh]hj_`bfgufb

Îêîíå÷íûå íàãðóçêè
Hq_gv \Z`gh ijZ\bevgh mklZgh\blv hdhg_qgu_ gZ]jmadb gZ rbg_ 6&6, >ey rbgu 6&6,
ij_^mkfhlj_gu q_luj_lbiZhdhg_qguogZ]jmahd
iZkkb\gu_
Zdlb\gu_lZd`_gZau\Z_fu_$OWHUQDWLYH
)RUFHG3HUIHFW7HUPLQDWLRQ)37)37)37b)37
/RZ9ROWDJH'LIIHUHQWLDO/9'
Lbibqgu_iZkkb\gu_hdhg_qgu_gZ]jmadbj_abklhjgu_ ko_fug_iha\heyxliheghklvx
ij_^hl\jZlblv nemdlmZpbxkb]gZeZ\rbg_H[uqghiZkkb\gu_gZ]jmahqgu_ j_abklhjum^h\
e_l\hjyxl lj_[h\Zgbyf i_j_^Zqb kb]gZeZ gZ dhjhldb_ jZkklhygby gZijbf_j gZ ±f gh
êy[he__êbgguojZkklhygbcemqr_bkihevah\Zlv Zdlb\gu_hdhg_qgu_gZ]jmadb\khhl\_l
kl\bbkhklZg^Zjlhf)DVW6&6,
:dlb\gZy hdhg_qgZy gZ]jmadZ nZdlbq_kdb bf__l h^bg beb g_kdhevdh klZ[bebaZlhjh\ gZ
ijy`_gbyZg_ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc^_ebl_evgZijy`_gbygZj_abklhjZoWlbgZ]jmadbh[uqgh
bf_xl k\_lh^bh^ mdZau\Zxsbc gZ bo Zdlb\ghklv < khhl\_lkl\bb k l_ogbq_kdbfb lj_[h\Z
gbyfb6&6,Zdlb\gmxhdhg_qgmxgZ]jmadmj_dhf_g^m_lky ijbf_gylvgZh[hbodhgpZorb
guZ\kemqZ_bkihevah\Zgby mkljhckl\Z)DVW6&6,beb:LGH6&6,__ijbf_g_gb_h[yaZl_ev
gh<gZb[he__\ukhdhwnn_dlb\guo dhgljhee_jZo mklZgh\e_gZZ\lhfZlbq_kdZy hdhg_qgZygZ
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Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ SCSI-äèñêîâ
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ahfmklZgh\blvb^_glbnbdZlhj Z^j_k6&6,,'hl^hbebhl^hbijbg_h[oh^bfh
klbgZ]jmahqgu_j_abklhju
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Z^j_khl\h^blkyêyhkgh\gh]hZ^Zil_jZZhklZevgu_k_fvij_^gZagZq_gu êyi_jbn_jbcguo
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j_k,'<klZjuoZ^Zil_jZonbjfu$GDSWHFmaZ]jmahqgh]h ^bkdZ^he`_g[ulvZ^j_k,'Z\
gh\uohgfh`_l[ulvex[uf
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Elh,'[m^_ljZ\_gZgZeh]bqghêyqbkeZ,'jZ\_gêyE²bl^Ljbi_
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Òàáëèöà 8.6. Óñòàíîâêà ïåðåìû÷åê SCSI ID (ñòàðøèé ðàçðÿä ñëåâà)
SCSI Ïîëîæåíèÿ ïåðåìû÷åê
0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1
2 0 1 0
3 0 1 1
4 1 0 0
5 1 0 1
6 1 1 0
7 1 1 1
²i_j_fuqdZaZfdgmlZmklZgh\e_gZ\iheh`_gb_³2Q´²\dexq_gh
²i_j_fuqdZjZahfdgmlZmklZgh\e_gZ\iheh`_gb_³2II´²hldexq_gh

Òàáëèöà 8.7. Óñòàíîâêà ïåðåìû÷åê SCSI ID (ñòàðøèé ðàçðÿä ñïðàâà)
SCSI Ïîëîæåíèÿ ïåðåìû÷åê
0 0 0 0
1 1 0 0
2 0 1 0
3 1 1 0
4 0 0 1
5 1 0 1
6 0 1 1
7 1 1 1
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Çàïóñê ïî êîìàíäå (çàïóñê ñ çàäåðæêîé)

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gZg__\qZklghklbihke_^h\Zl_evgh ih\k_fZ^j_kZf,'\u^Z_lkydhfZg^ZaZimkdZmkljhckl
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`Zlv gZqZeh jZkdjmqb\Zgby ^bkdh\ ^h fhf_glZ ihemq_gby dhfZgû Start Unit hl hkgh\
gh]hZ^Zil_jZIhkdhevdmmdZaZggZydhfZg^Zih \k_f Z^j_kZf ,' i_j_^Z_lky ihke_^h\Zl_e v
ghgZqbgZykmkljhckl\Zk\ukrbfijbhjbl_lhf ,' baZdZgqb\Zymkljhckl\hfkgbarbf
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guoZ^Zil_jZo\u^ZqZdhfZgû Start Unitg_ij_^mkfhlj_gZ \wlhfkemqZ_`_kldb_^bk
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êy\gmlj_ggbo`_kldbo^bkdh\ih^dexq_gguo d[ehdm iblZgby dhfivxl_jZ Kh\_lmx \hk
ihevah\Zlvky wlhc \hafh`ghklvx ^Z`_ \ lhf kemqZ_ _keb \ dhfivxl_j_ mklZgh\e_g lhevdh
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dZdgZ\k_hklZevgu_dhfihg_gludhfivxl_jZ[m^_lih^ZghgZijy`_gb_Wlhhkh[_ggh\Z`
ghêyihjlZlb\guo dhfivxl_jh\ bkbkl_fkh]jZgbq_ggufb\hafh`ghklyfb [ehdZiblZgby

Êîíòðîëü ÷åòíîñòè
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gbfmkljhckl\Z^he`gu[ulvi_j_\_^_gu\khhl\_lkl\mxsbc j_`bf?^bgkl\_ggZyijbqbgZ
khojZg_gby \hafh`ghklb hldexq_gby dhgljhey q_lghklb khklhbl \ lhf qlh g_dhlhju_ klZ
ju_Z^Zil_juijb\dexq_gghfdhgljhe_g_jZ[hlZxl
Ïîäà÷à ïîñòîÿííîãî íàïðÿæåíèÿ íà ìîäóëü

îêîíå÷íîé íàãðóçêè
GZfh^mebhdhg_qghcgZ]jmadbgm`ghih^Z\Zlvihklhyggh_gZijy`_gb_dZdfbgbfmfhl
h^gh]hmkljhckl\Zih^dexq_ggh]h drbg_6&6,<[hevrbgkl\_ kemqZ_\hghih^Z_lkykhk
gh\gh]h Z^Zil_jZ gh bgh]^Z \ gbo gZijbf_j \ hkgh\guo Z^Zil_jZo iZjZee_evgh]h ihjlZ
6&6, lZdZy \hafh`ghklv g_ ij_^mkfZljb\Z_lky Gbq_]h kljZrgh]h g_ ijhbahc^_l _keb ih
klhyggu_ gZijy`_gby êy iblZgby fh^me_c gZ]jmadb [m^ml ih^Z\Zlvky gZ rbgm kjZam k g_
kdhevdbomkljhckl\dhjhldh]haZfudZgbyg_kemqblkyihkdhevdm\k_gZijy`_gbyihklmiZxl
q_j_a aZsbsZxsb_ ^bhû J_dhf_g^mx mklZgh\blv \h \k_o mkljhckl\Zo khhl\_lkl\mxsmx
i_j_fuqdm GZfgh]h om`_ _keb gZ rbgm \hh[s_ g_ [m^_l ih^Z\Zlvky gbdZdh]h gZijy`_gby
lh]^Zfh^mebgZ]jmadbhdZ`mlkyg_jZ[hlhkihkh[gufb \j_amevlZl_q_]hgZjmrblkygZ]jmadZ
rbgubjZ[hlZ\k_]hbgl_jn_ckZ
Ðåæèì ñèíõðîíèçàöèè
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kbgojhgghf J_`bf kbgojhgbaZpbb mklZgZ\eb\Z_lky ihke_ ij_^\Zjbl_evgh]h h[f_gZ ki_pb
Zevgufbkhh[s_gbyfb f_`^m^\mfymkljhckl\Zfb >hgZqZeZh[f_gZ^ZggufbZdlb\gh_mkl
jhckl\h bgbpbZlhj b ijbgbfZxs__ mkljhckl\h Z^j_kZl kh]eZkmxl f_`^m kh[hc kihkh[
\uiheg_gby wlh]h h[f_gZ LZdZy ijhp_^mjZ gZau\Z_lky kh]eZr_gb_f h kbgojhgbaZpbb ?keb
h[Z mkljhckl\Z kihkh[gu hkms_kl\eylv [uklju_ kbgojhgbabjh\Zggu_ h[f_gu lh bf_ggh \
wlhfj_`bf_[m^mli_j_^Z\Zlvky ^Zggu_
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\ZlvgZaZijhkh\hafh`ghklbkbgojhgghci_j_^Zqb^ZgguoijhklhhldexqZxlkyijb_]hihem
q_gbb Ihwlhfm \h fgh]bo hkgh\guo Z^Zil_jZo b mkljhckl\Zo \ dhlhjuo ij_^mkfhlj_g kbg
ojhgguch[f_g^Zggufbbkhhl\_lkl\mxsbc ijhlhdhegZ]jmadbmklZgZ\eb\Z_lky i_j_fuqdZ
kihfhsvxdhlhjhci_j_^ZqmaZijhkh\fh`ghhlf_gblvbk^_eZlvwlbZ^Zil_jukh\f_klbfufb
khklZjufb6&6,mkljhckl\Zfb<h\k_okh\j_f_gguomkljhckl\Zokh]eZr_gb_hkbgojhgbaZpbb
ij_^mkfhlj_gh ihmfheqZgbxb\k_aZijhku^he`gu[ulvjZaj_r_gu
Ñàìîíàñòðàèâàþùèåñÿ SCSI-óñòðîéñòâà
Lj_[h\Zgby d kZfhgZkljZb\Zxsbfky 3OXJDQG3OD\ 6&6,mkljhckl\Zf [ueb \i_j\u_
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Ñîâåòû ïî êîíôèãóðàöèè
óñòðîéñòâ SCSI
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Ñîâåòû ïî êîíôèãóðàöèè óñòðîéñòâ SCSI 447

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$7$,'(^hklb]Z_lF[ZclkDhg_qghijblZdhfkjZ\g_gbbbgl_jn_ck6&6,\u]ey^bl
y\gh ij_îhqlbl_evg__ gh j_Zevguf nZdlhjhf kgb`Zxsbf ijhba\h^bl_evghklv kbkl_fu
y\ey_lky g_ qbklh_ [ukljh^_ckl\b_ rbgu Z h]jZgbq_ggu_ \hafh`ghklb [ehdZ +'$ b dhg
ljhee_jZ^bkdZ
Gb`_ijb\_^_gu^Zggu_h^\momkljhckl\Zokh^bgZdh\hc_fdhklvxghjZagufbbgl_j
n_ckZfb<u\hûhijhba\h^bl_evghklb k^_eZcl_kZfb
Ïàðàìåòðû IDE-íàêîïèòåëü SCSI-íàêîïèòåëü
Äèñê IBM Deskstar 18GXP ATA IBM Ultrastar 18ES SCSI

Èíòåðôåéñ Ultra-ATA/66 Ultra2/Wide SCSI
Êîëè÷åñòâî äèñêîâ 5 5
Êîëè÷åñòâî ãîëîâîê 10 10
Åìêîñòü, Ãáàéò 18,0 18,2
Ïëîòíîñòü çàïèñè, Êáàéò/äþéì 218,6 220
Ñêîðîñòü âðàùåíèÿ, îá/ìèí 7 200 7 200
Åìêîñòü áóôåðà, Ìáàéò 2 2
Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ èíòåðôåéñà, äî 66,7 äî 80
Ìáàéò/ñ
Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ 27,9 30,5
íîñèòåëÿ, Ìáàéò/ñ
Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ óñòàíîâëåííàÿ ñêîðîñòü ïå- 10,717,9 12,720,2
ðåäà÷è äàííûõ, Ìáàéò/ñ
Ñðåäíÿÿ óñòàíîâëåííàÿ ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è 14,3 16,45
äàííûõ, Ìáàéò/ñ
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^hklb`bfu
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\hafh`ghklv h^gh\j_f_ggh]h \uiheg_gbyg_kdhevdbohi_jZpbci_j_^Zqb^ZgguoH^gZdh\
bgl_jn_ck_ ,'( \ hlebqb_ hl 6&6, lZdZy \hafh`ghklv g_ ih^^_j`b\Z_lky Ihwlhfm h^gh
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mkljhckl\Ihwlhfmbf_gghbgl_jn_ck6&6,iha\hey_liheghklvxbkihevah\Zlv ij_bfms_kl
\Z fgh]haZ^Zqghklb Ijb wlhf _kl_kl\_ggh ih\urZ_lky ijhimkdgZy kihkh[ghklv ^bkdh\hc
ih^kbkl_fu Djhf_ lh]h \ g_dhlhjuo jZa\bluo hi_jZpbhgguo kbkl_fZo gZijbf_j
:LQGRZV17 ijbf_gyxlky lZd gZau\Z_fu_ gZ[hju ^bkdh\² g_kdhevdh ^bkdh\h^h\ dhlh
ju_ eh]bq_kdb bkihevamxlky dZd h^bg Ijb i_j_^Zq_ ^Zggu_ jZ\ghf_jgh jZkij_^_eyxlky
f_`^m^bkdh\h^Zfb qlhih\urZ_lijhimkdgmxkihkh[ghklv^bkdh\hcih^kbkl_fu
Ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü
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Ïðåèìóùåñòâà è îãðàíè÷åíèÿ
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mkljhckl\h\kbkl_fmmklZgh\blve_]q_ihkdhevdmijbwlhfg_gm`ghkgbfZlvdhjimk
Ðåêîìåíäóåìûå îñíîâíûå àäàïòåðû SCSI

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g_ih^^_j`b\Zxsbo j_`bfkZfhgZkljhcdb YgZklhyl_evgh j_dhf_g^mx6&6,Z^Zil_judh
lhju_ih^^_j`b\Zxl j_`bf3OXJDQG3OD\ihlhfmqlhbofh`ghdhgnb]mjbjh\Zlv g_hldju
\Zy i_jkhgZevguc dhfivxl_j <k_ nmgdpbb mklZgZ\eb\Zxlky k ihfhsvx ijh]jZffgh]h
h[_ki_q_gby b ijb wlhf g_ gm`gh i_j_klZ\eylv gbdZdbo i_j_fuq_d beb i_j_dexqZl_e_c
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ieZl$GDSWHFihwlhfmklZdbfbieZlZfbg_[m^_lgbdZdboijh[e_fk\yaZgguokkh\f_klbfh
klvxbebihbkdhf^jZc\_jZ


Ãëàâà 9
Óñòðîéñòâà
ìàãíèòíîãî
õðàíåíèÿ äàííûõ
Õðàíåíèå äàííûõ íà ìàãíèòíûõ íîñèòåëÿõ 458
Èñòîðèÿ ðàçâèòèÿ óñòðîéñòâ õðàíåíèÿ äàííûõ íà
ìàãíèòíûõ íîñèòåëÿõ 458
Êàê ìàãíèòíîå ïîëå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ õðàíåíèÿ
äàííûõ 459
Ìàãíèòîðåçèñòèâíûå ãîëîâêè 462
Ñïîñîáû êîäèðîâàíèÿ äàííûõ 463
Ñðàâíåíèå ñïîñîáîâ êîäèðîâàíèÿ 467
Äåêîäåðû PRML (Partial-Response, Maximum-
Likelihood) 468
Èçìåðåíèå åìêîñòè íàêîïèòåëÿ 469
Õðàíåíèå äàííûõ íà ìàãíèòíûõ
íîñèòåëÿõ
IjZdlbq_kdb \h\k_oi_jkhgZevguo dhfivxl_jZo bgnhjfZpbyojZgblkygZghkbl_eyobk
ihevamxsbofZ]gblgu_bebhilbq_kdb_ijbgpbiuIjbbkihevah\Zgbb fZ]gblguomkljhckl\
ojZg_gby^\hbqgu_^Zggu_³ij_\jZsZxlky ´\g_[hevrb_f_lZeebq_kdb_ gZfZ]gbq_ggu_ qZk
lbqdb jZkiheh`_ggu_ gZ iehkdhf ^bkd_ beb e_gl_ \ \b^_ ³mahjZ´ Wlhl fZ]gblguc ³mahj´
\ihke_^kl\bb fh`_l[ulvjZkrbnjh\Zg\ihlhd^\hbqguo^Zgguo
< wlhc ]eZ\_ jZkkfZljb\Zxlky ijbgpbiu hkgh\gu_ dhgp_ipbb b l_ogheh]by fZ]gblgh]h
ojZg_gby^Zgguo\kh\j_f_gguodhfivxl_jZoIjb\_^_ggZybgnhjfZpbyhq_gv\Z`gZêyih
gbfZgbynmgdpbhgbjh\Zgby gZdhibl_e_cgZ]b[dbob`_kldbo^bkdZoe_glhqguogZdhibl_e_cb
^jm]boih^h[guomkljhckl\Wlm]eZ\mfh`ghgZa\Zlvij_ex^b_cdke_^mxsbf]eZ\Zf
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Çàìå÷àíèå
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Èñòîðèÿ ðàçâèòèÿ óñòðîéñòâ õðàíåíèÿ

äàííûõ íà ìàãíèòíûõ íîñèòåëÿõ
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Ñïîñîáû êîäèðîâàíèÿ äàííûõ

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×àñòîòíàÿ ìîäóëÿöèÿ (FM)

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jhckl\Zoghk_cqZkhlg_]hiheghklvxhldZaZebkv
Ìîäèôèöèðîâàííàÿ ÷àñòîòíàÿ ìîäóëÿöèÿ (MFM)

Hkgh\ghc p_evx jZajZ[hlqbdh\ f_lh^Z 0)0 0RGLILHG )UHTXHQF\ 0RGXODWLRQ² fh^b
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dZ bkihevam_fuo lhevdh êy kbgojhgbaZpbb mf_gvrZ_lky Kbgojhgbabjmxsb_ i_j_ohû
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i_rghij_h^he_gub0)0klZekZfufihimeyjguff_lh^hfdh^bjh\ZgbygZ^he]b_]hû
<lZ[eijb\_^_ghkhhl\_lkl\b_ f_`^m[blZfb^ZgguobahgZfbkf_guagZdZ
Òàáëèöà 9.1. Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü çîí ñìåíû çíàêà ïðè çàïèñè
ïî ìåòîäó MFM
Áèò äàííûõ Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü çîí ñìåíû çíàêà
1 NT
0 ñ ïðåäøåñòâóþùèì 0 TN
0 ñ ïðåäøåñòâóþùåé 1 NN
T ñìåíà çíàêà åñòü

N ñìåíû çíàêà íåò
Êîäèðîâàíèå ñ îãðàíè÷åíèåì äëèíû ïîëÿ

çàïèñè (RLL)
GZk_]h^gyrgbc ^_gvgZb[he__ihimeyj_gf_lh^dh^bjh\Zgbykh]jZgbq_gb_fêbguihey
aZibkb5XQ/HQJWK/LPLWHG²5//Hgiha\hey_ljZaf_klblvgZ^bkd_\ihelhjZjZaZ[hevr_
bgnhjfZpbbq_fijbaZibkbihf_lh^m0)0b\ljbjZaZ[hevr_q_fijb)0dh^bjh\Zgbb
Ijb bkihevah\Zgbb wlh]h f_lh^Z ijhbkoh^bl dh^bjh\Zgb_ g_ hl^_evguo [blh\ Z p_euo
]jmii\j_amevlZl_q_]hkha^Zxlkyhij_^_e_ggu_ ihke_^h\Zl_evghklb ahgkf_guagZdZ
F_lh^5//[uejZajZ[hlZgnbjfhc,%0bkgZqZeZ bkihevah\Zeky \ ^bkdh\uo gZdhibl_
eyo [hevrbo fZrbg < dhgp_ o]h^h\ _]h klZeb bkihevah\Zlv \ gZdhibl_eyo gZ `_kldbo
^bkdZoIDZk_]h^gyhgijbf_gy_lkyihqlb\h\k_oID
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fbkf_guagZdZBaf_gyywlbiZjZf_ljufh`ghihemqZlvjZaebqgu_f_lhûdh^bjh\Zgbygh
gZijZdlbd_bkihevamxlky lhevdh^\Zbagbo5//b5//
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dh\ijbhjbl_lijbgZê_`bl gZ^_`ghklbkqblu\Zgby^Zgguofh`ghh`b^Zlvqlh\[eb`Zc
r_f[m^ms_ff_lh^5//^hklb]g_lgZb[hevr_]h jZkijhkljZg_gby
?s_ h^bg j_^dh bkihevam_fuc \ZjbZgl 5//² f_lh^ 5// Bgh]^Z _]h gZau\Zxl
mkh\_jr_gkl\h\Zgguf5//beb$55/$GYDQFHG5//K_]hihfhsvxfh`gh^hklbqv_s_
[hevr_ciehlghklbaZibkbbgnhjfZpbb q_fijbbkihevah\Zgbb f_lh^Z5// Ghdkh
`Ze_gbx gZ^_`ghklv $55/dh^bjh\Zgby hq_gv g_\ukhdZ _]h iulZebkv bkihevah\Zlv \
g_dhlhjuodhgljhee_jZo ghbo\uimkd[ue\kdhj_ij_djZs_g
Ihgylv kmsghklv 5//dh^bjh\Zgby [_a gZ]ey^guo ijbf_jh\ ^h\hevgh keh`gh ihwlhfm
jZkkfhljbff_lh^5//lZddZdbf_gghhgqZs_\k_]hbkihevam_lky>Z`_êywlh]hdhg
dj_lgh]h \ZjbZglZ fh`gh ihkljhblv fgh`_kl\h lukyqb lZ[ebp i_j_dh^bjh\db jZaebqguo
ihke_^h\Zl_evghkl_c [blh\ \ k_jbb ahg kf_gu agZdZ HklZgh\bfky gZ lZ[ebp_ dhlhjZy bk
ihevah\ZeZkvnbjfhc,%0ijbkha^Zgbbdh^_jh\^_dh^_jh\
Kh]eZkghwlhclZ[ebp_]jmiiu^Zgguoêbghc b [bl ij_h[jZamxlky \ k_jbb ahg
kf_guagZdZêbghc b[blh\uoyq__dkhhl\_lkl\_ggh Ijbwlhfdh^bjh\Zgb_ ihke_
^h\Zl_evghkl_c [blh\ijhbkoh^bl lZdqlh[ujZkklhygb_ f_`^mahgZfbkf_guagZdh\[ueh
g_kebrdhffZe_gvdbfghbg_kebrdhf[hevrbf
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l_ey dZd ijZ\beh y\eyxlky nbdkbjh\Zggufb <lhjh_ h]jZgbq_gb_ g_h[oh^bfh êy lh]h
qlh[uh[_ki_qblvkbgojhgbaZpbx mkljhckl\
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Òàáëèöà 9.2. Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü çîí ñìåíû çíàêà ïðè çàïèñè ïî ìåòîäó
RLL 2,7
Áèò äàííûõ Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü çîí ñìåíû çíàêà
10 NTNN
11 TNNN
000 NNNTNN
010 TNNTNN
011 NNTNNN
0010 NNTNNTNN
0011 NNNNTNNN
T ñìåíà çíàêà åñòü

N ñìåíû çíàêà íåò
Ijb \gbfZl_evghf bamq_gbb wlhc lZ[ebpu fh`gh aZf_lblv qlh dh^bjh\Zlv gZijbf_j
[Zcl g_evayihkdhevdm_]hg_evaykhklZ\blvbadhf[bgZpbbijb\_^_gguo \lZ[ebp_
]jmii [blh\ H^gZdh gZ ijZdlbd_ ijb wlhf gbdZdbo ijh[e_f g_ \hagbdZ_l >_eh \ lhf qlh
dhgljhee_jg_hi_jbjm_l [ZclZfb Z nhjfbjm_l kjZam p_eu_ k_dlhju aZibkb Ihwlhfm _keb
_fmihiZ^Z_lkylZdhc[ZclhgijhklhgZqbgZ_lbkdZlvihôh^ysmxêyjZa[b_gbygZ]jmiiu
dhf[bgZpbx kmq_lhfke_^mxs_]h [ZclZihke_^h\Zl_evghklb AZljm^g_gb_ fh`_l\hagbdgmlv
lhevdh\lhfkemqZ__kebmdZaZgguc[Zclihke_^gbc\k_dlhj_<wlhckblmZpbbdh^_jmklZ
gh\e_gguc\dhgljhee_j_ijhklh^hibku\Z_l\dhg_pihke_^g_]h[ZclZg_kdhevdh^hihegb
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ijhba\h^blkylZdbfdZdbfhg^he`_g[ulv

Ñðàâíåíèå ñïîñîáîâ êîäèðîâàíèÿ
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MB, M (Ìáàéò) Ìåãàáàéò 1 000 000 1 048 576
Gb (Ãáèò) Ãèãàáèò 1 000 000 000 1 073 741 824
GB, G (Ãáàéò) Ãèãàáàéò 1 000 000 000 1 073 741 824
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Íàêîïèòåëè
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Íîâåéøèå äîñòèæåíèÿ 472
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ñ èíòåðôåéñîì SCSI-2
Ïàðàìåòð Çíà÷åíèå Åäèíèöà èçìåðåíèÿ
Ëèíåéíàÿ ïëîòíîñòü çàïèñè 52 187 BPI (áèò íà äþéì)

Ðàññòîÿíèå ìåæäó áèòàìè íà äîðîæêå 19,16 ìèêðîäþéì
Ïëîòíîñòü äîðîæåê 3 047 TPI (äîðîæåê íà äþéì)
Ðàññòîÿíèå ìåæäó äîðîæêàìè 328,19 ìèêðîäþéì
Êîëè÷åñòâî äîðîæåê 2 707 øòóêà
×àñòîòà âðàùåíèÿ 7 200 îá/ìèí (RPM)
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äèñêà îòíîñèòåëüíî ãîëîâêè
Äëèíà ïîëçóíêà ãîëîâêè 0,08 äþéì
Âûñîòà ïîëçóíêà ãîëîâêè 0,02 äþéì
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Òàáëèöà 10.2. Ñòàíäàðòíûé ôîðìàò äîðîæêè ñ 17 ñåêòîðàìè
Êîëè÷åñòâî Íàèìåíîâàíèå Îïèñàíèå
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16 POST INDEX GAP (ïîñëåèíäåêñíûé èí- Âñå áàéòû ðàâíû 4Eh; çàïèñûâàþòñÿ â íà÷àëå
òåðâàë) äîðîæêè, ñðàçó ïîñëå èíäåêñíîé ìåòêè
(ìàðêåðà)
Ñëåäóþùèå äàííûå (ïðèâåäåííûå ìåæäó äâóìÿ ëèíèÿìè òàáëèöû) ïîâòîðÿþòñÿ 17 ðàç â êàæäîì
ñåêòîðå äîðîæêè, çàïèñàííîé ïî ìåòîäó MFM
13 ID VFO LOCK (çàõâàò ãåíåðàòîðà äëÿ Âñå áàéòû ðàâíû 00h; ïðîèñõîäèò ñèíõðîíè-
ñ÷èòûâàíèÿ èäåíòèôèêàòîðà ñåêòîðà) çàöèÿ ãåíåðàòîðà ïåðåä ñ÷èòûâàíèåì èäåí-
òèôèêàòîðà (ID) ñåêòîðà
1 SYNC BYTE (áàéò ñèíõðîíèçàöèè) A1h; ñîîáùàåò êîíòðîëëåðó î íà÷àëå ó÷àñòêà
ID ñåêòîðà (î òîì, ÷òî äàëåå ñëåäóþò äàííûå)
1 ADDRESS MARK (ìåòêà àäðåñà) FEh; îòìå÷àåò íà÷àëî ïîëÿ ID ñåêòîðà
2 CYLINDER NUMBER (íîìåð öèëèíäðà) Çíà÷åíèå áàéòîâ îïðåäåëÿåò ïîëîæåíèå
ïðèâîäà ãîëîâîê
1 HEAD NUMBER (íîìåð ãîëîâêè) Çíà÷åíèå áàéòà ñîîòâåòñòâóåò íîìåðó ãî-
ëîâêè
1 SECTOR NUMBER (íîìåð ñåêòîðà) Çíà÷åíèå áàéòà ñîîòâåòñòâóåò íîìåðó ñåê-
òîðà
2 CRC Êîíòðîëüíûå áàéòû CRC äëÿ ïðîâåðêè äàí-
íûõ ID ñåêòîðà
3 WRITE TURN-ON GAP (èíòåðâàë Âñå áàéòû ðàâíû 00h; îòäåëÿåò ID îò ñåêòîðà
âêëþ÷åíèÿ çàïèñè) äàííûõ
13 DATA SYNC VFO LOCK (çàõâàò ãåíå- Âñå áàéòû ðàâíû 00h; ïðîèñõîäèò ñèíõðîíè-
ðàòîðà äëÿ ñ÷èòûâàíèÿ äàííûõ) çàöèÿ ãåíåðàòîðà ïåðåä ñ÷èòûâàíèåì äàííûõ
1 SYNC BYTE (áàéò ñèíõðîíèçàöèè) A1h; ñîîáùàåò êîíòðîëëåðó î íà÷àëå îáëàñòè
äàííûõ
1 ADDRESS MARK (ìåòêà àäðåñà) F8h; îòìå÷àåò íà÷àëî îáëàñòè äàííûõ
512 DATA (äàííûå) Îáëàñòü äàííûõ
2 CRC Áàéòû êîíòðîëüíîé ñóììû CRC äëÿ ïðîâåðêè
äîñòîâåðíîñòè äàííûõ
3 WRITE TURN-OFF GAP (èíòåðâàë îò- Âñå áàéòû ðàâíû 00h; çàïèñûâàåòñÿ ïðè îá-
êëþ÷åíèÿ çàïèñè) íîâëåíèè äàííûõ äëÿ èõ îòäåëåíèÿ îò ïðî÷èõ
ó÷àñòêîâ

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Êîëè÷åñòâî Íàèìåíîâàíèå Îïèñàíèå
áàéòîâ
15 INTER-RECORD GAP (èíòåðâàë ìåæäó Âñå áàéòû ðàâíû 00h; ñòðàõîâî÷íàÿ çîíà äëÿ
çàïèñÿìè) çàùèòû äàííûõ îò ñòèðàíèÿ ïðè îòêëîíåíèÿõ
÷àñòîòû âðàùåíèÿ äèñêà îò íîìèíàëüíîé
693 PRE-INDEX GAP (ïðåäûíäåêñíûé èí- Âñå áàéòû ðàâíû 4Eh; êîíåö äîðîæêè ïåðåä
òåðâàë) èíäåêñíîé ìåòêîé (ìàðêåðîì)
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Òàáëèöà 10.3. Èíôîðìàöèÿ î çîíàõ æåñòêîãî äèñêà Quantum Fireball
Çîíà Äîðîæåê â çîíå Ñåêòîðîâ íà äîðîæêó Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ (Ìáèò/ñ)
0 454 232 92,9
1 457 229 91,7
2 454 225 90,4
3 454 225 89,2
4 454 214 85,8
5 454 205 82,1
6 454 195 77,9
7 454 185 74,4
8 454 180 71,4
9 454 170 68,2
10 454 162 65,2
11 454 153 61,7
12 454 142 57,4
13 454 135 53,7
14 454 122 49,5
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Îðãàíèçàöèÿ ðàçäåëîâ íà äèñêå

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Òàáëèöà 10.4. Çàâèñèìîñòü õàðàêòåðèñòèê íàêîïèòåëåé îò òèïà ïðèâîäà
Õàðàêòåðèñòèêà Ïðèâîä ñ øàãîâûì äâèãàòåëåì Ïðèâîä ñ ïîäâèæíîé êàòóøêîé
Âðåìÿ äîñòóïà ê äàííûì Áîëüøîå Ìàëîå

Ñòàáèëüíîñòü òåìïåðàòóðû Íèçêàÿ (î÷åíü!) Âûñîêàÿ
×óâñòâèòåëüíîñòü ê âûáîðó ðàáî- Âñåãäà Íåò
÷åãî ïîëîæåíèÿ
Àâòîìàòè÷åñêàÿ ïàðêîâêà ãîëîâîê Íå âñåãäà Äà
Ïðîôèëàêòè÷åñêîå îáñëóæèâàíèå Ïåðèîäè÷åñêîå ïåðåôîðìà- Íå òðåáóåòñÿ
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18 18
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Ðàçúåìû
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jZat_fêykb]gZeh\
Èíòåðôåéñíûé êàáåëü äèñêîâîäà ãèáêèõ

äèñêîâ
GZ^bkdh\h^ZonhjfZlZb^xcfZbkihevam_lkydhglZdlgucjZat_fGZagZq_gb_
dhglZdlh\jZat_fZijb\_^_gh\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 11.1. Íàçíà÷åíèå êîíòàêòîâ ðàçúåìà ñòàíäàðòíîãî äèñêîâîäà
Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë
1 Îáùèé 13 Îáùèé 24 Çàïèñü ðàçðåøåíà

2 Íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ 14 Âûáîð äèñêîâîäà À 25 Îáùèé
3 Îáùèé 15 Îáùèé 26 Äîðîæêà 0
4 Íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ 16 Àêòèâèçàöèÿ äâèãàòåëÿ Â 27 Îáùèé
5 Îáùèé 17 Îáùèé 28 Çàïðåùåíèå çàïèñè
6 Íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ 18 Íàïðàâëåíèå (øàãîâûé 29 Îáùèé
äâèãàòåëü)
7 Îáùèé 19 Îáùèé 30 ×òåíèå äàííûõ
8 Èíäåêñ 20 Èìïóëüñ øàãà 31 Îáùèé

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë
9 Îáùèé 21 Îáùèé 32 Âûáîð ãîëîâêè 1

10 Àêòèâèçàöèÿ 22 Çàïèñü äàííûõ 33 Îáùèé
äâèãàòåëÿ À
11 Îáùèé 23 Îáùèé 34 Îáùèé
12 Âûáîð äèñêîâî-
äà Â
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dexq_gbydkbkl_fghcieZl_b ih h^ghfm êy dZ`^h]h lbiZ ^bkdh\h^Z b ^xcfZ b
dZ`^h]hlbiZih^dexq_gby :b<jbk
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\hZgZkljhcdZbmklZgh\dZ^bkdh\h^h\mijhsZ_lky

Ôèçè÷åñêèå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè
è ïðèíöèïû ðàáîòû äèñêîâîäîâ
< gZklhys__ \j_fy \ kh\j_f_gguo dhfivxl_jZo bkihevam_lky ^bkdh\h^ ^xcfZ êy
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nhjfZlZ^xcfZgZF[ZcljZ[hlZ_lgZkdhjhklbh[fbgIjb\jZs_gbb^bkdZ]h
eh\dbfh]mli_j_f_sZlvky \i_j_^bgZaZ^gZjZkklhygb_ijb[ebabl_evgh \h^bg^xcfbaZ
ibku\Zlvbeb^hjh`_d>hjh`dbgZghkylkygZh[_klhjhgu^bkdZbihwlhfmbgh]^ZgZ
au\Zxlkypbebg^jZfb<hl^_evgucpbebg^j\oh^yl^hjh`dbgZ\_jog_cbgb`g_cklhjhgZo
^bkd_luIjbaZibkbbkihevam_lkyf_lh^lmgg_evghcih^qbkldbdhlhjucaZdexqZ_lky\lhf
qlhkgZqZeZaZibku\Zxlky ^hjh`dbhij_^_e_gghc rbjbguZaZl_fdjZy^hjh`_dklbjZxlky
qlh[uij_^hl\jZlblv \aZbfgh_\ebygb_khk_^gbo^hjh`_d
RbjbgZ^hjh`_d^bkdh\h^h\fh`_l[ulvjZaebqghc<lZ[eijb\_^_gujZaf_ju^h
jh`_d \ fbeebf_ljZo b ^xcfZo êy iylb lbih\ ^bkdh\h^h\ êy ]b[dbo ^bkdh\ bkihevamx
sboky\dhfivxl_jZo
Òàáëèöà 11.2. Øèðèíà äîðîæåê â äèñêîâîäàõ
Òèï äèñêîâîäà Êîëè÷åñòâî äîðîæåê Øèðèíà äîðîæêè, ìì Øèðèíà äîðîæêè, äþéì
íà êàæäîé ñòîðîíå
5,25 äþéìà, 360 Êáàéò 40 0,300 0,0118

5,25 äþéìà, 1,2 Ìáàéò 80 0,155 0,0061
3,5 äþéìà, 720 Êáàéò 80 0,115 0,0045
3,5 äþéìà, 1,44 Ìáàéò 80 0,115 0,0045
3,5 äþéìà, 2,88 Ìáàéò 80 0,115 0,0045
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå äèñêà îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìîé

>eyhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu^Zggu_gZ^bkdZoIDhj]Zgbah\Zgu \^hjh`dbbk_dlhju>h
jh`dbij_^klZ\eyxl kh[hcmadb_dhgp_gljbq_kdb_ dhevpZgZ^bkd_K_dlhju²wlhh[eZklb
\\b^_³dmkdh\lhjlZ´gZ^bkd_
<lZ[eijb\_^_guklZg^Zjlgu_ nhjfZlu^bkdh\
Òàáëèöà 11.3. Ôîðìàòû ãèáêèõ äèñêîâ äèàìåòðîì 5,25 è 3,5 äþéìà
Ïàðàìåòðû ôîðìàòèðîâàíèÿ ãèáêîãî äèñêà Äâîéíàÿ ïëîòíîñòü, Âûñîêàÿ ïëîòíîñòü,
äèàìåòðîì 5,25 äþéìà 360 Êáàéò (DD) 1,2 Ìáàéò (HD)
Ðàçìåð ñåêòîðà, áàéò 512 512

Êîëè÷åñòâî ñåêòîðîâ íà êàæäîé äîðîæêå 9 15
Êîëè÷åñòâî äîðîæåê íà êàæäîé ñòîðîíå 40 80
Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòîðîí 2 2
Åìêîñòü, Êáàéò 360 1200

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Ïàðàìåòðû ôîðìàòèðîâàíèÿ ãèáêîãî äèñêà Äâîéíàÿ ïëîòíîñòü, Âûñîêàÿ ïëîòíîñòü,
äèàìåòðîì 5,25 äþéìà 360 Êáàéò (DD) 1,2 Ìáàéò (HD)
Åìêîñòü, Ìáàéò 0,352 1,172

Åìêîñòü, ìëí áàéò 0,369 1,229
Ïàðàìåòðû ôîðìàòèðîâàíèÿ ãèáêîãî Äâîéíàÿ ïëîò- Âûñîêàÿ ïëîò- Ñâåðõâûñîêàÿ
äèñêà äèàìåòðîì 3,5 äþéìà íîñòü, 720 íîñòü, ïëîòíîñòü,
Êáàéò (DD) 1,44 Ìáàéò (HD) 2,88 Ìáàéò (ED)
Ðàçìåð ñåêòîðà, áàéò 512 512 512
Êîëè÷åñòâî ñåêòîðîâ íà êàæäîé äîðîæêå 9 18 36
Êîëè÷åñòâî äîðîæåê íà êàæäîé ñòîðîíå 80 80 80
Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòîðîí 2 2 2
Åìêîñòü, Êáàéò 720 1440 2880
Åìêîñòü, Ìáàéò 0,703 1,406 2,813
Åìêîñòü, ìëí áàéò 0,737 1,475 2,949
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g_m^h[gh êy ^bkd_l gZ b F[Zcl >bkd_lZ _fdhklvx F[Zcl² wlh \ ^_ckl\b
l_evghklb ^bkd_lZ gZ D[Zcl Ihkdhevdm F[Zcl jZ\_g D[Zcl lh ^bkd_lZ gZ
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fbeebhgZo[Zclh\<wlhfkemqZ_^bkd_lZgZF[Zclbf__l_fdhklvfeg[Zcl
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âØÔÐ²ÓÏÌÇËÌÑÈã¿ØÔÜÓÌÓÏÇÌ×ÑÏâØÔÓÌÔÉÚÔËÏÒÔ
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k_dlhj%RRW6HFWRUdhlhjucgm`_gêyaZ]jmadbdhfivxl_jZ<ke_^mxsbog_kdhevdbok_d
lhjZogZoh^ylkylZ[ebpujZaf_s_gbynZceh\)LOH$OORFDWLRQ7DEOH² )$7dhlhju_\uihe
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dhhj^bgZlZo gZqZevguo aZibk_c nZceh\ aZibkZgguo gZ ^bkd_ \u fh`_l_ m\b^_lv wlm bg
nhjfZpbxkihfhsvxdhfZgû',5
Ôèçè÷åñêèå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè è ïðèíöèïû ðàáîòû äèñêîâîäîâ 529

Öèëèíäðû
L_jfbg pbebg^j h[uqgh bkihevam_lky dZd kbghgbf ^hjh`db Pbebg^j F\OLQGHU² wlh
h[s__ dhebq_kl\h ^hjh`_d k dhlhjuo fh`gh kqblZlv bgnhjfZpbx g_ i_j_f_sZy ]heh\hd
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^\_]heh\db\]b[dhf^bkd_gZh^bgpbebg^jijboh^blky^\_^hjh`db<`_kldhf^bkd_fh
`_l[ulvfgh]h^bkdh\uoieZklbgdZ`^Zybadhlhjuobf__l^\_ beb [hevr_ ]heh\db ih
wlhfmh^ghfmpbebg^jmkhhl\_lkl\m_lfgh`_kl\h^hjh`_d
Êëàñòåðû, èëè ÿ÷åéêè ðàçìåùåíèÿ äàííûõ

DeZkl_jgZau\Zxlyq_cdhcjZaf_s_gby^ZgguolZddZdhl^_evgucdeZkl_jij_^klZ\ey_lkh
[hcgZbf_gvrmxh[eZklv^bkdZdhlhjmx'26fh`_lbkihevah\ZlvijbaZibkbnZceZDeZkl_j
aZgbfZ_lh^bgbebg_kdhevdhk_dlhjh\h[uqgh^\Zb[he__?keb\deZkl_j_kh^_j`blky[he__
h^gh]hk_dlhjZlhmf_gvrZ_lkyjZaf_jlZ[ebpujZaf_s_gbynZceh\)$7bmkdhjy_lkyjZ[hlZ
'26lZddZd_cijboh^blkyjZ[hlZlvkf_gvrbfdhebq_kl\hfyq__dGhijbwlhfl_jy_lkyg_
dhlhjh_ijhkljZgkl\h ^bkdZIhkdhevdm'26fh`_ljZkij_^_eylvijhkljZgkl\h lhevdhdeZkl_
jZfbdZ`ûcnZceih]ehsZ_lijhkljZgkl\h gZ^bkd_krZ]hf\h^bgdeZkl_j
< lZ[e ijb\_^_gu klZg^Zjlgu_ jZaf_ju deZkl_jh\ bkihevam_fuo '26 b :LQGRZV
êyjZaebqguonhjfZlh\]b[dbo^bkdh\
Òàáëèöà 11.4. Ñòàíäàðòíûå ðàçìåðû êëàñòåðîâ
Åìêîñòü ãèáêîãî äèñêà Ðàçìåð êëàñòåðà, ñåêòîðîâ Òèï )$7
5,25 äþéìà, 360 Êáàéò 2 1 024 áàéò, 12 áèò

5,25 äþéìà, 1,2 Ìáàéò 1 512 áàéò, 12 áèò
3,5 äþéìà, 720 Êáàéò 2 1 024 áàéò, 12 áèò
3,5 äþéìà, 1,44 Ìáàéò 1 512 áàéò, 12 áèò
3,5 äþéìà, 2,88 Ìáàéò 2 1 024 áàéò, 12 áèò
Ïåðåìû÷êà ñìåíû äèñêåòû

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kyêyi_j_^Zqbkb]gZeZgZau\Z_fh]hkb]gZehfkf_gu^bkd_lubeb'&'LVNHWWH&KDQJHOLQH
Kihfhsvxwlh]hkb]gZeZfh`ghhij_^_eblvijhbahreZebkf_gZ^bkd_lubg_\ugbfZ
eZkveb^bkd_lZihke_ihke_^g_]hh[jZs_gbyd^bkdmKb]gZekf_gu^bkd_lu²bfimevkguc
hgbaf_gy_lj_]bkljkhklhygby\dhgljhee_j_bk_]hihfhsvxdhfivxl_jmagZ_lhlhfqlh
^bkd_lZ [ueZ \klZ\e_gZ beb \ugmlZ Ih mfheqZgbx wlhl j_]bklj mklZgZ\eb\Z_lky jZ\guf
_^bgbp_ qlh[u mdZau\Zlv gZ lh qlh ^bkd_lZ [ueZ \klZ\e_gZ baf_g_gZ Dh]^Z dhgljhee_j
ihkueZ_lrZ]h\ucbfimevk^bkdh\h^mb^bkdh\h^hl\_qZ_lqlh]heh\dbi_j_f_s_gu lhj_
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Òèïû äèñêîâîäîâ
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kdb_k_dlhju
Òàáëèöà 11.5. Ïàðàìåòðû ôîðìàòèðîâàíèÿ ãèáêèõ äèñêîâ
Ñîâðåìåííûå ôîðìàòû Óñòàðåâøèå ôîðìàòû
Äèàìåòð äèñêà, äþéì 3,5 3,5 3,5 5,25 5,25 5,25 5,25 5,25
Åìêîñòü äèñêà, Êáàéò 2 880 1 440 720 1 200 360 320 180 160
Áàéò îïèñàíèÿ íîñèòåëÿ F0h F0h F9h F9h FDh FFh FCh FEh
Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòîðîí 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1
(ãîëîâîê)
Êîëè÷åñòâî äîðîæåê íà 80 80 80 80 40 40 40 40
êàæäîé ñòîðîíå
Òèïû äèñêîâîäîâ 531

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Ñîâðåìåííûå ôîðìàòû Óñòàðåâøèå ôîðìàòû
Äèàìåòð äèñêà, äþéì 3,5 3,5 3,5 5,25 5,25 5,25 5,25 5,25
Åìêîñòü äèñêà, Êáàéò 2 880 1 440 720 1 200 360 320 180 160
Êîëè÷åñòâî ñåêòîðîâ íà 36 18 9 15 9 8 9 8
äîðîæêå
Ðàçìåð ñåêòîðà, áàéò 512 512 512 512 512 512 512 512
Êîëè÷åñòâî ñåêòîðîâ â 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1
êëàñòåðå
Äëèíà FAT â ñåêòîðàõ 9 9 3 7 2 1 2 1
Êîëè÷åñòâî FAT 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Äëèíà êîðíåâîãî êàòàëî- 15 14 7 14 7 7 4 4
ãà â ñåêòîðàõ
Ìàêñèìàëüíîå êîëè÷åñòâî 240 224 112 224 112 112 64 64
ýëåìåíòîâ â êîðíåâîì êà-
òàëîãå
Îáùåå êîëè÷åñòâî ñåêòî- 5 760 2 880 1 440 2 400 720 640 360 320
ðîâ íà äèñêå
Êîëè÷åñòâî äîñòóïíûõ 5 726 2 847 1 426 2 371 708 630 351 313
ñåêòîðîâ
Êîëè÷åñòâî äîñòóïíûõ 2 863 2 847 713 2 371 354 315 351 313
êëàñòåðîâ
Äèñêîâîä ôîðìàòà 3,5 äþéìà íà 1,44 Ìáàéò

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Òàáëèöà 11.6. Ïàðàìåòðû ìàãíèòíûõ ïîêðûòèé äèñêåò
5,25 äþéìà 3,5 äþéìà
Ïàðàìåòð Äâîéíàÿ ×åòâåðíàÿ Âûñîêàÿ Äâîéíàÿ Âûñîêàÿ Ñâåðõâûñîêàÿ
ìàãíèòíîãî ïëîòíîñòü ïëîòíîñòü ïëîòíîñòü ïëîòíîñòü ïëîòíîñòü ïëîòíîñòü (ED)
ïîêðûòèÿ (DD) (QD) (HD) (DD) (HD)
Ïëîòíîñòü äî- 48 96 96 135 135 135
ðîæåê (TPI)
Ëèíåéíàÿ ïëîò- 5 876 5 876 9 646 8 717 17 434 34 868
íîñòü (BPI)
Îñíîâà ìàãíèò- Fe Fe Co Co Co Ba
íîãî ñëîÿ
Êîýðöèòèâíàÿ 300 300 600 600 720 750
ñèëà, Ý
Òîëùèíà, ìèê- 100 100 50 70 40 100
ðîäþéì
Ïîëÿðíîñòü çà- Ãîðèçîí- Ãîðèçîí- Ãîðèçîí- Ãîðèçîí- Ãîðèçîí- Âåðòèêàëü-
ïèñè òàëüíàÿ òàëüíàÿ òàëüíàÿ òàëüíàÿ òàëüíàÿ íàÿ
Ïëîòíîñòü çàïèñè
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Ðàçðåøåíèå âîçìîæíûõ ïðîáëåì

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Ðàçðåøåíèå âîçìîæíûõ ïðîáëåì 537

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Íàèáîëåå ÷àñòî âñòðå÷àþùèåñÿ ñîîáùåíèÿ

îá îøèáêàõ ïðè ðàáîòå äèñêîâîäîâ
Khh[s_gb_h[hrb[d_
Invalid Media or Track Zero Bad, Disk Unusable
IjbqbgZj_r_gb_
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Access Denied
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×èñòêà äèñêîâîäîâ
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Ðåìîíò äèñêîâîäîâ 539

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Ãëàâà 12
Íàêîïèòåëè
ñî ñìåííûìè
íîñèòåëÿìè
Çà÷åì èñïîëüçîâàòü íàêîïèòåëè ñî ñìåííûìè
íîñèòåëÿìè 542
Òèïû íàêîïèòåëåé ñî ñìåííûìè íîñèòåëÿìè 542
Ñðàâíåíèå íàêîïèòåëåé ñî ñìåííûìè êàðòðèäæàìè 547
Íàêîïèòåëè íà ìàãíèòíîé ëåíòå 547
Çà÷åì èñïîëüçîâàòü íàêîïèòåëè
ñî ñìåííûìè íîñèòåëÿìè
>ey lh]h qlh[u ihgylv ijbqbgm ihklhygghc g_o\Zldb ^bkdh\h]h ijhkljZgkl\Z \ kh\j_
f_gguo dhfivxl_jZo ^hklZlhqgh \a]eygmlv gZ dhebq_kl\h b h[t_f nZceh\ gZoh^ysboky \
^\mo hkgh\guo dZlZeh]Zo :LQGRZV[ h[uqgh wlh C:\Windows b C:\Windows\System
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fb gZdhibl_eyfb [hevrhc _fdhklb kh kf_ggufb ghkbl_eyfb J_qv ihc^_l h[ mkljhckl\Zo
fZ]gblgh]hbfZ]gblhhilbq_kdh]h ojZg_gby^Zgguo
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hl F[Zcl ^h =[Zcl h[eZ^Zxsb_ ^h\hevgh \ukhdbf [ukljh^_ckl\b_f GZ kf_gguo
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eh\bo[ukljh^_ckl\b_ \ur_q_fijbdhibjh\Zgbb [hevrh]hdhebq_kl\ZnZceh\bebkha^Z
gbb a_jdZevghc dhibb mkljhckl\Z E_glhqgu_ gZdhibl_eb ^_r_\e_ h[uqgh h[eZ^Zxl [hev
r_c_fdhklvxihkjZ\g_gbxk^bkdh\ufbbgZbemqrbfh[jZahfihôh^ylêykha^Zgby dh
ibb^bkdZbebdhibjh\Zgby [hevrh]hdhebq_kl\ZnZceh\<wlhc]eZ\_hibku\Zxlky h[ZlbiZ
gZdhibl_e_ckhkf_ggufbghkbl_eyfb
Òèïû íàêîïèòåëåé ñî ñìåííûìè

íîñèòåëÿìè
GZb[he__ rbjhdh jZkijhkljZg_gu gZdhibl_eb kh kf_ggufb ghkbl_eyfb ^\mo lbih\ k
fZ]gblgufb b hilbq_kdbfb ^bkdZfb bgh]^Z gZau\Z_fufb fZ]gblhhilbq_kdbfb K lhqdb
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pbibZevghg_hlebqZxlkyhl^bkdh\h^h\bh[uqguo`_kldbo^bkdh\<gZdhibl_eyokfZ]gb
lhhilbq_kdbfb ghkbl_eyfb bkihevam_lky gh\_crbc kihkh[ dh^bjh\Zgby ^Zgguo gZ ^bkd_ \
khq_lZgbbkljZ^bpbhgghc fZ]gblghcbeZa_jghcl_ogheh]byfb
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mkljhckl\Zmkljhckl\Zih^dexqZ_fu_ diZjZee_evghfmihjlmb_kl_kl\_ggh drbg_86%Y
g_j_dhf_g^mx\Zfijbh[j_lZlvgZdhibl_evdhlhjucih^dexqZ_lky diZjZee_evghfmihjlm
?^bgkl\_ggh_ ij_bfms_kl\h lZdbo gZdhibl_e_c² \hafh`ghklv ih^dexq_gby d ex[hfm
dhfivxl_jm H^gZdh kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo lZdh]h gZdhibl_ey g_\ukhdZ GZbemqrbf
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542 Íàêîïèòåëè ñî ñìåííûìè íîñèòåëÿìè

Çàìå÷àíèå
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Mkljhckl\Zkhkf_ggufbfZ]gblgufbghkbl_eyfb\uimkdZxlky \k_]hebrvg_kdhevdbfb
dhfiZgbyfb Eb^_jhf kj_^b gbo y\ey_lky nbjfZ ,RPHJD dhlhjZy i_j\hc gZeZ^beZ \uimkd
gZdhibl_e_c[hevrhc_fdhklbbdZjljb^`_chlebqZxsboky bkdexqbl_evghc ijhqghklvxb
gZ^_`ghklvx OhjhrhaZj_dhf_g^h\Zebk_[ylZd`_nbjfu6\4XHVWb0
Kf_ggu_fZ]gblgu_gZdhibl_ebh[uqghbf_xlnhjfZl]b[dbo beb `_kldbo ^bkdh\ GZ
ijbf_jihimeyjgucgZdhibl_ev=LSy\ey_lkyebrv^xcfh\hcfh^bnbdZpb_c gZdhibl_ey
lbiZ%HUQRXOOLnbjfu,RPHJDGh\ucgZdhibl_ev/6nbjfu0aZibku\Z_lbgnhjfZpbx
gZ^bkdb_fdhklvxF[Zcldhlhju_\u]ey^ylihqlblZd`_dZdb]b[db_^bkdb_fdhklvx
F[Zcl
GZdhibl_ev /6 klZg^Zjlbabjh\Zg b ih^^_j`b\Z_lky fgh]bfb nbjfZfbijhba\h^b
l_eyfb:gZdhibl_ev=LSfh`ghgZa\ZlvklZg^Zjlhf^_nZdlh<[hevrbgkl\_ gh\uokh\j_
f_gguodhfivxl_jh\ hgmklZgZ\eb\Z_lky \f_klhh[uqgh]h^bkdh\h^Z^xcfZZijZdlbq_
kdb\k_kh\j_f_ggu_ %,26iha\heyxlk^_eZlvwlhmkljhckl\ZaZ]jmahqguf
Gb`_hibkZgufZ]gblgu_bfZ]gblhhilbq_kdb_ gZdhibl_eb
Íàêîïèòåëè íà ãèáêèõ îïòè÷åñêèõ äèñêàõ

AZ\h_\ZeZijbagZgb__s_h^gZjZagh\b^ghklv gZdhibl_e_cih\ur_gghc _fdhklbkhkf_g
gufghkbl_e_f²gZdhibl_ebgZ]b[dbohilbq_kdbo^bkdZoIORSWLFDOGULYHVGZdhibl_eb_f
dhklvx b F[Zcl ijhkms_kl\h\Zeb ^h\hevgh ^he]h lhevdh g_^Z\gh gZdhibl_eb gZ
F[ZclklZeb\uoh^blvbamihlj_[e_gby bbogZqZebaZf_gylvmkljhckl\Z_fdhklvx b
F[ZclHgb[uebkha^Zgunbjfhc,QVLWH3HULSKHUDOVbbkihevah\Zeb ^bkdbjZaf_jdhlh
juojZ\_gjZaf_jm^xcfh\uo^bkd_l
Djhf_ lh]h \ gZdhibl_eyo wlh]h lbiZ fh`gh kqblu\Zlv b aZibku\Zlv bgnhjfZpbx gZ
^bkd_lu _fdhklvx F[Zcl b D[Zcl hgb g_ fh]ml jZ[hlZlv k ^bkdZfb _fdhklvx
F[Zcl < g_dhlhjhf kfuke_ bo fh`gh jZkkfZljb\Zlv dZd mgb\_jkZevgu_ ^bkdh\hû
kihkh[gu_aZf_gblvgug_rgb_gZdhibl_ebgZ]b[dbo^bkdZo
Ijbkmlkl\b_ \ gZa\Zgbb keh\Z hilbq_kdbc gZ\h^bl gZ fukev h lhf qlh ^Zggu_ aZibku
\Zxlky gZ ^bkd k ihfhsvx eZa_jgh]h emqZ \u`b]Zxlky beb ³]jZ\bjmxlky´ dZd gZ &'
520bebfZ]gblhhilbq_kdbo ^bkdZoH^gZdhwlhg_lZdBgnhjfZpbyaZibku\Z_lky ljZ^bpb
hgguffZ]gblgufkihkh[hf²kihfhsvx]heh\hdaZibkbql_gbyGZih\_joghklv^bkdZgZ
g_k_g lZdhc `_ n_jjhfZ]gblguc kehc dZd b gZ h[uqgu_ ]b[db_ b `_kldb_ ^bkdb Klhev
[hevrZy _fdhklv ^hklb]Z_lky aZ kq_l lh]h qlh dhebq_kl\h ^hjh`_d gZ ]b[dbo hilbq_kdbo
^bkdZom\_ebq_gh\^_kyldbjZaihkjZ\g_gbxkh[uqghc^bkd_lhc+'?kl_kl\_gghqlhrb
jbgZ^hjh`_dijbwlhfagZqbl_evghmf_gvrbeZkv
Bf_ggh a^_kv b \klmiZ_l \ ^_ckl\b_ hilbdZ >ey lhqgh]h ih^\_^_gby ]heh\hd aZib
kbql_gbyd^hjh`dZfbkihevam_lky³hilbq_kdbcijbp_e´GZ^bkdgZghkblkyjZaf_ldZ^hjh
`_daZibkbHgZ³\i_qZlu\Z_lky ´\ih\_joghklv^bkdZbg_fh`_l[ulvmgbqlh`_gZijbaZib
kb<ijhp_kk_ql_gbybebaZibkbf_oZgbafijb\h^Z]heh\hdmijZ\ey_lky kb]gZehf k eZa_j
gh]h ^ZlqbdZ k ihfhsvx dhlhjh]h b hij_^_eyxlky l_dmsb_ dhhj^bgZlu ]heh\hd
hlghkbl_evgh jZaf_ldbgZ^bkd_Wlhh[_ki_qb\Z_l bolhqgh_nhdmkbjh\Zgb_gZ^hjh`dm

Çàìå÷àíèå
pÕÏ×ÈÓÏÌ ÓÈ²ÔÕÏØÌÑÌÐ ÓÈ ÏÉ²ÏÚ ÔÕØÏÜÌ×²ÏÚ ËÏ×²ÈÚ ÌÒ²Ô×Øáã nÉÈÐØ /6å ÌÒ²Ô×Øáã
nÉÈÐØÏÓÈ²ÔÕÏØÌÑÌÐ%HUQRXOOLÒÔÍÓÔÓÈÐØÏÊËÔÕÔÑÓÌÓÏÏÓÈÕÖÏÑÈÈÌÒÔÒ²ÔÒÕÈ²ØåËÏ×²Ì
Íàêîïèòåëè Iomega Zip

?s_h^gbf\ZjbZglhfgZdhibl_e_c%HUQRXOOLnbjfu,RPHJDy\ey_lkyihimeyjgucgZdhib
l_ev =LS Hg \uimkdZ_lky \ \b^_ Z\lhghfgh]h [ehdZ b \kljZb\Z_fh]h \gmlj_gg_]h 6&6,
fh^meyZlZd`_\\b^_Z\lhghfguofh^me_cih^dexqZ_fuo diZjZee_evghfmihjlmWlbgZ
dhibl_ebfh]mlojZgblv^h F[Zcl ^Zgguo gZ dZjljb^`Zo gZihfbgZxsbo ^bkd_lm nhj
fZlZ^xcfZh[_ki_qb\Zxl \j_fy^hklmiZjZ\gh_fkbkdhjhklvi_j_^Zqb^Zgguokh
klZ\eyxsmxF[Zclkijbbkihevah\Zgbb bgl_jn_ckZ6&6,?kebmkljhckl\hih^dexqZ_lky
dkbkl_f_q_j_aiZjZee_evguc ihjllhkdhjhklvi_j_^Zqb^Zgguoh]jZgbq_gZkdhjhklvxiZ
jZee_evgh]hihjlZ
GZdhibl_eb=LSbkihevamxl ki_pbZevgu_ ^xcfh\u_^bkdbdhlhju_ijb[ebabl_evgh \
^\ZjZaZlhes_h[uqguo^xcfh\uo^bkd_lGZdhibl_ev=LSg_kihkh[_gjZ[hlZlvk]b[
dbfb^bkdZfbgZF[ZclbD[Zclihwlhfmhgg_fh`_laZf_gblvgZdhibl_evgZ]b[
dbo ^bkdZo :\lhghfgu_ gZdhibl_eb =LS aZ\h_\Zeb rbjhdmx ihimeyjghklv [eZ]h^Zjy m^h[
kl\mboijbf_g_gbyêyi_j_^Zqb^Zgguof_`^mkbkl_fZfbHkgh\gu_ijhba\h^bl_eb 3&Zd
lb\ghbkihevamxl wlbgZdhibl_ebbm`_kha^Zgu\_jkbbkbkl_fguo%,26ih^^_j`b\Zxsb_
wlhlgZdhibl_evGZdhibl_eb=LSbgh]^Zih^\_j`_gu^_n_dlZfdhlhju_gZau\Zxl³s_eqdb
kf_jlb´Dkh`Ze_gbxwlhl^_n_dlmkljZgy_lkylhevdhaZf_ghcgZdhibl_eyb^bkd_lu
<lZ[eijb\_^_guiZjZf_ljugZdhibl_ey=LS_fdhklvxbF[Zcl
Òàáëèöà 12.1. Ïàðàìåòðû íàêîïèòåëÿ Zip
Ìîäåëü (èíòåðôåéñ) SCSI è/èëè ïàðàëëåëüíûé ïîðò EIDE
Ôîðìàòèðîâàííàÿ åìêîñòü, Ìáàéò 100 èëè 250 100 èëè 250

Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ ïîääåðæèâàåìàÿ ñêîðîñòü 1,40 1,40
ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ, Ìáàéò/ñ
Ìèíèìàëüíàÿ ïîääåðæèâàåìàÿ ñêîðîñòü 0,79 0,79
ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ, Ìáàéò/ñ
Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå, Ìáàéò/ìèí 60 (SCSI); 20 (ïàðàëëåëüíûé ïîðò) 84
Ñðåäíåå âðåìÿ ïîèñêà, ìñ 29 29
Ñêîðîñòü âðàùåíèÿ äèñêà, îá/ìèí 2 941 2 941
Ðàçìåð áóôåðà, Êáàéò 32 16
GZjbkihdZaZgZko_fZgZdhibl_ey=LS
Ùåë÷êè ñìåðòè
K fhf_glZ gZqZeZ ijhba\h^kl\Z gZdhibl_e_c =LS \ nbjfm ,RPHJD ihklmibeh hdheh
luk `Zeh[ ihevah\Zl_e_c Kmlv ijh[e_fu khklhbl \ lhf qlh ijb ihiuld_ kqblu\Zgby
bebaZibkbgZih\j_`^_gguc ^bkdjZa^Zxlkyj_adb_s_eqdbQZs_\k_]hihke_wlh]hkZfgZ
dhibl_ev\uoh^blbakljhybeb`_gZqbgZ_lih\j_`^Zlvihf_sZ_fu_ \g_]h^bkdb?keb`_
ihiulZlvkyijhqblZlvlZdhcih\j_`^_gguc ^bkd\^jm]hfgZdhibl_e_=LSlhhglh`_\uc^_l
bakljhy

JbkKo_fZgZdhibl_ey=LS
NbjfZ ,RPHJD jZajZ[hlZeZ j_dhf_g^Zpbb ih bkihevah\Zgbx mkljhckl\ b ij_^hl\jZs_

gbxijh[e_f
ba\e_dZcl_^bkdbagZdhibl_eyijbljZgkihjlbjh\d_
h[_j_]Zcl_gZdhibl_evhlj_adbo\kljykhdbm^Zjh\
g_iulZcl_kvijhq_klvih\j_`^_gguc ^bkd\^jm]hfgZdhibl_e_
Çàìå÷àíèå
vÏÖÒÈ,RPHJDÖÈÎÖÈÉÔØÈÑÈËÏÈÓÔ×ØÏÜÌ×²¿ãÕÖÔÖÈÒÒ¿ËÑÇØÌ×ØÏÖÔÊÈÓÏÇËÏ×²ÔÊÏÓÈ²ÔÕÏå
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ÕÖÔ×ØÖÈÓÌÓÈ ËÏÈÓÔ×ØÏÜÌ×²ÈÇ ÕÖÔÖÈÒÒÈ ÙÏÖÒà *LEVRQ 5HVHDUFK pÕÏ×ÈÓÓàÌ ÕÖÔÖÈÒÒà
ÒÔÍÓÔÓÈÐØÏÓÈ:HEå¿ÎÑÈÚÙÏÖÒåÖÈÎÖÈÉÔØÜÏ²ÔÊ
QZs_\k_]hijbqbghc³s_eqdh\kf_jlb´gZdhibl_e_c=LSy\ey_lkyke_^mxs__
fZ]gblgu_qZklbpughkbl_eyih\j_^bebf_oZgbafijb\h^Z]heh\hdZkZfgZdhibl_ev
ihke_wlh]hih\j_`^Z_l^bkdb
]heh\dbgZdhibl_eydhkgmebkvdjZy\jZsZxs_]hky ^bkdZ\j_amevlZl_q_]hih\j_`^Z
_lkyb^bkdbgZdhibl_ev
Klhbfhklv\hkklZgh\e_gby ^Zgguokih\j_`^_gguo ^bkdh\=LS^hoh^bl^h^heeZjh\
aZ^bkdIhwlhfmgZb[he__\Z`gu_^Zggu_dhibjmcl_gZg_kdhevdhghkbl_e_c
Zip 250
G_^Z\ghgZjugd_ihy\beZkvfh^_evgZdhibl_ey=LS\dhlhjhcbkihevamxlky ^bkdb_fdh
klvx F[Zcl Wlb gZdhibl_eb h[jZlgh kh\f_klbfu k ^bkdZfb F[Zcl Ke_^m_l hlf_
lblv qlh [ukljh^_ckl\b_ 6&6,mkljhckl\Z _fdhklvx F[Zcl ijb[ebabl_evgh \ jZaZ
\ur_ ZgZeh]bqgh]h mkljhckl\Z _fdhklvx F[Zcl Z gZdhibl_eb k iZjZee_evguf bgl_j
n_ckhf ih ijhba\h^bl_evghklb g_ hlebqZxlky kdhjhklv h]jZgbqb\Z_lky kdhjhklvx iZjZe
e_evgh]hihjlZ

Íàêîïèòåëè Jaz
D lbim gZdhibl_e_c gZ kf_gguo `_kldbo ^bkdZo hlghkblky b gZdhibl_ev -D] nbjfu
,RPHJD Nbabq_kdb b nmgdpbhgZevgh hg iheghklvx b^_glbq_g gZdhibl_eyf 6\4XHVW gh _f
dhklvbkihevam_fh]h dZjljb^`Zm\_ebq_gZ^h=[Zclbeb=[ZclDkh`Ze_gbxklhbfhklv
kZfh]hdZjljb^`Z^hklZlhqgh\ukhdZihkjZ\g_gbxkhklhbfhklvxdZjljb^`Z'$7kihkh[
gh]hojZgblv\±jZa[hevr_^Zgguo<ukhdZyklhbfhklvdZjljb^`_cg_iha\hey_lgZdhib
l_eyf-D]dhgdmjbjh\Zlv khklZevgufbmkljhckl\Zfb j_a_j\gh]hdhibjh\Zgby^Zgguoh^gZ
dh wlb gZdhibl_eb fh]ml kem`blv \g_rgbfb `_kldbfb ^bkdZfb bgl_jn_ckZ 6&6, <
lZ[eijb\_^_guiZjZf_ljugZdhibl_ey-D]
Òàáëèöà 12.2. Ïàðàìåòðû íàêîïèòåëÿ Jaz
Ìîäåëü 1 Ãáàéò 2 Ãáàéò
Ôîðìàòèðîâàííàÿ åìêîñòü, ìëí áàéò 1 070 2 000

Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ, Ìáàéò/ñ
ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ 6,62 8,7
ñðåäíÿÿ 5,4 7,34
ìèíèìàëüíàÿ 3,41 3,41
êîíâåéåðíàÿ 10 20
Ñðåäíåå âðåìÿ ïîèñêà ïðè ÷òåíèè, ìñ 10 10
Ñðåäíåå âðåìÿ ïîèñêà ïðè çàïèñè, ìñ 12 12
Âðåìÿ äîñòóïà, ìñ 15,517,5 15,517,5
Ñêîðîñòü âðàùåíèÿ äèñêà, îá/ìèí 5 400 5 394
Ðàçìåð áóôåðà, Êáàéò 256 512
Èíòåðôåéñ Fast SCSI II Ultra SCSI
Íàêîïèòåëè ôèðìû SyQuest

Wlb gZdhibl_eb jZkkqblZgu gZ dZjljb^`b nhjfZlh\ b ^xcfZ Bo dZd b ^bkdb
%HUQRXOOL e_]dh hlebqblv hl h[uqguo ^bkd_l M dZjljb^`_c nhjfZlZ ^xcfZ gZ b
F[Zcl b nhjfZlZ ^xcfZ gZ F[Zcl nbjfu 6\'26 Z lZd`_ m dZjljb^`_c gZ
F[Zcl nbjfu 6\4XHVW dhjimkZ k^_eZgu ba ijhajZqghc ieZklfZkku QZklhlZ \jZs_gby
^bkdZ\gZdhibl_e_khklZ\ey_lg_kdhevdhlukyqh[hjhlh\\fbgmlmIhml\_j`^_gbx nbjfu
6\4XHVWkj_^g__\j_fy^hklmiZd^Zgguf\__gZdhibl_eyojZ\ghfk
Ohly ^bkdb nbjf 6\4XHVW b 6\'26 y\eyxlky `_kldbfb b aZdexq_gu \ ieZklfZkkh\u_
nmleyju bo ijhqghklv b gZ^_`ghklv gb`_ q_f m dZjljb^`_c %HUQRXOOL DZd ihdZau\Z_l
hiul hgb ^hklZlhqgh ojmidb_ H^gZdh ijb ZddmjZlghf h[jZs_gbb wlb dZjljb^`b \iheg_
m^h\e_l\hjbl_evgh i_j_ghkylljZgkihjlbjh\dm ?keb\ukh[bjZ_l_kvhlijZ\eylvlZdb_^bkdb
ihihql_lsZl_evghbomiZdmcl_
GZdhibl_eb 6\4XHVW b 6\'26 \uimkdZxlky dZd êy \gmlj_gg_c mklZgh\db lZd b êy
\g_rg_c<kljh_ggZyfh^_evih^dexqZ_lky dZ^Zil_jm,'(êy`_kldbo^bkdh\h[uqghm`_
mklZgh\e_gghfm \dhfivxl_j_>ey\g_rg_]hmkljhckl\Zgm`gZieZlZZ^Zil_jZ6&6,k\g_r
gbf jZat_fhf IblZgb_ \g_rgbc gZdhibl_ev ihemqZ_l hl ^hihegbl_evgh]h [ehdZ iblZgby
ih^dexqZ_fh]h dk_lb

Ñðàâíåíèå íàêîïèòåëåé ñî ñìåííûìè
êàðòðèäæàìè
Ij_`^_ q_f hlijZ\blvky \ fZ]Zabg aZ ihdmidhc gZdhibl_ey \gbfZl_evgh bamqbl_
lZ[eDjhf_lh]hihfgbl_hke_^mxsboiZjZf_ljZo
p_gZaZf_]Z[Zcl
\j_fy^hklmiZj_Zevgh_bg_h[oh^bfh_
kh\f_klbfhklv
bkiheg_gb_²\gmlj_gg__beb\g_rg__
\hafh`ghklv aZ]jmadbhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fukijbh[j_lZ_fh]h gZdhibl_ey
Òàáëèöà 12.3. Ñðàâíåíèå íåêîòîðûõ íàêîïèòåëåé ñî ñìåííûìè

êàðòðèäæàìè
Òèï íàêîïèòåëÿ Åìêîñòü Ñðåäíåå âðåìÿ äîñòóïà, ìñ Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ,
äèñêà/êàðòðèäæà Ìáàéò/ñ
Iomega Zip Parallel 100 Ìáàéò 29 1,4

Iomega Zip IDE 100 Ìáàéò 29 1,4
Iomega Zip SCSI 100 Ìáàéò 29 1,4
Imation LS-120 Internal 120 Ìáàéò 70 4
SyQuest 235 Parallel 235 Ìáàéò 13,5 1,25
SyQuest 235 SCSI/IDE 235 Ìáàéò 13,5 2,4
Iomega Jaz SCSI 2 Ãáàéò 12 5,4
SyQuest Syjet SCSI 1,5 Ãáàéò 12 5,3
SyQuest Syjet IDE 1,5 Ãáàéò 12 5,3
SyQuest SparQ IDE 1 Ãáàéò 12 6,9
SyQuest SparQ Parallel 1 Ãáàéò 12 1,25
Íàêîïèòåëü CD-R 650 Ìáàéò <150 150 Êáàéò/ñ2,4 Ìáàéò/ñ
Íàêîïèòåëè íà ìàãíèòíîé ëåíòå

<Z`ghklv j_a_j\gh]h dhibjh\Zgby ^Zgguo ljm^gh i_j_hp_gblv Ijb [hevrbo _fdhklyo
gZdhibl_e_cgZ`_kldbo^bkdZogZdhlhjuoojZgblkyfgh]hijh]jZffbeb\l_okemqZyodh
]^Z j_amevlZlu jZ[hlu ij_^klZ\e_gu [hevrbfb fZkkb\Zfb ^Zgguo lZdbf dhibjh\Zgb_f
gm`ghaZgbfZlvkyj_]meyjghjZa\g_^_exbeb^Z`__`_^g_\gh
Djhf_lh]hijh[e_fZg_o\Zldbf_klZgZ^bkd_ihoh`_g_[m^_lj_r_gZgbdh]^Z>eyq_
]h[ugb[ueij_^gZagZq_g \Zrdhfivxl_j²êy[bag_kZmq_[ubebijhklhêyb]jh[t_f
mklZgh\e_gguo gZ g_f ijh]jZff b ihjh`^_gguo bfb ^Zgguo kh \j_f_g_f klZgh\blky gZ
klhevdh[hevrbfqlhij_\urZ_lex[mxdZaZ\rmxkyihgZqZem[_kij_^_evghc _fdhklv`_
kldh]h^bkdZ
< wlhf jZa^_e_ jZkkfZljb\Zxlky ij_^gZagZq_ggu_ êy j_a_j\bjh\Zgby gZdhibl_eb gZ
fZ]gblghce_gl_dhlhju_\k_qZs_bkihevamxlky êyojZg_gby[hevrboh[t_fh\bgnhjfZ
pbbbfh]mlm^h\e_l\hjblv ijZdlbq_kdbex[u_aZijhkudZkZxsb_ky_fdhklbgZdhibl_e_c
Ñðàâíåíèå íàêîïèòåëåé ñî ñìåííûìè êàðòðèäæàìè 547

DZ`^h_ ba^Zgb_ h i_jkhgZevguo dhfivxl_jZo gZklhyl_evgh j_dhf_g^m_l j_]meyjgh \u
ihegylvj_a_j\gh_dhibjh\Zgb_ bgnhjfZpbb Wlh g_h[oh^bfh ihlhfm qlh ex[Zy g_bkijZ\
ghklvfh`_lijb\_klbdihl_j_\Z`guo^Zgguobebihjq_ijh]jZffaZibkZgguogZ`_kldhf
^bkd_Ih\j_`^_gb_ bgnhjfZpbbgZ`_kldhf^bkd_fh`_lijhbahclbihjZagufijbqbgZf
I_j_iZ^gZijy`_gby\k_lb
Hrb[hqgh_m^Ze_gb_bgnhjfZpbbbebaZibkvgh\h]hnZceZgZf_klhklZjh]h
NhjfZlbjh\Zgb_ `_kldh]h^bkdZ\f_klh^bkd_lu
Iheguc\uoh^bakljhy`_kldh]h^bkdZ<wlhfkemqZ_ijb^_lkyg_lhevdhmklZgZ\eb
\Zlvgh\ucgZdhibl_evghbih\lhjghbgklZeebjh\Zlv\k_ijh]jZffu
Klbobcgh_ [_^kl\b_ rlhjf gZ\h^g_gb_ m^Zj fhegbb ih`Zj djZ`Z dhfivxl_jZ
H^bg_^bgkl\_gguc jZajy^ fhegbb kihkh[_g \u\_klb ba kljhy b dhfivxl_j b gZdh
ibl_evgZ`_kldhf^bkd_DjZ`mylh`_hlghrmdg_kqZklgufkemqZyf ihkdhevdm __
ihke_^kl\by klhev `_ i_qZevgu H^gZdh _keb m \Zk _klv j_a_j\gZy dhiby `_kldh]h
^bkdZ ijhiZ\r_]h dhfivxl_jZ lh k __ ihfhsvx fh`gh agZqbl_evgh mijhklblv ijh
p_^mjmgZkljhcdbgh\h]hdhfivxl_jZ
Ihl_jy p_gguo ^Zgguo baaZ dhfivxl_jgh]h \bjmkZ H^gZ`û aZ]jmab\ ijh]jZffm k
\bjmkhf\ufh`_l_ih\j_^blvg_dhlhju_p_ggu_nZceubeb^Z`_\_kv`_kldbc^bkd
>Z`_kZfu_emqrb_Zglb\bjmkgu_ ijh]jZffug_kfh]mlkijZ\blvkykh\k_fb\bjmkZ
fb²dZ`ûcf_kypihy\eyxlkykhlgbgh\uoH^gZdh_keb\ukhojZgbebg_aZjZ`_g
gu_djblbq_kdb_nZceuk\h_ckbkl_fuwlhhq_gvihfh`_lijb__\hkklZgh\e_gbb
LZdhc[hevghc\hijhkdZdg_o\ZldZgZ^bkd_k\h[h^gh]hf_klZlh`_fh`ghjZaj_rblvk
ihfhsvxZjob\bjh\Zgby ^ZgguoKhojZgb\j_^dhbkihevam_fu_ ^Zggu_\\b^_Zjob\Zbm^Z
eb\ hjb]bgZeu nZceh\ k `_kldh]h ^bkdZ fh`gh hk\h[h^blv f_klh êy gh\uo ijh]jZff b
^Zgguo ?keb \Zf \ ^Zevg_cr_f ihgZ^h[blky \hkklZgh\blv dZdhcgb[m^v dhgdj_lguc nZce
_]hfh`gh[m^_l\aylvbaZjob\Z?kebg_h[oh^bfh i_j_g_klb[hevrb_h[t_fu^Zgguokh^
gh]h dhfivxl_jZ gZ ^jm]hc gZijbf_j hlijZ\blv bo \ ^jm]hc ]hjh^ lh bo lZd`_ emqr_
ij_^\Zjbl_evgh khojZgblv\\b^_j_a_j\ghcZjob\ghcdhibbDZkk_lmke_glhcfh`ghkih
dhcghi_j_keZlvihihql_
GZb[he__ijhklufbwnn_dlb\guf kj_^kl\hfojZg_gbyj_a_j\guodhibcy\eyxlkygZdh
ibl_ebgZfZ]gblghce_gl_?keblZdhcgZdhibl_evmklZgh\e_gg_ihkj_^kl\_ggh \dhfivxl_
j_ijhklh\klZ\vl_\g_]hdZkk_lmaZimklbl_ijh]jZffmj_a_j\gh]hdhibjh\Zgbyb\u[_jbl_
^bkdbebhl^_evgu_nZceudhlhju_ohlbl_ khojZgblv IhdZ \u[jZggu_ nZceu dhibjmxlky
gZe_glmfh`_l_aZgylvky^jm]bfb^_eZfbDh]^Ziha^g__\Zfihlj_[m_lkykqblZlvkZjob\
ghce_gluhl^_evgu_nZceubeb\k_kjZam\gh\v\klZ\vl_dZkk_lm\gZdhibl_evaZimklbl_
ijh]jZffmdhibjh\Zgby bmdZ`bl_nZceudhlhju_ohlbl_\hkklZgh\blv <k_hklZevgu_hi_
jZpbb[m^ml\uiheg_gu[_a\Zr_]hmqZklby>Zevr_jZkkfZljb\Zxlky lbiu gZdhibl_e_c gZ
fZ]gblghce_gl_ij_^gZagZq_ggu_ êyj_a_j\bjh\Zgby Zjob\bjh\Zgby bo_fdhklbblj_[h
\Zgby ij_^ty\ey_fu_ d dhfivxl_jm ijb mklZgh\d_ b bkihevah\Zgbb ih^h[guo mkljhckl\
BlZdgb`_hk\_sZxlkyke_^mxsb_\hijhku
h[s_ijbgylu_ klZg^ZjlujZajZ[hlZggu_ êygZdhibl_e_cgZfZ]gblghce_gl_\lhf
qbke_4,&
_fdhklbjZaebqguodZkk_l
gh\u_gZdhibl_eb[hevrhc_fdhklb
jZkijhkljZg_ggu_ bgl_jn_ckugZdhibl_e_cgZfZ]gblghce_gl_
ihjlZlb\gu_ gZdhibl_eb
ijh]jZffuêyj_a_j\bjh\Zgby gZfZ]gblghce_gl_

Èñòîðèÿ ðàçâèòèÿ ñèñòåì çàïèñè äàííûõ
íà ìàãíèòíóþ ëåíòó
W\hexpbyf_lh^h\bmkljhckl\aZibkb^ZgguogZfZ]gblgmxe_glmih^h[gZijhp_kkmjZa
\blby ^jm]bo dhfihg_glh\ dhfivxl_jguo kbkl_f OjZgblv bgnhjfZpbx gZ e_gl_ klZeb aZ
^he]h ^h ihy\e_gby dZdboeb[h klZg^Zjlh\ KgZqZeZ êy wlh]h bkihevah\Zebkv gZdhibl_eb
ihoh`b_ gZ klZju_ dZlmr_qgu_ fZ]gblhnhgu aZl_f ihimeyjghc klZeZ e_glZ rbjbghc
^xcfZH^gZdhdZ`^ZynbjfZijhba\h^bl_ev ijbf_gyeZk\hxkbkl_fmdh^bjh\Zgby^Zg
guoJZagufb[uebg_lhevdhdhebq_kl\h^hjh`_dbiehlghklvaZibkbghbbgl_jn_ckuêy
ih^dexq_gby gZdhibl_eyddhfivxl_jm
<]h^mihqlbaZe_l^hihy\e_gby,%03&nbjfZ0jZajZ[hlZeZi_j\mxdZkk_lm
jZaf_jhf uu^xcfZ ijbf_jgh uukf êy e_glu rbjbghc ^xcfZ ij_^gZ
agZq_ggmx ki_pbZevgh êy ojZg_gby ^Zgguo <gmljb dZkk_lu gZoh^bebkv ^\_ dZlmrdb
<ijhp_kk_aZibkbbeb\hkijhba\_^_gby e_glZi_j_fZlu\ZeZkv kh^ghcdZlmrdbgZ^jm]mxk
ihfhsvx e_glhijhly`gh]h f_oZgbafZ GZ^_`ghklv wlhc dZkk_lu kihkh[kl\h\ZeZ jhklm bg
l_j_kZ d kbkl_fZf j_a_j\bjh\Zgby gZ fZ]gblghc e_gl_ ohly _^bgh]h klZg^ZjlZ gZ kihkh[u
aZibkb^Zgguo_s_g_[ueh
Hlkmlkl\b_ klZg^Zjlh\ ijb\h^beh d lhfm qlh e_glu aZibkZggu_ gZ gZdhibl_eyo h^ghc
nbjfug_evay[ueh\hkijhba\h^blv gZ^jm]bomkljhckl\ZoKblmZpbymom^rZeZkv_s_bih
lhfmqlhijhba\h^bl_eb qmlvebg_\dZ`^hcgh\hcfh^_ebbkihevah\Zeb gh\u_kihkh[udh
^bjh\Zgby^ZgguobklZju_dZkk_lu[uehg_\hafh`gh ijhqblZlv\gh\uogZdhibl_eyo?keb
klZjucgZdhibl_ev\uoh^bebakljhyijboh^behkv `^ZlvihdZ_]hhlj_fhglbjmxl ?keb`_
hgehfZekyhdhgqZl_evgh lhaZibkZggu_^Zggu_l_jyebkv[_a\ha\jZlgh
Djhf_lh]hgm`gu[uebkh\f_klbfu_ gZdhibl_ebgZfZ]gblghce_gl_\dhlhjuofh`gh
[ueh[ukqblu\Zlv^Zggu_kdZkk_laZibkZgguogZmkljhckl\Zo^jm]bonbjf
Ñòàíäàðòû QIC
KlZg^ZjlbaZpby kbkl_f aZibkb ^Zgguo gZ e_glm ijb\_eZ d ihy\e_gbx dhhj^bgbjmxs_c
hj]ZgbaZpbb 4XDUWHU,QFK &DUWULGJH 'ULYH 6WDQGDUGV ,QF dhlhjmx qZs_ gZau\Zxl 4,&
4XDUWHU,QFK&RPPLWWHH² q_l\_jlv^xcfh\ucdhfbl_l < ±]h^Zo [ue \uims_g
i_j\uc khhl\_lkl\mxsbc klZg^Zjlm 4,&gZdhibl_ev gZ fZ]gblghc e_gl_² 4,& \ dhlh
jhffh`gh[uehkhojZgylv^hF[Zcl^ZgguoAZibkvijhba\h^beZkv gZ^_\ylb^hjh`dZo
ijbêbg_e_gluhdhehf<k\yabkkh\_jr_gkl\h\Zgb_f l_ogheh]bbZlZd`_\\b^mlh]h
qlhgZdhibl_ebêydZkk_l[hevrh]hnhjfZlZuu^xcfZkljm^hfjZaf_sZebkv \hlk_
dZo ij_^gZagZq_gguo êy ^bkdh\h^h\ nhjfZlZ ^xcfZ [ue jZajZ[hlZg _s_ h^bg klZg
^Zjl gZ fbgbdZkk_lu Bo jZaf_ju ihqlb lZdb_ `_ dZd jZaf_ju h[uqguo Zm^bhdZkk_l ²
uu^xcfZijb[ebabl_evgh uuf
< gZdhibl_eyo gZ fZ]gblghc e_gl_ jZ[hlZxsbo \ klZg^Zjl_ 4,& k_cqZk bkihevamxlky
dZkk_luh[hbolbih\Ih^\mo[md\_gghfm dh^mdhlhjufaZdZgqb\Z_lky h[hagZq_gb_ klZg^Zj
lZfh`ghhij_^_eblvlbidZkk_lu<hlwlbdhû
'&²klZg^Zjl4,&êydZkk_ljZaf_jhfuu^xcfZ
0&²klZg^Zjl4,&êyfbgbdZkk_ljZaf_jhfuu^xcfZ
GZijbf_j\klZg^Zjl_4,&%'&aZibkv\uihegy_lkygZiheghjZaf_jgmx dZkk_lm_fdh
klvx=[ZclZ\klZg^Zjl_4,&0&²gZfbgbdZkk_lm_fdhklvx=[Zcl
< lZ[e ijb\_^_gu kZfu_ jZkijhkljZg_ggu_ nhjfu fbgbdZkk_l \ klZg^Zjl_ 4,& b
boiZjZf_lju

Òàáëèöà 12.4. Ïàðàìåòðû ìèíè-êàññåò â QIC-ñòàíäàðòå (ïðèáëèçèòåëüíûå
ðàçìåðû 3 1/4K2 1/2K3/5 äþéìà)
Ñòàíäàðò Åìêîñòü Êîëè÷åñ- Ñêîðîñòü Ïëîòíîñòü Äëèíà Ñïîñîá Òèï èíòåðôåéñà
(èñõîäíàÿ / òâî ïåðåäà÷è çàïèñè, ëåíòû, ì** êîäè-
ïîñëå ñæàòèÿ äîðîæåê äàííûõ, áèò/äþéì ðîâàíèÿ
äàííûõ)* Ìáàéò/ìèí
QIC-40 40/60 Ìáàéò 20 28 63,5/95,3 MFM Èíòåðôåéñ

ãèáêèõ äèñ-
êîâ èëè äî-
ïîëíèòåëüíûé
àäàïòåð
QIC-80 80/120 Ìáàéò 28 39 63,5/95,3 MFM Èíòåðôåéñ
êîâ èëè äî-
ïîëíèòåëüíûé
àäàïòåð
QIC-100 20/40 Ìáàéò 12 èëè 24 10 000 MFM SCSI èëè QIC
(óñòàðåë)
QIC-128 86/128 Ìáàéò 32 16 000 MFM SCSI èëè QIC
QIC-3010 255 Ìáàéò 40 9 22 000 93 MFM Èíòåðôåéñ
êîâ èëè IDE
QIC-3020 500 Ìáàéò 40 9 42 000 124 MFM Èíòåðôåéñ
êîâ èëè IDE
QIC-3030 555 Ìáàéò 40 51 000 85,2 MFM SCSI-2 èëè
QIC
QIC-3040 840 Ìáàéò*** 42 èëè 52 41 000 124 RLL SCSI-2 èëè
QIC
QIC-3050 750 Ìáàéò 40 91,4 RLL SCSI-2 èëè
QIC
QIC-3060 875 Ìáàéò 38 91,4 RLL
(îòìåíåí)
QIC-3070 4 Ãáàéò 144 68 000 91,4 RLL SCSI-2 èëè
QIC
QIC-3080 1,6 Ãáàéò 50 60 000 RLL SCSI-2 èëè
QIC
QIC-3095 25 Ãáàéò 72 30-60**** 67 733 Ðàçëè÷íîå RLL IDE èëè SCSI
QIC-3110 2 Ãáàéò 48 RLL SCSI-2 èëè
QIC
QIC-3210 2,3/5,7 Ãáàéò 72 30 60 960 229,4 GCR SCSI èëè
Ìáàéò**** SCSI-2
QIC-5010 13 Ãáàéò 144 RLL SCSI-2 èëè
QIC
?fdhklvfh`_lbaf_gylvky\aZ\bkbfhklbhlêbgue_glu
>ebgZe_glujZaguoijhba\h^bl_e_cfh`_ljZaebqZlvky
=[ZclêydZkk_lke_glhc
Ijbf_gy_lkyk`Zlb_

<lZ[eijb\_^_gukZfu_jZkijhkljZg_ggu_ nhjfudZkk_l\klZg^Zjl_4,&bboiZ
jZf_lju
Òàáëèöà 12.5. Ïàðàìåòðû êàññåò â QIC-ñòàíäàðòå (ïðèáëèçèòåëüíûå
ðàçìåðû 4K6K5/8 äþéìà)
Ñòàíäàðò Åìêîñòü Êîëè- Ñêîðîñòü Ïëîòíîñòü Äëèíà Ñïîñîá Òèï èíòåðôåéñà
(èñõîäíàÿ / ÷åñòâî ïåðåäà÷è çàïèñè, ëåíòû, ì** êîäèðî-
ïîñëå ñæàòèÿ äîðîæåê äàííûõ, áèò/äþéì âàíèÿ
äàííûõ)* Ìáàéò/ìèí
QIC-11 45 Ìáàéò 9 139,5 MFM QIC-02

(DC-300)
QIC-24 45/60 Ìáàéò 9 8 000 139,5/186 MFM SCSI èëè
QIC-02
QIC-120 125 Ìáàéò 15 10 000 186 MFM SCSI èëè
QIC-02
QIC-150 150/250 18 10 000 186/310 MFM SCSI èëè
Ìáàéò QIC-2
QIC-525 320/525 26 12 16 000 310 MFM SCSI èëè
Ìáàéò SCSI-2
QIC- 1 Ãáàéò 30 18 36 000 235,6 MFM SCSI èëè
1000 SCSI-2
QIC- 1,35 Ãáàéò 30 18 51 000 235,6 RLL SCSI-2
1350
QIC- 2,1 Ãáàéò 30 18 68 000 271,2 RLL SCSI-2
2100
QIC-2GB 2,0 Ãáàéò 42 18 40 640 279 MFM SCSI-2
QIC-5GB 5 Ãáàéò 44 18 96 000 372 RLL SCSI-2
QIC- 13 Ãáàéò 144 18 68 000 RLL SCSI-2
5010
QIC- 25 Ãáàéò 144 120 101 600 372465 RLL SCSI èëè
5210 SCSI-2
?fdhklvfh`_lbaf_gylvky\aZ\bkbfhklbhlêbgue_glu
>ebgZe_glujZaguoijhba\h^bl_e_cfh`_ljZaebqZlvky
<hlebqb_hlijh]jZffh[gh\e_ggu_ \_jkbbdhlhjuogmf_jmxlky \ihjy^d_\hajZk
lZgby gZijbf_j beb ih ghf_jZf klZg^Zjlh\ 4,& g_evay hij_^_eblv
dZdhc ba gbo khhl\_lkl\m_l [he__ iha^g_c l_ogheh]bb GZijbf_j gZdhibl_eb gZ fZ]
gblghc e_gl_ 4,& b 4,& \uimkdZebkv aZ^he]h ^h mkljhckl\ 4,& b 4,&
;he__lh]hghf_jZklZg^Zjlh\ 4,&h[uqghgbdZdg_k\yaZguk_fdhklvxdZkk_lbebfb
gbdZkk_lbkihevam_fuo \khhl\_lkl\mxsbo gZdhibl_eyo GZijbf_j _fdhklve_gl4,&
khklZ\ey_l F[ZclZe_gl4,&²F[Zcl
FZ]gblguckehce_gl4,&h[uqghkha^Z_lkygZhkgh\_hdbkb`_e_aZZaZibkvgZwlbe_g
lu\uihegy_lkyihlhc`_l_ogheh]bbqlhbgZ`_kldb_^bkdbihf_lh^m0)0eb[h5//
Ñàìûå ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûå òèïû íàêîïèòåëåé QIC

K_]h^gy gZb[hevr__ jZkijhkljZg_gb_ ihemqbeb gZdhibl_eb 4,& b 4,& aZibkv \
dhlhjuo\uihegy_lkygZfbgbdZkk_luKms_kl\m_l g_kdhevdhijbqbgklhevrbjhdhc ihim
eyjghklbwlbogZdhibl_e_cH^gZbagboaZdexqZ_lky\lhfqlhwlh[uebi_j\u_ij_^klZ\b

l_ebgh\h]hihdhe_gbykjZ\gbl_evgh ^_r_\uogZdhibl_e_cgZfZ]gblghce_gl_ijbbkihev
ah\Zgbb dhlhjuo g_ \hagbdZeh ijh[e_f kh\f_klbfhklb k gZdhibl_eyfb lh]h `_ lbiZ ^Z`_
_kebhgb[ueb\uims_gu^jm]bfbnbjfZfbJ_a_j\gu_dhibbk^_eZggu_\ex[hfgZdhib
l_e_klZg^ZjlZ4,& beb4,& fh]eb[ulv\hkklZgh\e_gu gZ^jm]hfdhfivxl_j_kmkl
jhckl\hfkhhl\_lkl\mxs_]h lbiZ
Djhf_lh]hg_[hevrb_jZaf_jufbgbdZkk_liha\hebebgZeZ^blv\uimkdgZdhibl_e_cgZ
fZ]gblghc e_gl_ dhlhju_ fh`gh mklZgZ\eb\Zlv \ hlk_db êy ^bkdh\h^h\ dZd nhjfZlZ
^xcfZ lZd b nhjfZlZ ^xcfZ Ihemqbeb rbjhdh_ jZkijhkljZg_gb_ b ihjlZlb\gu_
Z\lhghfgu_\g_rgb_gZdhibl_ebgZe_glZonhjfZlh\4,&b4,&<hlebqb_hlklZpbh
gZjguofh^_e_cdhlhju_\klZ\eyxlky\hlk_dbkbkl_fguo[ehdh\dhfivxl_jh\ Z\lhghfgu_
mkljhckl\Zfh`ghih^dexqZlvdex[ufkbkl_fZf
Ij_`^_ q_f bkihevah\Zlv êy aZibkb fZ]gblgmx e_glm __ dZd b ^bkdb g_h[oh^bfh hl
nhjfZlbjh\Zlv H[sbcg_^hklZlhd\k_ogZdhibl_e_cgZfZ]gblghce_gl_\dexqZy4,&b
4,&khklhbl\lhfqlhnhjfZlbjh\Zgb_ hlgbfZ_lfgh]h\j_f_gbGZijbf_jêynhjfZ
lbjh\ZgbydZkk_lugZF[ZclklZg^ZjlZ4,&lj_[m_lkyhdhehihemlhjZqZkh\Zêye_g
lugZF[ZclklZg^ZjlZ4,&²[he__lj_oqZkh\Dhg_qghfh`ghijbh[j_klbm`_hl
nhjfZlbjh\Zggu_e_glughhgbklhyl^hjh`_
GZe_glu4,&b4,&^Zggu_aZibku\Zxlky ihf_lh^m0)0dhlhjucbkihevam_lky\
gZdhibl_eyo gZ ]b[dbo ^bkdZo dZd \ijhq_f b \ klZjuo fh^_eyo gZdhibl_e_c gZ `_kldbo
^bkdZo?s_h^gZh[sZyq_jlZaZdexqZ_lky\lhfqlhghkbl_evbf__lf_ldbêymihjy^hq_
gbyaZibk_c<gZdhibl_eyo4,&b4,&hgbih^h[gujZaf_ld_`_kldbob]b[dbo^bkdh\
<klZg^ZjlZo4,&nhjfbjm_lkylZ[ebpZjZaf_s_gbynZceh\)$7\g__aZghkylkyk\_^_
gbyhjZkiheh`_gbb ^ZgguogZe_gl_bk_dlhjZodhlhju_g_^he`gubkihevah\Zlvky êyaZ
ibkbbgnhjfZpbbE_glZ4,& jZa^_e_gZ gZ ^hjh`_d DZ`^Zy ba ^hjh`_d \ k\hx hq_
j_^vjZa[blZgZk_]f_glh\ihk_dlhjh\_fdhklvxD[ZclGZijbf_j\klZg^Zjl_4,&
jZaf_ldZbahguaZibkbdhgljhevguodh^h\g_h[oh^bfuo êyh[gZjm`_gby bbkijZ\e_gby
hrb[hdaZgbfZxl^hh[s_c_fdhklbe_glu
GZdhibl_eb 4,& b 4,& g_kfhljy gZ g_\ukhdh_ [ukljh^_ckl\b_ b mlhfbl_evguc
ijhp_kk nhjfZlbjh\Zgby e_glu aZ\h_\Zeb [hevrmx ihimeyjghklv [eZ]h^Zjy ijhklhl_ bk
ihevah\Zgby
Íîâûå íàêîïèòåëè áîëüøîé åìêîñòè QIC

IhiuldZkha^Zlvj_a_j\gmx dhibx^bkdZnZcek_j\_jZ_fdhklvxgZijbf_j =[Zcl
kihfhsvxgZdhibl_ey 4,&beb4,&fh`_l\ua\ZlvlZdh_`_jZa^jZ`_gb_ dZdaZ
f_gZ^bkd_lijbdhibjh\Zgbb kbkl_fghc iZidbhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu:LQGRZV[
JZ^bdZevghj_rblvijh[e_fmkhkf_ghcdZkk_lfh`gh\hkihevah\Z\rbkv gZdhibl_e_f gZ
fZ]gblghce_gl_[hevrhc_fdhklb4,&jZajZ[hlZeZêykbkl_fj_a_j\gh]hdhibjh\Zgbyg_
kdhevdhklZg^Zjlh\k_fdhklvxdZkk_luhlF[Zcl^h=[Zcl<wlbomkljhckl\Zoh[_ki_
qb\Z_lky ]hjZa^h [he__ \ukhdZy ih kjZ\g_gbx k 4,& [bl^xcf gZ ^hjh`dZo
iehlghklvaZibkbgZe_glmk\ur_[bl^xcfgZ^hjh`dZoQlh[u^h[blvkyklhev
\ukhdboihdZaZl_e_c[ueZjZajZ[hlZgZe_glZk[hevrhcdhwjpblb\ghc kbehc^hklb]Zxs_c
Wwjkl_^:gZeh]bqguc iZjZf_ljêye_gl4,&b4,&²WDjhf_lh]h[u
eZm\_ebq_gZêbgZe_glu\dZkk_l_GZijbf_jêbgZe_glu4,&²hdhehfZ4,&
b4,&²hdhehf
Çàìå÷àíèå
qÖÏÒÌÓÌÓÏÌ ÒÈÓÏØÓÔÔ ÒÈØÌÖÏÈÑÈ × ÉÔÑáÝÌÐ ²ÔâÖÛÏØÏÊÓÔÐ ×ÏÑÔÐ Ê ËÏ×²ÌØÈÚ ÌÒ²Ô×Øáã
nÉÈÐØÕÔÎÊÔÑÏÑÔÎÈÕÏ×àÊÈØáËÈÓÓàÌÓÈËÔÖÔÍ²ÈÚÖÈ×ÕÔÑÔÍÌÓÓàÚÉÔÑÌÌÕÑÔØÓÔÜÌÒÓÈ
ËÏ×²ÌØÈÚÌÒ²Ô×ØáãlÉÈÐØtÔÜÓÔØÈ²ÍÌÏ×ÕÔÑáÎÔÊÈÓÏÌÊà×Ô²Ô²ÔâÖÛÏØÏÊÓàÚÑÌÓØÕÔÎÊÔÑÇå
ÌØËÔÉÏØá×ÇÉÔÑáÝÌÐÕÑÔØÓÔ×ØÏÎÈÕÏ×ÏËÈÓÓàÚÊÓÈ²ÔÕÏØÌÑÇÚÓÈÒÈÓÏØÓÔÐÑÌÓØÌ

< gZdhibl_eyo gZ fZ]gblghc e_gl_ g_[hevrhc _fdhklb bkihevamxlky \ hkgh\ghf fbgb
dZkk_lu 4,& gZ F[Zcl b 4,& gZ F[Zcl Z \ mkljhckl\Zo \ukhdhc _fdhklb²
dZdfbgblZdbiheghjZaf_jgu_ dZkk_luGZijbf_j\klZg^Zjl_4,& dhlhjucij_îh
eZ]Z_l _fdhklv F[Zcl [_a k`Zlby ^Zgguo bkihevam_lky iheghjZaf_jguc dZjljb^`
uu^xcfZZ\klZg^Zjl_4,&²fbgbdZkk_luuu^xcfZ
Ñîâìåñòèìîñòü ëåíò â ñòàíäàðòàõ QIC

Ohly gZdhibl_eb jZkkqblZgu gZ klZg^Zjlgu_ iheghjZaf_jgu_ beb fbgbdZkk_lu g_ gZ^h
^mfZlv qlh e_glu \ dZkk_lZo h^gh]h lbiZ \k_]^Z kh\f_klbfu f_`^m kh[hc GZijbf_j e_glu
aZibkZggu_ \ klZg^Zjl_ 4,& g_ kh\f_klbfu k gZdhibl_eyfb 4,& b 4,& ohly \h
h[hbokemqZyobkihevamxlkyfbgbdZkk_luLhqghlZd`_e_glu4,& g_khhl\_lkl\mxl [h
e__jZggbfklZg^ZjlZf\dhlhjuobkihevamxlkyl_`_iheghjZaf_jgu_ dZkk_luK\yaZghwlhk
jZaebqbyfb\l_ogheh]bbba]hlh\e_gby\qZklghklb k bkihevah\Zgb_f \ ijhba\h^kl\_ ghkbl_
e_cihjhrdZk^jm]bfbfZ]gblgufbk\hckl\Zfb² \ukhdhcdhwjpblb\ghckbehc<lZ[e
ijb\_^_gZbgnhjfZpbyhkh\f_klbfhklb e_glaZibkZgguo\jZaebqguoklZg^ZjlZo4,&
Òàáëèöà 12.6. Ñîâìåñòèìîñòü ëåíò â ñòàíäàðòàõ QIC
Ìèíè-êàññåòû Ñîâìåñòèìîñòü
QIC-40
QIC-80 QIC-40 (òîëüêî ÷òåíèå)
QIC-3010 QIC-40 è QIC-80 (òîëüêî ÷òåíèå)
QIC-3020 QIC-40, QIC-80 è QIC-3010 (òîëüêî ÷òåíèå)
QIC-3040
QIC-3050
QIC-3080
Ïîëíîðàçìåðíûå êàññåòû Ñîâìåñòèìîñòü
QIC-24
QIC-2G QIC-120, QIC-150, QIC-525 è QIC-1000 (òîëüêî ÷òåíèå)
QIC-5G QIC-24, QIC-120, QIC-150, QIC-525 è QIC-1000 (òîëüêî ÷òåíèå)

Kh\f_klbfhklv \_kvfZ\Z`gucnZdlhjdhlhjucg_h[oh^bfh mqblu\Zlvijb\u[hj_kih
kh[Z j_a_j\bjh\Zgby gZ fZ]gblghc e_gl_ GZijbf_j ba lZ[e ke_^m_l qlh gZdhibl_ev
4,& _fdhklvx =[Zcl fh`_l kqblu\Zlv ^Zggu_ lhevdh kh k\hbo kh[kl\_gguo e_gl b
e_gl4,&?kebm\Zkfgh]he_gl4,&bgZgboojZgylky^Zggu_dhlhju_\Zfgm`gu
lh emqr_ dmibl_ gZdhibl_ev 4,& _fdhklvx =[Zcl \ dhlhjhf fh`gh kqblu\Zlv bg
nhjfZpbxke_gl4,&b4,&
Äðóãèå ñòàíäàðòû íà íàêîïèòåëè âûñîêîé

åìêîñòè
Ohly k_]h^gy mkljhckl\Z 4,& rbjhdh jZkijhkljZg_gu jZkl_l ihimeyjghklv _s_ ^\mo
kbkl_f dhibjh\Zgby gZ fZ]gblghc e_gl_ Hgb hkh[_ggh ohjhrb êy k_l_c b ^jm]bo kbkl_f
fZgbimebjmxsbo [hevrbfbh[t_fZfb^ZgguoJ_qvb^_lh[mkljhckl\Zo\dhlhjuobkihev
amxlky e_glu êy pbnjh\hc a\mdhaZibkb'$7 'LJLWDO $XGLR 7DSH² pbnjh\Zy Zm^bhe_glZ
rbjbghcffbfZ]gblgu_e_gluêy\b^_haZibkb\b^_he_glurbjbghcff
NbjfZ 6RQ\ dhlhjZy i_j\hc hk\hbeZ \uimkd '$7 b fbeebf_ljh\hc \b^_he_glu ijh
^ZeZebp_gabbgZijhba\h^kl\h kbkl_f'$7g_kdhevdbfdhfiZgbyf l_f kZfuf nZdlbq_kdb
\\_^yklZg^ZjlgZ\uimkdZ_fu_ bfbgZdhibl_ebbe_gluIhkdhevdml_ogheh]byaZibkbgZ
fbeebf_ljh\mx e_glm jZajZ[Zlu\ZeZkv kjZam g_kdhevdbfb nbjfZfb h^gh]h ijbagZggh]h
klZg^ZjlZ\wlhch[eZklbihdZ_s_g_lIhwlhfmihl_gpbZevguf ihdmiZl_eyf gZdhibl_e_cy
ihkh\_lh\Ze [u \u[jZlv mkljhckl\h jZ[hlZxs__ \ h^ghf ba klZg^Zjlh\ 4,& beb bkihev
amxs__'$7<lZ[eijb\_^_guhkgh\gu_iZjZf_ljugh\uoghkbl_e_c
Òàáëèöà 12.7. Ïàðàìåòðû DAT è âèäåîëåíò øèðèíîé 8 ìì
Ñòàíäàðò Åìêîñòü Ïëîòíîñòü Ïðèáëèçèòåëü- Äëèíà Ñïîñîá Ñèñòåìà Èíòåð-
ëåíòû (èñõîäíàÿ / çàïèñè, íîå êîëè÷åñòâî ëåíòû, ì çàïèñè êîäèðî- ôåéñ
ïîñëå ñæàòèÿ Ìáèò äîðîæåê âàíèÿ
äàííûõ), Ãáàéò
DAT 2/4 114 1 869 60/90 Íàêëîííî- DDS* SCSI

(ìåòàëëè- ñòðî÷íûé
÷åñêèé ðà- DataDAT
áî÷èé ñëîé,
øèðèíà
4 ìì)
Sony 14 120 Íàêëîííî-
(âèäåîëåíò ñòðî÷íûé
à øèðèíîé (íåñòàíäàð
8 ìì) òíûé)
''6'LJLWDO'DWD6WRUDJH²ojZg_gb_^Zgguo\pbnjh\hf\b^_

GZdehgghkljhqgZyaZibkv^Z\ghbkihevam_lky\\b^_hfZ]gblhnhgZo DZdbe_glZ\gZdh
ibl_eyo 4,& \b^_he_glZ beb '$7 ijhoh^bl q_j_a fZ]gblgu_ ]heh\db mklZgh\e_ggu_ gZ
\jZsZxs_fky [ZjZ[Zg_ [ehd_ ]heh\hd Hkv \jZs_gby [ZjZ[ZgZ gZdehg_gZ ih^ g_[hevrbf
m]ehf ih hlghr_gbx d gZijZ\e_gbx ^\b`_gby e_glu b ijb dZ`^hf ijhoh`^_gbb ]heh\db
\^hev e_glu gZ g_c aZibku\Z_lky beb \hkijhba\h^blky h^gZ gZdehggZy ^hjh`dZ E_glZ \h
\j_fy ^\b`_gby ho\Zlu\Z_l \jZsZxsbcky [ehd ]heh\hd ihwlhfm ijb dZ`^hf _]h h[hjhl_
aZibku\Z_lky g_kdhevdh ^hjh`_d wlh aZ\bkbl hl dhebq_kl\Z ]heh\hd \ [ehd_ Ijb lZdhf
kihkh[_aZibkbbkihevam_lkyijZdlbq_kdb\kyih\_joghklve_glu\hlebqb_hl^jm]bof_lh
^h\ijbdhlhjuo^hjh`dbhdZau\Zxlky jZa^_e_ggufbimklufbijhf_`mldZfb

Ñòàíäàðòû íàêîïèòåëåé íà DAT
KlZg^Zjl e_gl '$7 \i_j\u_ [ue jZajZ[hlZg b ij_^klZ\e_g gZ jugd_ nbjfhc +HZOHWW
3DFNDUG +3 dhlhjZy \ha]eZ\beZ ''6 0DQXIDFWXUHUV *URXS ]jmiiZ ijhba\h^bl_e_c
pbnjh\uomkljhckl\ojZg_gby^ZgguobklZeZbgbpbZlhjhfjZajZ[hldbklZg^Zjlh\''6
F_lhûaZibkbql_gbypbnjh\uo^ZgguogZ'$7ih^h[gubkihevam_fuf ijbaZibkbfm
audbgZa\mdh\u_dhfiZdl^bkdbbhlebqZxlkyhlf_lh^h\aZibkb0)0b5//ijbf_gy_fuo
\klZg^ZjlZo4,&;blZf^ZgguoihklmiZxsbf \gZdhibl_evklZ\ylky\khhl\_lkl\b_ qbkeh
\u_ agZq_gby AZl_f wlb agZq_gby ij_h[jZamxlky \ ihke_^h\Zl_evghklv bfimevkh\ dhlhjZy
aZibku\Z_lky gZ e_glm Ijb kqblu\Zgbb bgnhjfZpbb ijhbkoh^bl h[jZlgh_ ihke_^h\Zl_e v
ghklv \hkijhba\_^_gguo bfimevkh\ ij_h[jZam_lky \ qbkeh ih dhlhjhfm \hkklZgZ\eb\Zxlky
i_j\hgZqZevgu_ [blukihkh[gu_ojZgblvky\dhfivxl_j_
IjbaZibkbe_gl'$7bkihevam_lkygZdehgghkljhqgZyl_ogheh]by<h\j_fyaZibkbe_glZ
ijhoh^bl\^hev\jZsZxs_cky fZ]gblghc]heh\dbdhlhjZygZghkblgZg__bgnhjfZpbx \\b
^_gZdehgguofZ]gblguoihehkWlhiha\hey_lkh\f_klblv\ukhdmxiehlghklvklhqghklvxb
gZ^_`ghklvx
E_glu'$7fh]mlojZgblv=[Zclbkoh^guo^Zgguo=[Zclk`Zluo <gbobkihev
am_lky^\ZnhjfZlZaZibkb^Zgguo²''6b'DWD'$7ijbq_f''6[he__ihimeyj_gKms_
kl\m_lljblbiZnhjfZlh\''6
''6²=[Zclg_k`Zluo^Zgguo=[Zclk`Zluo
Gh\u_gZdhibl_ebjZ[hlZxsb_\nhjfZl_''6 h[_ki_qb\Zxl ihegmxkh\f_klbfhklv
ihql_gbxbaZibkbknhjfZlZfb''6b''6?fdhklvgZdhibl_e_c''6ihkjZ\g_gbx
k''6m\_ebqbeZkv\ljbjZaZZkdhjhklvi_j_^Zqb^Zgguo² \^\Z''6h[_ki_qb\Zxl
\ukhdmx ijhba\h^bl_evghklv b gZ^_`ghklv j_a_j\gh]h dhibjh\Zgby bgnhjfZpbb \ k_lyo
[hevrhc b kj_^g_c keh`ghklb aZljZlu ijb wlhf gb`_ q_f ijb bkihevah\Zgbb mkljhckl\
jZ[hlZxsbogZfbeebf_ljh\hc e_gl_bebe_gl_'/7'LJLWDO/LQHDU7DSH²ebg_cgZypbn
jh\Zye_glZkdZkk_lZfbZgZeh]bqghc_fdhklb
Gh\ucgZdhibl_evnbjfu+HZOHWW3DFNDUGfh^_ev&$jZ[hlZxsbc\nhjfZl_''6
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Íàêîïèòåëè íà âèäåîëåíòå øèðèíîé 8 ìì

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Ñòàíäàðò DLT
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dhklv kdhjhklv b gZ^_`ghklv j_a_j\gh]h dhibjh\Zgby ^Zgguo GZ k_]h^gyrgbc ^_gv '/7
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Êàññåòû Travan
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lby Bkihevamy kbkl_fm 3HQWLXP fh`gh aZj_a_j\bjh\Zlv `_kldbc ^bkd _fdhklvx =[Zcl
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Âûáîð íàêîïèòåëÿ íà ìàãíèòíîé ëåíòå

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hklZevguo

Ñòàíäàðòû ëåíò
Ke_^mxs__qlhgm`ghmq_klvijbihdmid_gZdhibl_ey²wlhklZg^Zjl\dhlhjhfhgjZ
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fbkbkl_fZfb
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Ñîâìåñòèìîñòü ïðîãðàììíîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ

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ihevam_fuf ijh]jZffguf h[_ki_q_gb_f < gZklhys__ \j_fy [hevrbgkl\h gZdhibl_e_c ih
klZ\ey_lky k ijh]jZffZfb êy :LQGRZVo H^gZdh gZclb ijh]jZffgh_ h[_ki_q_gb_ ih^
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^_ckl\m_lkdZ`^hcbakbkl_f\dhlhjhc\ugZf_j_\Z_l_kv _]hijbf_gylv
Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå
?keb [ukljh^_ckl\b_ bf__l êy \Zk [hevr__ agZq_gb_ q_f kh\f_klbfhklv b klhbfhklv
ijbh[j_lbl_gZdhibl_evgZ\b^_he_gl_ffbeb '/7gZdhibl_eb ?fdhklv lZdbo gZdhibl_
e_cbkdexqbl_evgh \_ebdZZ[ukljh^_ckl\b_ ^hklb]Z_lF[ZclkKdhjhklvh[f_gZ^Zggu
fbgZdhibl_e_c[hevrhc_fdhklb\gh\uoklZg^ZjlZo4,&g_ij_\urZ_lF[ZclfbgZgZ
dhibl_e_cgZ'$7²F[Zclfbg
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ljhee_jm]b[dbo^bkdh\hgbh[_ki_qb\Zxl kdhjhklvi_j_^Zqb^Zgguo\k_]h±F[ZclfbgZ
kh ki_pbZevghc bgl_jn_ckghc ieZlhc aZ dhlhjmx ijb^_lky aZieZlblv hl^_evgh² ^h
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deZkkZ²±F[Zclfbgghj_ZevghhgZg_ij_\urZ_l±F[Zclfbg
Öåíà íà íàêîïèòåëè è ëåíòû

<u[jZ\mkljhckl\hhij_^_e_ggh]h lbiZkh\k_ck_jv_aghklvx ih^hc^bl_d_]hihdmid_
Ohl_ehkv [u hlf_lblv ke_^mxs__ Klhbfhklv gZdhibl_ey b dZkk_l ih djZcg_c f_j_
^he`gZ[ulvkhihklZ\bfZ kl_fbfZl_jbZevgufb bfhjZevgufbaZljZlZfbdhlhju_h`b^Zxl

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fh`gh k m\_j_gghklvx kdZaZlv qlh ihdmidZ gZdhibl_ey gZ fZ]gblghc e_gl_ hijZ\^ZgZ b \
kemqZ_h^gh]h_^bgkl\_ggh]h dhfivxl_jZimklv^Z`_hgbkihevam_lky lhevdhêyb]j
Ïîðòàòèâíûå íàêîïèòåëè íà ìàãíèòíîé ëåíòå

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jhckl\Zhkh[_gghm^h[gu êy ihevah\Zl_e_c dhlhju_ jZ[hlZxl gZ ihjlZlb\guo dhfivxl_jZo
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;hevrbf ij_bfms_kl\hf ihjlZlb\guo gZdhibl_e_c y\ey_lky lh qlh hgb iheghklvx Z\
lhghfguHgbjZaf_sZxlky \aZdjuluoijyfhm]hevguo dhjimkZokihfhsvxdZ[_eyih^kh_
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Óñòàíîâêà íàêîïèòåëåé íà ìàãíèòíîé ëåíòå

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<ke_^mxs_fjZa^_e_hibkZgugZb[he__\Z`gu_wlZiumklZgh\db\gmlj_ggbob\g_rgbo
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Óñòàíîâêà âíóòðåííèõ íàêîïèòåëåé
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]^Z\gbomklZgZ\eb\Zxlky f_gvrb_jZat_fuZgZeh]bqgu_ l_fdhlhju_bkihevamxlky \^bk
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Âíåøíåå ïîäêëþ÷åíèå
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i_jbn_jbcguo mkljhckl\bgZdhibl_ey
Ïðîãðàììû äëÿ ðåçåðâíîãî êîïèðîâàíèÿ

äàííûõ íà ìàãíèòíîé ëåíòå
G_f_g__\Z`_g\hijhkhijh]jZffghf h[_ki_q_gbb D[hevrbgkl\m mkljhckl\ ijbeZ]Z
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mkljhckl\hfh[eZ^Zxl]hjZa^h[hevrbfb\hafh`ghklyfb GZijbf_jdg_dhlhjufgZdhibl_eyf
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'2681,;beb26ihgZ^h[ylky^hihegbl_evgu_ ijh]jZffuLh`_kZfh_hlghkblkybdj_
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ij_^gZagZq_gZ lhihgZ^h[blkykhhl\_lkl\mxsZy ^hihegbl_evgZy ijh]jZffZ
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kjZ\g_gbxkh[t_fhfdhlhjuchgbaZgbfZxlgZ^bkd_bkhhl\_lkl\_ggh kgbablvjZkohê_glu
IhqblZcl_klZlvbhijh]jZffZoj_a_j\bjh\Zgby ^Zgguoim[ebdm_fu_ \h fgh]bo dhfiv
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[hlu Djhf_ lh]h [hevrh_ agZq_gb_ bf__l ijhklhlZ wdkiemZlZpbb ijh]jZffu G_m^ZqgZy
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lhdZdwlhg_h[oh^bfh

Ïðîãðàììû, ïðèëàãàåìûå ê íàêîïèòåëÿì
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a_j\gh]hdhibjh\Zgby ?kebg_lijbh[j_lbl___hl^_evghH[uqghijh]jZffudhlhju_\oh
^yl \ dhfie_dl gZdhibl_ey ohjhrh \uihegyxl k\hb nmgdpbb _keb lhevdh \u g_ [m^_l_
ij_^ty\eylvdgbfkebrdhf[hevrb_lj_[h\Zgby
Ïðîãðàììû ñòîðîííèõ ðàçðàáîò÷èêîâ

Ijh]jZffuj_a_j\gh]hdhibjh\Zgby jZkkqblZggu_ gZjZagu_gZdhibl_ebbjZagu_kn_ju
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ijh]jZffZo ^jm]b_² gZ ijh]jZffZo êy '26 b :LQGRZV lj_lvb² gZ 81,; b li <uyk
gblvkh\f_klbfZebijh]jZffZkdhgdj_lghck_lvxbebhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fhcfh`gheb
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fhcjZajZ[hlqbdhf
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nbjfijhba\h^bl_e_c ij_^hklZ\eyxl fgh`_kl\h^hihegbl_evguo \hafh`ghkl_cbm^h[kl\
K\_^_gby h gh\uo ijh]jZffZo bo \hafh`ghklyo b p_gZo j_]meyjgh im[ebdmxlky \ dhf
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jZpby dhlhjuo ih^h[gZ dhgnb]mjZpbb \Zr_]h dhfivxl_jZ b h[eZ^Z_l gm`gufb \Zf \ha
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Óñòðàíåíèå íåèñïðàâíîñòåé íàêîïèòåëåé

íà ìàãíèòíîé ëåíòå
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g_ lZd dZd g_h[oh^bfh < wlhf jZa^_e_ j_qv ihc^_l h gZb[he__ h[sbo hrb[dZo dhlhju_
\hagbdZxlijbjZ[hl_kwlbfbgZdhibl_eyfb
Îïåðàöèÿ ðåçåðâíîãî êîïèðîâàíèÿ èëè âîññòàíîâëåíèÿ äàííûõ

çàâåðøèëàñü ñ îøèáêîé
?kebijb\uiheg_gbbhi_jZpbbj_a_j\gh]hdhibjh\Zgbybeb\hkklZgh\e_gby ^Zgguo\ha
gbdZxlhrb[db\uihegbl_jy^^_ckl\bc
1. Ijh\_jvl_lhleblbidZkk_lu\ubkihevam_l_
2. AZf_gbl_dZjljb^`
4. I_j_mklZgh\bl_ gZdhibl_ev
5. <klZ\vl_Z[khexlghgh\mxdZkk_lm
6. Ijhqbklbl_]heh\dbgZdhibl_ey
7. Ijh\_jvl_ijZ\bevghklv ih^dexq_gby \k_odZ[_e_c
Îøèáî÷íûå áëîêè èëè äðóãèå îøèáêè íîñèòåëÿ

>eyj_r_gbywlhcijh[e_fu\uihegbl_i_j_qbke_ggu_ ^_ckl\by
1. I_j_mklZgh\bl_ gZdhibl_ev

2. Ijhqbklbl_]heh\dbgZdhibl_ey
3. <klZ\vl_Z[khexlghgh\mxdZkk_lm
5. BgbpbZebabjmcl_ ghkbl_ev
6. <uihegbl_[_ahiZkgh_hqbs_gb_e_glu
G_aZ[m^vl_qlhi_j_^bkihevah\Zgb_f gh\mxdZkk_lmg_h[oh^bfhhlnhjfZlbjh\Zlv
Ïðè ðàáîòå ñ íàêîïèòåëåì íà ìàãíèòíîé ëåíòå êîìïüþòåð çàâèñàåò

>eyj_r_gbywlhcijh[e_fu\uihegbl_jy^^_ckl\bc
1. Ijh\_jvl_ m^h\e_l\hjy_l eb \ZrZ kbkl_fZ fbgbfZevguf lj_[h\Zgbyf mdZaZgguf \
^hdmf_glZpbb dgZdhibl_ex
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3. MklZgh\bl_ gZdhibl_ev &'520 i_j\bqguf Z gZdhibl_ev gZ fZ]gblghc e_gl_ \lh
jbqgufgZh^ghfdZgZe_,'(
4. Ijh\_jvl_iZjZf_lju%,26
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iheg_gbyhi_jZpbbj_a_j\gh]hdhibjh\Zgbybeb\hkklZgh\e_gby ^Zgguo
6. Ijh\_jvl_`_kldbc^bkdgZgZebqb_hrb[hd
7. AZimklbl_Zglb\bjmkgmx ijh]jZffm
8. Ijh\_jvl_g_aZ]jm`Zxlkyebg_gm`gu_^jZc\_jumkljhckl\gZijbf_j^jZc\_jugZ
dhibl_eygZfZ]gblghce_gl_dhlhjucbkihevah\Zeky^hwlh]h
9. <j_f_gghbkihevamcl_klZg^Zjlguc\b^_h^jZc\_j nbjfu0LFURVRIWbmklZgh\bl_jZa
j_r_gb_up\_lh\
10. G_dhlhju_ijh]jZffuj_a_j\gh]hdhibjh\Zgbyg_jZ[hlZxlijbaZiheg_gghc dhjabg_
\:LQGRZVo
11. IjbhklZgh\bl_ jZ[hlmZglb\bjmkguo ijh]jZffbhldexqbl_kbkl_fmZ\lhfZlbq_kdh]h
mijZ\e_gbyiblZgb_f
12. Ihijh[mcl_ih^dexqblvgZdhibl_evgZfZ]gblghce_gl_d^jm]hfmdhfivxl_jmk^jm
]hchi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fhc
Äðóãèå ïðîáëåìû íàêîïèòåëåé íà ìàãíèòíîé ëåíòå

Bgh]^Zijh[e_fukgZdhibl_eyfb gZfZ]gblghce_gl_\ua\Zguke_^mxsbfb hrb[dZfbb
g_bkijZ\ghklyfb
g_\_jghhij_^_e_gb^_glbnbdZpbhgguc ghf_j6&6,mkljhckl\Z
g_\_jgu_iZjZf_ljugZdhibl_e_c\%,26
ijh[e_fuk_lb
gZdhibl_evij_^gZagZq_g êy^jm]h]hlbiZe_gl

Ãëàâà 13
Óñòðîéñòâà
îïòè÷åñêîãî
õðàíåíèÿ äàííûõ
×òî òàêîå CD-ROM 564
Òèïû íàêîïèòåëåé CD-ROM 570
Ôîðìàòû êîìïàêò-äèñêîâ è íàêîïèòåëåé
íà êîìïàêò-äèñêàõ 580
Çàïèñûâàþùèå íàêîïèòåëè CD-ROM 588
Íàêîïèòåëè DVD 591
Ïðîãðàììíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå äëÿ íàêîïèòåëÿ CD-ROM 594
Çàãðóçêà ïðîãðàììíîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ 594
Ñîçäàíèå àâàðèéíîé äèñêåòû ñ ïîääåðæêîé
íàêîïèòåëÿ CD-ROM 596
Ñîçäàíèå çàãðóçî÷íîãî êîìïàêò-äèñêà 596
Óñòðàíåíèå ïðîáëåì, ñâÿçàííûõ ñ CD-ROM 597
×òî òàêîå CD-ROM
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ah\Zgb_²keh\hf\k_\hafh`gu_ \bûagZgbcfh]ml[ulvaZibkZgugZihdjulhfZexfbgb
_f ^xcfh\hf ieZklbdh\hf ^bkd_ gZau\Z_fhf &'520 &RPSDFW 'LVF 5HDG2QO\
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iha\heyxlaZibku\Zlv^Zggu_gZdhfiZdl^bkdZgh\Zyl_ogheh]by'9' iha\hey_l kms_kl
\_gghm\_ebqblv_fdhklvh[uqgh]hhilbq_kdh]h^bkdZ
< gZklhys__ \j_fy gZdhibl_ev &'520² g_hlt_fe_fZy qZklv ijZdlbq_kdb ex[h]h
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k_lb kms_kl\m_l \u^_e_gguc k_j\_j k `_kldbfb ^bkdZfb b gZdhibl_e_f &'520 ij_^hk
lZ\e_ggufb\kh\f_klgh_bkihevah\Zgb_ LZdhckihkh[[he__wdhghfbq_gghijbghkblfZkkm
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gZ dhlhjhf fh`_l ojZgblvky ^h F[Zcl ^Zgguo qlh khhl\_lkl\m_l ijbf_jgh luk
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^h[_g h[uqguf a\mdh\uf dhfiZdl^bkdZf b _]h fh`gh ^Z`_ ihiulZlvky \hkijhba\_klb gZ
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^Zgguf ojZgysbfky gZ &'520 hkms_kl\ey_lky [uklj__ q_f d ^Zgguf aZibkZgguf gZ
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bf_gh\ZgbckZfuojZaghh[jZaguo l_fZlbq_kdbo ^bkdh\²hlklZlbklbq_kdbo ^Zgguoihfb
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564 Óñòðîéñòâà îïòè÷åñêîãî õðàíåíèÿ äàííûõ

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Òåõíîëîãèÿ çàïèñè êîìïàêò-äèñêîâ

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ghqlhwlbmkljhckl\ZjZ[hlZxlihh^ghfmijbgpbim
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ghkbl_e_fbgnhjfZpbb
Çàìå÷àíèå
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Òèðàæèðîâàíèå êîìïàêò-äèñêîâ
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1. Ñ ìàñòåð-äèñêà îïèñàííûì âûøå ñïîñîáîì ñíèìàåòñÿ ïåðâè÷íàÿ ìàòðèöà.
2. Ñ ïîìîùüþ ýòîé ìàòðèöû èçãîòàâëèâàåòñÿ êîïèÿ ìàñòåð-äèñêà èç áîëåå ïðî÷íîãî ìå-
òàëëà.
3. Êîïèþ ìàñòåð-äèñêà ìîæíî ìíîãîêðàòíî èñïîëüçîâàòü äëÿ èçãîòîâëåíèÿ âòîðè÷íûõ
(ðàáî÷èõ) ìàòðèö.
qÖÏ ØÈ²ÔÒ ×ÕÔ×ÔÉÌ ÒÔÍÓÔ ÏÎÔØÔÊÏØá ÒÓÔÍÌ×ØÊÔ ÖÈÉÔÜÏÚ ÒÈØÖÏÛ × ÔËÓÔÐ ²ÔÕÏÏ ÒÈ×ØÌÖå
ËÏ×²È ÕÖÏÜÌÒ ÌÔ ÔÖÏÏÓÈÑ ÕÖÈ²ØÏÜÌ×²Ï ÓÌÕÖÏ²Ô×ÓÔÊÌÓÌÓ È Ê ØÌÚÓÔÑÔÏÜÌ×²ÔÒ ÕÖÔÛÌ××Ì
Ï×ÕÔÑáÎ¿ãØ×Ç ÔØÓÔ×ÏØÌÑáÓÔ ÓÌËÔÖÔÏÌ ÒÈØÌÖÏÈÑà qÔ×Ø¿ÕÈãÞÏÌ Ê ÕÖÔËÈÍ¿ ²ÔÒÕÈ²ØåËÏ×²Ï
ÔØÝØÈÒÕÔÊÈÓàÓÈÕÔÑÏ²ÈÖÉÔÓÈØÓÔÐÔ×ÓÔÊÌÕÔ²ÖàØÔÐÈÑãÒÏÓÏÌÒÏÎÈÞÏØÓàÒ×ÑÔÌÒÕÑÈ×ØÏå
²È tÔÓ²ÔÌ ÈÑãÒÏÓÏÌÊÔÌ ÕÔ²ÖàØÏÌ ÕÔÊØÔÖÇÌØ ÕÖÔÙÏÑá ÕÔÊÌÖÚÓÔ×ØÏ Ô×ÓÔÊà ÜØÔ ÕÔÎÊÔÑÇÌØ ÕÔ
ÔØÖÈÍÌÓÏãÑÈÎÌÖÓÔÔÑ¿ÜÈÔØÕÔÊÌÖÚÓÔ×ØÏÔÕÖÌËÌÑÏØáÌ×ØáÑÏÓÈÓÌÐ¿Ñ¿ÉÑÌÓÏÌ
pÕÏ×ÈÓÓÈÇ ØÌÚÓÔÑÔÏÇ Ï×ÕÔÑáÎ¿ÌØ×Ç ÕÖÏ ÕÖÔÏÎÊÔË×ØÊÌ ²È² ÎÊ¿²ÔÊàÚ ²ÔÒÕÈ²ØåËÏ×²ÔÊ ØÈ² Ï
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Òàáëèöà 13.1. Ñðàâíèòåëüíàÿ õàðàêòåðèñòèêà òåõíîëîãèé CLV è CAV
CLV CAV
Ñêîðîñòü âðàùåíèÿ Ðàçëè÷íàÿ, â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ïîëîæå- Ïîñòîÿííàÿ

äèñêà íèÿ äàííûõ íà äèñêå (áûñòðåå íà âíóò-
ðåííèõ äîðîæêàõ, ìåäëåííåå íà âíåø-
íèõ äîðîæêàõ)
Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è Ïîñòîÿííàÿ Ðàçëè÷íàÿ, â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ïîëî-
äàííûõ æåíèÿ äàííûõ íà äèñêå (áûñòðåå íà
âíóòðåííèõ äîðîæêàõ, ìåäëåííåå
íà âíåøíèõ äîðîæêàõ)
Óðîâåíü øóìà Âûñîêèé Íèçêèé
Öåíà Âûñîêàÿ Íèçêàÿ
Äîñòóïíîñòü Ïðàêòè÷åñêè íå ðàñïðîñòðàíåíû Ðàñïðîñòðàíåíû ïîâñåìåñòíî

<gZklhys__\j_fyemqr_\k_]hijbh[j_lZlvgZdhibl_ebdhlhju_jZ[hlZxlihl_ogheh
]bb7UXH;WlbgZdhibl_ebg_h[eZ^ZxlhibkZggufbh]jZgbq_gbyfb bbf_xl[he__\ukhdmx
< dZ`^hf [ehd_ ^bkdZ aZibkZggh]h \ nhjfZl_ &''$ a\mdh\hc dhfiZdl^bkd kh^_j
`blky[ZclBagbogZ^bkd_&'520bkihevam_lky[ZclêykbgojhgbaZpbb b^_g
lbnbdZpbbbdh^h\dhjj_dpbbhrb[hdZhklZ\rb_ky²êyojZg_gbyihe_aghcbgnhj
fZpbbIhkdhevdmaZk_dmg^mkqblu\Z_lky [ehdh\ klZg^ZjlgZy kdhjhklv kqblu\Zgby ^Zg
guok^bkdh\&'520²[ZclkbebD[Zclk
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qlhfZdkbfZevgZy _fdhklv^bkdZ&'520khklZ\ey_l[ZclhdhehF[Zcl
Òåõíîëîãèÿ TrueX/MultiBeam
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dhibl_ey &'520 h^ghkdhjhklgh]h g_ ^he`gh [ulv j_rZxsbf ijb \u[hj_ hilbq_kdh]h
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ghc êy gbo kdhjhklb gZ \g_rgbo ^hjh`dZo Ijb [hevrbo kdhjhklyo gZqbgZ_l kdZau\Zlvky
\b[jZpbbdhfiZdl^bkdZ
J_r_gb_wlhcijh[e_fuZke_^h\Zl_evgh bm\_ebq_gb_kdhjhklbi_j_^Zqb^ZgguohdZaZ
ehkv ^h\hevgh ijhkluf ihq_fm [u \ f_oZgbaf_ &'520 beb '9' g_ kqblu\Zlv h^gh\j_
f_gghg_kdhevdh^hjh`_d" Wlhf_lh^gZa\Zgguc7UXH;0XOWL%HDP [ue jZajZ[hlZg nbjfhc
=HQ5HVHDUFKbebp_gabjh\Zg ijhba\h^bl_eyfb hilbq_kdbogZdhibl_e_c
Ijhp_^mjZ kqblu\Zgby \ hilbq_kdbo gZdhibl_eyo jZ[hlZxsbo ih gh\hc l_ogheh]bb
7UXH;0XOWL%HDP hlebqZ_lky hl h[uqguo gZdhibl_e_c &$9 < gZdhibl_eyo &$9 kdhjhklv
i_j_^Zqb^Zgguom\_ebqb\Z_lky ijbm\_ebq_gbbkdhjhklb\jZs_gby^bkdZ:\gZdhibl_eyo
7UXH;0XOWL%HDPkdhjhklv\jZs_gby^bkdZhlghkbl_evgh ihklhyggZghkqblu\Zxsbc eZa_j
gucemqjZks_iey_lky gZk_fvemq_cqlhiha\hey_lh^gh\j_f_ggh kqblu\ZlvbgnhjfZpbx k
k_fb^hjh`_dZg_kh^ghcdZd\gZdhibl_eyo&$9GZjbkihdZaZgZko_fZjZ[hlugZ
dhibl_ey7UXH;0XOWL%HDP
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gbyijb\h^bld_^bghckdhjhklbi_j_^Zqb^Zgguoih\k_cih\_joghklb^bkdZIhwlhfmgZdh
ibl_eb 7UXH;0XOWL%HDP kh kdhjhklvx i_j_^Zqb o beb o h[_ki_qb\Zxl wlm kdhjhklv gZ
\k_cih\_joghklb^bkdZZg_lhevdhgZ\gmlj_ggbo^hjh`dZo<lZ[eijb\_^_guiZjZ
f_ljugZdhibl_e_c7UXH;0XOWL%HDPb3&$9
Òàáëèöà 13.2. Ïàðàìåòðû íàêîïèòåëåé TrueX/MultiBeam è P-CAV
Íàêîïèòåëü Îáúÿâëåííàÿ Ñðåäíÿÿ ñêîðîñòü Òåõíîëîãèÿ Çàãðóçêà Ñðåäíåå âðåìÿ
ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ ïðîöåññîðà äîñòóïà, ìñ
äàííûõ
Acer CD-640A 40x 2427x P-CAV 8% (â öåíòðå 75

êîìïàêò-äèñêà)
è áîëåå 82%
(âíåøíèå äî-
ðîæêè)
Kenwood 40x 40x 4247x TrueX 18% (ïî âñåé 80
ïîâåðõíîñòè
êîìïàêò-äèñêà)

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Òèïû íàêîïèòåëåé CD-ROM

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klZ\e_gb_h_]hiZjZf_ljZo
Ïàðàìåòðû íàêîïèòåëåé CD-ROM

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ghf ijhba\h^bl_evghklv mkljhckl\Z GZijbf_j _keb \Zf ij_êZ]Zxl kihjlb\guc Z\lhfh
[bev\j_fyjZa]hgZdhlhjh]h^hdfqjZ\ghkagZqblfZrbgZ²lhqlhgZ^h>eyhi
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^ZggufgZebqb_\gmlj_ggbo[mn_jh\bbo_fdhklvZlZd`_lbibkihevam_fh]h bgl_jn_ckZ
Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ

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guo y\ey_lky dhebq_kl\h i_j_^Zgguo dbeh[Zclh\ \ kh\j_f_gguo fh^_eyo f_]Z[Zclh\ ^Zg
guo \ k_dmg^m D[Zclk GZijbf_j _keb mdZaZgh qlh kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo jZ\gZ
D[ZclkagZqbl^ZggucgZdhibl_ev[m^_lkqblu\ZlvkdhfiZdl^bkdZD[Zcl^Zgguo
aZk_dmg^mijbmklZgh\b\r_fky j_`bf_AZf_lbfqlhj_qvb^_lhg_ij_ju\ghf kqblu\Zgbb
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[ehdh\ ^Zgguo ih ihe_aguo [Zclh\ Kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo ijb wlhf ^he`gZ
[ulv jZ\gZ D[Zclk Wlh klZg^ZjlgZy kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo êy mkljhckl\ &''$
dhlhju_lZd`_gZau\Zxlkyh^ghkdhjhklgufbWlhll_jfbghagZqZ_lqlhaZibkvgZdhfiZdl

^bkdb hkms_kl\ey_lky \ nhjfZl_ k ihklhygghc ebg_cghc kdhjhklvx &/9 ijb wlhf kdh
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nhjfZpby fh`_l kqblu\Zlvky k jZagufb kdhjhklyfb djZlgufb kdhjhklb dhlhjZy ijbgylZ
êyh^ghkdhjhklguo gZdhibl_e_clZ[e
Òàáëèöà 13.3. Ñêîðîñòè ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ â íàêîïèòåëÿõ CD-ROM
Òèï íàêîïèòåëÿ Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ, áàéò/ñ Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ,
Êáàéò/ñ
Îäíîñêîðîñòíîé (1x) 153 600 150

Äâóõñêîðîñòíîé (2x) 307 200 300
Òðåõñêîðîñòíîé (3x) 460 800 450
×åòûðåõñêîðîñòíîé (4x) 614 400 600
Øåñòèñêîðîñòíîé (6x) 921 600 900
Âîñüìèñêîðîñòíîé (8x) 1 228 800 1 200
Äåñÿòèñêîðîñòíîé (10x) 1 536 000 1 500
Äâåíàäöàòèñêîðîñòíîé (12x) 1 843 200 1 800
Øåñòíàäöàòèñêîðîñòíîé (16x) 2 457 600 2 400
Âîñåìíàäöàòèñêîðîñòíîé (18x) 2 764 800 2 700
Äâàäöàòè÷åòûðåõñêîðîñòíîé (24x) 3 686 400 3 600
Òðèäöàòèäâóõñêîðîñòíîé (32x) 4 915 200 4 800
Òðèäöàòèøåñòèñêîðîñòíîé (36x) 5 529 600 5 400
Ñîðîêàñêîðîñòíîé (40x) 6 144 000 6 000
Ñîðîêàâîñüìèñêîðîñòíîé (48x) 7 372 800 7 200
Ïÿòèäåñÿòèäâóõñêîðîñòíîé (52x) 7 987 200 7 500
Ñòîñêîðîñòíîé (100õ) 15 360 000 15 000
CAV (12x24x) 1 843 2003 686 400 1 8003 600
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\k_gh\u_kbkl_fuhkgZsZxlkygZdhibl_eyfb[b[
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gbfZevgZydhgnb]mjZpby êy^hklZlhqghijb_fe_fh]h \hkijhba\_^_gby Ihevah\Zl_eyf ih
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dhibl_ev o ihkdhevdm [he__ [ukljuc mkdhjbl bgklZeeypbx hi_jZpbhgguo kbkl_f :LQ
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kldbf^bkdZfkdhjhklvi_j_^Zqb^Zgguodhlhjuo^hklb]Z_lF[Zclkb\ur_WlhhagZqZ

_l qlh \hafh`ghkl_c bgl_jn_ckh\ 6&6, b $7$,'( \iheg_ ^hklZlhqgh êy ih^dexq_gby d
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<j_fy^hklmiZd^ZggufêygZdhibl_e_c&'520hij_^_ey_lky lZd`_dZdbêy`_kl
dbo ^bkdh\ Hgh jZ\gy_lky aZ^_j`d_ f_`^m ihemq_gb_f dhfZgû b fhf_glhf kqblu\Zgby
i_j\h]h [blZ ^Zgguo <j_fy ^hklmiZ baf_jy_lky \ fbeebk_dmg^Zo b _]h klZg^Zjlgh_ iZk
ihjlgh_agZq_gb_êygZdhibl_e_c[ijb[ebabl_evgh jZ\ghfkIjbwlhfbf__lky\\b^m
kj_^g__\j_fy^hklmiZihkdhevdmj_Zevgh_ \j_fy ^hklmiZ aZ\bkbl hl jZkiheh`_gby ^Zgguo
gZ ^bkd_ Hq_\b^gh qlh ijb jZ[hl_ gZ \gmlj_ggbo ^hjh`dZo ^bkdZ \j_fy ^hklmiZ [m^_l
f_gvr_q_fijbkqblu\ZgbbbgnhjfZpbbk\g_rgbo^hjh`_dIhwlhfm\iZkihjlZogZgZdh
ibl_ebijb\h^blkykj_^g__\j_fy^hklmiZhij_^_ey_fh_ dZdkj_^g__agZq_gb_ijb\uiheg_
gbbg_kdhevdbokemqZcguokqblu\Zgbc^Zgguok^bkdZ
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ghgZoh^blvbkqblu\Zlv[ukljh<j_fy ^hklmiZ d ^Zgguf gZ &'520 ihklhyggh khdjZsZ_lky
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±fkêy&'520bfkêy`_kldbo ^bkdh\ Klhev kms_kl\_ggZy jZagbpZ h[tykgy_lky
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b^bZiZahgbof_oZgbq_kdh]h i_j_f_s_gbyf_gvr_GZdhibl_eb&'520bkihevamxlh^bgeZa_j
gucemqdhlhjuci_j_f_sZ_lky\^hev\k_]h^bkdZDlhfm`_^Zggu_gZdhfiZdl^bkd_aZibkZgu
\^hevkibjZebbihke_i_j_f_s_gbykqblu\Zxs_c]heh\dbêyql_gby^Zgghc^hjh`dbg_h[oh^b
fh_s_`^Zlvdh]^ZeZa_jgucemqihiZ^_lgZmqZklhdkgm`gufb^ZggufbIjbql_gbb\g_rgbo
^hjh`_d\j_fy^hklmiZ[hevr_g_`_ebijbql_gbb\gmlj_ggbo^hjh`_d
<j_fy^hklmiZd^Zgguf\kh\j_f_gguo gZdhibl_eyo&'520kms_kl\_ggh kgbabehkvih
kjZ\g_gbx k i_j\ufb h^ghkdhjhklgufb fh^_eyfb H[uqgh dh]^Z m\_ebqb\Z_lky kdhjhklv
i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo khhl\_lkl\_ggh mf_gvrZ_lky b \j_fy ^hklmiZ < lZ[e ijb\_^_gu
klZg^Zjlgu_ agZq_gbywlh]hiZjZf_ljZêygZdhibl_e_c&'520jZaebqguolbih\
Òàáëèöà 13.4. Ñòàíäàðòíîå âðåìÿ äîñòóïà ê äàííûì â íàêîïèòåëÿõ CD-ROM
Òèï íàêîïèòåëÿ Âðåìÿ äîñòóïà ê äàííûì, ìñ
Îäíîñêîðîñòíîé (1x) 400
Äâóõñêîðîñòíîé (2x) 300
Òðåõñêîðîñòíîé (3x) 200
×åòûðåõñêîðîñòíîé (4x) 150
Øåñòèñêîðîñòíîé (6x) 150
Âîñüìèñêîðîñòíîé (8x) 100
Äåñÿòèñêîðîñòíîé (10x) 100
Äâåíàäöàòèñêîðîñòíîé (12x) 100
Øåñòíàäöàòèñêîðîñòíîé (16x) 90
Âîñåìíàäöàòèñêîðîñòíîé (18õ) 90
Äâàäöàòè÷åòûðåõñêîðîñòíîé (24õ) 90
Òðèäöàòèäâóõñêîðîñòíîé (32õ) 85
Ñîðîêàñêîðîñòíîé (40õ) 75
Ñîðîêàâîñüìèñêîðîñòíîé (48õ) 75
CAV (12/24x) 15090

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lbibgl_jn_ckZ
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Íàêîïèòåëü Òèï Ìèíèìàëüíàÿ çàãðóçêà ïðîöåññîðà Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ çàãðóçêà ïðîöåññîðà
Acer 40x P-CAV 8% íà âíóòðåííèõ äîðîæêàõ 82% íà ñêîðîñòè 40õ

Kenwood 40x TrueX 18% ïîñòîÿííî
DZd\b^bl_gZdhibl_ev7UXH;0XOWL%HDPaZ]jm`Z_lijhp_kkhjgZijbfZdkbfZevghc
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khf6&6,\k_]hebrvgZ

Ïðÿìîé äîñòóï ê ïàìÿòè
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iZfylv fbgmy ijhp_kkhj Ijb bkihevah\Zgbb ih^h[guo dhgljhee_jh\ aZ]jmadZ ijhp_kkhjZ
gZdhibl_e_f &'520g_aZ\bkbfhhllbiZbgl_jn_ckZmf_gvrZ_lky^h ?keb\\Zr_c
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lh]jZff_ Ñèñòåìà System \ hdg_ Ïàíåëü óïðàâëåíèÿ Control Panel <h \deZ^d_
Óñòðîéñòâà Device Managers_edgbl_gZagZd_³´\hae_]jmiiumkljhckl\Êîíòðîë-
ëåðû æåñòêèõ äèñêîâ Hard Disk Controllers ?keb \ kibkd_ _klv mkljhckl\h %XV
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&'520 ^\Z`û s_edgbl_ gZ g_f \h \deZ^d_ Óñòðîéñòâà ^bZeh]h\h]h hdgZ Ñâîéñòâà:
Ñèñòåìà b \ ihy\b\r_fky hdg_ k\hckl\ ^Zggh]h mkljhckl\Z \h \deZ^d_ Íàñòðîéêà
6HWWLQJVmklZgh\bl_neZ`hdDMA
Çàìå÷àíèå
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ÒÌØÖà
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[hjh\fbdjhko_fdhlhju_ih^^_j`b\Zxl ijyfhc^hklmidiZfylb
Òàáëèöà 13.5. Íàáîðû ìèêðîñõåì è îïåðàöèîííûå ñèñòåìû,
ïîääåðæèâàþùèå ïðÿìîé äîñòóï ê ïàìÿòè
Ïðîèçâîäèòåëü Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì Ãäå èñêàòü äðàéâåð äëÿ îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìû
Intel 430FX Îäèí äðàéâåð äëÿ âñåõ íàáîðîâ ìèêðîñõåì.

430HX Äëÿ Windows 95 è Windows 95 OSR1 (95a) äðàéâåð ìîæíî
çàãðóçèòü ñ Web-óçëà ôèðìû Intel.
430VX
Â ïîñòàâêó Windows 95B, Windows 95C (OSR 2.x), Win-
440FX
dows 98 óæå âõîäèò íåîáõîäèìûé äðàéâåð
430TX
440LX
440BX

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Ïðîèçâîäèòåëü Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì Ãäå èñêàòü äðàéâåð äëÿ îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìû
440EX
440GX
440ZX
440ZX-66
450NX
VIA MVP3 Äëÿ Windows 95 (ëþáîé âåðñèè) è Windows NT 3.51 è âû-
øå íåîáõîäèìûé äðàéâåð ìîæíî íàéòè íà Web-óçëå ôèð-
VP3
ìû VIA. Äëÿ Windows 98 íåîáõîäèìûé äðàéâåð âõîäèò â
VP2 ïîñòàâêó
VPX
VP1
SIS 611 Íåîáõîäèìûå äðàéâåðû äîñòóïíû íà Web-óçëå ôèðìû SiS.
85c496 *(Äëÿ íàáîðîâ ìèêðîñõåì SiS 5511/5512/ 5513, 5571,
5581/5582, 5597/5598, 5591/5595, 600/5595)
5513, 5571,
5581/5582,
5591,
5597/5598,
5600 äðàéâåð IDE*
SiS530/5595 è
SiS620/5595
äðàéâåð IDE
ETEQ Ðàçëè÷íûå ìîäåëè Íåîáõîäèìóþ èíôîðìàöèþ ìîæíî íàéòè ïî àäðåñó
ñèñòåìíûõ ïëàò www.soys .com.tw
PCChips TXPRO Äîñòóïíû äëÿ çàãðóçêè äðàéâåðû äëÿ îïåðàöèîííûõ ñèñ-
òåì DOS, Windows 3.1, Windows 95 è Windows NT 4.
Äîñòóïíû äëÿ çàãðóçêè äðàéâåðû äëÿ îïåðàöèîííûõ ñèñ-
òåì DOS, Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows NT 3.51 è
4.0.
HXPRO Äîñòóïíû äëÿ çàãðóçêè äðàéâåðû äëÿ îïåðàöèîííûõ ñèñ-
òåì DOS, Windows 3.1, Windows 95, UNIX, OS/2,
Windows NT 3.5 èëè NetWare
VXPRO
Ali Íåîáõîäèìûå äðàéâåðû ðàñïðîñòðàíÿþò ïðîèçâîäèòåëè
ñèñòåìíûõ ïëàò íà áàçå ýòîãî íàáîðà ìèêðîñõåì
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iZjZee_evguc ihjl
ihjl86%
Èíòåðôåéñ SCSI/ASPI
Bgl_jn_ckhf 6&6, 6PDOO &RPSXWHU 6\VWHP ,QWHUIDFH² bgl_jn_ck fZeuo dhfivxl_jguo
kbkl_fgZau\Z_lkyki_pbZebabjh\ZggZy rbgZddhlhjhcfh`ghih^dexqZlvjZaebqgu_lbiu
i_jbn_jbcguo mkljhckl\GZk_]h^gyrgbc ^_gvkZfhcjZkijhkljZg_gghc \_jkb_cwlh]hklZg
^ZjlZ y\ey_lky 6&6, dhlhjuc ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc g_kdhevdh ^hdmf_glh\ hij_^_eyxsbo
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Òàáëèöà 13.6. Ôîðìàòû êîìïàêò-äèñêîâ
Ôîðìàò Ñôåðà èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ Çàìå÷àíèÿ
Red Book Öèôðîâûå àóäèîêîìïàêò-äèñêè Ýòîò ñòàíäàðò, èçâåñòíûé òàêæå êàê

CDDA (Compact Disk Digital Audio), áûë
ðàçðàáîòàí ôèðìàìè Sony è Philips
Yellow Book Êîìïüþòåðíûå êîìïàêò-äèñêè Îïðåäåëÿåò ôèçè÷åñêîå ðàñïîëîæåíèå
ñåêòîðîâ è ôàéëîâ, à òàêæå ñòðóêòóðó êà-
òàëîãîâ
White Book VideoCD Ïðåäíàçíà÷åí äëÿ õðàíåíèÿ âèäåîäàííûõ
â ôîðìàòàõ MPEG-1 è MPEG-2
Orange Book Çàïèñûâàåìûå êîìïàêò-äèñêè, ×àñòü 1. Ìàãíèòîîïòè÷åñêèå óñòðîéñòâà.
âêëþ÷àÿ CD-R, ìàãíèòîîïòè÷åñêèå ×àñòü 2. CD-R
äèñêè, îäíî- è ìíîãîñåññèîííîå
÷òåíèå è ïàêåòíàÿ çàïèñü
Green Book Êîìáèíàöèÿ Red Book è Yellow Book CD-ROM/XA ìîæíî âîñïðîèçâîäèòü íà
äëÿ ñîçäàíèÿ CD-I (èíòåðàêòèâíûõ ëþáîì íàêîïèòåëå CD-I èëè CD-ROM;
êîìïàêò-äèñêîâ) CD-I ÷àñòî èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ èíòåðàêòèâ-
íûõ ïðåçåíòàöèé
CD+ (Enhanced Êîìáèíàöèÿ ìóçûêè è äàííûõ íà îä- Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ ñîçäàíèÿ âèäåîèíòåð-
CD) íîì êîìïàêò-äèñêå âüþ íà ìóçûêàëüíîì êîìïàêò-äèñêå
Ôîðìàòû êîìïàêò-äèñêîâ è íàêîïèòåëåé íà êîìïàêò-äèñêàõ 581

Ñòàíäàðò ISO 9660
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Ôîðìàò High Sierra

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Çàïèñûâàþùèå íàêîïèòåëè CD-ROM 589

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Òàáëèöà 13.8. Ñðàâíèòåëüíûå ïàðàìåòðû ïëàòû äåêîäåðà MPEG

è ïðîèãðûâàòåëÿ MPEG, âñòðîåííîãî â âèäåîàäàïòåð
Ïàðàìåòðû Äåêîäåð MPEG Ïðîèãðûâàòåëü MPEG
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå ðàçúåìà PCI Îäèí äëÿ äåêîäåðà è îäèí äëÿ âè- Òîëüêî îäèí ðàçúåì
äåîàäàïòåðà (èëè ðàçúåì øèíû AGP)
Êà÷åñòâî âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ âèäåî Âûñîêîå Ðàçëè÷íîå
Ñêîðîñòü Âûñîêàÿ Ðàçëè÷íàÿ
Ñîâìåñòèìîñòü ñ èãðàìè MPEG Åñòü Íåò
Ñòàíäàðòû DVD
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Òàáëèöà 13.9. Ñòàíäàðòû DVD
Ñòàíäàðò Åìêîñòü Ñîâìåñòèìîñòü Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ
DVD-RAM 2,6 Ãáàéò íà îäíîé Íåñîâìåñòèìû ñ íàêîïèòå- Íåîáõîäèìà îïåðàöè-

ñòîðîíå ëÿìè DVD-ROM îííàÿ ñèñòåìà
Windows 95 OSR 2.x èëè
Windows 98
DVD-R 3,95 Ãáàéò Ïðàêòè÷åñêè âñå ïðîèãðû- Íîâûå ìîäåëè áóäóò
(îðèãèíàëüíûé äèñê) âàòåëè ìîãóò âîñïðîèçâî- ïîääåðæèâàòü DVD-RW
äèòü ýòè äèñêè
4,7 Ãáàéò (âåðñèÿ
1999 ãîäà)
DVD-RW 4,7 Ãáàéò Ïðàêòè÷åñêè âñå ïðîèãðû- Ïåðâûå óñòðîéñòâà
(îðèãèíàëüíîå íà- âàòåëè ñìîãóò âîñïðîèçâî- äîëæíû ïîÿâèòüñÿ â
çâàíèå DVD-R/W) äèòü ýòè äèñêè êîíöå 1999 ãîäà
DVD+RW 2,8 Ãáàéò íà îäíîé Íåêîòîðûå ìîäåëè íàêî- Ôèðìû HP, Philips è
ñòîðîíå ïèòåëåé DVD-ROM ôèðì Sony âûïóñòèëè òàêèå
Sony è Philips ìîãóò ðàáî- óñòðîéñòâà â ñåðåäèíå
òàòü ñ òàêèìè äèñêàìè 1999 ãîäà
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Çàìåíà ñóùåñòâóþùåãî äèñêà 612
Óñòàíîâêà íàêîïèòåëÿ CD-ROM 613
Ïðîöåäóðà óñòàíîâêè íàêîïèòåëÿ íà ãèáêèõ äèñêàõ 619
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Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ ñèñòåìû
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Àâòîìàòè÷åñêîå îïðåäåëåíèå òèïà íàêîïèòåëÿ

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dhlhju_fh]ml[ulv^hims_guijb\\h^_iZjZf_ljh\\jmqgmx
Ðó÷íîå îïðåäåëåíèå òèïà íàêîïèòåëÿ

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fh`ghgZclb\l_ogbq_kdhf hibkZgbb
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gh\d_\dhfivxl_jgh\h]hgZdhibl_ey
NhjfZlbjh\Zgb_ gZdhibl_eygZ`_kldhf^bkd_\uihegy_lky\ljbwlZiZ
1. NhjfZlbjh\Zgb_ gbadh]hmjh\gy
2. Eh]bq_kdh_jZa[b_gb_gZjZa^_eu
3. NhjfZlbjh\Zgb_ \ukhdh]hmjh\gy
Íèçêîóðîâíåâîå ôîðìàòèðîâàíèå
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ihl_j_^ZgguobqZklufhrb[dZfijbbokqblu\ZgbbbaZibkbDZdijZ\behgbadhmjh\g_\h_
nhjfZlbjh\Zgb_ m`_\uiheg_ghijhba\h^bl_e_f ^bkdZbih\lhjgh__]h\uiheg_gb_g_h[oh
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\Zlv ki_pbZevgu_ ijh]jZffu emqr_ \k_]h ijh]jZffu ijhba\h^bl_ey beb `_ ^jm]bo jZajZ
[hlqbdh\gZijbf_j'LVN0DQDJHUnbjfu2QWUDFNbeb0LFURVFRSHnbjfu0LFUR

Ijb\uiheg_gbbgZklhys_]hgbadhmjh\g_\h]h nhjfZlbjh\Zgby g_j_dhf_g^m_lky bkihev
ah\Zlvmgb\_jkZevgu_ ijh]jZffug_jZajmrZxs_]h nhjfZlbjh\Zgby jZ[hlZxsb_gZmjh\g_
%,26 gZijbf_j &DOLEUDWH b 6SLQ5LWH Wlb ijh]jZffu bf_xl g_dhlhju_ h]jZgbq_gby kgb
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\uihegyxl g_ihegh_ gbadhmjh\g_\h_ nhjfZlbjh\Zgb_ lZd dZd ^Z`_ g_ iulZxlky hlnhjfZ
lbjh\Zlvi_j\mx^hjh`dmpbebg^j]heh\dZWlhh]jZgbq_gb_ k\yaZghkl_fqlhg_dhlh
ju_lbiudhgljhee_jh\ aZibku\ZxlgZi_j\hc^hjh`d_kdjulmxkem`_[gmxbgnhjfZpbx
Djhf_lh]hhibkZggu_ijh]jZffu h[jZ[Zlu\Zxl ^_n_dlu g_ lZd dZd klZg^Zjlgu_ ijh
]jZffugbadhmjh\g_\h]h nhjfZlbjh\Zgby bfh]ml^Z`_m^Zeblvhlf_ldbh^_n_dlZo\aZ]h
eh\dZo k_dlhjh\ k^_eZggu_ \h \j_fy ijZ\bevgh]h gbadhmjh\g_\h]h nhjfZlbjh\Zgby < j_
amevlZl_ ^Zggu_ fh]ml [ulv aZibkZgu \ k_dlhjZo dhlhju_ k kZfh]h gZqZeZ [ueb hlf_q_gu
nbjfhcijhba\h^bl_e_f dZd^_n_dlgu_Z\eZ^_e_pgZdhibl_eyebrblkyijZ\ZgZ_]h]ZjZg
lbcgucj_fhgl?klv_s_h^gZijh[e_fZmdZaZggu_ijh]jZffufh]mljZ[hlZlvlhevdhkm`_
hlnhjfZlbjh\Zggufb gZdhibl_eyfb ijbq_flhevdhkl_fbbagbo\dhlhjuonhjfZlbjh\Z
gb_\uihegy_lkyq_j_a%,26
GZklhysZy ijh]jZffZ gbadhmjh\g_\h]h nhjfZlbjh\Zgby jZ[hlZ_l \ h[oh^ kbkl_fghc
%,26bhlkueZ_ldhfZgûg_ihkj_^kl\_ggh \j_]bkljudhgljhee_jZBf_gghihwlhfmfgh]b_
ijh]jZffugbadhmjh\g_\h]h nhjfZlbjh\Zgby hjb_glbjh\Zgu gZdhgdj_lgu_dhgljhee_ju B
ijZdlbq_kdbg_\hafh`gh kha^Zlvmgb\_jkZevgmx ijh]jZffmnhjfZlbjh\Zgby dhlhjZyfh]eZ
[ujZ[hlZlvkjZaebqgufblbiZfbdhgljhee_jh\ ;uehfgh]hkemqZ_\dh]^ZgZdhibl_ebijb
agZ\Zebkv^_n_dlgufbihlhfmqlhbkihevah\ZeZkv ijh]jZffZnhjfZlbjh\Zgby dhlhjZy\u
^Z\ZeZhrb[hqgucj_amevlZl
G_dhlhju_ijhba\h^bl_eb `_kldbo^bkdh\ij_êZ]Zxl ijh]jZffugbadhmjh\g_\h]h nhj
fZlbjh\Zgby Bofh`ghgZclbihke_^mxsbfZ^j_kZf
6HDJDWH²ftp://ftp.seagate.com/techsuppt/seagate_utils/sgatfmt4.zip
,%0²http://www.storage.ibm.com/techsup/hddtech/welcome.htm
4XDQWXP²http://support.quantum.com/menus/soft_menu.htm
:HVWHUQ'LJLWDO²http://www.wdc.com/service/ftp/wddiag.wd_diag.exe
0D[WRU²http://www.maxtor.com/library/ide.html
Ðàçáèåíèå æåñòêîãî äèñêà íà ðàçäåëû

JZa[b_gb_gZdhibl_ey²wlhhij_^_e_gb_ h[eZkl_c^bkdZdhlhju_hi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ
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IjbjZa[b_gbb^bkdZ\_]hi_j\uck_dlhjpbebg^j]heh\dZk_dlhjaZghkblky]eZ\gZy
aZ]jmahqgZyaZibkv0DVWHU%RRW5HFRUG²0%5<g_ckh^_j`Zlkyk\_^_gbyhlhfkdZdbopb
ebg^jh\]heh\hdbk_dlhjh\gZqbgZxlkybdZdbfbaZdZgqb\Zxlky bf_xsb_kygZ^bkd_jZa^_eu
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>ey jZa[b_gby gZdhibl_e_c gZ `_kldbo ^bkdZo g_h[oh^bfh bkihevah\Zlv ijh]jZffm
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ibku\Z_lkylZ[ebpZjZa[b_gbyqlhg_h[oh^bfh êyghjfZevghcjZ[hluijh]jZffu Format
I_j_^mklZgh\dhcex[hchi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fug_h[oh^bfh \uihegblvjZa[b_gb_^bkdZgZ
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Ïîääåðæêà äèñêîâ áîëüøîé åìêîñòè

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Íàçíà÷åíèå áóêâ äèñêàì

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lZ[eijb\_^_gZko_fZlZdh]hijbk\h_gby
Òàáëèöà 14.1. Ïðèñâîåíèå áóêâ ðàçäåëàì íà äâóõ äèñêàõ
Äèñê Ðàçäåë Ïîðÿäîê Ïåðâàÿ áóêâà äèñêà
1 Îñíîâíîé Ïåðâûé C:
1 Äîïîëíèòåëüíûé Òðåòèé E:
2 Îñíîâíîé Âòîðîé D:
2 Äîïîëíèòåëüíûé ×åòâåðòûé F:
Qlh `_ ijhbahc^_l k ijbk\h_gb_f [md\ ihke_ ^h[Z\e_gby \lhjh]h `_kldh]h ^bkdZ" Hk
gh\ghfm jZa^_em \lhjh]h `_kldh]h ^bkdZ [m^_l ijbk\h_gZ [md\Z i_j\h]h eh]bq_kdh]h ^bkdZ
^hihegbl_evgh]h jZa^_eZ i_j\h]h `_kldh]h ^bkdZ <k_ [md\u eh]bq_kdbo ^bkdh\ ^hihegb
l_evgh]hjZa^_eZi_j\h]h`_kldh]h^bkdZ[m^mlkf_s_gugZh^gm
< jZkkfZljb\Z_fhf ijbf_j_ ihke_ ^h[Z\e_gby `_kldh]h ^bkdZ jZa[blh]h ZgZeh]bqguf
h[jZahf[md\u^bkdh\[m^mlZgZeh]bqguijb\_^_gguf \lZ[e

Òàáëèöà 14.2. Íàçíà÷åíèå áóêâ äèñêàì ïîñëå äîáàâëåíèÿ âòîðîãî
æåñòêîãî äèñêà
Äèñê Ðàçäåë Ïîðÿäîê Îðèãèíàëüíîå íàçíà÷åíèå áóêâ Íîâîå íàçíà÷åíèå áóêâ
(òîëüêî îäèí æåñòêèé äèñê) äèñêàì ïîñëå äîáàâëåíèÿ
âòîðîãî æåñòêîãî äèñêà
1 Îñíîâíîé Ïåðâûé C: C:
1 Äîïîëíèòåëüíûé Òðåòèé D:, E: E:, F:
2 Îñíîâíîé Âòîðîé D:
2 Äîïîëíèòåëüíûé ×åòâåðòûé G:, H:
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Òàáëèöà 14.3. Íàçíà÷åíèå áóêâ äèñêàì ïîñëå äîáàâëåíèÿ âòîðîãî æåñòêîãî
äèñêà, â êîòîðîì ñîçäàí òîëüêî äîïîëíèòåëüíûé ðàçäåë
Äèñê Ðàçäåë Ïîðÿäîê Îðèãèíàëüíîå íàçíà÷åíèå áóêâ Íîâîå íàçíà÷åíèå áóêâ
(òîëüêî îäèí æåñòêèé äèñê) äèñêàì ïîñëå äîáàâëåíèÿ
âòîðîãî æåñòêîãî äèñêà
1 Îñíîâíîé Ïåðâûé C: C:
1 Äîïîëíèòåëüíûé Òðåòèé D:, E: D:, E:
2 Îñíîâíîé Âòîðîé
2 Äîïîëíèòåëüíûé ×åòâåðòûé F:
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Ïåðåíîñ äàííûõ íà íîâûé äèñê â MS DOS

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Ïðîöåäóðà óñòàíîâêè íàêîïèòåëÿ íà ãèáêèõ äèñêàõ 619


Ãëàâà 15
Âèäåîàäàïòåðû
è ìîíèòîðû
Òåõíîëîãèè îòîáðàæåíèÿ èíôîðìàöèè 622
Ìîíèòîðû ñ ýëåêòðîííî-ëó÷åâûìè òðóáêàìè 623
Æèäêîêðèñòàëëè÷åñêèå äèñïëåè 623
Ïëîñêîïàíåëüíûå æèäêîêðèñòàëëè÷åñêèå ìîíèòîðû 625
Êðèòåðèè âûáîðà ìîíèòîðà 626
Âèäåîàäàïòåðû 634
Âèäåîàäàïòåðû äëÿ ìóëüòèìåäèà 650
Óñêîðèòåëè òðåõìåðíîé ãðàôèêè (3-D Accelerator) 656
Ìîäåðíèçàöèÿ èëè óñòàíîâêà íîâîãî âèäåîàäàïòåðà 661
Íåèñïðàâíîñòè àäàïòåðîâ è ìîíèòîðîâ 664
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Òàáëèöà 15.2. Ðåæèìû DPMS
Ðåæèì Ñèãíàë Ñèãíàë Ýêðàí Ýíåðãîñáåðåæåíèå Âðåìÿ
ãîðèçîíòàëüíîé âåðòèêàëüíîé ïðîáóæäåíèÿ
ðàçâåðòêè ðàçâåðòêè
On Åñòü Åñòü Àêòèâíûé Îòñóòñòâóåò

Stand-By Íåò Åñòü Ïîãàñøèé Ìèíèìàëüíîå Áûñòðî
Suspend Åñòü Íåò Ïîãàñøèé Çíà÷èòåëüíîå Äîëãî
Off Íåò Íåò Ïîãàñøèé Ìàêñèìàëüíîå Çàâèñèò îò
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Ðàçðåøåíèå ×àñòîòà ðàçâåðòêè ïî ×àñòîòà ðàçâåðòêè ïî ×àñòîòà ðàçâåðòêè ïî
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(ìàêñèìóì), Ãö LG 790SC (ìàêñèìóì), Ãö
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Óñëîâèÿ ýêñïëóàòàöèè ìîíèòîðà

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Àäàïòåðû è ìîíèòîðû ñòàíäàðòà VGA
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Àäàïòåð VGA
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Òàáëèöà 15.4. Ðåæèìû îòîáðàæåíèÿ, ïðåäóñìîòðåííûå ñòàíäàðòîì VGA
Ðàçðåøåíèå, Êîëè÷å Ðåæèì âûâîäà Êîä Ôîðìàò Ôîðìàò ×àñòîòà ×àñòîòà
ïèêñåëè ñòâî ðåæèìà â îòîáðà- ìàòðèöû êàäðîâ, Ãö ñòðîê,
öâåòîâ BIOS æåíèÿ ñèìâîëà, êÃö
òåêñòà íà ïèêñåëè
ýêðàíå,
ñòðîêK
ñòîëáöîâ
360u400 16 Òåêñòîâûé 00/01h 40u25 9u16 70 31,5

720u400 16 Òåêñòîâûé 02/03h 80u25 9u16 70 31,5
320u200 4 Ãðàôè÷åñêèé 04/05h 40u25 8u8 70 31,5
640u200 2 Ãðàôè÷åñêèé 06h 80u25 8u8 70 31,5
720u400 16 Òåêñòîâûé 07h 80u25 9u16 70 31,5
320u200 16 Ãðàôè÷åñêèé 0Dh 40u25 8u8 70 31,5

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Ðàçðåøåíèå, Êîëè÷å Ðåæèì âûâîäà Êîä Ôîðìàò Ôîðìàò ×àñòîòà ×àñòîòà
ïèêñåëè ñòâî ðåæèìà â îòîáðà- ìàòðèöû êàäðîâ, Ãö ñòðîê,
öâåòîâ BIOS æåíèÿ ñèìâîëà, êÃö
òåêñòà íà ïèêñåëè
ýêðàíå,
ñòðîêK
ñòîëáöîâ
640u200 16 Ãðàôè÷åñêèé 0Eh 80u25 8u8 70 31,5

640u350 4 Ãðàôè÷åñêèé 0Fh 80u25 8u14 70 31,5
640u350 16 Ãðàôè÷åñêèé 10h 80u25 8u14 70 31,5
640u480 2 Ãðàôè÷åñêèé 11h 80u30 8u16 60 31,5
640u480 16 Ãðàôè÷åñêèé 12h 80u30 8u16 60 31,5
320u200 256 Ãðàôè÷åñêèé 13h 40u25 8u8 70 31,5
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ih^ mijZ\e_gb_f hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu :LQGRZV ?keb ijb aZ]jmad_ kbkl_fu \hagbdZxl
ijh[e_fu lh hgZ aZ]jm`Z_lky \ lZd gZau\Z_fhf [_ahiZkghf j_`bf_ ]^_ ih mfheqZgbx bk
ihevam_lkyZ^Zil_j9*$\j_`bf_up\_lh\
Ñòàíäàðòû XGA è XGA-2

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Çàìå÷àíèå
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Òàáëèöà 15.5. Íàçíà÷åíèå êîíòàêòîâ ñòàíäàðòíîãî 15-êîíòàêòíîãî
ðàçúåìà VGA
Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë Íàïðàâëåíèå ïåðåäà÷è
1 Êðàñíûé Âûõîä
2 Çåëåíûé Âûõîä
3 Ñèíèé Âûõîä
4 Ìîíèòîð ID 2 Âõîä
5 Ëîãè÷åñêèé íóëü (ñàìîòåñòèðîâàíèå ìîíèòîðà)
6 Îáùèé äëÿ êðàñíîãî àíàëîãîâîãî
7 Îáùèé äëÿ çåëåíîãî àíàëîãîâîãî
8 Îáùèé äëÿ ñèíåãî àíàëîãîâîãî
9 Êëþ÷ (êîíòàêò ïðîïóùåí)
10 Îáùèé äëÿ ñèíõðîíèçàöèè
13 Ñèíõðîíèçàöèÿ ñòðîê Âûõîä
14 Ñèíõðîíèçàöèÿ êàäðîâ Âûõîä
Ñòàíäàðòû SVGA àññîöèàöèè VESA

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Òàáëèöà 15.6. Âèäåîðåæèìû ãðàôè÷åñêîãî àêñåëåðàòîðà Chips and
Technologies 65554 SVGA
Ðåæèì Òèï ðåæèìà Ðàçðåøàþùàÿ Ðàçìåð Êîëè÷åñòâî öâåòîâ ×àñòîòà
BIOS ñïîñîáíîñòü ñèìâîëîâ ñêàíèðîâàíèÿ (ïî
ãîðèçîíòàëè/ïî
âåðòèêàëè), êÃö/Ãö
0, 1 VGA Text 40u25 ñèìâîëîâ 9u16 16/256 Êáàéò 31,5/70
2, 3 VGA Text 80u25 ñèìâîëîâ 9u16 16/256 Êáàéò 31,5/70
4, 5 VGA Graph 320u200 ïèêñåëåé 8u8 4/256 Êáàéò 31,5/70
6 VGA Graph 640u200 ïèêñåëåé 8u8 2/256 Êáàéò 31,5/70
7 VGA Text 80u25 ñèìâîëîâ 9u16 Ìîíîõðîìíûé 31,5/70
D VGA Graph 320u200 ïèêñåëåé 8u8 16/256 Êáàéò 31,5/70
E VGA Graph 640u200 ïèêñåëåé 8u8 16/256 Êáàéò 31,5/70
F VGA Graph 640u350 ïèêñåëåé 8u14 Ìîíîõðîìíûé 31,5/70
HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Ðåæèì Òèï ðåæèìà Ðàçðåøàþùàÿ Ðàçìåð Êîëè÷åñòâî öâåòîâ ×àñòîòà
BIOS ñïîñîáíîñòü ñèìâîëîâ ñêàíèðîâàíèÿ (ïî
ãîðèçîíòàëè/ïî
âåðòèêàëè), êÃö/Ãö
20 SVGA Graph 640u480 ïèêñåëåé 8u16 16/256 Êáàéò 31,5/60
37,6/75
43,2/85
46,9/75
53,7/85
24 SVGA Graph 1 024u768 ïèêñåëåé 8u16 16/256 Êáàéò 35,5/87*
48,5/60
60,0/75
68,8/85
28 SVGA Graph 1 280u1 024 ïèêñåëåé 8u16 16/256 Êáàéò 35,5/87*
35,5/60
37,6/75
43,2/85
46,9/75
53,7/85
34 SVGA Graph 1 024u768 ïèêñåëåé 8u16 256/256 Êáàéò 35,5/87*
48,5/60
60,0/75
68,8/85
38 SVGA Graph 1 280u1 024 ïèêñåëåé 8u16 256/256 Êáàéò 35,5/87*
35,5/60
37,6/75
43,2/85
37,6/75
43,2/85
46,9/75
53,7/85
46,9/75
53,7/85
44 SVGA Graph 1 024u768 ïèêñåëåé 8u16 32/32 Êáàéò 48,5/60
45 SVGA Graph 1 024u768 ïèêñåëåé 8u16 64/64 Êáàéò 48,5/60
50 SVGA Graph 640u480 ïèêñåëåé 8u16 16/16 Ìáàéò 31,5/60
52 SVGA Graph 800u600 ïèêñåëåé 8u16 16/16 Ìáàéò 37,9/60
J_`bfLQWHUODFHG

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Òàáëèöà 15.7. Òèïû âèäåîïàìÿòè
Òèï ïàìÿòè Îòíîñèòåëüíîå Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ
áûñòðîäåéñòâèå
FPM DRAM (Fast Page-Mode RAM) Ìåäëåííàÿ Óñòàðåâøèå ISA-âèäåîàäàïòåðû

VRAM (Video RAM)* Î÷åíü áûñòðàÿ Èç-çà äîðîãîâèçíû èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ðåäêî
WRAM (Window RAM)* Î÷åíü áûñòðàÿ Èç-çà äîðîãîâèçíû èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ðåäêî
EDO DRAM (Extended Data Out Ñðåäíÿÿ Äåøåâûå PCI-âèäåîàäàïòåðû
DRAM)
SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) Áûñòðàÿ Â îñíîâíîì âèäåîàäàïòåðû PCI/AGP
MDRAM (Multibank DRAM) Áûñòðàÿ Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äîâîëüíî ðåäêî
SGRAM (Synchronous Graphics DRAM) Î÷åíü áûñòðàÿ Âûñîêîêà÷åñòâåííûå âèäåîàäàïòåðû
PCI/AGP
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ðåæèìîâ îòîáðàæåíèÿ
Ðàçðåøåíèå, Ãëóáèíà Êîëè÷åñòâî öâåòîâ Îáúåì ìîäóëÿ Íåîáõîäèìûé îáúåì
ïèêñåëè öâåòà, áèò âèäåîïàìÿòè, áàéò
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640u480 8 256 512 Êáàéò 307 200
640u480 16 65 536 1 Ìáàéò 614 400
640u480 24 16 777 216 1 Ìáàéò 921 600
800u600 4 16 256 Êáàéò 240 000
800u600 8 256 512 Êáàéò 480 000
800u600 16 65 536 1 Ìáàéò 960 000
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Ðàçðÿäíîñòü øèíû âèäåîñèñòåìû

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Ïàìÿòü DRAM
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Ïàìÿòü EDO DRAM

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iZaZ^mfu\Zebkv êybkihevah\Zgby \dZq_kl\_hkgh\ghciZfylbdhfivxl_jZghklZeb ijb
f_gylvky\3&,\b^_hZ^Zil_jZo Fbdjhko_fu ('2ba]hlh\e_guihlhc`_l_ogheh]bbqlhb
fbdjhko_fu'5$0bgZlhf`_h[hjm^h\Zgbb ihwlhfmklhylhgbh^bgZdh\h
Ïàìÿòü VRAM
95$0 9LGHR5$0² _s_ h^bg ihimeyjguc lbi fh^me_c \b^_hiZfylb IZfylv wlh]h
lbiZ lZd`_ gZau\Zxl ^\moihjlh\hc ihkdhevdm d g_c h^gh\j_f_ggh fh]ml h[jZsZlvky ^\Z
³Z[hg_glZ´LZdh\ufb\kemqZ_bkihevah\Zgby \b^_hZ^Zil_jZ y\eyxlky]jZnbq_kdbc ijhp_k
khj beb Zdk_e_jZlhj beb ^Z`_ ijhp_kkhj dhfivxl_jZ b pbnjhZgZeh]h\uc ij_h[jZah\Z
l_evWlhiha\hey_lih\ukblv[ukljh^_ckl\b_ dZdihkjZ\g_gbxkh[uqgufb'5$0lZdb
ihkjZ\g_gbxk('25$0ghlZdh_ko_fhl_ogbq_kdh_ j_r_gb_klhblgZfgh]h^hjh`_
Ïàìÿòü WRAM
>Zevg_crbf jZa\blb_f 95$0 y\eyxlky ki_pbZebabjh\Zggu_ fh^meb :5$0:LQGRZ
5$0jZajZ[hlZggu_ nbjfhc6DPVXQJ<gboijbf_gy_lkylhl`_ijbgpbi^\moihjlh\h]h ^hk
lmiZ qlh b \h 95$0 gh l_ogheh]by ijhba\h^kl\Z b fbdjhko_fu hilbfbabjh\Zgu k mq_lhf
dhgdj_lgh]h ijbf_g_gby \ \b^_hZ^Zil_jZo d lhfm `_ klhbfhklv bo g_kdhevdh gb`_ :5$0
\ul_kgbeb95$0ba[hevrbgkl\Zfh^_e_c\b^_hZ^Zil_jh\
Ïàìÿòü MDRAM
0'5$00XOWLEDQN'5$0²wlhlbiiZfylbdhlhjuclZd`_ij_^gZagZq_g êybkihev
ah\Zgby\]jZnbq_kdbob\b^_hkbkl_fZo JZajZ[hlZggZy nbjfhc0R6\V,QFiZfylv0'5$0
h[jZam_lky ba fgh`_kl\Z [Zgdh\ g_[hevrh]h h[t_fZ D[Zcl LjZ^bpbhggh '5$0 b
95$0 bf_eb eh]bq_kdmx hj]ZgbaZpbx \ \b^_ h^gh]h p_evgh]h [ZgdZ Ihkdhevdm 0'5$0
khklhblbag_[hevrbo[Zgdh\ihD[Zclgm`gucgZieZl_h[t_fg_m\_ebqb\Z_lky ^h[eb
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j_r_gbxklZeh\hafh`gufkgbablvklhbfhklvZiiZjZlmjuqlhbf__l[hevrh_agZq_gb_êy
jugdZdhfivxl_jh\ qm\kl\bl_evg h]hdp_gh\hciheblbd_
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^Zlv [mn_j _fdhklvx F[Zcl dhlhjuc ^he`_g khklhylv ba ^\mo [Zgdh\ ih q_luj_ fbdjh
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h[sbfh[t_fhfF[Zclba^\mobeblj_ofbdjhko_f<j_amevlZl_mkljZgy_lky³gZ]jmadZ´
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Ïàìÿòü SGRAM
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kjZ\g_gbxkh[uqgufb'5$0[ukljh^_ckl\b_ 6*5$0\hajhkeh[he__q_f\q_luj_jZaZb
hgZ fh`_l jZ[hlZlv gZ qZklhlZo F=p b \ur_ < gZklhys__ \j_fy wlhl lbi iZfylb bk
ihevam_lky\kh\j_f_gguo 3&,b$*3\b^_hZ^Zil_jZo
Ïàìÿòü SDRAM
6'5$06\QFKURQRXV '5$0bkihevam_lky\dhfivxl_jZo kijhp_kkhjZfb 3HQWLXP,,,,,\
dZq_kl\_ hkgh\ghc iZfylb Fh^meb iZfylb ',00 fh]ml [ulv mklZgh\e_gu \ \b^_hZ^Zil_j
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iZ_l 6*5$0 IZfylv 6'5$0 bkihevam_lky \ \ukhdhdZq_kl\_ gguo 3&, b $*3
\b^_hZ^Zil_jZo
Ïàìÿòü DDR SDRAM

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lvx6'5$0JZajZ[hlZgêykh\j_f_gguo kbkl_fguoieZlkqZklhlhcrbguF=p
Ïàìÿòü Direct RAMBUS DRAM (DRDRAM) è Sync Link DRAM (SLDRAM)

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Öèôðîàíàëîãîâûé ïðåîáðàçîâàòåëü
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Òàáëèöà 15.9. Ïàðàìåòðû öèôðîàíàëîãîâîãî ïðåîáðàçîâàòåëÿ íåêîòîðûõ
ñîâðåìåííûõ âèäåîàäàïòåðîâ
Íàáîð ìèêðîñõåì Ðàáî÷àÿ ÷àñòîòà Ìàêñèìàëüíîå ðàçðåøåíèå ×àñòîòà îáíîâëåíèÿ, Ãö
öèôðîàíàëîãîâîãî
ïðåîáðàçîâàòåëÿ, ÌÃö
Matrox G200 250 1 920u1 200 (2D) 70 (2D)

1 920u1080 (3D) 75 (3D)
Matrox G400MAX 360 2 048u1 536 (2D/3D) 85
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Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå øèíû AGP

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Òàáëèöà 15.10. Ïàðàìåòðû ëîêàëüíûõ øèí
Ïàðàìåòð VL-Bus PCI AGP
Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ ïðîïóñêíàÿ ñïîñîá- 132 Ìáàéò/ñ 132 Ìáàéò/ñ* 533 Ìáàéò/ñ (2õ)
íîñòü (òåîðåòè÷åñêè) 1,06 Ãáàéò/ñ (4õ)
Êîëè÷åñòâî ðàçúåìîâ (òèïîâîå)** 3 4 èëè 5 1
Ïîääåðæêà òåõíîëîãèè Plug and Play Íåò Äà Äà
Öåíà Íèçêàÿ Ñðåäíÿÿ Ñðåäíÿÿ
Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ Äåøåâûå êîìïü- Êîìïüþòåðû íà Ìîùíûå êîìïüþòå-
þòåðû íà áàçå áàçå ïðîöåññî- ðû íà áàçå ïðîöåñ-
ïðîöåññîðà 486 ðîâ 486, Pen- ñîðîâ Pentium II/III
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Òàáëèöà. 15.12. Óñòðîéñòâà äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ ìóëüòèìåäèà
Òèï óñòðîéñòâà Ìîäåëü
Âèäåîàäàïòåð ñî âñòðîåííûì TV-òþíåðîì ATI All-in-Wonder Pro

TV-òþíåð ATI-TV
Óñòðîéñòâî, ïîäêëþ÷àåìîå ê ïàðàëëåëüíîìó ïîðòó ZIPSHOT
Óñòðîéñòâî, ïîäêëþ÷àåìîå ê USB-ïîðòó Nogatech USB Live!
PCI- èëè ISA-àäàïòåð Video E-Mailer
SCSI-àäàïòåð Iomega BUZ
IEEE-1394 (FireWire) Radius MotoDV Studio 2.0
>hklhbgkl\Z bg_^hklZldbwlbomkljhckl\ij_^klZ\e_gu \lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 15.13. Äîñòîèíñòâà è íåäîñòàòêè óñòðîéñòâ ìóëüòèìåäèà

Òèï óñòðîéñòâà Äîñòîèíñòâà Íåäîñòàòêè
Âèäåîàäàïòåð ñî âñòðîåí- Çàíèìàåò îäèí ðàçúåì ñèñòåì- Ïðè ìîäåðíèçàöèè íåîáõîäèìî

íûì TV-òþíåðîì íîé ïëàòû ìåíÿòü âèäåîàäàïòåð
TV-òþíåð Óïðîùàåòñÿ ïðîöåäóðà ìîäåð- Íå ïîääåðæèâàåòñÿ âñåìè òèïàìè
íèçàöèè âèäåîàäàïòåðîâ
Óñòðîéñòâî, ïîäêëþ÷àåìîå Óíèâåðñàëüíîå íåäîðîãîå óñò- Ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü îãðàíè÷åíà
ê ïàðàëëåëüíîìó ïîðòó ðîéñòâî äëÿ íàñòîëüíîãî è ïîð- ñêîðîñòüþ ïàðàëëåëüíîãî ïîðòà
òàòèâíîãî êîìïüþòåðîâ
Óñòðîéñòâî, ïîäêëþ÷àåìîå Ïðîñòîòà óñòàíîâêè â íîâûå Íå ðàáîòàåò ñ ðàííèìè âåðñèÿìè
ê USB-ïîðòó êîìïüþòåðû Windows 95; íåîáõîäèìà ïîä-
äåðæêà USB
PCI- èëè ISA-àäàïòåð Âûñîêàÿ ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü; íå Òðåáóåò âûäåëåíèÿ äîïîëíèòåëü-
çàíèìàåò ïàðàëëåëüíûé ïîðò; íûõ ðåñóðñîâ
ðàáîòàåò ïðàêòè÷åñêè ñ ëþáûì
òèïîì âèäåîàäàïòåðà
SCSI-àäàïòåð Áîëåå âûñîêàÿ ïðîèçâîäèòåëü- Äîñòàòî÷íî ñëîæíàÿ óñòàíîâêà è
íîñòü ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ñ âûøåïå- êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå
ðå÷èñëåííûìè óñòðîéñòâàìè
IEEE-1394 (FireWire) Íàèëó÷øàÿ ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü; Íåîáõîäèìû äîðîãîñòîÿùèå óñò-
íå òðåáóåòñÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ ðîéñòâà IEEE-1394
ïðåîáðàçîâàíèé ñèãíàëà
J_dhf_g^Zpbb ih mkljZg_gbx g_bkijZ\ghkl_c ^Zggh]h lbiZ mkljhckl\ ijb\_^_gu \

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Òàáëèöà 15.14. Ðåêîìåíäàöèè ïî óñòðàíåíèþ íåèñïðàâíîñòåé óñòðîéñòâ
ìóëüòèìåäèà
Òèï óñòðîéñòâà Ïðîáëåìà Ðåøåíèå
Óñòðîéñòâî, ïîäêëþ÷àåìîå ê ïà- Óñòðîéñòâî íå îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ, Ïðîâåðüòå ïàðàìåòðû ïîðòà ñ

ðàëëåëüíîìó ïîðòó îäíàêî ïðèíòåð ðàáîòàåò ïîìîùüþ BIOS è ñðåäñòâ îïå-
íîðìàëüíî ðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìû; ïðîâåðüòå,
íåò ëè êîíôëèêòîâ óñòðîéñòâ

HdgqZgb_lZ[e
Òèï óñòðîéñòâà Äîñòîèíñòâà Íåäîñòàòêè
TV-òþíåð (âñòðîåííûé íà âèäåî- Íåò èçîáðàæåíèÿ Ïðîâåðüòå ïðàâèëüíîñòü ïîä-

àäàïòåðå è â âèäå îòäåëüíîé ïëàòû) êëþ÷åíèÿ êàáåëÿ è íàñòðîéêè
ïðîãðàììíîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ
Âñå óñòðîéñòâà Âèäåî âîñïðîèçâîäèòñÿ Óìåíüøèòå ðàçìåð îêíà èëè
³ðûâêàìè´ èñïîëüçóéòå óñòðîéñòâî ñ áî-
ëåå áûñòðûì èíòåðôåéñîì
Âñå óñòðîéñòâà Âèäåî âîñïðîèçâîäèòñÿ ñî Íåîáõîäèì áîëåå áûñòðîäåé-
çíà÷èòåëüíûìè ïàóçàìè ñòâóþùèé æåñòêèé äèñê; âêëþ-
÷èòå ïîääåðæêó Bus Master, åñ-
ëè ñèñòåìíàÿ ïëàòà è æåñòêèé
äèñê ïîääåðæèâàþò ýòîò ðåæèì
Óñòðîéñòâî, ïîäêëþ÷àåìîå ê Óñòðîéñòâî íå îïðåäåëåíî Ïîääåðæèâàåò ëè USB âàøà
USB-ïîðòó èëè ðàáîòàåò íåâåðíî îïåðàöèîííàÿ ñèñòåìà; óñòàíî-
âèòå Windows 98; ïðîâåðüòå
ïðàâèëüíîñòü ïîäêëþ÷åíèÿ
Âñå òèïû àäàïòåðîâ Àäàïòåð íå îïðåäåëåí èëè Ïðîâåðüòå, íåò ëè êîíôëèêòîâ
ðàáîòàåò íåâåðíî óñòðîéñòâ
Âñå óñòðîéñòâà Ïðîáëåìû ïðè óñòàíîâêå è Çàãðóçèòå ñàìûå ïîñëåäíèå
ïðè ðàáîòå âåðñèè äðàéâåðîâ; ïðî÷èòàéòå
äîêóìåíòàöèþ è ðåêîìåíäàöèè
ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ, äîêóìåíòû FAQ
è äð.
Óñêîðèòåëè òðåõìåðíîé
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Òàáëèöà 15.15. Ñîñòàâ API DirectX âåðñèè 6.1

Íàçâàíèå API Ôóíêöèÿ
DirectDraw Ïîääåðæêà äâóõìåðíîé ãðàôèêè
Direct3D Ïîääåðæêà òðåõìåðíîé ãðàôèêè
DirectInput Ïîääåðæêà äæîéñòèêîâ, èãðîâûõ ðóëåé è äðóãèõ óñòðîéñòâ ââîäà
DirectSound Îñíîâíîé çâóê è ýôôåêòû
DirectSound3D Ñîçäàíèå òðåõìåðíîãî çâóêà
DirectSetup Àâòîìàòè÷åñêàÿ óñòàíîâêà ïðîãðàììíîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ è äðàéâåðîâ
DirectMusic Ïîääåðæêà äèíàìè÷åñêîé èíòåðàêòèâíîé ìóçûêè
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Òàáëèöà 15.16. Ñîñòàâ ñëîÿ Media DirectX âåðñèè 6.1
Íàçâàíèå API Ôóíêöèÿ
Direct3D Retained Mode Óïðàâëåíèå òðåõìåðíûìè ñöåíàìè
DirectShow Ðàíåå èçâåñòåí êàê ActiveMovie; ïîçâîëÿåò âîñïðîèçâîäèòü ïîòîêè ìå-
äèàäàííûõ, âûïîëíÿòü çàõâàòû àóäèî- è âèäåîäàííûõ
DirectAnimation Ðàíåå èçâåñòåí êàê àíèìàöèÿ ActiveX; ñîçäàíèå àíèìàöèè, ñ ïîìîùüþ
Dynamic HTML, àïëåòîâ Java è ñöåíàðèåâ
DirectX Transform Ïîçâîëÿåò ìàíèïóëèðîâàòü îäíèì èëè íåñêîëüêèìè èçîáðàæåíèÿìè äëÿ
Web è ïðèëîæåíèé
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Òàáëèöà 15.17. Ñîîòâåòñòâèå íîìåðîâ âåðñèé DirectX è ôàéëà Ddraw.dll
Íîìåð âåðñèè DirectX Íîìåð âåðñèè ôàéëà Ddraw .dll
1.0 4.02.0095
2.0 4.03.00.1096 (òàêæå 2.0a)
3.0 4.04.00.0068* (òàêæå 3.0a)
(Âåðñèè 4.0 íåò)
5.0 4.05.00.0155
6.0 4.06.00.0318
6.1 4.06.02.0436
7.0 4.07.00.0700
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Òàáëèöà 15.18. Êðèòåðèè, èñïîëüçóåìûå ïðè ñðàâíåíèè âèäåîàäàïòåðîâ
Êðèòåðèé Îáúÿñíåíèå
Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå RAMDAC Áûñòðîäåéñòâèå öèôðîàíàëîãîâîãî ïðåîáðàçîâàòåëÿ íåäîðîãèõ âèäåî-

àäàïòåðîâ íåâûñîêîå, ò.å. ïîëó÷èòü êà÷åñòâåííîå èçîáðàæåíèå íà
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Îáúåì âèäåîïàìÿòè Ïðàêòè÷åñêè âî âñåõ ñîâðåìåííûõ âèäåîàäàïòåðàõ óñòàíàâëèâàåòñÿ
êàê ìèíèìóì 4 Ìáàéò âèäåîïàìÿòè. Ýòîãî îáúåìà ïàìÿòè íåäîñòàòî÷íî
äëÿ íîðìàëüíîãî ôóíêöèîíèðîâàíèÿ ñîâðåìåííûõ èãð. Ñòàðàéòåñü
ïðèîáðåòàòü âèäåîàäàïòåð ñ îáúåìîì ïàìÿòè íå ìåíåå 8 Ìáàéò
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TV-òþíåð Æåëàòåëüíî ïðèîáðåòàòü ýòî óñòðîéñòâî â âèäå îòäåëüíîé ïëàòû.
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Íåèñïðàâíîñòè àäàïòåðîâ è ìîíèòîðîâ 665

Ïðîãðàììà DisplayMate
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Ãëàâà 16
Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûé,
ïàðàëëåëüíûé
è äðóãèå èíòåðôåéñû
ââîäà-âûâîäà
Ââåäåíèå â ïîðòû ââîäà-âûâîäà 668
Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûå ïîðòû 668
Âûñîêîñêîðîñòíûå ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûå ïîðòû 674
Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûõ ïîðòîâ 674
Òåñòèðîâàíèå ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûõ ïîðòîâ 675
Ïàðàëëåëüíûå ïîðòû 677
Ñòàíäàðò IEEE 1284 678
Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ ïàðàëëåëüíûõ ïîðòîâ 681
Óñòðîéñòâà, ïîäêëþ÷àåìûå ê ïàðàëëåëüíûì ïîðòàì 682
Òåñòèðîâàíèå ïàðàëëåëüíûõ ïîðòîâ 683
USB 1394 (i.Link) FireWire çàìåíà ïàðàëëåëüíûì
è ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûì ïîðòàì 683
Ââåäåíèå â ïîðòû ââîäà-âûâîäà
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Òàáëèöà 16.1. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ 9-êîíòàêòíîãî (AT) ðàçúåìà
ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîãî ïîðòà
Âûâîä Ñèãíàë Îïèñàíèå Òèï âûâîäà
1 CD Îáíàðóæåíèå íåñóùåãî ñèãíàëà Âõîä

2 RD Ïðèíèìàåìûå äàííûå Âõîä
3 TD Ïåðåäàâàåìûå äàííûå Âûõîä
4 DTR Ãîòîâíîñòü òåðìèíàëà Âûõîä
5 SG Îáùèé ñèãíàë
6 DSR Ãîòîâíîñòü äàííûõ ê ïåðåäà÷å Âõîä
7 RTS Çàïðîñ ïåðåäà÷è Âûõîä
8 CTS Ãîòîâíîñòü âíåøíåãî óñòðîéñòâà ê ïðèåìó Âõîä
9 RI Èíäèêàòîð âûçîâà Âõîä

JbkKlZg^ZjlgucdhglZdlgucjZat_fihke_^h\Zl_evgh]hihjlZ

Òàáëèöà 16.2. Íàçíà÷åíèå âûâîäîâ 25-êîíòàêòíîãî (PC, XT è PS/2) ðàçúåìà
ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîãî ïîðòà
Âûâîä Ñèãíàë Îïèñàíèå Òèï âûâîäà
1 Êîðïóñ
2 TD Ïåðåäàâàåìûå äàííûå Âûõîä
3 RD Ïðèíèìàåìûå äàííûå Âõîä
4 RTS Çàïðîñ ïåðåäà÷è Âûõîä
5 CTS Ãîòîâíîñòü âíåøíåãî óñòðîéñòâà ê ïðèåìó Âõîä
6 DSR Ãîòîâíîñòü äàííûõ ê ïåðåäà÷å Âõîä
7 SG Îáùèé ñèãíàë
8 CD Îáíàðóæåíèå íåñóùåãî ñèãíàëà Âõîä
9 Òîêîâûé âûõîä ïåðåäàò÷èêà (+) Âûõîä
11 Òîêîâûé âûõîä ïåðåäàò÷èêà () Âûõîä
18 Òîêîâûé âõîä ïðèåìíèêà (+) Âõîä
20 DTR Ãîòîâíîñòü òåðìèíàëà Âûõîä
22 RI Èíäèêàòîð âûçîâà Âõîä
25 Òîêîâûé âõîä ïðèåìíèêà () Âõîä
Òàáëèöà 16.3. Ñîîòâåòñòâèå âûâîäîâ ìåæäó 9- è 25-êîíòàêòíûìè ðàçúåìàìè

9-êîíòàêòíûé 25-êîíòàêòíûé Ñèãíàë Îïèñàíèå
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amevlZlu\kj_^_'26ihwlhfmj_dhf_g^m_lky aZimkdZlvdhfivxl_j\j_`bf_'26i_j_^bo
bkihevah\Zgb_f
Òåñòèðîâàíèå ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûõ ïîðòîâ 675

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<u[_jbl_iZjZf_lj&RPSRUWV²ihy\blkybgnhjfZpbyhfbdjhko_f_8$57mklZgh\e_g
ghc\ihke_^h\Zl_evghf ihjlm\Zr_]hdhfivxl_jZZlZd`_h^hklmiguoihjlZo?keb\wlhl
fhf_gl dZdhcgb[m^v ba ihjlh\ bkihevam_lky gZijbf_j d g_fm ih^dexq_gZ furv lh ijh
]jZffZkhh[sblbh[wlhf
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ihjlZo>jm]bfbkeh\Zfb_kebdZdhcgb[m^vihjlg_j_Z]bjm_lgZl_klhgg_ihiZ^Z_l\hlq_l
ijh]jZffuihwlhfmijbijh\_jd_g_bkijZ\ghklb ihjlh\y\k_]^Zbkihevamxijh]jZffm06'
Äèàãíîñòèêà â Windows 9õ
BgnhjfZpbyhlhfjZ[hlZxlebihjluhlh[jZ`Z_lkyb\:LQGRZVb\:LQGRZV>ey
ijh\_jdbs_edgbl_ijZ\hcdghidhcfurbgZibdlh]jZff_Ìîé êîìïüþòåðMy Computer
bbaihy\b\r_]hkyf_gx\u[_jbl_dhfZg^mÑâîéñòâàProperties <ihy\b\r_fky ^bZeh]h
\hfhdg_\u[_jbl_\deZ^dmÓñòðîéñòâàDevice Manager²gZwdjZg_hlh[jZablkykibkhd
ih^dexq_gguo d dhfivxl_jm mkljhckl\ ?keb mkljhckl\h nmgdpbhgbjm_l g_ijZ\bevgh lh jy
^hfk_]hgZa\Zgb_fihy\blky\hkdebpZl_evgucagZd\`_elhfdjm`d_JZkdjhcl_kibkhdihjlh\
b^\Z`ûs_edgbl_gZlhfbagbodhlhjuc\Zkbgl_j_km_l:LQGRZVmdZ`_ljZ[hlZ_leb
wlhlihjlbeb`_gZah\_lmkljhckl\Zdhlhju_dhgnebdlmxl kgbf
Òåñòèðîâàíèå ñ çàìûêàíèåì ïåòëè

H^gbfbakZfuogZ^_`guoy\ey_lkyl_klkaZfudZgb_fi_lebdhlhjuciha\hey_lijh\_
jblvbkijZ\ghklv dZdkZfh]hihke_^h\Zl_evgh]h ihjlZlZd b ih^dexq_gguo dZ[_e_c AZfu
dZlvijbwlhffh`ghdZd\gmlj_ggxxpbnjh\mxlZdb\g_rgxxZgZeh]h\mxi_lebL_kl
k \gmlj_gg_c i_le_c fh`_l [ulv \uiheg_g lhevdh k ihfhsvx ^bZ]ghklbq_kdhc ijh]jZffu
[_a^hihegbl_evguo mkljhckl\
L_klk\g_rg_ci_le_c[he__wnn_dlb\_gh^gZdhêy_]h\uiheg_gbyg_h[oh^bfki_pbZev
guc jZat_faZ]emrdZ dhlhjuc ih^dexqZ_lky d ]g_a^m ijh\_jy_fh]h ihjlZ >Zggu_ dhlhju_
i_j_^Zxlkyihke_^h\Zl_evguf ihjlhfijhoh^yq_j_awlmaZ]emrdm\ha\jZsZxlkygZijb_fgu_
dhglZdlu jZat_fZ l_ ihjl jZ[hlZ_l h^gh\j_f_ggh \ j_`bfZo i_j_^Zqb b ijb_fZ JZat_f
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;hevrbgkl\h ^bZ]ghklbq_kdbo ijh]jZff fh`_l \uihegylv l_klbjh\Zgb_ k aZfudZgb_f i_leb
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\Zkg_lg_h[oh^bfh]h jZat_fZ_]hfh`ghdmiblvbebk^_eZlvkZfhklhyl_evgh
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Ïàðàëëåëüíûå ïîðòû
<iZjZee_evguo ihjlZoêyh^gh\j_f_gghc i_j_^Zqb[ZclZbgnhjfZpbbbkihevam_lky\h
k_fv ebgbc Wlhl bgl_jn_ck hlebqZ_lky \ukhdbf [ukljh^_ckl\b_f qZklh ijbf_gy_lky êy
ih^dexq_gby ddhfivxl_jmijbgl_jZZlZd`_kh_^bg_gbydhfivxl_jh\ <_^vijbwlhfkm
s_kl\_ggh \ur_ kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo q_f ijb kh_^bg_gbb q_j_a ihke_^h\Zl_evgu_
ihjluZg_[blaZjZaKms_kl\_gguf g_^hklZldhfiZjZee_evgh]h ihjlZy\ey_lkylhqlh
kh_^bgbl_evgu_ ijh\h^Z g_ fh]ml [ulv kebrdhf êbggufb Ijb [hevrhc êbg_ kh_^bgb
l_evgh]h dZ[_ey \ g_]h ijboh^blky \\h^blv ijhf_`mlhqgu_ mkbebl_eb kb]gZeh\ lZd dZd \
ijhlb\ghf kemqZ_ \hagbdZ_l [hevrh_ dhebq_kl\h ihf_o GZagZq_gb_ \u\h^h\ klZg^Zjlgh]h
iZjZee_evgh]hihjlZijb\_^_gh\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 16.5. Ñòàíäàðòíûé 25-êîíòàêòíûé ðàçúåì ïàðàëëåëüíîãî ïîðòà
Âûâîä Ñèãíàë Òèï âûâîäà
1 Ñòðîá (-) Âûõîä

2 Äàííûå, áèò 0 (+) Âûõîä
10 Ïîäòâåðæäåíèå (-) Âõîä
11 Çàíÿòîñòü (+) Âõîä
12 Çàêîí÷èëàñü áóìàãà (+) Âõîä
13 Âûáîð (+) Âõîä
14 Àâòîìàòè÷åñêèé ïåðåâîä ñòðîêè (-) Âûõîä
Ïàðàëëåëüíûå ïîðòû 677

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Âûâîä Ñèãíàë Òèï âûâîäà
15 Îøèáêà (-) Âõîä

16 Èíèöèàëèçàöèÿ ïðèíòåðà (-) Âûõîä
17 Âûáîð âõîäà (-) Âûõîä
18 Äàííûå, âîçâðàò áèòà 0 (-)/Îáùèé Âõîä
Ñòàíäàðò IEEE 1284

WlhlklZg^Zjl[uehdhgqZl_evgh ml\_j`^_g\fZjl_]h^Z<g_fhij_^_e_gunbabq_
kdb_oZjZdl_jbklbdb iZjZee_evguo ihjlh\j_`bfui_j_^Zqb^Zgguobl^
Djhf_lh]h\klZg^Zjl_,((( hibkZgoZjZdl_jbaf_g_gby\g_rgbokb]gZeh\ihklm
iZxsbogZfgh]hj_`bfgu_ iZjZee_evgu_ ihjlu dhfivxl_jZ l_ gZ ihjlu dhlhju_ fh]ml
jZ[hlZlv\bjZajy^ghfj_`bfZoZlZd`_\j_`bfZo(33b(&3
Ohly ,((( [ue \uims_g êy klZg^ZjlbaZpbb nhjf kb]gZeh\ k ihfhsvx dhlhjuo
dhfivxl_j³h[sZ_lky´kih^dexqZ_fufb mkljhckl\Zfb \qZklghklbkijbgl_jhfwlhlklZg
^Zjlbgl_j_k_gbêyijhba\h^bl_e_c i_jbn_jbcguo mkljhckl\ih^dexqZ_fuo diZjZee_ev
gufihjlZf^bkdh\h^h\k_l_\uoZ^Zil_jh\b^j
Ihkdhevdm ,((( ij_^gZagZq_g lhevdh êy ZiiZjZlgh]h h[_ki_q_gby b g_ hij_^_ey_l
lj_[h\Zgbcdijh]jZffghfmh[_ki_q_gbxjZ[hlZxs_fmkiZjZee_evgufb ihjlZfb\kdhj_[ue
jZajZ[hlZg klZg^Zjl hij_^_eyxsbc lj_[h\Zgby d lZdhfm ijh]jZffghfm h[_ki_q_gbx b gZ
ijZ\e_ggucgZmkljZg_gb_jZaebqbcf_`^mfbdjhko_fZfb iZjZee_evguoihjlh\jZaguoijhba
\h^bl_e_c<g_f\qZklghklbhibkZgZki_pbnbdZpby êyih^^_j`dbj_`bfZ(33q_j_a%,26
KlZg^Zjlhf,(((ij_^mkfhlj_gZ [he__\ukhdZyijhimkdgZykihkh[ghklvkh_^bg_gby
f_`^mdhfivxl_jhf bijbgl_jhfbeb^\mfydhfivxl_jZfb >eyj_ZebaZpbbwlhc\hafh`gh
klb klZg^Zjlguc dZ[_ev ijbgl_jZ g_ ihôh^bl KlZg^Zjlhf ,((( êy ijbgl_jZ ij_^m
kfhlj_gZ\blZyiZjZ
< klZg^Zjl_ ,((( hij_^_e_g lZd`_ gh\uc jZat_f JZat_f lbiZ $ hij_^_e_g dZd
rluj_\hc'%jZat_flbiZ%²dZd&HQWURQLFVGh\ucjZat_flbiZ&y\ey_lkyjZat_fhf
\ukhdhc iehlghklb LZdb_ jZat_fu lbiZ K m`_ mklZgZ\eb\Zxlky gZ ijbgl_jZo +HZOHWW
3DFNDUGJZat_fu\k_olj_olbih\ihdZaZgugZjbk

JbkLjbjZaebqguojZat_fZhij_^_e_gguo\klZg^Zjl_,(((
KlZg^Zjl,((( hij_^_ey_liylvj_`bfh\jZ[hluiZjZee_evgh]h ihjlZWlbj_`bfu

dhf[bgbjmxlky \q_luj_lbiZihjlZdZdihdZaZghgb`_
Òèï ïàðàëëåëüíîãî ïîðòà Ðåæèì ââîäà Ðåæèì âûâîäà Êîììåíòàðèè
Ñòàíäàðòíûé ïàðàëëåëüíûé Ïîëóáàéòîâûé Ñîâìåñòèìûé 4-áèòîâûé ââîä, 8-áèòîâûé

ïîðò âûâîä
Äâóíàïðàâëåííûé Áàéòîâûé Ñîâìåñòèìûé Ââîä-âûâîä ïî 8 áèò
Óñîâåðøåíñòâîâàííûé ïà- EPP EPP Ââîä-âûâîä ïî 8 áèò
ðàëëåëüíûé ïîðò (EPP)
Ïîðò ñ ðàñøèðåííûìè âîç- ECP ECP Ââîä-âûâîä ïî 8 áèò; èñïîëü-
ìîæíîñòÿìè (ECP) çóåòñÿ ïðÿìîé äîñòóï ê ïàìÿ-
òè
Hij_^_ey_fu_ klZg^Zjlhf,(((j_`bfuijb\_^_gu\ke_^mxs_clZ[ebp_
Ðåæèì ïàðàëëåëüíîãî ïîðòà Íàïðàâëåíèå Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è, Êáàéò/ñ
Ïîëóáàéòîâûé (4 áèò) Òîëüêî ââîä 50

Áàéòîâûé (8 áèò) Òîëüêî ââîä 150
Ñîâìåñòèìûé Òîëüêî âûâîä 150
EPP Ââîä-âûâîä 5002 000
ECP Ââîä-âûâîä 5002 000
Gb`_ijb\_^_ghdjZldh_hibkZgb_mdZaZgguolbih\bj_`bfh\iZjZee_evguo ihjlh\
Ñòàíäàðòíûå ïàðàëëåëüíûå ïîðòû

< i_j\hf dhfivxl_j_ ,%03& kms_kl\h\Ze lhevdh h^bg iZjZee_evguc ihjl ij_^gZagZ
q_gguc êy i_j_^Zqb bgnhjfZpbb hl dhfivxl_jZ d dZdhfmeb[h mkljhckl\m gZijbf_j d
ijbgl_jmH^ghgZijZ\e_gghklv iZjZee_evgh]h ihjlZi_j\h]h3&\iheg_khhl\_lkl\h\ZeZ _]h
hkgh\ghfmgZagZq_gbx²i_j_^Zq_^ZgguogZijbgl_jH^gZdh\hfgh]bokemqZyo`_eZl_ev
gh[uehbf_lv^\mgZijZ\e_gguc iZjZee_evguc ihjl^Z`_êyijbgl_jZqlh[ufh`gh[ueh
j_Zebah\Zlvh[jZlgmxk\yavgZijbf_jêyijbgl_jh\lbiZ3RVW6FULSWKh^ghgZijZ\e_gguf
iZjZee_evgufihjlhfhkms_kl\blvwlh[uehg_\hafh`gh
Ñòàíäàðò IEEE 1284 679

LZdhc lbi iZjZee_evguo ihjlh\ g_ ij_^gZagZqZeky êy bkihevah\Zgby \ dZq_kl\_ \\h^Z
h^gZdhkihfhsvxki_pbZevguoko_f\dhlhjuoq_luj_kb]gZevgu_ebgbbfh]ml[ulvij_^
klZ\e_gu dZd jZajy^gh_ kh_^bg_gb_ b h^ghgZijZ\e_ggh]h iZjZee_evgh]h ihjlZ fh`gh
h[_ki_qblvjZajy^guc\u\h^bjZajy^guc \\h^ < gZklhys__ \j_fy wlhl lbi ihjlh\ bk
ihevam_lky^h\hevghj_^dhlZddZd\dhfivxl_jZo \uims_gguo ihke_]h^ZdZdijZ\beh
mklZgZ\eb\Zxlky iZjZee_evgu_ ihjlugZih^h[b_jZajy^gh]h(33b(&3
KlZg^Zjlguc iZjZee_evguc ihjlh[_ki_qb\Z_l kdhjhklvi_j_^Zqb^ZgguoD[Zclkgh
ijb bkihevah\Zgbb jZaebqguo mkh\_jr_gkl\h\Zgbc ijhimkdgmx kihkh[ghklv fh`gh m\_eb
qblv^hD[Zclk
Äâóíàïðàâëåííûå ïîðòû (8-ðàçðÿäíûå)

>\mgZijZ\e_gguc iZjZee_evguc ihjl \i_j\u_ ihy\beky \ ]h^m \ dhfivxl_jZo 36
>Z`_k_]h^gy\3&kh\f_klbfuodhfivxl_jZofh`ghgZclbihjludhlhju_h[uqghh[hagZqZ
xlkydZdiZjZee_evgu_³lbiZ36´³^\mgZijZ\e_ggu_ ´b³jZkrbj_ggu_´H[WHQGHGiZjZee_ev
gu_ihjluKihfhsvxlZdh]hihjlZihy\beZkv\hafh`ghklvhj]Zgbah\Zlv^\mklhjhggbch[f_g
^Zggufbf_`^mdhfivxl_jhfbjZaebqgufbi_jbn_jbcgufb mkljhckl\Zfb>eywlh]hbkihev
am_lky g_kdhevdh [u\rbo ^h wlh]h k\h[h^gufb dhglZdlh\ jZat_fZ iZjZee_evgh]h ihjlZ Z gZ
ijZ\e_gb_i_j_^ZqbbgnhjfZpbbhij_^_ey_lkyki_pbZevguf[blhfkhklhygby
>\mgZijZ\e_ggu_ ihjlufh]mljZ[hlZlvkjZajy^guf\\h^hfb\u\h^hfbkihevamyêy
wlh]h \hk_fv klZg^Zjlguo ebgbc i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo ijhimkdgZy kihkh[ghklv dhlhjuo ijb
ih^dexq_gbb \g_rgbomkljhckl\agZqbl_evgh \ur_q_fêyjZajy^guoihjlh\Kdhjhklv
i_j_^Zqb^ZgguoijbjZ[hl_q_j_a^\mgZijZ\e_gguc ihjlhdhehD[Zclk
Óñîâåðøåíñòâîâàííûé ïàðàëëåëüíûé ïîðò (EPP)

(33(QKDQFHG3DUDOOHO3RUW²wlhgh\uclbiiZjZee_evgh]h ihjlZdhlhjucbgh]^ZgZau
\Zxl [ukljh^_ckl\mxsbf iZjZee_evguf ihjlhf Hg jZajZ[hlZg nbjfZfb ,QWHO ;LUFRP b
=HQLWK'DWD6\VWHPVb\uims_g\hdly[j_]h^ZI_j\ufbmkljhckl\Zfbij_êZ]Zxsbfb
\hafh`ghklb mkh\_jr_gkl\h\Zggh]h iZjZee_evgh]h ihjlZ [ueb ihjlZlb\gu_ dhfivxl_ju
nbjfu=HQLWK'DWD6\VWHPVZ^Zil_junbjfu;LUFRPbfbdjhko_fZ,QWHO6/,2
(33jZ[hlZ_lijZdlbq_kdbgZ\k_okdhjhklyoih^^_j`b\Z_fuo rbghc,6$ b ij_êZ]Z_l
^_kylbdjZlgh_ m\_ebq_gb_ijhimkdghckihkh[ghklbihkjZ\g_gbxkh[uqgufiZjZee_evguf
ihjlhf Wlhl lbi ihjlh\ jZajZ[hlZg ki_pbZevgh êy lZdbo ih^dexqZ_fuo d iZjZee_evghfm
ihjlm mkljhckl\ dZd k_l_\u_ Z^Zil_ju ^bkdh\hû b gZdhibl_eb gZ fZ]gblghc e_gl_ Mkh
\_jr_gkl\h\Zgguc iZjZee_evguc ihjl khhl\_lkl\m_l lj_[h\Zgbyf gh\h]h klZg^ZjlZ
,(((êyiZjZee_evguo ihjlh\bi_j_^Z_l^Zggu_khkdhjhklvx^hF[Zclk
Ihke_ \uoh^Z \ ]h^m fbdjhko_fu ,QWHO 6/,2 fgh]b_ ijhba\h^bl_eb gZqZeb
\uimkdZlvZgZeh]bqgu_ mkljhckl\Z\\h^Z\u\h^Z\dhlhjuo[uebj_Zebah\Zgu\hafh`ghklb
(33Wlhihjh^behijh[e_fmkhklhysmx\lhfqlhijhp_^mjujZ[hlu(33gZfbdjhko_fZo
jZaebqguoijhba\h^bl_e_c kms_kl\_ggh jZaebqZebkv
<_jkby ihjlZ(33\uims_ggZy\fZjl_ ]h^Z [ueZ i_j\hc ihimeyjghc \_jkb_c
hij_^_eyxs_c lj_[h\Zgby d ZiiZjZlghfm h[_ki_q_gbx WlZ \_jkby g_ ih^^_j`b\Z_l klZg
^Zjl,((( <g_dhlhjhcl_ogbq_kdhc^hdmf_glZpbb hrb[hqghkkueZxlkygZ ³(33 \_j
kbb´dZdgZg_dbcklZg^Zjl(33AZihfgbl_\_jkbb (33g_kms_kl\m_lZ\k_ki_pb
nbdZpbb(33\ur_^rb_ihke_\_jkbby\eyxlkyqZklvxklZg^ZjlZ,(((
LZdbf h[jZahf kms_kl\m_l ^\Z g_kh\f_klbfuo klZg^ZjlZ (33 \_jkbb b ,(((
H^gZdh[eZ]h^Zjylhfmqlhh[ZklZg^ZjlZ^h\hevghihoh`b^jm]gZ^jm]ZklZeb\uimkdZlv
i_jbn_jbcgh_ h[hjm^h\Zgb_ ih^^_j`b\Zxs__ h[Z klZg^ZjlZ gh \ g_dhlhjuo kemqZyo mkl
jhckl\Zêy(33fh]mlg_jZ[hlZlvkihjlZfb,(((

Ïîðò ñ ðàñøèðåííûìè âîçìîæíîñòÿìè (ECP)
>jm]hc lbi \ukhdhkdhjhklgh]h iZjZee_evgh]h ihjlZ gZau\Z_fuc ihjlhf k jZkrbj_g
gufb \hafh`ghklyfb (QKDQFHG &DSDELOLWLHV 3RUW² (&3 jZajZ[hlZg nbjfZfb 0LFURVRIW b
+HZOHWW3DFNDUGb\uims_g\]h^mIh^h[gh(33wlhlihjlh[eZ^Zeih\ur_gghc ijhba
\h^bl_evghklvx blj_[h\Zeêyk\h_cjZ[hluki_pbZevghc eh]bdbmkljhckl\
Ihjl k jZkrbj_ggufb \hafh`ghklyfb khhl\_lkl\m_l lj_[h\Zgbyf klZg^ZjlZ ,(((
H^gZdh\hlebqb_hlihjlZ(33hgg_y\ey_lkyihjlhfki_pbZevghjZajZ[hlZgguf êyih^
dexq_gbymkljhckl\d3&kh\f_klbfuf dhfivxl_jZf Hkgh\gZy p_ev jZajZ[hldb b \uimkdZ
wlh]h lbiZ iZjZee_evguo ihjlh\² ih^^_j`dZ ³g_^hjh]h]h´ ih^dexq_gby \ukhdhkdhjhk l
guoijbgl_jh\?s_h^gbfhlebqb_f(&3hl(33y\ey_lkylhqlhj_`bfjZ[hlui_j\h]hba
gbolj_[m_lbkihevah\Zgby dZgZeZijyfh]h^hklmiZdiZfylbdhlhjucgbdZdg_hij_^_e_g\
(33 qlh aZqZklmx ijb\h^bl d dhgnebdlZf k\yaZgguf k mkljhckl\Zfb dhlhju_ lZd`_ bk
ihevamxl ijyfhc ^hklmi d iZfylb ;hevrbgkl\h dhfivxl_jh\ \ dhlhjuo mklZgh\e_gu gh
\_crb_fbdjhko_fufh]mljZ[hlZlvdZd\j_`bf_(&3lZdb\(33h^gZdhijb\aZbfh^_c
kl\bbkmkljhckl\Zfb ih^dexqZ_fufb diZjZee_evgufihjlZfj_`bf(33jZ[hlZ_lemqr_
Îáíîâëåíèå ïàðàëëåëüíîãî ïîðòà äëÿ ðàáîòû

â ðåæèìàõ EPP è ECP
?keb\uj_rbebdmiblvdhfivxl_jlh\u[_jbl_lhl\dhlhjhfmklZgh\e_gZfbdjhko_fZ
\\h^Z\u\h^Z6XSHU,2dhlhjZyih^^_j`b\Z_l jZ[hlm\j_`bfZo(33b(&3Qlh[uhij_^_
eblv lbi iZjZee_evgh]h ihjlZ \ kbkl_f_ fh`gh \hkihevah\Zlvky ijh]jZffhc 3DUDOOHO WlZ
ijh]jZffZij_^gZagZq_gZ êybkke_^h\Zgby iZjZee_evguo ihjlh\kbkl_fu;eZ]h^Zjy_c\u
fh`_l_ magZlv lbiu ihjlh\ Z^j_kZ \\h^Z\u\h^Z Z^j_kZ ebgbc aZijhkZ ij_ju\Zgbc gZa\Z
gb_[Zah\hckbkl_fu\\h^Z\u\h^ZZlZd`_fgh]h^jm]hcihe_aghcbgnhjfZpbbWlZbgnhj
fZpbyfh`_l[ulvlZd`_aZibkZgZ\nZceIjh]jZffZ3DUDOOHObkihevam_l\_kvfZkeh`gu_f_
lhûêy^_l_dlbjh\Zgby ihjlZbaZijhkh\ij_ju\Zgbc
?keb\\Zr_fdhfivxl_j_mklZgh\e_gg_ihjl(33(&3ZdZdhceb[hbghclhfh`_l__]h
h[gh\blv>eywlh]hh[jZlbl_kv\f_klgu_dhfivxl_jgu_ nbjfu
Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ ïàðàëëåëüíûõ ïîðòîâ

Dhgnb]mjZpby iZjZee_evguo ihjlh\ agZqbl_evgh ijhs_ dhgnb]mjZpbb ihke_^h\Zl_e v
guo >Z`_ \ %,26 i_j\uo dhfivxl_jh\ ,%03& [ueh ij_^mkfhlj_gh ljb ihjlZ /37 <
lZ[e ijb\_^_gu klZg^Zjlgu_ Z^j_kZ \\h^Z\u\h^Z b mklZgh\db ij_ju\Zgbc êy iZjZe
e_evguoihjlh\
Òàáëèöà 16.6. Ñòàíäàðòíûå àäðåñà ââîäà-âûâîäà è ïðåðûâàíèÿ
ïàðàëëåëüíûõ ïîðòîâ
Ñòàíäàðòíûé ïîðò Àëüòåðíàòèâíûé ïîðò Ââîä-âûâîä Ïðåðûâàíèå
LPT1 3BCh3BFh IRQ 7

LPT1 LPT2 378h37Ah IRQ 5
LPT2 LPT3 278h27Ah IRQ 5
Ihkdhevdm \ %,26 b '26 \k_]^Z hij_^_e_gu ljb iZjZee_evguo ihjlZ ijh[e_fu ^Z`_ \
klZjuodhfivxl_jZo \hagbdZxlj_^dhH^gZdhhgbfh]mlihy\blvky\kbkl_fZokrbghc,6$
baaZg_o\ZldbZiiZjZlguoij_ju\Zgbc>eyh[uqghci_qZlbihjlkZiiZjZlgufij_ju\Zgb
_f g_ y\ey_lky `bag_ggh g_h[oh^bfuf ² \h fgh]bo ijh]jZffZo wlZ \hafh`ghklv ^Z`_ g_
ij_^mkfhlj_gZ H^gZdh ij_ju\Zgby bgh]^Z bkihevamxlky \ ijh]jZffZo gZijbf_j ijb \u
Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ ïàðàëëåëüíûõ ïîðòîâ 681

iheg_gbb nhgh\uo ijhp_kkh\ i_qZlb \ k_lb beb ^jm]bo ijhp_kkh\ i_qZlb k ih^dZqdhc ^Zg
guoba[mn_jZi_qZlb
Ijb[ukljhci_qZlbgZeZa_jghfijbgl_j_lZd`_bkihevamxlky ij_ju\ZgbyBf_gghih
wlhfm_keb\ubkihevam_l_h^gmbamdZaZgguoijh]jZffjZ[hlZlvhgZ[m^_lhq_gvf_ê_ggh
_keb\hh[s_[m^_ljZ[hlZlv?^bgkl\_gguf \uoh^hfbalZdhckblmZpbby\ey_lkybkihevah
\Zgb_ihjlZkij_ju\Zgb_f <kh\j_f_gguo dhfivxl_jZo hi_jZpbhggu_ kbkl_fu06'26b
:LQGRZVofh]mlih^^_j`b\Zlv ^hiZjZee_evguo ihjlh\
Ijb dhgnb]mjbjh\Zgbb iZjZee_evguo ihjlh\ \ dhfivxl_jZo k rbghc ,6$3&, h[uqgh
i_j_klZ\eyxl i_j_fuqdbbi_j_dexqZl_eb Mqblu\Zyfgh]hh[jZab_ ieZlij_^hklZ\ey_fuo \
gZklhys__ \j_fy jZaebqgufb ijhba\h^bl_eyfb g_h[oh^bfh i_j_^ dhgnb]mjZpb_c hagZdh
fblvkykjmdh\h^kl\hf ihwdkiemZlZpbb ijZdlbq_kdb\k_]^Zkh^_j`Zsbf ihe_agu_k\_^_gby
h[wlhcijhp_^mj_
Óñòðîéñòâà, ïîäêëþ÷àåìûå
ê ïàðàëëåëüíûì ïîðòàì
JZajZ[hlqbdb i_j\hcfh^_eb,%03&ij_îheZ]Zeb qlhiZjZee_evguc ihjl[m^_lbkihev
ah\Zlvkylhevdh êy ih^dexq_gby ijbgl_jZ H^gZdh aZ ihke_^gb_ ]hû ihy\behkv h]jhfgh_
dhebq_kl\hmkljhckl\dhlhju_fh`gh ih^dexqblv d dhfivxl_jm q_j_a iZjZee_evguc ihjl
DiZjZee_evguf ihjlZffh`_lih^dexqZlvky \k_hlgZdhibl_e_cgZfZ]gblghce_gl_^hk_
l_\uoZ^Zil_jh\bgZdhibl_e_c&'520G_dhlhju_ijhba\h^bl_eb ij_êZ]Zxl ^Z`_fh^_
fuih^dexqZ_fu_ g_ d ihke_^h\Zl_evghfm ihjlm Z d iZjZee_evghfm qlh iha\hey_l m\_eb
qblvkdhjhklvi_j_^Zqb^Zgguo
QZklh ^\mgZijZ\e_gguc iZjZee_evguc ihjl bkihevam_lky êy i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo f_`^m
^\mfydhfivxl_jZfb gZijbf_jf_`^mgZklhevgufbihjlZlb\guf ?keb\h[hbodhfivxl_
jZomklZgh\e_gu(33(&3ihjlulh kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo fh`_l ^hklb]Zlv F[Zclk
qlh kjZ\gbfh kh kdhjhklvx ql_gby k `_kldh]h ^bkdZ Ke_^kl\b_f wlbo memqr_gbc y\behkv
j_adh_m\_ebq_gb_qbkeZijh]jZffiha\heyxsbo \uihegylvlZdhch[f_g
>eyk\yab^\modhfivxl_jh\ q_j_aiZjZee_evgu_ ihjlug_h[oh^bfki_pbZevguc dZ[_ev
GZ h[hbo dhgpZo dZ[_ey ij_^gZagZq_ggh]h êy kh_^bg_gby iZjZee_evguo ihjlh\ fhglbjm
xlkyrluj_\u_jZat_fu'%>eyi_j_^Zqb^Zgguobkihevam_lkyijh\h^gbdh\ DhglZd
lujZat_fh\^he`gu[ulvkh_^bg_gulZddZdmdZaZgh\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 16.7. Ñîåäèíåíèå êîíòàêòîâ â íóëü-ìîäåìíîì êàáåëå
Âûâîä 25-êîíòàêòíîãî Ñèãíàë Ñèãíàë Âûâîä 25-êîíòàêòíîãî
ðàçúåìà ðàçúåìà
2 Äàííûå, áèò 0 mo Îøèáêà (-) 13
3 Äàííûå, áèò 1 mo Âûáîð 15
4 Äàííûå, áèò 2 mo Îêîí÷àíèå áóìàãè 12
5 Äàííûå, áèò 3 mo Ïîäòâåðæäåíèå (-) 10
6 Äàííûå, áèò 4 mo Çàíÿò 11
15 Îøèáêà (-) mo Äàííûå, áèò 0 2
13 Âûáîð mo Äàííûå, áèò 1 3
12 Îêîí÷àíèå áóìàãè mo Äàííûå, áèò 2 4
10 Ïîäòâåðæäåíèå (-) mo Äàííûå, áèò 3 5
11 Çàíÿò mo Äàííûå, áèò 4 6
25 Îáùèé mo Îáùèé 25

< :LQGRZVo \dexq_gZ ki_pbZevgZy ijh]jZffZ gZau\Z_fZy Ïðÿìîå êàáåëüíîå
ñhåäèíåíèå Direct Cable Connection dhlhjZy iha\hey_l kh_^bgblv ^\Z dhfivxl_jZ
q_j_agmevfh^_fgucdZ[_ev
Òåñòèðîâàíèå ïàðàëëåëüíûõ ïîðòîâ

Ijh\_jdZiZjZee_evguo ihjlh\ \ [hevrbgkl\_ kemqZ_\ hdZau\Z_lky gZfgh]h ijhs_ q_f
l_klbjh\Zgb_ ihke_^h\Zl_evguo Bkihevam_fu_ êy wlh]h ijhp_^mju ijZdlbq_kdb lZdb_ `_
dZdbêyihke_^h\Zl_evguo ihjlh\
:gZeh]bqgu g_ lhevdh ijh]jZffu l_klbjh\Zgby iZjZee_evguo ihjlh\ gh b \kihfh]Z
l_evgu_ mkljhckl\Z \ qZklghklb jZat_faZ]emrdZ Lbi aZ]emrdb aZ\bkbl hl bkihevam_fuo
ijh]jZffl_klbjh\Zgby
< dhglZdlghf jZat_f_aZ]emrd_ êy ijh\_jdb iZjZee_evguo ihjlh\ '%3 ijh
]jZffZfbnbjfu,%0\u\hûkh_^bg_guke_^mxsbfh[jZahf
²
²
²
²
< dhglZdlghf jZat_f_aZ]emrd_ êy ijh\_jdb iZjZee_evguo ihjlh\ '%3 ijh
]jZffZfb1RUWRQ8WLOLWLHV\u\hûkh_^bg_guke_^mxsbfh[jZahf
²
²
²
²
²
USB è 1394 (i.Link) FireWire íîâûå

èíòåðôåéñû ââîäà-âûâîäà
<gZklhys__\j_fyêygZklhevguobihjlZlb\guodhfivxl_jh\ jZajZ[hlZgh ^\Z\ukhdh
kdhjhklguomkljhckl\Zkihke_^h\Zl_evghc rbghcihemqb\rbogZa\Zgb_86%8QLYHUVDO6H
ULDO %XV² mgb\_jkZevgZy ihke_^h\Zl_evgZy rbgZ b ,((( gZau\Z_fZy lZd`_L/LQN beb
)LUH:LUH <hafh`ghklb wlbo \ukhdhkdhjhklguo dhffmgbdZpbhgguo ihjlh\ gZfgh]h \ur_
klZg^ZjlguoiZjZee_evguo bihke_^h\Zl_evguo ihjlh\dhlhju_mklZgh\e_gu\[hevrbgkl\_
kh\j_f_gguo dhfivxl_jh\ Ij_bfms_kl\h gh\uo ihjlh\ khklhbl \ lhf qlh bo fh`gh bk
ihevah\ZlvdZdZevl_jgZlb\m6&6,êy\ukhdhkdhjhklguo kh_^bg_gbcki_jbn_jbcgufb mkl
jhckl\Zfbb\ lhf qlh d gbf fh]ml ih^kh_^bgylvky \k_ lbiu \g_rgbo i_jbn_jbcguo mkl
jhckl\l_[ueZij_îjbgylZ ihiuldZh[t_^bg_gbymkljhckl\\\h^Z\u\h^Z
Ihke_^gbfgZijZ\e_gb_f \jZa\blbb\ukhdhkdhjhklguo i_jbn_jbcguo rbgy\ey_lkybk
ihevah\Zgb_ ihke_^h\Zl_evghc Zjobl_dlmju >ey i_j_^Zqb bgnhjfZpbb \ iZjZee_evghc Zj
obl_dlmj_ ]^_ [blu i_j_^Zxlky h^gh\j_f_ggh g_h[oh^bfu ebgbb bf_xsb_ b [he__
ijh\h^h\Fh`_lihdZaZlvkyqlhaZh^gh\j_fyq_j_aiZjZee_evguc dZgZei_j_^Z_lky[hevr_
^Zgguo q_f q_j_a ihke_^h\Zl_evguc h^gZdh gZ kZfhf ^_e_ m\_ebqblv ijhimkdgmx kihkh[
ghklvihke_^h\Zl_evgh]h kh_^bg_gbygZfgh]he_]q_q_fiZjZee_evgh]h
IZjZee_evgh_ kh_^bg_gb_h[eZ^Z_ljy^hfg_^hklZldh\h^gbfbadhlhjuoy\ey_lkynZah
\uc k^\b] kb]gZeZ baaZ q_]h êbgZ iZjZee_evguo dZgZeh\ gZijbf_j 6&6, h]jZgbq_gZ g_
^he`gZij_\urZlvfIjh[e_fZa^_kvaZdexqZ_lky\lhfqlhohlybjZajy^gu_^Zg
Òåñòèðîâàíèå ïàðàëëåëüíûõ ïîðòîâ 683

gu_h^gh\j_f_ggh i_j_kueZxlky i_j_^Zlqbdhf baaZaZ^_j`_dh^gb[bluijb[u\Zxl\ijb
_fgbdjZgvr_^jm]boKhhl\_lkl\_ggh q_fêbgg__dZ[_evl_f[hevr_\j_fyaZ^_j`dbf_
`^mi_j\ufbihke_^gbfijb[u\rbfb [blZfbgZijb_fghfdhgp_
<ihke_^h\Zl_evghf kh_^bg_gbb^Zggu_i_j_^Zxlky^jm]aZ^jm]hfihwlhfmh^bg[blg_
kfh`_l³h[h]gZlv´^jm]hcbkdhjhklvi_j_^Zqbfh`_l[ulvagZqbl_evghm\_ebq_gZ
?s_ h^gbf ij_bfms_kl\hf ihke_^h\Zl_evgh]h kihkh[Z i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo y\ey_lky \ha
fh`ghklv bkihevah\Zgby lhevdh h^gh beb ^\moijh\h^gh]h dZgZeZ ihwlhfm ihf_ob \hagb
dZxsb_ijbi_j_^Zq_hq_gvfZeuq_]hg_evaykdZaZlvhiZjZee_evghf kh_^bg_gbb
Klhbfhklv iZjZee_evguo dZ[_e_c ^h\hevgh \ukhdZy ihkdhevdm ijh\h^Z ij_^gZagZq_g
gu_êyiZjZee_evghc i_j_^Zqbg_lhevdhbkihevamxlky \ [hevrhf dhebq_kl\ gh b ki_pb
Zevgufh[jZahfmdeZû\Zxlky ^Z[uij_^hl\jZlblv \hagbdgh\_gb_ ihf_oZwlhhq_gvljm^h
_fdbcb^hjh]hklhysbc ijhp_kkDZ[_ebêyihke_^h\Zl_evghc i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo gZijhlb\
hq_gv ^_r_\u_ lZd dZd khklhyl ba g_kdhevdbo ijh\h^h\ b lj_[h\Zgby d bo wdjZgbjh\Zgbx
gZfgh]hgb`_q_fmiZjZee_evguo
Bf_ggh ihwlhfm Z lZd`_ \ kbem lj_[h\Zgbc \g_rg_]h i_jbn_jbcgh]h bgl_jn_ckZ
3OXJDQG 3OD\ b g_h[oh^bfhklb mkljZg_gby nbabq_kdh]h gZ]jhfh`^_gby ihjlh\ \ ihjlZlb\
guodhfivxl_jZo [uebjZajZ[hlZguwlb^\_\ukhdhkdhjhklgu_ ihke_^h\Zl_evgu_ rbgubk
ihevam_fu_\dhfivxl_jZo m`_k_]h^gy
Óíèâåðñàëüíàÿ ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíàÿ øèíà USB

< rbg_ 86% 8QLYHUVDO 6HULDO %XV j_Zebah\ZgZ \hafh`ghklv ih^dexq_gby [hevrh]h dh
ebq_kl\Z i_jbn_jbcguo mkljhckl\ d dhfivxl_jm Ijb ih^dexq_gbb mkljhckl\ d 86% g_
gm`ghmklZgZ\eb\Zlv ieZlu\jZat_fukbkl_fghcieZlubj_dhgnb]mjbjh\Zlv kbkl_fmdjhf_
lh]hwdhghfghbkihevamxlky lZdb_\Z`gu_kbkl_fgu_ j_kmjku dZd ,54 aZijhku ij_ju\Z
gby Ijb ih^dexq_gbb i_jbn_jbcgh]h h[hjm^h\Zgby d i_jkhgZevguf dhfivxl_jZf hkgZ
s_gguf rbghc 86% _]h gZkljhcdZ ijhbkoh^bl Z\lhfZlbq_kdb kjZam ihke_ nbabq_kdh]h
ih^dexq_gby [_ai_j_aZ]jmadbbebmklZgh\db
Hkgh\gufbgbpbZlhjhf jZajZ[hldbklZg^ZjlZ86%\uklmibeZdhfiZgby,QWHOGZqbgZyk
gZ[hjZ fbdjhko_f kbkl_fghc eh]bdb 7ULWRQ,, +; \ dhlhjhf klZg^Zjl 86% [ue \h
iehs_g \ fbdjhko_f_ 3,,; 6RXWK %ULGJH nbjfZ ,QWHO ih^^_j`b\Z_l wlhl klZg^Zjl \h \k_o
k\hbo gZ[hjZo fbdjhko_f kbkl_fghc eh]bdb Kh\f_klgh k dhfiZgb_c ,QWHO gZ^ kha^Zgb_f
mgb\_jkZevghc ihke_^h\Zl_evghc rbgu jZ[hlZeh _s_ k_fv dhfiZgbc kj_^b dhlhjuo
&RPSDT 'LJLWDO ,%0 0LFURVRIW 1(& b 1RUWKHUQ 7HOHFRP Wlb nbjfu kha^Zeb nhjmf 86%
,PSOHPHQW)RUXPp_evxdhlhjh]hy\ey_lkyjZa\blb_ih^^_j`dZbjZkijhkljZg_gb_ Zjobl_d
lmju86%GZ\k_86%mkljhckl\Zihf_sZ_lkyeh]hlbiihdZaZggucgZjbk
JbkEh]hlbi86%mkljhckl\
Mgb\_jkZevgZy ihke_^h\Zl_evgZy rbgZ² wlh bgl_jn_ck jZ[hlZxsbc kh kdhjhklvx

F[blk F[Zclk b hkgh\Zgguc gZ ijhklhf ijh\h^ghf kh_^bg_gbb WlZ rbgZ ih^
^_j`b\Z_l^hih^dexqZ_fuo mkljhckl\bbkihevam_llhiheh]bxa\_aûihkljh_ggmx gZ
jZkrbjyxsbo dhgp_gljZlhjZo dhlhju_ fh]ml \oh^blv \ i_jkhgZevguc dhfivxl_j ex[h_
i_jbn_jbcgh_ mkljhckl\h86%b^Z`_[ulvhl^_evgufbmkljhckl\Zfb >eylZdbogbadhkdh
jhklguoi_jbn_jbcguo mkljhckl\dZddeZ\bZlmjZ b furv \ mgb\_jkZevghc ihke_^h\Zl_e v
ghcrbg_ij_^mkfhlj_g [he__³f_ê_ggucíh^dZgZejZ[hlZxsbc khkdhjhklvxF[blk

>ey ih^dexq_gby g_kdhevdbo 86%mkljhckl\ h^gh\j_f_ggh g_h[oh^bfh bkihevah\Zlv
dhgp_gljZlhj Kihfhsvxdhgp_gljZlhjZ dh^ghfmihjlm86%fh`ghih^dexqblvdeZ\bZlm
jmfurvpbnjh\mxdZf_jmijbgl_jl_e_nhgbl^<dhfivxl_j_mklZgZ\eb\Z_lky fh^mev
gZau\Z_fuc dhjg_\uf dhgp_gljZlhjhf² gZqZevgZy lhqdZ êy ih^dexq_gby \k_o hklZev
guomkljhckl\IjZdlbq_kdb \k_kbkl_fgu_ieZlubf_xl^\ZihjlZ86%Lbibqgucdhgp_g
ljZlhjihdZaZggZjbk
JbkLbibqgucdhgp_gljZlhjk\hk_fvxihjlZfb
FZdkbfZevgZy êbgZ dZ[_ey f_`^m ^\mfy jZ[hlZxsbfb gZ ij_^_evghc kdhjhklb

F[blk mkljhckl\Zfb beb mkljhckl\hf b dhgp_gljZlhjhf ² iylv f_ljh\ < dZ[_e_ bk
ihevam_lkywdjZgbjh\ZggZy \blZyiZjZlhesbgZijh\h^Z² FZdkbfZevgZy êbgZdZ[_ey
êy gbadhkdhjhklguo F[blk mkljhckl\ ijb bkihevah\Zgbb g_kdjmq_gghc iZju ijh\h
^h\²ljbf_ljZIjbq_fwlbjZkklhygbymf_gvrZxlky _kebbkihevam_lky[he__lhgdbcijh
\h^lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 16.8. Çàâèñèìîñòü ìàêñèìàëüíîé äëèíû êàáåëÿ îò óäåëüíîãî

ñîïðîòèâëåíèÿ ïðîâîäîâ
Òîëùèíà Óäåëüíîå ñîïðîòèâëåíèå, Îì/ì Äëèíà (ìàêñ.), ì
28 0,232 0,81
26 0,145 1,31
24 0,091 2,08
22 0,057 3,33
20 0,036 5,00
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USB è 1394 (i.Link) FireWire íîâûå èíòåðôåéñû ââîäà-âûâîäà 685

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Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë Ïðèìå÷àíèå
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IEEE 1394 (i.Link èëè FireWire) USB
Íåîáõîäèìîñòü îñíîâíîãî óçëà Íåò Äà

Ìàêñèìàëüíîå êîëè÷åñòâî óñò- 63 127
ðîéñòâ
Ãîðÿ÷åå ïîäêëþ÷åíèå Äà Äà
Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ äëèíà êàáåëÿ ìå- 4,5 ì 5ì
æäó óñòðîéñòâàìè

IEEE 1394 (i.Link èëè FireWire) USB
Ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è 200 Ìáèò/ñ (25 Ìáàéò/ñ) 12 Ìáèò/ñ (1,5 Ìáàéò/ñ)

Âîçìîæíàÿ ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è 400 Ìáèò/ñ (50 Ìáàéò/ñ), Íå îïðåäåëåíî
800 Ìáèò/ñ (100 Ìáàéò/ñ), 1 Ãáèò/ñ
(125 Ìáàéò/ñ)
Òèïè÷íûå ïîäêëþ÷àåìûå óñòðîé- Öèôðîâûå âèäåîêàìåðû, öèôðî- Êëàâèàòóðû, ìûøè, äæîé-
ñòâà âûå âèäåîêàìåðû âûñîêîãî ðàçðå- ñòèêè, ìîäåìû, öèôðîâûå
øåíèÿ, HDTV, âûñîêîñêîðîñòíûå âèäåîêàìåðû íèçêîãî
óñòðîéñòâà, ñêàíåðû âûñîêîãî ðàç- ðàçðåøåíèÿ, íèçêîñêîðî-
ðåøåíèÿ ñòíûå óñòðîéñòâà, ïðèí-
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ðàçðåøåíèÿ
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Ãëàâà 17
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Óñòðîéñòâî êëàâèàòóðû 698
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Ìûøü 716
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Êîìáèíàöèÿ êëàâèø Íàçíà÷åíèå
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<WIN+M> Ìèíèìèçàöèÿ âñåõ îêîí
<Shift+WIN+M> Îòìåíà ìèíèìèçàöèè
<WIN+F1> Âûçîâ ñïðàâêè ïî Windows
<WIN+E> Çàïóñê ïðîãðàììû Ïðîâîäíèê

<WIN+F> Ïîèñê ôàéëîâ èëè ïàïîê

<Ctrl+WIN+F> Ïîèñê êîìïüþòåðà
<WIN+Tab> Öèêëè÷åñêîå ïåðåêëþ÷åíèå êíîïîê íà ïàíåëè óïðàâëåíèÿ
<WIN+Break> Îòîáðàæåíèå äèàëîãîâîãî îêíà Ñèñòåìà (System)
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<WIN+C> Îòêðûòèå îêíà Ïàíåëü óïðàâëåíèÿ (Control Panel)
<WIN+V> Ïðîñìîòð ñîäåðæèìîãî áóôåðà îáìåíà
<WIN+K> Îòêðûòèå äèàëîãîâîãî îêíà ñâîéñòâ êëàâèàòóðû
<WIN+I> Îòêðûòèå äèàëîãîâîãî îêíà ñâîéñòâ ìûøè
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Òàáëèöà 17.1. Íîìåðà êëàâèø è ñêàí-êîäû 101- è 102-êëàâèøíîé

ðàñøèðåííîé êëàâèàòóð (íàáîðû 1, 2 è 3)
Íîìåð êëàâèøè Êëàâèøà Ñêàí-êîä Ñêàí-êîä Ñêàí-êîä
(íàáîð 1) (íàáîð 2) (íàáîð 3)
1 ' 29 0E 0E
2 1 2 16 16
3 2 3 1E 1E
4 3 4 26 26
5 4 5 25 25
6 5 6 2E 2E
7 6 7 36 36
8 7 8 3D 3D
9 8 9 3E 3E
10 9 0A 46 46
11 0 0B 45 45
12 - 0C 4E 4E
13 = 0D 55 55
15 Backspace 0E 66 66
16 Tab 0F 0D 0D
17 Q 10 15 15
18 W 11 1D 1D
19 E 12 24 24
20 R 13 2D 2D
21 T 14 2C 2C
22 Y 15 35 35
23 U 16 3C 3C
24 I 17 43 43
25 O 18 44 44
26 P 19 4D 4D

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31 A 1E 1C 1C
32 S 1F 1B 1B
33 D 20 23 23
34 F 21 2B 2B
35 G 22 34 34
36 H 23 33 33
37 J 24 3B 3B
38 K 25 42 42
39 L 26 4B 4B
40 ; 27 4C 4C
41 28 52 52
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43 Enter 1C 5A 5A
44 Left Shift 2A 12 12
45 \ (òîëüêî äëÿ 102-êëàâèøíîé 56 61 13
46 Z 2C 1A 1A
47 X 2D 22 22
48 C 2E 21 21
49 V 2F 2A 2A
50 B 30 32 32
51 N 31 31 31
52 M 32 3A 3A
53 , 33 41 41
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60 Left Alt 38 11 19
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81 End E0, 4F E0, 69 65
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84 Down arrow E0, 50 E0, 72 60
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89 Right arrow E0, 4D E0, 74 6A
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91 Keypad 7 (Home) 47 6C 6C
92 Keypad 4 (Left arrow) 4B 6B 6B
93 Keypad 1 (End) 4F 69 69
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96 Keypad 8 (Up arrow) 48 75 75
97 Keypad 5 4C 73 73
98 Keypad 2 (Down arrow) 50 72 72
99 Keypad 0 (Ins) 52 70 70
100 Keypad * 37 7C 7E
101 Keypad 9 (PgUp) 49 7D 7D
102 Keypad 6 (Left arrow) 4D 74 74
103 Keypad 3 (PgDn) 51 7A 7A
104 Keypad . (Del) 53 71 71
105 Keypad - 4A 7B 84
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116 F5 3F 3 27
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Windows-êëàâèàòóðû è èõ ñêàí-êîäû (íàáîðû 1, 2 è 3)
Íîâàÿ êëàâèøà Ñêàí-êîä (íàáîð 1) Ñêàí-êîä (íàáîð 2) Ñêàí-êîä (íàáîð 3)
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Application E0, 5D E0, 2F 8D
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Ñèãíàë 5-êîíòàêòíûé DIN 6-êîíòàêòíûé mini-DIN 6-êîíòàêòíûé SDL
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Òàáëèöà 17.4. Ñèãíàëû íà ðàçúåìå êëàâèàòóðû
Êîíòàêò DIN Êîíòàêò mini-DIN Ñèãíàë Íàïðÿæåíèå, Â
1 5 Ñèíõðîíèçàöèÿ êëàâèàòóðû +2,05,5

2 1 Äàííûå ñ êëàâèàòóðû +2,05,5
3 Çàðåçåðâèðîâàí
4 3 Îáùèé
5 4 +5 Â +4,85,5
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Êîä îøèáêè Îïèñàíèå
3õõ Íåèñïðàâíîñòü êëàâèàòóðû

301 Íåèñïðàâíîñòü ñáðîñà êëàâèàòóðû èëè çàëèïàíèå êëàâèøè (ÕÕ 301, ÕÕ øåñòíà-
äöàòåðè÷íûé ñêàí-êîä)
302 Çàáëîêèðîâàí âûêëþ÷àòåëü êëàâèàòóðû íà ñèñòåìíîì áëîêå
302 Îïðåäåëÿåìàÿ ïîëüçîâàòåëåì îøèáêà òåñòà êëàâèàòóðû
303 Íåèñïðàâíîñòü êëàâèàòóðû èëè ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû; íåèñïðàâíîñòü êîíòðîëëåðà
304 Íåèñïðàâíîñòü êëàâèàòóðû èëè ñèñòåìíîé ïëàòû; âûñîêàÿ ÷àñòîòà ñèíõðîíèçàöèè
êëàâèàòóðû
305 Íåèñïðàâíîñòü èñòî÷íèêà ïèòàíèÿ +5 Â êëàâèàòóðû; â PS/2 âûøåë èç ñòðîÿ ïðåäîõðà-
íèòåëü êëàâèàòóðû
341 Íåèñïðàâíîñòü êëàâèàòóðû
342 Íåèñïðàâíîñòü êàáåëÿ êëàâèàòóðû
343 Íåèñïðàâíîñòü êàáåëÿ èëè ïëàòû ñâåòîäèîäîâ êëàâèàòóðû
366 Íåèñïðàâíîñòü èíòåðôåéñíîãî êàáåëÿ êëàâèàòóðû
Êàê ðàçîáðàòü êëàâèàòóðó

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Ìûøü 719
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Ìûøü 721
IntelliMouse ôèðìû Microsoft
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Òàáëèöà 18.1. Ñòàíäàðòû ìîäóëÿöèè ìîäåìîâ è ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ

Ïðîòîêîë Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ ñêîðîñòü ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ, áèò/ñ Ðåæèì
Bell 103 300 Äóïëåêñíûé

CCITT V.21 300 Äóïëåêñíûé
Bell 212A 1 200 Äóïëåêñíûé
ITU V.22 1 200 Ïîëóäóïëåêñíûé
ITU V.22bis 2 400 Äóïëåêñíûé
ITU V.23 1 200/75 Ïñåâäîäóïëåêñíûé
ITU V.29 9 600 Ïîëóäóïëåêñíûé
ITU V.32 9 600 Äóïëåêñíûé
ITU V.32bis 14 400 Äóïëåêñíûé
ITU V.32fast 28 800 Äóïëåêñíûé
<k_wlbijhlhdheuhibku\Zxlky ^Ze__\wlhc]eZ\_

Bell 103
KlZg^Zjl kh kdhjhklvx i_j_^Zqb [blk ijbgyl \ KR: b DZgZ^_ Lbi bkihevam_fhc
fh^meypbb²qZklhlgZydZ`^hfmkhklhygbxkb]gZeZkhhl\_lkl\m_l h^bg[bl<[hevrbgkl\_
[ukljh^_ckl\mxsbo kh\j_f_gguo dhfivxl_jh\ wlhlklZg^Zjlij_^mkfhlj_g ohlyhgm`_mk
lZj_e
V.21
Wlhl f_`^mgZjh^guc klZg^Zjl i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo kh kdhjhklvx [blk ih^h[_g klZg
^Zjlm%HOOh^gZdhbaaZjZaebqbc\bkihevam_fuo ^bZiZahgZoqZklhlfh^_fu9g_kh
\f_klbfukfh^_fZfb%HOO<hkgh\ghf9bkihevam_lkyaZij_^_eZfbKR:
Bell 212A
KlZg^Zjlkhkdhjhklvxi_j_^Zqb[blkijbgyl\KR:bDZgZ^_<g_fbkihevam_lky
^bnn_j_gpbZevgZy nZah\Zyfh^meypby'LIIHUHQWLDO3KDVH6KLIW.H\LQJ²'36.kdhjhklvi_
j_^Zqb²[h^dZ`^hfmkhklhygbxkhhl\_lkl\m_l[bl^Zgguo
V.22
>Zgguc f_`^mgZjh^guc klZg^Zjl i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo kh kdhjhklvx [blk ih^h[_g
%HOO$h^gZdhg_kh\f_klbfkgbfihg_dhlhjufoZjZdl_jbklbdZf \qZklghklbihkihkh
[mhl\_lZgZ\uah\WlhlklZg^Zjlbkihevam_lky\hkgh\ghfaZij_^_eZfbKR:
V.22bis
Wlhf_`^mgZjh^guc klZg^Zjli_j_^Zqb^Zgguokhkdhjhklvx[blkKeh\hELVhagZ
qZ_l\lhjhcl_memqr_gguc\ZjbZglklZg^ZjlZ9Ijbf_gy_lky 9ELVdZd\KR:lZdb
\ ^jm]bo kljZgZo Bkihevam_lky Zfieblm^gh nZah\Zy fh^meypby kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb ^Zg
guo²[h^\dZ`^hfkhklhygbbkb]gZeZdh^bjm_lky[bl
V.23
Ij_^mkfZljb\Z_lky i_j_^ZqZ ^Zgguo kh kdhjhklvx [blk \ h^ghf gZijZ\e_gbb b
[blk²\h[jZlghfFh^_fkhhl\_lkl\mxsbc wlhfmklZg^Zjlmik_\^h^mie_dkguc l_fh
`_lhkms_kl\eylv h[f_g ^Zggufb \ h[hbo gZijZ\e_gbyo gh k jZagufb kdhjhklyfb 9 [ue
jZajZ[hlZgêylh]hqlh[ukgbablvklhbfhklvfh^_fh\khkdhjhklvxi_j_^Zqb[blkdh
lhju_[ueb^h\hevgh^hjh]bfb\gZqZe_o]h^h\Bkihevah\Zeky \hkgh\ghf\?\jhi_
V.29
Hij_^_ey_lihem^mie_dkguc h^ghgZijZ\e_gguc kihkh[ i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo kh kdhjhklvx
[blk H[uqgh bkihevam_lky êy nZdkbfbevguo ZiiZjZlh\ nZdkh\ b hq_gv j_^dh²
êyfh^_fh\Khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ mdZaZgghfmklZg^Zjlm mkljhckl\Z gZfgh]h ijhs_ l_o dhlh
ju_jZ[hlZxl\\ukhdhkdhjhklguo ^mie_dkguoj_`bfZo>eyfh^_fh\klZg^Zjl9 g_ y\
ey_lkynmgdpbhgZevgh iheguflZddZdg_hij_^_ey_lihegh]hgZ[hjZlj_[h\ZgbcdklZg^Zj
lZf Bf_ggh ihwlhfm mkljhckl\Z jZaguo k_jbc j_^dh hdZau\Zxlky kh\f_klbfufb Wlb g_
^hklZldbklZg^ZjlZg_dZkZxlkynZdkbfbevguo ZiiZjZlh\iZjZf_ljudhlhjuohij_^_e_gu\
9iheghklvx
V.32
Wlh klZg^Zjl ^mie_dkghc i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo kh kdhjhklvx [blk < g_f hij_^_e_gu
f_lhûdhjj_dpbbhrb[hdbkihkh[uk\yabBkihevam_lky Zfieblm^gh nZah\Zyfh^meypbyk
lZdgZau\Z_fufdh^bjh\Zgb_f 7&4$0ijbdhlhjhfdZ`^hfmkhklhygbxkb]gZeZkhhl\_lkl
\m_l [bl Ijb lZdhf dh^bjh\Zgbb \f_kl_ k dZ`^hc ]jmiihc ba [bl i_j_^Z_lky ^hihegb

l_evgucdhgljhevguc[blWlhiha\hey_l\uihegylvdhjj_dpbxhrb[hd\ijb_fghfmkljhc
kl\_qlh\k\hxhq_j_^vih\urZ_lmklhcqb\hklv fh^_fh\jZ[hlZxsbo\klZg^Zjl_9d
\ha^_ckl\bxrmfh\\ebgbbi_j_^ZqbIhkdhevdm^Z`_ijbh^ghgZijZ\e_gghc i_j_^Zq_^Zg
guokhkdhjhklvx[blkbkihevam_lkyijZdlbq_kdb\kyihehkZijhimkdZgbyl_e_nhgghc
ebgbb \ fh^_fZo 9 j_Zebam_lky keh`gZy ijhp_^mjZ ijhkemrb\Zgby hl\_lgh]h kb]gZeZ
dhlhjZy aZdexqZ_lky \ i_jbh^bq_kdhf hldexq_gbb kh[kl\_gguo i_j_^Z\Z_fuo kb]gZeh\ b
ijb_f_hl\_lguokb]gZeh\>hihke_^g_]h\j_f_gbjZkijhkljZg_gb_ fh^_fh\jZ[hlZxsbo\
klZg^Zjl_ 9 k^_j`b\Zehkv bo keh`ghklvx b \ukhdhc klhbfhklvx H^gZdh ihy\e_gb_ gZ
jugd_ ^_r_\uo fbdjhko_f jZajZ[hlZgguo ki_pbZevgh êy bo dhfie_dlZpbb baf_gbeh kb
lmZpbxb9 ihkl_i_gghij_\jZlbeky\h[s_ijbgyluc klZg^Zjl i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo kh kdh
jhklvx[blk
V.32bis
Wlhl klZg^Zjl kh kdhjhklvx i_j_^Zqb [blk y\ey_lky jZkrbj_gb_f 9 < g_f
ijbf_gy_lkylZ`_fh^meypbyqlhb\97&4$0kdhjhklvi_j_^Zqb²[h^\dZ`
^hfkhklhygbbdh^bjm_lky[bl;eZ]h^ZjylZdhfmdh^bjh\Zgbx k\yavihemqZ_lky\_kvfZgZ
^_`ghcIjhlhdhe9ELVh[_ki_qb\Z_l ^mie_dkgmxk\yav?kebdZq_kl\hl_e_nhgghcebgbb
g_\ukhdh_lhfh^_fui_j_dexqZxlky \h[uqgucj_`bf9
V.32fast
Wlhgh\ucij_êh`_gguc &&,77klZg^ZjllZd`_gZau\Z_fuc9)&)DVW&ODVVdhlhjuc
y\ey_lky jZkrbj_gb_f 9 b 9ELV Ij_^mkfZljb\Z_l \ukhdmx kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb ^Zg
guo²[blkgh\ihke_^g__\j_fy\ul_kgy_lkyklZg^Zjlhf9
V.34
Ih ijZ\m kqblZ_lky kZfuf emqrbf b gZ^_`guf kj_^b klZg^Zjlh\ i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo kh
kdhjhklvx [blk Ijbeh`_gby d klZg^Zjlm 9 hij_^_eyxl lj_[h\Zgby d gh\_crbf
fh^_fZf9dhlhju_fh]mljZ[hlZlvkhkdhjhklvxbD[blkFgh]b_kms_kl\mx
sb_ fh^_fu 9 hkgZs_ggu_ keh`gufb pbnjh\ufb ijhp_kkhjZfb fh]ml [ulv e_]dh fh
^_jgbabjh\Zgu ijbmklZgh\d_ijh]jZffêyjZ[hlukhkdhjhklvxD[blkFh^_jgbaZpby
aZdexqZ_lky\h[gh\e_gbb520fh^_fZbaZimkd_ki_pbZevgh]h ijh]jZffgh]h h[_ki_q_gby
KlZg^Zjlhf 9 ij_^mkfhlj_gZ gZb[hevrZy kdhjhklv \aZbfh^_ckl\by dhlhjZy \hafh`gZ
q_j_aZgZeh]h\h_kh_^bg_gb_HgZ^Z`_ij_\urZ_l\hafh`ghklb ZgZeh]h\uoebgbc<_jhyl
gh \ [eb`Zcr_f [m^ms_f \k_ l_e_nhggu_ k_lb klZgml pbnjh\ufb Z jZa\blb_ ZgZeh]h\uo
fh^_fh\ijbhklZgh\blky
V.90
KlZg^Zjl ,787 dhlhjuc hibku\Z_l kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb D[blk ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc
³h[t_^bg_gb_ ńbjf_gguoklZg^Zjlh\;865RERWLFV&RPb.)OH[5RFNZHOO
Ïðîòîêîëû êîððåêöèè îøèáîê

Ih^dhjj_dpb_cbkijZ\e_gb_f hrb[hdihgbfZ_lkykihkh[ghklvg_dhlhjuofh^_fh\h[
gZjm`b\Zlvhrb[db\hagbdZxsb_ ijbi_j_^Zq_bkZfhklhyl_evghih\lhjylvi_j_^Zqml_o
^Zgguodhlhju_[uebih\j_`^_gu>eylh]hqlh[udhjj_dpbyhrb[hdklZeZ\hafh`ghch[Z
fh^_fZ^he`gujZ[hlZlv\h^ghfklZg^Zjl_DkqZklvx[hevrbgkl\h ba]hlh\bl_e_c fh^_fh\
ijb^_j`b\Zxlky h^gbobl_o`_klZg^Zjlh\

MNP 14
WlhlklZg^Zjldhjj_dpbbhrb[hdjZajZ[hlZgnbjfhc0LFURFRP;he__ih^jh[ghhghib
kZggb`_\wlhc]eZ\_
V.42
Ijhlhdhe dhjj_dpbb hrb[hd 9 ihkljh_g gZ hkgh\_ \_jkbb ijhlhdheZ 013 Ih
kdhevdm\g_fij_^mkfhlj_gZ kh\f_klbfhklv k013\k_mkljhckl\Zkhhl\_lkl\mxsb_ klZg
^Zjlm013fh]mlmklZgZ\eb\Zlv kh_^bg_gbyjZ[hlZxsb_kdhjj_dpb_chrb[hdkfh^_fZ
fb 9 < wlhf klZg^Zjl_ bkihevam_lky ijhlhdhe gZau\Z_fuc ijhp_^mjhc /$30 dhlhjZy
dZd b 013 Z\lhfZlbq_kdb ih\lhjy_l i_j_^Zqm hldhjj_dlbjh\Zgguo ^Zgguo dhlhju_ [ueb
bkdZ`_guqlh]ZjZglbjm_l ijhoh`^_gb_ q_j_afh^_flhevdh^hklh\_jghcbgnhjfZpbbIjh
lhdhedhjj_dpbbhrb[hd9]hjZa^hemqr_klZg^ZjlZ013lZddZdh[_ki_qb\Z_l aZkq_l
bgl_ee_dlmZevguo Ze]hjblfh\[he__\ukhdmxgZkdhjhklvi_j_^Zqb^Zgguo
Ñòàíäàðòû ñæàòèÿ äàííûõ

K`Zlb_ ^Zgguo i_j_^ i_j_^Zq_c iha\hey_l kwdhghfblv \j_fy b ^_gv]b gZ hieZl_ mkem]
f_`^m]hjh^ghc l_e_nhgghck\yab<aZ\bkbfhklbhllbih\i_j_^Z\Z_fuo nZceh\bojZaf_j
fh`ghmf_gvrblv[he__q_f\q_luj_jZaZihkjZ\g_gbxki_j\hgZqZevguf qlhnZdlbq_kdb
mq_l\_jy_l [ukljh^_ckl\b_ fh^_fZ GZijbf_j fh^_f kh kdhjhklvx i_j_^Zqb [blk
bkihevamy k`Zlb_ fh`_l m\_ebqblv h[t_f i_j_^Z\Z_fuo ^Zgguo ^h [blk Z fh^_f
jZ[hlZxsbckhkdhjhklvx²^h[blk
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h[_ki_q_gb_f H[jZlbl_ \gbfZgb_ qlh h^gb lbiu nZceh\ gZijbf_j l_dklh\u_ nZceu beb
jZkljh\u_jbkmgdbohjhrhk`bfZxlky\lh\j_fydZd^jm]b_gZijbf_j*,)beb=,3m`_
y\eyxlky k`Zlufb Ijb i_j_^Zq_ lZdbo nZceh\ \u g_ ^h[v_l_kv kms_kl\_ggh]h m\_ebq_gby
kdhjhklbi_j_^Zqb
MNP 5
NbjfZ0LFURFRPijh^he`ZeZ jZajZ[hldm k_f_ckl\Z ijhlhdheh\ b ke_^mxsbc ijhlhdhe
013kh^_j`blZe]hjblfk`Zlby^Zgguo;he__ih^jh[ghhghibkZggb`_\wlhc]eZ\_
V.42bis
KlZg^Zjl k`Zlby ^Zgguo 9ELV jZajZ[hlZgguc &&,77 ZgZeh]bq_g 013 gh kl_i_gv
k`Zlbyijb_]hbkihevah\Zgbb ijbf_jghgZ\ur_WlhlklZg^Zjlg_kh\f_klbfk013
ghijZdlbq_kdb\h\k_ofh^_fZo9ELVij_^mkfhlj_gj_`bfjZ[hlu\klZg^Zjl_013
< aZ\bkbfhklb hl kihkh[Z k`Zlby ^Zgguo kdhjhklv i_j_^Zqb fh`_l m\_ebqblvky \ q_luj_
jZaZ Wlh qZklh klZgh\blky hkgh\hc êy g_q_klghc j_deZfu GZijbf_j gZ miZdh\d_ gZibkZgh
³fh^_f[blkóhlygZkZfhf^_e_wlhmkljhckl\hkhkdhjhklvxi_j_^Zqb[blkjZ
[hlZxs__\klZg^Zjl_9ELVblZdZyijhimkdgZykihkh[ghklvj_Zevgh^hklb`bfZlhevdh\lZ
dboj_^dbokemqZyodZdi_j_^ZqZl_dklh\uonZceh\dhlhju_fh`ghkms_kl\_gghk`Zlv:gZ
eh]bqghijhba\h^bl_eb fh^_fh\9ELV[blkj_deZfbjmxl k\hbmkljhckl\ZdZdfh^_fu
kijhimkdghckihkh[ghklvx^hD[blkg_]h\hjyijbwlhfgbkeh\Zhk`Zlbb^Zgguo
H^gbf ba ij_bfms_kl\ klZg^ZjlZ 9ELV i_j_^ 013 y\ey_lky lh qlh \ g_f kgZqZeZ
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Òàáëèöà 18.2. Ñðàâíåíèå âíåøíèõ è âíóòðåííèõ ìîäåìîâ
Ñâîéñòâî Âíåøíèé ìîäåì Âíóòðåííèé ìîäåì
Âñòðîåííàÿ ìèêðîñõåìà Íåò (èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ìèêðîñõåìà Åñòü (äëÿ ìîäåëåé ñî ñêîðîñòÿìè

UART 16550 èëè áîëåå UART ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîãî ïîðòà 14,4 Êáèò/ñ è âûøå)
íîâàÿ êîìïüþòåðà èëè ïîðò USB)
Öåíà Âûøå Íèæå
Äîïîëíèòåëüíîå îáîðó- Êàáåëü èíòåðôåéñà RS-232 èëè Íèêàêîãî
äîâàíèå êàáåëü USB
Ïðîñòîòà ïåðåìåùåíèÿ Ëåãêî: îòñîåäèíèòå êàáåëè è Ñëîæíî: íåîáõîäèìî ñíÿòü êðûøêó
íà äðóãîé êîìïüþòåð âñå! (äëÿ ìîäåìîâ USB íà äðóãîì êîðïóñà, âûíóòü ïëàòó ìîäåìà,
êîìïüþòåðå íåîáõîäèìî íàëè÷èå ñíÿòü êðûøêó êîðïóñà äðóãîãî
ïîðòà USB) êîìïüþòåðà è óñòàíîâèòü ïëàòó
Ïèòàíèå Ñîáñòâåííûé áëîê ïèòàíèÿ Áëîê ïèòàíèÿ êîìïüþòåðà
Ñáðîñ â ñëó÷àå çàâèñàíèÿ Âûêëþ÷èòå, à çàòåì âêëþ÷èòå Ïåðåçàãðóçèòå êîìïüþòåð
ìîäåìà ìîäåì
Êîíòðîëü îïåðàöèé Ïðîñòîé: âíåøíèå ñâåòîâûå èí- Ñëîæíûé, åñëè êîììóíèêàöèîííûì
äèêàòîðû ïðîãðàììíûì îáåñïå÷åíèåì íå
èìèòèðóþòñÿ ñèãíàëû èíäèêàòîðîâ
Èíòåðôåéñ Â áîëüøèíñòâå ñëó÷àåâ ïîðò RS- Îáû÷íî ISA, íî äëÿ ëó÷øåé ðàáîòû ñ
232, õîòÿ íà ðûíêå óæå ïîÿâè- íîâûìè êîìïüþòåðàìè ìíîãèå ìî-
ëèñü ìîäåìû USB. Íåñêîëüêî ëåò äåëè ïîñòàâëÿþòñÿ ñ èíòåðôåéñîì
íàçàä áûëè âûïóùåíû ìîäåìû, PCI. Òàêèå ìîäåëè áóäóò èñïîëüçî-
ïîäêëþ÷àþùèåñÿ ÷åðåç ïàðàë- âàòüñÿ â êîìïüþòåðàõ â áóäóùåì, à
ëåëüíûé ïîðò êîìïüþòåðà, íî òàê ðàçúåìû ISA áóäóò â íèõ îòñóòñòâî-
è íå ñòàâøèå ïîïóëÿðíûìè âàòü. ×òîáû èçáåæàòü êîíôëèêòîâ
èç-çà ñîâìåñòíîãî èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ
ïðåðûâàíèé IRQ è àäðåñîâ ââîäà-
âûâîäà, ýòè ïðåðûâàíèÿ è àäðåñà
ïîðòîâ COM3, COM4 è COM1,
COM2 íå äîëæíû ñîâïàäàòü
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Ïîëîñà ïðîïóñêàíèÿ ñåòè CATV

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Áåçîïàñíîñòü â ñåòè CATV

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Ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü ñåòè CATV

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DirecPC äîñòóï ê Internet

ñ ïîìîùüþ ñïóòíèêà
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^_gbybebm\Zkm`__klvkimlgbdh\ZyZgl_ggZ'LUHF3&fh`_lklZlvm^Zqguf\u[hjhf
Ïðèíöèï ðàáîòû DirecPC

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UHF3& iha\hey_l lhevdh aZ]jm`Zlv ^Zggu_ kh kdhjhklvx D[blk K ihfhsvx h[uqgh]h
DirecPC äîñòóï ê Internet ñ ïîìîùüþ ñïóòíèêà 749

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jbk
Jbk :HEkljZgbpu ]jZnbdZ b nZceu aZijZrb\Zxlky k ihfhsvx fh^_fZ

;eZ]h^Zjykimlgbdh\hck\yab^Zggu_aZ]jm`ZxlkykhkdhjhklvxD[blk
Òðåáîâàíèÿ DirecPC
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eyxlkyZkbff_ljbqgufb l_^Zggu_aZ]jm`Zxlky[uklj__q_fhlijZ\eyxlky
Ðåàëüíàÿ ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü
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iZd_l ^he`_g ijhclb imlv ba a_feb \ dhkfhk b h[jZlgh < j_amevlZl_ \uiheg_gb_ dhfZgû
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j_amevlZlu'LUHF3&k^jm]bfb\b^Zfbkh_^bg_gbyijb\_^_gugZjbk

JbkFZdkbfZevgZykdhjhklv'LUHF3&D[blk^hklb]Z_lkylhevdhijb
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lb]Zxlky\³emqr_fkemqZ_´
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alt.satellite.direcpc
Ñðåäñòâî äîñòóïà DSL

Gh\_crbfkj_^kl\hf[ukljh]h^hklmiZd,QWHUQHWy\ey_lky['6/ 'LJLWDO 6XEVFULEHU /LQH
[²\_jkby'6/Mkem]b'6/ij_^hklZ\eyxlky l_e_nhggufb dhfiZgbyfbdhlhju_bkihev
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'6/aZbkdexq_gb_f kZfuo[ukljuob^hjh]bo'6/ijbf_gy_lkylZf]^_g_\hafh`gh bk
ihevah\ZlvdZ[_evgucfh^_fblj_[m_lky[he__[ukljuc\b^kh_^bg_gbyq_f,6'1
Ijbbkihevah\Zgbb dZ[_evgh]hfh^_fZrbjbgZihehkuijhimkdZgbymf_gvrZ_lky\aZ\b
kbfhklbhldhebq_kl\Zh^gh\j_f_ggh ih^dexqb\rboky ihevah\Zl_e_c Zwlhijb\h^bldkgb
`_gbxkdhjhklbi_j_^Zqb^ZgguoIj_bfms_kl\h '6/aZdexqZ_lky\lhfqlhbo ihevah\Z
l_eyfh[wlhffh`ghg_[_kihdhblvky ihkdhevdmrbjbgZihehkuijhimkdZgby'6/hklZ_lky
g_baf_gghc
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$'6/$V\PPHWULFDO'6/Bkihevam_lky qZs_\k_]hKdhjhklv\oh^ysboihlhdh\^Zg
guo ijb bkihevah\Zgbb $'6/ agZqbl_evgh [hevr_ kdhjhklb bkoh^ysbo H^gZdh êy
[hevrbgkl\Z ihevah\Zl_e_c wlh g_ ijh[e_fZ ihkdhevdm d ,QWHUQHW h[uqgh ih^dexqZ
xlkyêylh]hqlh[uaZ]jm`Zlv:HEkljZgbpubnZceuIjbwlhffZdkbfZevgZy kdh
jhklv \oh^ysbo ^Zgguo khklZ\ey_l F[blk Z bkoh^ysbo² D[blk Nbjfu
ijhba\h^ysb_ ih^dexq_gb_ d$'6/ij_êZ]Zxl jZagu_gZ[hjumkem]kf_gvr_ckdh
jhklvx i_j_^Zqb ^Zgguo aZ [he__ gbadmx p_gm >ey i_j_^Zqb j_qb \u^_ey_lky g_
[hevrZy qZklv ihehku ijhimkdZgby wlh iha\hey_l bkihevah\Zlv lm `_ ebgbx qlh b
êyi_j_^Zqb^Zgguo<kjZ\g_gbb k g_dhlhjufb ^jm]bfb \b^Zfb '6/ ih^dexq_gb_
ebgbb$'6/klhbl^hjh`_
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khkdhjhklvxF[blkjZajZ[hlZgnbjfhc5RFNZHOO²ijhba\h^bl_e_f gZ[hjh\fbd
jhko_fêyfh^_fh\
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'6/ êy dhlhjh]h kdhjhklv \oh^ys_]h ihlhdZ ^Zgguo gZoh^blky \ ij_^_eZo ±
F[blkZkdhjhklvbkoh^ys_]hihlhdZ²\ij_^_eZo±D[blk
Ñðåäñòâî äîñòóïà DSL 751

KjZ\g_gb_\b^h\'6/ijb\_^_gh\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 18.3. Ïàðàìåòðû ðàçëè÷íûõ âèäîâ DSL
Âèä Îïèñàíèå Ñêîðîñòü Ìàêñèìàëüíîå Ïðèìåíåíèå
ïðèåìà/ïåðåäà÷è ðàññòîÿíèå
äàííûõ
IDSL ISDN Digital Sub- 128 Êáèò/ñ 5 486 ì ïðè èñïîëü- Ýòîò âèä ïîõîæ íà
scriber Line çîâàíèè 24-æèëüíîãî ISDN BRI, íî èñ-
êàáåëÿ ïîëüçóåòñÿ òîëüêî
äëÿ ïåðåäà÷è äàí-
íûõ (íå ïîçâîëÿåò
îäíîâðåìåííî ïå-
ðåäàâàòü ðå÷ü)
CDSL Consumer DSL, 1 Ìáèò/ñ èëè 5 486 ì ïðè èñïîëü- Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ
ðàçðàáîòàíà ôèð- ìåíüøå çîâàíèè 24-æèëüíîãî äîìà èëè íåáîëü-
ìîé Rockwell êàáåëÿ øèõ ôèðì, îòñóò-
ñòâóåò ðàçäåëèòåëü
DSL Lite DSL áåç ðàçäåëè- 1,5446 Ìáèò/ñ â 5 486 ì ïðè èñïîëü- Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ òàê
(òî æå, òåëÿ è truck roll çàâèñèìîñòè îò çîâàíèè 24-æèëüíîãî æå, êàê ADSL, íå
÷òî è âèäà óñëóã êàáåëÿ òðåáóåò óñòàíîâêè
G.Lite) ðàçäåëèòåëÿ
G.Lite (òî DSL áåç ðàçäåëè- 1,5446 Ìáèò/ñ â 5 486 ì ïðè èñïîëü- Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ òàê
æå, ÷òî è òåëÿ è truck roll çàâèñèìîñòè îò çîâàíèè 24-æèëüíîãî æå, êàê ADSL, íå
DSL Lite) âèäà óñëóã êàáåëÿ òðåáóåò óñòàíîâêè
ðàçäåëèòåëÿ
HDSL High bit-rate Digital 1,544 Ìáèò/ñ â 3 567 ì ïðè èñïîëü- Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ
Subscriber Line îáå ñòîðîíû ïðè çîâàíèè 24-æèëüíîãî ñîåäèíåíèÿ òèïà
èñïîëüçîâàíèè êàáåëÿ T-1/E1 èëè ñîåäè-
äâóõ âèòûõ ïàð; íåíèé âíóòðè êîì-
2,048 Ìáèò/ñ â ïàíèè; äëÿ äîñòóïà
îáå ñòîðîíû ïðè ê ãëîáàëüíîé è ëî-
èñïîëüçîâàíèè êàëüíîé ñåòè èëè
òðåõ âèòûõ ïàð ñåðâåðó
SDSL Single-line DSL 1,544 Ìáèò/ñ â 3 567 ì ïðè èñïîëü- Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ òàê
îáå ñòîðîíû çîâàíèè 24-æèëüíîãî æå, êàê HDSL, ñ
(ÑØÀ è Êàíàäà) êàáåëÿ ïðèìåíåíèåì òîëüêî
2,048 Ìáèò/ñ â îäíîé âèòîé ïàðû
îáå ñòîðîíû
(Åâðîïà)
ADSL Asymmetric DSL 1,5446,1 Ìáèò/ñ 5 486 ì ïðè ñêîðîñòè Äëÿ äîñòóïà ê óäà-
/ 16640 Êáèò/ñ ïåðåäà÷è äàííûõ ëåííûì ëîêàëüíûì
1,544 Ìáèò/ñ; 4 877 ì ñåòÿì, Internet,
ïðè ñêîðîñòè Web, ³âèäåî ïî
2,048 Ìáèò/ñ; 3 567 ì òðåáîâàíèþ´
ïðè ñêîðîñòè
6,312 Ìáèò/ñ
9000 ôóòîâ ïðè ñêî-
ðîñòè 8,448 Ìáèò/ñ
RADSL Rate-Adaptive DSL Àäàïòèðîâàííàÿ ê Äàííûå íå ïðèâîäÿò- Àíàëîãè÷íî ADSL
ëèíèè 640 Êáèò/ñ ñÿ
2,2 Ìáèò/ñ/
272 Êáèò/ñ
1,088 Ìáèò/ñ

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Âèä Îïèñàíèå Ñêîðîñòü Ìàêñèìàëüíîå Ïðèìåíåíèå
ïðèåìà/ïåðåäà÷è ðàññòîÿíèå
äàííûõ
UDSL Uni-directional Íåèçâåñòíî Íåèçâåñòíî Àíàëîãè÷íî HDSL

DSL, ïðåäëàãàåòñÿ
îäíîé èç åâðîïåé-
ñêèõ êîìïàíèé
VDSL Very high DSL 1,652,8 Ìáèò/ñ/ 1 372 ì ïðè ñêîðîñòè Ñåòè ATM
1,52,3 Ìáèò/ñ 12,96 Ìáèò/ñ; 914 ì
25,82 Ìáèò/ñ; 304 ì
51,84 Ìáèò/ñ
Ñðàâíåíèå âûñîêîñêîðîñòíûõ
ñðåäñòâ äîñòóïà ê Internet
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dZ[_evguofh^_fh\fh`ghih^kqblZlvkj_^gxxklhbfhklvF[blk
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Êàê îòêëþ÷èòü ïîðò COM 2

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Êîìïüþòåðîì íå îáíàðóæèâàåòñÿ âíåøíèé

ìîäåì
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Êîìïüþòåð (9-êîíòàêòíûé ðàçúåì) Ìîäåì (25-êîíòàêòíûé ðàçúåì)
3 TX data 2
2 RX data 3
7 RTS 4
8 CTS 5
6 DSR 6
5 Îáùèé 7
1 CXR 8
4 DTR 20
9 RI 22
2. M[_^bl_kv \ bkijZ\ghklb &20ihjlZ d dhlhjhfm ih^dexq_g \Zr fh^_f >ey wlh]h

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Ãëàâà 19
Ëîêàëüíàÿ ñåòü
Ëîêàëüíûå ñåòè 760
Ïàêåòíàÿ è êîììóòèðóåìàÿ ïåðåäà÷à 763
Ìîäåëü OSI 763
Êîìïîíåíòû ëîêàëüíîé ñåòè 766
Ïðîòîêîëû êàíàëüíîãî óðîâíÿ 778
Âûñîêîñêîðîñòíûå òåõíîëîãèè 780
Ñîçäàíèå îäíîðàíãîâîé ñåòè 783
Ïðîãðàììíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå ñåòåâîãî êëèåíòà 784
Ïðîòîêîë TCP/IP 786
Ïðÿìîå êàáåëüíîå ñîåäèíåíèå 788
Âîçìîæíûå ïðîáëåìû ñåòåâîãî ïðîãðàììíîãî
îáåñïå÷åíèÿ è èõ ðåøåíèå 790
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Êëèåíò/ñåðâåð èëè îäíîðàíãîâàÿ ñåòü

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760 Ëîêàëüíàÿ ñåòü

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Ëîêàëüíûå ñåòè 761

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Òàáëèöà 19.1. Ñðàâíåíèå îäíîðàíãîâîé ñåòè è ñåòè êëèåíò/ñåðâåð
Ýëåìåíò Ñåòü êëèåíò/ñåðâåð Îäíîðàíãîâàÿ ñåòü
Êîíòðîëü äîñòóïà Ðåàëèçóåòñÿ ñ ïîìîùüþ ñïèñêà Ðåàëèçóåòñÿ ñ ïîìîùüþ ñïèñêà

ðàçðåøåíèé ïîëüçîâàòåëåé/ãðóïï; ïàðîëåé êàæäîãî ðåñóðñà; äëÿ
îäèí ïàðîëü îáåñïå÷èâàåò äîñòóï äîñòóïà ê êàæäîìó ðåñóðñó íå-
ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ òîëüêî ê òåì ðåñóð- îáõîäèì îòäåëüíûé ïàðîëü; äîñ-
ñàì, êîòîðûå îïðåäåëåíû â ñïèñêå òóï ïî òèïó âñå èëè íè÷åãî;
äîñòóïà; ïîëüçîâàòåëü ìîæåò èìåòü íåò öåíòðàëèçîâàííîãî ñïèñêà
íåñêîëüêî óðîâíåé äîñòóïà ïîëüçîâàòåëåé
Áåçîïàñíîñòü Âûñîêàÿ, ïîñêîëüêó äîñòóï îñóùå- Íèçêàÿ, ïîñêîëüêó, óçíàâ ïà-
ñòâëÿåòñÿ íà óðîâíå ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ ðîëü, ëþáîé ñìîæåò ïîëó÷èòü
èëè ãðóïïû äîñòóï ê ñîâìåñòíî èñïîëüçóå-
ìûì ðåñóðñàì
Ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü Âûñîêàÿ, ïîñêîëüêó â ñåðâåðå èñ- Íèçêàÿ, ïîñêîëüêó ñåðâåð ÷àñòî
ïîëüçóåòñÿ ñàìîå ñîâðåìåííîå è âûñòóïàåò â ðîëè ðàáî÷åé ñòàíöèè
âûñîêîïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîå àïïàðàò-
íîå îáåñïå÷åíèå
Ñòîèìîñòü îáîðóäîâàíèÿ Âûñîêàÿ èç-çà ñïåöèàëüíîãî àïïà- Íèçêàÿ, ïîñêîëüêó ðàáî÷àÿ
ðàòíîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ, óñòàíàâëè- ñòàíöèÿ ìîæåò ñòàíîâèòüñÿ ñåð-
âàåìîãî íà ñåðâåð âåðîì, ïðåäîñòàâëÿÿ â ñîâìåñò-
íîå èñïîëüçîâàíèå ñîáñòâåííûå
ðåñóðñû
Ñòîèìîñòü ïðîãðàììíîãî ×àñòî ëèöåíçèÿ íà ðàáî÷óþ ñòàí- Áåñïëàòíîå, âñå êëèåíòñêîå ïðî-
îáåñïå÷åíèÿ öèþ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ÷àñòüþ ëèöåíçèè ñå- ãðàììíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå âêëþ÷à-
òåâîé îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìû åòñÿ â ïîñòàâêó îïåðàöèîííûõ
(Windows NT è Windows 2000 ñèñòåì Windows 9x, Windows NT
Server, Novell NetWare) Workstation è Windows 2000
Professional
Ðåçåðâíîå êîïèðîâàíèå Öåíòðàëèçîâàííîå, ïîñêîëüêó äàí- Ðåøàåò ïîëüçîâàòåëü; îáû÷íî
íûå õðàíÿòñÿ íà ñåðâåðå; ìîæíî äëÿ êàæäîé ðàáî÷åé ñòàíöèè èñ-
èñïîëüçîâàòü ñàìûå ñîâðåìåííûå ïîëüçóåòñÿ ñîáñòâåííîå óñòðîé-
óñòðîéñòâà äëÿ ðåçåðâíîãî êîïèðî- ñòâî äëÿ ðåçåðâíîãî êîïèðîâà-
âàíèÿ äàííûõ íèÿ äàííûõ
Èçáûòî÷íîñòü Äâîéíîå ýëåêòðîïèòàíèå; âîçìîæ- Íå îáëàäàåò òàêèìè âîçìîæíîñòÿ-
íîñòü ãîðÿ÷åãî ïîäêëþ÷åíèÿ óñò- ìè; ñáîè â ñèñòåìå íåîáõîäèìî
ðîéñòâ; îáû÷íî ñåðâåð àâòîìàòè÷å- óñòðàíÿòü âðó÷íóþ; âûñîêà âåðî-
ñêè ïîäêëþ÷àåò ðåçåðâíûå óñòðîé- ÿòíîñòü ïîòåðè âàæíûõ äàííûõ
ñòâà ïî ìåðå íåîáõîäèìîñòè
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Ïàêåòíàÿ è êîììóòèðóåìàÿ ïåðåäà÷à 763

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^Zgguo
Ìîäåëü OSI 765

Ihke_lh]hdZdgZ\_jog_fmjh\g_ijbgbfZ_lkyj_r_gb_hi_j_^Zq_khh[s_gbybebnZc
eZhghi_j_^Z_lkygZkj_^gbcmjh\_gvêyihke_^mxs_c i_j_^Zqb^jm]hfmdhfivxl_jm\k_
lbGZkj_^g_fmjh\g_wlhkhh[s_gb_³miZdh\u\Z_lky \dhg\_jl´l_\g_]h^h[Z\eyxlkyaZ
]heh\hd b aZdexq_gb_ GZ gb`g_f mjh\g_ wlhl ³dhg\_jl´ \deZû\Z_lky \ _s_ h^bg
³dhg\_jl´ b \ lZdhf \b^_ khh[s_gb_ i_j_^Z_lky \ k_lv GZ ijb_fghf dhgp_ k_l_\Zy ijh
]jZffZdZd[ujZki_qZlu\Z_l \g_rgbc³dhg\_jl´bi_j_^Z_lj_amevlZlkj_^g_fmmjh\gxgZ
dhlhjhfkhh[s_gb_hk\h[h`^Z_lky hlhq_j_^gh]h³dhg\_jlZ´l_i_jvwlhlhqgZydhibyi_j_
^Zggh]hbihklmiZ_lgZ\_jogbcmjh\_gvijhlhdheZdhfivxl_jZihemqZl_eyjbk
JbkI_j_^ZqZ^Zgguof_`^m^\mfydhfivxl_jZfb
Êîìïîíåíòû ëîêàëüíîé ñåòè

<wlhfjZa^_e_jZkkfZljb\Zxlky dhfihg_gluehdZevghck_lbg_h[oh^bfu_ êykha^Zgby
h[hbo lbih\ k_lb² h^ghjZg]h\hc beb deb_glk_j\_j Dhfivxl_ju \oh^ysb_ \ ehdZevgmx
k_lv fh`gh jZa^_eblv gZ ^\Z \b^Z jZ[hqb_ klZgpbb gZ dhlhjuo jZ[hlZxl ihevah\Zl_eb b
nZcek_j\_ju dhlhju_ h[uqgh jZkiheZ]Zxlky \ hl^_evghc dhfgZl_ beb hlk_d_ JZ[hqZy
klZgpby h[kem`b\Z_l lhevdh kb^ys_]h i_j_^ g_c hi_jZlhjZ \ lh \j_fy dZd j_kmjku nZce
k_j\_jh\ ^hklmigu \k_f ihevah\Zl_eyf k_lb Ijb kha^Zgbb h^ghjZg]h\hc k_lb g_h[oh^bfh
ijbh[j_lZlv [he__ ijhba\h^bl_evgu_ dhfivxl_ju ihkdhevdm hgb \uklmiZxl \ jheb k_j\_
jh\bjZ[hqboklZgpbc
Ðàáî÷èå ñòàíöèè
Dhgnb]mjZpbx jZ[hq_c klZgpbb g_h[oh^bfh \u[bjZlv bkoh^y ba mklZgh\e_gghc hi_jZ
pbhgghc kbkl_fu >ey ghjfZevgh]h nmgdpbhgbjh\Zgby jZ[hq_c klZgpbb k hi_jZpbhgghc
kbkl_fhc'26b:LQGRZVog_h[oh^bfh fbgbfmfF[Zclhi_jZlb\ghciZfylbêyjZ[h
qbo klZgpbc k :LQGRZVo g_h[oh^bfh ±F[Zcl hi_jZlb\ghc iZfylb Z êy
:LQGRZV17² fbgbfmf F[Zcl _keb `_ ij_îheZ]Z_lky i_j_oh^ gZ hi_jZpbhggmx kbk
l_fm :LQGRZV lh F[Zcl IjZdlbq_kdb \k_ ijhba\h^bl_eb mklZgZ\eb\Zxl lm beb
bgmxhi_jZpbhggmx kbkl_fmgZk\hbdhfivxl_jub]ZjZglbjmxl qlhj_kmjkh\dhfivxl_jZ
[m^_l^hklZlhqghêy__ghjfZevghcjZ[hluLbibkihevam_fh]h dhjimkZgZebqb_Zdmklbq_

kdhckbkl_fugZdhibl_ey&'520b^jm]h]hZiiZjZlgh]h h[_ki_q_gbyhij_^_eyxlky bkoh
^ybaaZ^Zqdhlhju_g_h[oh^bfhj_rZlvkihfhsvx^ZgghcjZ[hq_cklZgpbb
Ôàéë-ñåðâåðû
<k_jZ[hqb_klZgpbbh^ghjZg]h\uo k_l_cfh]mlnmgdpbhgbjh\Zlv dZdnZcek_j\_ju[eZ
]h^Zjyq_fmex[h_ih^dexq_ggh_ dklZgpbbmkljhckl\h fh`_l ijbf_gylvky ex[uf ihevah
\Zl_e_fk_lb
NZcek_j\_j \ k_lyo deb_glk_j\_j² wlh dhfivxl_j dhlhjuc h[kem`b\Z_l \k_ jZ[hqb_
klZgpbb ij_^hklZ\eyy êy gbo k\h_ ^bkdh\h_ ijhkljZgkl\h H[uqgh k_j\_jZfb y\eyxlky
dhfivxl_juihkljh_ggu_ gZklZjrbofh^_eyoijhp_kkhjh\3HQWLXP,, ;HRQ beb 3HQWLXP,,,
;HRQbf_xsb_g_f_gvr_F[ZcliZfylb<[hevrbgkl\_ k_j\_jh\dZdijZ\behmklZgZ\
eb\Zxlkyg_^hjh]b_fhgblhjubdeZ\bZlmjuqlhk\yaZghkfZehbgl_gkb\guf bkihevah\Zgb
_fdhgkhebk_j\_jZK_j\_juh[uqghg_lj_[mxlihklhyggh]h gZ[ex^_gbybh[kem`b\Zgby
qlh`_dZkZ_lky^bkdh\h]hijhkljZgkl\Z lhihqlbgZ\k_ok_j\_jZomklZgh\e_gh^bgbebg_
kdhevdh[ukljh^_ckl\mxsbo `_kldbo^bkdh\[hevrhc_fdhklb
DZq_kl\hnZcek_j\_jh\^he`gh[ulvhq_gv\ukhdbflZddZdh[kem`b\Zy\kxk_lvhgb
\uihegyxlgZfgh]h[hevr_jZ[hluq_fh[uqgZyjZ[hqZyklZgpby
Ïðîöåññîð ôàéë-ñåðâåðà
Ijhp_kkhj nZcek_j\_jZ mdZau\Z_l `_kldhfm ^bkdm dZdb_ ^Zggu_ khojZgblv Z dZdb_ ba
\e_qv>Z`__keb\\Zr_cehdZevghck_lbjZ[hlZxl\k_]hg_kdhevdhihevah\Zl_e_cbjZkrbj_
gby__g_ij_^\b^blkylhp_e_khh[jZag__ \eh`blvkj_^kl\Z\nZcek_j\_jk[ukljufijhp_kkh
jhf3HQWLXP,,;HRQbeb3HQWLXP,,,;HRQbf_xsbf^hklZlhqguch[t_fiZfylb
<nmgdpbbijhp_kkhjZ\oh^bl\uiheg_gb_dhfZg^dhlhju_hgihemqZ_lhlaZimkdZ_fh]h
ihevah\Zl_e_f ijh]jZffgh]h h[_ki_q_gbyIhgylghqlhhlkdhjhklbjZ[hlu ijhp_kkhjZ aZ
\bkblkdhjhklv\uiheg_gbylh]hbebbgh]hijbeh`_gbyl_ijh]jZffZbk_l_\Zyhi_jZpbhg
gZykbkl_fZ[m^mljZ[hlZlv[uklj__gZdhfivxl_j_k[he__[ukljufijhp_kkhjhf
IjZdlbq_kdb\k_k_l_\u_hi_jZpbhggu_ kbkl_fuih^^_j`b\Zxl fmevlbijhp_kkhjgmx h[jZ
[hldmIjbihdmid_k_j\_jZh[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_gZfgh]hijhp_kkhjgu_ qZs_\k_]h^\moijhp_k
khjgu_ k_j\_ju LZdhc k_j\_j h[_ki_qb\Z_l [hevrmx ijhba\h^bl_evghklv b hldZahmklhcqb
\hklv²ijb\uoh^_bakljhyh^gh]hijhp_kkhjZhklZevgu_[m^mlijh^he`ZlvjZ[hlZlv
Ïàìÿòü ôàéë-ñåðâåðà
K_l_\Zy hi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ dZd b ex[h_ ^jm]h_ ijbeh`_gb_ aZ]jm`Z_lky \ iZfylv
dhfivxl_jZ_kl_kl\_ggh h[t_fiZfylb^he`_g[ulv^hklZlhqguf <h^ghjZg]h\hc k_lbg_
h[oh^bfh_dhebq_kl\h iZfylb hij_^_ey_lky lj_[h\Zgbyfb bkihevam_fuo gZ klZgpbb ijbeh
`_gbcghêywnn_dlb\ghc jZ[hlu\ehdZevghck_lbk\u^_e_gguf k_j\_jhfh[t_f_]hiZ
fylb ^he`_g [ulv jZ\guf F[Zcl beb [hevr_ >ey jZ[hlu :LQGRZVo \ h^ghjZg]h\hc
kj_^_g_h[oh^bfhfbgbfmfF[ZcliZfylbêyjZ[hlu:LQGRZV17²_s_[hevr_
Æåñòêèé äèñê ôàéë-ñåðâåðà

@_kldbc ^bkd² h^bg ba kZfuo \Z`guo dhfihg_glh\ nZcek_j\_jZ bkihevam_fuc êy
ojZg_gbynZceh\jZaebqguoihevah\Zl_e_c ehdZevghck_lb<hkgh\ghfhlgZ^_`ghklbkdh
jhklb ^hklmiZ b \f_klbfhklb `_kldh]h ^bkdZ aZ\bkbl fh`gh eb wnn_dlb\gh bkihevah\Zlv
j_kmjkuk_lbGZb[hevrbf h]jZgbq_gb_f gZijhba\h^bl_evghklv \kj_^gboehdZevguok_lyo
y\ey_lky\j_fy^hklmiZd`_kldhfm^bkdmk_j\_jZZkZfucjZkijhkljZg_gguc ih\h^êyg_
^h\hevkl\Zihevah\Zl_e_c wlbo`_k_l_c²g_o\ZldZk\h[h^gh]hijhkljZgkl\Z gZwlhf^bkd_
< gZklhys__ \j_fy ijZdlbq_kdb \k_ k_j\_ju hkgZsZxlky 6&6,^bkdZfb 8OWUD :LGH
6&6, G_kfhljy gZ kms_kl\_ggh_ jZaebqb_ \ p_gZo f_`^m ,'( (,'( b 6&6,^bkdZfb

ij_îhqlbl_evg__ bkihevah\Zlv \lhjhclbimkljhckl\>eyh^ghjZg]h\hc k_lb\iheg_ih^hc
^ml,'(^bkdb
?fdhklvbijhba\h^bl_evghklv `_kldh]h^bkdZ^he`gu[ulv^hklZlhqgufb êydhfnhjl
ghcjZ[hluihevah\Zl_e_c <g_dhlhjuokemqZyoemqr_bkihevah\Zlv ^_\ylv^bkdh\_fdhklvx
=[Zcl\f_klhh^gh]h^bkdZ_fdhklvx=[Zcl
<kh\j_f_gguo k_j\_jZo^h\hevghqZklhbkihevam_lkyfZkkb\`_kldbo^bkdh\êyojZg_
gbybj_a_j\gh]hdhibjh\Zgby ^ZgguoHggZau\Z_lkykbkl_fhc5$,'5HGXQGDQW$UUD\RI,Q
H[SHQVLYH 'LVNV² ^hihegbl_evguc fZkkb\ g_^hjh]bo ^bkdh\ Kbkl_fZ 5$,' ^himkdZ_l
³]hjyqmxáZf_gmmkljhckl\
<gZklhys__\j_fykms_kl\m_lg_kdhevdhmjh\g_ckbkl_fu 5$,' b lhevdh 5$,' ih^
^_j`b\Z_lky [hevrbgkl\hf k_l_\uo hi_jZpbhgguo kbkl_f < lZ[e ijb\_^_gZ kjZ\gb
l_evgZyoZjZdl_jbklbdZjZaebqguomjh\g_ckbkl_fu5$,'
Òàáëèöà 19.2. Ñðàâíèòåëüíàÿ õàðàêòåðèñòèêà ðàçëè÷íûõ óðîâíåé
ñèñòåìû RAID
Óðîâåíü Ñâîéñòâà Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ
0 Äàííûå çàïèñûâàþòñÿ ïàðàëëåëüíî íà Ñîçäàåòñÿ îäíî ëîãè÷åñêîå óñòðîéñòâî èç íå-

íåñêîëüêî äèñêîâ; èçáûòî÷íîñòü íå ñêîëüêèõ; íå îáëàäàåò âîçìîæíîñòÿìè âîññòà-
îáåñïå÷èâàåòñÿ íîâëåíèÿ äàííûõ; ÷àùå âñåãî ïðèìåíÿåòñÿ ïðè
ñîçäàíèè è ðåäàêòèðîâàíèè ãðàôè÷åñêèõ èçî-
áðàæåíèé è âèäåîäàííûõ
1 Ñóùåñòâóåò äóáëèðîâàíèå äàííûõ; äàí- Ìîæíî ðåàëèçîâàòü êàê íà IDE-, òàê è íà SCSI-
íûå çàïèñûâàþòñÿ íà îäèí äèñê, à çà- äèñêàõ; íåîáõîäèì ñïåöèàëüíûé àäàïòåð;
òåì äóáëèðóþòñÿ íà âòîðîé ìîæíî ðåàëèçîâàòü êàê íà ñåðâåðå, òàê è íà
ðàáî÷åé ñòàíöèè
2 Êàæäûé áèò äàííûõ ñîõðàíÿåòñÿ íà 32 Äîâîëüíî äîðîãîå ðåøåíèå; ÷àùå âñåãî ïðè-
óñòðîéñòâàõ, à èíôîðìàöèÿ î ÷åòíîñòè ìåíÿåòñÿ â ñåðâåðàõ óðîâíÿ ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ
õðàíèòñÿ íà ñåìè óñòðîéñòâàõ
3 Äàííûå ñîõðàíÿþòñÿ íà íåñêîëüêèõ Äîâîëüíî ïîïóëÿðíîå è îòíîñèòåëüíî íåäîðî-
äèñêàõ; èíôîðìàöèÿ î ÷åòíîñòè õðà- ãîå ðåøåíèå; íåîáõîäèìî èñïîëüçîâàòü ìèíè-
íèòñÿ íà âûäåëåííîì óñòðîéñòâå; ðåà- ìóì òðè óñòðîéñòâà
ëèçîâàí íà óðîâíå áèòà äàííûõ
4 Äàííûå ñîõðàíÿþòñÿ íà íåñêîëüêèõ Ìàëîðàñïðîñòðàíåííîå ðåøåíèå â ñåðâåðàõ
äèñêàõ; èíôîðìàöèÿ î ÷åòíîñòè õðà- PC; íèçêàÿ ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòü
íèòñÿ íà âûäåëåííîì óñòðîéñòâå; ðåà-
ëèçîâàí íà óðîâíå áëîêà äàííûõ
5 Äàííûå ñ êîððåêöèåé îøèáîê ñîõðà- Íàèáîëåå ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíûé óðîâåíü RAID;
íÿþòñÿ íà âñåõ óñòðîéñòâàõ ìàññèâà; äîïóñêàåò ãîðÿ÷óþ çàìåíó óñòðîéñòâ; íåîá-
êîíêóðåíòíîå ÷òåíèå/çàïèñü õîäèìî ìèíèìóì òðè óñòðîéñòâà
< ihke_^g__ \j_fy klZgh\ylky ihimeyjgufb fZkkb\u gZdhibl_e_c &'520 LZdhc fZk
kb\ ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc g_kdhevdh \ukhdhijhba\h^bl_evguo gZdhibl_e_c &'520 ihf_
s_gguo\h^bgdhjimk
Áëîê ïèòàíèÿ ñåðâåðà

<Z`ghklv[ehdZiblZgbynZcek_j\_jZqZklhg_^hhp_gb\Zxl \lh\j_fydZdijb_]hg_bk
ijZ\ghklbgZjmrZ_lkyjZ[hlZ\k_omaeh\nZcek_j\_jZIjbihdmid_k_j\_jZg_aZ[m^vl_ijb
h[j_klbbklhqgbd[_ki_j_[hcgh]h iblZgbybih^dexqblvdg_fmk_j\_j

Êëàâèàòóðà, ìîíèòîð è ìûøü
DeZ\bZlmjZfhgblhjbfurvg_hlghkylkydkZfuf\Z`gufqZklyfnZcek_j\_jZohly[u
ihlhfm qlh hgb bkihevamxlky g_ lZd qZklh dZd bo ³kh[jZlvy´ mklZgh\e_ggu_ gZ jZ[hqbo
klZgpbyoFh`ghh[hclbkv^_r_\ufbdeZ\bZlmjhcfhgblhjhfbfurvxg_hlebqZxsbfbky
\ukhdbfdZq_kl\hf\_^vh[uqghk_j\_jfh`_l\l_q_gb_hq_gv^he]h]h\j_f_gbjZ[hlZlv[_a
\f_rZl_evkl\Z ihevah\Zl_ey Dh]^Z k_j\_j jZ[hlZ_l ³kZf ih k_[_´ fhgblhj fh`gh ijhklh
\udexqblv
Ïëàòà ñåòåâîãî àäàïòåðà

K_l_\u_ Z^Zil_ju mklZgZ\eb\Zxlky \ jZat_fu dZ`^hc jZ[hq_c klZgpbb b k_j\_jZ
G_dhlhju_ kh\j_f_ggu_ dhfivxl_ju \uimkdZxlky k k_l_\uf ZiiZjZlguf h[_ki_q_gb_f
\kljh_gguf \ kbkl_fgmx ieZlm ohly [hevrbgkl\h k_l_\uo Z^fbgbkljZlhjh\ ij_îhqblZxl
\u[bjZlv k_l_\hc Z^Zil_j kZfb Q_j_a k_l_\hc Z^Zil_j jZ[hqZy klZgpby ihkueZ_l aZijhk
k_j\_jmbq_j_ag_]h`_ihemqZ_laZijhr_gguc nZceI_j_^ZqZaZijhkh\bihemq_gb_hl\_lh\
\ ehdZevghc k_lb wd\b\Ze_glgu kqblu\Zgbx b aZibkb nZceh\ gZ \kljh_gguc `_kldbc ^bkd
dhfivxl_jZ?keb`_\ujy^h\hcihevah\Zl_ev lhkqblu\Zgb_baZibkvnZceh\² wlhebrv
aZ]jmadZbkhojZg_gb_j_amevlZlh\\Zr_cjZ[hluIjZdlbq_kdb \k_ieZluk_l_\uoZ^Zil_jh\
\u]ey^ylijbf_jghlZd`_dZdgZjbk
JbkK_l_\hcZ^Zil_j
<k_k_l_\u_Z^Zil_jubkihevamxl hij_^_e_gguc ijhlhdhe(WKHUQHW7RNHQ5LQJ$5&QHW

beb dZdhceb[h ^jm]hc ijhlhdhe gbadh]h mjh\gy >ey dZ`^h]h ba wlbo ijhlhdheh\ fh`gh
gZclbZ^Zil_judhlhju_jZ[hlZxlemqr_^jm]boK_l_\hcZ^Zil_jfh`_l[ukljhh[jZ[Zlu
\Zlvkhh[s_gby[eZ]h^Zjyeb[h[hevrhfmh[t_fm\kljh_gghciZfylb eb[h gZebqbx kh[kl
\_ggh]h fbdjhijhp_kkhjZ eb[h bkihevah\Zgbx rbgu 3&, \f_klh ,6$ ijb wlhf kdhjhklv
h[f_gZ^Zggufbf_`^mijhp_kkhjhf bZ^Zil_jhfagZqbl_evgh\hajZklZ_l
<lZ[eijb\_^_guoZjZdl_jbklbdb hkgh\guolbih\k_l_\uoijhlhdheh\

Òàáëèöà19.3. Äàííûå îá îñíîâíûõ òèïàõ ñåòåâûõ ïðîòîêîëîâ
Òèï ñåòè Ñêîðîñòü, Ìàêñèìàëüíîå Òèï êàáåëÿ Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ
Ìáèò/ñ êîëè÷åñòâî ñòàíöèé
ARCnet 2,5 255 RG-62 êîàêñèàëüíûé Ïðàêòè÷åñêè íå èñ-

UTP/Type 1 STP ïîëüçóåòñÿ; ïðèìå-
íÿëñÿ äëÿ çàìåíû IBM
3270
Ethernet 10 Íà ñåãìåíò: UTP Cat 3 (10BaseT), Â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ
10BaseT 2, Thicknet (êîàêñèàëüíûé; âûòåñíÿåòñÿ Fast Eth-
10Base2 30, 10Base5), Thinnet (RG-58 ernet; ìîæíî ïîäêëþ-
10Base5 100, êîàêñèàëüíûé; 10Base2), ÷àòü ê Fast Ethernet ñ
10BaseFL 2 âîëîêîííî-îïòè÷åñêèé ïîìîùüþ äâóõñêîðî-
(10BaseF) ñòíûõ óñòðîéñòâ
Fast 100 Íà ñåãìåíò: 2 UTP Cat 3 Ìîæíî ïîäêëþ÷àòü ê
Ethernet Ethernet ñ ïîìîùüþ
äâóõñêîðîñòíûõ êîí-
öåíòðàòîðîâ, ïåðå-
êëþ÷àòåëåé è ìàð-
øðóòèçàòîðîâ
Token Ring 4 èëè 16 72 (UTP), 250260 UTP, Type 1 STP, âîëî- Íåîáõîäèìî äîâîëüíî
(Type 1 STP) êîííî-îïòè÷åñêèé äîðîãîå îáîðóäîâà-
íèå; â îñíîâíîì èñ-
ïîëüçóåòñÿ â ìýéí-
ôðåéìàõ IBM
<Z^Zil_ju(WKHUQHWb7RNHQ5LQJijhba\h^bl_eb aZibku\Zxl mgbdZevgucZiiZjZlgucZ^

j_k dhlhjuc bkihevam_lky êy b^_glbnbdZpbb kbkl_f \ k_lb IZd_l [m^_l ^hklZ\e_g ih gZ
agZq_gbx ihkdhevdm \ _]h aZ]heh\hd ihf_sZ_lky ZiiZjZlguc Z^j_k i_j_^Zxs_c b ijbgb
fZ_fhckbkl_fu
Òèï øèíû
<gZklhys__\j_fygZb[he__jZkijhkljZg_gZ jZajy^gZyrbgZ3&,Z\gh\uofh^_eyo²
jZajy^gZyLbirbgufh`ghmagZlvbal_ogbq_kdhc^hdmf_glZpbb gZkbkl_fgmxieZlm
?kl_kl\_gghgZk_j\_j_emqr_mklZgZ\eb\Zlv [ukljh^_ckl\mxsbc bfgh]hnmgdpbhgZe v
guck_l_\hcZ^Zil_j h^gZdh ijb wlhf `_eZl_evgh m[_^blvky qlh hg kh\f_klbf k k_l_\ufb
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Òàáëèöà 19.5. Ìîíòàæ âèòîé ïàðû è ðàçúåìà RJ-45
Öâåò ïðîâîäà Êîíòàêò ðàçúåìà Íàçíà÷åíèå
Áåëûé/ãîëóáîé è ãîëóáîé Áåëûé/ãîëóáîé #5 Äàííûå

ãîëóáîé #4
Áåëûé/îðàíæåâûé è îðàíæåâûé Áåëûé/îðàíæåâûé #1 Äàííûå
îðàíæåâûé #2
Áåëûé/çåëåíûé è çåëåíûé Áåëûé/çåëåíûé #3 Íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ
çåëåíûé #6
Áåëûé/êîðè÷íåâûé è êîðè÷íåâûé Áåëûé/êîðè÷íåâûé #7 Íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ
êîðè÷íåâûé #8
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Âûáîð êàáåëÿ äëÿ ñåòè

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kdhjhklvxi_j_^Zqb^hF[blk
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Âíèìàíèå!
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jZ\ghZdwdjZgbjh\Zgghc 673²

Òàáëèöà 19.6. Îãðàíè÷åíèÿ äëèíû ñîåäèíèòåëüíûõ êàáåëåé
Ñåòåâîé àäàïòåð Òèï êàáåëÿ Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ äëèíà, ì Ìèíèìàëüíàÿ äëèíà, ì
Ethernet Òîíêèé 185 0,5

Òîëñòûé (îòâîä) 50 2,5
Òîëñòûé (îñíîâíîé) 500 2,5
UTP 100 2,5
Token Ring STP 100 2,5
UTP 45 2,5
ARCnet (ïàññèâíûé 120 Çàâèñèò îò êàáåëÿ
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ARCnet (àêòèâíûé êîí- 600 Çàâèñèò îò êàáåëÿ
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Òàáëèöà 19.8. Ìèíèìàëüíûé íàáîð ñåòåâîãî ïðîãðàììíîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ äëÿ
ñîçäàíèÿ îäíîðàíãîâîé ñåòè
Ýëåìåíò Ðàáî÷àÿ ñòàíöèÿ Ñåðâåð
Ñåòåâîé êëèåíò Windows Äà Íåò

Ïðîòîêîë NetBEUI Äà Äà
Ñëóæáà äîñòóïà ê ôàéëàì è ïðèíòåðàì ñåòåé Microsoft Íåò Äà
Óñòàíîâêà ñåòåâîãî àäàïòåðà è ïðèâÿçêà ê îäíîìó èç ïðîòîêîëîâ èëè Äà Äà
ñëóæá
Èäåíòèôèêàöèÿ ðàáî÷åé ãðóïïû (îäíà äëÿ âñåõ PC â ðàáî÷åé ãðóïïå) Äà Äà
Èìÿ êîìïüþòåðà (äëÿ êàæäîãî êîìïüþòåðà â ñåòè èìÿ äîëæíî áûòü Äà Äà
óíèêàëüíûì)
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Ñîçäàíèå ñîâìåñòíî èñïîëüçóåìûõ ðåñóðñîâ

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Ðåñóðñ Êîëè÷åñòâî ïàðîëåé Íåîáõîäèìîñòü âòîðîãî ïàðîëÿ
Íàêîïèòåëü CD-ROM Îäèí

Ïàïêà \MSOffice Äâà Îäèí äëÿ ïîëíîãî äîñòóïà è îäèí äëÿ äîñòóïà
³òîëüêî ÷òåíèå´
Ïàïêà \Photoshop Äâà Îäèí äëÿ ïîëíîãî äîñòóïà è îäèí äëÿ äîñòóïà
³òîëüêî ÷òåíèå´
Ëàçåðíûé ïðèíòåð Îäèí
Ñòðóéíûé ïðèíòåð Îäèí
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Òàáëèöà 19.9. Ðàñïîëîæåíèå âûâîäîâ íóëü-ìîäåìíîãî ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîãî

êàáåëÿ
PC 1 Âûâîäû 9-êîíòàêò- Âûâîäû 25-êîí- Âûâîäû 25-êîíòàêò- Âûâîäû 9-êîí- PC 2
íîãî ðàçúåìà òàêòíîãî ðàçúåìà íîãî ðàçúåìà òàêòíîãî
ðàçúåìà
TD 3 2 mo 3 2 RD
RD 2 3 mo 2 3 TD
SG 5 7 mo 7 5 SG

Òàáëèöà 19.10. Ðàñïîëîæåíèå âûâîäîâ íóëü-ìîäåìíîãî ïàðàëëåëüíîãî
êàáåëÿ
PC 1 PC 2
2 mo 15
15 mo 2
3 mo 13
13 mo 3
4 mo 12
12 mo 4
5 mo 10
10 mo 5
6 mo 11
11 mo 6
25 mo 25
Ïðîãðàììíîå îáåñïå÷åíèå äëÿ êàáåëüíîãî

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Ïðèìåíåíèå çâóêîâûõ ïëàò 792
Çâóêîâûå ïëàòû: îñíîâíûå ïîíÿòèÿ è òåðìèíû 802
Êîìïîíåíòû àóäèîñèñòåìû 805
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Óñòàíîâêà çâóêîâîé ïëàòû 809
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Àêóñòè÷åñêèå ñèñòåìû 815
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3. Ïîäêëþ÷èòå âûõîäíîé ðàçúåì ðàäèîïðèåìíèêà ê ëèíåéíîìó âõîäó çâóêîâîé ïëàòû.
4. Ïîäêëþ÷èòå ëèíåéíûé âûõîä çâóêîâîé ïëàòû ê ëèíåéíîìó âõîäó ñòåðåîñèñòåìû.
5. Âêëþ÷èòå ðàäèîïðèåìíèê, íàñòðîéòå åãî íà êàêóþ-íèáóäü ñòàíöèþ, è óñòàíîâèòå
ñðåäíèé óðîâåíü ãðîìêîñòè.
6. Âêëþ÷èòå ïîäà÷ó ñèãíàëîâ îò äàííîãî ðàçúåìà.
7. Ìåäëåííî íàñòðîéòå óðîâåíü ñèãíàëà íà ëèíåéíîì âõîäå, à òàêæå ñ ïîìîùüþ áåãóíêîâ
â ïðîãðàììå äëÿ ìèêøåðà óñòàíîâèòå ïðèìåðíî ñðåäíèé óðîâåíü ãðîìêîñòè çâóêà.
8. Îòêëþ÷àÿ, à çàòåì ïîâòîðíî âêëþ÷àÿ ïîäà÷ó ñèãíàëîâ ïðè íàëàäêå âûõîäíîãî ñèãíàëà
çâóêîâîé ïëàòû, äîáåéòåñü, ÷òîáû óðîâåíü ãðîìêîñòè çâóêà áûë òîò æå, íåçàâèñèìî îò
ïîäà÷è ñèãíàëîâ íà äàííûé ðàçúåì.
9. Íà÷íèòå ïðîèãðûâàíèå .wav -ôàéëà.
10. Ìåäëåííî ïåðåìåùàÿ áåãóíîê ãðîìêîñòè â ïðèëîæåíèè ìèêøåðà çâóêîâîé ïëàòû,
ïîäáåðèòå äëÿ ïðîèãðûâàíèÿ .wav -ôàéëà íåîáõîäèìûé óðîâåíü ãðîìêîñòè (íåìíîãî
ãðîì÷å èëè íåìíîãî òèøå, ÷åì îò ðàäèîïðèåìíèêà).
tÌÕÌÖáÊàÒÔÍÌØÌ×Ñ¿ÝÈØáÎÊ¿²ÏÔØ²ÔÒÕáãØÌÖÈ Ï ÖÈËÏÔÕÖÏÌÒÓÏ²È ÜÌÖÌÎ È²¿×ØÏÜÌ×²¿ã ×Ï×å
ØÌÒ¿×ØÌÖÌÔÒÈÓÏØÔÑà
Äèàãíîñòèêà íåèñïðàâíîñòåé
çâóêîâûõ ïëàò
< ijhp_kk_ nmgdpbhgbjh\Zgby a\mdh\Zy ieZlZ bkihevam_l ke_^mxsb_ j_kmjku ghf_j
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jhckl\Zfb;hevrbgkl\h ieZlm^h\e_l\hjy_l klZg^Zjlm3OXJDQG3OD\gh\k_`_\g_dhlhjuo
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Àïïàðàòíûå êîíôëèêòû
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jmxlkbkl_fudhgnb]mjZpbb biulZxlkygZclbj_kmjku_s_g_bkihevam_fu_ ^jm]bfbmkl
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djhcl_hdgh Ñâîéñòâà: Ñèñòåìà :iiZjZlgu_dhgnebdlufh]ml\hagbdZlvkex[ufbieZ
lZfb²dZd,6$lZdbgh\ufb3&,
< lZ[e ijb\_^_gu mklZgZ\eb\Z_fu_ ih mfheqZgbx j_kmjku dhlhju_ bkihevamxlky
dhfihg_glZfb klZg^Zjlguo a\mdh\uoieZl6RXQG%ODVWHU
Òàáëèöà 20.2. Ðàñïðåäåëåíèå ðåñóðñîâ Sound Blaster 16
Óñòðîéñòâî Ïðåðûâàíèå Ïîðò ââîäà-âûâîäà 16-ðàçðÿäíûé DMA 8-ðàçðÿäíûé DMA
Àóäèî IRQ 5 220h233h 5 1

MIDI-ïîðò 330h331h
×àñòîòíûé 388h38Bh
ñèíòåçàòîð
Èãðîâîé ïîðò 200h207h
<k_wlbj_kmjkubkihevamxlkyebrvh^ghca\mdh\hcieZlhcmklZgh\e_gghc \\Zr_ckbkl_
f_G_m^b\bl_evghqlhkdhgnebdlZfbbijh[e_fZfbijbmklZgh\d_a\mdh\uoieZlklZedb\Z_l
kylZdfgh]hihevah\Zl_e_cGZkZfhf^_e_mkljZgblvdhgnebdlug_lZdljm^gh;hevrbgkl\h
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Ðàçðåøåíèå êîíôëèêòîâ ðåñóðñîâ

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Ðàçðåøåíèå àïïàðàòíûõ êîíôëèêòîâ
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Äðóãèå íåèñïðàâíîñòè çâóêîâûõ ïëàò

Kbfilhfug_bkijZ\ghkl_c jZaebqguoa\mdh\uoieZlbf_xlfgh]hh[s_]hJZah[jZlvky\
gbob\uykgblvijbqbguijh[e_f\Zfihfh]mlkh\_luijb\_^_ggu_gb`_
Îòñóòñòâèå çâóêà
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M[_^bl_kvqlha\mdh\ZyieZlZgZkljh_gZijZ\bevghbijb\hagbdgh\_gbb dhgnebdlZk
^jm]bfbmkljhckl\Zfb mklZgh\bl_g_h[oh^bfu_iZjZf_lju
Ijh\_jvl_ ih^dexq_gZ eb Zdmklbq_kdZy kbkl_fZ d ebg_cghfm \uoh^m beb d ]g_a^m
ihf_q_gghfm 6SHDNHU
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\bevghklvih^dexq_gby bklhqgbdZiblZgby
Ijh\_jvl_ ijZ\bevgh eb gZkljh_g ijh]jZffguc fbdr_j MijZ\e_gb_ fgh]bfb a\mdh
\ufbieZlZfbhkms_kl\ey_lky ijh]jZffhcfbdr_jhfkihfhsvxdhlhjhcfh`ghmklZ
gh\blv g_h[oh^bfu_ iZjZf_lju kb]gZeh\ ihklmiZxsbo hl jZaebqguo bklhqgbdh\ gZ
ijbf_j hl fbdjhnhgZ beb ijhb]ju\Zl_ey dhfiZdl^bkdh\ MijZ\eylv fh`gh dZd aZib
kvxlZdb\hkijhba\_^_gb_f <j_`bf_\hkijhba\_^_gby m\_ebqvl_h[smx]jhfdhklv
<hkihevamcl_kv mklZgh\hqghc beb ^bZ]ghklbq_kdhc ijh]jZffhc a\mdh\hc ieZlu b
ijh\_jvl_ ijZ\bevghklv j_]mebjh\db ]jhfdhklb < lZdb_ ijh]jZffu h[uqgh \oh^yl
l_klh\u_h[jZapu\hkijhba\h^bfuoa\mdh\
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&WUO$OW'HO!iha\heblmkljZgblvijh[e_fm

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dZgZe'0$bZ^j_kihjlZ\\h^Z\u\h^Zbeb[ueZkh\f_klbfZk6RXQG%ODVWHU
Ðàáîòàåò òîëüêî îäèí çâóêîâîé êàíàë

<wlhfkemqZ_g_h[oh^bfhm[_^blvky\ke_^mxs_f
IjZ\bevgucebdZ[_evbjZat_fubkihevamxlky
G_kf_s_geb[ZeZgk\fbdr_j_\klhjhgmh^gh]hdZgZeZ
JZ[hlhkihkh[gZ ebZdmklbq_kdZy kbkl_fZ
Ñëàáàÿ ãðîìêîñòü
?keba\mdkebrdhflbobc\uykgbl_ke_^mxs__
DlhfmebjZat_fmih^dexq_gZZdmklbq_kdZy kbkl_fZ
IjZ\bevghebgZkljh_gfbdr_jHlj_]mebjmcl_ ]jhfdhklv\fbdr_j_
G_mklZgh\e_gebkebrdhfgbadbcbkoh^gucmjh\_gv]jhfdhklb
>hklZlhqghebfhsghklbmkbebl_e_ca\mdh\hcieZluêyjZ[hluZdmklbq_kdhc kbkl_
fuIhijh[mcl_bkihevah\Zlv ^jm]mxZdmklbq_kdmx kbkl_fmbebkl_j_hmkbebl_ev
Òðåñê â àêóñòè÷åñêèõ ñèñòåìàõ

Lj_kdfh`_l[ulv\ua\ZgjZaebqgufbijbqbgZfb<i_j\mxhq_j_^vijh\_jvl_ke_^mxs__
G_jZkiheh`_gZ eba\mdh\ZyieZlZkebrdhf[ebadhd^jm]bfieZlZfKboklhjhgugZ
a\mdh\mx ieZlm fh]ml \ha^_ckl\h\Zlv we_dljbq_kdb_ ihf_ob I_j_klZ\vl_ a\mdh\mx
ieZlm\jZat_ffZdkbfZevgh m^Ze_gguchl^jm]boieZl
G_ jZkiheh`_gZ eb Zdmklbq_kdZy kbkl_fZ kebrdhf [ebadh d fhgblhjm GZ g__ fh]ml
\ha^_ckl\h\Zlv ihf_obkhklhjhgufhgblhjZHlh^\bgvl___ih^Zevr_
G_dmibebeb\u^_r_\mxa\mdh\mxieZlmkqZklhlgufkbgl_ahf;hevrbgkl\h ieZl
bkihevamxsbo qZklhlgucZg_lZ[ebqgh\hegh\hcf_lh^]_g_jZpbba\mdZbf_xlg_
dZq_kl\_gguc \uoh^ghc kb]gZe G_dhlhju_ ihevah\Zl_eb kqblZxl qlh bo ieZlZ ih
\j_`^_gZ\lh\j_fydZdex[Zy^_r_\Zya\mdh\ZyieZlZkqZklhlgufkbgl_ahfg_\kh
klhygbb]_g_jbjh\Zlv dZq_kl\_gguc a\md?keb\uklhedgmebkvklZdhcijh[e_fhclh
ijbh[j_lbl_\^h[Z\hdd\Zr_ca\mdh\hcieZl_^hq_jgxxieZlmklZ[ebqgh\hegh\uf
kbgl_ahfblh]^Z\uiheghklvxhsmlbl_ij_\hkoh^kl\h \ukhdhdZq_kl\_ggh]h a\mdZ
Êîìïüþòåð íå çàïóñêàåòñÿ
Wlhfh`_lhagZqZlvqlhieZlZ\klZ\e_gZ\jZat_fg_iheghklvx<udexqbl_dhfivxl_jb
hklhjh`ghgZ^Z\bl_gZieZlmqlh[uhgZ\klZeZgZf_klh
Îøèáêè ÷åòíîñòè è íåóñòîé÷èâàÿ ðàáîòà ïðîãðàìì

Dhfivxl_j fh`_l \u\_klb khh[s_gb_ h[ hrb[d_ q_lghklb beb ijhklh aZ\bkgmlv ?keb
a\mdh\ZyieZlZbdZdh_eb[h^jm]h_mkljhckl\hbkihevamxl h^gbbl_`_j_kmjkuebgbbij_
ju\ZgbydZgZeuijyfh]h^hklmiZdiZfylbihjlu\\h^Z\u\h^Zlh\hagbdZxlhrb[dbq_l
ghklbbdhfivxl_jaZ\bkZ_l>eylh]hqlh[uwlh]hg_ijhbkoh^beh gm`ghdhjj_dlghjZkij_
^_eblv j_kmjku f_`^m \k_fb mkljhckl\Zfb kbkl_fu Emqr_ \k_]h khojZgblv \k_ iZjZf_lju
a\mdh\hc ieZlu Z baf_g_gby \ghkblv \ mkljhckl\h k dhlhjuf ijhbkoh^bl dhgnebdl >ey
wlh]hbamqbl_l_ogbq_kdmx ^hdmf_glZpbxbhij_^_ebl_qlhbdZdgm`ghk^_eZlv
Íåèñïðàâíîñòè äæîéñòèêà
?keb^`hcklbdg_jZ[hlZ_l\uykgbl_ke_^mxs__
G_bkihevam_l_eb\u^\Zb]jh\uoihjlZ?keb\dhfivxl_j_m`_mklZgh\e_gb]jh\hc
ihjllhkgbffh`_ldhgnebdlh\Zlv ihjl^`hcklbdZa\mdh\hcieZlu>eymkljZg_gby
dhgnebdlZ hldexqbl_ h^bg ba gbo Fgh]b_ Z^Zil_ju \\h^Z\u\h^Z 3&kh\f_klbfuo
dhfivxl_jh\ bf_xlke_^mxsmxhkh[_gghklvijbmklZgh\d_a\mdh\hcieZlub]jh\hc
ihjljZkiheh`_gguc gZwlboZ^Zil_jZoZ\lhfZlbq_kdb hldexqZ_lky
G_kebrdhfeb³[ukljuc´m\Zkdhfivxl_jG_dhlhju_[ukljh^_ckl\mxsb_ dhfivx
l_ju iehoh jZ[hlZxl k ^_r_\ufb b]jh\ufb ihjlZfb GZijbf_j \ jZa]Zj [bl\u \u
fh`_l_ g_h`b^Zggh ³i_j_\_jgmlvky \\_jo gh]Zfb´ beb ijhklh ihl_jylv mijZ\e_gb_
qlh y\ey_lky ijbagZdhf g_khhl\_lkl\by b]jh\h]h ihjlZ ;hevrbgkl\h \kljh_gguo \
a\mdh\mxieZlmb]jh\uoihjlh\jZ[hlZ_lemqr_q_flZdb_`_ihjlujZkiheh`_ggu_
gZ ieZlZo \\h^Z\u\h^Z Kms_kl\mxl Z^Zil_ju b]jh\uo ihjlh\ dhlhju_ ij_djZkgh
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Ìèêðîôîíû 817

Ãëàâà 21
Áëîêè ïèòàíèÿ
è êîðïóñà
Âàæíîñòü áëîêà ïèòàíèÿ 820
Íàçíà÷åíèå è ïðèíöèïû ðàáîòû áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ 820
Êîíñòðóêòèâíûå ðàçìåðû áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ 822
Ðàçúåìû áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ 828
Íàãðóçêà áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ 835
Ìîùíîñòü áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ 836
Ïàðàìåòðû áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ 838
Ðàñ÷åò ïîòðåáëÿåìîé ìîùíîñòè 840
Âûêëþ÷àòü èëè ïóñòü ðàáîòàåò? 843
Óïðàâëåíèå ïèòàíèåì 844
Ïðîáëåìû, ñâÿçàííûå ñ áëîêàìè ïèòàíèÿ 847
Ðåìîíò áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ 851
Çàìåíà áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ 851
Çàùèòíûå óñòðîéñòâà â ñåòè ïèòàíèÿ 852
Áàòàðåè RTC/NVRAM 856
Ðîëü áëîêà ïèòàíèÿ
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820 Áëîêè ïèòàíèÿ è êîðïóñà

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Òàáëèöà 21.1. Ñòàíäàðòíûå ðàçúåìû áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ PC/XT è AT
Ðàçúåì Ìîäåëü AT Ìîäåëü PC/XT
P8-1 Power_Good (+5 Â) Power_Good (+5 Â)

P8-2 +5 Â Êëþ÷ (íå ïîäêëþ÷åí)
P8-3 +12 Â +12 Â
P8-4 -12 Â -12 Â
P8-5 Îáùèé (0) Îáùèé (0)
P9-3 -5 Â -5 Â
P9-4 +5 Â +5 Â
P9-5 +5 Â +5 Â
P9-6 +5 Â +5 Â
P10-1 +12 Â +12 Â
P10-4 +5 Â +5 Â
P11-1 +12 Â +12 Â
P11-4 +5 Â +5 Â
P12-1 +12 Â
P12-2 Îáùèé (0)
P12-4 +5 Â
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Òàáëèöà 21.2. Ðàçúåì áëîêà ïèòàíèÿ ATX

Öâåò Ñèãíàë Êîíòàêò Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë Öâåò
Îðàíæåâûé 3,3 Â* 11 1 3,3 Â* Îðàíæåâûé
Ñèíèé -12 Â 12 2 3,3 Â* Îðàíæåâûé
×åðíûé Îáùèé 13 3 Îáùèé ×åðíûé
Çåëåíûé PS_On 14 4 +5 Â Êðàñíûé
×åðíûé Îáùèé 16 6 +5 Â Êðàñíûé
Áåëûé -5 Â 18 8 Power_Good Ñåðûé
Êðàñíûé +5 Â 19 9 5v_Stby Ðîçîâûé
Êðàñíûé +5 Â 20 10 +12 Â Æåëòûé
G_h[yaZl_evguckb]gZe
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Íåîáÿçàòåëüíûé ðàçúåì ïèòàíèÿ ATX

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Òàáëèöà 21.3. Íåîáÿçàòåëüíûé ðàçúåì èñòî÷íèêà ïèòàíèÿ ATX

Êîíòàêò Ñèãíàë Öâåò
1 FanM Áåëûé
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3 +3,3 Â Êîðè÷íåâûé
5 1394 Ñåðûé
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Òàáëèöà 21.6. Ïàðàìåòðû ñòàíäàðòíûõ áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ ôèðìû IBM
PC Port-PC XT XT-286 AT
Ìèíèìàëüíîå íàïðÿæåíèå ñåòè, Â 104 90 90 90 90

Ìàêñèìàëüíîå íàïðÿæåíèå ñåòè, Â 127 137 137 137 137
Âîçìîæíîñòü óíèâåðñàëüíîãî ïèòàíèÿ, 110/220 Â Íåò Åñòü Íåò Åñòü Åñòü
Âûõîäíûå òîêè îò èñòî÷íèêîâ, À
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+12 Â 2,0 4,4 4,2 4,2 7,3
-12 Â 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,3
Âû÷èñëåííàÿ âûõîäíàÿ ìîùíîñòü, Âò 63,5 113,3 129,9 154,9 191,7
Ïàñïîðòíàÿ âûõîäíàÿ ìîùíîñòü, Âò 63,5 114,0 130,0 157,0 192,0
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Òàáëèöà 21.7. Òèïè÷íûå ïàðàìåòðû ñîâìåñòèìûõ áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ
Âûõîäíàÿ ìîùíîñòü, Âò
100 150 200 250 300 375 450

Âûõîäíûå òîêè îò èñòî÷íèêîâ, À
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12 Â 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,5 1,0 0,5 1,0
Âû÷èñëåííàÿ âûõîäíàÿ ìîùíîñòü, Âò 97,1 146,1 201,1 253,5 297,0 339,5 419,5
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Òàáëèöà 21.8. Òèïè÷íûå ïàðàìåòðû áëîêîâ ïèòàíèÿ ATX
Âûõîäíàÿ ìîùíîñòü, Âò
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Âûõîäíîé òîê, À
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Max +3,3/+5 Â 125 150 150 215
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Òèï øèíû Èñòî÷íèê +5 Â Èñòî÷íèê +12 Â Èñòî÷íèê +3,3 Â
ISA 2,0 0,175 Íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ

EISA 4,5 1,5 Íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ
VL-Bus 2,0 Íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ Íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ
16-ðàçðÿäíàÿ MCA 1,6 0,175 Íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ
32-ðàçðÿäíàÿ MCA 2,0 0,175 Íå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ
PCI 5,0 0,5 7,6
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ba ^\mo[md\_gguo fg_fhgbd b h^gh]h iZjZf_ljZ beb g_kdhevdbo hij_^_eyxs_]h
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Òàáëèöà 22.1. Âåðñèè ÿçûêà PCL ïðèíòåðîâ Hewlett Packard
Âåðñèÿ Äàòà Ìîäåëè Ïðåèìóùåñòâà
PCL 3 Ìàé 1984 LaserJet, LaserJet Plus Ïîëíîå ôîðìàòèðîâàíèå ñòðàíèöû; âåêòîðíàÿ
ãðàôèêà
PCL 4 Íîÿáðü 1985 LaserJet Series II Äîïîëíèòåëüíûå øðèôòû; çàãðóæàåìûå ìàêðî-
ñû; ïîääåðæêà ðàñòðîâûõ øðèôòîâ è ãðàôèêè
PCL 4e Ñåíòÿáðü 1989 LaserJet IIP raster IIP Ñæàòûå ðàñòðîâûå øðèôòû; èçîáðàæåíèÿ
Plus
PCL 5 Ìàðò 1990 LaserJet III, IIID, IIIP, Ìàñøòàáèðóåìûå øðèôòû; âåêòîðíûå øðèôòû;
IIIsi, HP-GL/2 âåêòîðíàÿ ãðàôèêà
PCL 5e Îêòÿáðü 1992 LaserJet 4, 4M, 4L, Ïîääåðæêà ðàçðåøåíèÿ 600 dpi; äâóíàïðàâëåí-
4ML, 4P, 4MP, 4 íûé îáìåí äàííûìè ìåæäó ïðèíòåðîì è êîìïü-
Plus, 4M Plus, 5P, þòåðîì; äîïîëíèòåëüíûå øðèôòû äëÿ Microsoft
5MP, 5L, 5L-SF, Windows
5Lxtra, 6L, 6Lxi, 6Lse,
6P, 6MP, 6Psi, 6Pse
PCL 5c Îêòÿáðü 1994 Color LaserJet, Color Ïîääåðæêà öâåòà
LaserJet 5, 5M
PCL 6 Àïðåëü 1996 LaserJet 5, 5se, La- Áûñòðàÿ ïå÷àòü ãðàôèêè è âîçâðàò óïðàâëåíèÿ
serJet 6, 6Pse, 6Psi, ïðèëîæåíèþ
6MP
PCL XL 1996 LaserJet 6P, 6MP Ðàñøèðåííûå êîìàíäû ïå÷àòè ãðàôèêè; ìíîãî-
ñòðàíè÷íàÿ ïå÷àòü íà îäíîì ëèñòå; ïå÷àòü âîäÿ-
íûõ çíàêîâ; ïå÷àòü ìàëûõ ðàçìåðîâ øðèôòîâ
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Òåðìè÷åñêèå ïðèíòåðû ñ íàíåñåíèåì âîñêà

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Âûáîð òèïà ïðèíòåðà

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Êàêîé ïðèíòåð?
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h^bgijbgl_jkhkdhjhklvxi_qZlbkljZgbp\fbgmlmbmklZgh\blv_]h\p_glj_hnbkZ"

Ìíîãîôóíêöèîíàëüíûå óñòðîéñòâà
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Ñêîðîñòü ïå÷àòè
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Óñòàíîâêà äðàéâåðîâ Windows 9õ

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Êîíôèãóðàöèÿ äðàéâåðà ïðèíòåðà â Windows 9õ

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Ãëàâà 23
Ïîðòàòèâíûå
êîìïüþòåðû
Ýâîëþöèÿ ïîðòàòèâíûõ êîìïüþòåðîâ 902
Êîíñòðóêöèè ïîðòàòèâíûõ ñèñòåì 902
Ðàçìåðû ïîðòàòèâíûõ ñèñòåì 903
Ìîäåðíèçàöèÿ è ðåìîíò ïîðòàòèâíûõ êîìïüþòåðîâ 905
Îáîðóäîâàíèå äëÿ ïîðòàòèâíûõ ñèñòåì 906
Êîìïüþòåðíàÿ ïåðèôåðèÿ 933
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Ðàçìåðû ïîðòàòèâíûõ ñèñòåì 903

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Ìîäåðíèçàöèÿ è ðåìîíò ïîðòàòèâíûõ
êîìïüþòåðîâ
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Òàáëèöà 23.1. Âîçìîæíîñòè îáíîâëåíèÿ êîìïîíåíòîâ ïîðòàòèâíûõ ñèñòåì
Êîìïîíåíò Âîçìîæíîñòü Èñòî÷íèê çàìåíû Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ
çàìåíû
Ïðîöåññîð Íåò* Íåèçâåñòåí Ìîæíî çàìåíèòü ìîäóëü ïðîöåññîðà è ñèñ-

òåìíîé ëîãèêè, íî âðÿä ëè ýòîò ïðîöåññ
çàìåíû ìîæíî íàçâàòü ìîäåðíèçàöèåé
Ïàìÿòü Äà Îðèãèíàëüíûé ïðî- Íå âñåãäà ìîäóëè ïàìÿòè âçàèìîçàìåíÿå-
èçâîäèòåëü è ñòî- ìû â ðàçëè÷íûõ ñèñòåìàõ; â áîëüøèíñòâå
ðîííèå ôèðìû ñèñòåì èìååòñÿ òîëüêî îäèí ñâîáîäíûé
ðàçúåì
Ìîäåðíèçàöèÿ è ðåìîíò ïîðòàòèâíûõ êîìïüþòåðîâ 905

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Êîìïîíåíò Âîçìîæíîñòü Èñòî÷íèê çàìåíû Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ
çàìåíû
Æåñòêèé äèñê Äà Îðèãèíàëüíûé ïðî- Äëÿ ñèñòåì, ïîñòðîåííûõ ïî ìîäóëüíîìó

èçâîäèòåëü è ñòî- ïðèíöèïó, çàìåíà æåñòêîãî äèñêà íå ïðåä-
ðîííèå ôèðìû ñòàâëÿåò ñëîæíîñòåé; äëÿ ïåðåíîñà äàííûõ
íà íîâûé æåñòêèé äèñê ðåêîìåíäóåòñÿ èñ-
ïîëüçîâàòü PC Card
Âèäåîàäàïòåð Íåò Íåèçâåñòåí Ïðèîáðåòàéòå ñèñòåìó, èìåþùóþ ìèíè-
ìóì 4 Ìáàéò âèäåîïàìÿòè; â íåêîòîðûå
âèäåîàäàïòåðû âñòðîåíû äåêîäåðû MPEG2,
ïðåäíàçíà÷åííûå äëÿ ïðîñìîòðà âèäåî ñ
ïîìîùüþ íàêîïèòåëÿ DVD
Äèñïëåé Íåò Íåèçâåñòåí Ïðèîáðåòàéòå àêòèâíî-ìàòðè÷íûé äèñïëåé
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Ïðîöåññîðû
<[hevrbgkl\_ kh\j_f_gguo dhfivxl_jh\ bkihevamxlky ijhp_kkhjunbjfu,QWHObihj
lZlb\gu_kbkl_fua^_kvg_bkdexq_gb_WlZdhfiZgbyZdlb\ghaZgbfZ_lkyjZajZ[hldhcfbd
jhko_f ki_pbZevgh ij_^gZagZq_gguo bf_ggh êy ihjlZlb\guo ID DZd lhevdh ihy\bebkv
i_j\u_ ijhp_kkhju 3HQWLXP b 3HQWLXP,,,,,&HOHURQ bo ih\ur_ggh_ l_ieh\u^_e_gb_ kjZam
ihjh^behjyîjh[e_f<gZklhevguodhfivxl_jZo fgh]h_aZ\bkblhldhgkljmdpbbdhjimkZ
KlhblmklZgh\blvg_kdhevdhhoeZ`^Zxsbo \_glbeylhjh\ bebl_iehhl\h^guc we_f_glgZkZ
fhf ijhp_kkhj_ [he__ m^Zqgh jZkiheh`blv \gmlj_ggb_ dhfihg_glu² b dhfivxl_j [m^_l
hoeZ`^Zlvkypbjdmebjmxsbfb \gmljbdhjimkZihlhdZfb\ha^moZ
IjZdlbq_kdb \k_ gh\u_ ihjlZlb\gu_ kbkl_fu kh^_j`Zl h^bg ba ijhp_kkhjh\ k_f_ckl\Z
3HQWLXP² 3HQWLXP 3HQWLXP 00; beb 3HQWLXP,,,,,&HOHURQ Fh[bevghc \_jkbb ijhp_kkhjZ
3HQWLXP 3UR g_ kms_kl\m_l Wlb ijhp_kkhju g_ hlebqZxlky k\hckl\Zfb b Zjobl_dlmjhc hl
k\hbo³iheghjZaf_jguo ´kh[jZlv_\gh\uiheg_gu\^jm]hfdhjimk_bjZ[hlZxlgZihgb`_g
ghfgZijy`_gbbiblZgbyDhjimkfh[bevgh]hijhp_kkhjZ^he`_gh[_ki_qb\Zlv kh_^bg_gb_b
aZsblm\oh^ysbo\g_]hwe_f_glh\ZlZd`_bgl_jn_ckêyih^dexq_gby dkbkl_fghcieZl_
Ìîáèëüíûé Pentium
Hkgh\gZy b^_y aZeh`_ggZy \ fh[bevgu_ ijhp_kkhju aZdexqZ_lky \ ke_^mxs_f fZdkb
fZevgh\hafh`gh_mf_gvr_gb_ jZaf_jh\iha\heyxs__ bkihevah\Zlv bogZihgb`_gghf gZ
ijy`_gbb iblZgby Fh[bevgu_ ijhp_kkhju 3HQWLXP F]p 00; b 3HQWLXP F=p
00;² i_j\u_ ijh^mdlu nbjfu ,QWHO \uiheg_ggu_ ih fbdjhgghc l_ogheh]bb dhlh
jZy \ gZklhys__ \j_fy bkihevam_lky êy ijhba\h^kl\Z ijhp_kkhjh\ 3HQWLXP,,,,,&HOHURQ
<ke_âZ\uimkdhfwlboijhp_kkhjh\nbjfZ,QWHO\uimklbeZijhp_kkhju3HQWLXP00;klZd
lh\ufbqZklhlZfb bF=pBf_ggh\uimkdfh[bevguoijhp_kkhjh\iha\hebeijhba
\h^bl_eyfihjlZlb\guodhfivxl_jh\ ij_êh`blvihevah\Zl_eyf kbkl_fug_mklmiZxsb_ ih
ijhba\h^bl_evghklb gZklhevgufdhfivxl_jZf
Ijbf_g_gb_ ijb ijhba\h^kl\_ fbdjhgghc l_ogheh]bb b l_ogheh]bb ihgb`_ggh]h
iblZgby 9ROWDJH 5HGXFWLRQ 7HFKQRORJ\² 957 iha\hebeh kgbablv gZijy`_gb_ iblZgby k
^h<^h<\ijhp_kkhj_kqZklhlhcF=pbbgl_jn_ckZ\\h^Z\u\h^Zk^h
< Ijbf_g_gb_ fbdjhgghc l_ogheh]bb ijhba\h^kl\Z iha\hey_l m\_ebqblv ijhba\h
^bl_evghklvijhp_kkhjh\gZijbihgb`_gbbihlj_[ey_fhc wg_j]bb^h^Zggu_ih
emq_gu ijb kjZ\g_gbb fh[bevgh]h ijhp_kkhjZ 3HQWLXP F=p 00; k ZgZeh]bqguf ijh
p_kkhjhf \uiheg_gguf ih fbdjhgghc l_ogheh]bb Kgb`_gb_ jZ[hq_]h gZijy`_gby
iha\hey_l mf_gvrblv ihlj_[ey_fmx fhsghklv ijhp_kkhjZ k <l fh[bevguc ijhp_kkhj
3HQWLXPF=p00;\uiheg_gguc ihfbdjhgghcl_ogheh]bb^h<lfh[bevguc
ijhp_kkhj3HQWLXPF=p00;qlhkhklZ\ey_l
,QWHO^hg_^Z\g_]h\j_f_gb\uimkdZeZ³h[uqgu_´g_00;ijhp_kkhju3HQWLXPklZdlh
\ufbqZklhlZfb bF=p<gbolZd`_bkihevam_lkyihgb`_ggh_gZijy
`_gb_iblZgby<gZklhys__\j_fywlbijhp_kkhjufh`gh\klj_lblv \ mklZj_\rbo fh^_eyo
ihjlZlb\guo dhfivxl_jh\
Ìîáèëüíûé Pentium II
Zij_ey]h^Z,QWHOZghgkbjh\ZeZ i_j\ucfh[bevgucijhp_kkhj3HQWLXP,,<ijhba
\h^kl\_wlboijhp_kkhjh\ijbf_gyeZkv fbdjhggZyl_ogheh]byZhgbbkihevah\Zeb lZd
lh\u_ qZklhlu b F=p JZ[hq__ gZijy`_gb_ wlbo ijhp_kkhjh\ b < qlh _s_
gb`_ q_f m bo kh[jZlv_\ fh[bevguo ijhp_kkhjh\ 3HQWLXP 00; Ijhp_kkhj 3HQWLXP,,
F=pihlj_[eyefhsghklv<lqlhijZdlbq_kdb\^\ZjZaZ[hevr_q_fmfh[bevgh]h
ijhp_kkhjZ 3HQWLXP F=p 00; <l Wlh m\_ebq_gb_ ihlj_[ey_fhc fhsghklb ijh
p_kkhjZ3HQWLXP,,h[tykgy_lkygZebqb_fbgl_]jbjh\Zggh]h dwrZ \lhjh]h mjh\gy GZ ijhly

`_gbb]h^Z,QWHObaf_gbeZf_lh^^hklmiZddwriZfylbiZfylb\lhjh]hmjh\gyfh[bev
gh]hijhp_kkhjZ3HQWLXP,,<hjb]bgZevghc fh^_ebfh[bevgh]hijhp_kkhjZ3HQWLXP,,mklZ
gZ\eb\Z_lky dwriZfylv h[t_fhf D[Zcl dhlhjZy jZ[hlZ_l gZ iheh\bg_ \gmlj_gg_c qZk
lhluijhp_kkhjZ\lh\j_fydZd\h[uqghcgZklhevghc\_jkbbijhp_kkhjZ3HQWLXP,,mklZ
gZ\eb\Z_lky dwriZfylv h[t_fhf D[Zcl dhlhjZy jZ[hlZ_l gZ lhc `_ qZklhl_ qlh b
ijhp_kkhj
<lZ[eijb\_^_gu^Zggu_fh[bevguoijhp_kkhjh\ k_f_ckl\Z3HQWLXP
Òàáëèöà 23.2. Ïàðàìåòðû ìîáèëüíûõ ïðîöåññîðîâ ñåìåéñòâà 3HQWLXP
ôèðìû Intel
Ïðîöåññîð ×àñòîòà, ÌÃö Òåõíîëîãèÿ Íàïðÿæåíèÿ Íàïðÿæåíèÿ
ïðîèçâîäñòâà, ìèêðîí ïèòàíèÿ, Â èíòåðôåéñà
ââîäà-âûâîäà, Â
Pentium 75 0,35 2,9 3,3

Pentium 100 0,35 2,9 3,3
Pentium 120 0,35 2,9 3,3
Pentium 133 0,35 2,9 3,3
Pentium 150 0,35 3,1 3,3
Pentium MMX 120 0,35 2,45 3,3
Pentium MMX 133 0,35 2,45 3,3
Pentium MMX 150 0,35 2,45 3,3
Pentium MMX 166 0,35 2,45 3,3
Pentium MMX 166 0,25 1,8 2,5
Pentium MMX 200 0,25 1,8 2,5
Pentium MMX 233 0,25 1,8 2,5
Pentium MMX 266 0,25 2,0 2,5
Pentium MMX 300 0,25 2,0 2,5
Pentium II 233 0,25 1,7 1,8
Pentium II 266 0,25 1,7 1,8
Pentium II 300 0,25 1,6
1,5*
Pentium II 333 0,25 1,6 1,5*
Pentium II 366 0,25 1,6
1,5*
Pentium II 400 0,25 1,6
1,5*
< êy ijhp_kkhjZ \ dhjimk_ fbgbdZjljb^` < êy ijhp_kkhjZ \ dhjimk_ %*$ %DOO
*ULG$UUD\
< lZ[e b i_j_qbke_gu \_jkbb b ghf_jZ baf_g_gbc \g_k_gguo \ ijhp_kkhju
3HQWLXPb3HQWLXP00;khhl\_lkl\_ggh

Òàáëèöà 23.3. Âåðñèè è íîìåðà èçìåíåíèé, âíåñåííûõ â ìîáèëüíûé
ïðîöåññîð Pentium ñåìåéñòâà P5
Òèï Ìîäåëü Íîìåð Èäåíòèôèêàòîð Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà Ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ Äîïîëíèòåëüíûå
èçìåíåíèÿ èçìåíåíèÿ ÿäðà-øèíû, ÌÃö ñâåäåíèÿ
0 2 1 B1 75-50 Q0601 TCP

0 2 2 B3 75-50 Q0606 TCP
0 2 2 B3 75-50 SX951 TCP
0/2 2 4 B5 75-50 Q0704 TCP
0 2 4 B5 75-50 SX975 TCP
0 2 5 C2 75-50 Q0725 TCP
0 2 5 C2 75-50 SK079 TCP
0 2 5 mA1 75-50 Q0686 VRT, TCP
0 2 5 mA1 75-50 Q0689 VRT
0 2 5 mA1 90-60 Q0694 VRT, TCP
0 2 5 mA1 90-60 Q0695 VRT
0 2 5 mA1 75-50 SK089 VRT, TCP
0 2 5 mA1 75-50 SK091 VRT
0 2 5 mA1 90-60 SK090 VRT, TCP
0 2 5 mA1 90-60 SK092 VRT
0 2 B mcB1 100-66 Q0884 VRT, TCP
0 2 B mcB1 120-60 Q0779 VRT, TCP
0 2 B mcB1 120-60 Q0808
0 2 B mcB1 100-66 SY029 VRT, TCP
0 2 B mcB1 120-60 SK113 VRT, TCP
0 2 B mcB1 120-60 SK118 VRT, TCP
0 2 B mcB1 120-60 SX999
0 7 0 mA4 75-50 Q0848 VRT, TCP
0 7 0 mA4 75-50 Q0851 VRT
0 7 0 mA4 90-60 Q0849 VRT, TCP
0 7 0 mA4 90-60 Q0852 VRT
0 7 0 mA4 100-66 Q0850 VRT, TCP
0 7 0 mA4 100-66 Q0853 VRT
0 7 0 mA4 75-50 SK119 VRT, TCP
0 7 0 mA4 75-50 SK122 VRT
0 7 0 mA4 90-60 SK120 VRT, TCP
0 7 0 mA4 90-60 SK123 VRT
0 7 0 mA4 100-66 SK121 VRT, TCP
0 7 0 mA4 100-66 SK124 VRT
0 2 C mcC0 100-66 Q0887 VRT, TCP

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
0 2 C mcC0 120-60 Q0879 VRT, TCP

0 2 C mcC0 120-60 Q0880 3,1 Â
0 2 C mcC0 133-66 Q0881 VRT, TCP
0 2 C mcC0 133-66 Q0882 3,1 Â
0 2 C mcC0 150-60 Q024 VRT, TCP
0 2 C mcC0 150-60 Q0906 TCP, 3,1 Â
0 2 C mcC0 150-60 Q040 VRT
0 2 C mcC0 75-50 SY056 VRT, TCP
0 2 C mcC0 100-66 SY020 VRT, TCP
0 2 C mcC0 100-66 SY046 3,1 Â
0 2 C mcC0 120-60 SY021 VRT, TCP
0 2 C mcC0 120-60 SY027 3,1 Â
0 2 C mcC0 120-60 SY030
0 2 C mcC0 133-66 SY019 VRT, TCP
0 2 C mcC0 133-66 SY028 3,1 Â
0 2 C mcC0 150-60 SY061 VRT, TCP
0 2 C mcC0 150-60 SY043 TCP, 3,1 Â
0 2 C mcC0 150-60 SY058 VRT
0 2 6 E0 75-50 Q0846 TCP
0 2 6 E0 75-50 SY009 TCP
Òàáëèöà 23.4. Âåðñèè è íîìåðà èçìåíåíèé, âíåñåííûõ â ìîáèëüíûé

ïðîöåññîð Pentium MMX ñåìåéñòâà P5
0 4 4 mxA3 150-60 Q016 ES, TCP, 2,285 Â

0 4 4 mxA3 150-60 Q061 ES, PPGA,
2,285 Â
0 4 4 mxA3 166-66 Q017 ES, TCP, 2,285 Â
0 4 4 mxA3 166-66 Q062 ES, PPGA,
2,285 Â
0 4 4 mxA3 150-60 SL22G TCP, 2,285 Â
0 4 4 mxA3 150-60 SL246 PPGA, 2,285 Â
0 4 4 mxA3 166-66 SL22F TCP, 2,285 Â
0 4 4 mxA3 166-66 SL23Z PPGA, 2,285 Â
0 4 3 mxB1 120-60 Q230 ES, TCP, 2,2 Â
0 4 3 mxB1 133-66 Q130 ES, TCP, 2,285 Â

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
0 4 3 mxB1 133-66 Q129 ES, PPGA,
2,285 Â
0 4 3 mxB1 150-60 Q116 ES, TCP, 2,285 Â
0 4 3 mxB1 150-60 Q128 ES, PPGA,
2,285 Â
0 4 3 mxB1 166-66 Q115 ES, TCP, 2,285 Â
0 4 3 mxB1 166-66 Q127 ES, PPGA,
2,285 Â
0 4 3 mxB1 133-66 SL27D TCP, 2,285 Â
0 4 3 mxB1 133-66 SL27C PPGA, 2,285 Â
0 4 3 mxB1 150-60 SL26U TCP, 2,285 Â
0 4 3 mxB1 150-60 SL27B PPGA, 2,285 Â
0 4 3 mxB1 166-66 SL26T TCP, 2,285 Â
0 4 3 mxB1 166-66 SL27A PPGA, 2,285 Â
0 8 1 myA0 166-66 Q255 TCP, 1,8 Â
0 8 1 myA0 200-66 Q146 TCP, 1,8 Â
0 8 1 myA0 233-66 Q147 TCP, 1,8 Â
0 8 1 myA0 200-66 SL28P TCP, 1,8 Â
0 8 1 myA0 233-66 SL28Q TCP, 1,8 Â
0 8 1 myA0 266-66 Q250 TCP, 2,0 Â
957²9ROWDJH5HGXFWLRQ7HFKQRORJ\
7&3²7DSH&DUULHU3DFNDJH
(6²(QJLQHHULQJ6DPSOH
33*$²3ODVWLF3*$
<lZ[ei_j_qbke_gu \_jkbbbghf_jZbaf_g_gbc\g_k_gguo\ijhp_kkhj3HQWLXP,,
Òàáëèöà 23.5. Âåðñèè è íîìåðà èçìåíåíèé, âíåñåííûõ â ìîäåëü 5

ìîáèëüíîãî ïðîöåññîðà Pentium II ñåìåéñòâà 36
Èäåíòèôèêàòî Îáúåì êýø- Ðàáî÷àÿ ÷àñòîòà Ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ Òàêòîâàÿ Äîïîëíèòåëüíûå
ð èçìåíåíèÿ ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî êýø-ïàìÿòè ÷àñòîòà ÿäðà- ñâåäåíèÿ
óðîâíÿ, Êáàéò âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ øèíû, ÌÃö
mdA0 512 1/2 SL2KH 233-66 MC, 1,7 Â

mdA0 512 1/2 SL2KJ 266-66 MC, 1,7 Â
mmdA0 512 1/2 PMD233 233-66 MMO, 1,7 Â
mmdA0 512 1/2 PMD266 266-66 MMO, 1,7 Â
mdB0 512 1/2 SL2RS 300-66 MC, 1,6 Â
mdB0 512 1/2 SL2RR 266-66 MC, 1,6 Â
mdB0 512 1/2 SL2RQ 233-66 MC, 1,6 Â
mdxA0 256 1 SL32M 266-66 MC, 1,6 Â

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Èäåíòèôèêàòî Îáúåì êýø- Ðàáî÷àÿ ÷àñòîòà Ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ Òàêòîâàÿ Äîïîëíèòåëüíûå
ð èçìåíåíèÿ ïàìÿòè âòîðîãî êýø-ïàìÿòè ÷àñòîòà ÿäðà- ñâåäåíèÿ
óðîâíÿ, Êáàéò âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ øèíû, ÌÃö
mdxA0 256 1 SL32N 300-66 MC, 1,6 Â
mdxA0 256 1 SL32P 333-66 MC, 1,6 Â
mdxA0 256 1 SL36Z 366-66 MC, 1,6 Â
mdbA0 256 1 SL32Q 266-66 BG, 1,6 Â*
mdbA0 256 1 SL32R 300-66 BG, 1,6 Â*
mdbA0 256 1 SL32S 333-66 BG, 1,6 Â*
mdbA0 256 1 SL3AG 366-66 BG, 1,6 Â*
mdbA0 256 1 SL3DR 266-66 BG, 1,5 Â
mdbA0 256 1 SL3HH 266-66 PG, 1,6 Â*
mdbA0 256 1 SL3HJ 300-66 PG, 1,6 Â*
mdbA0 256 1 SL3HK 333-66 PG, 1,6 Â*
mdbA0 256 1 SL3HL 366-66 PG, 1,6 Â*
²iheh\bggZyqZklhlZy^jZijhp_kkhjZ
²qZklhlZy^jZijhp_kkhjZ
²gZijy`_gb_iblZgby<f<
0&²0LQLFDUWULGJH
002²0RELOH0RGXOH
%*²dhjimk%*$
3*²dhjimk3*$
Ìîáèëüíûé &HOHURQ
<uimklb\ g_^hjh]mx \_jkbx gZklhevgh]h ijhp_kkhjZ &HOHURQ nbjfZ ,QWHO kjZam `_ \u
imklbeZfh[bevgmx\_jkbxwlh]hijhp_kkhjZkihgb`_gguf gZijy`_gb_f iblZgby\dhjimk_
fbgbdZjljb^`beb%*$
<lZ[eijb\_^_gu^Zggu_hfh[bevghfijhp_kkhj_&HOHURQ
Òàáëèöà 23.6. Ïàðàìåòðû ìîáèëüíîé âåðñèè ïðîöåññîðà Celeron
Ñåìåéñòâî Ìîäåëü Èäåíòèôèêàòî Êýø-ïàìÿòü Ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ ×àñòîòà Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ
ð èçìåíåíèÿ âòîðîãî ÿäðà-øèíû,
óðîâíÿ, Êáàéò ÌÃö
6 6 mcbA0 128 SL23Y 266-66 B,1
6 6 mcbA0 128 SL3AH 300-66 B,1
6 6 mcbA0 128 SL3C8 333-66 B,1
6 6 mcbA0 128 SL3DQ 266-66 B,2
6 6 mcbA0 128 SL3GQ 400-66 P,1
6 6 mcpA0 128 SL3HM 266-66
6 6 mcpA0 128 SL3HN 300-66 P,1
6 6 mcpA0 128 SL3HP 333-66 P,1
6 6 mcpA0 128 SL3HQ 366-66 P,1
6 6 mcpA0 128 SL3GR 400-66 P,1
%²dhjimk%*$
3²dhjimk3*$

²gZijy`_gb_iblZgbyy^jZijhp_kkhjZ<
²gZijy`_gb_iblZgbyy^jZijhp_kkhjZ<
Ìîáèëüíûå ïðîöåññîðû ñåìåéñòâà AMD K6

K_f_ckl\hijhp_kkhjh\$0'.aZ\h_\Zehihimeyjghklv kj_^bijhba\h^bl_e_c dhfivx
l_jguo kbkl_f deZkkZ ³gb`_ ´ Hk_gvx ]h^Z nbjfZ $0' \uimklbeZ fh[bevgmx
k_jbxijhp_kkhjh\êyjZat_fZ6RFNHW
<k_ fh[bevgu_ ijhp_kkhju k_jbb $0' . bf_xl ijZdlbq_kdb h^bgZdh\u_ oZjZdl_jb
klbdb l_ogheh]by fbdjhg ihgb`_ggh_ wg_j]hihlj_[e_gb_ ih^^_j`dZ l_ogheh]bb
00;dhjimkZ&3*$b&%*$DZdb_]hgZklhevguckh[jZlfh[bevgucijhp_kkhj$0'.
bf__lD[ZcldwriZfylbi_j\h]hmjh\gyIZjZf_ljufh[bevguoijhp_kkhjh\k_jbb$0'
.ijb\_^_gu\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 23.7. Ïàðàìåòðû ìîáèëüíûõ ïðîöåññîðîâ ñåðèè AMD K6
Ìîäåëü Íàïðÿæåíèå ïèòàíèÿ, Â ×àñòîòà, ÌÃö Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ
Mobile K6 2,1 233, 266 66

Mobile K6 2,2 300 66
Mobile K6 1,8 266, 300, 333, 350, 366, 380 66, 3DN
Mobile K6 2,2 350, 366, 380 100, 256KL2, 3DN
²qZklhlZrbguF=p
²qZklhlZrbguF=p
./² kh^_j`bl D[Zcl dwriZfylb \lhjh]h mjh\gy jZ[hlZxs_c gZ qZklhl_
ijhp_kkhjZ b ih^^_j`b\Z_l dwriZfylv lj_lv_]h mjh\gy bgl_]jbjh\Zggmx \ kbkl_fghc
ieZl_
'1²ih^^_j`dZ^hihegbl_evghckbkl_fudhfZgîjhp_kkhjZ'1RZ
Êîðïóñû ìîáèëüíûõ ïðîöåññîðîâ

L_ieh \u^_ey_fh_ ijb jZ[hl_ ijhp_kkhjZ g_h[oh^bfh hl\h^blv hl djbklZeeZ < gZklhev
guokbkl_fZowlhj_rZ_lky]hjZa^hijhs_q_f\ihjlZlb\guodhfivxl_jZoHkgh\gZyijh[e_
fZ² wlh jZaf_ju dhjimkZ g_ iha\heyxsb_ bkihevah\Zlv \k_ \hafh`gu_ kj_^kl\Z b f_lhû
hl\h^Zl_ieZDjhf_lh]hkms_kl\m_l_s_h^gZijh[e_fZihevah\Zl_ebohlylbf_lvkbkl_fuk
kZfufb[ukljufbijhp_kkhjZfbbg_boaZ[hlZqlhfh[bevgucijhp_kkhjihlj_[ey_lwg_j]bb
b\u^_ey_ll_ieZ[hevr_q_fijhp_kkhjbkihevam_fuc\gZklhevguokbkl_fZo
Êîðïóñ TCP
,QWHO gZreZ kihkh[ dZd ihf_klblv ijhp_kkhj 3HQWLXP \ ihjlZlb\guc dhfivxl_j mf_gv
rb\jZaf_jijhp_kkhjZ_]hwg_j]hihlj_[e_gb_ bl_ieh\u^_e_gb_ bfklZegh\ucdhjimkêy
ijhp_kkhjZgZa\Zgguc7&37DSH&DUULHU3DFNDJH²miZdh\dZbaieZklbdh\hce_gluLZdZy
miZdh\dZf_gvr_be_]q_h[uqghc63*$6WDJJHUHG3LQ*ULG$UUD\²jZkij_^_e_ggZy j_r_ldZ
b]hevqZluodhglZdlh\bkihevam_fhc \gZklhevguodhfivxl_jZo ?kebiehsZ^vijhp_kkhjZ
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Òàáëèöà 23.8. Íàçíà÷åíèå êîíòàêòîâ èíòåðôåéñà PC Card
1 Îáùèé 35 Îáùèé
2 Äàííûå, áèò 3 36 Card Detect 1
3 Äàííûå, áèò 4 37 Äàííûå, áèò 11
7 Card Enable 1 41 Äàííûå, áèò 15
8 Àäðåñ, áèò 10 42 Card Enable 2
9 Output Enable 43 Refresh
10 Àäðåñ, áèò 11 44 RFU (IOR)
11 Àäðåñ, áèò 9 45 RFU (IOW)
12 Àäðåñ, áèò 8 46 Àäðåñ, áèò 17

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15 Write Enable/Program 49 Àäðåñ, áèò 20
16 Ready/Busy (IREQ) 50 Àäðåñ, áèò 21
17 +5 Â 51 +5 Â
18 Vpp1 52 Vpp2
23 Àäðåñ, áèò 6 57 RFU
24 Àäðåñ, áèò 5 58 RESET
25 Àäðåñ, áèò 4 59 WAIT
26 Àäðåñ, áèò 3 60 RFU (INPACK)
27 Àäðåñ, áèò 2 61 Register Select
28 Àäðåñ, áèò 1 62 Battery Voltage Detect 2 (SPKR)
29 Àäðåñ, áèò 0 63 Battery Voltage Detect 1 (STSCHG)
33 Write Protect (IOIS16) 67 Card Detect 2
34 Îáùèé 68 Îáùèé
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Óñòàíîâêà îïåðàöèîííîé ñèñòåìû 959


Ãëàâà 25
Ñðåäñòâà äèàãíîñòèêè
è òåõíè÷åñêîå
îáñëóæèâàíèå
Äèàãíîñòèêà PC 961
Äèàãíîñòè÷åñêèå ïðîãðàììû 961
Èíñòðóìåíòû è ïðèáîðû 967
Ïðîãðàììà ïðîôèëàêòè÷åñêèõ ìåðîïðèÿòèé 975
Îñíîâíûå íàïðàâëåíèÿ ïîèñêà è óñòðàíåíèÿ
íåèñïðàâíîñòåé 988
Äèàãíîñòèêà PC
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Äèàãíîñòèêà àïïàðàòíîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ

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Äèàãíîñòèêà ñåòåâûõ àäàïòåðîâ

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Äèàãíîñòè÷åñêèå ïðîãðàììû îáùåãî

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Äèàãíîñòè÷åñêèå ïðîãðàììû îïåðàöèîííîé

ñèñòåìû
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Äèñïåò÷åð óñòðîéñòâ Windows 9õ

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Èíäèêàòîð ðåñóðñîâ Windows 9õ

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Ïðîñìîòð ñîáûòèé â Windows NT

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Îñíîâíûå íàïðàâëåíèÿ ïîèñêà è óñòðàíåíèÿ íåèñïðàâíîñòåé 991


Ãëàâà 26
Ïðîãðàììíîå
îáåñïå÷åíèå
îïåðàöèîííûõ
ñèñòåì è ïîèñê
íåèñïðàâíîñòåé
Îïåðàöèîííûå ñèñòåìû îò DOS äî Windows 2000 992
Îïåðàöèîííàÿ ñèñòåìà DOS è åå êîìïîíåíòû 995
Windows 3.1 1005
Windows 9õ 1007
Windows NT è Windows 2000 1013
Linux 1015
Îïåðàöèîííûå ñèñòåìû îò DOS
äî Windows2000
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\u^Z_lkykhh[s_gb_hlhfqlh^bkdg_kbkl_fguc
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Replace and strike any key when ready
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replace and strike any key when ready
DISK BOOT FAILURE, INSERT SYSTEM DISK AND PRESS ENTER
No boot GHYLFH DYDLODEOH
strike F1 to retry boot, F2 for setup utility
No boot sector on fixed disk -
strike F1 to retry boot, F2 for setup utility
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bkbkl_fZhklZgZ\eb\Z_lky
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24. Ijh\_jy_lky kb]gZlmjZ kqblZggh]h aZ]jmahqgh]h k_dlhjZ Zdlb\gh]h jZa^_eZ ?keb ih
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nZceu g_ y\eyxlky i_j\ufb \ dhjg_\hf dZlZeh]_ beb ijb ihiuld_ bo ql_gby \hagb
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Ïðåðûâàíèå Int 21h

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Ïðåðûâàíèÿ Int 25h è Int 26h

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Ïðåðûâàíèå Int 13h

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Êîìàíäû äèñêîâîãî êîíòðîëëåðà

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nhjfZlbjh\Zgby gbadh]h mjh\gy lZd`_ bkihevamxl g_ihkj_^kl\_gguc ^hklmi d dhgljhee_jm
lZddZdnmgdpbb,QWKiha\heyxlnhjfZlbjh\Zlv g_\k_lbiumkljhckl\
GZjbkihdZaZghqlh[hevrbgkl\h ijbeh`_gbcjZ[hlZ_lk^bkdZfbq_j_a,QWKdh
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[hlZlv k dhgljhee_jZfb \haeZ]Z_lky gZ 520%,26 Bkihevamy klZg^Zjlguc bgl_jn_ck k
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16-ðàçðÿäíûå âåðñèè Windows

Kms_kl\_ggh]h jZaebqby f_`^m \k_fb jZajy^gufb \_jkbyfb :LQGRZV :LQGRZV
:LQGRZVb:LQGRZVIRU:RUNJURXSVg_lihwlhfm\^ZgghfjZa^_e_[m^_fjZkkfZljb\Zlv
bo\k_dZd:LQGRZVZh[hlebqbyoih]h\hjbfhl^_evgh
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Commdlg.drv
Gdi.exe
Krnl386.exe
Pscript.drv
Shell.dll
Unidrv.dll
User.exe
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:LQGRZVIRU:RUNJURXSVijZdlbq_kdbg_hlebqZ_lkyhl:LQGRZV gh³mf__l´jZ[hlZlv
\k_lb<wlhckbkl_f_\i_j\u_[uebj_Zebah\Zgudeb_gluêyih^dexq_gby dk_lyf0LFUR
VRIW b 1RYHOO Gh q_j_a g_dhlhjh_ \j_fy \ j_amevlZl_ jhklZ ihimeyjghklb ijhlhdheZ 7&3,3
nbjfZ0LFURVRIW\dexqbeZ_]hih^^_j`dm\:LQGRZVIRU:RUNJURXSV
Çàãðóçêà Windows 3.1

DZdm`_mdZau\Zehkv jZg__:LQGRZVg_fh`_lkqblZlvkyiheghp_gghc hi_jZpbhgghc
kbkl_fhc \gZqZe_ aZimkdZ_lky '26 Z aZl_f aZ]jm`Z_lky ]jZnbq_kdZy h[hehqdZ :LQGRZV
Ijhp_kkaZ]jmadbg_hlebqZ_lkyhlhibkZggh]h \ur_Ihke_aZ]jmadbdhfivxl_jZ\dhfZg^
Windows 3.1 1007

ghckljhd_'26g_h[oh^bfh \\_klb:LQ;m^_laZims_gnZce Win.comdhlhjucbaZ]jmabl
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lmighcihke_aZ]jmadb^bki_lq_jZiZfylb Himem.sys\nZce_ Config.sys>eybkihevah
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e_ [386Enh] nZceZ System.ini < wlhf j_`bf_ :LQGRZV fh`_l bkihevah\Zlv
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lb\ghc iZfylb ^hklmighc ijbeh`_gbyf ;eZ]h^Zjy ijbf_g_gbx \bjlmZevghc iZfylb :LQ
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Ke_^m_l hlf_lblv qlh ^hklmi d ^bkdm hkms_kl\ey_lky gZfgh]h f_ê_gg__ q_f d hi_jZ
lb\ghc iZfylb Gh bf_ggh bkihevah\Zgb_ \bjlmZevghc iZfylb iha\hey_l m\_ebqblv h[t_f
^hklmighcêyijbeh`_gbciZfylb
Ôàéëû ÿäðà Windows

Ihke_aZ]jmadb\khhl\_lkl\mxs_f j_`bf_êyh[_ki_q_gbynmgdpbhgbjh\Zgby ]jZnbq_
kdhch[hehqdbaZ]jm`Zxlkyke_^mxsb_dhfihg_gluy^jZ:LQGRZV
Krnl286.exebeb Krnl386.exedhlhjucmijZ\ey_lkbkl_fgufbj_kmjkZfblZdb
fbdZdiZfylvbijhp_kkhjZlZd`_aZ]jmadhcijbeh`_gbcbkbkl_fgufbkh[ulbyfb
User.exe mijZ\eyxsbc hdgZfb ibdlh]jZffZfb b ^jm]bfb we_f_glZfb ihevah\Z
l_evkdh]hbgl_jn_ckZ
Gdi.exe²]jZnbq_kdbc bgl_jn_ckihevah\Zl_ey
Ihke_ aZ]jmadb nZceh\ y^jZ kbkl_fu :LQGRZV aZ]jm`Z_l ^jZc\_ju mkljhckl\ mklZgh\
e_gguo\kbkl_f_Wlb^jZc\_juij_^hklZ\eyxl bgl_jn_ckkZiiZjZlgufh[_ki_q_gb_f êy
ijbeh`_gbc :LQGRZV < hlebqb_ hl '26 g_dhlhju_ ijbeh`_gby :LQGRZV fh]ml ihemqZlv
^hklmidmkljhckl\ZfgZijyfmx
32-ðàçðÿäíûé äîñòóï ê äèñêó

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j_`bfijbf_gy_lkybgZyko_fZ^hklmiZd`_kldhfm^bkdm²jZajy^guc^jZc\_j`_kldh]h
^bkdZdhlhjucbkihevam_lgZdhibl_ev gZijyfmx \ j_amevlZl_ q_]h m\_ebqb\Z_lky kdhjhklv
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dhjj_dlgh jZ[hlZlv k ^jZc\_jhf :LQGRZV Ljb^pZlb^\mojZajy^guc ^hklmi d ^bkdm g_evay
bkihevah\Zlv kh6&6,mkljhckl\Zfb
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nZceZobi_j_aZ]jmabl_ dhfivxl_jAZl_fihh^ghcZdlb\babjmcl_ aZ]jmadmj_ab^_glguoijh
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Windows 9õ
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jZajy^gZy hi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ \ g_c bkijZ\e_gu fgh]b_ g_^hklZldb ijbkmsb_
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êy aZ]jmadb bgl_jn_ckZ :LQGRZV \Zf ijb^_lky \\_klb dhfZg^m :LQ AgZdhfh ^h [heb g_
ijZ\^Zeb"
DOS è Windows 9õ
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dhgp_ipbb ihemqbeb ^Zevg_cr__ eh]bq_kdh_ jZa\blb_ L_o `_ ^\Z kbkl_fguo nZceZ²
Io.sysb Msdos.sysh^gZdhl_i_jv\_kvkbkl_fgucdh^gZoh^blky\i_j\hfbagboZ\lh
jhckh^_j`bl$6&,,l_dklkmklZgh\dZfbmijZ\eyxsbfb ih\_^_gb_fkbkl_fuijbaZ]jmad_
Wd\b\Ze_glu ijh]jZff Himem.sys Ifshlp.sysb Setver.exeZ\lhfZlbq_kdb aZ]jm
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^jZc\_jh\ b j_ab^_glguo ijh]jZff fh`gh bkihevah\Zlv nZceu Config.sys b Auto-
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lu__kh[kl\_gguo fh^me_c b hl^_evguo ijbeh`_gbc Kbkl_fguc j__klj dZd [u \uihegy_l
nmgdpbbConfig.sysAutoexec.batbininZceh\:LQGRZV\f_kl_\ayluo
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jhf² ^Zggu_hjZ[hlZxsbo\kbkl_f_ihevah\Zl_eyo bbkihevam_fuo bfbdhgnb]mjZpbyo
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dhlhjmxhg gZkljZb\Z_l ih k\h_fm \dmkm b ihlj_[ghklyf Kbkl_fguc j__klj fh`gh bfihj
lbjh\Zlvwdkihjlbjh\Zlv ZlZd`_kha^Z\Zlv_]hj_a_j\gu_dhibbbbkihevamybo\hkklZgZ\
eb\Zlv khojZg_ggu_ ^Zggu_² h^gbf keh\hf m \Zk \ jmdZo ^h\hevgh fhsguc f_oZgbaf
mijZ\e_gbykbkl_fgufbiZjZf_ljZfb bboaZsbluhlihl_jvbih\j_`^_gbc
Windows 9õ 1009
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gmxaZibkv'26'%5lZ[ebpujZaf_s_gbynZceh\)$7bdZlZeh]bL_i_jvbf_gZnZceh\
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fbkbkl_fZfbkha^Zggufbih^'26
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jhfm nhjfZlm \hk_fvlhqdZljb LZdbf h[jZahf nZce kha^Zgguc kbkl_fhc :LQGRZVo
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Âåðñèè Windows 9õ
M`_ihke_\uoh^Z\k\_l:LQGRZVnbjfhc0LFURVRIW[ueh\uims_gh[hevrh_dhebq_
kl\h h[gh\e_gbc wlhc kbkl_fu H[gh\blv h[uqgmx :LQGRZV ^h \_jkbb :LQGRZV 65
fh`gh[uehkihfhsvxiZd_lZh[gh\e_gby^hklmigh]hgZ:HEmae_nbjfu0LFURVRIW
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h[gh\e_gbc ^hklmiguo gZ :HEmae_ nbjfu 0LFURVRIW < wlhc kbkl_f_ \i_j\u_ j_Zebah\ZgZ
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Àðõèòåêòóðà Windows 9õ
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fh^mebh[_ki_qb\Zxl h[jZlgmxkh\f_klbfhklv kij_û^msbfb \_jkbyfbkbkl_fu
Äèñïåò÷åð âèðòóàëüíûõ ìàøèí

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Plug and Play

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Ijh]jZffZFdiskêykha^ZgbygZ^bkd_jZa^_eh\)$7\dexq_gZ\:LQGRZV265o
b:LQGRZVDh]^Z\uiulZ_l_kvkha^ZlvgZ^bkd_jZa^_e_fdhklvx[he__F[Zclijh
]jZffZaZijZrb\Z_l \Zk\dexqZlvebih^^_j`dm^bkdh\[hevrh]hjZaf_jZB_keb\uhl\_
lbl_^Zlhêy\k_ojZa^_eh\_fdhklvx[he__F[Zcl[m^_lbkihevah\Zlvky nZceh\Zykbk
l_fZ)$7
)$7 jZajZ[hlZgZ lZdbf h[jZahf qlh \ g_c khq_lZxlky gh\u_ \hafh`ghklb b kh\f_k
lbfhklvkij_û^msbfb \_jkbyfbIhij_`g_fmih^^_j`b\Zxlky ijh]jZffuj_Zevgh]hj_
`bfZ '26 fh`gh aZ]jm`Zlvky k ex[h]h ^bkdZ '26 b bf_lv ijb wlhf ^hklmi d ^bkdZf
)$7H^gZdhl_ijbeh`_gbydhlhju_^he`gujZ[hlZlvk^bkdZfb)$7fbgmyhi_jZpbhg
gmx kbkl_fm l_ gZijyfmx h[jZsZykv d ZiiZjZlmj_ gZijbf_j lZdb_ dZd mlbeblu \hkklZ
gh\e_gby ^bkdh\ g_ lhevdh g_ [m^ml ijZ\bevgh jZ[hlZlv k )$7 gh b fh]ml ih\j_^blv
bgnhjfZpbx gZ^bkd_
Windows 9õ 1011
Çàãðóçêà Windows 9x
IhgbfZy ijhp_kk aZ]jmadb :LQGRZV[ \u kfh`_l_ ^hklZlhqgh [ukljh j_rblv \hagb
dZxsb_ijh[e_fuAZ]jmadm:LQGRZV[fh`ghjZa^_eblvgZiylvwlZih\
aZ]jmadZ520%,26
ql_gb_]eZ\ghcaZ]jmahqghcaZibkbbaZ]jmahqgh]h k_dlhjZjZa^_eZ
aZ]jmadZbaZimkdnZceZIo.sys
gZkljhcdZj_Zevgh]hj_`bfZ
aZ]jmadZbaZimkdnZceZWin.com
Ýòàï 1 çàãðóçêà ROM BIOS

1. <uihegy_lky kZfhl_klbjh\Zgb_ bklhqgbdZ iblZgby ?keb \ dhfivxl_j_ mklZgh\e_gZ
3OXJDQG3OD\%,26lh\uihegyxlky ii±
2. 3OXJDQG3OD\%,26ijh\_jy_lZ^j_kZihjlh\\\h^Z\u\h^Zebgbbij_ju\ZgbcdZgZeu
ijyfh]h ^hklmiZ d iZfylb b ^jm]b_ iZjZf_lju g_h[oh^bfu_ êy dhgnb]mjbjh\Zgby
mkljhckl\3OXJDQG3OD\
3. <k_mkljhckl\Z3OXJDQG3OD\[ehdbjmxlky
4. Kha^Z_lkykibkhdkms_kl\mxsbo j_kmjkh\dhfivxl_jZ
5. Mkljhckl\Z3OXJDQG3OD\dhgnb]mjbjmxlky bZdlb\babjmxlky ?keb\dhfivxl_j_mk
lZgh\e_gZ%,26g_ih^^_j`b\ZxsZy l_ogheh]bx3OXJDQG3OD\lhmkljhckl\ZlZdh]h
lbiZ bgbpbZebabjmxlky gZ hkgh\_ iZjZf_ljh\ ih mfheqZgbx Mkljhckl\Z 3OXJ DQG
3OD\fh]ml[ulv^bgZfbq_kdb i_j_dhgnb]mjbjh\Zgu ijbaZimkd_:LQGRZV[k ihfh
svx^bki_lq_jZdhgnb]mjZpbc dhlhjucaZijZrb\Z_l m3OXJDQG3OD\%,26g_h[oh^b
fmxbgnhjfZpbx h[mkljhckl\_ZaZl_fkZfhmkljhckl\h3OXJDQG3OD\êy_]hdhgnb
]mjbjh\Zgby
6. Ijhbkoh^blh[jZs_gb_dgZdhibl_ex:b\uihegy_lkyihbkdaZ]jmahqghc^bkd_lu
7. ?keb\gZdhibl_e_:aZ]jmahqgZy^bkd_lZg_gZc^_gZlhijh\_jy_lkygZebqb_`_kldh
]h^bkdZ?keb`_kldbc^bkdgZc^_gmijZ\e_gb_i_j_^Z_lkyaZ]jmaqbdmhi_jZpbhgghc
kbkl_fu
8. Kqblu\Z_lky ]eZ\gZyaZ]jmahqgZyaZibkvbaZ]jmahqguck_dlhjjZa^_eZ
Ýòàï 2 ÷òåíèå ãëàâíîé çàãðóçî÷íîé çàïèñè è çàãðóçî÷íîãî

ñåêòîðà ðàçäåëà
1. =eZ\gZyaZ]jmahqgZyaZibkvhij_^_ey_ljZkiheh`_gb_ aZ]jmahqgh]h jZa^_eZkqblu\Zy
lZ[ebpmjZa^_eh\jZkiheh`_ggmx \dhgp_]eZ\ghcaZ]jmahqghcaZibkb
2. =eZ\gZy aZ]jmahqgZy aZibkv i_j_^Z_l mijZ\e_gb_ aZ]jmahqghfm k_dlhjm jZa^_eZ \ Zd
lb\ghf aZ]jmahqghf jZa^_e_ AZ]jmahqguc k_dlhj jZa^_eZ kh^_j`bl aZ]jmahqgmx
ijh]jZffmblZ[ebpmiZjZf_ljh\^bkdZ
3. AZ]jmahqguck_dlhjjZa^_eZijhkfZljb\Z_l [ehdiZjZf_ljh\%,26\ihbkdZojZkiheh`_
gbydhjg_\h]hdZlZeh]ZZaZl_fdhibjm_lnZceIo.sysbadhjg_\h]hdZlZeh]Z\iZfylv
Ýòàï 3 çàãðóçêà è çàïóñê ôàéëà Io.sys

1. AZ]jm`Z_lkyfbgbfZevgZy nZceh\Zykbkl_fZ)$7
2. Kqblu\Z_lky nZceMsdos.sys

3. Hlh[jZ`Z_lky khh[s_gb_ Starting Windows\l_q_gb_Q!k_dmg^<j_fyhlh[jZ
`_gbywlh]hkhh[s_gbyhij_^_ey_lky kljhdhc BootDelay=Q!\nZce_ Msdos.sys
ihmfheqZgbxk_dmgû
4. Ijb bkihevah\Zgbb ZiiZjZlguo dhgnb]mjZpbc ihy\ey_lky ke_^mxs__ khh[s_gb_
Windows cannot determine what configuration your computer is
inBaijb\_^_ggh]h kibkdZdhgnb]mjZpbc ke_^m_l\u[jZlvg_h[oh^bfmx ZiiZjZlgmx
dhgnb]mjZpbx
5. AZ]jm`Z_lkybhlh[jZ`Z_lky nZceLogo.sysklZjlh\ZyaZklZ\dZ
6. ?kebkms_kl\mxl nZceu Drvspace.inibeb Dblspace.inilhhgbaZ]jm`Zxlky\
iZfylv
7. NZceIo.sysijh\_jy_lnZceukbkl_fgh]hj__kljZSystem.datbUser.dat
8. NZce Io.syshldju\Z_lnZce System.dat?kebnZceZ System.datg_kms_kl\m
_llhbkihevam_lkynZceSystem.da0Ijbmki_rghfaZimkd_:LQGRZVonZceSys-
tem.da0dhibjm_lky\System.dat
9. ?keb\nZce_ Msdos.sysijbkmlkl\m_l kljhdZ DoubleBuffer=1beb^\hcgZy[mn_
jbaZpby Zdlb\babjm_lky k ihfhsvx iZjZf_ljh\ \ \_l\b j__kljZ HKLM\System\
CurrentControlSet\Control\WinBoot\DoubleBuffer lh aZ]jm`Z_lky nZce
Dblbuff.sys
10. Ijh]jZffZ mklZgh\db :LQGRZVo Z\lhfZlbq_kdb Zdlb\babjm_l ^\hcgmx [mn_jbaZ
pbx_kebhij_^_eblqlhwlhg_h[oh^bfh
11. ?keb kms_kl\m_l g_kdhevdh ZiiZjZlguo dhgnb]mjZpbc lh \u[jZggZy dhgnb]mjZpby
aZ]jm`Z_lkybakbkl_fgh]hj__kljZ
12. NZceIo.sys\uihegy_lnZceConfig.sys
Ýòàï 4 íàñòðîéêà ðåàëüíîãî ðåæèìà

>ey ijZ\bevghc jZ[hlu g_dhlhjuo klZjuo mkljhckl\ b ijh]jZff g_h[oh^bfh aZ]jm`Zlv
^jZc\_ju b nZceu \ j_Zevghf j_`bf_ Qlh[u h[_ki_qblv h[jZlgmx kh\f_klbfhklv
:LQGRZVoh[jZ[Zlu\Z_l nZceuConfig.sysbAutoexec.bat_kebhgbkms_kl\mxl
1. ?kebnZce Config.sys kms_kl\m_l lh h[jZ[Zlu\Zxlky kh^_j`Zsb_ky \ g_f hi_jZ
lhjubdhfZgûaZ]jmadb^jZc\_jh\?keb`_wlh]hnZceZgZ`_kldhf^bkd_g_llhaZ
]jm`Zxlkyke_^mxsb_g_h[oh^bfu_ êyjZ[hlu^jZc\_ju
Ifshlp.sys
Himem.sys
Setver.sys
2. NZce Io.sys³magZ_l´jZkiheh`_gb_ wlbonZceh\gZ`_kldhf^bkd_bakljhdb Win-
BootDir=nZceZMsdos.sys
3. :LQGRZVj_a_j\bjm_l \k_]eh[Zevgu_[ehdb\_jog_ciZfylbêybkihevah\Zgby hi_jZ
pbhgghckbkl_fhcbebêyih^^_j`dbjZkrbj_gghc iZfylb
4. H[jZ[Zlu\Z_lky kh^_j`bfh_nZceZ Autoexec.batb\k_i_j_qbke_ggu_ \g_fj_ab
^_glgu_ijh]jZffuaZ]jm`Zxlky\iZfylv
Windows 9õ 1013
Ýòàï 5 çàãðóçêà è çàïóñê ôàéëà Win.com
1. AZ]jm`Z_lkybaZimkdZ_lkynZceWin.com
2. NZce Win.com h[jZsZ_lky d nZcem Vmm32.vxd ?keb \ dhfivxl_j_ mklZgh\e_gh
^hklZlhqgh_ dhebq_kl\h hi_jZlb\ghc iZfylb lh wlhl nZce aZ]jm`Z_lky \ iZfylv <
ijhlb\ghfkemqZ_hj]Zgbam_lky ^hklmidwlhfmnZcemgZ`_kldhf^bkd_qlhm\_ebqb
\Z_l\j_fyaZ]jmadb
3. AZ]jmaqbd^jZc\_jh\\bjlmZevguomkljhckl\j_Zevgh]hj_`bfZkjZ\gb\Z_ldhibb\bjlm
Zevguo ^jZc\_jh\ mkljhckl\ 9[' \ iZid_ Windows\System\Vmm32 b nZce_
Vmm32.vxd?keb\bjlmZevguc^jZc\_jmkljhckl\Zkms_kl\m_lb\iZid_b\nZce_lh
dhiby\bjlmZevgh]h ^jZc\_jZ³ihf_qZ_lky´\nZce_Vmm32.vxddZdg_aZ]jm`Z_fZy
4. <bjlmZevgu_ ^jZc\_jumkljhckl\g_aZ]jm`_ggu_ kihfhsvxnZceZ Vmm32.vxdaZ
]jm`ZxlkybajZa^_eZ[386 Enh]nZceZSystem.iniiZidbWindows
Íåîáõîäèìûå âèðòóàëüíûå äðàéâåðû óñòðîéñòâ

fÑÇ ÓÔÖÒÈÑáÓÔÐ ÖÈÉÔØà ÔÕÌÖÈÛÏÔÓÓÔÐ ×Ï×ØÌÒà :LQGRZV ÓÌÔÉÚÔËÏÒà ÓÌ²ÔØÔÖàÌ ÊÏÖØ¿ÈÑáå
ÓàÌËÖÈÐÊÌÖà¿×ØÖÔÐ×ØÊØÏËÖÈÐÊÌÖàÎÈÖ¿ÍÈãØ×ÇÈÊØÔÒÈØÏÜÌ×²ÏÏÏÒÓÌÓ¿ÍÓà×ÔÔØÊÌØ×Øå
Ê¿ãÞÏÌ ÎÈÕÏ×Ï Ê ×Ï×ØÌÒÓÔÒ ÖÌÌ×ØÖÌ fÑÇ :LQGRZVÚ ÓÌÔÉÚÔËÏÒà ×ÑÌË¿ãÞÏÌ ÊÏÖØ¿ÈÑáÓàÌ
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x %,26;/$7 x &21),*0* x '<1$3$*(
x '260*5 x (%,26 x ,)60*5
x ,17 x ,26 x 3$*(6:$3
x 6+(// x 900*5 x 9&'
x 9&$&+( x 9&200 x 9&21'
x 9'' x 9'0$' x 9)$7
x 9.' x 90&3' x 93,&'
x 97' x 97'$3, x 9:,1
x 9;'/'5
5. AZ]jmaqbd ^jZc\_jh\ \bjlmZevguo mkljhckl\ j_Zevgh]h j_`bfZ ijh\_jy_l ijZ\bev

ghklv aZ]jmadb \k_o g_h[oh^bfuo \bjlmZevguo ^jZc\_jh\ mkljhckl\ Ijb ihy\e_gbb
hrb[db ijb aZ]jmad_ g_h[oh^bfh]h ^jZc\_jZ aZ]jmaqbd iulZ_lky \uihegblv _s_ jZa
wlmhi_jZpbx
6. Ihke_aZ]jmadb\bjlmZevgu_^jZc\_jumkljhckl\j_Zevgh]hj_`bfZbgbpbZebabjmx lky
7. NZceVmm32i_j_dexqZ_l ijhp_kkhj\aZsbs_gguc j_`bf
8. GZqbgZ_lkyijhp_kkbgbpbZebaZpbb \bjlmZevguo^jZc\_jh\mkljhckl\kh]eZkghboiZ
jZf_ljmInitDeviceZg_ihjy^dmaZ]jmadb\iZfylv
9. Ihke_ aZ]jmadb \k_o \bjlmZevguo ^jZc\_jh\ mkljhckl\ gZqbgZ_lky aZ]jmadZ nZceh\
Krnl32.dll Gdi.exe User.exeb Explorer.exeh[hehqdZihmfheqZgbxhi_
jZpbhgghckbkl_fu:LQGRZVo
10. ?kebdhfivxl_jih^dexq_gdk_lblhaZ]jm`Z_lkyk_l_\h_hdjm`_gb_Ihevah\Zl_ex
ij_êZ]Z_lky\\_klbbfybiZjhevêy\oh^Z\k_lvHi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ:LQGRZVo
iha\hey_lg_kdhevdbfihevah\Zl_eyf khojZgylviZjZf_ljujZ[hq_]hklheZIjb\oh^_
\ :LQGRZV wlb iZjZf_lju aZ]jm`Zxlky ba kbkl_fgh]h j__kljZ ?keb ihevah\Zl_ev g_
\\h^bl bf_gb lh aZ]jm`Z_lky dhgnb]mjZpby k mklZgh\e_ggufb ih mfheqZgbx iZjZ
f_ljZfbjZ[hq_]hklheZ

11. GZihke_^g_cnZa_aZ]jmadbhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fuaZimkdZxlkyijh]jZffuba]jmiiu
Àâòîçàãðóçêà b \_l\b kbkl_fgh]h j__kljZ RunOnce Ihke_ aZ]jmadb ijh]jZffu __
iZjZf_ljba\_l\bkbkl_fgh]hj__kljZRunOncem^Zey_lky
Windows NT è Windows 2000

< hlebqb_ hl lZdbo kbkl_f dZd '26 :LQGRZV b :LQGRZVo jZajy^gZy
:LQGRZV17 Z lZd`_ :LQGRZV jZajZ[Zlu\Zebkv dZd kh\_jr_ggh gh\u_ hi_jZpbhggu_
kbkl_fuG_h[oh^bfhklv h[_ki_qb\Zlv ihklhyggmxkh\f_klbfhklv kij_û^msbfb \_jkbyfb
g_\_jhylgh lhjfhabl jZa\blb_ gh\uo dhfivxl_jguo l_ogheh]bc Ihijh[mcl_dZ ijh^Zlv
ijh^mdlijbihdmid_dhlhjh]hihevah\Zl_ev ihl_jy_l\k_k\hbij_û^msb_gZjZ[hldb
Bf_gghihwlhfm:LQGRZVo]hjZa^h[eb`_d'26q_fd:LQGRZV17b:LQGRZV Dhj
ihjZpbbgbaZqlhg_klZgmli_j_oh^blvgZgh\mxhi_jZpbhggmxkbkl_fm_kebijbwlhfbfijb
^_lkyihl_jylvfbeebhgu^heeZjh\\eh`_gguo\jZajy^gh_ijh]jZffgh_h[_ki_q_gb_bh[mq_
gb_i_jkhgZeZ::LQGRZV17y\ey_lkybf_gghlZdbfijh^mdlhfihwlhfmihy\b\rbkvgZjugd_
_s_\]h^mhgZijh^\b]Z_lkyohlvb m\_j_ggh gh f_ê_ggh Bgl_jn_ck :LQGRZVo \dex
q_gguc \ gh\mx \_jkbx :LQGRZV17 b fhsgZy fZjd_lbg]h\Zy ijh]jZffZ ih ijh^\b`_gbx
jZajy^guo ijbeh`_gbc kihkh[kl\mxl jhklm ihimeyjghklb wlhc hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu ?keb
jZgvr_ ijh^\b`_gb_ :LQGRZV17 lhjfhabehkv hlkmlkl\b_f ^hklZlhqgh]h dhebq_kl\Z
jZajy^guoijbeh`_gbclhl_i_jvkihy\e_gb_f:LQGRZVokblmZpbyg_fgh]hbkijZ\ey_lky
:LQGRZV17b:LQGRZV²wlhg_qlhkh\k_fbgh_q_f'26Ohly\wlbohi_jZpbhgguo
kbkl_fZofh`ghhldjulvhdghk_ZgkZ'26hgb\h\k_g_y\eyxlkyh[hehqdhc\ljZ^bpbhgghf
ihgbfZgbbwlh]hkeh\ZA^_kvj_qvfh`_lb^lbkdhj__h[wfmeypbb'26êylh]hqlh[u\k_
`_eZxsb_ fh]eb ihjZ[hlZlv k ijb\uqguf bgl_jn_ckhf dhfZg^ghc kljhdb < k_Zgk_ '26
:LQGRZV17fgh]b_'26ijh]jZffu jZ[hlZlv g_ [m^ml B kbf\hevgh]h j_`bfZ wdjZgZ dhlh
juc\:LQGRZVoij_^r_kl\m_l aZ]jmad_]jZnbq_kdhch[hehqdb\ua^_kvg_m\b^bl_
>eyojZg_gbyiZjZf_ljh\baZ]jmadb^jZc\_jh\:LQGRZV17b:LQGRZV dZdb:LQ
GRZVobkihevamxl kbkl_fgucj__kljNZceh\Config.sysAutoexec.batb.inia^_kv
g_l \hh[s_ ;he__ lh]h fh^_jgbabjh\Zlv :LQGRZVo ^h :LQGRZV17 g_\hafh`gh Ijb mk
lZgh\d_:LQGRZV17\k_ijbeh`_gbyijb^_lkymklZgZ\eb\Zlv bgZkljZb\ZlvaZgh\h
:LQGRZV17b:LQGRZV fh`_lbkihevah\Zlv nZceh\mxkbkl_fm)$7bihwlhfm\u
fh`_l_aZ]jm`Zlvdhfivxl_j k '26^bkdZ b bf_lv iheguc ^hklmi dh \k_f nZceZf H^gZdh
g_dhlhju_ ba kZfuo ijh]j_kkb\guo \hafh`ghkl_c :LQGRZV17 b :LQGRZV h[_ki_qb
\Zxlky__kh[kl\_gghcnZceh\hckbkl_fhc17)617)LOH6\VWHP17)6iha\hey_lkha^Z\Zlv
gZ^bkd_jZa^_euh[t_fhf^hL[ZcldZdb)$7 ghdjhf_wlh]h\g__\kljh_gunmgd
pbb k`Zlby nZceh\ [_ahiZkghklb b Zm^blZ g_h[oh^bfu_ ijb jZ[hl_ \ k_l_\hc kj_^_ : \
:LQGRZVij_îheZ]Z_lky j_Zebah\Zlvih^^_j`dmnZceh\hckbkl_fu)$7
MklZgh\dZhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu:LQGRZV17gZqbgZ_lkygZ^bkd_)$7ghih`_eZgbx
ihevah\Zl_ey \dhgp_mklZgh\db^Zggu_gZ^bkd_fh]ml[ulvdhg\_jlbjh\Zgu \nhjfZl17)6
Fh`ghk^_eZlvwlhbiha`_\hkihevah\Z\rbkv mlbeblhc Convert.exeihklZ\ey_fhc \f_
kl_khi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fhcIj_h[jZah\Zgguc dkbkl_f_17)6jZa^_e^bkdZklZgh\blkyg_
^hklmigufêy^jm]bohi_jZpbhgguo kbkl_fQlh[u\_jgmlvky\'26:LQGRZVbeb:LQ
GRZVogm`ghm^ZeblvjZa^_e17)6Z\f_klhg_]hkha^ZlvjZa^_e)$7
:LQGRZVfh`ghmklZgZ\eb\Zlv gZ^bkdknZceh\hckbkl_fhc)$7b17)6
Âåðñèè Windows NT
I_j\Zy\_jkbyhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu:LQGRZV17bf_eZghf_jb[ueZZghgkbjh\ZgZ
\ ]h^m =jZnbq_kdbc bgl_jn_ck :LQGRZV17 [ue ih^h[_g :LQGRZV Ke_^mxsZy
\_jkby kbkl_fu b \ueZ \uims_gZ \ \b^_ k_j\_jZ 6HUYHU b jZ[hq_c klZgpbb
Windows NT è Windows 2000 1015

:RUNVWDWLRQ<wlhc\_jkbbhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu:LQGRZV17\i_j\u_[ueZj_Zebah\ZgZ
\hafh`ghklv h[t_^bg_gby dhfivxl_jh\ \ ]jmiiu gZau\Z_fu_ ^hf_gZfb GRPDLQ Z lZd`_
^h[Z\e_gZih^^_j`dZijhlhdheZ7&3,3bgh\uok_j\bkh\'+&3b:,16
<hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_f_\_jkbb[uebaf_g_g]jZnbq_kdbc bgl_jn_ckihevah\Zl_ey ²
hgijbh[j_e\b^dZdm:LQGRZVoHi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ:LQGRZVijh^he`Z_ljZa\b
lb_ :LQGRZV17 l_i_jv hgZ h[eZ^Z_l ^hihegbl_evgufb k\hckl\Zfb gZijbf_j ih^^_j`dZ
mkljhckl\ 3OXJ DQG 3OD\ dZd \ :LQGRZVo jZkrbj_ggu_ \hafh`ghklb jZ[hq_]h klheZ b
ihevah\Zl_evkdh]h bgl_jn_ckZ
Çàãðóçêà Windows NT è Windows 2000

AZ]jmadZhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu:LQGRZV17beb:LQGRZVZgZeh]bqgZaZ]jmad_^jm
]bokbkl_f^hfhf_glZql_gbyaZ]jmahqghcaZibkbZdlb\gh]hjZa^_eZ<f_klhnZceh\Io.sys
b Msdos.sys\:LQGRZV17 aZimkdZ_lkyaZ]jmaqbdkbkl_fu NTLDRdhlhjucgZqbgZ_l
hij_^_eylv h[hjm^h\Zgb_ b iha\hey_l \u[jZlv kbkl_fm êy aZ]jmadb AZ]jm`Z_fu_ kbkl_fu
hij_^_eyxlky \nZce_Boot.ini
Ihke_\u[hjZbakibkdZaZ]jm`Z_fuo kbkl_f:LQGRZV17 aZ]jm`Z_lkynZce Ntde-
tect.combhij_^_ey_lky h[hjm^h\Zgb_ dhfivxl_jZAZl_f\iZfylvdhfivxl_jZaZ]jm`Z_l
ky y^jh :LQGRZV17 Ntoskrnl.exe b mjh\_gv ZiiZjZlguo Z[kljZdpbc Hal.dll Y^jh
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Êîìïîíåíòû Windows NT è Windows 2000

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Linux 1017

Ãëàâà 27
Ôàéëîâûå ñèñòåìû
è âîññòàíîâëåíèå
äàííûõ
Ñòðóêòóðû äèñêà FAT 1018
VFAT è äëèííûå èìåíà ôàéëîâ 1032
FAT 32 1034
Îøèáêè ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû FAT 1038
Âîññòàíîâëåíèå äèñêà è äàííûõ 1041
NTFS 1044
Íàèáîëåå ÷àñòî âñòðå÷àþùèåñÿ ñîîáùåíèÿ
îá îøèáêàõ 1046
Íàèáîëåå îáùèå ñïîñîáû ðåøåíèÿ ïðîáëåì
ñ ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìîé 1047
Ñòðóêòóðû äèñêà FAT
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guo \ dZ`^hf deZkl_j_ gZ ^bkd_ Kms_kl\m_l g_kdhevdh lbih\ nZceh\hc kbkl_fu )$7²
)$7 )$7 b)$7 HgbhlebqZxlkydhebq_kl\hf pbnjbkihevam_fuo \lZ[ebp_jZa
f_s_gby nZceh\ >jm]bfb keh\Zfb \ nZceh\hc kbkl_f_ )$7 bkihevam_lky jZajy^gh_
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1020 Ôàéëîâûå ñèñòåìû è âîññòàíîâëåíèå äàííûõ

Çàìå÷àíèå
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Çàãðóçî÷íûé ñåêòîð ãëàâíîãî ðàçäåëà
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ihevah\Zlv lhevdh h^bg jZa^_e JZa^_eu ^bkdZ bgh]^Z gZau\Zxl eh]bq_kdbfb lhfZfb ih
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[he__ihimeyjghc\gZklhys__\j_fy
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Îñíîâíûå è äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ðàçäåëû FAT

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juobf__lkyihh^ghfmjZa^_emeb[hh^bg`_kldbc^bkdkjZa^_eZfbeb[hg_kdhevdhgZ
dhibl_e_ckjZaguf dhebq_kl\hf jZa^_eh\ gh ijb mkeh\bb qlh h[s__ dhebq_kl\h jZa^_eh\
g_[hevr_?kebh[s__dhebq_kl\hjZa^_eh\ij_\ukblwlmpbnjm'26ijhklhijhb]ghjb
jm_lboohly^jm]b_hi_jZpbhggu_ kbkl_fufh]mljZ[hlZlvbk[hevrbfdhebq_kl\hf lhfh\
LZdh_h]jZgbq_gb_ '26k\yaZghkl_fqlh\eZlbgkdhfZenZ\bl_hl&^h=\k_]h[md\u
<gZqZe_dZ`^h]hjZa^_eZ'26kh^_j`blky aZ]jmahqguc k_dlhjeh]bq_kdh]h ^bkdZIjb
jZa[b_gbb^bkdZgZjZa^_eug_h[oh^bfh kha^ZlvZdlb\gucbebaZ]jmahqguc jZa^_eIjh
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ihegbl_evguc jZa^_e ^bkdZ êy 1RYHOO1HW:DUH 17)6 :LQGRZV17 +3)6 26
$,;81,; ;(1,; beb ^jm]hc nZceh\hc kbkl_fu bkihevamy kbkl_fguc ^bkd k khhl\_l
kl\mxs_cijh]jZffhc jZa^_e_gby^bkdZ

JZa^_eu bkihevam_fu_ wlbfb hi_jZpbhggufb kbkl_fZfb g_^hklmigu ijb jZ[hl_ \
'26 <k_ ^_eh \ jZaebqbyo f_`^m nZceh\ufb kljmdlmjZfb '26 bkihevam_l kljmdlmjm
)$7dhlhjZylZd`_ih^^_j`b\Z_lky 26:LQGRZV17bg_dhlhjufb ^jm]bfbhi_jZpbhg
gufbkbkl_fZfb<lh`_\j_fy\26h[uqgh\f_klh)$7ijbf_gy_lky nZceh\Zykbkl_fZ
+3)6+LJK3HUIRUPDQFH )LOH6\VWHPZ:LQGRZV17ihevam_lkykh[kl\_gghc nZceh\hckbk
l_fhc17)617)LOH6\VWHPbl^
<lZ[eijb\_^_gnhjfZllZ[ebpujZa^_eh\dhlhjZyojZgblky \ k_dlhj_ ]eZ\ghc aZ
]jmahqghcaZibkb
Òàáëèöà 27.1. Ãëàâíàÿ çàãðóçî÷íàÿ çàïèñü (òàáëèöà ðàçäåëîâ)
Ñìåùåíèå Äëèíà Îïèñàíèå
Ïåðâàÿ çàïèñü â òàáëèöå ðàçäåëîâ
1BEh 446 1 áàéò Èíäèêàòîð çàãðóçêè (80h àêòèâíûé, èíà÷å 00h)

1BFh 447 1 áàéò Ïåðâàÿ ãîëîâêà (èëè ñòîðîíà) ðàçäåëà
1C0h 448 16 áèò Ïåðâûé öèëèíäð (10 áèò) è ñåêòîð (6 áèò)
1C2h 450 1 áàéò Áàéò èäåíòèôèêàöèè ñèñòåìû (òàáë. 27.2)
1C3h 451 1 áàéò Ïîñëåäíÿÿ ãîëîâêà (ñòîðîíà) ðàçäåëà
1C4h 452 16 áèò Ïîñëåäíèé öèëèíäð (10 áèò) è ñåêòîð (6 áèò)
1C6h 454 Îäíî äâîéíîå ñëîâî Îòíîñèòåëüíîå ñìåùåíèå ïåðâîãî ñåêòîðà íà äèñêå
1CAh 458 Îäíî äâîéíîå ñëîâî Êîëè÷åñòâî ñåêòîðîâ â ðàçäåëå
Âòîðàÿ çàïèñü â òàáëèöå ðàçäåëîâ
1CEh 462 1 áàéò Èíäèêàòîð çàãðóçêè (80h àêòèâíûé, èíà÷å 00h)

1CFh 463 1 áàéò Ïåðâàÿ ãîëîâêà (èëè ñòîðîíà) ðàçäåëà
1D0h 464 16 áèò Ïåðâûé öèëèíäð (10 áèò) è ñåêòîð (6 áèò)
1D2h 466 1 áàéò Áàéò èäåíòèôèêàöèè ñèñòåìû (ñì. òàáë. 27.2)
1D3h 467 1 áàéò Ïîñëåäíÿÿ ãîëîâêà (ñòîðîíà) ðàçäåëà
1D4h 468 16 áèò Ïîñëåäíèé öèëèíäð (10 áèò) è ñåêòîð (6 áèò)
1D6h 470 Îäíî äâîéíîå ñëîâî Îòíîñèòåëüíîå ñìåùåíèå ïåðâîãî ñåêòîðà íà äèñêå
1DAh 474 Îäíî äâîéíîå ñëîâî Êîëè÷åñòâî ñåêòîðîâ â ðàçäåëå
Òðåòüÿ çàïèñü â òàáëèöå ðàçäåëîâ
1DEh 478 1 áàéò Èíäèêàòîð çàãðóçêè (80h àêòèâíûé, èíà÷å 00h)

1DFh 479 1 áàéò Ïåðâàÿ ãîëîâêà (èëè ñòîðîíà) ðàçäåëà
1E0h 480 16 áèò Ïåðâûé öèëèíäð (10 áèò) è ñåêòîð (6 áèò)
1E2h 482 1 áàéò Áàéò èäåíòèôèêàöèè ñèñòåìû (ñì. òàáë. 27.2)
1E3h 483 1 áàéò Ïîñëåäíÿÿ ãîëîâêà (ñòîðîíà) ðàçäåëà
1E4h 484 16 áèò Ïîñëåäíèé öèëèíäð (10 áèò) è ñåêòîð (6 áèò)
1E6h 486 Îäíî äâîéíîå ñëîâî Îòíîñèòåëüíîå ñìåùåíèå ïåðâîãî ñåêòîðà íà äèñêå
1EAh 490 Îäíî äâîéíîå ñëîâî Êîëè÷åñòâî ñåêòîðîâ â ðàçäåëå
×åòâåðòàÿ çàïèñü â òàáëèöå ðàçäåëîâ
1EEh 494 1 áàéò Èíäèêàòîð çàãðóçêè (80h àêòèâíûé, èíà÷å 00h)

1EFh 495 1 áàéò Ïåðâàÿ ãîëîâêà (èëè ñòîðîíà) ðàçäåëà

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Ñìåùåíèå Äëèíà Îïèñàíèå
×åòâåðòàÿ çàïèñü â òàáëèöå ðàçäåëîâ
1F0h 496 16 áèò Ïåðâûé öèëèíäð (10 áèò) è ñåêòîð (6 áèò)

1F2h 498 1 áàéò Áàéò èäåíòèôèêàöèè ñèñòåìû (ñì. òàáë. 27.2)
1F3h 499 1 áàéò Ïîñëåäíÿÿ ãîëîâêà (ñòîðîíà) ðàçäåëà
1F4h 500 16 áèò Ïîñëåäíèé öèëèíäð (10 áèò) è ñåêòîð (6 áèò)
1F6h 502 Îäíî äâîéíîå ñëîâî Îòíîñèòåëüíîå ñìåùåíèå ïåðâîãî ñåêòîðà íà äèñêå
1FAh 506 Îäíî äâîéíîå ñëîâî Êîëè÷åñòâî ñåêòîðîâ â ðàçäåëå
Áàéòû ñèãíàòóðû
1FEh 510 2 áàéò Ñèãíàòóðà çàãðóçî÷íîãî ñåêòîðà (55AAh)
Keh\hkhhl\_lkl\m_l^\mf[ZclZf\h[jZlghfihjy^d_^\hcgh_keh\h²^\mfkeh\Zf\h[
jZlghfihjy^d_
< lZ[e ijb\_^_gu klZg^Zjlgu_ Z \ lZ[e g_klZg^Zjlgu_ agZq_gby [ZclZ b^_g
lbnbdZpbbkbkl_fu
Òàáëèöà 27.2. Áàéò èäåíòèôèêàöèè ñèñòåìû â òàáëèöå ðàçäåëîâ
(ñòàíäàðòíûå çíà÷åíèÿ)
Çíà÷åíèå Òèï ðàçäåëà Ðåæèì òðàíñëÿöèè Ðàçìåð ðàçäåëà
00h Íåò
01h Îñíîâíîé, FAT 12 CHS 015 Ìáàéò
04h Îñíîâíîé, FAT 16 CHS 1632 Ìáàéò
05h Äîïîëíèòåëüíûé CHS 1632 Ìáàéò
06h Îñíîâíîé, FAT 16 CHS 32 Ìáàéò2 Ãáàéò
0Eh Îñíîâíîé, FAT 16 LBA 32 Ìáàéò2 Ãáàéò
0Fh Äîïîëíèòåëüíûé LBA 32 Ìáàéò2 Ãáàéò
0Bh Îñíîâíîé, FAT 32 LBA 512 Ìáàéò2 Òáàéò
0Ch Äîïîëíèòåëüíûé LBA 512 Ìáàéò2 Òáàéò
Òàáëèöà 27.3. Áàéò èäåíòèôèêàöèè ñèñòåìû â òàáëèöå ðàçäåëîâ

(íåñòàíäàðòíûå çíà÷åíèÿ)
Çíà÷åíèå Òèï ðàçäåëà
02h Êîðíåâîé ðàçäåë MS-XENIX

03h Ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêèé ðàçäåë MS-XENIX
07h Ðàçäåë ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû HPFS OS/2
08h Ðàçäåë ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû AIX
09h Çàãðóçî÷íûé ðàçäåë AIX
50h Ðàçäåë Ontrack Disk Manager òîëüêî äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ
51h Ðàçäåë Ontrack Disk Manager äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ è çàïèñè

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Çíà÷åíèå Òèï ðàçäåëà
56h Ðàçäåë Golden Bow Vfeature

61h Ðàçäåë Storage Dimensions Speedstor
63h Ðàçäåë IBM 386/ix èëè UNIX System V/386
64h Ðàçäåë Novell NetWare
75h Ðàçäåë IBM PCIX
DBh Ðàçäåë Digital Research Concurrent DOS/CPM-86
F2h Âòîðîé ðàçäåë DOS âåðñèè 3.2+ (ó íåêîòîðûõ ïðîèçâîäèòåëåé)
FFh Ðàçäåë äåôåêòíûõ áëîêîâ UNIX
Ijb\hkklZgh\e_gbb ih\j_`^_ggh]h ^bkdZijb\_^_ggu_ \lZ[ebagZq_gbyfh`

gh\\_klbkihfhsvxijh]jZffu'LVNHGLWbaiZd_lZ1RUWRQ8WLOLWLHV
Íåäîêóìåíòèðîâàííûå âîçìîæíîñòè ïðîãðàììû Fdisk
Fdisk ¶âØÔÕÖÔÖÈÒÒÈ×ÔÜÌÓáÉÔÑáÝÏÒÏÊÔÎÒÔÍÓÔ×ØÇÒÏ²ÔØÔÖàÌÉàÑÏÌÞÌÉÔÑÌÌÖÈ×ÝÏå
ÖÌÓàÊ'26Ï×ÑÌË¿ãÞÏÚÊÌÖ×ÏÇÚl×ÔÍÈÑÌÓÏãâØÏÊÔÎÒÔÍÓÔ×ØÏÓÏ²ÔËÈÓÌËÔ²¿ÒÌÓØÏÖÔå
ÊÈÑÏ×áÊÖ¿²ÔÊÔË×ØÊÌÕÔ'26ÏÓÌÉàÑÏÔÕÏ×ÈÓàËÈÍÌÊ:LQGRZVsÈÒàÒÊÈÍÓàÒÏÎÓÌËÔ²¿å
ÒÌÓØÏÖÔÊÈÓÓàÚÕÈÖÈÒÌØÖÔÊÇÊÑÇÌØ×Ç/MBR sÌÔÕÔÒÔÞáãÕÖÔÖÈÒÒÈFdisk ÕÌÖÌÎÈÕÏ×àÊÈÌØ
ËÈÓÓàÌÊÑÈÊÓÔÒÎÈÖ¿ÎÔÜÓÔÒ×Ì²ØÔÖÌÔ×ØÈÊÑÇÇÓÌÏÎÒÌÓÓàÒÏØÈÉÑÏÛàÖÈÎÉÏÌÓÏÇ
qÈÖÈÒÌØÖ /MBR ×ÑÔÊÓÔ ×ÕÌÛÏÈÑáÓÔ ÕÖÌËÓÈÎÓÈÜÌÓ ËÑÇ ¿ÓÏÜØÔÍÌÓÏÇ ÊÏÖ¿×ÔÊ ·ÎÈÖÈÍÈãÞÏÚ¸
ÑÈÊÓàÐ ÎÈÖ¿ÎÔÜÓàÐ ×Ì²ØÔÖ ËÏ×²È ÛÏÑÏÓËÖ ÔÑÔÊ²È ×Ì²ØÔÖ yØÔÉà ÊÔ×ÕÔÑáÎÔÊÈØá×Ç
âØÔÐÊÔÎÒÔÍÓÔ×ØáãÊÊÌËÏØÌ×ÑÌË¿ãÞ¿ã²ÔÒÈÓË¿IGLVNPEU
qÔ×ÑÌ âØÔÔ Fdisk ÕÌÖÌÎÈÕÏÝÌØ ²ÔË ÎÈÖ¿ÎÔÜÓÔÔ ×Ì²ØÔÖÈ Ô×ØÈÊÑÇÇ ØÈÉÑÏÛà ÖÈÎÉÏÌÓÏÇ ÓÌå
ÏÎÒÌÓÓàÒÏ d ÓÔÖÒÈÑáÓÔ ÖÈÉÔØÈãÞÌÐ ×Ï×ØÌÒÌ âØÔ ÓÌ ÕÖÏÊÌËÌØ ² ÕÖÔÉÑÌÒÈÒ ÓÔ ÓÈ Ê×Ç²ÏÐ
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jÒÌÐØÌÊÊÏË¿ØÈÉÑÏÛàÖÈÎÉÏÌÓÏÇÉ¿Ë¿ØÕÌÖÌÎÈÕÏ×ÈÓàÊØÔÒ×Ñ¿ÜÈÌÌ×ÑÏÉÈÐØÈ²ÔÓØÖÔÑáå
ÓÔÔ²ÔËÈ×ÏÓÈØ¿Öà$$KÊ²ÔÓÛÌ×Ì²ØÔÖÈÔ²ÈÍ¿Ø×ÇÕÔÊÖÌÍËÌÓÓàÒÏoÔâØÈ×ÏØ¿ÈÛÏÇÒÈå
ÑÔÊÌÖÔÇØÓÈoÈ×ÈÒÔÒËÌÑÌÊ×Ñ¿ÜÈÌÕÔÊÖÌÍËÌÓÏÇÉÈÐØÔÊ×ÏÓÈØ¿ÖàÊà×ÖÈÎ¿ÍÌÔÉâØÔÒ¿Îå
ÓÈÌØÌ ×Ï×ØÌÒÈ ÕÌÖÌ×ØÈÓÌØ ÎÈÖ¿ÍÈØá×Ç Ï É¿ËÌØ ÊÌ×ØÏ ×ÌÉÇ ØÈ² ²È² É¿ËØÔ ÖÈÎÉÏÌÓÏÇ ËÏ×²È
ÊÔÔÉÞÌÓÌ×¿ÞÌ×ØÊ¿ÌØ
Çàãðóçî÷íûé ñåêòîð
AZ]jmahqguc k_dlhj² wlh i_j\uc k_dlhj gZ ex[hf eh]bq_kdhf ^bkd_ '26 GZijbf_j
gZ ^bkd_l_ beb gZ ^bkd_ =LS wlh kZfuc i_j\uc nbabq_kdbc k_dlhj lZd dZd ^bkd_lm g_evay
jZa[blvgZjZa^_eubhgZbf__llhevdhh^bgeh]bq_kdbc^bkdGZ`_kldhf^bkd_aZ]jmahqguc
k_dlhjk_dlhjujZkiheZ]Z_lky \gZqZe_dZ`^h]hjZa^_eZg_y\eyxs_]hky ^hihegbl_evguf
beb\gZqZe_ex[hch[eZklb^bkdZjZkihagZ\Z_fhc dZdeh]bq_kdbc^bkd'26
Wlbk_dlhjug_fgh]hihoh`bgZaZ]jmahqgu_k_dlhjujZa^_eh\lZddZdkh^_j`ZllZ[ebpu
khki_pbZevghcbgnhjfZpb_c heh]bq_kdhf^bkd_
;ehd iZjZf_ljh\ ^bkdZ \ dhlhjhf kh^_j`blky ki_pbnbq_kdZy bgnhjfZpby gZijbf_j
jZaf_jjZa^_eZdhebq_kl\hbkihevam_fuok_dlhjh\^bkdZjZaf_jdeZkl_jZbf_ldZlhfZ
AZ]jmahqgucdh^²ijh]jZffZdhlhjZygZqbgZ_lijhp_kkaZ]jmadbhi_jZpbhgghc kbk
l_fu>ey'26b:LQGRZV[wlhnZceIo.sys
AZ]jmahqguck_dlhj^bkd_luaZ]jm`Z_lky520%,26ZijbaZ]jmad_kbkl_fuk`_kldh]h
^bkdZ 0%5 i_j_^Z_l mijZ\e_gb_ aZ]jmahqghfm k_dlhjm Zdlb\gh]h jZa^_eZ < h[hbo kemqZyo
aZ]jmahqguc k_dlhj eh]bq_kdh]h ^bkdZ ihemqZ_l mijZ\e_gb_ Hg \uihegy_l g_dhlhju_ ijh

\_jdbbaZl_fiulZ_lkyijhqblZlvk^bkdZi_j\uckbkl_fgucnZce\'26:LQGRZVwlhnZce
Io.sysAZ]jmahqguck_dlhjg_\b^_glZddZdgZoh^blky\g_h[eZklbojZg_gbynZceh\eh
]bq_kdh]h^bkdZ
Çàìå÷àíèå
cÔÑáÝÏÓ×ØÊÔ ×ÔÊÖÌÒÌÓÓàÚ ×Ï×ØÌÒ ÕÔËËÌÖÍÏÊÈãØ ÎÈÖ¿Î²¿ × ËÖ¿ÏÚ ¿×ØÖÔÐ×ØÊ È ÓÌ ØÔÑá²Ô ×
ËÏ×²ÌØà ØÈ ÊÔÎÒÔÍÓÔ×Øá ÔÉÌ×ÕÌÜÏÊÈÌØ×Ç ×Ï×ØÌÒÓÔÐ %,26 oÈÕÖÏÒÌÖ ÓÌ²ÔØÔÖàÌ ×Ï×ØÌÒà
ÒÔ¿Ø ÎÈÖ¿ÍÈØá×Ç × ÓÈ²ÔÕÏØÌÑÇ &'å520 ÏÑÏ ËÏ×²È =LS Ê ËÔÕÔÑÓÌÓÏÌ ² ÎÈÖ¿Î²Ì × ÍÌ×Ø²ÔÔ
ËÏ×²ÈÏËÏ×²ÌØà
AZ]jmahqguck_dlhjeh]bq_kdh]h ^bkdZkha^Z_lkyijh]jZffhc'26b:LQGRZVoFormat
GZ `_kldhf ^bkd_ aZ]jmahqgu_ k_dlhju _klv \ gZqZe_ dZ`^h]h eh]bq_kdh]h ^bkdZ dZd \ hk
gh\ghflZdb\^hihegbl_evghf jZa^_eZo<k_aZ]jmahqgu_k_dlhjugZjy^mk^Zggufbheh
]bq_kdhf^bkd_kh^_j`Zlki_pbZevgmx aZibkvh^gZdhijb aZ]jmad_ \uihegy_lky dh^ lhevdh
lh]hk_dlhjZdhlhjucgZoh^blky\Zdlb\ghfjZa^_e_HklZevgu_k_dlhjuijhklhkqblu\Zxl
kyhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fhcêyhij_^_e_gbyiZjZf_ljh\eh]bq_kdbo^bkdh\
AZ]jmahqguck_dlhjeh]bq_kdh]h ^bkdZkhklhblbaijh]jZffu\uihegy_fh]h dh^Zbh[
eZklb^ZgguoWlZbgnhjfZpbyg_h[oh^bfZhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_f_êyhij_^_e_gbyjZaf_jZ
eh]bq_kdh]h ^bkdZ b jZaf_s_gby lZdbo kljmdlmj dZd )$7 NhjfZl [ehdZ iZjZf_ljh\ ^bkdZ
\_kvfZki_pbnbq_gHrb[db\wlhf[ehd_fh]mlijb\_klbdijh[e_fZfijbaZ]jmad_'26beb
dhlkmlkl\bx^hklmiZd^bkdm
<lZ[eijb\_^_gunhjfZluaZ]jmahqgh]h k_dlhjZ'26jZaebqguo\_jkbc
Òàáëèöà 27.4. Ôîðìàòû çàãðóçî÷íîé çàïèñè ðàçëè÷íûõ âåðñèé DOS
Ñìåùåíèå
HEX DEC Äëèíà ïîëÿ Îïèñàíèå
00h 0 3 áàéò Êîìàíäà ïåðåõîäà íà êîä çàãðóçêè

03h 3 8 áàéò Èìÿ ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ è âåðñèÿ DOS
0Bh 11 Îäíî ñëîâî Ðàçìåð ñåêòîðà â áàéòàõ (îáû÷íî 512)
0Dh 13 1 áàéò Ðàçìåð êëàñòåðà â ñåêòîðàõ (ñòåïåíü ÷èñëà 2)
0Eh 14 Îäíî ñëîâî Êîëè÷åñòâî çàðåçåðâèðîâàííûõ ñåêòîðîâ
(îáû÷íî 1)
10h 16 1 áàéò Êîëè÷åñòâî êîïèé FAT (îáû÷íî 2)
11h 17 Îäíî ñëîâî Ìàêñèìàëüíîå êîëè÷åñòâî çàïèñåé â êîðíåâîì
êàòàëîãå (îáû÷íî 512)
13h 19 Îäíî ñëîâî Âñåãî ñåêòîðîâ (åñëè ðàçäåë íå áîëüøå 32 Ìáàéò,
â ïðîòèâíîì ñëó÷àå 0)
15h 21 1 áàéò Áàéò îïèñàíèÿ äèñêà (F8h äëÿ æåñòêîãî äèñêà)
16h 22 Îäíî ñëîâî Ðàçìåð FAT â ñåêòîðàõ
18h 24 Îäíî ñëîâî Êîëè÷åñòâî ñåêòîðîâ íà äîðîæêå
1Ah 26 Îäíî ñëîâî Êîëè÷åñòâî ãîëîâîê
1Ch 28 Îäíî äâîéíîå ñëîâî Êîëè÷åñòâî ñêðûòûõ ñåêòîðîâ (åñëè ðàçäåë íå
áîëüøå 32 Ìáàéò, òî òîëüêî îäíî ñëîâî)

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Ñìåùåíèå
Äëÿ DOS âåðñèè 4.0 è áîëåå ïîçäíèõ, èíà÷å 00h
20h 32 Îäíî äâîéíîå ñëîâî Âñåãî ñåêòîðîâ (åñëè ðàçäåë áîëüøå 32 Ìáàéò,
èíà÷å 0)
24h 36 1 áàéò Ôèçè÷åñêèé íîìåð äèñêà (00h äèñêîâîä,
80h æåñòêèé äèñê)
25h 37 1 áàéò Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî (00h)
26h 38 1 áàéò Ñèãíàòóðà ðàñøèðåííîé çàãðóçî÷íîé çàïèñè (29h)
27h 39 Îäíî äâîéíîå ñëîâî Ñåðèéíûé íîìåð òîìà (32-ðàçðÿäíîå ñëó÷àéíîå
÷èñëî)
2Bh 43 11 áàéò Ìåòêà òîìà (NO NAME, åñëè íåò ìåòêè)
36h 54 8 áàéò Èäåíòèôèêàòîð ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû (FAT12 èëè
FAT16)
Äëÿ âñåõ âåðñèé DOS
3Eh 62 448 áàéò Êîä ïðîãðàììû çàãðóçêè

1FEh 510 2 áàéò Áàéòû ñèãíàòóðû (55AAh)
jZlghfihjy^d_
Êîðíåâîé êàòàëîã
DZlZeh]² wlh [ZaZ ^Zgguo kh^_j`ZsZy bgnhjfZpbx h aZibkZgguo gZ ^bkd_ nZceZo
DZ`^ZyaZibkv\g_cbf__lêbgm[Zclbf_`^maZibkyfbg_^he`gh[ulvgbdZdbojZa^_
ebl_e_c<dZlZeh]_khojZgy_lkyijZdlbq_kdb\kybgnhjfZpbyhnZce_dhlhjhcjZkiheZ]Z_l
hi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ
bfynZceZbjZkrbj_gb_²\hk_fvkbf\heh\bf_gbbljbkbf\heZjZkrbj_gbylhqdZ
f_`^mbf_g_fbjZkrbj_gb_f nZceZih^jZamf_\Z_lky ghg_\dexqZ_lky\wlmaZibkv
Çàìå÷àíèå
d:LQGRZVÚÏÒÇÙÈÐÑÈÒÔÍÌØ×Ô×ØÔÇØáÏÎ×ÏÒÊÔÑÔÊÊ×ØÖ¿²Ø¿ÖÌ²ÈØÈÑÔÈ
[Zcl Zljb[mlh\ nZceZ kh^_j`Zsbc neZ] dhlhjuc ij_^klZ\ey_l klZg^Zjlgu_ Zljb

[mlunZceZ
\j_fyb^ZlZkha^ZgbynZceZbeb_]hfh^bnbdZpbb
jZaf_jnZceZ\[ZclZo
kkuedZgZgZqZevgucdeZkl_j²ghf_jdeZkl_jZkdhlhjh]hgZqbgZ_lkynZce
BgnhjfZpbyhjZkiheh`_gbb nZceZl_jZkiheh`_gb_ hklZ\rbokydeZkl_jh\kh^_j`bl
ky\)$7
Kms_kl\m_l ^\Zhkgh\guolbiZ dZlZeh]h\ dhjg_\hc dZlZeh] b ih^dZlZeh] JZaebqZxlky
hgbfZdkbfZevguf dhebq_kl\hf ojZgysbokynZceh\GZdZ`^hfeh]bq_kdhf^bkd_\nbdkb
jh\Zgghff_kl_kjZam`_aZdhibyfb)$7jZkiheZ]Z_lky dhjg_\hcdZlZeh]JZaf_judhjg_
\uodZlZeh]h\\Zjvbjmxlky\aZ\bkbfhklbhljZaf_jZ^bkdZghdZ`ûcdhgdj_lgucdhjg_\hc
dZlZeh]bf__lnbdkbjh\Zggh_fZdkbfZevgh_ qbkehnZceh\>ebgZdhjg_\h]hdZlZeh]Znbdkb

jm_lkyijbkha^Zgbbeh]bq_kdh]h ^bkdZbg_fh`_l[ulvbaf_g_gZ\ijhp_kk_jZ[hluJZaf_j
dhjg_\h]h dZlZeh]Z jZaebqguo gZdhibl_e_c ijb\_^_g \ lZ[e < hlebqb_ hl dhjg_\h]h
dZlZeh]Zih^dZlZeh]fh`_lojZgblvijhba\hevgh_ dhebq_kl\hnZceh\bjZkrbjylvky ihf_j_
g_h[oh^bfhklb
Òàáëèöà 27.5. Ðàçìåð êîðíåâîãî êàòàëîãà
Òèï íàêîïèòåëÿ Ìàêñèìàëüíîå êîëè÷åñòâî çàïèñåé
Æåñòêèé äèñê 512

Äèñêîâîä 1,44 Ìáàéò 224
Äèñêîâîä 2,88 Ìáàéò 448
Jaz è Zip 512
LS-120 512
Sparq 512
Çàìå÷àíèå
pËÓÔÏÎÕÖÌÏÒ¿ÞÌ×ØÊ)$7ÎÈ²ÑãÜÈÌØ×ÇÊØÔÒÜØÔ²ÔÖÓÌÊÔÐ²ÈØÈÑÔÒÔÍÌØÖÈ×ÕÔÑÈÈØá×ÇÊ
ÑãÉÔÒÒÌ×ØÌËÏ×²ÈÏ×ÔËÌÖÍÈØáÓÌÔÖÈÓÏÜÌÓÓÔÌ²ÔÑÏÜÌ×ØÊÔÎÈÕÏ×ÌÐ
<k_dZlZeh]bbf_xlh^bgZdh\mxkljmdlmjmAZibkb\wlhc[Za_^ZgguokhojZgyxl\Z`gmx
bgnhjfZpbx hnZceZodhlhjZyk\yaZgZkbgnhjfZpb_c ojZgys_cky\)$7ihkj_^kl\hf h^
gh]hbaihe_caZibkb²ghf_jZi_j\h]haZgbfZ_fh]h nZcehfdeZkl_jZgZ^bkd_?keb[u\k_
nZceugZ^bkd_g_ij_\urZebjZaf_jh\h^gh]hdeZkl_jZihlj_[ghklb \ )$7 \hh[s_ [u g_
\hagbdeh<)$7kh^_j`blkybgnhjfZpbyhnZce_hlkmlkl\mxsZy \dZlZeh]_²ghf_jZdeZ
kl_jh\\dhlhjuojZkiheh`_g\_kvnZce
Qlh[u hlke_^blv jZkiheh`_gb_ \k_]h nZceZ gZ ^bkd_ h[jZlbl_kv d dZlZeh]m b \uykgbl_
ghf_j i_j\h]h deZkl_jZ b êbgm nZceZ AZl_f bkihevamy lZ[ebpm jZaf_s_gby nZceh\ ijh
kfhljbl_p_ihqdmdeZkl_jh\aZgbfZ_fuonZcehfihdZg_^hc^_l_^hdhgpZnZceZ
NhjfZl[Zclh\hcaZibkb\dZlZeh]_ijb\_^_g\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 27.6. Ôîðìàò êàòàëîãà
Ñìåùåíèå
Hex Dec Äëèíà ïîëÿ Îïèñàíèå
00h 0 8 áàéò Èìÿ ôàéëà

08h 8 3 áàéò Ðàñøèðåíèå ôàéëà
0Bh 11 1 áàéò Àòðèáóòû ôàéëà
0Ch 12 10 áàéò Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî (00h)
16h 22 Îäíî ñëîâî Âðåìÿ ñîçäàíèÿ
18h 24 Îäíî ñëîâî Äàòà ñîçäàíèÿ
1Ah 26 Îäíî ñëîâî Íà÷àëüíûé êëàñòåð
1Ch 28 Îäíî äâîéíîå ñëîâî Ðàçìåð ôàéëà â áàéòàõ
jZlghfihjy^d_

Bf_gZ nZceh\ b bo jZkrbj_gby aZibkZgu k ijb\yadhc d e_\hfm djZx b ^hiheg_gu ^h
fZdkbfZevghc êbguijh[_eZfbl_bfynZceZ$/[m^_lj_ZevghkhojZg_ghdZd$/]^_
lhqdb h[hagZqZxl ijh[_eu I_j\uc [Zcl bf_gb nZceZ lZd`_ fh`_l h[hagZqZlv _]h khklhy
gb_dZdijb\_^_gh\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 27.7. Áàéò ñîñòîÿíèÿ çàïèñè êàòàëîãà (ïåðâûé áàéò)
Hex Ñîñòîÿíèå ôàéëà
00h Çàïèñü íèêîãäà íå èñïîëüçîâàëàñü; íèæå ýòîé çàïèñè ïîèñê íå âûïîëíÿåòñÿ

05h Ïåðâûé ñèìâîë èìåíè ôàéëà â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ E5h
E5h Ôàéë óäàëåí
2Eh Òî÷êà (.) ïîêàçûâàåò, ÷òî çàïèñü ÿâëÿåòñÿ êàòàëîãîì. Åñëè è âòîðîé áàéò 2Eh, òî ïîëå íà-
÷àëüíîãî êëàñòåðà ñîäåðæèò íîìåð êëàñòåðà ðîäèòåëüñêîãî êàòàëîãà (0000h, åñëè ðîäèòåëü-
ñêèé êàòàëîã êîðíåâîé)
<lZ[eijb\h^ylkybkihevam_fu_ \aZibkyodZlZeh]h\Zljb[mlunZceh\
Òàáëèöà 27.8. Àòðèáóòû ôàéëîâ
Ïîçèöèÿ áèòà â øåñòíàäöàòåðè÷íîì ôîðìàòå
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Çíà÷åíèå Îïèñàíèå
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 01h Òîëüêî äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ

0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 02h Ñêðûòûé
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 04h Ñèñòåìíûé
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 08h Ìåòêà òîìà
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 10h Ïîäêàòàëîã
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 20h Àðõèâíûé (èçìåíåííûé)
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 40h Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 80h Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî
Ïðèìåðû
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 07h Ñèñòåìíûé, ñêðûòûé, òîëüêî äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ

0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 21h Òîëüêî äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ, àðõèâíûé
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 32h Ñêðûòûé, ïîäêàòàëîã, àðõèâíûé
0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 27h Òîëüêî äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ, ñêðûòûé, ñèñòåìíûé,
àðõèâíûé
Òàáëèöà ðàçìåùåíèÿ ôàéëîâ

LZ[ebpZ jZaf_s_gby nZceh\ )$7 kh^_j`bl ghf_jZ deZkl_jh\ \ dhlhjuo jZkiheh`_gu
nZceu gZ ^bkd_ DZ`^hfm deZkl_jm \ )$7 khhl\_lkl\m_l h^gh qbkeh K_dlhju g_ kh^_j`Z
sb_ihevah\Zl_evkdbo ^ZgguonZceh\g_hljZ`_gu\)$7DlZdbfk_dlhjZfhlghkylkyaZ
]jmahqgu_k_dlhjulZ[ebpujZaf_s_gbynZceh\bk_dlhjudhjg_\h]hdZlZeh]Z
<nZceh\hckbkl_f_)$7^bkdh\h_ijhkljZgkl\h jZa[b\Z_lkyg_gZk_dlhjuZgZ]jmiiu
k_dlhjh\ dhlhju_ gZau\Zxlky deZkl_jZfb yq_cdZfb jZaf_s_gby DeZkl_j kh^_j`bl h^bg
beb g_kdhevdh k_dlhjh\ JZaf_j deZkl_jZ hij_^_ey_lky ijb ^_e_gbb ^bkdZ gZ jZa^_eu k ih
fhsvx ijh]jZffu Fdisk b aZ\bkbl hl jZaf_jZ kha^Z\Z_fh]h jZa^_eZ GZbf_gvrbc jZaf_j
^bkdZdhlhjucfh`_laZgbfZlvnZceg_gme_\h]hjZaf_jZ²h^bgdeZkl_jDZ`ûcnZcebk

ihevam_lp_eh_qbkehdeZkl_jh\GZijbf_j_kebnZceaZgbfZ_lgZh^bg[Zcl[hevr_jZaf_jZ
deZkl_jZlhêy_]hjZaf_s_gbygZ^bkd_[m^_l\u^_e_gh^\ZdeZkl_jZ
)$7² wlh we_dljhggZy lZ[ebpZ mijZ\eyxsZy jZkij_^_e_gb_f ^bkdh\h]h ijhkljZgkl\Z
DZ`^Zy yq_cdZ wlhc lZ[ebpu k\yaZgZ k hij_^_e_gguf deZkl_jhf gZ ^bkd_ Qbkeh kh^_j`Z
s__ky\wlhcyq_cd_khh[sZ_lhlhfbkihevah\Zgeb^ZggucdeZkl_jih^dZdhceb[hnZceb
_kebbkihevah\Zg]^_gZoh^blkyke_^mxsbcdeZkl_jwlh]hnZceZ
DZ`^Zyyq_cdZ)$7ojZgblr_klgZ^pZl_jbqgh_ agZq_gb_êbghc beb[blR_klgZ
^pZlbjZajy^gu_ )$7 [he__ m^h[gu \ jZ[hl_ lZd dZd agZqbl_evgh e_]q_ j_^Zdlbjh\Zlv ihey
jZaf_jhf\^\Z[ZclZq_f\ihelhjZQlh[ukZfhklhyl_evgh hlj_^Zdlbjh\Zlv )$7\u^he`
gu\uihegblvg_dhlhju_fZl_fZlbq_kdb_ ij_h[jZah\Zgby êyihemq_gbyghf_jZdeZkl_jZD
kqZklvxfgh]b_ijh]jZffuiha\heyxlhlj_^Zdlbjh\Zlv )$7Z\lhfZlbq_kdb ;hevrbgkl\h ba
wlbo ijh]jZff ij_^klZ\ey_l ghf_jZ deZkl_jh\ \ ^_kylbqghf \b^_ gZb[he__ m^h[ghf êy
ihevah\Zl_e_c <lZ[eijb\_^_gu^Zggu_hdZlZeh]_b)$7nZceg_njZ]f_glbjh\Zg
Òàáëèöà 27.9. Çàïèñè î íåôðàãìåíòèðîâàííîì ôàéëå â êàòàëîãå è FAT
Êàòàëîã
Èìÿ Íà÷àëüíûé êëàñòåð Ðàçìåð
Usconst.txt 1000 4
FAT 16
Íîìåð êëàñòåðà Çíà÷åíèå Íàçíà÷åíèå
00002 0 Ïåðâûé äîñòóïíûé êëàñòåð

... ... ...
00999 0 Êëàñòåð äîñòóïåí
01000 1001 Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ; ññûëêà íà ñëåäóþùèé êëàñòåð
01003 FFFFh Êîíåö ôàéëà
... ... ...
65526 0 Ïîñëåäíèé äîñòóïíûé êëàñòåð
< ^Zgghf ijbf_j_ aZibkv dZlZeh]Z mdZau\Z_l gZqZevguc deZkl_j \ dhlhjhf jZa
f_sZ_lkynZce<)$7deZkl_jukg_gme_\ufbagZq_gbyfbbkihevamxlky Zki_pbZevgh_ agZ
q_gb_ mdZau\Z_l ^Zevg_cr__ jZkiheh`_gb_ nZceZ < jZkkfZljb\Z_fhf ijbf_j_ \ deZkl_j_
mdZau\Z_lky deZkl_j \ ² \ ² Z \ aZibkZgh agZq_gb_
))))Kl_gZwlhfdeZkl_j_nZceaZdZgqb\Z_lky
JZkkfhljbf ijbf_j k njZ]f_glbjh\Zgguf nZcehf Imklv nZce Usconst.txt aZibkZg
gZqbgZykdeZkl_jZghf_j :nZce Pledge.txtgZqbgZ_lkykdeZkl_jZ LZdbfh[
jZahfnZce Usconst.txtklZgh\blkynjZ]f_glbjh\Zgguf HibkZggZykblmZpbybeexkljb
jm_lky^Zggufb\lZ[e

Òàáëèöà 27.10. Çàïèñè î ôðàãìåíòèðîâàííîì ôàéëå â êàòàëîãå è FAT
Êàòàëîã
Pledge.txt 1002 2
Usconst.txt 1000 4
FAT 16

... ... ...
... ... ...
<^Zgghfijbf_j_\nZce Usconst.txt³\g_^jy_lkyńZce Pledge.txtqlhijb\h^bl

dg_ihke_^h\Zl_evghfm jZkiheh`_gbx nZceh\gZ^bkd_l_njZ]f_glZpbb <hi_jZpbhgguo
kbkl_fZo'26b:LQGRZV_klvijh]jZffu^_njZ]f_glZpbb dhlhju_i_j_f_sZxl nZceuêy
boihke_^h\Zl_evgh]h jZaf_s_gbygZ^bkd_
I_j\u_ ^\_ aZibkb )$7 aZj_a_j\bjh\Zgu b kh^_j`Zl bgnhjfZpbx h kZfhc )$7 \k_ hk
lZevgu_mdZau\ZxlgZkhhl\_lkl\mxsb_ deZkl_ju^bkdZ;hevrbgkl\h aZibk_c)$7khklhbl
ba kkuehd gZ deZkl_ju \ dhlhjuo kh^_j`Zlky qZklb hij_^_e_ggh]h nZceZ Z g_dhlhju_ kh
^_j`Zlki_pbZevgu_ r_klgZ^pZl_jbqgu_ agZq_gby
K²deZkl_jg_bkihevam_lky
)))K²dZdfbgbfmfh^bgk_dlhj\deZkl_j_ih\j_`^_gbg_fh`_l[ulvbkihevah
\ZgêyojZg_gby^Zgguo
)))K±))))K²deZkl_jkh^_j`bldhg_pnZceZ
Lbibkihevam_fuo )$7hij_^_ey_lky ijh]jZffhc FdiskohlyaZibku\Zxlky hgb\ijh
p_kk_nhjfZlbjh\Zgby \ukhdh]hmjh\gyijh]jZffhc FormatGZ\k_o^bkd_lZoijbf_gy_lky
jZajy^gZy)$7ZgZ`_kldhf^bkd_fh`_lbkihevah\Zlvky dZdlZdbjZajy^gZy)$7
\ aZ\bkbfhklb hl jZaf_jZ eh]bq_kdh]h ^bkdZ GZ ^bkdZo jZaf_jhf f_gvr_ F[Zcl
k_dlhjh\ ijbf_gy_lky jZajy^gZy )$7 gZ ^bkdZo [hevr_]h jZaf_jZ²
jZajy^gZy Z gZ ^bkdZo jZaf_jhf [he__ F[Zcl ijb bkihevah\Zgbb :LQGRZV 265 b
:LQGRZV²jZajy^gZy)$7
Ijh]jZffZ Fdiskh[uqghkha^Z_lgZh^ghf^bkd_^\_dhibb)$7DZ`^ZydhibyaZgbfZ
_lg_kdhevdhihke_^h\Zl_evguo k_dlhjh\gZ^bkd_b\lhjZydhibyaZibku\Z_lky g_ihkj_^kl
\_ggh ihke_ i_j\hc D kh`Ze_gbx hi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ bkihevam_l \lhjmx dhibx )$7
lhevdh\lhfkemqZ_dh]^Z g_\hafh`gh ijhqblZlv k_dlhju kh^_j`Zsb_ i_j\mx dhibx LZ
dbfh[jZahf_kebi_j\Zydhiby)$7ijhiZ^_lhq_gvjZkijhkljZg_ggZy kblmZpbyhi_jZpb

hggZy kbkl_fZ g_ [m^_l bkihevah\Zlv \lhjmx dhibx >Z`_ dhfZg^Z Chkdsk g_ ijh\_jy_l
\lhjmxdhibx)$7Djhf_lh]hdZ`ûcjZadh]^Zhi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZh[gh\ey_li_j\mx
dhibx)$7[hevrb_ mqZkldb i_j\hc dhibb Z\lhfZlbq_kdb dhibjmxlky \h \lhjmx ?keb `_
i_j\Zydhibyih\j_`^_gZlhb\lhjZydhibyhdZ`_lkyih\j_`^_gghc ihke_h[gh\e_gby)$7
\lhjZy dhiby hljZ`Z_l \k_ baf_g_gby \ i_j\hc dhibb \dexqZy b hrb[db H[_ dhibb )$7
j_^dhhlebqZxlkyh^gZhl^jm]hcihdjZcg_c f_j_ \ l_q_gb_ ijh^he`bl_evgh]h kjhdZ ijb
h[gh\e_gbbi_j\Zydhiby)$7Z\lhfZlbq_kdb dhibjm_lky\h\lhjmxMqblu\Zy\k_wlhfh`
ghkdZaZlvqlhijbf_g_gb_\lhjhcdhibb)$7h]jZgbqb\Z_lky lhevdhhi_jZpbyfbih\hkklZ
gh\e_gbx ^_n_dlguo ^Zgguo Gh ^Z`_ \ lZdhc kblmZpbb bkihevah\Zlv \lhjmx dhibx )$7
fh`ghlhevdh\lhfkemqZ_dh]^Zijh[e_fZj_rZ_lkyg_f_ê_gghg_^h`b^Zykvhq_j_^gh]h
h[gh\e_gby)$7
Êëàñòåð (ÿ÷åéêà ðàçìåùåíèÿ)

L_jfbg deZkl_j \ '26 [ue aZf_g_g l_jfbghf yq_cdZ jZaf_s_gby DOORFDWLRQ XQLW
Gh\ucl_jfbg²wlhkbghgbfklZjh]hlZddZddeZkl_jy\ey_lkygZbf_gvr_cyq_cdhcgZ^bk
d_dhlhjhcfh`_lhi_jbjh\Zlvkbkl_fZijbql_gbbbebaZibkbnZceZgZ^bkdDeZkl_jkhhl
\_lkl\m_l h^ghfm beb qZs_ \k_]h g_kdhevdbf k_dlhjZf Wlh iha\hey_l mf_gvrblv jZaf_j
)$7bmkdhjblvjZ[hlmhi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fulZddZd_cijboh^blkyhi_jbjh\Zlvf_gvrbf
qbkehfjZkij_^_ey_fuo yq__d<lh`_\j_fykm\_ebq_gb_f jZaf_jZdeZkl_jZgZ^bkd_jZkl_l
bjZaf_jg_bkihevam_fh]h ^bkdh\h]hijhkljZgkl\Z lZd dZd _]h jZkij_^_e_gb_ ijhbkoh^bl k
^bkdj_lghklvx \h^bgdeZkl_j
< lZ[e ijb\_^_gu klZg^Zjlgu_ jZaf_ju deZkl_jh\ êy jZaebqguo nhjfZlh\
^bkd_l
Òàáëèöà 27.11. Ñòàíäàðòíûå ðàçìåðû êëàñòåðîâ äëÿ äèñêåò
Òèï äèñêà Ðàçìåð êëàñòåðà (ÿ÷åéêè ðàçìåùåíèÿ) Ïëîòíîñòü
5,25-äþéìîâûé íà 360 Êáàéò Äâà ñåêòîðà (1 024 áàéò) Íèçêàÿ

5,25-äþéìîâûé íà 1,2 Ìáàéò Îäèí ñåêòîð (512 áàéò) Âûñîêàÿ
3,5-äþéìîâûé íà 720 Êáàéò Äâà ñåêòîðà (1 024 áàéò) Íèçêàÿ
3,5-äþéìîâûé íà 1,44 Ìáàéò Îäèí ñåêòîð (512 áàéò) Âûñîêàÿ
3,5-äþéìîâûé íà 2,88 Ìáàéò Äâà ñåêòîðà (1 024 áàéò) Ýêñòðà
>h\hevghkljZggufy\ey_lkylhh[klhyl_evkl\h qlhg_dhlhju_^bkd_lu\ukhdhciehlgh
klbbf_xlf_gvrbcjZaf_jdeZkl_jZq_f^bkd_lugbadhciehlghklbM\_ebqb\Z_lky jZaf_j
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e__ =[Zcl Wlh h]jZgbq_gb_ ijb\h^bl d lhfm qlh ihevah\Zl_eb [hevrbo `_kldbo ^bkdh\
bkiulu\Zxl g_m^h[kl\Z \ hj]ZgbaZpbb nZceh\ \ bo jZkihjy`_gbb dZd fbgbfmf ljb ^bkdZ
^bkdjZaf_jhf=[Zclfh`ghjZa[blvgZljb^bkdZih=[Zcl
>eymkljZg_gbywlh]hh]jZgbq_gbynbjfZ0LFURVRIWij_êh`beZgh\mxnZceh\mxkbkl_fm
k jZkrbj_ggufb \hafh`ghklyfb gZau\Z_fmx )$7 WlZ nZceh\Zy kbkl_fZ jZ[hlZ_l dZd
klZg^ZjlgZy )$7 gh bf__l hlebqby \ hj]ZgbaZpbb ojZg_gbb nZceh\ Djhf_ lh]h )$7
fh`ghmklZgh\blvkihfhsvxijh]jZffu Fdisk\hlebqb_hl9)$7 dhlhjZy y\ey_lky qZ
klvx Vmm.vxdNZceh\Zykbkl_fZ)$7[ueZ\i_j\u_j_Zebah\ZgZ\hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_
f_:LQGRZV2(06HUYLFH5HOHDVH265HgZ\kljh_gZlZd`_b\:LQGRZVdjhf_lh
]h0LFURVRIWieZgbjm_l\dexqblvih^^_j`dm)$7\:LQGRZV17
Çàìå÷àíèå
qÔ×²ÔÑá²¿ )$7 ¿×ØÈÓÈÊÑÏÊÈÌØ×Ç ØÔÑá²Ô × ÕÔÒÔÞáã ÕÖÔÖÈÒÒà Fdisk Êà ÓÌ ×ÒÔÍÌØÌ Ï×å
ÕÔÑáÎÔÊÈØáâØ¿ÙÈÐÑÔÊ¿ã×Ï×ØÌÒ¿ÓÈËÏ×²ÌØÈÚÏËÏ×²ÈÚ×ßÌÒÓàÚ¿×ØÖÔÐ×ØÊÓÈÕÖÏÒÌÖ,RPHJD
=LS ²ÔØÔÖàÌ ÓÌ ÏÒÌãØ ÙÈÐÑÔÊÔÐ ×Ï×ØÌÒà pËÓÈ²Ô ØÈ²ÏÌ ¿×ØÖÔÐ×ØÊÈ ²È² ,RPHJD -D] ÏÒÌãØ
×ØÖ¿²Ø¿Ö¿ÍÌ×Ø²ÏÚËÏ×²ÔÊÏÓÈÓÏÚÒÔÍÓÔ¿×ØÈÓÈÊÑÏÊÈØáÙÈÐÑÔÊ¿ã×Ï×ØÌÒ¿)$7
Hkgh\gh_ ij_bfms_kl\h )$7² wlh \hafh`ghklv bkihevah\Zgby jZajy^guo aZib

k_c \f_klh jZajy^guo qlh ijb\h^bl d m\_ebq_gbx qbkeZ deZkl_jh\ \ jZa^_e_ ^h
\f_klhbebWlhagZq_gb_wd\b\Ze_glgh Zg_ihkdhevdmq_lu
j_[blZbaaZj_a_j\bjh\Zgu êy^jm]bop_e_c
Ijb bkihevah\Zgbb )$7 jZaf_j jZa^_eZ fh`_l ^hklb]Zlv L[Zcl L[Zcl jZ\_g
F[Zcl Gh\Zy nZceh\Zy kbkl_fZ fh`_l bf_lv deZkl_jh\ jZaf_jhf
[ZclZjZaf_j_^bgbqgh]hnZceZfh`_lkhklZ\eylv=[Zcl
Kms_kl\m_l _s_h^ghhlebqb_)$7hl__ij_^r_kl\_ggbp²iheh`_gb_dhjg_\h]hdZ
lZeh]Z hg g_ aZgbfZ_l nbdkbjh\Zggh]h f_klZ gZ ^bkd_ dZd \ )$7 Dhjg_\hc dZlZeh] \
)$7fh`_ljZkiheZ]Zlvky \ex[hff_kl_jZa^_eZbbf_lvex[hcjZaf_jMkljZg_gb_h]jZ
gbq_gbcaZibk_cdhjg_\h]hdZlZeh]Zh[_ki_qb\Z_l ^bgZfbq_kdh_ baf_g_gb_jZaf_jZjZa^_eZ
)$7 NbjfZ0LFURVRIWg_j_Zebah\ZeZwlhaZf_qZl_evgh_ k\hckl\h\hi_jZpbhgguo kbkl_
fZo:LQGRZVoq_fb\hkihevah\Zebkv g_aZ\bkbfu_ jZajZ[hlqbdb lZdb_dZdnbjfZ3RZHU
4XHVWkha^Z\rZyijh]jZffm3DUWLWLRQ0DJLF
Hkgh\ghcg_^hklZlhdnZceh\hckbkl_fu)$7²g_kh\f_klbfhklv kij_û^msbfb \_j
kbyfb '26 b :LQGRZV <u g_ kfh`_l_ aZ]jmablv ij_û^msmx \_jkbx '26 beb hjb]b
gZevgmx :LQGRZV k ^bkdZ k )$7 djhf_ lh]h jZa^_e k )$7 [m^_l g_^hklmi_g wlbf
kbkl_fZfijbboaZ]jmad_k^jm]h]h^bkdZ
Ðàçìåð êëàñòåðà FAT 32

Ihkdhevdm jZa^_e )$7 bf__l [hevr__ dhebq_kl\h deZkl_jh\ q_f jZa^_e )$7 jZa
f_j deZkl_jZ mf_gvrZ_lky Bkihevah\Zgb_ f_gvr_]h deZkl_jZ kgb`Z_l ihl_jb ^bkdh\h]h
ijhkljZgkl\Z GZijbf_j jZa^_e jZaf_jhf =[Zcl k nZceh\ \ )$7 bkihevam_l deZ
kl_jjZaf_jhfD[Zcl\f_klhD[Zcl\)$7 LZdh_mf_gvr_gb_ jZaf_jZdeZkl_jZijb
\h^bldkgb`_gbxihl_jv^bkdh\h]hijhkljZgkl\Z k^hF[Zcl

>ey kjZ\g_gby )$7 b )$7 g_h[oh^bfh ihkfhlj_lv dZd \ wlbo nZceh\uo kbkl_fZo
hj]Zgbah\Zgh ojZg_gb_^ZgguoGhf_jZdeZkl_jh\\)$7ojZgylky\\b^_jZajy^guoaZ
ibk_c K±))))K FZdkbfZevgh_ agZq_gb_ ))))K khhl\_lkl\m_l ^_kylbqghfm gh
g_kdhevdh agZq_gbc aZj_a_j\bjh\Zgu êy ki_pbZevguo p_e_c J_Zevgh_ qbkeh deZkl_jh\ \
)$7e_`bl\^bZiZahg_K±)))Kbeb± LZdbfh[jZahfêyojZg_gbynZceh\
bkihevam_lky deZkl_jZLbibqgZyaZibkvhnZce_\)$7ij_^klZ\e_gZ \lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 27.13. Çàïèñè ôàéëîâ â ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìå FAT 16
Êàòàëîã
Usconst.txt 1000 4
FAT 16

... ... ...
... ... ...
< nZceh\hc kbkl_f_ )$7 dhebq_kl\h deZkl_jh\ e_`bl \ ^bZiZahg_ K±

))))))))Kbeb± DZdb\)$7\_jogb_bgb`gb_deZkl_juaZj_a_j\bjh\ Z
gu êy ki_pbZevguo p_e_c b bo ghf_jZ e_`Zl \ ^bZiZahg_ K±)))))))K beb ±
LZdbf h[jZahf êy ojZg_gby nZceh\ fh`gh bkihevah\Zlv deZ
kl_jZ GZdhibl_ev gZ `_kldbo ^bkdZo jZa[bl gZ [hevr__ dhebq_kl\h deZkl_jh\ dZ`ûc ba
dhlhjuoklZgh\blkyf_gvr_qlhkgb`Z_lihl_jb^bkdh\h]hijhkljZgkl\Z Ijbf_jaZibk_ch
nZce_\nZceh\hckbkl_f_)$7ijb\_^_g\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 27.14. Çàïèñè ôàéëîâ â ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìå FAT 32
Êàòàëîã
Usconst.txt 1000 8
FAT 32

... ... ...
FAT 32 1037
HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Êàòàëîã

0000001007 FFFFFFFFh Êîíåö ôàéëà
... ... ...
Çàìå÷àíèå
s ×ÌÖÊÌÖÈ Í¿ÖÓÈÑÈ 3& 0DJD]LQH ftp://ftp.zdnet.com/pcmag/1995/0627/chkdrv.zip
ÒÔÍÓÔ ÎÈÖ¿ÎÏØá ÕÖÔÖÈÒÒ¿ CHKDRV ËÑÇ ÔÛÌÓ²Ï ÕÔØÌÖá ÕÖÏ Ï×ÕÔÑáÎÔÊÈÓÏÏ ÙÈÐÑÔÊàÚ ×Ï×ØÌÒ
)$7Ï)$7
< lZ[e ijb\_^_g jZaf_j deZkl_jZ ijb bkihevah\Zgbb nZceh\hc kbkl_fu )$7 k
jZaebqgufbjZaf_jZfbjZa^_eh\
Òàáëèöà 27.15. Ðàçìåð êëàñòåðà ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû FAT 32
Ðàçìåð ðàçäåëà Ðàçìåð êëàñòåðà, áàéò
Äî 260 Ìáàéò 512

260 Ìáàéò8 Ãáàéò 4 096
616 Ãáàéò 8 192
1632 Ãáàéò 16 384
32 Ãáàéò2 Òáàéò 32 768
Mf_gvr_gb_ jZaf_jZ deZkl_jZ ijb\h^bl d m\_ebq_gbx aZibk_c \ )$7 JZa^_e jZaf_jhf

=[Zcl k )$7 bkihevam_l aZibk_c \ lh \j_fy dZd ZgZeh]bqguc jZa^_e k )$7
bkihevam_laZibk_cBke_^h\Zl_evghlZ[ebpZ)$7bf__ljZaf_jD[Zcl
aZibk_cu [bl [bl beb [Zcl beb D[Zcl Z lZ[ebpZ )$7²
F[Zcl
JZaf_j)$7kms_kl\_ggh \eby_lgZijhba\h^bl_evghklv nZceh\hckbkl_fu<:LQGRZVo
fh^mev9&$&+(iulZ_lkyaZ]jmablv)$7\hi_jZlb\gmx iZfylv êy memqr_gby ijhba\h^b
l_evghklbkbkl_fu<u[hjdeZkl_jZjZaf_jhfD[ZclgZ^bkdZo_fdhklvx^h=[Zclh[_k
i_qb\Z_ldhfijhfbkkf_`^mijhba\h^bl_evghklvx bjZaf_jhf)$7\hi_jZlb\ghc iZfylb
G_kfhljygZlhqlhjZaf_j)$7 \ nZceh\hc kbkl_f_ )$7 ijZdlbq_kdb \ ^\Z^pZlv jZa
[hevr_q_f\)$7 ihy\ey_lky g_agZqbl_evguc f_g__ ijbjhkl ijhba\h^bl_evghklb
)$7\hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_f_:LQGRZVoWlhhlqZklb^hklb]Z_lkybkihevah\Zgb_f \i_j
khgZevguodhfivxl_jZo kZfuokh\j_f_gguo gZdhibl_e_cgZ`_kldbo^bkdZo

Çåðêàëüíàÿ êîïèÿ ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû
NZceh\Zykbkl_fZ)$7lZd`_bkihevam_lij_bfms_kl\Z ^\modhibc)$7\jZa^_e_^bkdZ
DZdb\)$7 \)$7 i_j\Zydhibyy\ey_lkyhkgh\ghcbi_jbh^bq_kdbdhibjm_l^Zggu_\
^hihegbl_evgmx dhibx)$7<)$7ijbihy\e_gbbijh[e_fk]eZ\ghcdhib_c)$7kbkl_fZ
i_j_dexqZ_lky gZ^hihegbl_evgmx dhibxdhlhjZyklZgh\blky]eZ\ghcIhfbfhwlh]hkbkl_fZ
ij_ju\Z_lijhp_kkkha^Zgbya_jdZevghcdhibb)$7êyij_^hl\jZs_gbyihl_jv^Zgguo
Ñîçäàíèå ðàçäåëà FAT 32

>eykha^ZgbyjZa^_eZk)$7\:LQGRZVog_h[oh^bfh bkihevah\Zlv ijh]jZffm Fdisk
\dhfZg^ghckljhd_lZd`_dZdijbkha^ZgbbjZa^_eZk)$7IjbaZimkd_wlhcijh]jZffu
[m^_l\uiheg_ghl_klbjh\Zgb_ ^bkdZb_keb_]hjZaf_jij_\urZ_lF[Zclihy\blkyke_
^mxs__khh[s_gb_
Dhfivxl_jbf__l^bkd_fdhklvx[he__F;>ZggZy\_jkby:LQGRZV
\dexqZ_lih^^_j`dm[hevrbo^bkdh\biha\hey_lwnn_dlb\g__bkihevah\Zlv
f_klhgZlZdbo^bkdZoZlZd`_nhjfZlbjh\Zlv^bkdbjZaf_jhf[he__
=[ZcldZdh^bg^bkd
<GBF:GB??keb\dexqblvih^^_j`dm[hevrbo^bkdh\bkha^ZlvgZgbogh
\uc^bkdg_\hafh`gh[m^_lihemqblv^hklmidgh\hfm^bkdmba^jm]hc
hi_jZpbhgghckbkl_fu\dexqZyg_dhlhju_\_jkbb:LQGRZVb:LQGRZV
17ZlZd`_[he__jZggb_\_jkbb:LQGRZVb06'26Djhf_lh]h^bkdh\u_
kem`_[gu_ijh]jZffudhlhju_g_ih^^_j`b\Zxly\ghnZceh\mxkbkl_fm
)$7g_kfh]mljZ[hlZlvkwlbf^bkdhf?kebkh[bjZ_l_kvh[jZsZlvky
dwlhfm^bkdmba^jm]bohi_jZpbhgguokbkl_fbeb[he__klZjuokem`_[guo
ijh]jZffg_\dexqZcl_ih^^_j`dm[hevrbo^bkdh\
<dexqblvih^^_j`dm[hevrbo^bkdh\<1">1@
?keb\uhl\_lbl_gZwlhl \hijhk ml\_j^bl_evgh \k_ jZa^_eu jZaf_jhf [he__ F[Zcl
[m^mlbf_lvnZceh\mxkbkl_fm)$7Djhf_lh]hml\_j^bl_evguc hl\_llj_[m_lkyêykha
^ZgbyjZa^_eZjZaf_jhf[he__=[ZclIhke_^mxsb_ hdgZjZ[hluijh]jZffu FdiskZgZeh
]bqguhdgZfij_û^msbo\_jkbcwlhcijh]jZffu
Ijh]jZffZ FdiskZ\lhfZlbq_kdb hij_^_ey_ljZaf_jdeZkl_jZgZhkgh\_\u[jZgghcnZc
eh\hc kbkl_fu b jZaf_jZ jZa^_eZ H^gZdh kms_kl\m_l g_^hdmf_glbjh\Zgguc iZjZf_lj dh
fZgû Format iha\heyxsbc y\gh mdZaZlv jZaf_j deZkl_jZ Format / Z:Q ]^_ Q² jZa
f_jdeZkl_jZ\[ZclZodjZlgucKihfhsvxwlhcdhfZgû\ufh`_l_kha^ZlvnZceh\mx
kbkl_fmkjZaf_jhfdeZkl_jZf_gvrbfmklZgh\e_ggh]h ihmfheqZgbx
Âíèìàíèå!
qÖÏÏ×ÕÔÑáÎÔÊÈÓÏÏÕÌÖÌ²ÑãÜÈØÌÑÇ/ZÓÌÔÉÚÔËÏÒÔÕÔÒÓÏØáÔÉÔÖÈÓÏÜÌÓÏÏ)$7ÓÈ²ÔÑÏÜÌå
×ØÊÔ²ÑÈ×ØÌÖÔÊj×ÕÔÑáÎ¿ÐØÌâØÔØÕÌÖÌ²ÑãÜÈØÌÑá×ÙÈÐÑÔÊÔÐ×Ï×ØÌÒÔÐ)$7oÌÎÈå
ÉàÊÈÐØÌÜØÔÒÔËÏÙÏ²ÈÛÏÇÖÈÎÒÌÖÈ²ÑÈ×ØÌÖÈÒÔÍÌØÔØÖÈÎÏØá×ÇÓÈÕÖÔÏÎÊÔËÏØÌÑáÓÔ×ØÏÙÈÐå
ÑÔÊÔÐ×Ï×ØÌÒà
Ïðåîáðàçîâàíèå FAT 16 â FAT 32

Hi_jZpbhggZy kbkl_fZ :LQGRZV 265 fh`_l kha^Z\Zlv jZa^_eu k )$7 lhevdh gZ
imklhf^bkd_>eyij_h[jZah\Zgby jZa^_eZk)$7g_h[oh^bfh kdhibjh\Zlv^Zggu_gZ^jm
]hcghkbl_evm^ZeblvjZa^_ek)$7bkha^Zlvgh\ucjZa^_ek)$7ZaZl_f\hkklZgh\blv
\k_^Zggu_<hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_f_:LQGRZV_klvijh]jZffZfZkl_jêyij_h[jZah\Zgby
jZa^_eZ\)$7[_aihl_jb^Zgguo
FAT 32 1039
IjbaZimkd_ijh]jZffZij_h[jZah\Zgby ^bkdZhlh[jZ`Z_lbgnhjfZpbx hkms_kl\mxsbo
jZa^_eZobmklZgh\e_gguo nZceh\uokbkl_fZojbk <Zfg_h[oh^bfh \u^_eblv ^bkd b
\uihegblv\k_hi_jZpbbfZkl_jZ
Jbk Ijh]jZffZ ij_h[jZah\Zgby ^bkdZ \ )$7 ba

:LQGRZV
H[jZlbl_\gbfZgb_qlh ihke_ ij_h[jZah\Zgby ^bkdZ \ )$7 \uihegblv h[jZlgh_ ij_

h[jZah\Zgb_g_evayG_h[oh^bfh ijbgbfZlv³jZ^bdZevgu_ ´f_jul_khojZgblv^Zggu_aZ
imklblvijh]jZffmFdiskm^ZeblvjZa^_ek)$7baZgh\hkha^ZlvjZa^_ek)$7
FAT 32 è PartitionMagic
pÕÌÖÈÛÏÔÓÓàÌ ×Ï×ØÌÒà :LQGRZV 265 Ï :LQGRZV ×ÔËÌÖÍÈØ ÉÈÎÔÊàÌ ÏÓ×ØÖ¿ÒÌÓØà ËÑÇ
×ÔÎËÈÓÏÇÖÈÎËÌÑÔÊ×ÙÈÐÑÔÊÔÐ×Ï×ØÌÒÔÐ)$7vÏÖÒÈ3RZHU4XHVW×ÔÎËÈÑÈÕÖÔÖÈÒÒ¿3DUWLå
WLRQ0DJLF²ÔØÔÖÈÇÔÉÑÈËÈÌØÕÖÔËÊÏÓ¿ØàÒÏÊÔÎÒÔÍÓÔ×ØÇÒÏÖÈÉÔØà×ÙÈÐÑÔÊàÒÏ×Ï×ØÌÒÈÒÏ
sÕÔÒÔÞáãâØÔÐÕÖÔÖÈÒÒàÊàÒÔÍÌØÌÊàÕÔÑÓÏØáÕÖÌÔÉÖÈÎÔÊÈÓÏÌ)$7Ê)$7ÏÔÉÖÈØÓÔ
ÈØÈ²ÍÌÏÎÒÌÓÏØáÖÈÎÒÌÖàÖÈÎËÌÑÔÊÉÌÎÕÔØÌÖÏËÈÓÓàÚ
Îøèáêè ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû FAT

Hrb[db \ nZceh\hc kbkl_f_ ihy\eyxlky kdhj__ baaZ ijh]jZffguo k[h_\ g_`_eb baaZ
ZiiZjZlguo gZijbf_j ijb g_\_jghf aZ\_jr_gbb jZ[hlu :LQGRZV G_dhlhju_ ijh]jZff
gu_hrb[dbhibkZgugb`_
Ïîòåðÿííûå êëàñòåðû
WlhgZb[he__jZkijhkljZg_ggZy hrb[dZnZceh\hckbkl_fuijbdhlhjhcdeZkl_ju\)$7
ihf_qZxlky dZd bkihevam_fu_ ohly gZ kZfhf ^_e_ lZdh\ufb g_ y\eyxlky Wlb ihl_jyggu_
deZkl_juihy\eyxlkyijbg_\_jghfaZ\_jr_gbbjZ[hluijbeh`_gbybebdjZo_kbkl_fuIjh
]jZffu\hkklZgh\e_gby^bkdZfh]mlh[gZjm`blvwlbdeZkl_jub\hkklZgh\blv bo
Ihl_jyggu_deZkl_juihy\eyxlky\nZceh\hckljmdlmj_lZ[e

Òàáëèöà 27.16. Ïîòåðÿííûå êëàñòåðû â ôàéëîâîé ñòðóêòóðå
Êàòàëîã
(íåò çàïèñåé) 0 0
FAT 16
... ... ...
... ... ...
Ihy\eyxlkyp_ihqdbdeZkl_jh\g_bf_xsb_aZibk_c\dZlZeh]_QZs_\k_]hwlhijhbkoh
^blijb³aZ\bkZgbbíjh]jZffuijbhi_jZpbbhldjulbynZceZ
Ijh]jZffu\hkklZgh\e_gby ^bkdZijhkfZljb\Zxl ^bkdbkha^Zxldhibx)$7\hi_jZlb\
ghciZfylbAZl_fwlZdhiby kjZ\gb\Z_lky k ³gZklhys_c´ )$7 b lZdbf h[jZahf \uy\eyxlky
ihl_jyggu_deZkl_jul_g_ijbgZê_`Zsb_ gbh^ghfm ba kms_kl\mxsbo nZceh\ IjZdlb
q_kdb\k_ijh]jZffu\hkklZgh\e_gby fh]mlkhojZgylvbgnhjfZpbx baihl_jygguodeZkl_jh\
\nZceZaZl_fh[gmeylvbo
GZijbf_jijh]jZffZ Chkdskbap_ihq_dihl_jygguodeZkl_jh\kha^Z_lnZceukbf_gZ
fb FILE0001.CHK FILE0002.CHK b l^ Ijh]jZffZ Chkdsk ij_h[jZam_l ihl_jyggu_
deZkl_ju\nZceulZddZdihdZaZgh\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 27.17. Ïîòåðÿííûå êëàñòåðû íàéäåíû
Êàòàëîã
FILE0001.CHK 1000 4
FAT 16
... ... ...
... ... ...
Îøèáêè ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìû FAT 1041

DZd\b^ghbaijb\_^_ggh]h ijbf_jZhjb]bgZevgh_ bfynZceZg_\hkklZgZ\eb\Z_lky H^
gZdh_]hfh`gh\hkklZgh\blv ihkfhlj_\kh^_j`bfh_nZceh\dhlhju_kha^Zguijh]jZffhc
\hkklZgh\e_gby ^bkdZ
Ïåðåñåêàþùèåñÿ ôàéëû
LZdb_nZceuihy\eyxlkydh]^Z^\_aZibkbdZlZeh]Zg_ijZ\bevgh mdZau\ZxlgZh^bgdeZ
kl_j<j_amevlZl_deZkl_j³kh^_j`bl´^Zggu_bag_kdhevdbonZceh\qlh_kl_kl\_ggh g_^h
imklbfh
<lZ[eijb\_^_gijbf_jaZibkbnZceh\hckbkl_fuki_j_k_dZxsbf bkynZceZfb
Òàáëèöà 27.18. Ïåðåñåêàþùèåñÿ ôàéëû
Êàòàëîã
Usconst.txt 1000 4
Pledge.txt 1002 2
FAT 16

... ... ...
... ... ...
<jZkkfZljb\Z_fhf ijbf_j_^\ZnZceZaZgbfZxl^\ZdeZkl_jZ² b Wlhi_j_

k_q_gb_nZceh\gZqbgZ_lkykdeZkl_jZQZs_\k_]hh^bgbai_j_k_dZxsboky nZceh\ih
\j_`^_g Ijh]jZffu \hkklZgh\e_gby ^Zgguo h[uqgh j_rZxl ijh[e_fm i_j_k_dZxsboky
nZceh\ke_^mxsbfh[jZahfnZceudhibjmxlkykgh\ufbbf_gZfb\k\h[h^gh_f_klh^bkdZ
Zi_j_k_dZxsZyky h[eZklvh[hbonZceh\bbohklZevgu_qZklbm^Zey_lkyH[jZlbl_\gbfZ
gb_ qlh m^Zeyxlky h[Z nZceZ l_ mkljZg_gb_ ih^h[ghc hrb[db g_ ihjh`^Z_l gh\uo ijh
[e_fgZijbf_jaZibkv\dZlZeh]_mdZau\Z_lgZg_kms_kl\mxsbc nZceIjhkfhlj_\^\Z\hk
klZgh\e_gguo nZceZfh`ghhij_^_eblvdZdhcbagboih\j_`^_g
>eyijh]jZff\hkklZgh\e_gby ^bkdZihbkdi_j_k_dZxsboky nZceh\² hq_gvijhklZyaZ
^ZqZbijZdlbq_kdb\k_^bkdh\u_mlbeblufh]mlmkljZgblv^Zggmxijh[e_fm
Íåâåðíûé ôàéë èëè êàòàëîã

Bgh]^ZbgnhjfZpby\aZibkbdZlZeh]ZêynZceZbebih^dZlZeh]Zg_khhl\_lkl\m_l ^_ckl
\bl_evghklb² aZibkv kh^_j`bl deZkl_j k g_\_jghc ^Zlhc beb g_ijZ\bevguf nhjfZlhf
IjZdlbq_kdb \k_ijh]jZffu\hkklZgh\e_gby ^bkdZmkljZgyxlbwlmijh[e_fm

Îøèáêè FAT
DZdm`_mdZau\Zehkv \ur_\wlhc]eZ\_ijbih\j_`^_gbb hkgh\ghc)$7^hklmidnZceZf
hkms_kl\ey_lky kihfhsvx^hihegbl_evghc )$7Ijh]jZffu\hkklZgh\e_gby ^bkdZ\ha\jZ
sZxlih\j_`^_ggmx )$7\__hjb]bgZevgh_ f_klhiheh`_gb_ bZdlb\babjmxl a_jdZevgh_dh
ibjh\Zgb_NZceh\Zykbkl_fZ)$7h[eZ^Z_l[hevrbfbkihkh[ghklyfb d\hkklZgh\e_gbx
ihkdhevdm\g_cbkihevamxlky [he__jZa\blu_kj_^kl\Za_jdZevgh]hdhibjh\Zgby
Ijbf_jih\j_`^_gghc )$7ijb\_^_g\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 27.19. Ïîâðåæäåííàÿ FAT
Êàòàëîã
Usconst.txt 1000 4
FAT 16

... ... ...
... ... ...
< jZkkfZljb\Z_fhf ijbf_j_ jZaf_j nZceZ \ dZlZeh]_ g_ khhl\_lkl\m_l dhebq_kl\m deZ
kl_jh\\)$7ihl_jygdeZkl_j Zdjhf_lh]hdeZkl_ju b y\eyxlkyihl_jyg
gufb Ijb \hkklZgh\e_gbb ^Zgguo ih\j_`^_ggZy )$7 \hkklZgZ\eb\Z_lky ba j_a_j\ghc dh
ibbIjZdlbq_kdb \k_ ijh]jZffu \hkklZgh\e_gby ^Zgguo mki_rgh kijZ\eyxlky k lZdbf lb
ihfhrb[db)$7
Âîññòàíîâëåíèå äèñêà è äàííûõ

DhfZgû Chkdsk Recoverb Scandisk² ³j_ZgbfZpbhggZy [jb]Z^Z´ '26 aZgbfZx
sZyky\hkklZgh\e_gb_f ih\j_`^_gguo ^ZgguogZ^bkd_WlbdhfZgûbf_xlhq_gvijhklhc
b g_ kebrdhf ^jm`_kl\_gguc bgl_jn_ck bo ijbf_g_gb_ aZqZklmx hdZau\Z_l agZqbl_evgh_
\ha^_ckl\b_ gZ kbkl_fm gh bgh]^Z lhevdh hgb b fh]ml ihfhqv Ba i_j_qbke_gguo mlbebl
gZb[he__ba\_klguih`Zemc RecoverdhlhjZy\hkklZgZ\eb\Z_l ijh]jZffub Chkdskbk
ihevam_fZyêyijh\_jdbnZceh\hckljmdlmju^bkdZFgh]b_ihevah\Zl_eb ^Z`_g_ih^haj_
\Zxl qlh Chkdsk fh`_l g_ lhevdh ijh\_jylv gh b \hkklZgZ\eb\Zlv ih\j_`^_ggmx nZceh
\mxkljmdlmjm^bkdZ?s_h^gZijh]jZffZ²ijhklZymlbeblZ Debug²fh`_lihfhqv\Zf\
[_^_ghlhevdh\lhfkemqZ__keb\ulhqghagZ_l_qlhbdZd^_eZlv
Scandisk²[he__fhsgZymlbeblZq_f Chkdskb RecoveraZf_gyxsZywlb^\_mlb
eblu\'26b[he__iha^gbo\_jkbyoZlZd`_\:LQGRZVo

Çàìå÷àíèå
pÕÏ×ÈÓÏÌ ²ÔÒÈÓË Chkdsk Ï Recover ÒÔÍÓÔ ÓÈÐØÏ Ê ËÔÕÔÑÓÌÓÏÏ ÓÈ ÕÖÏÑÈÈÌÒÔÒ ²ÔÒÕÈ²Øå
ËÏ×²Ì
Ïðîãðàììà Scandisk
Ijh]jZffZ Scandisk\oh^bl\ihklZ\dm'26\_jkbcb[he__iha^gboZlZd`_\:LQ
GRZVoHgZagZqbl_evgh fhsg__mlbebl Chkdskb Recoverb\uihegy_lnmgdpbbboh[_
bo Ijh]jZffZ Scandisk ba :LQGRZV 265 b :LQGRZV fh`_l jZ[hlZlv k nZceh\hc
kbkl_fhc)$7
Ijh]jZffZ Scandisk [hevr_ ihoh`Z gZ mijhs_ggmx \_jkbx 1RUWRQ 'LVN 'RFWRU b ih
a\hey_l ijh\_jylv dZd p_ehklghklv nZceh\hc kljmdlmju lZd b jZ[hlm k_dlhjh\ gZ nbabq_
kdhfmjh\g_H[gZjm`b\hrb[db\dZlZeh]Zobeb\)$7 Scandiskfh`_lbobkijZ\blvIh
ke_hij_^_e_gby^_n_dlgh]h k_dlhjZ\)$7ihf_qZ_lky^_n_dlgucdeZkl_jkh^_j`Zsbcwlhl
k_dlhjIjbwlhfijh]jZffZiulZ_lky\hkklZgh\blv ih\j_`^_gguc nZceijbq_fkhojZgyxl
ky^Zggu_dZd^h^_n_dlgh]hmqZkldZlZdbihke_g_]h
<:LQGRZVo_klvijh]jZffZ Scandiskêy'26b:LQGRZVNZceuwlboijh]jZffgZ
au\Zxlky Scandisk.exeb Scandiskw.exekhhl\_lkl\_ggh :LQGRZVoijh\_jy_l^bkd\
ijhp_kk_ mklZgh\db hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fu Z lZd`_ ihke_ g_\_jgh]h aZ\_jr_gby jZ[hlu k
kbkl_fhc<ufh`_l_lZd`_aZimklblvijh]jZffm Scandiskb__³hdhggmx´ \_jkbx ba dh
fZg^ghckljhdb
Hkh[_gghklb jZ[hluijh]jZffu Scandisk\ufh`_l_gZclb\dgb]Zoihhi_jZpbhgguf
kbkl_fZfbeb\kijZ\hqghckbkl_f_:LQGRZVo
Äåôðàãìåíòàöèÿ äèñêà
DZdm`_mihfbgZehkv \ur_\nZceh\hckbkl_f_)$7^Zggu_\deZkl_jZofh]mljZkiheZ
]Zlvky\ex[hff_kl_^bkdZBijbihbkd_nZceZihke_^gbckqblu\Z_lkybag_kdhevdbof_kl
qlh _kl_kl\_ggh ijb\h^bl d kgb`_gbx ijhba\h^bl_evghklb kbkl_fu >ey i_j_f_s_gby
nZceZ\h^ghf_klhkem`Zlijh]jZffu^_njZ]f_glZpbb ^bkdZ
<:LQGRZVo_klvijh]jZffZ^_njZ]f_glZpbb ^bkdZdhlhjZyjZ[hlZ_lknZceh\ufbkbkl_
fZfb )$7 b )$7 < :LQGRZV \ ijh]jZffm ^_njZ]f_glZpbb [ueZ ^h[Z\e_gZ nmgdpby
mkdhj_gbyaZimkdZijbeh`_gbc²i_j_f_s_gb_qZklhaZimkdZ_fuoijh]jZffdgZqZem^bkdZ
JZkkfhljbfjZ[hlmijh]jZffu^_njZ]f_glZpbb ^bkdZgZijbf_j_<lZ[eijb\_^_
gu^Zggu_hjZkiheh`_gbb nZceh\\)$7
Òàáëèöà 27.20. Ôðàãìåíòèðîâàííûå ôàéëû
Êàòàëîã
Pledge.txt 1002 2
Usconst.txt 1000 4
FAT 16

... ... ...

HdhgqZgb_lZ[e
Êàòàëîã

... ... ...
< jZkkfZljb\Z_fhf ijbf_j_ nZce Usconst.txt njZ]f_glbjh\Zg gZ ^\_ qZklb Ihke_
aZimkdZijh]jZffu^_njZ]f_glZpbb wlhlnZcefh`_l[ulvjZkiheh`_ggZ^bkd_lZddZdih
dZaZgh\lZ[e
Òàáëèöà 27.21. Ôàéë äåôðàãìåíòèðîâàí
Êàòàëîã
Pledge.txt 1004 2
Usconst.txt 1000 4
FAT 16

... ... ...
... ... ...
<ijhp_kk_^_njZ]f_glZpbb qZklbnZceZjZa[jhkZggu_ ih\k_fm^bkdm[uebkh_^bg_gu

>_njZ]f_glZpby ^bkdZ ² ^h\hevgh ijh^he`bl_evguc ijhp_kk ihkdhevdm g_h[oh^bfh \u
ihegblv[hevrh_dhebq_kl\hhi_jZpbcql_gbybaZibkb
Djhf_ ijh]jZffu ^_njZ]f_glZpbb ^bkdZ ihklZ\ey_fhc k hi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fhc :LQ
GRZVokms_kl\mxl ijh]jZffug_aZ\bkbfuojZajZ[hlqbdh\ Ijbf_jhfh^ghcbalZdboijh
]jZfffh`_l[ulvijh]jZffZ6SHHG'LVNbadhfie_dlZ1RUWRQ8WLOLWLHV

Âíèìàíèå!
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Ïðîãðàììû íåçàâèñèìûõ ðàçðàáîò÷èêîâ

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Èíñòðóìåíòû äëÿ NTFS

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NTFS 1047
Íàèáîëåå ÷àñòî âñòðå÷àþùèåñÿ
ñîîáùåíèÿ îá îøèáêàõ
<wlhfjZa^_e_j_qvihc^_lhgZb[he__qZklh\klj_qZxsboky hrb[dZonZceh\uokbkl_fb
kihkh[Zo bo mkljZg_gby QZs_ \k_]h fh]ml ihy\eylvky ke_^mxsb_ kbkl_fgu_ khh[s_gby h[
hrb[dZo
Missing Operating System
NO ROM BASIC - SYSTEM HALTED
Boot error Press F1 to retry
Invalid drive specification
Invalid Media Type
Hard Disk Controller Failule
Missing Operating System

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ibkyolZ[ebpujZa^_eZAZibkv\lZ[ebp_jZa^_eZfh`_lmdZau\ZlvgZk_dlhjdhlhjucg_y\
ey_lkygZqZehfjZa^_eZLZdZyhrb[dZbgh]^Zihy\ey_lky\ke_^kl\b_jZajy^Z[ZlZj_bgZkbk
l_fghcieZl_qlhijb\h^bldm^Ze_gbxiZjZf_ljh\%,26
>eyj_r_gbyijh[e_fuij_`^_\k_]hg_h[oh^bfh ijh\_jblvijZ\bevghklv mklZgh\dbiZ
jZf_ljh\ \ %,26 =eZ\gmx aZ]jmahqgmx aZibkv fh`gh \hkklZgh\blv k ihfhsvx dhfZgû
Fdisk /MBR<^jm]bokemqZyoj_rblv \hagbdrmx ijh[e_fm fh`gh k ihfhsvx jZ^bdZev
guo kj_^kl\² jZa^_e_gby ^bkdZ gZ jZa^_eu b nhjfZlbjh\Zgby k ihke_^mxs_c ih\lhjghc
mklZgh\dhchi_jZpbhgghc kbkl_fubg_h[oh^bfuo ijbeh`_gbc
NO ROM BASIC - SYSTEM HALTED

Wlm hrb[dm ]_g_jbjm_l $0, %,26 \ kemqZ_ ih\j_`^_gby beb hlkmlkl\by aZ]jmahqgh]h
k_dlhjZ beb ]eZ\ghc aZ]jmahqghc aZibkb gZ aZ]jmahqghf ^bkd_ Djhf_ lh]h lZdZy hrb[dZ
fh`_lihy\blvkyijbg_ijZ\bevghc mklZgh\d_iZjZf_ljh\`_kldh]h^bkdZ\%,26>eyj_r_
gby wlhc ijh[e_fu g_h[oh^bfh ijh\_jblv iZjZf_lju ^bkdZ \ %,26 beb `_ \hkklZgh\blv
]eZ\gmxaZ]jmahqgmxaZibkvkihfhsvxdhfZgûFdisk /MBR
Boot error Press F1 to retry

WlZhrb[dZ]_g_jbjm_lky 3KRHQL[%,26ijbhlkmlkl\bb`_kldh]h^bkdZbeb aZ]jmahqguo
h[eZkl_cGZb[he__qZklZyijbqbgZihy\e_gbywlhchrb[db²hlkmlkl\b_Zdlb\gh]hjZa^_eZ
Invalid drive specification

LZdZyhrb[dZihy\ey_lky\lhfkemqZ__keb`_kldbc^bkdg_jZa^_e_ggZjZa^_euaZibkb
lZ[ebpujZa^_eh\ih\j_`^_gubeb`_kh^_j`Zlg_\_jgu_^Zggu_>eymkljZg_gbyih^h[guo
ijh[e_f\hkihevamcl_kv ijh]jZffhcFdiskeb[hijh]jZffZfb iZd_lZ1RUWRQ8WLOLWLHV
Invalid Media Type

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]jmahqguck_dlhjdZlZeh]beblZ[ebpZjZaf_s_gbynZceh\GZijbf_jlZdZyhrb[dZihy\ey
_lky _keb ^bkd jZa^_e_g gZ jZa^_eu gh g_ hlnhjfZlbjh\Zg k ihfhsvx dhfZgû Format

>ey mkljZg_gby wlhc hrb[db g_h[oh^bfh bkihevah\Zlv h^gm ba ijh]jZff \hkklZgh\e_gby
^bkdZbeb`_ijhklhhlnhjfZlbjh\Zlv ^bkd
Hard Disk Controller Failule

LZdh]h lbiZ hrb[dZ ihy\ey_lky \ke_^kl\b_ g_\_jguo iZjZf_ljh\ gZdhibl_ey mklZgh\
e_gguo \ %,26 Z lZd`_ iehoh]h ih^dexq_gby dZ[_e_c d gZdhibl_ex beb kbkl_fghc ieZl_
>eymkljZg_gbywlhcijh[e_fuij_`^_\k_]hijh\_jvl_ih^dexq_gb_ gZdhibl_eyZaZl_fmk
lZgh\bl_\%,26_]hijZ\bevgu_iZjZf_lju
Íàèáîëåå îáùèå ñïîñîáû ðåøåíèÿ

ïðîáëåì ñ ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìîé
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kZgu ke_^mxsb_ ijh]jZffu Fdisk.exe Format.com Sys.com b Scandisk.exe
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jh\g_h[oh^bfhaZf_gblvgZdhibl_evgZ`_kldbo^bkdZo
Íàèáîëåå îáùèå ñïîñîáû ðåøåíèÿ ïðîáëåì ñ ôàéëîâîé ñèñòåìîé 1049


Ãëàâà 28
Çàêëþ÷åíèå
Äîêóìåíòàöèÿ 1050
Êîìïüþòåðû 1051
Ñåòè 1052
Êîìïüþòåðíàÿ ïåðèîäèêà 1052
Ñåðòèôèêàöèÿ 1052
È íàïîñëåäîê... 1053
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1052 Çàêëþ÷åíèå
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Çàêëþ÷åíèå 1053
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Ñîäåðæàíèå

Ãëàâà 1. Ïðîèñõîæäåíèå ïåðñîíàëüíûõ êîìïüþòåðîâ 27

21 Ïðîèñõîæäåíèå ïåðñîíàëüíûõ êîìïüþòåðîâ

Î ÷åì ýòà êíèãà

22 Î ÷åì ýòà êíèãà

Äëÿ êîãî ïðåäíàçíà÷åíà ýòà êíèãà

Êàê ïîñòðîåíà ýòà êíèãà

Äëÿ êîãî ïðåäíàçíà÷åíà ýòà êíèãà 23

24 Êàê ïîñòðîåíà ýòà êíèãà

×òî íîâîãî â ýòîì èçäàíèè 25

×òî íà ïðèëàãàåìîì êîìïàêò-äèñêå

Èñòîðèÿ ðàçâèòèÿ êîìïüþòåðîâ 

Îñíîâíûå ýòàïû ðàçâèòèÿ êîìïüþòåðîâ

28 Ïðîèñõîæäåíèå ïåðñîíàëüíûõ êîìïüþòåðîâ

Èñòîðèÿ ðàçâèòèÿ êîìïüþòåðîâ  ïåðèîä äî ïîÿâëåíèÿ ïåðâîãî ÏÊ 29

30 Ïðîèñõîæäåíèå ïåðñîíàëüíûõ êîìïüþòåðîâ

Ïåðâûé ìåõàíè÷åñêèé êîìïüþòåð

Èñòîðèÿ ðàçâèòèÿ êîìïüþòåðîâ  ïåðèîä äî ïîÿâëåíèÿ ïåðâîãî ÏÊ 31

Îò ýëåêòðîííûõ ëàìï ê òðàíçèñòîðàì

32 Ïðîèñõîæäåíèå ïåðñîíàëüíûõ êîìïüþòåðîâ

Ðîæäåíèå ïåðñîíàëüíîãî êîìïüþòåðà

34 Ïðîèñõîæäåíèå ïåðñîíàëüíûõ êîìïüþòåðîâ

Ïåðñîíàëüíûé êîìïüþòåð ôèðìû IBM 35

36 Ïðîèñõîæäåíèå ïåðñîíàëüíûõ êîìïüþòåðîâ

Êòî îïðåäåëÿåò ñòàíäàðòû â èíäóñòðèè

40 Êîìïîíåíòû PC, åãî âîçìîæíîñòè è ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå ñèñòåì

42 Êîìïîíåíòû PC, åãî âîçìîæíîñòè è ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå ñèñòåì

Intel 3,600 3,200

44 Êîìïîíåíòû PC, åãî âîçìîæíîñòè è ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå ñèñòåì

46 Êîìïîíåíòû PC, åãî âîçìîæíîñòè è ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå ñèñòåì

48 Êîìïîíåíòû PC, åãî âîçìîæíîñòè è ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå ñèñòåì

Ïîääåðæèâàåìûé òèï ïðîöåññîðà x86 èëè x88 286 èëè âûøå

50 Êîìïîíåíòû PC, åãî âîçìîæíîñòè è ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå ñèñòåì

Äèñêîâîä ãèáêèõ äèñêîâ

52 Êîìïîíåíòû PC, åãî âîçìîæíîñòè è ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå ñèñòåì

54 Êîìïîíåíòû PC, åãî âîçìîæíîñòè è ïðîåêòèðîâàíèå ñèñòåì

Èñòîðèÿ ðàçâèòèÿ ïðîöåññîðîâ

56 Òèïû è ñïåöèôèêàöèè ìèêðîïðîöåññîðîâ

58 Òèïû è ñïåöèôèêàöèè ìèêðîïðîöåññîðîâ

AMD-K5 1,51,75x 3,5 32 64 4 16+8

60 Òèïû è ñïåöèôèêàöèè ìèêðîïðîöåññîðîâ

AMD-K5 ×ò./Çàï.  Øèíà Åñòü  4 300 000 Ìàðò 1996 ã.

AMD-K6 ×ò./Çàï.  Øèíà Åñòü MMX 8 800 000 Àïðåëü 1997 ã.

AMD-K6-2 ×ò./Çàï.  Øèíà Åñòü 3DNow 9 300 000 Ìàé 1998 ã.

Cyrix 6x86 ×ò./Çàï.  Øèíà Åñòü  3 000 000 Ôåâðàëü1996 ã.

Cyrix ×ò./Çàï.  Øèíà Åñòü MMX 6 500 000 Ìàé 1997 ã.

Rise mP6 ×ò./Çàï.  Øèíà Åñòü MMX 3 600 000 Îêòÿáðü1998 ã.

Jbk =jZnbq_kdh_ ij_^klZ\e_gb_ ihgylby lZdlh

GZbf_gvr_c_^bgbp_cbaf_j_gby\j_f_gb d\Zglhf ^eyijhp_kkhjZdZdeh]bq_kdh]h mkl

62 Òèïû è ñïåöèôèêàöèè ìèêðîïðîöåññîðîâ

Pentium 75 67 Pentium Pro 200 220

Pentium II 450 1240

Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà ïðîöåññîðà è ìàðêèðîâêà

64 Òèïû è ñïåöèôèêàöèè ìèêðîïðîöåññîðîâ

Ýôôåêòèâíîñòü ïðîöåññîðîâ Cyrix

66 Òèïû è ñïåöèôèêàöèè ìèêðîïðîöåññîðîâ

68 Òèïû è ñïåöèôèêàöèè ìèêðîïðîöåññîðîâ

70 Òèïû è ñïåöèôèêàöèè ìèêðîïðîöåññîðîâ

8088/8086 20 1 048 576 1 024 1 

Êýø-ïàìÿòü ïåðâîãî è âòîðîãî óðîâíÿ

Îðãàíèçàöèÿ ðàáîòû êýø-ïàìÿòè

72 Òèïû è ñïåöèôèêàöèè ìèêðîïðîöåññîðîâ

Òàêòîâàÿ ÷àñòîòà 233 200 333 500 500 600

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AMD-K5 1,51,75x 3,5 32 64 4 16+8

AMD-K5 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü 4 300 000 Ìàðò 1996 ã.

AMD-K6 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü MMX 8 800 000 Àïðåëü 1997 ã.

AMD-K6-2 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü 3DNow 9 300 000 Ìàé 1998 ã.

Cyrix 6x86 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü 3 000 000 Ôåâðàëü1996 ã.

Cyrix ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü MMX 6 500 000 Ìàé 1997 ã.

Rise mP6 ×ò./Çàï. Øèíà Åñòü MMX 3 600 000 Îêòÿáðü1998 ã.

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