UNIVERSIDAD DISTRITAL QUIMICA PARA FISICOS

FRANCISCO JOSÉ DE CALDAS QUÍMICA GENERAL I

TALLER 1
Introducción al manejo de mediciones y cálculos

Solve the following exercises taking into consideration the amount of significant figures:

1. Express the following numbers in scientific notation: penny is measured to be 1.494 grams. How many grams
(a) 6500.; (b) 0.00630; (c) 860; (d) 186,000; (e) 0.10010. of zinc does this penny contain?

2. Express the following exponentials as ordinary 11. Express: (a) 283°C in K; (b) 15.25 K in °C; (c)
numbers: (a) 5.26 x 104; (b) 4.10 x 10−6; (c) 16.00 x 102; −32.0°C in °F; (d) 100.0°F in K; (e) 0°F in °C; (f)
(d) 8.206 x 10−4; (e) 9.346 x 103; (f) 9.346 x 10−3. 98.6°F in K; (g) 298 K in °F; (h) 11.3°C in °F.

3. How many significant figures are there in the 12. A common unit of energy is the erg. Convert
following: (a) 0.062005; (b) 31.4; (c) 0.00625; (d) 6.111; (e) 3.74 x 10−2 erg to the SI units of energy, joules, and
3.14 x 10−2; (f) kilojoules. One erg is exactly 1 x 10−7 joule (J).

4. Express the result of each of the following 13. A container has a mass of 73.91 g when empty and
calculations to the proper number of significant 91.44 g when filled with water. The density of water
figures: is 1.0000 g/cm3. (a) Calculate the volume of the
container. (b) When filled with an unknown liquid, the
(a) 4.1374 + 2.81 + 0.0603 container had a mass of 88.42 g. Calculate the density
(b) 4.1374 – (2.81 + 0.0603) of the unknown liquid.
(c) 0.0613 x 0.4044
(d) (4.178 + 4.032)/1.217 14. On the Réamur scale, which is no longer used, water
(e) [(6.3194 – 4.1387) (204.2)]/0.2148 freezes at 0°R and boils at 80°R. (a) Derive an equation
(f) 145.75 + (2.3 x 10−1) that relates this to the Celsius scale. (b) Derive an
(g) (7.0 x 10−3) – (8.0 x 10−4) equation that relates this to the Fahrenheit scale. (c)
(h) (1.0 x 104) x (9.9 x 106) Mercury is a liquid metal at room temperature. It boils
(i) 79500 / (2.5 x 102) at 356.6°C (673.9°F). What is the boiling point of
(j) (8.7 x 10−1) / (3.6 x 10−2)3 mercury on the Réamur scale?

5. The circumference of a circle is given by ̟d,
where d is the diameter of the circle. Calculate the
circumference of a circle with a diameter of 6.91 cm.
Use the value of 3.141593 for ̟.
6. What is the mass of a rectangular piece of copper
24.4 cm x 11.4 cm x 7.9 cm? The density of copper is
8.92 g/cm3.
7. The density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL. If 116 g of
ethanol is needed for a chemical reaction, what volume
of liquid would you use?
8. The density of mercury is 13.59 g/cm 3. Express
the density of mercury in lb/ft3.
9. The density of silver is 10.5 g/cm 3. (a) What is the
volume, in m3, of an ingot of silver with mass 0.615
kg? (b) If this sample of silver is a cube, how long is
each edge in cm? (c) How long is the edge of this
cube in inches?
10. U.S. pennies made since 1982 consist of 97.6% zinc
and 2.4% copper. The mass of a particular
15. At what temperature will a Fahrenheit
thermometer give: (a) the same reading as a Celsius
thermometer? (b) a reading that is twice that on the
Celsius thermometer? (c) a reading that is numerically
the same but opposite in sign from that on the Celsius
thermometer?
16. Battery acid is 40.0% sulfuric acid, H2SO4, and
60.0% water by mass. Its specific gravity is 1.31.
Calculate the mass of pure H 2SO4 in 100.0 mL of
battery acid.
17. A sample is marked as containing 22.8% calcium
carbonate by mass. (a) How many grams of calcium
carbonate are contained in 64.33 g of the sample? (b)
How many grams of the sample would contain 11.4 g
of calcium carbonate?
18. The lethal dose of potassium cyanide (KCN)
taken orally is 1.6 mg/kg of body weight. Calculate
the lethal dose of potassium cyanide taken orally by a
175-lb person.
19. A foundry releases 6.0 tons of gas into the
atmosphere each day. The gas contains 2.2% sulfur

1 Tomadas y adaptadas del PCLQ 2013 Universidad Distrital

Francisco Jose de Caldas – Docente Jhon Corredor.

UNIVERSIDAD DISTRITAL QUIMICA PARA FISICOS
FRANCISCO JOSÉ DE CALDAS QUÍMICA GENERAL I

dioxide by mass. What mass of sulfur dioxide is were submitted to the analysis seven times, obtaining
released in a five-day week? the following data:

20. A certain chemical process requires 215 gal of Trial Volume of acid Volume of NaOH

pure water each day. The available water contains 11 (mL) (mL)
parts per million (ppm) by mass of salt (i.e., for every 1 24.85 49.18
1,000,000 parts of available water, 11 parts of salt). 2 24.91 49.30
What mass of salt must be removed each day? A gallon 3 25.02 49.52
of water weighs 3.67 kg. 4 24.96 49.38
5 25.05 49.57
21. Calculate the standard deviations for each of the 6 25.12 49.72
following sets of data: 7 24.97 49.41

A B (a) Calculate the normality of the acid for each of the

93.6 percent 10.02 percent data; (b) Calculate the mean and the standard deviation
93.7 10.01 of normality; (c) Establish the confidence limits of the set
93.5 10.09 of data (for n = 7, confidence = 95%, t = 2.45)

Which set possesses the larger standard deviation?

22. An experimental procedure was applied to the

calibration of a volumetric 100 mL flask. The following
set of data was obtained:

Trial Weight of water (g) T (ºC)

1 99.85 18
2 99.88 18
3 99.81 18
4 99.83 19
5 99.85 19
6 99.84 19
7 99.85 19
8 99.82 19
9 99.82 20
10 99.83 20

(a) Calculate the volume of water for the set of data;

(b) Calculate the mean and the standard deviation of
volume; (c) Establish the nominal volume and the
confidence limits (for n = 10, confidence = 95%, t =
2.26).

23. The following data were obtained when a new

method for the analysis of iron was evaluated against
a sample known to assay 21.68 percent Fe:

Sample Weight of sample (g) Weight of iron (g)

1 0.7044 0.1524
2 0.7118 0.1552
3 0.7293 0.1588
4 0.7344 0.1572
5 0.7263 0.1579

(a) Evaluate the mean percentage of iron; (b) Use the

mean to evaluate the standard deviation, the absolute
and relative error.

24. A sample of acid of unknown concentration was

analyzed by acid – base titration using a NaOH
0.1034 N solution. Aliquots of the sample

2 Tomadas y adaptadas del PCLQ 2013 Universidad Distrital

Francisco Jose de Caldas – Docente Jhon Corredor.