M. T, XBEAEJIHA3E MEM@HCCKHFL TPAKTAT Tlepeson tekcta 1 KOMMeHTapHH B apesnem Erunre 61110 NeckonbKO pesurHosHuX mKor. Kaxaan 13 HUN BLLABHTata cBOlW « UpoucxoAAentA BeenenHnol, Tloxaayii, ofnol 43 HanGoulee OpHuriunadbHbIX wAB/AAeTCA TeOJOrMA, CO3anNad MeM- )uCCKAMH Xpenamu B Yectp Tra, Gora-noxposuteas ux ropoga. Men- (icekan TCOMOTA cO3LaBaTach Na sape TPeTHErO ThicH¥eTeTHH HOW. 3, ABJLIACh, TAKUM O6PasoM, MOUTH poBecHHuel OGbeAMHeHHOTO erHNeTcKora uapersa!, ofHaKO COXpantach B ropasgqo Gomee NosaneM cmneKe, cie- viaHvow HO MpuKasy papaona XXV (spuoncKot) aunactan IaGaxn 6 VII] sexe 20 H. 9, eMemebucckuit TpakraT> Obit wepeHecen_ nucuamn Wla6aKn Ha 4ep- nyt rpanutnyio mauty pasmepom 0,92 x 1,375 m. ¢ Gomee xpymkoro sa- Tepiiasa, ye K TOMY BpeMeH UcTJeBWerO MH N3beXeHHOrO YepBAMT. Haanuep, cocronuad 13 JBYX TOPH3OHTaJIbHbIX H TWecTHAecATH AByX Bep- THKASbUDIX CYPOK, HMeeT Moab 0,688 x 1,32 mM. Ona cxibHO MoBpex- gena: umeria Wa6axu u 6ora Cera tuyaTeabuo crepTbi, Nocepexnne nin- Th npoxesana Appa oKor0 0,12 x 0,14 M., or KoTOpol TaHyTcA YeTbIpe woManHbix Kataaa. Tlawra Ouiia uenoasopana apabcxuMM cbesaxaMn Kay M@ABHIUBIT XKePHOB, W3-3a Vero COBEpUIeHHO cTepach Gorpiuad naowagh rexcta?. B takom cocrosHHH ova Gia noaapena BpnrancKo- my Myseio B 1805 r. Hekum rpadbom Crencepom mm HaxoguTcA TaM NO HARCHTapHBIM HOMepom 797. Tlo cBoemy coxepaxanHio TeKcr yleantcaA Ha Age YacTH. B_ mepsoll (crpoxu 3—47), peub waeT 06 HeTOpHyeckHX coGpITHAX — O6veaMHeHIT Erunra 1 sosspunennn Memouca. C 48-i crpoku H3aaraerca Teosori- eckad cnekyiaunat 6B 4ectb Tra. Cymecrsyer weckorbKO H3qannit Tekcta’, H3 HHN Hao BBIZeVIITb 1 Muenust yaewux o ppemens coszauts teKcta pacxoasres. A. Span w K. Bere (A. Er man, Ein Denkmal memphitischer Theologie, Sitzungberichte der Kon. Preuss. Akad. der Wissenschaften, 1909, crp. 916—950; K. Sethe, Dramatische Texte zu altdgyptischen ‘Mysterienspielen, 1, Das Denkmal memphitischer Theologie, in Untersuch. Zur Geschichte und Altertumskunde Agyptens, Bd. X, Leipzig, 1928) cunrait spemenem cosgaina Teowornit anoxy oGneaunenia Erunta u crpoteancrsa Memduca (r. e. soxy 1—II qunacrail), roraa xaxT. 10 Ke p, NeXOAA H3 UCTOPHMECKHX H HOAMTHNECKUX AAHHBIX, HagbIRaeT BPEMA HEC KoubKo Gostee o3tuee—snoxy JIpesuero uapersa (H. J un ker, Die Gétterlehre von Mem- phis, aus dem Abh. der preuss. Akad. der Wissenschaften- nr. 23, Leipzig, 1928). 2 Pasmepu nospexaenmi AaioTer no Aaniim Bpscreaa (The philosophy of a Memphile Priest, ZAS, 39, 3950). 8 Crpoxu 1—2, nanicannme or nMenn HaGaKn, cooSulaior HaM, WTO cero BeaHHeCTBO Hepe- ncaa STY KHTY 3aHouo B «ome [Ita>, 470 KHHTa 97a, cocTaBMeHHaN Mpeaxamit, Guiaa HveTe- ia, NepBsMH H He HNeTa Hawaa H KoHNA- 4 Tlepsaa ny6ankanua npunagsexn Lappy 5 Inscriptions, 1, 36-—38, onHaKo ona itac- TOALKO ONINGOUHA, YTO HO MHeHMO SpMana (Ein denkmal, crp. 916), ee AaxKe Hesse npHU- Mar B cHer.HasBannbe BHiue padotst Bpscreaa, Spmana, 3ere u lOnxepa; oAnaKko nepenoat Bpscteaa nH OpMawa ueckoabKo qparmentapupi, a Sere, 10 COOCIBCHHOMY Mpi3HAHMI0, HHTepecoBasca B OCHOBHOM nepBoll, Apama- THYECKOH UACTbIO TeKCTa, KOTOPaA NO CO PRA TAIDIMANT He oh Spee Sh 7 Sw ee “oS f—ONYMMe dS WI Wor ate ag SQCS 10. 480 GEg*, obmmonb Ugtas, 1979, Ne 2146 M.T. Xpeneana3ze 48. ntrw hpr. wom pth 49a. pth hrs. t wr. t 50a. pth nnw i. t tm 5la. pth nw. t mw. t ms tm 52a. pth wr h3. t ns pw n psd. t 49b. . ms nttw 5Ob. Bibee «om «le ee 4 w alee 5%... ee ee ie tm 8, ter! brw. nb 53. pr m h3t bpr mrs m tit tm iw wr '3 pth swd rtrw nb. w k3w. sn sk 54. pr. n br im. f hpr. n dhtj im. fm pth bpr. nm shm ib ns m ‘tw nb br sb wnt. fm bn. th. t nb m bn. ¢ 13 nbn otew nb. w rm. t nb “wt nb bf3. t nb ‘nh. t hr k33t hr wd b. t mb meet. 7 55. psd. t- f m-b3h. f m ibhw mtw. t sptw dr. ty tm bpr. a is psd. nirw tm m mtw. t. f m db3w. f psd. t ntrw hm pw ibbw spt’m 13 pn m3 rm nb. t nb pr. n sw thw. t im. f 56. ms. n psd. t ntrw m33 ir. ty sdm msdr. j ssn fnd s’ c. su br ib nti dd pry ‘tkj. t nb in rs whm k33. t bh3- t sw ms ntrw nb. w im psd. t. f sk bpr. n is mdw. ntr nb m k33. t h3. t wd. t ns 57. sw ir k3w minw hmws. t irr di3w. nb btp. t nb m md. ¢ tn irr wir. t rsd. t sw di ‘nh n br-htp di m. t n hr-hbn. t sw ir k3. t nb hm. t nb ir, t ’wj 8m rdw] 58. nmnm ’t. nb bit wd-mdw n k33. t ib pr. t mons irr, t im3h nn | bh. t nb bpr. n dd ir tm shpr ntrw r pth (3inn is pw ms nirw pr. nb. t nb um. fm btp-di3 m 59. htp-ntrw m b. t nb. t nir. t sw gm $33 '3 pbtj. fr ntrw sw hip pth m-ht ir. t. fb. t nb. t mdw-ntr nb sk ms. n. f ntew ir. nei njwtjw grg. n. f spw. t di. n. f ntrw hr hm(w) 60. sn srwd. n. f p3. t. sn grg.n. f bmw. sn stw. ton. fd. to sn htp ibw. sn sw ’k ntrw m d. t. sn m bh. t nb m '3. t nb m im. nb b. t nb rd br bh. tf 61. bpr. n. sn im swi’b. n. f ntrw kdw. sn is htpj homj m nb {3wj 48. Born, npoucuesmue n3 [ra:! 49. Tlra Ha BeaHKOM TpoHe. 50. Ilra-Hyn—orey Aryma. 51. Vira-Hyr— ars, poansiaa Aryma. 52. Ira peankui? — To cepaue* Hu A3uIK aieaAbl. Poxusunit Goros. prym y Hoca Pa karkaniii acu, * 3yech uaqo oTMeTHTD, WTO ernITane CunTaNH Cepalte CejactiNIYeM MBICAIH H C:tOBO ecepALe> Kak SJecb, TAK JI B APYTHX Mecrax, Hao MONNIMaTS KaK «pasyn & COBPeMeHHOM cMuievte.Mempucesiit tpaktar 147 ee er ren roe dc 5h 53. TIpousoutea 43 cepatta—nponsoues 3 a3bika o6pas Atyma’. Beanx, Ura, neperaiommii (2ku3Hb?) Bcem Goram Hn ux Ka us cepiula 3roro, us s3bIKa 9ToOro...* 54. Mponsouen Top u3 wero—nponsouea Tot 3 nero—u3 Mra5 Tlpocrepaach eaacth cepaua HM A3bIKa Had KaxKALIM “Genome coraacho yucnnio, wo on (Ira) ects? B KaxKAOM Tee, B KADK- ALIX yeTax KaxKoro Gora, KaxKAOrO YeOBeKa, KaxKoro Hace- KOMOrO, *HBYULNX® cormacHoO Hmee H MO MpHKasy (7. e. cormac- HO Hee cepANa HHO MpUKasy ssbIKa)®. Ben BeaKHe moGusit uw! 55. Ero (Atyma)? gessatka 6orop nepea num (I]ta) Kak 3y6u n ry- 6bi— kak cema wu pykH Aryma. I[Jpousouwia acsarka 6orop AtyMa 13 ero cemeHn m 43 ero naapuce. Oanako acBATKa 60- ros — 9TO 3y6bl HM ryGbl B 39TOM pre, HasbIBalOUleM HMeta BCeX semen. M3 nero sous Uy “1 Teduyr, poanaach aeBaTka 60- ros! 56. Buneine raas, enumanse yureli, anxanne noca—nornaanen om wz cepgua.'!? On (Ira) — qaiounii = nponexoxnenne Kark0My pemenmo. Sank noBropser MbICab cepana. Tak ODMH pownenDl Bee Gorn (H) 3apepuiena ero xesatKa. Bouctnuy. mponsomo BCAKOe Goreckne clORO HI MBIOIH Cepana, tipHKAga AsuIKA (ILA: npuKasanHoit ) 57. Tax cosaans Ka w onpexesens Xemcyt, rpoputean Bcex 2Kep- THONPHHOMICHH H MHIMH, HocpexeTROM |TOrO cslOBa, co3naTeds snoGBH 1 HeHaBueTH.'® Tak Bava 2u3Hb MApO.OGHBOMY 1 eMepTh BHHOBHOMY. Tax coTBOpeHbI Bce paGoTbl HU BCe HCKyCCTBAa, pa- 6ota pyk, Xoxyenne Hor, 58. ABHWKeHHe KaxgOrO Wea corsacHoO lipHKa3y = MbICIH cep Ua, BICKAZAHHOFO ASbIKOM, CO3LaTeETeM AOCTOHHCTBa (T. e. CYy- TH?) Bcex seme. Tosopst: «co3qaTen Beero, AaBuinit npone- xouwaenne Goram>, o Ira, cosgatete Goros. Hpousowan penn Bee H3 Hero: 2kepTBONpHHoMeHUA UH 9. nuMa, %KepTBONpHHOUTeHHA Goram, H Bee Gaara (OCNOBHO: Bent Bee Mpekpacubie). Tak Gbi0 yeraHoBiecio MM MOHsTO, 4TO OH (Ilva) moryulectBenneit Beex Goros, Tak yloBsaerBopen Obit Ilva nocae co3qanua uM Beex Belleit H BCeX GoOxKeCKHX cMOB. 60. Ou co3qa GoroB, cOTBOpH. ropowa, OCHOBal HOMBI, pacnpeye- ava 6oros (GyKB.: NOJOXH OH GOrOB) HO HX KYJbTOBLIM Mec- TaM, YCTAHOBHA HX Jab, OCHOBAL CBATA CBATHIX HX XpaMoB, eqedamt Teta WX cormacHO *KenaHHw HX. Tak Bo. Gorn B cBON Tena W3 BCAKOTO epeRa, H3 BCAKOTO KaMHs, H3 BCAKO! MIMI. Bem Beakne pactyT na nem! G1. npousouim on 3 Hero, Tak o6vesnHHA OH Bcex GoroR H UX Ka, AOBOMbUBIX H BOCCOeAHHEHHbIX BacTHTeaeM OGeHX 3eMe/b (HqM: JOBObULIX HM BOCCOeAMHeHUEIX ¢ BaacTHTeTem o6eHxX 3e@Meub) . 1. Hs-sa noancemun mpeasora «my BosMoxHet Tp rpaxMarHmeckn NPaBHJISHBIX Tepesoga: «Gorn, mponcmegumue 3 Ilray, «6orn, mponc- wegzume B IIra», «Gorn, crasume [Tra»'!. H3 nax nepspie Apa naecnTHy- bt 10 CBOeEMY KOHeHOMYy CMbICJy; TpeTbero npHzepxuBasica K. 3ere!* o«nako lOnkep cnpapeaauBo oTBepr 9TOT BapHaHT, T. K. OH Npexnosa- 1 Jan wcex wapuanton cm. WB III, c. 260-261; A. Gardiner, Grammar,§ 162, bpr. w— nepdexrnice axrusiioe npractue or raarona bpr (Gardiner, Grammar, § 359) 2K, Sethe, Dramatische Texte..., c. 47. ain nel148 M.T. Xpexeanase raeT MepBoHayaabHoe caMocToATeMbHOe cyulecTBoBalie conoctapsen- upix ¢ Tlra Goros, Torqa Kak OCHOBHOM WeAbIO TeoAOrHH ABAKeTCA HMeH- HO NpoBosraawienue nepBH4yHocTH [ta, ero posh npapogutena'’, Uro Ka- caetet nepesona camoro IOuxepa — «Gorn, KOTOpLIe uMcIOT eBoit oGpas w [lra> — On ABAAeTCA CKOpee NOrHYeCKHM 3AaKMIOUeHHeM, paculupeH- NbIM TOAKOBAHHEM KOHCYHOrO CMEICTa He TOMbKO LanHoi cpasbl, HO H Becro oTpLiBKka (eTpokH 48—52), Koropbiii sBAmerca mMeperHcennem pasawunbix smManaunit Tra, a He jlocTOBHLIM mepeBomoM. 2. Kak 6pi10 cKagzano spite, 8B «Mem@ucckom TpaKxtate» IOnKep BbIa- buraet rHmotesy, YTO eMule B ROMMHacTHNecKOM Erunre cymlecTBoBA kyJbT OOuleerunerckoro morymectBeHHoro Gora Ypa, uw uto « — sto cosqanHoe «cneuHatbHo Aaa Teauonoaa uma toro Gorae'4. B Ka- YeCTBe ELMHCTBEHHOTO ROKazaTeAbCTBA THNOTesH OH MpMBOAHT cAO*RHO- coctaguble HMeHa Goros Hu xKpeueckNe THTYTH THNa Pth.-wr,'® Jmn-wr,'® wr-ms3e,'7 wr brp. w hmw. t,!8 npeasoraa TpaxTopatb No HoBOMY, T. ¢. mO- iuMatb «wra!® Kak co6cTBeHNOe UMA BeANKOrO Gora H creLOBRATCABHO, Ne- penoguts: AMou-Yp®, Tra-Yp2! — eror, Koropuit suant Ypa>?, «nanaqp- amx pemecet Ypa»’, To cnpaBeaausomy 3ameyanmio Canaman-Xomm6epra, Heib3H He OTHOCHTCH KPHTHYeCKH K TOLOGHO! runoTese NpH MOHOM OT- cyteTsuit bakTos, Tem Goulee, uTO He cyllecTByeT HHKAaKOrO apxeoulorH- “eCKOTO MaTePHada, AOKASEIBAIOMLCrO OHOPOAHOCTb KYJbTYPbl HOAMHAC- tuyeckoro Erunta 1 Bo3Mo%xKHOCTD CyulecTBOBAHHS OGuleeruneTcKOrO KyTb- 7a B QomMnactH4eckHe Bpemena™, Kazketcs Gonee peasbHbiM no”Kpen- AeHHOe MHOPOYHCACHHBIMH (bakTaMH MpeANoJO*KenHve, MTO «erHNTAHe Na- 3bIBaJH CBONX BeAHKHX GoroB «wr», KOrqa XOTeEMH NOAYEPKHYTb HX BeJH- une H ApeBHocTb», Tlepesoas crpoku 52a u 53, lOnkep wesHKoM Hexoana u3 cBoeit runoresbl. Canaman-Xoam6epr pecbMa KpHTHUeCKH OTHOCHTCA K NO06- omy conoctanaenmo ¢ «Gorom no npossuiy «BeaMKniir®, Jleficran- TEADNO, NPCACTABARETCA CAMIIKOM PHCKOBaHABIM MpeAMOMOXKUTb cyulec- yBOBarie OGuleerunMeTCKOrO KysbTa BeaHKOrO Gora, He OCTaBHBWero HH- KaKHx cAeoB, 6e3 AocTaTOUKOrO NOAKpenseHUA cakTaMH NpeANOORUTb ToKAecTBO C HEM TreanonosascKoro Atyma Hu JonycTHTb, 4rO B Mem@Hc- CKOM TeKere Mp NepenncszenmM BoceMH cbopm Tra uponsBoautes comoc- rapaenne TIra—Yp, ¢Kotopoe wagqo nonumath KkaK Ilra—Arym»?. WH. Junker, Die Cétlertelye..., c. 18. 4 Tam xe, c. 33 19 Tira weauinit 16 Amon seaunnit 17 Tutya nepxonoro xkpeua Teavonons: Bepxonunii unaRuttit. 'S Turya Bepxosioro %Kpeua Memmrica: BepxoBmutit Mactep pemeces. Jlas nepesoaa npn~ slarateapuoro wr b aKpeHecKoit THTyAaType cm. K. Sethe, Zu dem mit wr «der Grosser be- ginnenden alten Titeln, ZAS, 55, 1918, c. 65—67. 18 wr— Goapmoi venuKnit (WB I 326). 2H. Junker, Die Gotterlehre..., c. 31. 1 Tam xe, c. 30. Tam xe, c. 27 23 Tam me, c. 29. 4M. Sandman-Holmberg, The God Ptah, Lund, 1916, c. 267. 28H. Kees, Der Gétterglaube im Allen Agypten, Berlin, 1956, ¢. 44; K. Sethe, Urgeschichte, § 69. 3M. Sandman-Holmberg, The God Ptah.., C, 265. 27H. Junker, Die Gétterlehre..., c. 25.Mexpucexni tpaxtar MaaopepostHo, 4To cosqaTemM TeosorHM oToxAecTBHAH Tira c Aty- MOM HMCHHO B cTpoKe 52a 4 no Apyroii, wHcTO HAeonOrHuecKkHh MpHunne. Mem@ucekne okpeubt cosfapasiM cBoIo TeOsOrHIO B yesOBHAX OcTpoli Gopp6ni c ApeBHUMH pesMrHo3sHLIMH TpaaNunamu Tesuonoas. Xora ux OCHOBHOH terbIO Gpi0 mpoBosraamenne II1a co3qatesem Gorop Ht Bce- JCHHOH, HO TepeA HMMM cTO#JA H Apyrad, He MeHee BaykHaA 3aqaya — NaHecTH yap MO PeMMONOABCKO{ KOCMOTOHHH H NpHHUSiTh sHaveHHe re- smMonosscKoro Gora nemuypra Atyma’’. Mem@ucckue xkpemst paspe- MAH 9TY Saay AOBOJbHO OCTPOYMHBIM criocoGom. Coraacko reamonoapcKomy yueduio, AtyM Opi aprorennbim Gomec- TBOM, BbIEAMIHM 3 BOA NepBobbirHoro oxeana—Hyna. Poa, camoro Hyna naccuena, of Aub OTHUeTBOPAA Cobol Ty nepBoNayabHyI0 Ma- TepHIO, H3 HeAp KOTOpO! BEET Cam ce6a coTBOpHBUH Gor-zemHypr. Uneprnocr, Hywa moavepkmpaeres wiorimu wcenenonateramn, 3. Mo- peHil, VKaSbIBAA Ha NOVINyI0 HenpHYacrHocTh Hyna K ary TBOpeHHs, OT- Mevaer, 4TO BeTpeyaloniniica B erumercKHX reKeTax gnurer Hyna «oren GoroB» Bcero aN KONCTaTHpyer ero Goulee pannee, NO NaccHBHOe cy- ulecTBOBaHUe BO BpemeNi H mpocrpancTBe®’. Xapaxrepusya Hyna, Co- nepou nu Floiiorr 3ameyaior, 4ro «HyHy oTBo_naach iil maccupHas polb KoaBGerH, B KOTOpO sapoaNJacy nepBan axTHBHaa cHaa»®, «TMe- pBoit aKtuBHO cusoi> sBannen AtyM, KoTopsiii cHatasa corgopHa ce- Oa CaM, a 3aTCM MpHCTYNH K CO31aHHiO 6oroB Ht BceJeHHOl «0 cBO- emy co6cTBeHHOMy MeTOy H H3 ceés camoro»®!, O6vanaan [ra-Hywa u TIra-Hyner «otuom» wu xmateppion AtyMa, «cOTBOpHBUINMH ero», Co3- Aavesiu TeKcta TeM CaMbIM OTBepraH aBTorenHoctb AtyMa, ero posb NCpBO AKTHBHOHM cHAbl—T, €. OHH OTHAJH y Hero HMeHHO Te KavecTBa, KOTOpble XapaktTepH30Baqn ero Kak Aemuypa. ATyM mpeactaeT yxKe He KaK NepBOTBOpe, a BCeTO AHWb Kak NepBhiii B JOHHHOM pate co3smaH- ubIx Goros. C apyroit cropoiibi, Hya u Hynet, conocrapacnubie c [ta B erpo- kax 50a—5la, Tem cambim oOpaBaRIoTCA paatH4HbiMa 9MaHauHaMH Tra, @, XOTH OHH H NpHBteKalored K akry coTBopeHHa AtyMma, HO TOJbKO Kak pasananble dopmi Tra, Koroppiii apanerca «caniersenHol Bee pewaiomel cHaoii>®, « LO Pos COTBOpeHHorO Gora, Obl Gb 3aTeM comOcTan- AeH—U, ClegoBaTeAbHO, OTOARecTBAeH—c TIta, HMeHHO Korza TOT Bhicrynaer & choci TiaBHel pon —posm TROpa. Boaee nparion0x06- HO, UTO B crpoKe 52a «wre urpaeT poOnb MMeHH tptdararenpuoro, i Tira, BbicTynas B CBOeM Bue (T. e. BNE CHHKPeTH4eCKHX coe- AnHeHni), MpOBOsrauIeH «BeNKHM> Kak MCHOTHHTeIb cBoel BbICiuell pyuxunu — Gora-aemuypra mM G6ora-TBopua. 3. peacrapaerca, uo mepesox «on uMeer O6pa3s Kak cepmue, on uMeer OOpas Kak s3bIK>%? B QaHHOM KOHTeKCTe He COBCeM afeKBaTeH ern- * B 55-fi crpoxe «Mem¢rcexoro rpakrata> oven» sicho HoxvepKuyTo enpenespexenner cosgaTeaeit Teoxori K reanonomeKol suHeate Atyma. Saech rowoptes: «tensTKka GoroB— 370 Beero HUIS FGI N syGui-B TOM pre (T. e. pre Tra), HaaKIBaioNleM MEH BMCeX Benet». *S. Morenz, Egyptian Religion..., c. 171. *S. Sauneron et J. Yoyoite, Lanaissance du monde selon IEgy' ne, Sources orientales, 1, Paris, 1959, c. 25. ™ K. Sethe, Amun und die acht Urgétter von Hermopolis, Abh. der Preuss. Akad. der Wissenschaften, 1929, § 261, c. 172 #S. Morenz, Egyptian Religion..., c. 172. *H. Junker, Die Gétterlehre..., ¢. 40. pte ancien-150 M.T. Xpenenngase nerckomy Texcty hpr m hst hpr m ns. To namemy muenio, hpr—m yno- TpeGAeHO snech B snayeHHH «nponaolitH us..>% K. Sere, Koropmili mpi ACPAHBAACH TPAKTOBKH: ®, IOnKep ucnodpsyer cpoii nepeson erpokn 53 qua aaspuelimero nogzgepxKanAa cBoell rHnoTesH 06 Ype. * Bauay Toro, uo qanee caeayer aaKkyna MPHMepHO Ha ylecsaTh Hepo- Tanhos, TPYAHO cKkasaT c yBepenHoctbo, m hat pn m ns pn 3apepilaior Aannyio (ppasy wax 3namenylor Hayao HoBoi, yrepsunoi. * Mam «xax Tira?» Wexoaa m3 KoureKeta, HeBo3MOxKHO cKa3aTh ¢ YeepenHOCTbIO, Kakoe Ha 9THX AByX sHauentit hpr-m35 ynorpe6aeno co3- Aateaimu tTexcra. Hexoaa 13 ome TenenumM MemduccKoit Teoazorun, BOSMOAHi OGa BapHanta. * T. e Hago sceli matepueli ‘wn. t. [—savo ow ecths, Apesneitmnti axeupasenr nt. tL 1.37 * Mu nepenoaum nh, t Kak npnuacrne’*, Cuutaxenueck mb. t MoxeT ObITD TAKAC HMeHHLIM HHDUHHTHBOM, H Tora MepeBod Gy- AeT «®®, OfHaKO Takaa TpaKToRKa npejonaraer, To 3a nib. t cleAOBAtO MpHaarateabHoe nb, nponyueHHoe npu mepenne Ke, Mbl Bosaepacasuch oF TaKoil THNOTESLI, TEM Godlee, ITO OKOHMATE.TH- ubiii CMbICM OTPBIBKA B OGOUX cayYaax O_MH HM TOT 2%Ke, ° Jocratouno Geraoro B3rTALa, UTOGK yBAeTb, HaCkKObKO nepeson, 4? npenoxeHHA hr kas. t hr wd sBanetes BoaBHEIM. Ta- Koe o606uene TOuKep Reaaet, aa6vi NoKAsaTb cROIO rHtoTesy, UTO B TCKCTE BCTperalorca «ppasbl, SAHMCTBOBAHHbIe He H3 pesHTHOsHOrO, a ecrecTBCHHOHAY4HOrO TeKCTa, H UTO HaHHOe Mecro MoBecTByer He oO JIra, KOTOPLIi B BNE CepAla HM ABLIKA BaAacTByer Hao BCeM, a 4TO 3/ecb Be- AyTeh ecTecTBeHHOHAy4Hble PasMDILICHHA O TOM, ITO cepane HM s3LIK ABAMOTCA TAABCNCTBYIOMLUMH YICHAMM OrpaHHaMa, T. K. OHH MbICJIAT 1 THOPAT B KAKIOM ARHBOM cyulecTRe!!. Takoe mpeANoOwKeuHe Wenaer ete Oodce sanyTaHHblvM TeKcr, H Ges TOrO HeOAHOPOAHII: H CHOOKHBI At noHUMaHHa. OHAKO B HEM He COLepAHTCA AOKa3aTetECTBa 9yTOI THNO- Te3bl, K KOTOpOl BecbMa KPHTHYeCKH OTHOCATCA TakHe yucHbie, Kak 3. Mopenu? n M. Canaman-XoamGepr, B gannom oTpBIBKe, HampHMep, coBepleHHO ACHO, 4TO pedb met O Tlra, KoropHtit HaxonHTCH B KaxKIOM Tene WB KaxbIX yerax (vr. e. Bor raaroset KaxkabIMH ycTaMH), a He oO cepullle H ASbIKe B GHOMOrMYeCKOM CMBICIe, KOTOPHe eCTb B KaxKOM HKH- BoM cyulecTBe. Sro BHAHO Osaroqapa mpucyTcTBHIO MecToNMeHHs «f>4* — 4 WB IIL 200 *%K. Sethe, Dramatische texte..., c. 52. WB 111 261 7K. Sethe, Dramatische texte..., c. 5, 55; ZAS 50 112. A. Gardiner, Grammar, §§ 353—354. *H. Junker, Die Gatterlehre..., c. 48. 4 Tam axe, c. 48. 1 Tam axe, ¢. 49. *S. Morenz, Egyptian Religion... c. 164. 47M. Sandman-Holmberg, The God Ptah..., c. 135. 44 Ecan peub user o cepaye H s3bIKe ORHOBPeMeNHO, TO MPH 4eM 3qece MectouMent @ IIL aia, MYaKCK. powa, eq. wcma?Mewgpucexuit tpaxrar 151 “hr sb wn. t. f»—«coraacno yyennto, ao HaxoguTen on (T. e. Tra) 8 KawKMOM sede... HT. Ae 10h. t nb. (1) mer. t. | urnopnpyetcs TOuKepom mpi nepesoge. Tlo HalleMy MHCHHIO, H3 BCEX BO3MOKHDIX BapHaHTOB HanGoree MpaBHutb- HLM C TOUKH 3peHA TpaMMaTHKH mM KonTeKcta Gyaer ee MepeBoa, Kak orleabuoro Mpessorenna. Mepesot caeian WaMu Ha OCHOBAHHH MaHHbIX WB 11 9145, Ognako mecto, KOHeuHO, He COBCeM ACHOE. 4B stom otpsiske MHoro Heacnocra. Bo-nepsbix, tTpyaNo cKa- 3aTb ¢ YBepeHHOCTbIO, KTO MoApasyMeBacTca TO, MecTOHMEAHeM «io B ipparmenre psd. t. f tT. ¢. 0 ubeit AeBaATKe 3mech HeT Petb—O AeBATKE Arya namo jaeparke Tra‘, To Hamemy MHeHmo, noapasymepaercs je- pitka AtyMa, TeM Go.iee, TO Aadbulle peub HUET yaie COBCpIEHHO ACHO o gepatxe Atyma—psd. t ntrw tm,—a npu Bceli HeacHocrH TeKcTa o4ue- BHAHO, UTO B HEM TloApasyMeBawTeA He “Be AeBATKH, a onnat?. Careno- BATeNBHO, 3AcCh FOBOpHTcA O AeBATKe ATYMa, KoTOpaH «yHMKeHa> Hac- TOADKO, YTO Ha3RaHa Beero AHWb «3yOaMu MH ryGamu B 9TOM pre (T. &. pre Mra), nagpipaiouem uMena Bcex Beuell. B TakoM cay4ae nmpoacHaerca eMbICA LOBOADHO TYMAHNOM spas: psd. t ntr. w. f m—bah. f m ibhw sptw. mtw. tdr. tj tm-—cero (Aryma) nesaTka mepea nM (fra), kax sy- Gb, uo ryOb, Kak cea H pykH AtyMa>.—T. ¢. BCA «BeIHKaad SHHeaqa» reper aunom Tira scero anmb npoctol uaetpymexr, opyaHe, KoTopoe HcHOdb2yeTen TBOPNOM TAK 2%e, Kak GLH HeMOAbsoBanbt Atymom co6c- TBEHHOe CEMA H adbuit, NOTA H YKASaHO MHMOXOAOM, 4TO AeBATKA Oba cossata 43 cement H tlaapues AtyMa, TYT JKe OMHCLIBAeTCH MPOHCXOXK- eune Wy & Tepnyr ws «store pra» (1. @. MeToXoM rpomKoro mpousne- cenua). Bnoane aornuno npexnoaoxutb, uro nocne IHy u Tedbuyr a0 @pasbl «Kpokacva AeBATKA OoroB» ObMIM Nepedncsenst Be APyrHe WTIeHbE AeBATKH, HO 9TO MecTO yTepsHo. ® Jlaa cpazneana — dopmyaa di. r. (i). n.k. ‘nh dt was hr. i — «saio a Te6e 2%KHSHD... H3 ceOs>. Tlepesog IOuKepa «ou coo6uxaior cBeneHHa cepuny>*? copepuiciio nescen. OvesuqHo, TaKan TpakTOBKa HY KHAa tOu- Kepy IH MOATBEPAACHHA THNOTesbt OG OTPbIBKAX eCTECTBEHHO-Hay4HO- ro Xapaxrepa B texcre « ABAAeTCA TAKE «co3qatesiem Ka u Xemcyt»®, a ue Tax, 170 Ka it XemcytT T8OpaAT 2epTBO- NpHHoWeHHA nocpexctBoM y7oro caoBa*!, TBopenne nocpezcTBOM cAloBa BaseTca B MempuccKON TeosoruN HpuBHaernel Tra. 4 Saecb noquepkiyTo BaxkHOe snayenne TareHeHa Kak T10q0pon- Holl, ~BoccTatonlel 13 GOAT 3eMuH. 48 jry mer. t. [.— aeaats, KaK on u0GHT (xoueT)- shtp m mrrt. f— odpazosathes Tem, To oF s0Gutr. 45 Onxep nepewogitr Kak «enstKa Tras, Die Gotterlehire, . 55 Uro npuanaer u KOuxep; Tas axe, ¢ 55. “8 WB IIL 315. “ H. Junker, Die Gétterlehre, crp. 61. 3 Xeeyt — xKeHeKoe HonoAHeHHe Ka. Berpeiaeres B ocHonitom ao sui. wite-te. [po- caexusaetes 8 TeKcTaX, aguHas ¢ TexeTon uupamua. Ca. WB III 95. Tipegerasuaa Orzea apesnet ueropuit Muermtyra icropum, ap- xeosoruu H atuorpapHn im. HA. Jbxavaxumeuan AH PCCP