ភាគ ២

វចននុ កមពុទធ សន
ែខ្មរ - អង់េគ្លស

Part II
Khmer - English
Buddhist Dictionary
 
 
 
 អក រកត់

adj. Adjective eccl. ecclesiastical

(K.) in Khmer usage lit. Literally
(mis.) Misleading n. Noun 
v. verb * newly coined Pali term

េ ប បេធ បអក ររម

៉ូ ុ ំងែដលេ បជបលី

អ ឥ ឦ ឧ ឩ ឯ ឱ a à i ì u ù e o

ក ខ គ ឃ ង k kh g gh æ

ច ឆ ជ ឈ ញ c ch j jh ñ

ដ ឋ ឌ ឍ ណ å åh ð ðh ä

ត ថ ទ ធ ន t th d dh n

ប ផ ព ភ ម p ph b bh m

យ រ ល វ ស ហ ឡ ◌ំ y r l v s h ø ç
(ö ឬ ŋ)

នេម តស ភគវេ អរហេ សមមសមពុទធស ។

សពបបស អករណំ កុសលស ូ បសមបទ

សចិតបរ ិេយទបនំ ឯតំ ពុទធន សនំ ។

Namo tassa Bhagavato Arahato Sammàsambuddhassa.

Sabbapàpassa akaraäaç, Kusalassùpasampadà,
Sacittapariyodapanaç; Etaç Buddhàna sàsanaç. 
 ក
កង្ខា (Kaækhà) doubt; uncertainty.
(Kaåattàkamma) casual act;
កដតា្ត កម្ម
cumulative or reserve kamma.
កឋិន (Kaåhina) the Kathin ceremony;
the annual robe-presentation
ceremony (in the month following
the end of the Rains Retreat);
postlenten robe-offering; Post-Retreat
Robe-Presen-tation.
កណ្ឌ (Kaäða) 1. a chapter, portion or
part (of a religious book). 2. a
sermon.
កណ្ឌ េទស (Dhammadesanàpùjà*, Dham-
makathikadeyya*) offerings for a
sermon.
ុ (Kataññutà) gratitude; grateful-
កតញ្ញតា
ness; appreciation.
កតញ្ញូ (Kataññù) adj. grateful; obliging;
knowing the done favour.
កតញ្ញូកតេវទិតា (Kataññùkatavedità) the
quality of being a grateful person;
gratitude; gratefulness.
កតញ្ញូកតេវទី (Kataññùkatavedì) one who
is thankful for benefits received and
reciprocates them.
កតតា្ត កម្ម េមីល កដតា្ត កម្ម
កតេវទី (Katavedì) one who reciprocates
the done favour.
កថាវត្ថុ (Kathàvatthu) 1. “Points of
Controversy”; name of the fifth book
of the Abhidhamma Piåaka. 2. a
subject of discussion.
កប្ប , កល្ប (Kappa) 1. an aeon; world-
1
aeon; world-age; world-cycle; world-
period. 2. the life-term; life-period;
the duration of life.
កប្បនា (Kappanà) 1. merit dedicated to
the departed. 2. េមីល អគារដាក់កប្បិយវត្ថុ
កប្បពិន្ទុ (Kappabindu) a smudge that
makes a new robe allowable; dark
mark or small black dot applied to a
new robe to make it lawful. v.
( ដាក់កប្បពិន្ទុ ) to make a robe
allowable by applying a disfiguring
smudge (by which the owner can also
identify it); mark with a smudge.
កប្បិយការកៈ (Kappiyakàraka) one who
makes things suitable for a monk;
attendant of a monk.
កម្ម (Kamma) 1. karma; kamma; a
volitional action; action; deed; good
and bad volition. 2. work; job;
activity; transaction.
កម្មកេិ លស (Kammakilesa) an action
causing impurity; depravity of action;
vice of conduct.
កម្មដ្ឋាន (Kammaååhàna) subjects of
meditation; meditation exercises; the
act of meditation or contemplation;
ground for mental culture.
កម្មនិយាម (Kammaniyàma) order of act
and result; the Law of Kamma.
កម្មបថ (Kammapatha) course of action;
way of action; kamma as the way
leading to the woeful or blissful
existences.
កម្មភព (Kammabhava) kamma-process;
 the active process of becoming. កាមរាគៈ (Kàmaràga) sensual passion;
កម្មវាចា (Kammavàcà) the formal words sensual lust; sense-desire; sensuality;
of an act; text of a formal act, i.e. a desire for sensual pleasures.
motion ( ញាត្តិ ) together with one or កាមេលាក (Kàmaloka) the world of
three proclamations ( អនុសាវនា ) that sense-desire; the Sense Sphere; the
may follow. world of sensual pleasures.
កម្មវាចាចារ្យ (Kammavàcàcariya) Act- កាមវិតក្ក (Kàmavitakka) thought of
Announcing Teacher; (First) Ordina- sensual pleasures.
tion-Teacher. កាមសុខ (Kàmasukha) worldly
ករុណា (Karuäà) compassion; pity. happiness; happiness arising from
កលលៈ (Kalala) the embryo in the first sensual pleasures.
week after conception.
កាមសុខល្លិកានុេយាគ
កល្យាណមិត្តតា (Kalyàäamittatà) good (Kàmasukhallikànuyo-ga) self-
indulgence; sensual indul-gence; the
frien-dship; good company;
constant attachment to sensual
association with the virtuous. pleasures.
កសិណ (Kasiäa) a meditational device; កាមសុមិចា្ឆចារ (Kàmesumicchàcàra)
object of meditation; the method of
sexual misconduct; sensual
inducing concentration by gazing at misconduct; unlawful sexual
any of the ten objects, viz., earth,
intercourse; adul-tery.
water, fire, air, blue, yellow, red,
កាមសំវរៈ (Kàmasaçvara) sexual
white, space and light.
កាម (Kàma) sense-desire; desire; restraint.
sensua-lity; an object of sensual
កាមាវចរ (Kàmàvacara) belonging to the
enjoyment; sensual pleasures. Sense Sphere.
កាមគុណ (Kàmaguäa) sensual កាមាវចរភូមិ (Kàmàvacarabhùmi) the
pleasures; objects of sensual Sensuous Plane of Existence; the
enjoyment. Sense Sphere; the Sensuous Sphere.
កាមឆន្ទៈ (Kàmachanda) sensual desire; កាមុបាទាន (Kàmupàdàna) sensuous
excitement of sensual pleasure. cling-ing; attachment to sensuality.
កាមតណ្ហ ា (Kàmataähà) sensual craving; កាយ (Kàya) 1. the body; material body.
craving for sensual pleasures. 2. the body of psychic factors,
កាមភព (Kàmabhava) the sphere or namely, Vedanà, Saññà and
Saækhàra.
state of existence dominated by
sensual pleasures; Sensuous
កាយកម្ម (Kàyakamma) bodily action;
Existence; Sense Sphere. actions performed by the body.
កាយគតាសតិ (Kàyagatàsati) mindfulness
2
 with regard to the body; reflection or កាលមរណៈ (Kàlamaraäa) timely death.
contemplation on the 32 impure parts កាសាវព្រស្ត (Kàsàya, Kàsàvavattha)
of the body.
cloth dyed with astringent decoction;
កាយទុច្ច រតិ (Kàyaduccarita) misconduct the yellow robe; ochre robes.
by the body; bodily misconduct; កិច្ចវត្ត (Kiccavatta*) religious routine;
misconduct in action.
daily religious observances.
កាយទ្វារ (Kàyadvàra) 1. the body-door; កិចា្ចធិករណ៍ (Kiccàdhikaraäa) business
bodyavenue; the outlet of bodily
senses. 2. the body-door; the channel to be enacted by the Sangha; legal
of bodily action. questions concerning obligations;
duties.
កាយវិញ្ញត្តិ (Kàyaviññatti) bodily intima- កិ រិយាចិត្ត (Kiriyàcitta) functional
tion; bodily expression.
conscious-ness; inoperative
កាយវិញា្ញណ (Kàyaviññàäa) body-con- consciousness.
sciousness; consciousness by means កិេលស (Kilesa) defilements; impurities;
of touch.
impairments.
កាយវិេវក (Kàyaviveka) seclusion of the កិេលសកាម (Kilesakàma) sensuality as
body.
defilement; subjective sensuality;
កាយសង្ខារ (Kàyasaækhàra) bodily
desire; lust.
forma-tion, i.e. in-breath and out- កឹករណីេយសុ ទក្ខតា (Kiækaraäìyesu
breath.
dakkha-tà) the willingness to give a
កាយសម្ផស្ស (Kàyasamphassa) bodily helping hand.
contact; bodily touch. កុក្កុច្ច (Kukkucca)remorse; brooding;
កាយសុច រិត (Kàyasucarita) good conduct confusion; repentance; worry.
in action; good conduct by the body; កុង្សី (Guäassàmì*) a title unoffi-
bodily good conduct.
cially used in speaking to or of a
កាយានុបស្សនា (Kàyànupassanà) the con- monk of a higher rank; “Chao Khun”;
templation of the body; mindfulness “The Right Venerable”. េមីល
as regards the body.
្រពះរាជាគណៈ
កាយិកទុក្ខ (Kàyikadukkha) physical
កុដិ (Kuåì) an abode of a Buddhist
pain; bodily pain; physical suffering.
monk or novice; a monk’s cell; a
កាយិកសុខ (Kàyikasukha) physical monk’s lodging; dormitory; living
happi-ness; bodily happiness. quarters of monks.
ុ (Kàlaññutà) the quality of one
កាលញ្ញតា កុលុបកៈ (Kulupaka) a family-
who knows the proper time; knowing frequenter; family-friend monk;
the proper time; knowledge of how to family mentor.
choose and keep time.

3
កុសល (Kusala) adj. wholesome; merito- េកាសៈ (Kosa*) mortuary urn; funeral
rious; moral; skilful; kammically urn.
wholesome. n .merit; good action; េកាសជ្ជៈ (Kosajja) idleness; indolence;
virtue; the good; wholesome action. sloth.
កុសលកម្ម (Kusalakamma) wholesome កំេណីត េមីល េយានិ
or meritorious action; right conduct. (Àràmika; Àràmika-kumàra;
េក្មងវត្ត
កុសលកម្មបថ (Kusalakammapatha) the Daharàràmika; Kappiyakàraka)
ten-fold way of good action; the temple boy. េមីល សិស្សវត្ត
tenfold wholesome course of action.
្រកសួងធម្មការ (Sàsanàdhikàra*)
កុសលចិត្ត (Kusalacitta) meritorious
Department of Religious Affairs.
thought; moral or wholesome
consciousness. ្រកាបវន្ទា (Abhivàda) to bow to the
កុសលេចតនា (Kusalacetanà) right or ground; to pay respect by making the
five-point prostration; to prostrate.
whole-some volition; good intention.
កុសលមូល (Kusalamùla) (the three) roots ្រកាលកឋិន េមីល កឋិន
of good; root of good action; ្រកាល្រគង (Attharati) v. to spread;

kammically wholesome root; the stretch; lay out; carry out (the kaåhina
wholesome roots. robe-making ceremony).
កុសលវិតក្ក (Kusalavitakka) wholesome េ្រកាកទទួល , ការ (Paccuggamana)
thought. rising to receive.
កុហនា (Kuhanà) deceit; fraud; ក្លស (Mahàchatta, Dussakuåikà) a
hypocrisy; trickery. sun-shade; an umbrella-like tent.
េកីតថ្មី េមីល ជាតិេ្រកាយ ក្ស្រត (Khattiya) 1. a man of the warrior
េកតុមាលា (Ketumàlà) garland of rays caste; the warrior-ruler; nobles. 2. a
king.
round the Buddha’s head; the halo.
េកាធៈ , េ្រកាធ (Kodha) anger; furious
or wrathful passion.

ខ
ខណៈចិត្ត (Cittakkhaäa) a thought- ខន្តី (Khanti) patience; forbearance;
moment. tolerance; endurance; firmness;
ខណិកសមាធិ (Khaäikasamàdhi) fortitude.
momentary concentration. ខន្ធ (Khandha) aggregate; category.
ខណិកាបីតិ (Khaäikàpìti) momentary ខន្ធ្របាំ េមីល បញ្ចក្ខន្ធ
joy; instantaneous joy. ខមា (Khamà) patience; tolerance;
4
 pardon. of the Pali Canon”; name of the fifth
ខមាេទាស , ការសុំ (Khamàpana) asking of the five main divisions of the Sutta
for pardon. Piåaka.
ខាងេខ្នីត (Juäha-pakkha, Sukka-~) the ខុទ្ទកបាឋ (Khuddakapàåha) “Shorter
waxing moon. Texts”; the “Text of Small Passages”;
ខាងរេនាច (Kaäha-pakkha, Kàëa-~) the name of the first division of the
Khuddaka Nikàya.
waning moon.
ខាទនីយៈ (Khàdanìya) hard or solid
ខុទ្ទកាបីតិ (Khuddakàpìti) slight sense of
interest; lesser thrill.
food.
ខីណា្រសព (Khìäàsava) an Arahant; the
ែខ្សចំណង (Parittasutta*) sacred thread;
sacred cord.
cankerfree one; one whose mind is
free from mental obsessions.
ខុទ្ទកនិកាយ (Khuddakanikàya) “Smaller
Collection”; the “Minor Anthologies

គ
គណៈ (Gaäa) group; denomination; Saægha.
monastery section. គតិ (Gati) (the five) courses of
គណៈកម្មការកិចកា
្ច រសាធារណៈ existence; destiny; destination.
(Sàdhàraäakàrà-dhikàra*) Board of គន្ថធរុ ៈ (Ganthadhura) the burden of
Public Works. studying the Scriptures; the burden of
គណៈកម្មការ្រគប់្រគង្រពះសង្ឃ the books.
(Saæghapàlanà-dhikàra*) Board of គន្ធ (Gandha) odour; odorous object;
Eccl. Admini-stration. smell.
គណៈកម្មការផ្សព្វផ្សាយ្រពះធម៌ គន្ធព (Gandhabba) 1. a heavenly musi-
(Dhammapakàsa-nàdhikàra*) Board cian. 2. a being ready to take a new
of Propagation. existence.
គណៈកម្មការសិក្សា (Sàsanasikkhàdhikàra*) គម្ពីរ (Gantha, Potthaka, Pakaraäa) (T.) a
Board of Education. scripture; text; canon; religious book.
គណបូរកៈ (Gaäapùraka) one who គរុកម្ម (Garukakamma) Weighty
completes the quorum; quorum- Action; kamma of serious or strong
completing monk. effect.
គណៈសង្ឃ (Saægha) the monastic order; គរុដ្ឋានីយបុគ្គល (Garuååhànìyapuggala) a
the Church, especially the Buddhist respectable person.
monastic order; the Order; the គរុធម៌ (Garudhamma) (the eight) strict
5
 conditions or chief rules to be
observed by the Buddhist nun
throughout her life.
គហិបដិបត្តិ (Gihipaåipatti*) practices for
the layman; code of morality for the
laity.
គាថា (Gàthà) 1. a verse; stanza of 4
half-lines. 2. (K.) a magic spell.
គាមវាសី (Gàmavàsì) (K.) a town-monk.
គារវៈ (Gàrava) respect; reverence;
esteem; attention; appreciative action.
គិលានបច្ច័យ (Gilànapaccaya) support for
the sick; requisites for the sick;
medicine.
គិលានេភសជ្ជ (Gilànabhesajja) drug;
medicine.
គុណ (Guäa) 1. quality; property. 2.
good quality; virtue; merit. 3. (K.)
help; aid; benefit; support; favour.
គុណធម៌ (Guäadhamma) goodness;
virtue.
គុណពិេសស , គុណ វិេសស (Visesa)
unusual virtue; extraordinary state;
specific attainment.
េគាចរ (Gocara) 1. field or sphere of
ឃ
ឃនសញា្ញ (Ghanasaññà) perception of
compactness; the idea of
massiveness.
ឃរាវាស (Gharàvàsa) 1. the household
life. 2. (K.) a householder; layman; the
laity.
ឃរាវាសធម៌ (Gharàvàsa-dhamma)
virtues for a good household life;
6
sense perception; a sense-object. 2. a
suitable  place; resort for alms; alms
resort.
េគាចរគាម (Gocaragàma) a village
where a monk goes for alms or
obtains his food; alms-resort village.
េគាតម (Gotama) name of the clan to 
which the Buddha belonged.
េគា្រត (Gotta) clan; ancestry; lineage.
្រគង (Ekaçsaç) v. to arrange the upper
robe over one shoulder (the left one).
្រគងចីវរ (Nivàseti, Pàrupati) v. to don;
wear; put on (the yellow robe).
្រគបបា្រត (Pattapidhàna) lid or cover for
an alms-bowl; alms-bowl lid.
្រគហស្ថ (Gahaååha) a householder;
layman; the laity.
្រគូស្រូ ត (Upasampadàcariya,
Kammavàcà-cariya +
Anusàvanàcariya) the two monks
who chant the formal words of an act
(especially, of ordination); Act-
Announcer; Ordination-Teacher.
rules of household conduct; qualities
of a good layman.
ឃានៈ (Ghàna) the nose.
ឃានទ្វារ (Ghànadvàra) nose-door; nose-
avenue.
ឃានវិញា្ញណ (Ghànaviññàäa) nose-
consciousness.
េឃាសប្បមាណិកា (Ghosappamàäikà)
 those who measure or judge by voice; voice or good repute; those attached
those whose faith depends on sweet to voice.

ង
េងឿងឆ្ងល់ (muååhassati) confused; េងឿងឆ្ងល់ , េសចក្តី (sammosa)
muddled; deranged. confusion; falling into oblivion.

ច
ចក្ខុ (Cakkhu) the eye. composed.
ចក្ខុទ្វារ (Cakkhudvàra) the eye-door; ចតុបច្ចយ័ (Catupaccaya) េមីល បច្ច័យ
eye-avenue. ចតុព្វិធពរ (Catubbidhavara*) the
ចក្ខុ វិញា្ញណ (Cakkhuviññàäa) eye-con- fourfold blessing; the four excellent
sciousness. things, viz., long life, beauty,
ច្រក , ច្រកធម៌ (Cakka) the set of four happiness and health.
virtues, being like the four wheels of
ចតុរា រិយសច្ច (Cattàri Ariyasaccàni) the
a carriage, constituting the means to Four Noble Truths; the Four Holy
prosperity; virtues wheeling to Truths.
prosperity. ចតុវគ្គ (Catuvagga) a chapter of four
ច្រកវាឡ (Cakkavàøa) a world-circle; monks.
solarsystem; universe. ចន្ទគតិ (Candagati*) the system of a
ចង្កូមែកវ េមីល ទាឋធាតុ lunar calendar.
ច្រង្កម (Caækama) walking up and ចេ្រមីន្រពះពុទម្ធ ន្ត (Parittabhaäana) (K.)

down; a terraced walk. v. to walk up (used for auspicious ceremonies) to

and down. chant holy stanzas.
ចង្វាក់សូ្រតធម៌ (Vatta, Bhàäassara*) ចរណៈ (Caraäa) behaviour; conduct;
mode of chanting. good conduct.
ចណ្ឌ ាល (Caäðàla) an outcaste; the ចរិត (Carita) the intrinsic nature of a
untouchable. person; (the six types of)
ចតុត្ថជ្ឈាន (Catutthajjhàna) the fourth characteristic behaviour; character;
temperament.
Jhàna; the fourth absorption.
ចតុធាតុវវតា្ថ ន (Catudhàtuvavatthàna)
ចរិយាបិដក (Cariyàpiåaka) “Modes of
Conduct”; name of the fifteenth
analysis of the four elements; division of the Khuddaka Nikàya.
determining of the elements;
contemplation on the four essential
ចរិយាវត្ត (Cariyàvatta*) 1. customs and
qualities of which the body is manners to be observed; duties

7
 concerned with conduct. 2. conduct
and duties; moral conduct and the
performance of duties.
ចាគៈ (Càga) 1. charity; generosity;
sacrifice; self-denial; liberality;
munificence; benefaction.
abandoning; giving up; renunciation.
ចាគសម្បទា (Càgasampadà) achievement
of charity.
ចាគានុស្សតិ (Càgànussati) reflection on
generosity; recollection of liberality.
ចាតុទ្ទសី (Càtuddasì) the 14th day of a
fortnight.
ចាតុម្មហារាជិកា (Càtummahàràjikà) the
Four Guardian Deities; the realm of
the Four Great Kings.
ិ ត (Càturaægasannipàta) the
ចាតុរង្គសន្នបា
Great Assembly of Disciples marked
by the union of four factors.
ចាន្រសាក់ (Bhattahàrikà*) food carrier;
tiffin carrier.
ចារិក (Càrika) 1. a traveller; wanderer;
way-farer. 2. a wandering place. 3. a
journey; wandering. 4. (T,) v. to
wander; go on a journey.
ចារឹក (Likhati) v. to inscribe; incise;
engrave.
ចិតកាដ្ឋាន (Citakà) a funeral pile;
cremato-rium; pyre; crematory;
catafalque.
ចិត១្ត (Citta) thought; mind; a state of
consciousness.
ចិត២្ត (Citta) thought; thoughtfulness;
active thought.
ចិត្តនិយាម (Cittaniyàma) psychic order;
psychic law; order of mind.
ចិត្ត វិសុទ្ធិ (Cittavisuddhi) purity of mind;
purification of consciousness.
ចិត្តសង្ខារ (Cittasaækhàra) mental forma-
tion; mental function, i.e. perception
and feeling.
2.
ចិតា្តនុបស្សនា (Cittànupassanà) the
contem-plation of mind;
contemplation of various states of
mind; mindfulness as regards mental
states.
ចិត្តុប្បាទ (Cittuppàda) the rise of a 
thought; thought; intention.
ចិន្តមយបញា្ញ (Cintamayapaññà) under-
standing through reasoning; wisdom
resulting from reflection.
ចីវរ (Cìvara) 1. the yellow robe (of a
Buddhist monk or novice); any of the
three garments of the monk. 2. (K.) the
upper or inner robe.
ចីវរអធិដ្ឋាន (Adhiååhitacìvara) the
deter-mined robes; the three robes
determined for regular personal use.
ចុតិ (Cuti) shifting (out of one
existence to another); decease; the
final thought-moment of a particular
life; death.
ចុតិចិត្ត (Cuticitta) death-consciousness;
dying or death-consciousness; the
consciousness disconnecting the
present life.
ចុតិ វិញា្ញណ (Cutiviññàäa) េមីល ចុតិចិត្ត
ចុតូបបាតញា្ញ ណ (Cutùpapàtañàäa) the
know-ledge of the decease and
rebirth of beings; the clairvoyant
supernormal vision dealing with the
death and rebirth of beings; the
8
 perception of the appearing and េចេតាបរិយញា្ញ ណ (Cetopariyañàäa) know-
disappearing of various beings ledge of others’ thoughts; telepathy.
according to the consequences of េចេតាវិមុត្តិ (Cetovimutti) deliverance of
their past deeds.
mind.
ចុល្លវគ្គ (Cullavagga) “Smaller Section”; េចាទក (Codaka) reprover; accuser;
name of a book of the Vinaya Piåaka.
plaintiff.
ចូលវស្សា េមីល ៃថ្ងចូលវស្សា េចាទនា (Codanà) reproof; charge; accu-
េចតនា (Cetanà) volition; will;
sation; plaint.
intention. េចៅអធិការ (Vihàràdhipati*,
េចតភូត (Attà, Jìva) soul; the self;
Adhikàrapati*) the abbot who is an
àtman. Ecclesiastical Sub-District Chief as
េចតសិក (Cetasika) mental well.
concomitants; mental factors; mental េចៅអាវាស (Vihàrapati*) the abbot.
states; mental activities; the adjuncts ចាំវស្សា , ការ (Vassàvàsa) Vassa-
of conscious-ness; mental adjuncts;
mental coefficients. residence; the rains-retreat; rains-
residence; keeping the Buddhist Lent;
េចតសិកទុក្ខ (Cetasikadukkha) mental keeping the rainy season; welling
pain. permanently at a suitable place
េចតសិកសុខ (Cetasikasukha) mental throughout the three months of the
happi-ness. rainy season.
េចតិយ (Cetiya) 1. a person, place  or ្រចូចទឹក (Dakkhiäodakapàtana) v.
object worthy of worship; reminder. pouring the water of dedication (to
2. (K.) a sepulchral monument; transfer merit to other beings).
pagoda; shrine; dagoba; bell-shaped
stupa (with a slender spire); tapering-
spired stupa; Phra Chedi.

ឆ
ឆកាមាវចរសួគ៌ for truth and understanding. 2.
(Chakàmàvacaradevaloka) the six consent; declaration of consent to an
heavens of sensual pleasures. official act by an absentee; proxy
ឆ័្រត (Chatta) royal canopy; sunshade; vote.
parasol.
ឆន្ទ (Chanda) metrics; prosody; a
ឆន្ទៈ (Chanda) 1. will; aspiration; the metre; metrical composition.
will to do; resolve; zeal; desire;
ឆន្ទាគតិ (Chandàgati) the wrong way of
impulse; wish; loving interest; desire behaviour consisting in predilection;

9
 prejudice caused by love; partiality.
ឆព្វណ្ណរង្សី (Chabbaääaraçsì)
the ray of
six colours.
ឆឡភិញា្ញ (Chaøabhiññà) the sixfold
super-normal knowledge; the six
psychic powers.
ឆាកសំពត់ េមីល បង្សុកូល
ជ
ជដិល (Jaåila) a class of ascetics with
matted hair, usually worshipping fire,
sometimes classed under Isi; matted-
hair ascetic.
ជនកម្ម (Janakakamma) reproductive
kamma; regenerative kamma.
ជម្ពូទប្វី (Jambùdìpa) the continent of the
roseapples, i.e. India.
ជយមង្គលគាថា (Jayamaægalagàthà)
stanzas for the blessing or glory of
victory.
ជរា (Jarà) old age; decay.
ជលាពុជៈ (Jalàbuja) womb-born
creatures; those born from the
womb; the viviparous.
ជវន (Javana) impulsion; apperception;
impulsive moment; a phase or stage
of the process of consciousness at
which there is full perception and at
which kamma is performed, usually
lasting for seven thought-moments.
ជាគរិយានុេយាគ (Jàgariyànuyoga)
practice of watchfulness; avoidance
of sleep; wakefulness.
ជាតក (Jàtaka) 1. a birth story; the
stories of the Buddha’s previous
10
ឆាន់ (Bhuñjati) v. (of a monk or
novice) to eat; take food.
ឆាយា (Chàyà) 1. (K.) the Pali monastic
name of a Buddhist monk; ordina-
tion-name. 2. shade; shadow.
ឆ្លង (Mahakamma) celebration. v. to
celebrate.
lives. 2. “Birth Stories”; name of the
tenth division of the Khuddaka
Nikàya.
ជាតិ (Jàti) birth; rebirth.
ជាតិេ្រកាយ (Paraloka, punabbhava)
rebirth; reexistence;future life.
ជាតិមុន (Atìtabhava) a previous birth;
former life.
ជិនៈ (Jina) 1. the conqueror; the victor;
the Buddha. 2. Jain; Jaina.
ជិនបុ្រត , ជិេនារស (Jinaputta, Jinorasa)
a disciple of the Buddha.
ជិ វា្ហ (Jivhà) the tongue.
ជិ វា្ហទ្វារ (Jivhàdvàra) tongue-door; tong-
ueavenue.
ជី (Muäðakaupàsikà*) a shaven-
headed female devotee who wears
white robes and observes five or
eight precepts; white-robed female
lay follower.
ជី វិត (Jìvita) life; vitality.
ជី វិតិ្រន្ទីយ៍ (Jìvitindriya) vitality; life-
prin-ciple;psychic life; the faculty of
life.
ជី វា្ហវិញា្ញណ (Jivhàviññàäa) tongue-cons-
ciousness.
ជុក (Moli) topknot (of hair on the
crown of the head).
េជីងថ្ករ េមីល ចិត កាដ្ឋាន
េជីងេទៀន (Sitthadìpàdhàra*)
candlestick.
េជីងបា្រត (Pattàdhàraka) bowl-support;
ឈ
ឈាន (Jhàna) meditation; absorption;
a state of serene contemplation
attained by meditation; (mis.) trance;
ecstasy.
ញ
ញត្តិ , ញតិ (Ñatti) a motion.
ញាណ (Ñàäa) knowledge; real knowledge;
wisdom; insight.
ញាណទស្សនៈ (Ñàäadassana) knowing
and seeing; perfect knowledge; all-
com-prising knowledge; a vision of
truth; insight; vision through wisdom.
ញាណទស្សនវិសទុ ្ធ (Ñàäadassana-visuddhi)
purity of knowledge and vision;
purity of vision regarding intuitive
wisdom; purification by knowledge
and vision.
ញាតិ (Ñàti) a kinsman; relative.
ញាតិពលី (Ñàtibali) offering to kinsfolk;
the helping of one’s relatives.
ញាតិសេ្រង្គាះ (Ñàtisaægaha) good
ដ
ដាក់បា្រត (Piäðadàna) v. to offer food
to the monks on their almsround.
11
bowlstand.
េជីងពាន (ratanaghara*) back plate
ជ្វា (Kaääikà, Kùåapilandhana*)  the
curved finial (of a gable); gable-
finial; (elongated ornate) gable spire.
ឈាបនកិច្ច (Jhàpanakicca) cremation.
ឈាបនដ្ឋាន (Jhàpanaååhàna)
crematorium.
treatment towards kinsmen; the
helping of one’s relatives.
ញាតិសាេលាហិត (Ñàtisàlohita) relations
and blood relations.
ញាយ្យ , ញាយ្យធម៌ (Ñàya) right path;
right method; the Noble Path; truth;
Nibbàna.
េញយ្យធម៌ (Ñeyyadhamma) anything
that should be learnt or understood;
the knowable.
េញាម (Posì) appellation used by a
monk for his parents or his patron or
supporter.
ដាក់សពំ ត់ [ បង្សុកូល ]
(Paçsukùlacìvaranik-khipana) (K.) v.
 to lay a robe (as an offering to a
monk at a funeral or memorial
ceremony); lay down a funeral robe.
ដាក់អាយុសង្ខារ (Àyusaækhàra-vossajjana)
to relinquish the vital force; the
Buddha’s announcement of his
coming death.
ដីកា (Åìkà) 1. a sub-commentary. 2. (K.)
a letter of invitation or invitation card
to a monk. 3. (K.) written request for
donation. 4. (K.) petition; appeal.
ដុំថ្មនមិ ិត្តសីមា (Sìmànimittùparisilàpaååa)
boundarymarking slab (usually made
of stone and erected over a buried
boundary-marking stone to show its
place). េមីល លូកនិមិត្ត

ឋ
ឋាន (Åhàna*) pedestal (as of a entourage.
Buddha image). ឋានានុសក្កិ (Åhànànusatti) the authority
ឋានានុ្រកម (Åhànànukkama*) the based on one’s rank or dignity.
ecclesia-stical order of retinue; ឋិតិ , ឋីតិ (Åhiti, Åhìti) duration; static
assistants or staff members;  moment; the moment of standing.

ត
តចបញ្ចកកម្មដា្ឋ ន (Tacapañcaka- the Thus-gone; the Truthwinner; an
kammaååhà-na) the “skin pentad” of epithet of the Buddha. 2. an Arahant.
meditation subjects; the subject for 3. a being.
meditation comprising the five តទង្គប្បហានៈ (Tadaægapahàna)
constituents ending with the skin (the abandoning by substitution of
four others being hair, body hair, opposites.
nails and teeth) តទង្គ វិមតុ ្តិ (Tadaægavimutti)
deliverance
តជ្ជនីយកម្ម (Tajjanìyakamma) the formal by substitution of opposites.
act of censure. តបៈ (Tapa) 1. religious austerity;
តណ្ហ ា (Taähà) craving; desire; thirst. penan-ce. 2. exertion; mental
តតិយជ្ឈាន (Tatiyajjhàna) the third devotion; ascetic practice.
Jhàna; the third absorption. តស្សបាបិយសិកា (Tassapàpiyasikà)
ត្រតមជ្ឈត្តតា (Tatramajjhattatà) inflicting a penalty on one who is at
equanimity; equipoise; mental fault; decision for specific depravity.
balance. តាបស (Tàpasa) a hermit; ascetic.
តថាគត (Tathàgata) the 1. តាលបត្ត (Tàlapatta) a palm leaf. (K.) a
Accomplished One; the Thus-come; fan made of palm-leaves, with a long

12
 handle, used by a monk in
ceremonies; ceremonial fan. េមីល ផ្លិត
ដំែណង
តាវត្តិង្ស , តាវត្តឹស (Tàvatiçsà) the realm
(or heaven) of the Thirty-three Gods;
name of the second heavenly abode,
of which Sakka is the king.
តិណវតា្ថ រកវិនយ
័ (Tiäavatthàrakavinaya)
pro-cedure for covering over (as)
with grass, (a reconciliation of both
parties without need for clearing up
the rights and wrongs).
តិរចា្ឆ ន , កំេណីត េមីល
តិរចា្ឆ នេយានិ
តិរចា្ឆ នកថា (Tiracchànakathà) a variety
of worldly talk; childish talk; aimless
talk.
តិរចា្ឆ នេយានិ (Tiracchànayoni) the
animal kingdom; the realm of the
brute creation.
តិរចា្ឆ នវិជ្ជា (Tiracchànavijjà) a low art;
pseudosciences; any study tending to
be an obstacle on the way to
Nibbàna.
តិ រិយ្ថ (Titthiya) an adherent of another
religion; heretical teacher.
តិសរណគមនូបសម្បទា (Tisaraäagamanùpa-
sampadà) ordination by taking the
Threefold Refuge.
តុេរៀបេ្រគឿងសកា្ក រៈ (Pùjanapìåha*) a set of
altar tables.
តុសិត (Tusità) the realm of delight; the
delightful realm; the heaven of the
satisfied gods;  name of the fourth
heavenly abode, of which Santusita is
the king.
13
េតេជាកសិណ (Tejokasiäa) fire-
contempla-tion; fire as a meditational
device.
េតេជាធាតុ (Tejodhàtu) fire-element; the
element of heat; heat.
េតវាចិក (Tevàcika) lit. pronouncing
three words or three times; especially
one who pronounces the threefold
formula of refuge, the first being
Yasa’s father.
្រតាស់ដឹង (Bodhi) Enlightenment. v. to
be enlightened; attain enlightenment.
ៃ្រតចីវរ (Ticìvara) the three robes of a
Bhikkhu, consisting of the under, the
upper and the outer robes; Triple
Robe.
ៃ្រតទ្វារ (Tidvàra) the three doors or
avenues of action: body, speech, and
mind.
ៃ្រតបិដក (Tepiåaka) lit. the Three
Baskets; the Tipiåaka; the three
divisions of the Buddhist Canon, viz.,
Vinaya, Sutta and Abhidhamma,
generally known as the Pali Canon.
ៃ្រតភព , ៃ្រតភូមិ (Tibhava, Tebhùmi)
the Three Spheres, viz., the Sense
Sphere, the Form Sphere and the
Formless Sphere; three realms; three
worlds; three planes of existence.
ៃ្រតមាស , ្រតីមាស (Temàsa) three
months, especially those of the rainy
season.
ៃ្រតរតន៍ (Ratanattaya) the Three Jewels;
the Three Gems; Triple Gem. េមីល
រតន្រត័យ
ៃ្រតលក្ខណៈ (Tilakkhaäa) the Three
 Charac-teristics; the Three Signs of
Being; also called the Common
Characteristics. េមីល សាមញ្ញលក្ខណៈ
ៃ្រតេលាក (Tiloka) the three worlds. េមីល
ៃ្រតភព
ៃ្រតេវទ (Tiveda) lit. the three
knowledges; the three Vedas; the
three divisions of the Brahmanic
canon of authorized religious
teaching and practice, viz., Irubbeda,
Yajubbeda and Sàmaveda, to which
the fourth, Athabbana, was added
later.
ៃ្រតសរណៈ (Tisaraäa) the Threefold
ថ
ថង់យាម (Thavikà) a small bag in
which the monk carries things; a
monk’s bag; satchel.
ថម្ភ (Thambha) obstinacy; immobility;
hardness; obduracy.
ថីនៈ (Thìna) sloth; unwieldiness;
impliability; morbid state of mind.
ថីនមិទ្ធ (Thìnamiddha) sloth and torpor;
sloth and drowsiness; torpor and
languor; stolidity and drowsiness.
ថុល្លច្ច័យ (Thullaccaya) a grave offence;
Serious Transgression.
ថូបារហបុគ្គល (Thùpàrahapuggala)
persons worthy of a tope; those
whose relics should be enshrined.
ថូផ្កា (pupphàdhàna*) a vase.
េថនៈ (Thena) a thief; (K.) unbecoming
religious; shameless monk.
េថយ្យចិត្ត (Theyyacitta) intention to
14
Refuge; Three Refuges; Triple
Guide.
ៃ្រតសរណគមន៍ (Tisaraäagamana) taking
the Threefold Refuge; going to the
Buddha, the Dhamma, and the
Sangha for refuge.
ៃ្រតសិកា្ខ (Sikkhàttaya) the Threefold
Learning; the Threefold Training; the
Three Studies: morality, concen-
tration and wisdom, (preferably,
training in higher morality, in higher
mentality, and in higher wisdom).
steal.
េថយ្យេចតនា (Theyyacetanà) intention to
steal.
េថយ្យសំវាស (Theyyasaçvàsa) living
clandestinely with the monks;
disguising oneself as a monk;
communion by theft.
េថរៈ (Thera) an elder; a senior member
of the Order; a senior monk (of at
least ten years’ standing).
េថរគាថា (Theragàthà) “Psalms of the
Brethren”; “Verses of the Elders”;
name of the eighth division of the
Khuddaka Nikàya.
េថរវាទ (Theravàda) the Doctrine of the
Elders; Teaching of the Elders; the
Southern School of Buddhism.
េថរានុេថរៈ (Therànuthera) senior monks
in general.
េថរី (Therì) a woman elder; senior nun.
េថរីគាថា (Therìgàthà) “Psalms of the
Sisters”; “Verses of the Women
Elders”; name of the ninth division of
the Khuddaka Nikàya.
ៃថ្ងេការ (Kesoropaäadivasa*) Shaving
Day; the eve of a Buddhist holy day.
ៃថ្ងចូលវស្សា (Vassùpanàyikàdivasa) the
first day of the rains-retreat;
beginning of the rains-residence;
Rains-Entry Day.
ៃថ្ងេចញវស្សា (Pavàraäàdivasa) the last
day of the rains-residence; end of the
rains-retreat; Retreat-Ending Day.
ៃថ្ងបវារណា (Pavàraäàdivasa) the last day
of the rains-residence, on which the
Pavàraäà ceremony is performed;
Pavàraäà Day.
ៃថ្ងេពញបូរណ៍ (Puääamìdivasa) the full-
moon day.
ៃថ្ងឧេបាសថ១ (Uposathadivasa) the
Buddhist holy day; Buddhist
Sabbath; day of merit-making;
observance day.
ៃថ្ងឧេបាសថ២ (Uposathadivasa) 1. េមីល ៃថ្ង
ឧេបាសថ១ 2. observance day; the day
on which the Fundamental Rules of
the Buddhist monks are recited.
ថ្វាយ (Deti) v. to offer, give or present
(to a monk or a prince).
ថ្វាយ្រពះេភ្លីង (Sarìrajjhàpana) the
cremation ceremony.

ទ
ិ ា (Dakkhiäà)
ទក្ខណ a gift; donation; ទក្សិណនិកាយ (Dakkhiäanikàya) the
dedicatory gift; an intercessional Southern School of Buddhism, i.e.
expiatory  offering; donation given to the Theravàda.
a holy person with reference to un- ទណ្ឌ កម្ម (Daäðakamma) punishment;
happy beings in the Peta existence, penalty.
intended for the alleviation of their ទធិ (Dadhi) curd; sour milk.
sufferings.
ទក្ខណ
ិ ានុប្បទាន (Dakkhiäànuppadàna*) ទមៈ (Dama) self-command; self-
offering made to a monk or monks on control; taming; subjugation;
behalf of the dead. training; mastery; adjustment.
ិ ាវដ្ដ (Dakkhiäàvaååa) winding to
ទក្ខណ ទសជាតិ (Dasajàti) the ten longest birth-
the right; clockwise. stories of the Buddha, regarded as the
most important.
ទក្ខេិ ណយ្យបុគ្គល (Dakkhiäeyyapuggala)
ទសបារមី (Dasapàramì) the ten
an individual deserving a donation;
one worthy of a donation. perfections; the ten principal virtues
practised by a Bodhisatta.
ទក្ខេិ ណាទក (Dakkhiäodaka) water of ទសពរ (Dasavara) the ten blessings; ten
dedication; consecrated water.

15
 boons.
ទសពល (Dasabala) 1. the Ten Powers of
the Buddha. 2. one who is endowed
with ten supernormal powers, i.e. the
Buddha.
ទសពលញា្ញ ណ (Dasabalañàäa) the ten
supreme intellectual powers of the
Buddha.
ទសពិធរាជធម៌ (Dasaràjadhamma) the
ten-fold code of the king; the tenfold
virtue or duty of the king; the ten
royal virtues; virtues of a ruler.
ទស្សនៈ (Dassana) 1. seeing; sight;
intuition. 2. view; opinion; theory.
ទឡ្ហីកម្ម (Daøhìkamma) making firm;
strengthening by repeating, as re-
ordination.
ទាឋធាតុ (Dàåhadhàtu) the tooth relic (of
the Buddha).
ទាន (Dàna) giving; gift; alms-giving;
charity; generosity; benevolence;
liberality; a gift; donation; alms;
benefaction.
ទានបតី (Dànapati) 1. lord of alms;
master in liberality. 2. one in charge
of alms-giving; chief donor.
ទានមយៈ (Dànamaya) (merit) gained
through, or connected with, alms-
giving; the way of making merit,
consisting in alms-giving or charity.
ទាយក (Dàyaka) almsgiver; donor;
benefactor; the lay supporter of
Bhikkhus; lay giver; lay supporter.
ទាយិកា (Dàyikà) a female donor.
ទិដធ្ឋ ម៌ (Diååhadhamma) the visible
order of things; present condition;
16
this world; the present life;
temporality.
ទិដធ្ឋ ម្មេវទនីយកម្ម
(Diååhadhammavedanìya-kamma)
immediately effective kamma;
kamma ripening during the life-time.
ទិដធ្ឋ ម្មិកត្ថ (Diååhadhammikattha) gain
for this life; present benefit; temporal
welfare; sources of happiness in the
present life.
ទិដ្ឋា វិកម្ម (Diååhàvikamma) an open
state-ment of one’s view; explanation
of views; view clarification.
ទិដ្ឋិ (Diååhi) 1. a theory; view; belief;
opinion; speculation; dogma. 2.
misbelief; erroneous opinion; false
theory.
ទិដ្ឋិ វិសទុ ្ធិ (Diååhivisuddhi) purity of
under-standing; purification of view.
ទិដសា ្ឋិ មញ្ញតា (Diååhi-sàmaññatà) equality
in view; unity in view.
ទិដជ្ឋុ ុកម្ម (Diååhujukamma) straightening
of one’s own views.
ទិដបា ្ឋុ ទាន (Diååhupàdàna) clinging to
erro-neous opinions; attachment to
views.
ទិព្វ (Dibba) divine; heavenly; celestial.
ទិពច្វ ក្ខុ (Dibbacakkhu) divine eye;
heavenly eye; clairvoyance.
ទិពេ្វ សាត (Dibbasota) divine ear;
heavenly ear; clairaudience.
ទី (Saæghikavatthu) monastery
estate.
ទីឃនិកាយ (Dìghanikàya) the Collection
of Long Discourses; Dialogues of the
Buddha; name of the first main
 division of the Sutta Piåaka.
ទីធា្លវត្ត (Àràmavatthu, Vihàravatthu)
monastery compound.
ទីបំផតុ េមីល អន្តធម៌
ទីវត្ត (Kappanàvatthu*) monastic
revenue estate.
ទឹកេដាះខាប់ (Navanìta) fresh butter;
(accor-ding to some, ghee).
ទឹកេដាះថ្លា (Sappi) ghee; clarified butter.
ទឹកមន្ត (Parittodaka*) consecrated
water; blessing water; lustral water;
holy water.
ទុកដ្ក (Dukkaåa) an offence of
wrongdoing.
ទុក្ករកិ រិយា (Dukkarakiriyà) the practice
of austerities; self-mortification.
ទុក្ខ (Dukkha) 1. suffering; misery;
woe; pain; ill; sorrow; trouble;
discomfort; unsatisfactoriness;
problematic situa-tion; stress;
conflict. adj. unsatisfac-tory;
miserable; painful; subject to
suffering; ill; causing pain. 2. physical
or bodily pain; difficulty; unease; ill-
being.
ទុក្ខតា (Dukkhatà) the state of being
subject to suffering; painfulness;
stress; conflict.
ទុកន្ខ ិេរាធគាមិនីបដិបទា
(Dukkhanirodhagàmi-nìpaåipadà
Ariyasacca) the Noble Truth of the
Path that leads to the Cessation (or,
the Extinction) of Suffering.
ទុកន្ខ ិេរាធអរិយសច្ច (Dukkhanirodha Ariya-
sacca) the Noble Truth of the
Cessation of Suffering; the Noble
17
Truth of the Extinction of Suffering.
ទុកេ្ខ វទនា (Dukkhavedanà) painful
feeling.
ទុក្ខសមុទយអរិយសច្ច (Dukkhasamudaya
Ariya-sacca) the Noble Truth of the
Cause (or, the Origin) of Suffering;
the Noble Truth of the Condition of
the Arising of Suffering.
ទុក្ខអ រិយសច្ច (Dukkha Ariyasacca) the
Noble Truth of Suffering.
ទុគ្គតិ (Duggati) (the 3 or 4) States of
Unhappiness; woeful courses of
existence; evil states; woeful existen-
ces.
ទុច្ច រិត (Duccarita) bad conduct; wrong
action.
ទុតិយជ្ឈាន (Dutiyajjhàna) the second
Jhàna; the second absorption.
ទុពា្ភសិត (Dubbhàsita) an offence of
wrong speech.
ទុស្សីល (Dussìla) of bad conduct; void
of morality; immoral.
េទៀន (Sitthadìpa) a candle.
េទៀនវស្សា (Vassadìpa, Vassikapadìpa)
candle for the rains; Lenten candle.
េទព (Deva) lit. a shining one; god;
deity; divine being.
េទយ្យទាន (Deyyadàna) a gift fit to be
given; gift; donation.
េទយ្យធម៌ (Deyyadhamma) that which
has the quality of being given; gift;
offerings (to monks).
េទវតា (Devatà) a celestial or heavenly
being; deity.
េទវតានុស្សតិ (Devatànussati) recollection
 of heavenly beings; reflection on
deifying virtues as found in oneself.
េទវតាពលី (Devatàbali) an offering to
the deity.
េទវទូត (Devadùta) lit. gods’ messenger;
divine messenger; a symbolic name
for those things which remind man of
his future and rouse him to earnest
striving.
េទវធម៌ (Devadhamma) divine virtue;
the virtues that make divine, i.e.
moral shame and dread.
េទវរូប (Devarùpa*) an image of a deity;
idol.
េទវេលាក (Devaloka) world of gods;
heaven; celestial realm.
េទសកាល (Desakàla) a season for merit-
making and local festivals.
េទសនា (Desanà) preaching; discourse;
sermon; instruction. v. to preach;
expound the Doctrine; give a sermon.
េទសនាមហាជាតក (Mahàjàtakadesanà*)
(K.) “Great-Birth Sermon”; a sermon
on the great birth story of the
Bodhisatta Vessantara.
ធ
ធម៌ - េមីល ធម្ម -
ធម៌ វិន័យ (Dhammavinaya) Dhamma-
Vinaya; the Norm-Discipline; the
Doctrine and the Discipline.
ធម្ម , ធម៌ (Dhamma) 1. the Dharma;
the Dhamma; the Doctrine; the
Teachings (of the Buddha). 2. the
Law; nature. 3. the Truth; Ultimate
Reality. 4. the Supramundane,
18
េទាមនស្ស (Domanassa) a painful mental
feeling; (mental) displeasure; sad-
mindedness; grief.
េទាស (Dosa, Vajja, Àdìnava) fault;
blemish; defect; corruption;
depravity; disadvantage.
េទាសៈ (Dosa) hatred; anger; ill-will;
aversion.
េទាសចរិត (Dosacarita) the hateful; one
of hating temperament; a quick-
tempered person.
េទាសាគតិ (Dosàgati) wrong way of
behaviour consisting in hatred;
prejudice caused by hatred.
ទ្វារ (Dvàra) 1. door; avenue. 2. a sense-
door; sense-avenue. 3. door of action.
េទ្វវាចកៈ (Dvevàcika) lit. pronouncing
two words or two times; especially
those who pronounce the words,
taking only two refuges, viz., the
Buddha and the Dhamma, Tapussa
and Bhallika being the first ones.
especially Nibbàna. 5. quality;
righteousness; virtue; morality; good
conduct; right behaviour. 6. tradition;
practice; principle; norm; rule; duty.
7. justice; impartiality. 8. thing;
phenomenon. 9. a cognizable object;
mind-object; idea. 10. mental state;
mental factor; mental activities. 11.
condition; cause; causal antecedent.
ធម្មកថា (Dhammakathà) ethical discus-
sion; religious talk; talk on the
Dhamma; Dhammalecture.
ធម្មកថិក (Dhammakathika) one who
preaches the Doctrine; a preacher.
ធម្មកាមតា (Dhammakàmatà) the quality
of one who loves the Dhamma; love
of Truth.
ធម្មក្ខន្ធ (Dhammakkhandha) a portion
of the Dhamma; a main article of the
Doctrine; a textual unit; a category of
the Dhamma.
ធម្ម្រកក (Dhamakaraka) a filter; water-
strainer.
ធម្មគណ ុ (Dhammaguäa) virtue or
quality of the Dhamma.
ធម្មចក្កប្បវត្តនសូ្រត
(Dhammacakkappavatta-nasutta) the
discourse of setting in motion the
Wheel of the Doctrine; the Discourse
of the Foundation of the Kingdom of
Righteousness; the First Sermon.
ធម្មចក្ខុ (Dhammacakkhu) the Eye of
Truth; the Eye of Wisdom.
ធម្មច្រក (Dhammacakka) the Wheel of
the Doctrine; the Wheel of the Law;
the Wheel of Truth; the Kingdom of
Righteousness; the First Sermon.
ធម្មច រិយា (Dhammacariyà) observance
of righteousness; righteous conduct.
ធម្មចា រិកៈ (Dhammacàrika) wandering
Dhamma-preacher; spiritual-welfare
worker.
ធម្មេចតីយ៍ (Dhammacetiya) a shrine in
which sacred texts are housed; a
shrine of theDoctrine; doctrinal
19
monument.
ុ (Dhammaññutà) the quality of
ធម្មញ្ញតា
one who knows the Law; knowing
the cause or origin; knowing the
principles.
ធម្មតា (Dhammatà) general rule;
nature; the law of nature; cosmic law.
ធម្មទាន (Dhammadàna) the Gift of
Truth; gift of the Dhamma.
ធម្មទតូ (Dhammadùta*) Dhamma-
messen-ger; Buddhist field-preacher;
Buddhist missionary.
ធម្មេទសនា (Dhammadesanà)
expounding the Dhamma; preaching;
exposition of the Doctrine; a sermon.
ធម្មេទសនាមយៈ (Dhammadesanàmaya)
(merit) connected with, or to be
gained through, preaching; the way
of making merit consisting in moral
instruction.
ធម្មធរៈ (Dhammadhara) “Dhamma
bearer”; one versed in the Dhamma;
an expert in the Dhamma.
ធម្មធាតុ (Dhammadhàtu) 1. a mental
object. 2. the cosmic law.
ធម្មនិយាម (Dhammaniyàma) order of
the norm; law of the Dhamma;
certainty or orderliness of causes and
effects; general law of cause and
effect.
ធម្មបដិសម្ភិទា (Dhammapaåisambhidà)
Dis-crimination of the Law;
analytical knowledge of the Law;
discrimina-ting knowledge of
reasons, conditions or causal
relations.
ធម្មបទ (Dhammapada) 1. “Way of of the first book of the Abhidhamma
Truth”; “An Anthology of Sayings of Piåaka.
the Buddha”; name of the second ធម្មសភា (Dhammasabhà) the Hall of
division of the Khuddaka Nikàya. 2. a Truth; a hall for the discussion of the
line or stanza of the Doctrine; a word Dhamma; a place for religious
of the Doctrine; talk or discourse on meeting.
the Dhamma. ធម្មសវនៈ េមីល ធម្មស្សវនៈ
ធម្មប រិយាយ (Dhammapariyàya) disquisi- ធម្មសាកចា្ឆ (Dhammasàkacchà)
tion. discussion about the Doctrine;
ធម្មប្បមាណិកា (Dhammappamàäikà) religious discus-sion.
those who measure or judge by right- ធម្មសាលា (Dhammasàlà) preaching hall;
eousness; those whose faith depends study hall.
on the Dhamma or on righteous ធម្មេសនាបតី (Dhammasenàpati)
behaviour.
generalis-simo of the Dhamma;
ធម្មយុត្តិ , ធម្មយុត្តិកនិកាយ Commander in Chief of the Law; an
(Dhammayuttika-nikàya*) the epithet of the Venerable Sàriputta.
Dhammayutika Sect; “Law-Abiding ធម្មស្សវនៈ (Dhammassavana) hearing
Sect”; Smaller Sub-Order (of the
Khmer Monkhood); smaller the Dhamma; hearing the preaching
of the Dhamma; hearing a sermon;
denomination. េ្របៀបេធៀប មហានិកាយ
listening to the good teaching.
ធម្មវាទី (Dhammavàdì) one who speaks ធម្មស្សវនមយៈ (Dhammassavanamaya)
according to the Dhamma; speaker of (merit) connected with, or to be
the doctrine; speaker of the rightful gained through, hearing a sermon; the
things. way of making merit consisting in
ធម្ម វិច័យ (Dhammavicaya) investigation listening to the Dhamma.
of the Truth or the Doctrine; (K.) ធមា្ម ធម្មបដិបត្តិ
research on the Dhamma; search of
(Dhammànudhammapaåi-patti)
Truth.
practice in perfect conformity to the
ធម្ម វិជ័យ (Dhammavijaya) conquest by Dhamma.
piety; conquest by righteousness. ធមា្ម ធិដ្ឋាន (Dhammàdhiååhàna)
ធម្ម វិភាគ (Dhammavibhàga) exposition in terms of ideas; teaching
classification of dhammas; with reference to ideas.
enumeration of the Dhamma; ធមា្ម ធិបេតយ្យ (Dhammàdhipateyya)
Dhamma classification.
regard of the Dhamma (the Law or
ធម្មសង្គណី (Dhammasaægaäi) righteousness) as being supreme;
“Classifica-tion of Dhammas”; supremacy of the Dhamma; dominant
“Enumeration of Phenomena”; name

20
 influence by the Dhamma; rule of the ធាតុកថា (Dhàtukathà) “Discussion with
true law; rule of righteousness. reference to the Elements”; name of
ធមា្ម នុបស្សនា (Dhammànupassanà) the the third book of the Abhidhamma
Con-templation of Mind-object; Piåaka.
contem-plation of phenomena; ធាតុកម្មដ្ឋាន េមីល ចតុធាតុវវតា្ថ ន
mindfulness as regards the Dhamma. ធាតុេចតីយ៍ (Dhàtucetiya) a shrine over
ធមា្ម នុស្សតិ (Dhammànussati)
the Buddha’s relic; dagoba.
recollection of the Doctrine; ធាតុមនសិការ េមីល ចតុធាតុវវតា្ថ ន
reflection on the virtues of the
Dhamma. ធាតុវវតា្ថ ន េមីល ចតុធាតុវវតា្ថ ន
ធមា្ម ភិសម័យ (Dhammàbhisamaya) ធិតិ (Dhiti) energy; courage; steadfast-
under-standing of the Truth; ness; firm character; resolution;
conversion to the Dhamma; wisdom.
enlightenment. ធុតង្គ (Dhutaæga, Dhùtaæga)(the
ធមា្ម រម្មណ៍ (Dhammàrammaäa) a mind- thirteen) Austere Practices;
object;  cognizable object; cognos- constituents of ascetic practice to
cible object. remove defile-ments.
ធមា្ម សនៈ (Dhammàsana) the Dhamma- ធុរៈ (Dhura) burden; load; duty;
seat; a seat on which a monk sits charge; office; responsibility.
while preaching; pulpit. ធូប (Dhùpa) an incense-stick; joss-
ធម្មីកថា (Dhammìkathà) religious talk; stick.
discussion concerning the Doctrine; ុ ្យ (Puññakaraäa) merit-making;
េធ្វីបណ
Dhamma talk. performing meritorious action. v. to
ធាតុ (Dhàtu) 1. an element; natural make merit; do merit; do good;
condition; that which carries its own perform meritorious action.
characteristic mark. 2. a relic,
especially that of the Buddha or an
Arahant.

នក្ខតឫ្ត ក្ស (Nakkhattakìøana)
celebra-tion of a festival; festivity.
នច្ចគីតវាទិត វិសូកទស្សនៈ
(Naccagìtavàditavisù-kadassana)
dancing, singing, music, and
unseemly shows (or stage plays).
ន
the ~ វាទ (Natthikadiååhi) lit. the
នត្ថិកទិដ្ឋិ,
theory of nothingness; nihilism;
nihilistic view.
នមស្សការ (Namakkàra) salutation; the
act of paying homage; homage;
veneration; (K.) salutation with joined

21
 palms.
នមស្សការេពល្រពឹក (Pubbaäha-sajjhàya*,
Pàta-bhàäa*) morning chanting.
នមស្សការេពលលា្ង ច (Sàyaäha-sajjhàya*,
Sàya-bhàäa*) evening chanting.
នរក (Naraka, Niraya) abyss; hell;
purgatory. េមីល និរយៈ
នវកភិក្ខុ (Navakabhikkhu) a neophyte;
newly ordained monk (of less than 5
years’ standing).
នវកម្ម (Navakamma) building new;
construction; making repairs.
នាគ (Nàga) 1. a serpentlike water-god.
2. (K.) an applicant (or candidate) for
ordination; ordinand.
នាម (Nàma) mind; name; mental
factors; mentality.
នាមរូប (Nàmarùpa) Mind and Matter;
name and form; mind and body;
mentality and corporeality.
នាសនៈ , នាសនា (Nàsana, ~nà) causing
to perish; expulsion.
និកាយ (Nikàya) 1. a collection; group;
any of the five main divisions of the
Sutta Piåaka. 2. a sect; school;
denomination.
និេក្ខបបទ (Nikkhepapada) a verse or
words of summary; thesis; verse or
passage set up for detailed treatment
in a discourse; a saying quoted for
discoursing; discourse-opening verse.
និេក្ខបបទ (Nikkhepapada) topic; theme;
subject; subject matter; gist; point of
a discussion; query.
និគ្គហកម្ម (Niggahakamma) suppression;
22
punishment; censure; reproach;
rebuke; chastisement of a perverse
monk.
និ្រគន្ថ (Nigaäåha) lit. one who is freed
from all ties; a member of the Jain
Order; ascetic in Jainism.
និច្ចភត្ត (Niccabhatta) a continuous
foodsupply; monthly food allowance.
និច្ចសីល (Niccasìla) regular precepts;
uninterrupted observance of virtue;
the good conduct to be observed
uninterruptedly, i.e. the Five
Precepts.
និទាន (Nidàna) 1. source; cause; origin;
reference. 2. (K.) a story.
និទាន (Vaçsa) tradition; chronicle.
និេទ្ទស (Niddesa) 1. “Expositions”;
name of the eleventh division of the
Khuddaka Nikàya. 2. description;
analytic explanation.
និន្ទា (Nindà) blame; reproach; fault-
finding; calumny. v. to blame;
calumniate; speak ill of a person.
និពា្វន (Nibbàna) Nirvàäa; Nibbàna; the
extinction of the fires of greed, of
hatred and of ignorance; the
Unconditioned; the supreme goal of
Buddhism; the Summum Bonum of
Buddhism; the Final Goal; the
extinction of all defilements and
suffering.
និពទ្វិ ា (Nibbidà) dispassion; disinterest;
disenchantment.
និមន្ត (Nimanteti) v. to invite (monks),
especially for a collective action.
និមន្ត , ការ (Nimantana) invitation (for
 a monk). v. to invite (a monk). offence entailing expiation with
និមិត្ត (Nimitta) sign; omen; mark; forfeiture.
portent; cause; mental image; mental និស្ស័យ (Nissaya) 1. េមីល និស្សយ 2.
reflex; boundary marker. habit.
និមិត្តសីមា (Sìmà-nimitta, Nimitta) a និស្សយ (Nissaya)
that on which
boundary marker, boundary-marking anything depends; foundation; help;
stone. resource; support; protection;
និមា្មនរតី (Nimmànarati) the realm of the guidance; tutelage; dependence.
gods who rejoice in (their own) និស្សយកម្ម េមីល និយស្សកម្ម
creations; name of the fifth heavenly និស្សយមុត្តកៈ (Nissayamuttaka) lit.
abode of which Sunimmita is the released from dependence, or
king. independent of protection; a legally
និយស្សកម្ម (Niyasakamma, Niyassa~) independent monk; a monk who has
the formal act of subordination; completed five years of living in
giving guidance; causing (a monk) to dependence on the preceptor.
live (again) in dependence. និស្សរណវិមតុ ្តិ (Nissaraäavimutti) deliver-
និយាម (Niyàma) certainty; fixed ance by escaping from defilements;
method; regular order; the state of freedom by deliverance; Nibbàna.
certainty; the five orders of processes នីវរណៈ (Nìvaraäa) (the five)
which operate in the physical and hindrances; obstacles.
mental realms; natural and regular េនក្ខម្ម (Nekkhamma) renunciation;
orders governing all things; natural
giving up the world; escape from
law.
sensual-ity; absence of greed;
និរយៈ (Niraya) hell; woeful state. independence of sensual desire and
និរុតប្តិ ដិសម្ភទិ ា (Niruttipaåisambhidà) the pleasures; self-denial; self-
Discrimination of Language; know- abnegation.
ledge of dialects or philological េនក្ខម្ម វិតក្ក (Nekkhammavitakka)
analysis; analytical knowledge of the thought of renunciation; thought free
language (with regard to the true from selfish desire.
meaning and the Law). េនន េមីល សាមេណរ
និេរាធ (Nirodha) the Cessation or េនយ្យ (Neyya) one who is to be led or
Extinction of Suffering; cessation;
extinction. instructed; one requiring guidance; a
trainable or teachable person.
និវាតៈ (Nivàta) humbleness; humility; េនវសញា្ញ នាសញា្ញ យតនៈ
lowliness; gentleness.
(Nevasaññànàsaññà-yatana) the
និស្សគ្គយ ិ បាចិត្តិយ (Nissaggiyapàcittiya) an Realm of neither Perception nor Non-

23
 perception; the fourth immaterial
ប
បករណ៍ (Pakaraäa) a literary work;
book; canonical text; scripture.
បក្ខ (Pakkha) a fortnight; one half of
the lunar month; (lunar) half-month.
បង្កាន់ៃដ (Ratanapàkàra) consecrated
wall; a parapet (surrounding a sacred
building).
បង្គន់ (Vaccakuåì) the water closet;
toilet (for monks); privy.
បង្សុកូល (Paçsukùla) lit. soiled or
loathesome as dirt; like a dust
heap; discarded; disposed of;
unwanted. 1. rags from a dust heap;
a robe made of rags taken from dust-
bins; discarded cloth; rag-robe. 2. (K.)
a yellow robe dedicated to a deceased
person. v. to take such robes after
contemplating on the imper-manence
of compounded things; meditate and
take a funeral (or memorial) robe.
បង្សុកូលចីវរ (Paçsukùla-cìvara,
Assàmika-vattha) “Forest Robe”;
(probably, សំពត់បង្សុកួល ) cloth
discarded in the forest or on a charnel
ground; discarded cloth; (K.) a robe
left for the monks to take as a
discarded cloth. v. ( ដាក់សពំ ត់ ) to
leave a robe (together with other
offerings) for the monks to take as a
discarded cloth; hold a Forest-Robe
Presenta-tion Ceremony.
បច្ចន្រ្ត បេទស (Paccantadesa) the out-
skirts of a country; bordering regions.
24
sphere.
បច្ច័យ (Paccaya) condition; aiding
1.
condition; factor. 2. (the four)
requisites, viz., clothing, food,
dwelling and medicine; necessities.
បច្ចយសន្និស្សិតសីល (Paccayasannissitasìla)
discipline as regards the four
requisites; conduct in connection
with the necessities of life.
បច្ចយាការៈ (Paccayàkàra) “the Mode of
Dependency.” េមីល បដិច្ចសមុប្បាទ
បច្ចេវក្ខណៈ (Paccavekkhaäa) reflection;
consideration; reviewing.
បច្ចុបដ្ឋាន (Paccupaååhàna) appearance;
mode of appearance; phenomenon.
បេច្ចកពុទ្ធ (Paccekabuddha) a private
Buddha; a Silent Buddha; a Buddha
who has won enlightenment by
himself, but does not teach others;
one who gains liberation for himself
alone.
បចា្ឆ ភត្ត (Pacchàbhatta) afternoon; after
the mealtime of the monk.
បចា្ឆ សមណៈ (Pacchàsamaäa) a junior
monk who walks behind a senior on
his rounds; accompanying monk;
attend-ant.
បច្ឆិមជាតិ (Pacchimajàti) the last birth.
បច្ឆិមភត្តកាល (Pacchimabhattakàla*) the
limited time for the second and last
meal of the monk; lunchtime for
Buddhist monks, (11.00 A.M. to 12.00
noon); forenoon meal.
បច្ឆិមយាម (Pacchimayàma) the last
watch (from 2:00 to 6:00 a.m.).
បច្ឆិមវាចា (Pacchimavàcà) the last word;
the last saying.
បច្ឆិមឱវាទ (Pacchimaovàda) the last
instru-ction; the last advice or
exhortation.
បច្ឆិមិកាវស្សា (Pacchimikà) the later
period for keeping the rains.
បញ្ចក្ខន្ធ (Pañcakkhandha) the Five
Aggre-gates; the five groups of
existence; the five causally
conditioned elements of existence
forming a being or entity, viz.,
corporeality, feeling, perception,
mental forma-tions and
consciousness.
បញ្ចង្រ្គ បតិសា្ថន (Pañcappatiååhitena
vandana) five-point prostration; the
method of veneration or obeisance by
prostra-ting oneself or kneeling and
touching the ground with five parts of
the body, viz., the knees, elbows and
forehead.
បញ្ចទ្វារ (Pañcadvàra) the five sense-
doors: eye, ear, nose, tongue and
body.
បញ្ចធម៌ (Pañcadhamma) the five ennob-
ling virtues.
ិ (Pañcavaggiya) “belonging to
បញ្ចវគ្គយ
the group of five”; the five Bhikkhus;
the five ascetics; the five mendicants,
namely, Aññàkoäðañña, Vappa,
Bhaddiya, Mahànàma, and Assaji.
បញ្ចសីល (Pañcasìla) the Five Precepts;
the Five Rules of Morality; the Five
25
Training Rules.
បញា្ញ (Paññà) wisdom; knowledge;
insight; discernment.
បញា្ញ ចក្ខុ (Paññàcakkhu) the Eye of
Wisdom.
បញា្ញ វិមុត្តិ (Paññàvimutti) liberation
through wisdom; emancipation
through insight.
បញា្ញ សម្បទា (Paññàsampadà)
achievement of wisdom; the blessing
of higher knowledge.
បញា្ញ សិកា្ខ េមីល អធិបញា្ញ សិកា្ខ
បញា្ហ (Pañhà) a question; inquiry;
problem.
បដិកូលសញា្ញ (Paåikùlasaññà)
consciousness of impurity;
perception of loath-someness.
បដិគា្គហកៈ (Paåiggàhaka) a recipient;
one who receives.
បដិឃៈ (Paåigha) repulsion; irritation;
anger; illwill; grudge.
បដិច្ចសមុប្បាទ (Paåiccasamuppàda) the
Dependent Origination; the Law of
Causation; the Chain of Causation;
the Law of Dependent Arising; the
Chain of Phenomenal Cause and
Effect; the Conditional Arising and
Cessation of All Phenomena; (the
twelve links of) conditioned co-
production.
បដិញា្ញតករណ៍ (Paåiññàtakaraäa) doing
according to what is admitted;
proceeding on the acknowledgement
(by the accused monk).
បដិបត្តិ (Paåipatti) the practice.
បដិបទា (Paåipadà) path; way; method;
 mode of progress; means of reaching process.
a goal; practice; line of conduct. បដិសន្ធិ វិញា្ញណ (Paåisandhiviññàäa)
បដិបទាញាណទស្សនវិសុទ្ធិ rebirth-consciousness; relinking
(Paåipadàñàäadassana-visuddhi) purity conscious-ness.
of knowledge and vision of progress. បដិសម្ភទិ ា (Paåisambhidà) (the four)
បដិបស្សទ្ធិ វិមតុ ្តិ (Paåipassaddhivimutti) Discrimination; analytic insight;
deli-verance by tranquillization. Analytical Knowledge; discrimina-
បដិភាគនិមិត្ត (Paåibhàganimitta) ting knowledge.
conceptua-lized image; counterpart បដិសម្ភទិ ាមគ្គ (Paåisambhidàmagga) “the
sign; counter image. Way of Analysis”; the Way of
បដិភាណៈ (Paåibhàäa) perspicuity; Discriminating Knowledge”; name of
sagacity; shrewdness; ready wit. the twelfth division of the Khuddaka
បដិភាណបដិសម្ភទិ ា (Paåibhàäa- Nikàya.
paåisambhidà) the Discrimination of
បដិសារណីយកម្ម (Paåisàraäìyakamma)
Sagacity. formal act of reconciliation.
បដិមា (Paåimà) an image; figure. បដិស្សវៈ (Paåissava) promise; assent.
បដិរបូ េទសវាស (Paåirùpadesavàsa) living បដ្ឋាន (Paååhàna) “the Book of Causal
in a suitable region; residing in a Relations”; name of the seventh book
suitable locality; dwelling in a of the Abhidhamma Piåaka.
favourable place. បឋមជ្ឈាន (Paåhamajjhàna) the first
បដិេលាម (Paåiloma) reverse; opposite; Jhàna; the first absorption.
contrary; backward; in reverse order. បឋមេទសនា (Paåhamadesanà) the First
បដិេវធៈ (Paåivedha) penetration; Sermon; the First Discourse. េមីល ធម្ម
realiza-tion; comprehension; ចក្កប្បវត្តនសូ្រត
attainment; insight; knowledge. បឋមយាម (Paåhamayàma) the first
បដិសង្ខរណៈ (Paåisaækharaäa) watch (from 6:00 to 10:00 p.m.)
restoration; reparation; repair; បឋមសាវ័ក (Paåhamasàvaka) the first
mending. disciple: Aññàkoäðañña.
បដិសណ្ឋ ារៈ (Paåisanthàra) friendly បឋវីធាតុ (Paåhavìdhàtu) lit. the earth-
welcome; kind reception; hospitality; element; the element of extension;
greeting. solid; the substratum of matter.
បដិសន្ធិ (Paåisandhi) relinking; rebirth; បណិធាន (Paäidhàna) aspiration;
reunion; conception. determi-nation; resolution.
បដិសន្ធខិ ណៈ (Paåisandhikkhaäa) បណ្ឌ កៈ (Paäðaka) a eunuch.
relinking moment; the initial thought- បណ្ណ តវ្តិ ជ្ជ (Paääattivajja) formulated
moment of life; the initial thought-

26
 fault; breach of the training rules; that
which is blamable by the regulation.
េ្របៀបេធៀប េលាកវជ្ជ
បេណ្ត ញ , ការ (Pattanikujjanà) the
formal act of exclusion from
association; excommunication.
បត់េជីង (Aððhapallaækanisajjà) v. to sit
flat with both legs tucked back to one
side; sit sideways.
បតា្ត នុេមាទនា (Pattànumodanà) rejoicing
in others’ merit.
បតា្ត នុេមាទនាមយៈ (Pattànumodanàmaya)
(merit) connected with, or to be
gained through, rejoicing in others’
merit.
បត្តិទាន (Pattidàna) giving of merit;
transference of merit; letting others
share or participate in doing good.
បត្តិទានមយៈ (Pattidànamaya) (merit)
connected with, or to be gained
through, the giving out of one’s
accumulated merit; the transference
of merit or letting others share in
doing good as a way of making merit.
បទដ្ឋាន (Padaååhàna) a proximate cause.
បធានៈ (Padhàna) effort; exertion;
striving; the Four Great Efforts.
បបញ្ច (Papañca) diversification;
diffuse-ness; multiplicity;
proliferation.
បព្វជិត (Pabbajita) an ascetic; recluse;
monk; the ordained; religious;
renunciate; monastic.
បព្វជ្ជា (Pabbajjà) 1. leaving the world;
going forth; adopting the ascetic life;
ordination. 2. the lower ordination;
27
ordination of a novice; admission to
novicehood; Initiation.
បពា្វ ជនីយកម្ម (Pabbàjanìyakamma) the
act of banishment; exile; the
punishment made to a monk
deserving to be expelled.
បមាទ , េសចក្ត្រី បមាទ (Pamàda)
heedlessness; carelessness;
negligence; indolence; remissness.
បរចិត្ត វជិ ្ជា េមីល េចេតាបរិយញា្ញ ណ
បរទារកម្ម (Paradàrakamma) adultery;
unlawful intercourse with others’
wives.
បរនិម្មិតវសវត្តី (Paranimmitavasavattì) the
realm of gods who lord over the
creation of others; name of the sixth
heavenly abode of which Vasavatti is
the king.
បរមត្ថ , បរមត្ថធម៌ (Paramattha) 1. the
highest good; the highest ideal; the
highest gain; the highest benefit; the
final goal; the Absolute Truth; the
Ultimate Reality; Nibbàna. 2. (the
four) Ultimates; Ultimate Realities.
បរមត្ថសច្ច (Paramatthasacca) the
absolute truth; ultimate truth.
បរមធាតុ , ្រពះ (Dhàtu) the Buddha’s
relics.
បរេលាក (Paraloka) the other world; the
world beyond; the world to come.
បរវាទី (Paravàdì) the opponent (in
argument or controversy.)
បរិកម្ម (Parikamma) 1. arrangement;
pre-paration; preliminary action. 2.
(K.) repetition; pronouncing
incantations; recitation (or to recite)
 for the purpose of making sacred.
បរិកា្ខរ (Parikkhàra) requisite; (the
eight) requisites of a Buddhist monk:
the three robes, the bowl, a razor, a
needle, the girdle and a water-
strainer; accessory; equipment.
បរិចា្ចគ (Pariccàga) donation; charity;
sacrifice. v. to donate; give; give up.
បរិចា្ចគ (Pariccàga) giving up; sacrifice.
បរិេច្ឆទ (Pariccheda) a chapter;
fascicule.
បរិញា្ញ (Pariññà) accurate or exact
knowledge; full understanding;
comprehension.
បរិញា្ញ (Pariññù*, Pàliññù*) one versed
or learned in Pali studies; one who
has passed the examination of any of
the seven higher (3 to 9) grades of
Pali studies; eccl. graduate of Pali
studies; Pali graduate; Pali scholar.
បរិេញ្ញយ្យធម៌ (Pariññeyyadhamma) that
which is to be known accurately; that
which should be understood or
comprehended, i.e. suffering (or all
conditioned things).
បរិត្ត (Paritta) verses of protection or
safeguard; protective chants; holy
stanzas.
បរិេទវៈ (Parideva) lamentation.
បរិនិពា្វន (Parinibbàna) the final or
complete Nibbàna; the complete
extinction of all passions; the final
release from the round of rebirth; the
Great Decease of the Buddha; death
(after the last life-span of an Arhant).
បរិពា្វជក (Paribbàjaka) a wandering
28
religious mendicant; wanderer.
បរិេភាគេចតីយ៍ (Paribhogacetiya) a tree,
shrine, dwelling, bed, etc. used by the
Buddha and consequently remindful
of him and sacred; the monument of
the Buddha’s utility; shrine by use (or
by association).
បរិយត្តិ (Pariyatti) the Scriptures; study
of the Scriptures; the Teachings to be
studied.
បរិវារៈ (Parivàra) “Epitome of the
Vinaya”; “the Accessory”; name of
the last book of the Vinaya Piåaka.
បរិវារ (Parivàra) 1. retinue; suite; pomp;
followers; following. 2. accessories.
បរិវាស (Parivàsa) probation.
បរិេវណវត្ត (Àvàsapariveäa) the
compound of a monastery; the Wat
compound.
ុ (Parisaññutà) the quality of
បរិសញ្ញតា
one who knows the assembly;
knowing the assembly; knowledge of
groups of persons.
បរិស័ទ (Parisà) surrounding people; an
assembly; company: association; the
four assemblies of the Buddhist
devouts: the assemblies of monks,
nuns, male and female lay devotees.
បលាសៈ (Palàsa) rivalry; envious
rivalry; domineering.
បលិេពាធ (Palibodha) obstruction;
hindran-ce; obstacle; impediment;
drawback.
បល្ល័ង្ក (Pallaæka) a couch; throne;
crossedlegged sitting.
បល្ល័ង្កដម្កល្រ់ ពះពុទ្ធរបូ (Mahàpaåimà-
 patiååhà-na) base (for the principal
Buddha image); pedestal.
បវារណា (Pavàraäà) 1. invitation; giving
occasion or opportunity; allowance.
2. invitation to ask. 3. invitation to
speak; the act of inviting others to
advise one or to speak of one’s
offences or any unbecoming behav-
iour; the ecclesiastical ceremony at
the end of the rains retreat, in which
monks invite one another to speak of
any offences or unbecoming behav-
iour they have seen, heard or
suspected to have been committed
during the rains. v. to invite to ask or
to speak.
បសាទៈ (Pasàda) confidence;
satisfaction; joy; calm and clarity of
mind; appreciation; faith.
បស្សទ្ធិ (Passaddhi) tranquillity;
quietude; calmness; repose; serenity;
relaxa-tion.
បស្សាសៈ (Passàsa) out-breathing;
exhala-tion.
បហាតព្វធម៌ (Pahàtabbadhamma) that
which is to be eradicated or
abandoned, i.e. the Cause of
Suffering.
បហានៈ (Pahàna) giving up;
abandoning; removal; eradication;
overcoming.
បហានបធាន (Pahànapadhàna) the effort
to discard evils that have arisen; the
effort to overcome unwholesome
states.
បាច (Abbhukkirati, Siñcati) v. to
sprinkle.
29
បាចិត្តិយៈ (Pàcittiya) 1. “Minor
Offences”; one of the books of the
Vinaya; 2. an offence entailing
expiation.
បាដិេទសនីយៈ (Pàåidesanìya) an offence
to be confessed.
បាដិេមាក្ខ , បាតិេមាក្ខ (Pàåmokkha,
Pàtimok-kha) “the Fundamental
Precepts”; the fundamental rules of
the Order; the 227 disciplinary rules
binding on Bhikkhus; a collection of
the fundamental precepts of the
Order recited every fortnight;
fortnightly recitation of the
fundamental precepts; Disciplinary
Code.
បាដិេមាក្ខសវំ រសីល
(Pàåimokkhasaçvarasìla) discipline
as prescribed by the Pàåimokkha;
moral discipline as regards the
Fundamental Precepts; restraint with
regard to the monastic disciplinary
code.
បាដិហារ្យ (Pàåihàriya) marvel; wonder;
miracle.
បាណាតិបាត (Pàäàtipàta) taking life;
killing.
បា្រត (Patta) a bowl; alms-bowl.
បាប (Pàpa) evil; wrong action;
demerit; (mis.) sin. adj. evil; bad;
wicked; demeritorious; (mis.) sinful.
បាេមាជ្ជ (Pàmojja) delight; joy;
gladness; cheerfulness.
បារមី (Pàramì) (the ten) Perfections;
stages of spiritual perfection achieved
by a Bodhisatta on his path to
 Buddhahood (or by those who are
determined to become Pacceka-
buddhas or Arahant disciples of a
Buddha).
បារាជិក (Pàràjika) 1. “Major Offences”;
the first of the two divisions of the
Suttavibhaæga of the Vinaya. 2. a
grave offence involving expulsion
from monkhood; Defeat. 3. one who
has committed the grave offence of
expulsion; defeated one.
បារិសុទ្ធិសីល (Pàrisuddhisìla) the four
kinds of Higher Sìla; the fourfold
moral purity; morality for
purification; morality consisting in
purity.
បាលី (Pàli) 1. Pàli language; the
language adopted by the Theravàdins
as the language  in which to preserve
the memorized teachings of the
Buddha. 2. Tipiåaka; the text of the
Pali Canon; the Buddha’s teachings
as contained in the Tipiåaka.
បាវចនៈ (Pàvacana) the fundamental
text; the Scriptures; the Dhamma and
the Vinaya; the Doctrine and the
Discipline.
បិដក (Piåaka) a basket; any of the three
main divisions of the Pàli Canon. េមីល
ៃ្រតបិដក
បិណ្ឌបាត (Piäðapàta) food received in
the alms-bowl (of a Bhikkhu); alms-
gathering; almsfood. v. to go for alms;
go for collecting alms; go for alms-
gathering; go on an almsround;
receive food-offerings.
បិតមាស (Suvaääàlepa) v. to gild; cover
30
with gold leaf; put a gold leaf on. adj.
gilded; covered with gold leaves.
បិតុឃាត (Pitughàta) patricide.
បិត្តិ វិស័យ , េបត្តិ វិស័យ (Pittivisaya,
Pettivisa-ya) the plane of the
departed; the world of manes; the
realm of ghost-beings.
បិយវាចា (Piyavàcà) pleasant speech;
kindly speech.
បិសុណាវាចា (Pisuäavàcà) malicious
speech; slandering; tale-bearing.
បីតិ (Pìti) joy; rapture; delight; zest;
interest.
ុ (Puggalaññutà) the quality of
បុគ្គលញ្ញតា
one who knows individuals; knowing
the individual; knowledge of
individuals.
បុគ្គលបញ្ញត្តិ (Puggalapaññatti)
“Description of Individuals”;
“Designation of Individuals”; name
of the fourth book of the
Abhidhamma Piåaka.
បុគ្គលាធិដ្ឋាន (Puggalàdhiååhàna)
exposition in terms of persons;
teaching with reference to persons;
teaching by means of personification.
cf. Dham-màdhiååhàna.
បុចា្ឆ វិស្សជ្ជនា (Pucchàvissajjanà)
catechism; question and answer.
(Puññakiriyàvatthu) (the
បុញ្ញកិ រិយាវត្ថុ
three or ten) items of meritorious
action; way of making merit.
បុណ្យ (Puñña) merit; meritorious
action; virtue; righteousness; moral
acts; good works. adj. meritorious;
good.
បុណ្យជ្វា , ពិធី (Kaääikàropana*) (K.)
the ceremony of mounting the gable-
finial.
បុណ្យេនៅផ្ទះ (Gehamaægala*) house-
blessing ceremony.
បុណ្យបញ្ចះុ សីមា (Sìmànimittanidhàna)
cere-mony of depositing boundary
marking stones; burial of boundary
markers.
បុណ្យសព (Sarìrajjhàpana) funeral;
obsequies; cremation ceremony.
បុណ្យេឡីងផ្ទះ
(Gehapaåhamaparibhogamaæ-gala*,
Gehappavesana-maægala*)
housewarming ceremony.
បុថុជ្ជន (Puthujjana) a worldling;
worldly person; ordinary man.
បុព្វកតបុញ្ញតា (Pubbekatapuññatà) the
state of having done meritorious
actions in the past; to have done good
deeds in the past; having prepared
oneself with good background.
បុព្វកម្ម (Pubbakamma) a former deed; a
deed done in a former existence.
បុព្វករណ៍ (Pubbakaraäa) preliminary
works.
បុព្វកា រី (Pubbakàrì) one who does a
favour before; a previous benefactor.
បុព្វកិច្ច (Pubbakicca) preliminary
function; preliminary duties.
បុព្វនមិ ិត្ត (Pubbanimitta) a foregoing
sign; prognostic; portent.
បុព្វេបតពលី (Pubbapetabali) offerings
dedi-cated to the deceased.
បុេព្វនិវាសានុស្សតិញាណ
31
(Pubbenivàsànussati-ñàäa)
Reminiscence of Past or Previous
Births; the recollection of former
lives; supernormal know-ledge which
enables one to remember the various
past courses of one’s own existences.
បុេព្វសន្និវាស (Pubbesannivàsa) living
toge-ther in the past; previous
association; cohabitation in a
previous life.
បុ រិមិកាវស្សា (Purimikà) the earlier period
for keeping the rains.
បូជនីយបុគ្គល (Pùjanìyapuggala) a
venerable person; person worthy of
honour; one entitled to homage.
បូជនីយវត្ថុ (Pùjanìyavatthu*) an object
of worship.
បូជនីយសា្ថ ន , បូជនីយដ្ឋាន
(Pùjanìyaååhàna*) a place of
worship; place of sanctity; religious
place; shrine; holy or sacred place;
sanctuary.
បូជា (Pùjà) worship (external and men-
tal); honour; veneration; homage;
devotional attention; devotional
offering.
បូរណ៍មី (Puääamì) the full-moon day.
បួស , ការ (Pabbajjà, upasampadà)
giving up the world; adopting the
ascetic life; ordination. v. to go forth;
give up or renounce the world;
become an ascetic, a Bhikkhu or a
novice; be ordained; join or enter the
Order.
េបតវត្ថុ (Petavatthu) “Stories of the
Departed”; name of the tenth divi-
sion of the Khuddaka Nikàya.
េបយ្យវជ្ជ (Peyyavajja) lit. “drinkable ្របទក្សិណ (Padakkhiäà) respectful
words”; kindly speech. clock-wise circumambulation. v. to
េបសុញ្ញវាទ េមីល បិសុណាវាចា circumambulate; make a triple
បំេពញ , ចេ្រមីន (Pùreti, Bhàveti) v. to circumambulation.
fulfil; cultivate; develop; practise.
្របមាទ េមីល បមាទ
្របេគន (Sakkaccaç sahatthà deti) v. to ្របស់ទឹកមន្ត (Parittodaka-abbhukkiraäa*;
present (something to a monk) with ~- siñcana*) to sprinkle the holy
the hand. water.
្របជុេំ ភ្លីង (Citakàlimpana, ្របាង្គ េមីល ្រពះ្របាង្គ
Sarìrajjhàpana) v. to light the funeral េ្របត (Peta) a departed being; ghost;
pyre. ghost-being; hungry ghost; the ghost
្របណម្យ (Añjaliç karoti) v. to lift the of the departed.
joined palms as a token of reverence;
put the hands together (at the chest or
forehead) in salutation.

ផ
ផរណាបីតិ (Pharaäàpìti) rapture; Åhànantaravìjanì) an ornamental
diffused rapture. long-handled fan used as insignia of a
ផរុសវាចា (Pharusavàcà) harsh speech; monastic rank; fan as rank insignia;
rank fan; official fan; fan insignia.
harsh language.
ផ្សព្វផ្សាយ (ធម៌ ) (Pakàsana,
ផល (Phala) fruit; result; consequence;
Vipulakaraäa) propagation;
effect.
dissemination; spread-ing.
ផស្ស (Phassa) contact; touch; mental ផ្សាយកុសល េមីល ឧទ្ទិសកុសល
impression.
ផាណិតៈ (Phàäita) treacle; molasses; ផ្សាយេមតា្ត (Mettàya pharaäà) radiation
of loving-kindness. v. to wish others
sugar.
(or all beings) to be well and happy.
េផីងេជីងធូប (Dhùpabhàjana*) incensory;
censer.
េផាដ្ឋព្វ (Phoååhabba) tangible object.
ផ្លិតតំែណង (Cittavìjanì,

ព
ព័ទ្ធសីមា (Baddhasìmà) boundary establi-shed by the Saægha;

32

ពរ (Vara) boon; blessing; favour.
ពលៈ (Bala) power; strength; health;
energy.
ពលី (Bali) religious offering.
ពហុលកម្ម (Bahulakamma) េមីល អាចិណ្ណកម្ម
ពហុស្សូត (Bahussuta) one who has great
knowledge; a very learned man; well-
taught man; man of great learning.
ពាល (Bàla) a fool; spiritually defective
person.
ពាហុសច្ច (Bàhusacca) much learning;
great learning; profound knowledge.
ពិធី (Vidhàna) arrangement; perform-
ance; ceremony.
ពិធីកម្ម (Pùjàvidhi, Càrittaniyama*) rite;
ritual; ceremony.
ពិធីករ (Vidhikara*) master
ceremonies.
ពិធីដម៏ ង្គល (Maægala, Maægala-samaya)
auspicious ceremony; festive occa-
sion.
ពិធីបណ
ុ ្យក្នុងវត្ត (Cetiyamahàpùjà*,
Vihàra-samajja*, ~ussava*, ~maha*)
temple fair.
ពិធីមង្គលការ (Vivàhakàla,
Vivàhamaægala) wedding; marriage
ceremony.
ពិធីេស្តច េមីល រាជពិធី
ពិធីអពមង្គល (Avamaægala,
Petadakkhiäà-dàna) funeral; rites
(K.)
for the dead; funereal occasion;
memorial service; inauspicious
occasion.
ពិន្ទុ , ពិន្ទុកប្ប េមីល កប្បពិន្ទុ
ពីជនិយាម (Bìjaniyàma) physical
organic order; biological laws.
ពុទ្ធ (Buddha) the Buddha; a Buddha;
enlightened one.
ពុទ្ធកាល (Buddhakàla) the time of the
Buddha (or a Buddha); the advent of
the Buddha.
ពុទក្ធ ិច្ច (Buddhakicca) the Buddha’s
daily routine; duty of the Buddha.
ពុទគ្ធ ុណ (Buddhaguäa) the quality
(virtue or character) of the Buddha.
ពុទច្ធ ្រក (Buddhacakka) the Buddhist
monastic order.
ពុទច្ធ រិយា (Buddhacariyà) the Buddha’s
conduct; the Buddha’s course of
conduct; the Buddha’s career or style
of life; the Buddha’s life activities;
of the way of the Buddha.
ពុទន្ធ ្តរ (Buddhantara) a Buddha-
interval; the period between the
appearance of one Buddha and the
next.
ពុទប្ធ ដិមា េមីល ្រពះពុទ្ធបដិមា
ពុទប្ធ រិស័ទ (Buddhaparisà) the Buddhist
assembly; the four assemblies of
Buddhists; Buddhists (collectively).
ពុទបា្ធ ទ (Buddhapàda) the Buddha’s
footprint.
ពុទ្រ្ធ បវត្តិ (Buddhapavatti*) the life of
the Buddha; life-story of the Buddha.
ពុទ្ធភាសិត (Buddhabhàsita) what was
said by the Buddha; the Buddha’s
sayings.
33
ពុទ្ធមាមកៈ (Buddhamàmaka) one
devoted to the Buddha; one who
professes Buddhism; Buddhist.
ពុទរ្ធ បូ េមីល ្រពះពុទរ្ធ បូ
ពុទវ្ធ ចនៈ (Buddhavacana) the word of
the Buddha; (K.) any sayings or
teachings of the Buddha.
ពុទវ្ធ ំស (Buddhavaçsa) “the History of
the Buddhas”; name of the fourteenth
division of the Khuddaka Nikàya.
ពុទ្ធសករាជ (Buddhasaka*) the Buddhist
Era (B.E.).
្ធ សនា េមីល ្រពះពុទសា
ពុទសា ្ធ សនា
ពុទសា្ធ សនិក (Buddhamàmaka)
Buddhist; adherent of Buddhism.
ពុទ្ធានុស្សតិ (Buddhànussati) recollection
of the Buddha; reflection on the
virtue of the Buddha.
ពុទ្ធាវាស (Buddhàvàsa*) ‘residence of
the Buddha’; the sanctuary or public
precincts of a monastery.
ពុទច្ធិ រិត (Buddhicarita) the intellectual;
the wise; one whose behaviour or
character is wisdom; an intelligent-
natured person.
េពាជ្ឈង្គ (Bojjhaæga) (the seven) Consti-
tuents (or Factors) of Enlightenment;
enlightenment factors.
េពាធិ៍ ( េដីម ) (Bodhirukkha) the “Bo”
tree; the Bodhi Tree; pipal tree; the
Ficus Religiosia.
េពាធិញាណ (Bodhiñàäa) Enlightenment;
supreme knowledge.
េពាធិបក្ខិយធម៌ (Bodhipakkhiya-dhamma)
(the thirty-seven) qualities contri-
buting to enlightenment; virtues
partaking of enlightenment.
េពាធិសត្វ , ្រពះ (Bodhisatta) the
Bodhisatta; Bodhisattva; a Buddha-
to-be; Enlig-htenment  being;
candidate for Buddhahood; one who
has resolved to attain enlightenment
for the helping of his fellow beings.
ព្យាករណ៍ (Vyàkaraäa) answer; explana-
tion; declaration; exposition; predic-
tion.
ព្យាធិ (Byàdhi) disease; sickness;
ailment.
ព្យាបាទ (Byàpàda) ill-will; hatred;
a malevolence; aversion.
ព្យាយាម , េសចក្តី (Vàyàma) effort;
exertion; striving; endeavour.
្រពហ្ម (Brahma) 1. (in Hinduism)
Brahma; the Creator; the Universal
Self. 2. (in Buddhism) a divine being
of the Form Sphere or of the
Formless Sphere; brahma god; happy
and blameless celestial being;
inhabitant of the higher heavens.
្រពហ្មច រិយៈ (Brahmacariya) the Holy
Life; sublime life; religious life;
celibate life; chaste life; strict
chastity; Brahma-faring.
្រពហ្មចា រី (Brahmacàrì) one who leads a
holy or chaste life; celibate; Brahma-
farer.
្រពហ្មទណ្ឌ (Brahmadaäða) lit. sublime
punishment; punishment by suspend-
ing or breaking off conversation and
communication; sanctioned punish-
ment by silent treatment.
34
្រពហ្មេលាក (Brahmaloka) the Brahma more or less permanently for
world; the Fine-Material and Imma- worship; Buddha image (to be) set
terial Worlds. (on an altar) for worship; altar
្រពហ្ម វិហារ (Brahmavihàra) (the four) Buddha-image.
Divine States (of mind); the four
្រពះពុទប្ធ ដិមាធំៗ
noble sentiments; the Highest (Padhànabuddhapaåimà*) the
Conduct; the sublime states of mind. principal Buddha image (in the
្រពាហ្មណ៍ (Bràhmaäa) a Brahmin; man Uposatha hall); main Buddha image.
(Sìhaseyyàkappakabuddha-
្រពះពុទប្ធ ន្ទំ
of the Brahmin caste; a priest.
្រពះ្រកាប (Abhivàdanacela*) cloth for paåimà*, Sayànapaåimà*) Reclining
Buddha.
placing the forehead on when bowing
down; prostrating cloth.
្ធ ទ (Buddhapàda)
្រពះពុទបា the Buddha’s
្រពះ្រគូ (Garuååhàniyabhikkhu*) the title footprint.
of a monastic dignitary lower than
្រពះពុទរ្ធ បូ (Buddharùpa) the figure of the
Chao Khun; Phra Khru; Venerable Buddha; a Buddha image.
Teacher. ្រពះពុទសា
្ធ សនា (Buddhasàsana)
្រពះដ៏មាន្រពះភាគ (Bhagavà) the Blessed Buddhism; the teaching of the
One; the Exalted One. Buddha.
្រពះធម៌ (Dhamma) Dhamma; Dharma; ្រពះសង្ឃ (Saægha) 1. Saægha; the Order;

the Doctrine; the Teachings; the Law;
the Norm.
្រពះបរមសាសា្ត (Satthu) the Master; the
Teacher; the Great Master; the
Buddha.
្រពះពុទ្ធ (Buddha) the Buddha; Lord
Buddha; the Enlightened One; the
Awakened One.
្រពះពុទប្ធ ដិមា (Buddhapaåimà) a Buddha
image.
្រពះពុទប្ធ ដិមាតូចៗ
(Patiååhànabuddhapaåimà*) a Buddha
image of a larger size fit to be placed
the monastic order. 2. (K.) a monk.
្រពះសថូប (Thùpa) (round-topped)
tower-like stupa with a pronged
crown-piece; Phra Prang.
្រពះសយ្យាសនៈ េមីល ្រពះពុទ្ធបន្ទំ
្រពះអង្គ (Khuddakabuddhapaåibimba*) a
small Buddha image (often used as
an amulet or talisman); amuletic
Buddha image.

ភ
ភគវា េមីល ្រពះដ៏មាន្រពះភាគ ភង្គ (Bhaæga) dissolution; cessation;

35
 dissolving or waning moment.
ភណ្ឌ ាគារិក (Bhaäðàgàrika) a store-
keeper or treasurer.
ភណ្ឌូ កម្ម (Bhaäðùkamma) close
shaving; act of shaving close.
ភត្ត (Bhatta) food; meal; boiled rice.
ភត្តកិច្ច (Bhattakicca) taking a meal.
ភត្តុេទ្ទសកៈ (Bhattuddesaka) one in
charge of the distribution of food; an
elder who supervises the distribution
of food; superintendent of meals;
issuer of meals.
ភព (Bhava) becoming; existence; pro-
cess of becoming; state of existence.
ភ័យ (Bhaya) fear; fright; danger.
ភយាគតិ (Bhayàgati) wrong way of
behaviour consisting in fear;
prejudice caused by fear.
ភវង្គ (Bhavaæga) life-continuum; the
subliminal consciousness; constituent
of becoming; the passive state of
mind.
ភវតណ្ហ ា (Bhavataähà) craving for exist-
ence; craving for rebirth; craving for
sensual pleasures connected with the
view of eternalism.
ភាវៈ (Bhàva) fixed nature; condition;
state of being.
ភាវនា (Bhàvanà) development; mental
culture; meditation.
ភាវនាបធាន (Bhàvanàpadhàna) the effort
to develop unrisen good; the effort to
develop wholesome states.
ភាវនាមយៈ (Bhàvanàmaya) (merit)
gained through, or connected with,
36
meditation; merit accomplished by
mental culture; mental culture as a
way of making merit.
ភាវនាមយបញា្ញ (Bhàvanàmayapaññà)
wisdom resulting from mental
development; understanding through
practice.
ភាេវតព្វធម៌ (Bhàvetabbadhamma) that
which is to be developed, i.e. the
Noble Eightfold Path.
ភាសិត (Bhàsita) a saying.
ភិកា្ខ (Bhikkhà) alms; begged food.
ភិកា្ខចារ (Bhikkhàcàra) going about for
alms; begging for alms.
ភិក្ខុ (Bhikkhu) a Bhikkhu; Bhikshu;
Buddhist monk.
ភិក្ខុនី (Bhikkhunì) a Bhikkhuni;
Bhikshuni; Buddhist nun.
ភូត (Bhùta) 1. the elements of which
the body is composed. េមីល មហាភូតរូប
2. a living being; born creature. 3. a
ghost. 4. an Arahant.
ភូមិ (Bhùmi) 1. ground; plane; stage;
level. 2. plane of existence; plane of
consciousness.
េភសជ្ជ (Bhesajja) medicine; drug.
េភាគ (Bhoga) wealth; riches;
possession; enjoyment.
េភាជន (Bhojana) food; meal.
េភាជនដ្ឋាន (Bhattagga) refectory.
េភាជនីយ (Bhojanìya) fit to be eaten;
soft food.
េភាជេន មតញ្ញតា
ុ (Bhojanemattaññutà)
moderation in eating.
 ម
មក្ខ (Makkha) depreciation of
another’s worth; detraction.
មគ្គ (Magga) the Path; the Way; the
Noble Path; the Noble Eightfold
Path; the Path leading to the
Cessation of Suffering.
មគ្គនាយក (Magganàyaka*) lay leader of
a congregation (or, of a Wat lay
community).
មង្គល (Maægala) festivity; good omen;
auspice; auspicious ceremony; (the
thirty-eight) blessings. adj. auspicious.
មច្ចុ (Maccu) death.
មច្ចុរាជ (Maccuràja) the king of death;
the Death.
មច្ឆ រិយៈ (Macchariya) meanness; avari-
ciousness; stinginess; possessiveness.
មជ្ជ (Majja) an intoxicant.
មជ្ឈិម (Majjhima) middler; a monk
who has been ordained between 5
and just under 10 years.
មជ្ឈិមនិកាយ (Majjhimanikàya)
“Collection of Middle-length
Discourses”; “Further Dialogues of
the Buddha”; name of the second of
the five main divisions of the Sutta
Piåaka.
មជ្ឈិម្របេទស េមីល មធ្យម្របេទស
មជ្ឈិមយាម (Majjhimayàma) the middle
watch (from 10:00 p.m. to 2:00 a.m.).
មជ្ឈិមាបដិបទា (Majjhimà paåipadà) the
Middle Path; the Middle Way; the via
media; the golden mean. េមីល មគ្គ
37
មណ្ឌ ប (Maäðapa) a pavilion;
temporary shed; square spired
pavilion.
ុ (Mattaññutà) moderation; tem-
មត្តញ្ញតា
perance; sense of proportion.
មទៈ (Mada) intoxication; pride; sexual
excess.
មទ្ទវៈ (Maddava) gentleness; softness.
មធ្យម្របេទស (Majjhimadesa) the middle
country including the Ganges basin.
មនៈ , មេនា (Mana) mind; thinking
func-tion; thinking faculty.
មនសិការ (Manasikàra) attention;
pondering; attentiveness; advertence;
mental application; reflection.
មនុស្ស (Manussa) a human being.
មនុស្សធម៌ (Manussadhamma) humanity;
virtue of man; the Five Precepts.
មនុស្សេលាក (Manussaloka) the human
world; the human realm; the world of
humans.
មេនាកម្ម (Manokamma) mental action;
action done by mind.
មេនាទុច្ច រិត (Manoduccarita) evil mental
action; evil of mind or thoughts;
misconduct by mind; mental
misconduct.
មេនាទ្វារ (Manodvàra) the mind-door;
mind-avenue.
មេនាធាតុ (Manodhàtu) the mind-
element; element of apprehension;
the ideational faculty.
មេនាមយិទ្ធិ (Manomayiddhi) the magic
 power of the mind; mind-made
magical power.
មេនាវិញា្ញណ (Manoviññàäa) mind-
conscious-ness; the mind cognition.
មេនាវិញា្ញណធាតុ (Manoviññàäadhàtu)
mind-consciousness element.
មេនាសង្ខារ េមីល ចិត្តសង្ខារ
មេនាសុច រិត (Manosucarita) good mental
action; good conduct in thought.
មន្ត (Manta) a charm; spell;
incantation; sacred or magical
formula or invocation; verbal
formulas used as incantations in the
magic of sound. េមីល សូ្រតមន្ត
ម្រន្តីសង្ឃ (Saæghamanti-gaäa,
samajjà*) Council of Saægha
Ministers; Eccl. Cabinet.
មមង្ការ (Mamaækàra) lit. the making of
the utterance ‘my’; selfish
attachment; the notion of ‘my’; ‘my’-
making. េ្របៀបេធៀប អហង្ការ
មរណៈ (Maraäa) death.
មរណភាព (Maraäabhàva*) death (of a
monk or novice).
មរណសតិ (Maraäasati) mindfulness of
death; meditation on death.
មលៈ (Mala) dirt; impurity; stain;
refuse; dust.
មហា (Mahà*) the title of a អ្នកធំ
មហាជាតិ (Mahàjàtaka) the Great Birth
Story; story of the Buddha when he
was born as Prince Vessantara. េមីល
េទសនាមហាជាតិ
មហាេថរសមាគម (Mahàtherasamàgama*)
Mahathera Council; Council
Elders; the Saægha Supreme Council.
មហានិកាយ (Mahànikàya*)
the
Mahànikàya Sect; “Great Sect”;
Greater Sub-Order (of the Khmer
Monkhood); greater denomination.
េ្របៀបេធៀប ធម្ម -យុត្ត
មហាបុរស (Mahàpurisa) Great Man.
មហាបុរសលក្ខណៈ (Mahàpurisalakkhaäa)
(the thirty-two) marks of the Great
Man.
មហាភិេន្រស្កមណ៍ (Mahàbhinikkhamana)
the Great Renunciation; the going
forth of the Bodhisatta into the
homeless life.
~- មហាភូតរូប (Mahàbhùtarùpa) (the four)
primary elements; great essentials;
material qualities of matter.
មហាយាន (Mahàyàna) “the Great
Vehicle”; the school of the Great
Vehicle (of salvation); the Northern
School of Buddhism.
មាឃបូជា (Màghapùjà) Worship on the
Full-Moon Day of the third lunar
month in commemoration of the
Great Assembly of Disciples.
មាតាបិតុឧបដ្ឋាន (Màtàpituupaååhàna) the
support of mother and father;
ministering to parents; looking after
parents.
មាតិកា (Màtikà) 1. matrix; schedule;
list; heading. 2. (K.) funeral chanting
(of Abhidhamma matrices or
schedules).
មាតុគាម (Màtugàma) a woman;
women-folk; women (collectively).
of
មាតុឃាត (Màtughàta) matricide.
38
មានត្ត (Mànatta) penance.
មានះ (Màna) conceit; pride; inordinate
feeling; lust for power.
មាយា (Màyà) illusion; deceit; trick; the
display of an illusion.
មារ (Màra) the Evil One; Death; the
Tempter.
មិចា្ឆទិដ្ឋិ (Micchàdiååhi) wrong view;
false view.
មិត្តបដិរបូ កៈ (Mittapaåirùpaka) a false
friend; one pretending to be a friend.
មិទ្ធ (Middha) torpor; drowsiness;
languor.
មុខបាឋ (Mukhapàåha) word of mouth;
verbal recital; oral tradition.
មុទិតា (Mudità) sympathetic joy;
altruistic joy.
មុទិតាចិត្ត , ការសែម្តង (Muditàkamma*)
congratulation.
មុសាវាទ (Musàvàda) false speech;
lying.
មូលកម្មដ្ឋាន (Mùla-kammaååhàna) basic
meditation subject (comprising the
five exposed parts of the body, viz.,
head hair, body hair, nails, teeth and
skin).
មូលបញ្ញត្តិ (Paññatti, Mùlapaññatti) root-
regulation; main rule; principal or
primary rule.
េមគណ (Gaäàdhipati*) 1. chief monk of
an administrative division; eccl. chief
officer; eccl. governor. The term
Ecclesiastical, or its abbreviation Eccl.
can be prefixed to the title of a
government administrative officer at
39
different levels to designate its
equivalent in the Ecclesiastical
Order, e.g. Eccl. District Officer, for
អនុគណ 2. chief monk of a
monastery- section.
េមគណេខត្ត (Nagarasaæghapàmokkha*)
the Ecclesiastical Provincial
Governor.
េមគណតំបន់ (Mahàsaæghamaäðalapàmok-
kha*) the Chief Superintendent of the
(Central, North, South, East, or
Dhammayuttika) Ecclesiastries;
Chief of the ... Eccl. Jurisdiction;
Eccl. Governor General.
េមគណភូមិភាគ
(Cùøasaæghamaäðalapàmok-kha*)
the Ecclesiastical Regional Governor.
េមតា្ត (Mettà) loving-kindness; friendli-
ness; goodwill.
េមថុនធម្ម (Methunadhamma) sexual
intercourse; coupling; coitus.
េមរុ , េមន េមីល ចិតកាដ្ឋាន
េមាក្ខ (Mokkha) salvation; release;
deliverance; liberation; the state of
disentanglement; release; freedom.
េមាក្ខធម៌ (Mokkhadhamma) salvation;
deliverance; freedom.
េមាហៈ (Moha) delusion; ignorance;
dullness.
េមាហចរិត (Mohacarita) the
unintelligent; the ignorant; one whose
habit is infatuation; a man of foolish
habits; the stupid- or dullnatured; one
of deluded temperament.
េមាហាគតិ (Mohàgati) wrong way of
behaviour consisting in delusion;
 prejudice caused by delusion or
stupidity.
មំស វិរតិ (Maçsavirati*) abstinence
យ
យក្ស (Yakkha) 1. a demon. 2. an
attendant of Kuvera or Vessavaäa. 3.
a messenger of Yama. 4. a fallen
angel; deity. 5. Sakka. 6. any of the
Four Great Kings. 7. the individual
soul.
យញ្ញ (Yañña) 1. (in Hinduism)
sacrifice; offerings. 2. (in Buddhism)
alms-giving; charity.
យថាភូតញាណទស្សនៈ
(Yathàbhùtañàäadassana) absolute
knowledge; the knowledge and vision
according to reality; knowing and
seeing things as they are.
យមកៈ (Yamaka) “The Book of Pairs”;
name of the sixth book of the
Abhidhamma Piåaka.
យមកបាដិហារ្យ (Yamakapàåihàriya) the
Twin Wonder; the Twin Miracle; the
miracle of the double appearances,
consisting in the appearance of
phenomena of opposite character in
pairs, as streaming forth of fire and
water at the same time.
យមរាជ (Yama) the Lord of the Under-
world; ruler of the kingdom of the
dead; death.
យស (Yasa) glory; fame; repute;
success; honour; high position.
យាមា (Yàmà) the realm of the Yàma
gods; name of the third heavenly
40
from meat; vegetarianism.
មា្ច ស់េដីមបុណ្យ . (Nimantaka, Dànapati)
the host; sponsor; chief donor.
abode, of which Suyàma is the king.
េយភុយ្យសិកា (Yebhuyyasikà) decision
according to the majority.
េយាគៈ (Yoga) 1. effort; endeavour;
application; undertaking. 2. bond; tie;
attachment.
េយាគាវចរ (Yogàvacara) one who
practises spiritual exercise; meditator.
េយាគី (Yogì) one who devotes himself
to spiritual things; an earnest student;
one devoted to mental training;
meditator.
េយាជន៍ (Yojana) a measure of length; a
distance of about 10 miles, or 16
kilometres.
េយានិ (Yoni) 1. origin; way of birth;
place of birth; realm of existence;
source; (the four) Modes of Births. 2.
thoroughness; knowledge; insight.
េយានិេសាមនសិការ (Yonisomanasikàra)
proper attention; systematic attention;
having thorough method in one’s
thought; proper consideration; wise
consideration; thorough attention;
critical reflection; genetical reflec-
tion; analytical reflection.
 រ
រង្វាស់បល្ល័ង្ក (Pallaækappamàäa)
”lap- restlessness; distraction; flurry.
front measure”; the method of រូប (Rùpa) 1. matter; form; material;
measuring the size of a crosslegged body; shape; corporeality. 2. object of
sitting Buddha image. the eye; visible object.
រតន្រត័យ (Ratanattaya) the Triple Gem; រូបជ្ឈាន (Rùpajhàna) Jhànas
the Triple Jewel; the Three Jewels. (Absorptions) of the Fine-Material
រត្តញ្ញូ (Rattaññù) an elder of long Sphere.
standing. រូបរាគៈ (Rùparàga) desire for life in the
រេបៀង [ ្រពះវិហារ ] (Maåha, Samanta- world of form; craving for form;
paghaäa) cloister. attachment to realms of form; greed
រេបៀង្រពះវិហារ (Maåha; Samantapaghaäa) for fine-material existence.
cloister.
រូបេលាក (Rùpaloka) the world of form;
រស (Rasa) 1. taste; sapid object;
the Form Sphere.
flavour. 2. function.
រូបារម្មណ៍ (Rùpàrammaäa) visible object.
រាគៈ (Ràga) lust; passion; excitement; រូបាវចរភូមិ (Rùpàvacarabhùmi) the Plane
greed; attachment. of Form; the Form Plane; Fine-
រាគចរិត (Ràgacarita) the lustful; one Material Sphere.
ៃរអង្គាស , ការ (Samantayàcanà*)
whose habit is passion; one of
passionate behaviour; the lustful- request for donation; collection of
natured; one of lustful temperament. voluntary contributions.
រាជពលី (Ràjabali) offering to the king េរាងដាក់ជងួ (Gaäðighara) belfry; bell
or the government, as by paying tower.
taxes. េរាងឧេបាសថ (Uposathagga,
រាជពិធី (Ràjavidhi*, Ràjapùjàvidhi*) a Uposathàgàra) the uposatha hall; a
royal ceremony. chapter house; a hall or building in a
រាជាគណៈ (Ràjàgaäayati, monastery in which ecclesiastical
acts or ceremo-nies are performed;
Cùøasaægharàjà*) (a dignitary
consecrated assembly hall; (mis.)
belonging to) the Royal Chapter (of church; temple.
monks); Chao Khun.
រាន្រពះភូមិ (Bhummadevaååhàna*)
(guardian-) spirit house.
រាយមាយ , េសចក្តី (uddhacca)

41
 ល
លក្ខណៈ (Lakkhaäa) a characteristic;
sign; mark; distinguishing mark;
prog-nosticative mark; quality.
លទ្ធិ (Laddhi) a theory; view; doctrine.
លយ្របទីប (Puåaplàvana*) ‘leaf-vessel
floating’; the Loy Krathong Festival.
លាចាកសិកា្ខបទ (Sikkhaç paccakkhàti) to
give up the Training; leave
monkhood. េមីល សឹក
លាប (េម្សៅ៉ ) (Abbhañjati) v. to
anoint; n. anointment.
លាភ (Làbha) gain; acquisition.
លុតជង្គង់ (Jannukàhi nipatati) v. to sit on
one’s heels; kneel.
លូខប្បមាណិកា (Lùkhappamàäikà) those
who measure or judge by shabbiness;
those whose faith depends on
shabbiness or miserable life.
េលាក (Loka) the world; a world; plane
of existence.
េលាកធម៌ (Lokadhamma) (the eight)
worldly conditions; things of the
world; worldly vicissitudes.
េលាកធាតុ (Lokadhàtu) a unit of the
Universe; world; sphere; another
term for Cakkavàla.
េលាកធិបេតយ្យ (Lokàdhipateyya)
dependence on public opinion;
following the influence of the world;
supremacy of the world; dominant
influence by (the censure of) the
world.
42
េលាកបាល េមីល ចាតុម្មហារាជ
េលាកមា្ច ស់ (Bhikkhu, Pabbajita) title
1.
used when speaking of a Buddhist
monk; venerable. 2. a Bhikkhu;
Buddhist monk; monk; (in other
religions) a priest; minister;
clergyman; etc.
េលាកវជ្ជ (Lokavajja) worldly fault;
breach of the ordinary moral law;
action reprehended in the world; that
which is blamable by the world.
េ្របៀបេធៀប បញ្ញត្តិវជ្ជ
េលាកីយ៍ (Lokiya) adj. mundane;
worldly; belonging to the world.
េលាកុត្តរ (Lokuttara) adj. supramundane;
transcendental; beyond these worlds.
េលាកុត្តរធម៌ (Lokuttaradhamma) (the
nine) supramundane states: the Four
Paths, the Four Fruits and Nibbàna.
េលាកុត្តរភូមិ (Lokuttarabhùmi) the Supra-
mundane Plane (of consciousness).
េលាភៈ (Lobha) greed; covetousness;
acquisitiveness.
េលាហិតុប្បាទ (Lohituppàda) wounding of
a Buddha; causing a Buddha to suffer
a contusion or to bleed.
លះ (ចីវរ ជាេដីម ) (Paccuddharaäa) to
give up the use (of an old robe);
remove; revoke.
 វ
វគ្គ (Vagga) a group; party; chapter religious observance.
of a book. វត្ត្រពះរាជា (Ràjavaravihàra*, Ràjàvàsa*)
វចីកម្ម (Vacìkamma) verbal action; royal monastery.
deed by word; action performed by វត្តរា្រស្ត (Gàmikavihàra*) private
speech. monastery; community monastery.
វចីទចុ ្ច រិត (Vacìduccarita) misbehaviour វត្ថពន្ធចេង្កះ (Kàyabandhana) a girdle;
in words; misconduct by speech; waistband.
verbal misconduct. វត្ថុកាម (Vatthukàma) objective
វចីទ្វារ (Vacìdvàra) speech as a door of sensuality; lovely sense-objects;
action; speech-door. sensual pleasures.
វចី វិញ្ញត្តិ (Vacìviññatti) verbal វត្ថុមង្គល (Maægalavatthu*) amulet;
intimation; verbal expression. talis-man; fetish; lucky piece; charm;
វចីសង្ខារ (Vacìsaækhàra) verbal good-luck charm.
formation, i.e. Vitakka and Vicàra; វត្ថុមានអំណាច , វត្ថុស័ក្តិសទិ ្ធិ (Parittavatthu,
verbal volition. Indajàlikavatthu*) something said to
វចីសុច រិត (Vacìsucarita) good action in have magic power; magic object;
speech; good conduct in word. amulet; talisman; charm; fetish.
វច្ចកដុ ិ (Vaccakuåì) េមីល បង្គន់ វត្ថុស័ក្តិសទិ ្ធិ (Indajàlikavatthu*) an
វដ្ដ (Vaååa) the round of rebirth; the amulet; talisman.
round of existences; the cycle of
វ័យ (Vaya) 1. (the three) ages; periods
rebirth. of life. 2. decay; loss.
វណ្ណ ៈ (Vaääa) 1. colour of the skin; វស្ស (Vassa) a year; rainy season; the
appearance; complexion; beauty. 2. rains; rains-retreat; rains-residence;
caste. 3. fame; repute. the Buddhist Lent.
វត្ត (Vatta) duty; service; function; វស្សូបមាយិកា េមីល ៃថ្ងចូលវស្សា
monastic daily routine or service; វាចា (Vàcà) speech; word; saying.
custom; observance. វាទៈ (Vàda) theory; saying; doctrine;
វត្ត (Vihàra, Àràma) Wat; a monastery; creed.
templemonastery; (mis.) temple. វាយាមៈ (Vàyàma) effort; endeavour;
វត្តចាស់ (េគេបាះបង់េចាល ) exertion; striving.
(Suññavihàra*) deserted monastery; វាេយាធាតុ (Vàyodhàtu) the air-
lit.
uninhabited monastery. element; motion; the element of
វត្ត្របតិបត្តិ (Vata) ascetic practice; motion; vibration.

43
វិកប្ប (Vikappa) to share ownership (of
an extra bowl or robe) with another
monk.
វិកាល (Vikàla) improper time; wrong
time; unseemly hours; afternoon and
night.
វិក្ខម្ភន វិមុត្តិ (Vikkhambhanavimutti)
deliver-ance by suppression.
វិច័យ (Vicaya) investigation; (K.)
research.
វិចារ (Vicàra) sustained application;
discursive thinking; deliberation.
វិចិកិចា្ឆ (Vicikicchà) doubt; perplexity;
scepsis; scepticism; indecision;
uncertainty.
វិជ្ជា (Vijjà) knowledge; transcendental
wisdom; the Threefold Knowledge.
វិញ្ញត្តិ (Viññatti) 1. intimation;
expression. 2. begging; (unlawful)
request (for food and other
requisites); hinting.
វិញា្ញណ (Viññàäa) consciousness; act of
consciousness; (T., mis.) soul; spirit.
វិញា្ញណញា្ច យតនៈ (Viññàäañcàyatana) the
Realm of Infinity of Consciousness;
the Realm of Boundless Conscious-
ness.
វិញ្ញូ (Viññù) a wise man.
វិតក្ក (Vitakka) initial application;
thought conception; thought.
វិតក្កច រិត (Vitakkacarita) the discursive;
the ruminating-natured; one of
speculative temperament.
វិន័យ (Vinaya) 1. discipline; the
monastic regulations; the code of
44
monastic discipline; the rules of
discipline of the Order. 2. training;
guidance. 3. organization; system.
វិន័យធរ (Vinayadhara-gaäa, ~-
samajjà*) Eccl. judicature.
វិន័យធរ (Vinayadhara) one versed in
the Discipline; an expert in the
disciplinary code. េមីល គណៈវិនយ ័ ធរ
វិន័យបិដក (Vinayapiåaka) the Basket of
Discipline; the Discipline Basket; the
Book of Discipline.
វិនិបាត (Vinipàta) bad falling; place of
suffering; perdition; birth of demons.
វិបត្តិ (Vipatti) failure; falling away;
misfortune; downfall; disadvantage;
abortion; invalidity.
វិប រិណាម (Vipariäàma) change;
transforma-tion; alteration.
វិបលា្ល ស (Vipallàsa) derangement;
perver-sion; perversity.
វិបស្សនា (Vipassanà) insight; intuitive
vision; introspection; comtempla-
tion; intuition; insight development.
វិបស្សនាកម្មដ្ឋាន េមីល វិបស្សនាភាវនា
វិបស្សនាធុរៈ (Vipassanàdhura)
the
burden of comtemplation; obligation
of insight development; task of
meditation practice.
វិបស្សនាភាវនា (Vipassanà-bhàvanà)
insight development.
វិបាក (Vipàka) consequence; effect;
result; resultant; fruit.
វិបាកចិត្ត (Vipàkacitta) resultant
conscious-ness; kamma resultant.
វិប្បដិសា រី (Vippaåisàra) remorse;
 repentance.
វិភង្គ (Vibhaæga) “the Book of
Divisions”; “the Book of Treatises”;
name of the second book of the
Abhidhamma Piåaka.
វិភវតណ្ហ ា (Vibhavataähà) craving for
selfannihilation; craving for (or
attachment to) sensual pleasures
connected with the view of nihilism;
craving for non-existence.
វិមាន (Vimàna) a celestial mansion;
fairy-palace.
វិមានវត្ថុ (Vimànavatthu) “Stories of
Celestial Mansions”; “Stories of the
Mansions”; name of the ninth
division of the Khuddaka Nikàya.
វិមុត្តិ (Vimutti) deliverance;
emancipation; release; salvation;
liberation; freedom.
វិមុត្តិសុខ (Vimuttisukha) Bliss of Eman-
cipation; bliss of freedom.
វិេមាក្ខ (Vimokkha) េមីល វិមុត្តិ
វិមំសា (Vìmaçsà) investigation;
reason-ing; reflection; examination;
testing.
វិរតិ (Virati) abstinence; (the three)
abstinences.
វិរាគៈ (Viràga) detachment;
dispassionate-ness; absence of lust;
destruction of passions.
វិ រិយារម្ភ (Viriyàrambha) application of
exertion; stirred-up energy; energetic
effort.
វិវដ្ដ (Vivaååa) freedom from rebirth;
absence of the cycle of existence;
Nibbàna.
45
វិវាទធិករណ៍ (Vivàdàdhikaraäa) legal
questions concerning disputes;
contention (concerning the Doctrine
and the Discipline).
វិេវក (Viveka) seclusion; solitude;
detachment.
វិសង្ខារ េមីល អសង្ខតធម៌
វិសជ្ជនា (Visajjanà) answer;
explanation; exposition; elucidation.
វិស័យ (Visaya) 1. range; reach; scope;
sphere; realm; power; capacity. 2.
sense-object.
វិសាខបូជា (Visàkhapùjà) Worship on the
Full-Moon Day of the sixth lunar
month in commemoration of the
Buddha’s Birth, Enlightenment and
Passing; the Buddhist New Year; the
Festival of the May Full Moon;
widely known as Wesak or Vesak, but
preferably,Vesakh or Wesakh.
វិសុទ្ធិ (Visuddhi) purity; purification;
stage of purity.
វិសុំគាមសីមា (Visuçgàmasìmà) a land
grant (set apart for the Saægha of a
monastery); consecrated boundaries;
consecrated area; concession; a tract
of land (now, usually a small
rectangular plot of ground) officially
granted to the Saægha for establish-
ing the boundaries of the jurisdiction
of a community of monks (now, for
consecrating as the site of the
Uposatha hall of a monastery).
វិហារ (Vihàra) 1. a dwelling-place (for
monks); retreat; monastery; abode. 2.
a state of mind; mode of life. 3. (K.) a
temple; repository of Buddha images;
 Buddha-image hall; shrinehall.
វិហឹសា វិតក្ត (Vihiçsàvitakka) cruel
thought; thought of cruelty; thought
of violence.
វីថិចិត្ត (Vìthicitta) thought process;
process of cognition; a single unit of
cognition; different serial processes
of cognition; conscious mind.
វី រិយៈ (Viriya; Vìriya) effort; energy;
vigour; endeavour; exertion;
perseverance.
េវទនា (Vedanà) feeling; sensation.
េវទនានុបស្សនា (Vedanànupassanà) the
contemplation of feelings; the
contemplation of sensations; mind-
fulness as regards feelings.
េវេនយ្យ (Veneyya) one who is
accessible to instruction; one who is
ready to receive the Teaching (of the
Buddha); a tractable person; trainable
ស
សកទាគាមិផល (Sakadàgàmiphala) the
Fruit of Once-Returning.
សកទាគាមិមគ្គ (Sakadàgàmimagga) the
Path of Once-Returning.
សកទាគាមី , ្រពះ (Sakadàgàmì) the
Once-Returner; one who has attained
the second stage of the Path and will
be reborn on the earth only once
before attaining the final
emancipation.
សកលមហាសង្ឃបរិណាយកៈ (Sakalamahàsaæ
gha pariäàyaka) top leader of the
entire Great Sangha; head of the
national Sangha; the secondary title
46
person; teachable person.
េវយ្យាវច្ច (Veyyàvacca) service; helpful
activity; attention; duty.
េវយ្យាវច្ចករ (Veyyàvaccakara) a servant;
attendant; monks’ agent; one who
renders a service; lay bursar (of a
monastery).
េវយ្យាវច្ចមយៈ (Veyyàvaccamaya) (merit)
to be gained through, or connected
with, rendering one’s services.
េវរា (Vera) enmity; hostile action;
hatred; revenge.
េវសារជ្ជ (Vesàrajja) intrepidity; perfect
selfconfidence.
េវស្សៈ (Vessa) a member of the third
caste; merchant and agriculturalist;
tradesfolk.
attached to the title of សេម្តច្រពះសង្ឃរាជ
(Saægharàja), i.e. the Supreme
Patriarch, or chief of the Buddhist
Order of Thailand.
សកវាទី (Sakavàdì) the affirmative;
proposer.
សកា្ក យទិដ្ឋិ (Sakkàyadiååhi) self-illusion;
the delusion of self; belief in a
personal self; theory of soul; egoistic
view.
សកា្ក រៈ (Sakkàra) honour; worship;
hospitality.
សគ្គ េមីល សួគ៌
ស្រង្កាន (Mahàsaækanti) (K.) the festival
celebrated on the day of the passage
of the Sun to Aries, the first sign of
the Zodiac; Songkran Festival; water-
throwing festival; the traditional
Khmer New Year.
សង្ខតធម៌ (Saækhatadhamma) things
condi-tioned by causes; things
produced by combination of causes;
conditioned or compounded things.
សង្ខារ (Saækhàra) 1. compounded
things; component things;
conditioned things; the world of
phenomena; all things which have
been made up by pre-existing causes,
(as in Sabbe Saækhàrà aniccà). 2.
volitional activities; formation;
kamma forma-tions; mental
formations; mental predispositions;
volitional impulses; impulses and
emotions; volition; all the mental
factors except feeling and perception
having volition as the constant factor,
(as in the Five Aggregates and in the
Law of Causation). 3. essential
conditions; the sum of the conditions
or essential properties for a given
process or result; constructing or
formative factors, (as in
Àyusaækhàra, Kàyasaæ khàra). 4.
conducive factors; instiga-tion (as in
Sasaækhàrika, Asaækhàrika).
សង្គណី េមីល ធម្មសង្គណី
សង្គហវត្ថុ (Saægahavatthu)
objects of
sym-pathy; objects of favour;
principles of kindly treatment;
principles of service and social
integration.
47
សង្គាយនា , សង្គីតិ (Saægìti)rehearsal; a
Council; general convocation of the
Sangha in order to settle questions of
doctrine and to fix the text of the
Scriptures.
សង្គីតិកថា (Saægìtikathà*) preaching or
chanting on the account of the First
Council of Buddhism.
សេ្រង្គាះ (Saægaha) 1. to treat kindly;
give help; favour; aid. 2. to compile;
collect; comprise; include; group.
សង្ឃ (Saægha) community;
assemblage; a chapter of (not less
than four) Buddhist monks; the
Sangha; the Order; the Buddhist
clergy; the Buddhist church; Holy
Brotherhood.
សង្ឃកម្ម (Saæghakamma) an act or
ceremony performed by a chapter of
Buddhist monks assembled in solemn
conclave; a formal act.
សង្ឃគុណ (Saæghaguäa) (the nine)
virtues of the Saægha.
សង្ឃដីកា ឬ ឆាយា (Suddhipaååa*)
identity card; identification papers.
សង្ឃទាន (Saæghadàna) offering to the
Order; gift to the Sangha; offering
dedicated to the Sangha; gift
dedicated to the Community as a
whole.
សង្ឃនាយក (Saæghanàyaka*) Eccl.
Prime Minister.
សង្ឃេភទ (Saæghabheda) schism;
causing dissension among the Order;
the creation of a schism in the
Saægha.
សង្ឃមណ្ឌ ល (Saæghamaäðala) the Order; សញា្ញ ប័្រត(Saññàpaååa*) commission;
the Monastic Order; the Sangha; the royal certificate of appointment.
monkhood. សេញា្ញ ជនៈ េមីល សំេយាជនៈ
សង្ឃម្រន្តី Eccl. Minister. េមីល គណៈសង្ឃ សតិ (Sati) mindfulness; attentiveness;
សង្ឃរាជ , សេម្តច្រពះ (Saægharàja) (His detached watching; awareness.
Holi-ness) the Supreme Patriarch. សតិប្បដ្ឋាន (Satipaååhàna) (the four)
សង្ឃសភា (Saæghasabhà) Eccl. Foundations of Mindfulness; setting
Assembly. up of mindfulness.
សង្ឃាដី (Saæghàåi) the outer robe of a សតិ វិន័យ (Sativinaya) verdict of inno-
Buddhist monk. cence; procedure for the acquittal of
សង្ឃាទិេសស (Saæghàdisesa) an offence an Arahant who has fully-developed
entailing initial and subsequent mindfulness.
meetings of the Saægha; Formal សេតកិចា្ឆ (Satekicchà) adj. curable;
Meeting. amendable; remediable. n. monastic
សង្ឃាធិការ (Saæghàdhikàra*) an offences which can be corrected
ecclesia-stical official; eccl. through some kinds of punishment,
administrative officer. i.e. all offences except the four grave
សង្ឃានុស្សតិ (Saæghànussati) recollection ones called Pàràjika. េ្របៀបេធៀប អេតកិចា្ឆ
of the Order; reflection on the virtue សតា្ត វាស (Sattàvàsa) (the nine) spheres
of the Saægha. inhabited by beings; abodes of
សង្ឃាវាស (Saæghàvàsa*) the monastic beings.
precincts; living quarters of the សតា្ត ហករណីយៈ (Sattàhakaraäìya)
monks. business to be attended to within
សច្ច (Sacca) truth; truthfulness. seven days; grounds or occasions on
which monks are permitted to leave
សច្ចធម៌ (Sacca) the truth; Truth. the rains-residence for the limited
សច្ឆិកាតព្វធម៌ (Sacchikàtabbadhamma) time of seven days.
that which is to be realized, i.e. the សត្វ (Satta) a being; living being;
Cessation of Suffering or Nibbàna. creature; person.
សញ្ញមៈ (Saññama, Saçyama) restraint; សថូប (Thùpa) a relic mound; reliquary
self-control; abstinence. mound; tope; cairn; monument
សញា្ញ (Saññà) perception; idea; erected over the ashes of a holy
ideation. person; stupa.
សញា្ញ ប័្រត (Adhikàrapaååa*) certificate of សទារសេន្តាស (Sadàrasantosa)
appointment; credentials; eccl. contentment with one’s own wife.
warrant. សទ្ទារម្មណ៍ (Saddàrammaäa) audible
48
 object; sound.
សទ្ធម្ម (Saddhamma) the true Dhamma;
true doctrine; doctrine of the good;
good law; good principle.
សទ្ធម្មបដិរបូ កៈ (Saddhammapaåirùpaka)
false doctrine; pseudo-Dhamma.
សទ្ធា (Saddhà) faith; confidence.
សទ្ធាចរិត (Saddhàcarita) the devout; the
faithful-natured; one of faithful
temperament.
សទ្ធាេទយ្យ (Saddhàdeyya) a gift of faith;
a gift offered through faith.
សទ្ធាសម្បទា (Saddhàsampadà)
achievement of faith.
សទ្ធិ វិហារិក (Saddhivihàrika) a co-
resident; pupil.
សន្តតិ (Santati) continuity (especially of
consciousness); a series of moments.
សន្តាន (Santàna) 1. continuity of subli-
minal consciousness; the ever mov-
ing, flowing panorama of successive
mental states. 2. intrinsic or inherent
qualities of character; inborn trait;
innate character.
សន្តិ (Santi) peace; tranquillity;
calmness.
សន្តុដ្ឋី េមីល សេន្តាស
សេន្តាស (Santuååhi, Santosa)
contentment; satisfaction
whatever is one’s own.
សន្ទនាធម៌ េមីល សាកចា្ឆ
សន្លឹកបឹតមាស (Suvaääapatta) (K.)
leaf.
សប្បាយ (Sappàya) beneficial;
1. adj.
wholesome; suitable; favourable. 2.
favourable condition.
សប្បិ (Sappi) េមីល ទឹកេដាះថ្លា
សប្បុរស (Sappurisa) a good, worthy
man; righteous man; gentleman.
សប្បុ រិស េមីល សប្បុរស
សប្បុ រិសធម៌ (Sappurisadhamma) virtue
of the righteous; (the seven) qualities
of a good man.
ស្រពហ្មចា រី (Sabrahmacàrì) a fellow
monk; fellow in the holy life; co-
celibate.
សព្វញុ្ញតញា្ញ ណ (Sabbaññutañàäa)
omniscience.
សព្វញ្ញូ (Sabbaññù) the Omniscient One;
an epithet of the Buddha.
សភាវៈ (Sabhàva) nature; condition;
state; reality.
សភាវធម៌ (Sabhàvadhamma) principle
of nature; natural condition; natural
phenomenon.
សមជី វិតា (Samajìvità) balanced
livelihood; regular life; living
economically; living within one’s
means.
សមណៈ (Samaäa) a recluse; a Buddhist
monk.
សមណេទ្ទស (Samaäuddesa) a novice.
សមណធម៌ (Samaäadhamma) duties of a
with monk; monastic observances.
សមណ្រពាហ្មណ៍ (Samaäa-bràhmaäa)
recluses and brahmins; ascetics and
gold priests; the recluses and mendicants
of non-Vedic or non-Brahmanical
systems (such as Buddhism and
Jainism) and the brahmins of the
49
 priestly caste of the Vedic religion.
សមណស័ក្តិ (Samaäasatti*) eccl.
honorific rank; title.
សមណសញា្ញ (Samaäasaññà) awareness
of one’s monkhood; consciousness of
proper behaviour of a monk; a
monk’s sense of duty.
សមណសារុប្ប (Samaäasàruppa) a monk’s
proper behaviour; the mien and
deportment appropriate to a monk.
សមថៈ (Samatha) calm; tranquillity;
quietude of heart.
សមថកម្មដ្ឋាន េមីល សមថភាវនា
សមថភាវនា (Samathabhàvanà)
concentration development; the
method and practice of concentrating
the mind; tranquillity development.
សមាទាន (Samàdàna) undertaking;
observ-ance; acceptance. v. to
undertake; take upon oneself.
សមាធិ (Samàdhi) concentration; one-
pointedness of mind; mental
discipline.
សមានត្តតា (Samànattatà) impartiality;
sociability; state of equality; even
and equal treatment; equality and
participation.
សមាបត្តិ (Samàpatti) attainment;
meditat-ive attainments.
សមុេច្ឆទ វិមុត្តិ (Samucchedavimutti)
deliver-ance by extirpation.
សមុដ្ឋាន (Samuååhàna) origination;
cause.
សមុទយៈ (Samudaya) the Cause of
Suffering; the Origin of Suffering.
50
សេម្តច (Upasaægharàja*) Somdech; any
of the highest dignitaries in the
hierarchy of the Khmer Saægha,
second only to the Supreme
Patriarch.
សែម្តងអាបត្តិ (Àpattidesanà) the
confession of an offence. v. to confess
an offence.
សម្បជញ្ញ (Sampajañña) clear
comprehen-sion; discrimination;
circumspection; clear consciousness;
awareness.
សម្បត្តិ (Sampatti) success; attainment;
achievement; accomplishment;
advantage; fulfilment; happiness;
bliss; fortune; wealth; prosperity;
perfection; soundness; validity.
សម្បទា (Sampadà) achievement; fulfil-
ment; accomplishment; attainment;
success; happiness.
សម្បរាយៈ (Samparàya) a future life; the
beyond; the hereafter; spirituality.
សម្បរាយិកត្ថ (Samparàyikattha) gain for
the hereafter; future benefit; spiritual
welfare; sources of happiness in the
future life.
សម្បរាយិកភព (Samparàya) a future
existence; next life; future life.
សម្ផប្បលាបៈ (Samphappalàpa) frivolous
talk; idle talk; vain talk.
សម្ផស្ស េមីល ផស្ស
សម្ពុទ្ធ (Sambuddha) onewho has been
well enlightened or has thoroughly
understood; a Buddha; the Buddha.
សេមា្ព ធ េមីល ឆ្លង
សម្ភេវសី (Sambhavesì) lit. seeking birth
 or existence. 1. a living being at the សមា្ម សមាធិ (Sammàsamàdhi) Right
first stage of life or during the birth- Concentration.
process; a being yet to be born. 2. a សមា្ម សម្ពុទ្ធ(Sammàsambuddha) the
being subject to rebirth; worldling. 3.
Fully (or Perfectly) Enlightened One.
(K.) a spirit seeking (or awaiting)
rebirth. េ្របៀបេធៀប ភូត សមា្ម អាជីវៈ (Sammààjìva) Right
Livelihood; Right Living; Right
សម្មតិ (Sammati; Sammuti) convention; Means of Livelihood; Right Pursuits.
agreement; consent; authorization;
appointment; election.
សម្មុខាវិន័យ (Sammukhàvinaya) verdict
in the presence of (a Sangha, the
សម្មតិសង្ឃ (Sammatisaægha;
persons and the matter concerned,
Sammutisaægha) Saægha by and the Doctrine and Discipline).
convention; conventional Saægha;
សេ្រមច (Pàpuäàti; Sacchikaroti;
community of ordained monks.
សម្មតិសច្ច (Sammatisacca; Abhisa-meti) to attain; realize; reach;
achieve; experience for oneself.
Sammutisacca) conventional truth.
សយម្ភូ (Sayambhù) the Self-Existent;
សម្មតិសីមា (Sìmàsammati) v. to establish an epithet of the Buddha.
the boundary of the Sangha
សរណៈ (Saraäa) refuge; help;
communion area. n. consecration of
the Assembly Hall boundary. protection; guide; remembrance.
សម្មប្បធាន (Sammappadhàna) (the Four) សរណគមន៍ (Saraäagamana, ~äàgamana)
Great Efforts; Supreme Efforts; Right taking refuge (in the Triple Gem);
Efforts. going for refuge.
សមា្ម កម្មន្តៈ (Sammàkammanta) Right សរភញ្ញ (Sarabhañña) intoning; a
Action; Right Conduct; Right particular mode of recitation
Behaviour. (allowable to monks).
សមា្ម ទិដ្ឋិ (Sammàdiååhi) Right View; សរេសីរ , េសចក្តី (Pasaçsà) praise;
Right Understanding. commen-dation.
សមា្ម វាចា (Sammàvàcà) Right Speech. សរីរៈ (Sarìra) the (physical) body.
សមា្ម វាយាមៈ (Sammàvàyàma) Right សលាកភត្ត (Salàkabhatta) food to be
Effort; Right Endeavour; Right distributed by tickets; ticket-food.
Exertion. សស្សតទិដ្ឋិ (Sassatadiååhi) eternalism; the
សមា្ម សង្កប្ប (Sammàsaækappa) Right doctrine of the continuance of the
Thought; Right Mental Attitude; soul after death; the doctrine that soul
Right Motives; Right Aspiration. and the world are eternal.
សមា្ម សតិ (Sammàsati) Right សហធម្មិក (Sahadhammika) co-
Mindfulness; Right Attentiveness. religionists; fellow Dhamma-farer.

51
សឡាយតនៈ (Saøàyatana) the six senses;
sense-bases; sense-organs; sense-
spheres.
សឧបាទិេសសនិពា្វន (Saupàdisesa-nibbàna)
Nibbàna realized with the body
remaining; Nibbàna with the
substratum of life remaining.
សាកចា្ឆ (Sàkacchà) conversation;
discussion.
សាជីវៈ (Sàjìva) the code of discipline;
all the disciplinary rules abiding on
the life of the monk.
សាេថយ្យ , សាេតយ្យ (Sàåheyya)
hypocrisy; craft; treachery.
សាមគ្គី (Sàmaggì) concord; unity;
harmony; unanimity; union.
សាមញ្ញលក្ខណៈ (Sàmaññalakkhaäa) the
Common Characteristics (of compo-
nent things), viz., impermanence,
state of conflict and not-self.
សាមេណរ (Sàmaäera) a novice; one who
is ordained by taking the Three
Refuges and observes the Ten
Precepts.
សាមេណរី (Sàmaäerì) a female novice;
female apprentice of a nun.
សាមីចកិ ម្ម (Sàmìcikamma) proper act of
respect; opportune gestures of
respect.
សាយ (Saækharoti; Abhisaækharoti) to
think under the influence of some
passion or motive; proliferate.
សារម្ភ (Sàrambha) contention; vying;
presumption.
សារាណីយធម៌ (Sàràäìyadhamma) states
of conciliation; virtues for fraternal
52
living.
សារី រិកធាតុ េមីល ធាតុ
សាលា (Sàlà) hall; pavilion; wayside
shelter; study and merit-making hall;
public building; preaching hall;
multipurpose hall.
សាលាសូ្រតមន្ត (Sajjhàyanasàlà*) chanting
hall; hall for daily meeting and
chanting.
សាវ័ក (Sàvaka) a disciple; hearer;
follower.
សាសនសម្បត្តិ (Sàsanasampatti*) ecclesia-
stical property; temporalities.
សាសនា១ (Sàsana) teaching; message;
doctrine; the Dispensation.
សាសនា២ (Samaya, Diååhi, Pàsaäða) a
religion.
សាសនាចារ្យ (Sàsanàcariya) a religious
teacher; moral instructor; mission-
ary. េ្របៀបេធៀប អនុសាសនាចារ្យ
សាសនិក (Sàsanika) an adherent;
follower.
សាសា្ត (Satthu) a teacher; master; (the
Six) Teachers; (K.) the founder of a
religion.
សាសា្ត , ្រពះបរម (Satthu) the Master;
the Great Master; the Teacher.
សាសា្ត ព្យាករណ៍ (Anàgatavattu*) a
prophet.
សិក្ខមានា (Sikkhamànà) a female novice
undergoing a probationary course of
two years (before receiving the
higher ordination).
សិកា្ខ (Sikkhà) learning; study; training;
discipline.
សិកា្ខបទ (Sikkhàpada) a disciplinary of virtue; fulfilment of moral
rule; rule of morality; precept; conduct.
training rule. សីលសាមញ្ញតា (Sìlasàmaññatà) equality
សិស្សវត្ត (Àràmika, Kappiyakàraka, in moral conduct; unity in moral or
Bhikkhu-sissa) monastery boy; disciplinary practices.
monastery pupil; temple boy; a សីលសិកា្ខ េមីល អធិសីលសិកា្ខ
monk’s pupil. សីលាចារវត្ត (Sìlàcàravatta*) moral
សីមា (Sìmà) a boundary; limit; conduct, manners and duties; moral
precinct; consecrated area habits, mien and deportment; the way
(established by sanctioned of behaving and observing one’s
boundaries). duties.
សីល (Sìla; Sikkhàpada) 1. morality; សីលានុស្សតិ (Silànussati) recollection of
moral conduct. 2. a precept; rule of morality; reflection on the advan-
morality; training rule. tages of morality or on one’s own
សីល (Sìla) morality; moral practice; morals.
moral conduct; code of morality; សីហេសយ្យា (Sìhaseyyà) lying like a lion;
Buddhist ethics; a precept; rule of lying on the right side.
morality. សឹក (Uppabbajati, Vibbhamati) v. to
សីលធម៌ (Sìla; Sucarita; Àcàra) leave the Order; leave monkhood;
morality; morals. disrobe. េមីល លាចាកសិកា្ខបទ
សីលព្វតបរាមាសៈ (Sìlabbataparàmàsa) សឹង (Seyyaç kappeti) v. (of a monk or
adher-ence to mere rules and rituals; novice) to sleep.
clinging to rules and vows; សុក្ខ វិបស្សកៈ (Sukkhavipassaka) a dry-
overestimation regarding the efficacy
visioned Arahant; bare-insight
of rules and observances.
worker.
សីលព្វតុបាទាន (Sìlabbatupàdàna) clinging សុខ (Sukha) 1. happiness; ease; joy;
to mere rules and rituals; adherence
comfort; pleasure. 2. physical or
to rites and ceremonies; attachment
bodily happiness or ease.
to the belief in the efficacy of
religious ceremonies and rituals. សុគត (Sugata) the Happy One; the
សីលមយៈ (Sìlamaya) (merit) to be Well-Farer; the Buddha.
gained through, or connected with, សុគតិ (Sugati) (the two or twenty-
morality. seven) Happy States; blissful states
សីល វិសុទ្ធិ (Sìlavisuddhi) purity of of existence; good bourn.
morality; purification of morality. សុច រិត (Sucarita) right conduct; good
សីលសម្បទា (Sìlasampadà) achievement conduct; uprightness.

53
សុតៈ (Suta) that which is heard or
learnt; hearing; learning.
សុតមយបញា្ញ (Sutamayapaññà)
understand-ing acquired by learning;
wisdom resulting from study.
សុត្តនិបាត (Suttanipàta) “Collected
Discou-rses”; “Woven Cadences of
Early Buddhists”; name of the fifth
division of the Khuddaka Nikàya.
សុត្តន្តបដិ ក (Suttantapiåaka) “The Basket
of Discourses”; The Basket of
Sermons”; the second main division of
the Pali Canon containing discourses.
សុទ្ទ េមីល សូ្រទ
សុទ្ធាវាស (Suddhàvàsa)(the Five) Pure
Abodes (in the Form Sphere) where
the Non-Returners are reborn.
សុភាសិត (Subhàsita) pleasant speech;
well-spoken words; a proverb.
សុរាេមរយមជ្ជបមាទដ្ឋានា
(Suràmerayamajjapa-màdaååhàna)
(taking) intoxicants tending to cloud
the mind; intoxi-cants causing
carelessness.
សុ រិយគតិ (Suriyagati*) the system of a
solar calendar.
សូ្រត (Sutta; Suttanta) a discourse;
dialogue; aphorism.
សូ្រត , ្រពះ (Sutta; Suttapiåaka) the
discourses; the original sermons and
dialogues of the Buddha.
សុត្តន្តបិដក
សូ្រតបាដិេមាក្ខ , ការ (Pàåimokkhuddesa)
recit-ation of the Fundamental
Precepts of the Buddhist monks. v. to
recite or chant the Fundamental
Precepts. េមីល បាដិេមាក្ខ .
សូ្រតបួងសួង , ការ [ ទូេទៅ ] (Àyàcanà)
prayer. v. to pray; chant; say a prayer.
សូ្រត្រពះអភិធម្ម (Abhidhammabhaäana*)
funeral chanting (of Abhidhamma
excerpts); requiem chanting.
សូ្រតមន្ត , ការ [ ក្នុង្រពះពុទ្ធសាសនា ]
(Sajjhàya, Uddesa, Padabhàäa,
~gàyana, ~bhaäana, Parittakaraäa)
recitation; chanting (especially of
protective verses); rehearsal. v. to
recite (the Buddha’s teachings);
chant; chant the holy stanzas.
សូ្រទ (Sudda) a person of the lowest
caste; the workers; those who
contribute the necessary physical
labour; a Sudra; servant; menial;
workpeople.
សួគ៌ (Sagga) a place of happiness;
heaven; heavenly abode.
េសក្ខ , ្រពះ (Sekha; Sekkha) the
learner, i.e. one who is in the course
of perfection; one who has reached
one of the stages of holiness, except
the last, and has yet to undergo a
higher training.
េសខិយវត្ត (Sekhiyadhamma;
Sekhiyavatta) (the seventy-five) rules
for training; rules of good breeding;
the code of etiquette.
េសចក្តីផតុ ្រសឡះ េមីល វិមតុ ្តិ
េមីល េសនាសនៈ (Senàsana) sleeping and
sitting; bed and seat; dwelling;
lodging.
េសយ្យា (Seyyà) bed; bedding; sleep;
rest; lying down; reclining.
54
េសាក (Soka) grief; sorrow.
េសាតទ្វារ (Sotadvàra) the ear-door; ear-
avenue.
េសាតវិញា្ញណ (Sotaviññàäa) ear-
conscious-ness.
េសាតាបត្តិផល (Sotàpattiphala) the
Fruition of Stream-Entry; Fruit of
Stream-Entrance.
េសាតាបត្តិមគ្គ (Sotàpattimagga) the Path
of Stream-Entrance; Path of Stream-
Attainment.
េសាតាបន្ន (Sotàpanna) a Stream-
Enterer; Stream-Winner; one who has
attained the first stage of holiness.
េសាមនស្ស (Somanassa) a pleasurable
mental feeling; mental pleasure; glad-
mindedness; joy; delight.
េសារច្ច (Soracca) gentleness; meekness;
suavity; gentility; refinement;
mannerliness; graciousness.
េសាវច្ចស្សតា (Sovacassatà) “state of
being easy to speak with”;
Collection of Connected Discourses;
Book of the Kindred Sayings; name
of the third main division of the Sutta
Piåaka.
សំេយាជនៈ (Saçyojana) (the ten) Fetters
(that bind man to the round of
rebirth).
សំវរៈ (Saçvara) 1. to be composed;
self-controlled; restrained; decorous;
sedate. 2. commingled; mixed (food).
សំវរៈ (Saçvara) restraint.
សំវរបធាន (Saçvarapadhàna) the effort
to prevent the arising of unrisen evils;
the effort to avoid unwholesome
states.
សំវាស (Saçvàsa) communion.
សំេវគ (Saçvega) sense of urgency.
សំេវជនីយសា្ថ ន (Saçvejanìyaååhàna) a
place apt to rouse the sense of
urgency; (the Four) Holy Places of
Buddhism.
សំសារ (Saçsàra, Saçsàracakka) lit.

amenability to correction; obedience; faring on; the Round of Rebirth; the

admonish-ability. Round of Existence; the Wheel of
េសាឡស (Soøasa) sixteen. Rebirth; the Wheel of Life; the Life
Process; Rebirth process; the Process
សំណាក់សង្ឃ (Saæghanivàsa*, of Birth and Death.
Saæghaniketa*) monastic residence; សំសារវដ្ដ េមីល សំសារៈ
monks’ lodging.
សំពត់ងូតទឹក (Udakasàåikà) a bathing-
សំេសទជៈ (Saçsedaja) moisture-born
creatures.
cloth.
សំពត់ងូតទឹកេភ្លៀង (Vassikasàåikà) cloth
ស្គរតូច (Paäðava) a small drum.
for the rains; rains-cloth.
េស្តចច្រក (Cakkavatti) 1. world-king; a
សំពះ (Vandana, Namassana) v. to salute universal monarch, endowed with the
seven valuables or treasures. 2. (K.) an
with joined palms.
emperor.
សំយុត្តនិកាយ (Saçyuttanikàya) ស្បង់ (Antaravàsaka) inner garment;
55
 the undergarment of a Buddhist in; bowl-case; bowl-bag.
monk, nun or novice; the under robe. សា្វ ធ្យាយ , េមីល សូ្រតមន្ត
្រសង់ទឹក (Nhàyati) v. (of a monk or [ ក្នុង្រពះពុទសា
្ធ សនា ].
novice) to bathe.
េ្រសាមបា្រត (Pattathavikà) the bag with a
sling, used for carrying an alms-bowl

ហ
ហត្ថបាស (Hatthapàsa) the distance Theravàda.
within a hand’s reach. េហតុ (Hetu) a cause; causal condition;
ហទយវត្ថុ (Hadayavatthu) heart-base; root-cause.
mind-base; the heart; the physical េហាជាង (Gahasikhara) gable; pediment.
base of mental life. េហារៃ្រតយ៍ (Tipiåakàlaya*;
ហសិតុប្បាទចិត្ត (Hasituppàdacitta) smile- Potthakàgàra*; Ganthàlaya*)
producing consciousness. monastery library; Scripture Library;
ហិ រិ (Hiri) moral shame. library of sacred writings.
ហីនយាន (Hìnayàna) the Lesser ហំសបាត (Haçsapàda) crimson.
Vehicle; the Smaller Vehicle; the
Southern School of Buddhism;

អ
អកតញ្ញូ (Akataññù) ungrateful.
អករណីកិច្ច (Akaraäìyakicca) deed which
should not be done; improper action;
unbefitting action.
អកាលមរណៈ (Akàlamaraäa) untimely
death.
អកិ រិយទិដ្ឋិ , ~វាទ (Akiriyadiååhi) lit. the
theory of nonaction; the theory that
there is no after-effect of action; view
of the inefficacy of action.
អកុសល (Akusala) adj. unwholesome;
demeritorious; immoral; kammically
unwholesome; unskilful. n. demerit;
bad action.
56
អកុសលកម្ម (Akusalakamma) an evil
action; unwholesome action.
អកុសលកម្មបថ (Akusalakammapatha)
(the tenfold) way of bad action;
unwholesome course of action.
អកុសលចិត្ត (Akusalacitta) demeritorious
thought; immoral consciousness.
អកុសលមូល (Akusalamùla) (the three)
roots of evil; the roots of bad actions;
kammically unwholesome roots;
demeritorious roots.
អកុសលវិតក្ក (Akusalavitakka) unwhole-
some thought.
អេកា្ក ធៈ (Akkodha) non-anger; freedom
 from hatred.
អគតិ (Agati) wrong way of behaviour;
prejudice; bias.
អេគាចរ (Agocara) wrong pasture;
wrong resort; non-resorts for alms;
improper haunts; evil haunts.
អគ្គសាវ័ក (Aggasàvaka) the most
distinguished disciples; (the two)
Chief Disciples, i.e. Sàriputta and
Mahàmoggallàna.
អង្គ (Aæga) factor; constituent.
អង្គារ (Aægàra) 1. charcoal; ashes. 2.
ash; the ashes, especially of the
Buddha.
អង្គាស (Parivisana) v. to serve with
food; wait upon at a meal.
អង្គុត្តរនិកាយ (Aæguttaranikàya) the
collection of discourses arranged in
accordance with number; Adding-
One Collection; Collection of
Numerical Sayings; the Book of the
Gradual Sayings; name of the fourth
main division of the Sutta Piåaka.
អង្គុយសមាធិ (Pallaækaç àbhujati) to sit
(flat on the haunches) cross-legged.
អង្ស័ក (Açsa) 1. a part; side. 2.
shoulder. 3. (K.) shoulder piece; chest
cloth; the sleeveless one-shouldered
singlet of a monk.
អចិេន្តយ្យ (Acinteyya) the (four)
unthink-ables.
អច្ឆ រិយៈ (Acchariya) adj. wonderful;
marvellous; astonishing; exceptional;
extraordinary; (K.) genius.
អញ្ជលី េមីល ្របណម្យ
អដ្ឋកថា (Aååhakathà) a commentary.
57
អណ្ឌ ជៈ (Aäðaja) egg-born creatures;
the oviparous.
អតិថិពលី (Atithibali) offering to guests;
reception.
អតិមានះ (Atimàna) pride; arrogance;
contempt; disdain; scorn.
អតិេរកចីវរ (Atirekacìvara) an extra robe.
អតិេរកចីវរ (Atirekacìvara) extra robe.
អតិេរកលាភ (Atirekalàbha) extra acqui-
sitions.
អេតកិចា្ឆ (Atekicchà) adj. incurable;
unamendable; irremediable. n. the
four major offences, called Pàràjika,
which entail expulsion from the
Order. េ្របៀបេធៀប សេតកិចា្ឆ
អត្តកិលមថានុេយាគ (Attakilamathànuyoga)
Self-Mortification; the constant
attachment to Self-Mortification.
ុ (Attaññutà) the quality of one
អត្តញ្ញតា
who knows oneself; knowing oneself.
អត្តភាព (Attabhàva) personality; indivi-
duality.
អត្តវាទុបាទាន (Attavàdupàdàna)
attachment to the self- (or soul-)
theory; the belief in a persistent self
or soul; clinging to the Ego-belief.
អត្តសមា្ម បណិធិ (Attasammàpaäidhi)
setting oneself in the right course;
aspiring and directing oneself in the
right way; perfect self-adjustment;
thorough pursuit or development of
one’s personality.
អតា្ត (Attà) 1. self; soul; ego; personal
entity. 2. mind; the whole personality.
អតា្ត ធិបេតយ្យ (Attàdhipateyya) self-
 depen-dence; self-reliance;
supremacy of self; dominant
influence by oneself (or by self-
regard).
អត្ថ (Attha) 1. meaning; the spirit; the
correct sense; essence. 2. benefit;
advantage; gain; welfare; the good. 3.
goal; purpose.
អត្ថច រិយា (Atthacariyà) benefaction;
useful conduct or behaviour; doing a
favour; life of service; doing good.
ុ (Atthaññutà) the quality of one
អត្ថញ្ញតា
who knows what is useful or who
knows the correct meaning of
something; knowledge of the
meaning; knowing the purpose;
knowing the consequence.
អត្ថបដិសម្ភទិ ា (Atthapaåisambhidà) know-
ledge of the meaning (of words); the
Discrimination of the Meaning;
analytic insight of consequence.
អទិន្នាទាន (Adinnàdàna) taking what is
not given; stealing.
អទុក្ខមសុខ (Adukkhamasukha) neither
pain nor happiness; indifferent
feeling. adj. neither painful nor
pleasurable.
អេទាសៈ (Adosa) non-hatred; non-
anger; amity; hatelessness.
អធម៌ (Adhamma) misconduct; unright-
eousness; injustice; false doctrine. adj.
unjust; unrighteous.
អធិកមាស (Adhikamàsa) intercalary
month; (a year with) an extra eighth
lunar month.
អធិករណ៍ (Adhikaraäa) a case; question;
58
affair; lawsuit; dispute; disciplinary
case of dispute; legal process; legal
question.
អធិករណសមថៈ (Adhikaraäasamatha)
settling of a case, a question, a
dispute or a lawsuit; transaction;
settlement of legal processes.
អធិកវារៈ (Adhikavàra) intercalary lunar
day; (a year with) an extra day (15th
of the seventh waning moon).
អធិកសុរទិនៈ (Adhikasuradina*) (K.)
intercalary solar day; (a year with) an
extra day (29 February).
អធិចិត្តសិកា្ខ (Adhicittasikkhà) training in
higher mentality; mental discipline.
អធិដ្ឋាន (Adhiååhàna) resolve; decision;
resolution; determination. v. to
determine (a robe or a bowl) for
regular personal use.
អធិបញា្ញ សិកា្ខ (Adhipaññàsikkhà) training
in higher wisdom.
អធិបេតយ្យ (Adhipateyya) 1. supremacy.
2. (K.) sovereignty.
អធិេមាក្ខ (Adhimokkha) determination;
resolution; conviction.
អធិសីលសិកា្ខ (Adhisìlasikkhà) training in
higher morality.
អនត្តតា (Anattatà) soullessness;
egoless-ness.
អនតា្ត (Anattà) adj. no-soul; soulless;
not-self. n. non-self; non-ego.
អនភិជ្ឈា (Anabhijjhà) non-
covetousness; nonavarice.
អនាគាមិផល (Anàgàmiphala) the Fruit of
Never-Returning; the Result of the
Non-Returner.
អនាគាមិមគ្គ (Anàgàmimagga) the Path អនុបាទិេសសនិពា្វន (Anupàdisesa-nibbàna)
of Never-Returning; the Path of the Nibbàna without any remainder of
Non-Returner. physical existence; Nibbàna without
អនាគាមី , ្រពះ (Anàgàmì) a Never- the Five Aggregates remaining.
Returner; Non-Returner; one who has អនុព្យញ្ជនៈ (Anubyañjana) subsidiary
attained the third stage of holiness. characteristics.
អនាគារិក (Anàgàrika) lit. a homeless អនុព្វីកថា (Anupubbikathà) a gradual
one; one who enters the homeless life instruction; graduated sermon;
without formally entering the regulated exposition of the ever more
Saægha. valued and sublime subjects.
អនិច្ច (Anicca) adj. impermanent; អនុេមាទនា (Anumodanà) 1. thanks-
transient. giving; chanting the holy stanzas of
អនិច្ចតា (Aniccatà) impermanence; blessings. 2. rejoice; approval;
transiency. appreciation; congratulation.
អនិដ្ឋារម្មណ៍ (Aniååhàrammaäa) អនុរក្ខនាបធាន (Anurakkhanàpadhàna)
unpleasant or unagreeable object. the effort to maintain or augment
អនិយតៈ (Aniyata) Indefinite Rules; arisen good.
undetermined offence. អនុេលាម (Anuloma) conforming; in
អនុគណ (Nigamasaæghàdhipati*) the proper order; in forward order.
Ecclesiastical District Officer. អនុវាទាធិករណ៍ (Anuvàdàdhikaraäa) legal
អនុចរ (Anucara) follower; attendant; questions concerning accusations.
companion; accompanier; retainer; អនុស័យ (Anusaya) latent dispositions;
retinue; entourage. underlying tendencies; (the seven)
អនុដីកា (Anuåìkà) a sub- Evil Inclinations or Biases.
subcommentary. អនុសាវនា (Anusàvanà) announcement;
អនុបញ្ញត្តិ (Anupaññatti) auxiliary proclamation.
regula-tion; supplementary rule; អនុសាវនាចារ្យ (Anusàvanàcariya) ordina-
additional rule. tion  proclaiming teacher; (Second)
អនុបសម្បន្ន (Anupasampanna) one who Ordination-Teacher.
has not yet received the full អនុសាសន៍ (Anusàsana) advice;
ordination; novices and the laity; instruction.
unordained one. អនុសាសនាចារ្យ (Anusàsanàcariya) a
អនុបាទិន្នក (Anupàdinnaka) adj. not chaplain; minister; religious or moral
grasped by craving or false view; instructor.
kammically ungrasped. អនុសាសនីបាដិហារ្យ (Anusàsanìpàåihàriya)
the miracle of teaching; the wonder

59
 worked by the instruction (of the
Dhamma).
អនុស្សតិ (Anussati) constant
mindfulness; (the ten) Reflections;
recollection.
អេនសនា (Anesanà) wrong way of
earning one’s living; improper
search; improper livelihood.
អន្តគាហិកទិដ្ឋិ (Antagàhikadiååhi) (the ten)
views taking extreme sides; the view
of the extremist; extremist view.
អន្តរវាសកៈ (Antaravàsaka) េមីល ស្បង់
អន្តា (Antà) extremes (the two
extremes).
អន្តិមវត្ថុ (Antimavatthu) an extreme
offence; ultimate or worst trans-
gression; Defeat; Pàràjika offence.
អេន្តវាសិក (Antevàsika) lit. one who lives
in; a monk who lives under his
teacher; a pupil; apprentice.
អបចាយនៈ (Apacàyana) reverence;
humility.
អបចាយនមយៈ (Apacàyanamaya) (merit)
to be gained through being humble or
respectful.
អបទាន (Apadàna) “Lives of Arahants”;
name of the thirteenth division of the
Khuddaka Nikàya.
អបរាបរិយេវទនីយកម្ម
(Aparàpariyavedanìya-kamma)
indefinitely effective kamma.
អបេលាកនៈ (Apalokana) v. to look
towards for approval; consult; obtain
an approval by consultation.
អបេលាកនកម្ម (Apalokanakamma) the
act of obtaining consent or
60
permission by consultation.
អបាយ (Apàya) state of loss and woe;
unhappy existence; sorrowful ways.
អបាយភូមិ (Apàyabhùmi) (the four)
planes of loss and woe; (the four)
states of misery; (the four) lower
worlds; unhappy existence.
អបាយមុខ (Apàyamukha) cause of ruin;
ways of squandering wealth; ruinous
ways of life; vicious ways of
conduct.
អប្បនាសមាធិ (Appanàsamàdhi) fixed
concentration; established concentra-
tion; full concentration; attainment-
concentration; absorption concentration.
អប្បមញា្ញ (Appamaññà) the Unbounded
States; the Illimitables.
អប្បមាទ (Appamàda) non-negligence;
heedfulness; zeal; diligence; earnest-
ness; carefulness.
អប្បិច្ឆតា (Appicchatà) paucity of
wishes; frugality; desiring little;
simplicity.
អពមង្គល (Avamaægala) bad luck; ill
omen; adj. unlucky; unauspicious; (K.)
funeral.
អព្យាកតៈ (Abyàkata; Avyàkata) adj.
indeterminate; neutral; unexplained.
អព្យាបាទ (Abyàpàda) non-hatred;
absence of ill-will; loving-kindness.
អេពា្វ ហារិក (Abbohàrika) insignificant;
negligible; ineffective.
អភិជ្ឈា (Abhijjhà) covetousness.
អភិញា្ញ (Abhiññà) (five or six kinds of)
Higher Knowledge; Superknowledges;
Supernormal Powers; higher psychic
 powers.
អភិធម្ម (Abhidhamma) the Higher
Doctrine; Further Dhamma; the
analytic doctrine of the Buddhist
Canon.
អភិធម្មបិដក (Abhidhammapiåaka) the
Abhidhamma Piåaka; the Basket of
the Higher Doctrine.
អភិេន្រស្កមណ៍ េមីល មហាភិេន្រស្កមណ៍
អភិបាលកិច្ចសង្ឍ
(Gàmasamùhasaæghàdhi-pati*) the
Ecclesiastical Commune Chief; Eccl.
Sub-District Head.
អភិសម័យ (Abhisamaya) attainment;
realization; penetration.
អភិសមាចារ (Abhisamàcàra) higher
training in proper conduct; higher
practice of the training; rules about
decent conduct; specialized or minor
precepts.
អភិសេមា្ព ធិ (Abhisambodhi) the supreme
enlightenment.
អមតៈ (Amata) the deathless state;
ambrosia; Nibbàna; immortal.
អមូឡ្ហ វិន័យ (Amùøhavinaya) verdict of
past insanity.
អេមាហៈ (Amoha) non-delusion;
wisdom; knowledge; undeludedness.
អេយានិេសាមនសិការ (Ayonisomanasikàra)
disorderly or distracted attention;
unsystematic attention; improper or
unwise consideration; lack of analytic
reflection.
អរញ្ញវាសី (Araññavàsì) one who dwells
in the forest; forest-dwelling monk;
the forest order.
61
អរហត្តផល (Arahattaphala) the Fruit of
the Worthy One; the final stage of
holiness; final freedom.
អរហត្តមគ្គ (Arahattamagga) the Path of
the Worthy One; the Path of
Arahatship.
អរហន្ត , ្រពះ (Arahanta) an Arahant;
Arahat; worthy one; the Holy One;
perfected one; one who has attained
Nibbàna.
អរហន្តឃាត (Arahantaghàta) the murder
of an Arahant.
អរិយ្រទព្យ (Ariyadhana) the sublime
treasure; noble treasure; noble
wealth.
អរិយបុគ្គល (Ariyapuggala) a noble
individual; noble one; holy person.
អរិយផល (Ariyaphala) the (four) Noble
Fruits; Fruits of the Holy Life.
អរិយមគ្គ (Ariyamagga) 1. the (four)
Noble Paths; Sublime Paths of the
Holy Life. 2. the Noble (Eightfold)
Path.
អរិយសច្ច (Ariyasacca) the Noble Truth;
(Cattàri Ariyasaccàni) the Four Noble
Truths; the Four Holy Truths.
អរូបជ្ឈាន (Arùpajhàna) the (four)
Absorptions of the Formless Sphere.
អរូបភព េមីល អរូបេលាក
អរូបរាគៈ (Arùparàga)desire for life in
the formless worlds; greed for the
formless; greed for immaterial
existence; attachment to formless
realms.
អរូបេលាក (Arùpaloka) the formless
world; the world of the formless; the
 Formless Realms; the Immaterial
Sphere.
អរូបាវចរ (Arùpàvacara) adj. belonging
to the Formless Plane.
អរូបាវចរភូមិ (Arùpàvacarabhùmi) the
Formless Plane; Formless Sphere;
Immaterial Sphere.
អលជ្ជី (Alajjì) shameless monk;
immoral monk.
អេលាភៈ (Alobha) non-greed; greedless-
ness; liberality; generosity.
អវិជ្ជា (Avijjà) ignorance; nescience;
lack of knowledge; delusion.
អវិេរាធនៈ (Avirodhana) non-
obstruction; non-opposition; non-
violation; non-deviation from the
Dhamma.
អវិហារ (Avahàra) action of stealing.
អវិហិង្សា េមីល អហិង្សា
អវីចី (Avìci) the Avìci Hell; the lowest
hell.
អសង្ខតធម៌ (Asaækhatadhamma) that
which is not conditioned by any
cause; the Unconditioned; Nibbàna.
អសេង្ខយ្យ (Asaækheyya) incalculable.
អសទិសទាន (Asadisadàna) Unparalleled
Gift; incomparable alms-giving.
អសុភ (Asubha) 1. ugly; loathsome. n.
អាកាស [ ធាតុ ] (Àkàsa) space.
អាកាសានញា្ច យតនៈ (Àkàsànañcàyatana)
the Sphere of Unbounded Space; the
Realm of Infinity of Space.
62
loathsomeness; impurity. 2. a corpse.
អសុរកាយ (Asurakàya) the plane of
Asura demons; demons.
អេសក្ខ (Asekha) one who does not
require any further training; an
Arahant; the adept.
អស្សាទៈ (Assàda) enjoyment; attraction;
satisfaction; gratification; advantage.
អស្សាសៈ (Assàsa) in-breathing;
inhalation.
អហង្ការ (Ahaçkàra) lit. the making of
the utterance “I”; egoity; egotism;
ego-consciousness; the concept of ‘I’;
‘I’-making; (K.) arrogance; haughti-
ness. េ្របៀបេធៀប មមង្ការ
អហិង្សា , អវិហិង្សា (Ahiçsà, Avihiçsà)
non-violence; non-harming;
inoffensive-ness; noninjury.
អេហតុកទិដ្ឋិ , ~វាទ (Ahetukadiååhi) lit.
the theory of causelessness; the
theory that there is no cause of a
phenomenon; doctrine of non-
causality.
អេហាសិកម្ម (Ahosikamma) defunct
kamma; an act or thought which has
no longer any potential force.
អាកិញ្ចញា្ញយតនៈ (Àkiñcaññàyatana) the
Sphere (or Realm) of Nothingness.
អាគន្តុកៈ (Àgantuka) a guest; new-
comer; stranger.
អាឃាត (Àghàta) malice; hatred;
revenge-fulness.
អាចារៈ (Àcàra) conduct; behaviour.
អាចារ្យ (Àcariya) a teacher; regular
instructor.
អាចិណ្ណកម្ម (Àciääakamma) habitual
kamma; habitual act.
អាជីវក (Àjìvaka) a kind of non-
Buddhist ascetics, mostly naked.
អាជីវបារិសុទ្ធសីល (Àjìvapàrisuddhisìla)
discipline as regards purity of
livelihood; Purity of Conduct
connected with Livelihood.
អាជ្ជវៈ (À jjava) honesty; integrity.
អាត្មន័ (Attà; Sanskrit: Àtman) the self;
soul.
អាទិកម្មិកៈ (Àdikammika) 1. name of the
first main division of the Vinaya
Piåaka. 2. the beginner; the first
transgressor; the first doer.
អាទិ្រពហ្មច រិយៈ (Àdibrahmacariya)
rudiments of the training in the Holy
Life; fundamentals of the Sublime
Life; fundamental or major precepts.
អាទីនវៈ (Àdìnava) disadvantage; peril;
defect; danger.
អាេទសនាបាដិហារ្យ (Àdesanàpàåihàriya)
marvellous ability of mind-reading or
guessing other people’s character;
marvel of thoughtreading.
អានាបានស្សតិ (Ànàpànasati) mindfulness
on breathing; mindfulness regarding
breathing.
អានិសង្ស (Ànisaçsa) profit; merit; good
result; advantage.
63
អាបតា្ត ធិករណ៍ (Àpattàdhikaraäa) legal
questions concerning offences; legal
processes concerning committed
offences, the awarding of them and
the atonement for them.
អាបត្តិ (Àpatti) an ecclesiastical
offence; offence.
អាេបាធាតុ (Àpodhàtu) lit. the liquid
element; water; cohesion; the element
of cohesion.
អាមិស (Àmisa) food; flesh; materiality;
material things. adj. material;
physical; carnal.
អាមិសទាន (Àmisadàna) donation of
requisites (i.e. food, lodging, etc.);
material gifts.
អាយតនៈ (Àyatana) the Twelve
Spheres; the Twelve Bases; bases.
ខាងក្នុង : sense-organs; the (six)
senses; sense-bases; sense-fields.
ខាងេ្រកៅ : sense-objects and mind-
object.
អាយុ (Àyu) 1. age; life-span. 2.
longevity; long life.
អាយុសង្ខារ (Àyusaækhàra) constituents
of life; vital principle. េមីល
ដាក់អាយុសង្ខារ
អារក្ខសម្បទា (Àrakkhasampadà) the
achieve-ment of protection; to be
endowed with wariness or
watchfulness.
អារម្មណ៍ (Àrammaäa) sense-objects; an
object of consciousness.
អារាមិកៈ (Àràmika) monastery-
attendant.
អាសនៈសង្ឃ (Saæghàsana*) monks’ seat;
dais or raised platform for monks.
អាសន្នកកម្ម (Àsannakamma) death-
proximate kamma; a kamma done
immediately before death; proximate
kamma.
អាសវៈ (Àsàva) mental intoxication or
defilement; worldly influxes;
accumulation; outflows; corruption;
canker; taint; pollution.
អាសវក្ខយញា្ញ ណ (Àsavakkhayañàäa) the
knowledge of the cessation of mental
intoxication; knowledge of the
destruction of cankers; knowledge
that the outflows are extinct.
អាសាឡ្ហបូជា (Àsàøhapùjà) worship on the
full-moon day of the Àsàøha month
(the eighth lunar month) in
commemoration of the First Sermon
and the foundation of the Buddhist
order.
ឥ
ឥចា្ឆ (Icchà) 1. desire. 2. (K.) េមីល ឥស្សា
ឥតិវុតក្ត (Itivuttaka) “Thus said”
Discour-ses; name of the fourth
division of the Khuddaka Nikàya.
ឥទ្ធិ (Iddhi) success; supernormal
power; psychic power; magical
power.
ិ ដិហារ្យ (Iddhipàåihàriya) a wonder
ឥទ្ធបា
of psychic power; marvel; miracle.
ឥទ្ធបាិ ទ (Iddhipàda) the Four Paths of
Accomplishment; Means of Accom-
plishment; the means of accomplish-
ing one’s own end or purpose; the
64
អាហារ (Àhàra) food; nutriment.
អ្នកេទសនា េមីល ធម្មកថិក
អ្នកបួស១ (Pabbajita) a religious; priest;
monk.
អ្នកបួស២ (Yati, Vatavantu) one who
takes up a religious practice or
observes a religious vow; ascetic;
recluse; hermit.
អ្នក្របកបេដាយធម៌ (Dhammika*) one
learned in the Doctrine; Doctrine-
knower; one who has passed the
examination of any of the three
grades of Dhamma-study; eccl.
graduate of Dhamma studies;
Dhamma graduate; Dhamma scholar.
អ្នកសូ្រត (Dhammagàyaka*) a chanter.
four Roads to Power; basis for
success.
ឥទ្ធិ វិធី (Iddhividhi) psychic powers;
different psychic powers; various
magical powers.
ឥ្រន្ទយ
ិ សំវរសីល (Indriyasaçvarasìla)
discipline as regards sense-restraint;
Sense-Restraint; purity of conduct
consisting in the restraint of the
senses.
ី ៍ (Indriya) 1. the sense-faculties;
ឥ្រន្ទយ
the sense-forces. 2. spiritual faculties;
faculties.
ឥរិយាបថ (Iriyàpatha) deportment; ឥស្សា (Issà) envy; jealousy.
posture.
ឥសី (Isi) an ascetic; sage; seer.
ឧ
ឧេក្ខបនីយកម្ម (Ukkhepanìyakamma) a Buddha image.
the formal act of suspension; ឧទ្ធច្ច (Uddhacca) restlessness; unrest;
ostracism. distraction; flurry.
ឧគ្គហនិមិត្ត (Uggahanimitta)
mental ឧទ្ធច្ចកុក្កុច្ច (Uddhaccakukkucca) restless-
image; learning sign; sign to be ness and worry; flurry and worry;
grasped. restlessness and anxiety.
ឧេច្ឆទទិដ្ឋិ (Ucchedadiååhi) ឧបក្កេិ លស (Upakkilesa) impurity; defile-
annihilationism; the doctrine of the ment.
annihilation (of the soul); belief in ឧបឃាតកកម្ម (Upaghàtakakamma)
the annihilation of the soul. destruc-tive kamma.
ឧដ្ឋានសម្បទា (Uååhànasampadà) the ឧបចារ (Upacàra) neighbourhood;
achievement of persistent effort. surround-ing area.
ឧតុនិយាម (Utuniyàma) physical ឧបចារសមាធិ (Upacàrasamàdhi)
inorganic order; physical laws. proximate concentration; approaching
ឧត្តរាសង្គៈ (Uttaràsaæga) the upper robe. concentra-tion; neighbourhood-
ឧត្ត រិមនុស្សធម្ម (Uttarimanussadhamma) concentration; access-concentration.
superhuman state; extraordinary ឧបជ្ឈាយ៍ (Upajjhàya) a spiritual
attainment. teacher; preceptor.
ឧទាន (Udàna) an utterance; a paean; ឧបដ្ឋាក (Upaååhàka) attendant; lay sup-
“Paeans of Joy”; the Solemn porter.
Utterances of the Buddha; name of ឧបត្ថម្ភកកម្ម (Upatthambhakakamma)
the third division of the Khuddaka supportive kamma.
Nikàya. ឧបនាហៈ (Upanàha) ill-will; grudge;
ឧទ្ទិសកុសល , ការ (Pattidàna,
enmity.
Dakkhiäàdisana) dedication or ឧបបជ្ជេវទនីយកម្ម (Upapajjavedanìyakam-
transference of merit; radiation of
merit. ma) subsequently effective kamma;
kamma ripening in the next life.
ឧេទ្ទសកេចតីយ៍ (Uddesikacetiya) shrine ឧបបីឡកកម្ម (Upapìøakakamma) obstruc-
by dedication; memorial object of
worship referring to the Buddha, i.e. tive kamma; counteractive kamma.
ឧបមា (Upamà) simile; parable.
65
ឧបសម្បទា (Upasampadà) full (or
higher) ordination; taking up the
Bhikkhu-ship; Full Admission to the
Saægha; Ordination Ceremony. v. to
be ordained; enter the monkhood;
join the Order.
ឧបសម្បន្ន (Upasampanna) the ordained;
a Bhikkhu or Bhikkhunì.
ឧបាទាន (Upàdàna) attachment;
clinging; grasping.
ឧបាទានក្ខន្ធ (Upàdànakkhandha)
aggregate (as object) of clinging.
ឧបាទាយរូប (Upàdàyarùpa) the
Derivatives; derivative or secondary
material properties dependent on the
Four Great Essentials; material
qualities derived from the Four Great
Essentials; derivative matter.
ឧបាទិន្នកៈ (Upàdinnaka) lit. grasped by
craving and false view; kammically
acquired; kammically grasped.
ឧបាយ (Upàya) means; method;
resource; expedient.
ឧបាយាស (Upàyàsa) despair.
ឧបាសក (Upàsaka) lit. one who comes or
sits near; a lay devotee; a devout or
ឫ
ឫទ្ធិ េមីល ឥទ្ធិ
ឯ
ឯកគ្គតា (Ekaggatà) one-pointedness
(of mind); mental one-pointedness;
concentration.
66
faithful layman; lay Buddhist.
ឧបាសិកា (Upàsikà) a female devotee; a
female lay follower.
ឧេបកា្ខ (Upekkhà) 1. equanimity; even-
mindedness; neutrality; poise. 2.
indifference; neutral feeling; neither
pleasurable nor painful feeling.
ឧេបាសថ (Uposatha) 1. observance; the
observance of the Eight Precepts. 2.
biweekly recitation of the Vinaya
rules by a chapter of Buddhist
monks; the days for special meetings
of the order, and for recitation of the
Pàåimokkha. 3. the Uposatha hall;
consecrated assembly hall.
ឧេបាសថសីល (Uposathasìla) the Eight
Precepts observed by lay devotees on
Uposatha days.
ឧប្បាទៈ (Uppàda) arising; genesis.
ឧេព្វគាបីតិ (Ubbegàpìti; Ubbeægàpìti)
uplifting joy; thrilling emotion.
ឫស្យា េមីល ឥស្សា
ឯតទគ្គ (Etadagga) foremost; first or
best of that class or type.
 ឱ
ឱក្កន្តិកាបីតិ (Okkantikàpìti) oscillating ឱវាទ (Ovàda) admonition; exhortation;
interest; showering joy. advice.
ឱជា (Ojà) nutritive essence; nutriment. ឱវាទបាដិេមាក្ខ(Ovàdapàåimokkha) the
ឱត្តប្ប (Ottappa) moral fear; moral Principal Teaching; the Fundamental
dread. Teaching; exhortatory Pàåimokkha.
ឱបបាតិកៈ (Opapàtika) creatures having
spontaneous births.

67
 ភាគ ៣
វចននុ កមពុទធ សន
អង់េគ្លស - ែខ្មរ

Part III
English - Khmer
Buddhist Dictionary
 A
abandoning; abandonment bhan³, adaptability kmμØta

caK³, ¬karlHbg;, kare)Hbg;¦ adept Geskç

abiding vihar ¬Fm’¦ adherence to habits and practices

sIlBVtbramas³
abode PB, esnasn³, Galy³,
adherent sasnik
vihar
adjustment Tm³
absolute sense brmtß
admonition »vaT
absolute truth brmtßsc©
adultery kaemsumc
i äacar
absorption Qan, Gb/na
advantage GanisgÇ
abstention evrmNI. v. to abstain.
adverting GavC¢³
abstinence virti
advice »vaT
access concentration «bcarsmaFi
aeon kb/, kl/
accessory brivar, brivar ¬rbs;rbr¦
affliction BüaFi
accompanied by shKt³
age v½y
accomplishment, basis of \T§i)T
ageing Cra
achievement sm/Ta
aggregate xn§
acquisition laP
agility lhuta
act kmμ
agitation «T§c©
act, formal sgÇkmμ
agreeable \dæ ¬tamR)fña¦
action kmμ, kmμnþ

1
agreement smμti ¬karyl;RBmrYmKña Arahatship Grhtþ, Grhtþpl

dak;tYnaTIEtgtaMg¦ ardour tb³, Gatb³, esckþIBüa-

aim Gtß yamdutkMedAkiels

allowable adj. kb/iy³ arising «b/aT, «b/tþi

alms, alms food Pikça, Tan, Tanvtßú, ariyan Griy³

biNÐ)t arrogance GtimanH

alms-bowl )Rt ascetic \sI, tabs, Gñk«TÞis,

alms-gathering biNÐ)t, karedIr GñkbYs

biNÐ)t ascetic practices tb³, FutgÁ

alms resort eKacr ¬TIedIreTA biNÐ- aspect Gakar³

)t, TIrkGahar¦ assembly sPa, bris½T ¬=brisa -

almsround karedIrbiNÐ)t TIRbCuMCn¦

alteration vibriNam associated with sm/yutþ

analysis viPgÁ, vinieBÖaK association sm/eyaK, esvna

analytic insight bdismÖiTa assuming «)Tan

anger ekaF³, esckþIeRkaF attachment «)Tan

annihilationism «ecäTvaT, «ecäTTidæi attainment GPism½y ¬karseRmc¦,

anxiety «T§c©kukáúc© smabtþi

appreciation Cvn³ attainment concentration Gb/na-

arahant; Arahant RBHGrhnþ smaFi

2
attendance «bdæan ¬karTMnukbRmug, authority GaCJa, \sSriy³

karbeRmI, karBüa)l¦ avarice mcäriy³

attendant «bdæak aversion bdiX³, Garti

attention mnsikar avoidance virti, sMvr

attentiveness karmansti Awakened One, the RBHBuT§

audible object sTÞarmμN_, sTÞ Awakening GPisem<aFi

austere practices FutgÁ awareness sm/CØ

austerities tb³

B
bad )b. emIl evil. benefaction Tan, Gtßcriya

bad company )bshayta ¬esckþI benefactor Tayk

manmitþGaRkk;¦ benefit GanisgS, Gtß

balanced life; balanced livelihood benevolence Gtßcriya
smCIvita
besotting drink mC¢
banishment bBVaCnIykmμ
birth Cati
basis of mindfulness stib/dæan
birth story Catk
basis for success \T§i)T
blameless action GnvC¢kmμ ¬kmμmin
becoming PB, Pv³
maneTas, kareFVIR)scakeTasmin
being stV
manxesAhμg EtmanRbeyaCn_¦
belief in a Soul of Self skáayTidæi

3
Blessed One, the PKva ¬RBHd¾man border district bc©nþCnbT

RBHPaK¦ boundary sIma

blessing Br, mgÁl, GnuemaTna, bourn Kti

GanisgS bowl emIl alms-bowl.

bliss sux Brahma-farer RBhμcarI

Bodhisatta, Bodhisattva RBHeBaFi- Brahma-faring RBhμcriy³

stV Brahmin, brahman RBahμN_

bodily, adj. kayik ¬pøÚvkay¦ breathing in GsSas³ ¬kardkdegðIm

bodily action kaykmμ cUl¦ (=in-breathing.)

bodily avenue kayTVar breathing out bsSas³ ¬kardkdegðIm

bodily formation; bodily functions ecj¦ (=out-breathing.)
kaysgçar
Buddha, the RBHBuT§
bodily good conduct kaysucrit
Buddhism RBHBuT§sasna
bodily happiness kayiksux
Buddhist BuT§sasnik
bodily misconduct kayTuc©rit
buoyancy lhuta ¬karRbRBwtþieTA
bodily pain kayikTukç
y:agqab;rh½sniggayRsYl¦
body kay
burden Fur³, Par³
bond eyaK³

boon Br

4
 C
calm smf³ chapter of monks KN³ ¬kñúgvin½y¦

Calmed One, the RBHmunI character crit

canker Gasv³ characteristic lkçN³

canon bidk, Km<Ir charity Tan, caK³

carelessness bmaT³, esckþIRbmaT clairaudience TiBVesat

carnalities Gamis clairvoyance TiBVckçú

caste vNѳ clan eKaRt, RtkUl

category xn§ clansman kulbuRt

casual occasion zan classification sgÁh³

cause ehtu clear comprehension sm/CØ

Cause of Suffering TukçsmuTy³, clinging «)Tan

smuT½y coefficients emIl mental coeffi-

cemetery TIsμsan cients.

cognizance citþ
cessation nieraF
cognizable object FmμarmμN_
Cessation of Suffering TukçnieraF,
cohesion, the element of Gae)Fatu
nieraF
Collection nikay ¬énKm<Ir¦
change vibriNam
comfort pasuk
change-of-lineage eKaRtPU
commentary Gdækfa
chanting karsURFmnþ v. to chant.

5
common characteristics samØ- conduct Gacar³, criya, crN³,

lkçN³ smacar

community sgÇ confession ¬Gabtþi¦ eTsna ¬kar

companion shay sEmþgGabtþ¦i v. to confess.

compassion kruNa, Gnukm/a. adj. confidence sT§a, bsaT³

compassionate. conformity Gnuelam
compounded things sgçar,
conquest C½y, viC½y
sgçtFm’
conquest by piety FmμviC½y
comprehension sm/CØ, briØa
conscience hiri
conceit manH
conscientious, adj. lC¢I, manhiri-
concentration smaFi
»tþb/
concentration development smaFi
consciousness viØaN
Pavna, smfPavna
consequence vi)k
concept bØtþi
consideration mnsikar
conception bdisn§i
constituent GgÁ
concord samKÁI
contact psS
condition bc©½y
contemplation GnubsSna, GnusSti
conditioned genesis bdic©smub/aT
contemplation of the body kayanu-
conditioned things sgçar, sgçtFm’
bsSna

6
contemplation of the feelings evTna- Council sgÁayna, sgÁIti

nubsSna counterpart bdiPaK

contemplation of the mind citþanu- couplet Tuk³ ¬BYkBIr¦

bsSna course of action kmμbf

contemplation of the mind-objects courteous speech; courtesy biyvaca
FmμanubsSna
covetousness GPiCÄa
contempt mkç, GtimanH
craving tNða
content; contentment senþas, snþúdæI
craving for annihilation viPvtNða
continuity snþti, snþan
craving for existence PvtNða
control of the senses \®nÞiysMvr³
craving for non-existence viPvtNða
controlling faculty \®nÞIy_ craving for sensual pleasures
conventional truth smμtisc© kamtNða

conversion Gavdþ, Gavdþna, karbþÚr cremation Qabnkic©

citþeBleTsna crematorium Qabndæan

co-religionist shFmμik cruelty vihigSa

corporeality rUb, rUbFm’ culture emIl mind culture

corruption sgáiels, «bkiels, curds TFi

Gasv³

D
danger Gnþray, GaTInv³ death mrN³, mc©ú, cuti

7
deathless, adj. Gmt³ denigration mkç ¬kiriyalubKuN¦

debauchery \tßIFutþta ¬esckþICaGñk dependence nisS½y ¬kñúgvin½y¦

elgRsI¦ dependent origination bdic©smub/aT

decad Tsk³ ¬BYkdb;¦ deportment \riyabf

decay Cra, Crta derivative matter «)TayrUb

decease cuti derived materiality «)Tay rUb

deceit maya description bØtþi

decision of the majority eyPuyü- designation GFivcn³

sita desire qnÞ³, kam, tNða, \cäa

decline braPv³ ¬esckþIvinas¦ ¬esckþIR)fña¦

deed kmμ despair «)yas

defeat, offence involving Gabtþi destination Kti

)raCik destruction Büsn³, hayn³, vinas,

defilement kiels bhan³, xy³

definition vvtßan destruction of life )Nati)t

deliverance vimutþi, viemakç detachment viraK³

delusion emah³ detraction mkç

demeritorious action )bkmμ development Pavna

demon Gsur, ykS devotee, lay «)sk

demonstration nieTÞs

8
Dhamma; Dharma, the RBHFm’, Fmμ, disquisition Fmμbriyay

Fm’ dissension esckþIravrk, (in the

diligence Gb/maT, «dæan order) sgÇraCI

direct knowledge GPiØa distraction «T§c©, viekçb ¬esckþIray

disappearance cuti, GnþrFan may¦

discernment vickçNa diversification bbBa©

disciple sav½k divine TiBV, RBhμ

discipline vin½y divine abiding RBhμvihar. emIl

discontent Grti, GnPirti ¬esckþI sublime states.

divine ear TiBVesat
mineRtkGr¦
divine eye TiBVckçú
discovery BuT§i, eBaFi
divine life RBhμcN’, RBhμcriy³,
discrimination bdismÖiTa
RBhμcarü. emIl holy life.
discursive thinking vicar
doctrine Fm’, RBHFm’, )vcn³
discussion sakcäa
domain vis½y, PB
disease eraK, BüaFi
domineering blas
disparaging blas ¬sPav³eTAR)s
donation Tan, karbric©aK
edayxül; «³ søwkeQI, cMebuIg¦
donor Tayk
dispassion niBViTa
door TVar
dispensation sasnFm’, RBHsasna
doubt vick
i c
i äa, kgça
dispute vivaT

9
downfall braPv³ ¬esckþIvinas¦, duties of the King; duties of the
ruler raCFm’
G)y
duty kic©, vtþ
drowsiness miT§
dwelling vihar ¬TIenA¦
drunkenness suraFutþta ¬esckþICa
dwelling in the favourable place
Gñkelgsura¦ bdirUbeTsvas
dulness, dullness emah³ dyad Tuk³ ¬BYkBIr¦

E
ear esat³ embodiment view skáayTidæi

earnestness Gb/maT, Gatab³ embryo kll³, KBÖ

¬esckþIBüayam¦ emergence vudæan

earth bzvI, bzvIFatu. emIl emptiness suØta

extension end Gnþ
ease sux
endeavour bFan, viriy³, vayam³
effort viriy³, vayam³, esckþIBüayam
endurance xnþI, GPivasn³
ego Gtþa, Gatμ½n
energy viriy³
elasticity muTuta
enjoyment briePaK ¬esay, eRbI
elder efr
CamYysm/tþi esckþIsux CaedIm¦,
element Fatu, mhaPUt, GgÁ
GsSaT³
elements of enlightenment eBaCÄgÁ
Enlightenment One, the RBHBuT§

10
enlightenment eBaFi, GPisem<aFi Exalted One, the PKva ¬RBHd¾man

enlightenment factor eBaCÄgÁ RBHPaK¦

enlightenment states eBaFibkçy

i Fm’ exertion bFan³, vayam³

ennead nvk³ ¬BYkR)MbYn¦ exhaustion xy³ ¬esckþIvinas¦

enthusiasm bIti exhortation »vaT

envy \sSa, esckþIb£sSa existence PB

eon kb/, kl/ experience evTyit

equality smantþta exposition nieTÞs, vNÑna

equanimity «ebkça ¬kartaMgcitþCa extension, the element of bzvIFatu

kNþal¦ onlooking-equanimity. extinction nieraF

equipment brikçar Extinction of Impurities kiels

eradication smuecäT, bhan³ briniBVan ¬=s«)TiessniBVan¦

escape nisSrN³ Extinction of Suffering TukçnieraF,

essential of existence «bFi nieraF

eternalism; eternity-view ssSt- Extinction of the Five-Khandha-

process xn§briniBVan ¬=Gnu)Ti-
vaT, ssStTidæi
essniBVan¦
eunuch beNÐak
extreme Gnþ ¬TIbMput, esckþIcUlcitþ
even-mindedness «ebkça
b¤ RbRBwtþienOylM)k¦
evil )b

Evil One, the mar

11
expiration, offence of Gabtþi- eye ckçú

)citþy³

F
factor GgÁ fetter sMeyaCn³, seØaCn_

faculty \®nÞIy_ final knowledge GØa

fading away of craving tNðakS½y, fine-material sphere rUbPB, rUb-

tNðakçy elak

fading of lust viraK³ firmness Fiti ¬esckþIBüayam¦

failure vibtþi Five Precept, the bBa©sIl

faith sT§a. emIl confidence fixation «)Tan

falseness; falsity micätþ flavour rs

false speech musavaT flood »X³

false views micäaTidæi fluid element Gae)Fatu. emIl

fame ys, kitþis½BÞ cohesion.

flurry and worry «T§c©kukáúc©
favourable, adj. sb/ay
follower sav½k, sasnik
fear P½y
fool Bal, mnusSBal
fear of blame «tþb/
foolish man emaXburs
feeling evTna
forbearance tItikça, xnþI
femininity \tßIPav³, \tßi®nÞIy_
forest-dweller GrØvasI

12
forfeiture, offence of expiation fraud saefyü
involving Gabtþn
i s
i SKÁiy)citþiy³
freedom vimutþi
form rUb
friend mitþ, miRt
formal act sgÇkmμ
friendliness emtþa
formal meeting of the order,
offence entailing a GabtþisgÇa- frivolous talk smöb/lab³

Tiess fruit; fruition pl, vi)k

Fully Enlightenment One, the
formations sgçar
RBHsmμasm<úT§
former action buBVkrN³
full moon; full moon day buNÑmI,
former exhibition bueBVnivas
bUrN_mI, eBjvg;
formless GrUb
function kic©, rs
forward order Gnuelam
functional consciousness kiriyacitþ
foundation of mindfulness sti-
fundamental precepts )tiemakç
b/dæan
fundamentals of mindfulness sti-
fragrant, adj. suKn§
b/dæan
Fragrant Cell, the RBHKn§kudi

G
gain laP gentleness mTÞv³

gambling karelgEl/gPñal; gesture kayviØtþi

generosity caK³, Tan ghee sb/i

13
ghost eRbt Great Man mhaburs

gift Tan, Tanvtßú Great Renunciation, the mha

giving Tan Pien®sámN_

giving up caK³, bric©aK Great Vehicle mhayan

goal Gtß, brieyasan greed elaP³

god eTv³, eTB, eTvta greediness mhicäta ¬esckþIelaP

going forth (from home) bBVC¢a cg;)neRcIn¦

good, n. Gtß. adj. klüaN, buØ grief eTamnsS, esak

good company klüaNmitþta group-meal KnePaCn

gossip smöb/lab³ Groups of Existence, the Five xn§5

grasping «)Tan growth «bc©y³

grateful, adj. ktØÚ grudging «bnah³

gratefulness ktØúta, ktØÚktevTita guidance nisS½y ¬kñúgvin½y¦

gratification GsSaT³ guide srN³, entþi

gratitude ktØúta, ktØÚktevTita guiding out vin½y

grave offence Gabtþifuløc½y

© guile kuhna

great entity mhaPUt

H
halo bPa happiness sux

14
harmlessness GhwgSa hereafter brelak, sm/ray³

harmony samKÁI heresy titßaytn³ ¬kMBg;Twk, lT§i

harsh speech prusvaca dUcCaTwk¦

hate eTas³ heritage TayC¢ ¬esckþICaTayaT,

hatred eTas³, evr mt’k¦

health GeraKü ¬esckþIsb/ay, Kμan hermit enlightened one bec©kBuT§

eraK¦, kløta hexad qká³ ¬BYkR)MmYy¦

hearer sav½k. emIl disciple. higher knowledge emIl super

heart hTy³ knowledge.

higher mentality GFicitþ
heating element eteCaFatu
higher morality GFisIl
heaven sKÁ, sYK’
higher thought GFicitþ
heavenly abiding TiBVvihar
higher wisdom GFibØa
heavenly being eTBþa, eTvta
hindrance nIvrN³
heavenly ear TiBVesat
holy life RBhμcN’, RBhμcriy³,
heavenly eye TiBVckçú
RBhμcarü
heedfulness bmaT, esckþIRbmaT
holy men smNRBahμN_
hell niry³, nrk
holy one RBHGriy³, RBHGrhnþ
help sgÁh³
homage nm³, nmkáar, bUCa
heptad stþk³ ¬BYkR)MBIr¦
homeless one GnaKarik
here and now TidæFm’

15
homeless life GnaKariy³, CIvit house-life; household life Xravas,

GnaKarik CIvitRKhsß

honesty GaC¢v³ human being mnusS

honour skáar³, bUCa humility nivat³. ¬karbnÞabxøÜn¦ adj.

hostile action evr humble.

hut kudI
householder KhbtI, RKhsß
hypocrisy saefyü ¬Pav³énbuKÁl

GYtGag¦

I
ideation sØa. emIl perception. immaterial sphere GrUbPB,

idleness ekasC¢ GrUbelak

ignoble, adj. Gnriy³, Gnarü immoral, adj. )b, Gkusl

ignorance GviC¢a immortal, adj. Gmt³

illimitables Gb/mØa impartiality smantþta

illumination »Pas impediment blieBaF, kiBa©n³

illusion bemah³, maya impermanence Gnic©ta

ill-will Büa)T impermanent, adj. Gnic©, Gnic©M

image bdima. emIl mental image imperturbability GaenBa¢a, GenBa¢a

I-making Ghgáar impulsion Cvn³, Cv½n

immaterial, adj. GrUb impurity kiels, ml³, mnÞil

16
in-and-out-breathing Gna)n³, inner sense-sphere GCÄtþikaytn³

GsSasbsas³ ¬Gaytn³xagkñúg¦

incantation mnþ initial application vitká

incense stick FUb inquiry vimMsa ¬R)CJa¦, bribucäa ¬kar

inclination GCÄas½y, GFimutþi saksYr¦

independent, adj. GnisSit insight jaN, TsSn³

indeterminate, adj. GBüakt³ insight development vibsSnaPavna

indifferent feeling «ebkçaevTna, insight into the heart of others

brcitþviC¢a, ecetabriyØaN
GTukçmsux
insistence GPinievs
individual buKÁl
instigated, adj. ssgçarik
individuality GtþPav³, GtþPaB
instruction GnusasnI, sasn³
indolence ekasC¢
integrity GavC¢
industry GnsSta, «dæan ¬esckþI
intention sgáb/, GFib/ay, ectna
eRkakeLIg¦
intimation viØtþi
inertia bzvIFatu
intoxicant mC¢, suraemr½y
infinite, adj. Gnnþ
intoxicant, mental Gasv³
infinity of consciousness viØaN-
intrepidity evsarC¢
Ba©aytn³
investigation vic½y, snþIrN³,
infinity of space GakasanBa©aytn³
vielakn³
inheritance TayC¢. emIl heritage

17
investigation of the Doctrine issuer of meals PtþúeTÞsk ¬Gñkcat;
Fmμvic½y
EcgnUvPtþ¦
invitation karnimnþ, GaraFna, bvarNa

J
jealous \sSa, esckþIb£sSa joy esamnsS, ¬ectsik¦ sux, bIti,

jewel rtn³ ¬kñúg {rtnRt½y{¦ muTita. emIl sympathetic joy.

K
Kamma; Karma kmμ kinsman jati

Karmically acquired, adj. «)Tinñk³, knowable things ejyüFm’

kmμC¢ knowing and seeing jaNTsSn³

killing )Nati)t knowledge jaN, viC¢a

kindly speech biyvaca

L
laity, the RKhsß, GñkenARKb;RKgpÞH lay disciple «)sk, RKhsß sav½k

lamentation brieTv³ ¬yM, xSwkxSÜl¦ lay follower «)sk, BuT§sasnik

latent bias Gnus½y EpñkRKhsß

latent tendency Gnus½y laying down karbØtþi ¬sikçabT¦ v.

Law, the RBHFm’ to lay down

layman RKhsß
lay devotee «)sk

18
laziness ekasC¢, Galsiy³ living in befitting places bdirUb-

learner eskç eTsvas

learning sut³ living within one’s means smCIvita

legal question GFikrN_ loathsome, adj. bdikUl. n.

Lesser Vehicle hInyan loathsomeness
lodgings esnasn³
lethargy fIn³
longing \cäa ¬esckþIR)fña/cg;, kar
lethargy and drowsiness fInmiT§
b:unb:g¦
letter Gkçr³, BüBa¢n³
love ebm³, ebrm³ ¬esckþIRsLaj;¦
liberality Tan, caK³
loving-kindness emtþa
liberation viemakç, vimutþi
lunar, adj. xagcnÞKti
life-faculty Civt
i ®i nÞIy_
lunar calendar RbtiTn
i cnÞKti
life-principle CIv³, CIviti®nÞIy_
lust raK³
life-span Gayu, CIvkal, Cnμkal,
lusting wish qnÞraK³
Gayukb/
lying; lying speech emIl false
lightness lhuta
speech.
liquor sura

livelihood GaCIv³

M
magical power \T§i)diharü Mahayana mhayan ¬nikayRBHBuT§

19
 sasna¦ material worship GamisbUCa

maintaining; maintenance Gnurkçna matricide matuXat

malice GaXat ¬esckþIxwg, KMnuM¦ matrix matika

malicious speech bisuNavaca, matted-hair ascetic Cdil

ebsuØvaT matter rUb

malleability muTuta maturity bri)k ¬kiriyacas;CuMvij,

management viFan, sMviFan kiriyaTuM¦

manifestation bc©úb/dæan meal Ptþ, ePaCn

manner briyay, Gakar³ mealtime Ptþkal

marvel )diharü meaning Gtß

masculinity burisPav³, burisi®nÞIy_ meanness mcäriy³

mass smUh³, Xn³ ¬duM¦ means «)y, viFI, beyaK

Master, the RBHsasþa, RBHbrm medicine ePsC¢

sasþa meditation Qan, Pavna

mastery vsI ¬Gñkman\®nÞIy_sRgÜm meditator QayI, GñkbMeBj Qan,

ehIy, GñkbYs¦ GñkceRmInPavna

material gifts GamisTan meekness esavcsSta ¬PaBén

material happiness samissux buKÁl KWeKRbedAgay¦

material qualities rUbFm’, rUb mental, adj. ectsik ¬xagcitþ¦

material things Gamis mental action menakmμ

20
mental activities ectsik merit buØ, buNü

mental adjuncts ectsik meritorious action buØkmμ

mental avenue menaTVar message RBHFm’, BakübeRgon

mental body namkay ¬kg/BYkén Middle Path, the mCÄima bdibTa

namFm’¦ mind citþ, mena, nam

mental coefficients ectsik mind culture Pavna

mental concomitants ectsik mindfulness sti

mental factors ectsik mindfulness on breathing Gana)-

mental formation; mental functions nsSti
menasgçar, citþsgçar
mind object emIl mental object.
mental formations sgçar ¬én xn§5¦
miracle )diharü
mental good conduct menasucrit misappreciation of virtue and duty
mental happiness ectsiksux sIlBVtbramas

mental image nimitþ misconduct Tuc©rit, micäacar

mentality nam, namFm’, ectsik miserliness mcäriy³

mental misconduct menaTuc©rit misery Tukç adj. miserable manTukç,

mental object FmμarmμN_ CaTukç

mental pain ectsikTukç mode Gakar

mental quality ectsik moderation mtþØúta. (~ in eating =

mercy Tya, GnuT½y ePaCenmtþØúta

21
moment xN³ moral dread »tþb/

momentary concentration xNik- moral failure sIlvibtþi

smaFi moral habit sIl

momentary joy xNikabIti morality sIl

monastery vtþ, Garam, vihar moral shame hiri

monastic life RBhμcarü, CIvitsmN³ mortal mc© ¬GñkEtgsøab;= stV¦

monk Pikçú, smN³ motion jtþi, jti; vaeyaFatu

monument fUb, sfUb, ectiy mundane, adj. elakiy

moral achievement sIlsm/tþi, my-making mmgáar³

sIlsm/Ta

N
naked ascetic Geclk neither perception nor non-
perception, sphere of envsØa
name nam
nasØaytn³
name and form namrUb
neutrality, specific tRtmCÄtþta
natural virtue bktisIl
newly ordained monk nvkPikçú
negligence bmaT³, esckþIRbmaT
neighbourhood concentration next life; next world bunCati,

«bcarsmaFi bunPB, CatieRkay, brelak

neither-pain-nor-pleasure GTukçm- Nibbāna, Nirvāäa niBVan

sux, «ebkçaevTna

22
Nibbāna without any remainder of non-hate; non-hatred GeTas³,
existence Gnu)TiessniBVan
GBüa)T
Nibbāna with remainder of
existence s«)TiessniBVan non-ill-will GBüa)T

niggardliness mcäriy³ non-injury GhwgSa

nihilism mtßikvaT, mtßikTidæi non-obstruction GvieraFn³

noble, adj. Griy³, Garü non-opposition GvieraFn³

noble disciple Griysav½k non-returner GnaKamI

noble discipline Griyvin½y non-returning, fruition of GnaKami-

Noble Eightfold Path, the Griy pl

GdægÁikmKÁ, GarüGdægÁikmKÁ non-returning, path of GnaKamimKÁ

noble one GriybuKÁl non-self; non-soul Gntþa

noble treasure GriyRTBü non-violence GhwgSa, GvihwgSa

Noble Truth, the Four Griysc©4, norm Fm’

cturariysc© nose Xan³

noble wealth GriyRTBü nothingness, sphere of GakiBa©-

non-covetousness GnPiCÄa Øaytn³

non-cruelty GvihwgSa not-self, adj. Gntþa

non-delusion Gemah³ novice sameNr

non-greed GelaP³ novitiate sameNr, nvk³

nun PikçúnI

23
nutrients; nutriment Gahar nutritive essence »Ca

O
obedience esavcsSta olfactory organ Xan³

object GarmμN_ omen nimit;þ good omen mgÁl

objective-field vis½y omnipotent, adj. sBVaPiPU

objectivity tfta omniscience sBVØúta

oblation BlI, BlIkmμ Omniscient, the RBHsBVØÚ

obligations )tiemakç, kic©, Fur³, Bn§ once-returner skTaKamI

observance «e)sf, vtþ, kar rkSa once-returning, fruition of skTaKa-

¬sIl CaedIm¦ mipl

obsession briyudæan, bbBa© once-returning, path of skTaKa-

obstinacy fmÖ mimKÁ

obstruction nIvrN³. emIl hindrance. one-pointedness of mind ÉkKÁta,

octad Gdæk³ ¬BYk8¦ citþesSkKÁta

odorous object Kn§armμN_ onlooking-equanimity «ebkça

odour Kn§ opposite, adj. bdibkç
offence Gabtþi Order, the RBHsgÇ, KNsgÇ
offering BlI, TkçN
i a, TkSiN, bUCa ordinary man emIl worldling.
old age Cra ordination «bsm/Ta, «bsm/½T v.
to ordain.

24
origin smuT½y outcast evsS ¬CnefakTab¦

Origin of Suffering TukçsmuTy³, outcaste cNÐal

smuTy³ outguidable person evenyübuKÁl

origination smudæan overcoming bhan³

other world brelak ownership, the bliss of Gtßisux ¬sux

outer sense-sphere Bahiraytn³ ekItBIesckþImanRTBü¦

¬GaytnxageRkA¦

P
pain Tukç penetration bdievF³, nieBVF³

painful feeling TukçevTna pentad bBa©k³ ¬BYk5¦

Pali Canon RBHéRtbidk perception sØa

Parinirvana briniBVan perdition vini)t

parricide bituXat, matabituXat Perfect One, the RBHtfaKt

partiality qnÞaKti perfection )rmI

passing away mrN³, kalkirya perfectness sm/tþi

Path, the mKÁ peril GaTInv³, P½y

patience xnþI, xm³ perplexity vick

i c
i äa

patricide bituXat person buKÁl

peace snþi, «bsm³ perspicuity bdiPaN³

25
perversion vibløas preparation brikmμ

physical, adj. kayik ¬pøÚvkay¦ emIl presumption sarmÖ

bodily. previous benefactor buBVkarI
physical basis of mind hTyvtßú
previous life burimCati, buBVCati, Cati
plane PUmi
mun
pleasant feeling suxevTna
pride manH, mT³
pleasing, adj. )saTik³ ¬naMmknUv/
priest bBVCit, RBahμN_
RbkbedayesckþIRCHføa¦
primary element mhaPUt
pleasure sux
probation brivas
posture \riyabf
probationer sikçmana
power Bl³
proclamation Gnusavna
practice karRbtibtþi, bdibTa
proficiency )KuØta, ekasl
praise vNѳ ¬esckþIsresIr¦,
proficiency as to progress Gay-
bsMsa
ekasl
preaching eTsna v. to preach.
proficiency as to regress G)y-
precept sikçabT, sIl
ekasl
preceptor «bCÄay_ proficiency as to the means of
predominance GFibetyü success «)yekasl

prejudice GKti proficiency in knowing gain Gay-

preliminary duties buBVkic© ekasl

26
proficiency in knowing loss G)y- protection Garkça

ekasl provenance niTan

proficiency of method «)yekasl psychic power GPiØa

profitable, adj. kusl pupil Genþvasik, sisS

profound, adj. KmÖIr³ Pure Abodes suT§avas

prompted, adj. ssgçarik purification visuT§i

propagation karpSBVpSay purity )risuT§i, visuT§i

property sm/tþi purport GFib/ay

prose; prose-exposition evyüakrN_ pursuit GnueyaK

prosperity sm/Ta

Q
quadruped stVctu)T quest Ésna, Kevsna, brieysna

quality KuN, lkçN³, GgÁ question bBaða

quarrel klh³, vivaT quiet, n. smf. adj. vivitþ ¬sgÁ¦

quarter Tis ¬Tisa¦

R
radiation eteCaFatu rains-residence; rains-retreat caMRBH

rag-robe bgSúkUlcIvr vsSa, vsSavs³

rapture bIti

27
reaching btþi ¬karseRmc)n¦ refuse-rag-robe bgSúkUlcIvr

reality tfta, yfaPUtFm’ registration tTarmμN³, tTalm<N³

realization scäikiriya, scäikrN³, rehearsal sgÁIti, sgÁayna

GFiKm³ reincarnation Gvtar ¬sasnaRBahμ-

reappearance «b/tþi N_, hiNÐÚ¦

reason karN³, eyani, vimMsa relative; relation jati

rebirth bunPB, CatifμI, kaeekItfμI relaxation bsST§i

recipient bdiKÁahk³, laPI release viemakç, vimutþi

recitation karsVaFüay, kar sURt. v. relics (of the Buddha) RBHFatu, RBH
to recite. sarIrikFatu
recluse smN³
relief PaBFUresüIy
recollection GnusSti
relinking bdisn§i
reconciliation bdisaraNIykmμ remembrance of previous births
reconnection bdisn§i bueBVnivasanusStijaN

rectitude «CuKta remorse vib/disarI, kukáúc©

refectory PtþKÁ ¬eragqan;, renouncing bric©aK

salaqan;¦ renown kitþi, kitþis½BÞ

refraining sMym³, sØm³, evrmNI renunciation enkçmμ. v. to renounce.

refuge srN³ repairs nvkmμ, bdisgçrN³

Refuge, the Threefold éRtsrN³ reprover ecaTk

28
reproving ecaTna. v. to reprove. Reverend, the BaküeBalehArkRBH

repugnance bdiX³ sgÇ sEmþgKarv³

repulsion bdiX³ niymeRbICamYy

repulsive, adj. bdikUl RBHsgÇxagmhayan b¤GñkbYs

requisite brikça, bc©½y kñúgsasnaepSg. emIl venerable.

resentment bdiX³ reverse order bdielam

resistence bdiX³ review; reviewing bc©evkçN³

resolution GFiemakç, GFimut;þi ¬vin½y¦ riches ePaK³

kmμvaca right, adj. smμa

resolve GFidæan, GFimutþi Right Action smμakmμnþ

resort eKacr³ Right Concentration smμasmaFi

respect Karv³ Right Conduct emIl Right Action.

respectable person KrudæanIybuKÁl Right Deliverance smμavimutþi

restlessness «T§c© Right Effort smμavayam³

restoration »sarNa, bdisgçrN³ right endeavour smμb/Fan

restraint of the senses \®nÞiysMvr³ Right Intent emIl Right thought.

result pl, vi)k Right Knowledge smμajaN

retrocognition bueBVnivasanusSti- Right Livelihood smμaGaCIv³

jaN Right Means of Livelihood emIl

reverence Gbcayn³, Karv³ Right Livelihood.

29
Right Meditation emIl Right risk evra
Concentration. rites and rituals sIlBVt³
Right Mindfulness smμasti
rivalry blas³, sarmÖ
Right Motive emIl Right Thought.
road to power \T§i)T. emIl basis of
Right Speech smμavaca success.
right striving smμb/Fan robe cIvr

Right Thought smμasgáb/ root mUl

Right Understanding smμaTidæi root-cause ehtu

Right View emIl Right Under- round vdþ

standing. round of birth; roundabout of births
righteous, adj. Fmμik, CaFm’ sMsarvdþ, vdþsMsar, sMsar

righteous man sb/úrs rug snßt³

righteousness Fm’ rule and ritual sIlBVt³, sIl nigvtþ

rightness smμtþ rule of training sikçabT

rigidity, mental fmÖ rumination vicar

ripening vi)k

S
sacrifice yØ ¬RBahμN_¦, caK³, saffron robe kasavBRsþ

bric©aK sage munI

safe, adj. exm³, ekSm salvation vimutþi

30
sandals «)hna seeing TsSn³

Sangha, the sgÇ, RBHsgÇ, KN³- seer \sI

sgÇ self Gtþa, xøÜn, tYxøÜn

sapid object rsarmμN_ self-control Tm³, sØm³

satisfaction bsaT³, GsSaT³ self-direction, right disposition in

GtþsmμabNiFi
Saviour RBHmhase®gÁaH, RBHGñk
self-illusion skáayTidæi
TTYl)b ¬RKwsþ=RBHeys‘U¦
selfishness mcäriy³
savour rs
self-knowledge GtþØúta
scepticism vicikicäa
self-mortification; self-torment Gtþ
schedule matika
kilmfanueyaK³
schism sgÇePT
self-possession sm/CØ
School nikay ¬énsasna¦
sensation evTna. emIl feeling
science viC¢a
sense-base Gaytn³
scripture KmÖIr, Knß, bkrN_
sense-field Gaytn³
search; searching Ésna, brieysna
sense-impression psS
search of truth Fmμvicy³
sense of shame hiri
seat Gasn³
sense of urgency sMevK, esckþI
seclusion vievk
segVK
sect nikay
sense-organ Gaytn³
section var³, vtþ

31
sense-pleasure kam
sense-sphere Gaytn³
sensual craving kamtNða
sensual desire kam, kamqnÞ³
sensual indulgence kamsuxløika-
nueyaK
sensual lust kamraK³
sensual misconduct kaem sumc
i äacar
sensual plane kamPUmi
sensual pleasure kam,
kamKuN
sensual sphere kamPB
sensuous craving kamtNða
sensuous sphere kamPB, kamelak
sentient being stV
separate treatment viPgÁ
sequence Gnusn§i
serene, adj. snþ ¬s¶b;,
rm¶ab;ehIy¦
series snþti
service evyüavc©
setting in motion (b¤ setting roll-
ing) the Wheel of the Doctrine
Fmμckáb/vtþn³
setting-up of mindfulness stibdæan
seven-times-at-most stream-enterer
esatabnñ
sexual intercourse emfunFmμ
sexual misconduct kaemsumicäacar
shame hiri, lC¢a
kamsux, shameless, adj. GlC¢I
shelter taN³ ¬TIBMnak;¦
shoe )Tuka
sign niimitþ
Signs of Being, the Three éRtlkçN_
simile «bma
simplicity Gb/icäta
singled-seed ÉkBICI
rm¶ab;, skilful action kuslkmμ
skill ekaslø, ekaslü, Tkç, TkS
32
skilled; skilful, adj. kusl spontaneously born creature «b-

slander bisuNavaca, ebsuØvaT )tik³

sloth fIn³ stain ml³, mnÞil

smirching mkç standing (in the Order) ¬cMnYn¦ vsSa

sociability smantþta ¬énPikçúPav³ b¤énePTbBVCit¦

softness muTuta, mTÞv³ steadiness ziti

solid element bzvIFatu stealing GTinñaTan

solitude vievk Stilled One, the RBHmunI

sorrow esak stillness emaenyü ¬RbeyaCn_én munI¦

sound sTÞ stinginess mcäriy³

source niTan ¬ehtu, TImk¦ storing up «bcy³

soul Gtþa, Gatμ½n, CIv³ straightness «Cukta, GaC¢v³

soulless, adj. Gntþa stream-enterer; stream-entrant;

stream-winner; stream-attainer
soullessness Gntþta esatabnñ
space Gakas stream-entry, fruition of esata-
specific conditionality \Tb/c©yta btþipl
specification viPaK stream-entry, path of esatabtþimKÁ
speech vaca, vcI, Pasit, vcIviØtþi strength Bl³
spite «bnah³ striving bFan³, viriy³

33
stumbling block Gnþray, Gnþra- superknowledge GPiØa

yikFm’ supermundane; supramun-dane,

adj. elakutþr
sublime states RBhμvihar
supernormal power \T§i)diharü
substitution of opposites tTgÁ
support nisS½y ¬TIGaRs½y¦, «btßmÖ
substratum of rebirth «bFi
suppression vikçmÖn³
subtle, adj. suxum
supreme abidings RBhμvihar
success \T§i, sm/tþi
supreme dwellings RBhμvihar
suffering Tukç
suspension «ebkçbnIykmμ
suitable, adj. sb/ay, kb/iy³, Gnu-
sustained application vicar
rUb
sympathetic joy muTita
sunshade qR½t

T
tactile object epadæBV task kic©

taint Gasv³ taste rs

taking what is not given GTinñaTan teacher Gacarü

tale-bearing bisuNavaca, ebsuØvaT teaching eTsna, Fm’

talk kfa Teaching; Teachings, the RBHFm’

taming Tm³ telepathy ecetabriyØaN

tangible object epadæBVarmμN_, epadæBV temperament crit

34
temperature «tu Training, the Threefold éRt sikça

Tempter, the mar training rule sikçabT

term bT tranquillity bsST§i, smf³

test vImMsnþ ¬kalBicarNa, kal Tranquillity Development smf-

l/g¦ Pavna

tetrad ctuká³ ¬BYk4¦ transcendental elakutþr

thanking GnuemaTna transformation vibriNam

Theravada efrvaT ¬nikayRBHBuT§ transgression vItikám ¬karRbRBwtþ

sasnaedIm KUnwg mhayan¦ knøg¦

things Fmμa, Fm’ transience; transiency Gnic©ta

thirst tNða, bi)sa transient, adj. Gnic©, Gnic©M

thought citþ, citþúb/aT, sgáb/, vitká treasure rtn³, niFi, Fn³

thought-conception vitká triad tik³ ¬BYk3¦

tie Knß Triple Gem, the RBHrtnéRty

tolerance xnþI triplet tik³ ¬BYk3¦

tongue Civða true doctrine sT§mμ

torpor miT§ true man sb/úrs

touch epadæBV truth sc©

town-monk RBHKamvasI twin miracle; twin wonder ymk

training sikça, Tm³, Pavna, esxiy³ )diharü

35
 U
ultimate sense; ultimate reality unity samKÁI, Éktþ, ÉkPaB
brmtß
unknowing GjaN
ultramundane emIl supermundane
unprofitable, adj. Gkusl
uncertainty vick
i c
i äa
unprompted, adj. Gsgçarik
uncompounded; unconditioned,
adj. Gsgçt unrighteous greed vismelaP³

unconscious mind PvgÁcitþ ¬=GPiCÄa¦

unconscious state PvgÁ unskilful, adj. Gkusl

undeclared GBüakt³ unskilled action Gkuslkmμ

underlying tendency Gnus½y unsurpassed, adj. Gnutþr

understanding bØa unworldly, adj. niramis

undertaking smaTan v. to under- urgency, sense of segVK

take. usage evahar
undetermined offence Gniyt³
utterance «Tan, vcn³
unification ÉkKÁta

uninstigated, adj. Gsgçarik

V
vain talk smöb/lab vegetable-growth PUtKam

vanity mT³

36
Venerable BaküeRbIsRmab;ehAeTArk vibration, the element of vaeyaFatu

RBHsgÇsEmþgKarv³ niymeRbICa- vices of conduct kmμkiels

mYyRBHefr b¤RBHsgÇmansmN- view Tidæi

s½kþ&x<s; ¬G.k. Ven.) village-dweller KamvasI

veneration Karv³, nm³, bUCa virtue sIl, KuNFm’. adj. virtuous.

verbal action vcIkmμ virtue and duty sIlBVt³, sIlnigvtþ

verbal formation; verbal functions visible for oneself, adj. snÞidæik³
vcIsgçar
visible object; visual object rU)-
verbal good conduct vcIsucrit
rmμN_
verbal misconduct vcITuc©rit
vision TsSn³
verdict of innocence stivin½y
vital formation Gayusgçar
Lð
verdict of past insanity GmU vin½y
vitality CIviti®nÞIy_
verdict of present of smμúxavin½y
void; voidness suØta
verification scäikiriya, scäikrN³
volition ectna
verse Kafa
volitional activities sgçar
Vesak visaxbUCa ¬niymeRbIkñúgRb-
voting-ticket søak
eTslgáanig\NÐa = Visākha
Pūjā.)

W
wakefulness CaKriyanueyaK walking to and fro c®gám

37
wander, v. carik wheel-turning monarch esþccRk-

wandering karcarik, sMsar Btþi

wandering ascetic; wanderer bri- wholesome, adj. kusl

BVaCk wholesome action kuslkmμ

warrior xtþiy³, kSRt, CnvNѳkSRt wicked, adj. )b, GaRkk;

watch yam wieldiness kmμØta

watchfulness stism/CØ will qnÞ, ectna

water Gae). emIl cohesion. wind vaeya. emIl vibration.

way mKÁ, bdibTa wisdom bØa

weal hitsux wise man bNÐit

wealth ePaK, Fn³ wish qnÞ, \cäa ¬esckþIR)fña¦

welfare hitsux, RbeyaCn_sux withdrawal «BÖar, «T§ar

Well-farer, the RBHsuKt woe Tukç, G)y

well-spoken words vaca suPasit wonder )diharü

Wesak emIl Vesak. worldling bufuC¢n

wheel of becoming; wheel of life
PvcRk
Wheel of the Law; Wheel of the
Doctrine FmμcRk
worldly, adj. elakiy, samis
worldly condition elakFm’
worldly vicissitudes elakFm’

wheel of rebirths sMsarcRk worthy one RBHGrhnþ

worry kukáúc©

38
wrath ekaF³ wrongness micätþ

wrong conduct Tuc©rit wrong speech, offence of Gabtþi

wrong course GKti TuBÖasit

wrongdoing Tukád ¬Gabtþi¦ wrong time vikal

Y
yearning Gasa yellow robe kasavBRsþ

years’ standing emIl standing. yoke eyaK³, Fur³, Par³

Z
zeal Gb/maT zest bIti

39
 APPENDIX

Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammàsambuddhassa.

Homage to the Blessed One, the Perfect One, the Fully-Enlightened One.

Tisaraægamana
Taking the Three Refuges.

Buddhaç saraäaç gacchàmi.

I go to the Buddha for refuge.
Dhammaç saraäaç gacchàmi.
I go to the Dhamma for refuge.
Sanghaç saraäaç gacchàmi.
I go to the Sangha for refuge.
Dutiyampi ……………………….
For the second time …………
Tatiyampi ………………………
For the third time …………

Pañca-Sìla
The Five Precepts

Pàäàtipàtà veramaäì sikkhàpadaç samàdiyàmi.

I undertake to observe the precept to abstain from taking life.
Adinnàdànà veramaäì sikkhàpadaç samàdiyàmi.
I undertake to observe the precept to abstain from taking what is not
given.
Kàmesumicchàcàrà veramaäì sikkhàpadaç samàdiyàmi.
I undertake to observe the precept to abstain from sexual misconduct.
Musàvàdà veramaäì sikkhàpadaç samàdiyàmi.
I undertake to observe the precept to abstain from false speech.
Suràmerayamajjapamàdaååhànà veramaäì sikkhàpadaç samàdiyà-
mi.

40
 I undertake to observe the precept to abstain from intoxicants causing
carelessness.

Cattàri Ariyasaccàni
The Four Noble Truths
1. Dukkhaç Ariyasaccaç.
The Noble Truth of Suffering.
2. Dukkhasamudayo Ariyasaccaç.
The Noble Truth of the Cause of Suffering.
3. Dukkhanirodho Ariyasaccaç.
The Noble Truth of the Cessation of Suffering.
4. Dukkhanirodhagàminìpaåipadà Ariyasaccaç.
The Noble Truth of the Path leading of the Cessation of Suffering.

Ariya Aååhangika Magga

The Noble Eightfold Path

1. Sammàdiååhi Right Understanding.

2. Sammàsaækappa Right Thoughts.
3. Sammàvàcà Right Speech.
4. Sammàkammanta Right Action.
5. Sammààjiva Right Livelihood.
6. Sammàvàyàma Right Effort.
7. Sammàsati Right Mindfulness.
8. Sammàsamàdhi Right Concentration.

Pañca-Khandha
The Five Aggregates of Existence

1. Rùpa-khandha Aggregate of Corporeality

2. Vedanà-khandha Aggregate of Feeling
3. Saññà-khandha Aggregate of Perception
4. Saækhàra-khandha Aggregate of Mental Formations
5. Viññàäa-khandha Aggregate of Consciousness

41
 Ti-Lakkhaäa
The Three Characteristics of Existence
1. Sabbe sankhàrà aniccà.
All conditioned things are impermanent.
2. Sabbe sankhàrà dukkhà.
All conditioned things are subject to stress and conflict.
3. Sabbe dhammà anattà.
All things are not-self or soulless.
Paåicca-Samuppàda
The Dependent Origination
Avijjàpaccayà Sankhàrà Dependent on Ignorance arise
Karma-Formations.
Sankhàrapaccayà Viññàäaç Dependent on Karma Formations
arises Consciousness.
Viññàäapaccayà Nàmarùpaç Dependent on Consciousness arise
Mind and Matter.
Nàmarùpapaccayà Saøàyatanaç Dependent on Mind and Matter arise
the Six Sense-Bases.
Saøàyatapaccayà Phasso Dependent on the Six Sense-Bases
arises Contact.
Phassapaccayà Vedanà Dependent on Contact arises
Feeling.
Vedanàpaccayà Taähà Dependent on Feeling arises
Craving.
Taähàpaccayà Upàdànaç Dependent on Craving arises
Clinging.
Upàdànapaccayà Bhavo Dependent on Clinging arises the
Process of Becoming.
Bhavapaccayà Jàti Dependent on the Process of
Becoming arises Birth.
Jàtipaccayà Jarà-maraäaç soka-parideva- Dependent on Birth arise
Decay and Death, sorrow, lamenta-
tion,
dukkha-domanassa-upàyàsà sambhavanti. pain, grief and despair.
Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandassa samudayo hoti.
Thus arises the wholes mass of suffering.

42