= . cHarter The British East India Company ATGEANISTAN, GB) bees ences British contrat % Battle sires Scanned with CamScanner‘the Fast India Company started trading in the Spice islands—modern Indonesia— which were a Durch stronghold, The Br attempts to gain permission to trade from the Mughal court kept falling. In Tharnas Rie arrived as King James of England's ambassador to Emperor Je was a handsome, learned, anc skilled diplomat. He opened 5 British in this region, Jahangir gave them permission to set up the factory at Surat This was the British featheld in India initially sent srrall fleets to India. Their aily banned the British from the Spice Islands so the British were ncentrate on India, They now looked for more opportunities to h evi he Dut te < ish themselves on the subcontinent. establl land from local owners and built factories. warehouses, offices, and of Kolkata (Calcutta), Chennai (Madras), and tories, The modern c Bombay) developed in this way. F the River H prin Gaeta fe vas ult 36a uhare to Kee Tas fort ser became the aso Fo out Berge HisTOR)STORY Struggle forcontrol = e As the Mughal hold weakened over India and pagan Fighting amongst themselves, the Europ and sought local allies en a war broke out betweeri in India as well, The states all rajas, aawabs. and pr fortified their bases, raised the ewn armies for protection, ter rivals, Whi hey clashed vided over whom to. support French and the @iritish were bit each and the British in Europe, t provinces in Mughal India remained € nich sas Robert Clive and the defeat of the Frei away from the subcontinent at The British wanted vo drive the Frente h costs. They gave this task to Robert Clive, a capable officer posted iq. Madras. Clive did not let them down powerful army within shart time. He was an astute leader and a br; commander who led his army to victory Upon victory, The French equally matched under the leadership of their governor general Joseah Dupleix, The decisive event was a tussle for power after the death of the Nawab of Carnatic in 1749, when his heirs Chanda Saheb and Mohamma Ali both claimed his seat. and was able to form a small Robort Clive The Battle of Arcot, 1749 eee NS Chands Saheb looked ta the French for help. Muhammad Ali was defeated and escaped to Trichinopoly where Chanda Saheb’s forces surrounded him, By this time, the British realized that having an ally, such as the Nawab of Camatic would increase French influence manifold. To brask the siege of Trichinopoly, the young Robert Clive had a ciever idea. He knew that there would be very little resistance at Arcot, the capital of Camatic, because all the troops were moving to Trichinopoly. He rallied all his forces and advanced towards Arcot with the intention of Conquering Chanda Saheb rushed back to Arcot and besieged Clive and his forces for many days. Fortunately fot Ct the governor of Madras came to his help, and the British wan the battle. his also led to @ decline in the French influence in India. 4 i Ma} The Battle of Plassey, 1757 This was not the end of Clive's successes. Trouble broke out in the province Bengal. However, this time it was the British who had stirred up the trouble. had flouted the agreement with Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Governor tf OXFORDAn artist's view of Mir Jafar conspiring with Clive at Plassey ver fortifications in Calcutta and trade privileges, Siraj-ud-Daulah was enraged this breach of trust and issued a warning to the British, When the British ignored the Nawab attacked Fort William, imprisoned many Britons, and drove 1 the help of the governor of Madras, he British were victorious, once Clive ance more sprang inte action and, nched an attack on Bengal at Plassey (1757 cs). Tt n because of Clive's strategy. He bribed Siraj-ud-Daulah’s chief general, Mir jatar, into treachery. In the battle at Plassey. Mir Jafar swiftly changed sides and fought for the British instead of Siraj-ucd-Daulah, who was captured and killed. Though Mir Jafar was made the nizam, he also had ta pay a price. The British made Him pay for all the damages to Fort William and compensation to the soldiers. This left hin with practically nothing In the end, he had to dispose of his personal h. Mir Jafar's name has become synonymous with treachery in the Urdu language Corruption in the East India Company a The British started to feel excessively sure-footed after their victory at Plassey. Robert Clive had rerumed to England a wealthy man. The employees of the East India Company becarne corrupt. They demanded undue privileges from the nizam and started to pocket the company’s profits. As a result, the company started to decline. The British blamed Mir Jafar. removed him from his’ pest, and appointed his son-in-law, Mir Kasim, as the nizarn of BengalOXFORD 40 ortist's view of Shah Alam i granting sorerein rights in Rengol to Robert Citve Ih WEE Mir Kasim turned our to be a patriot and che undue benefirs an cked the East India Company for the i was taking, The British deposed him and Mughal emperor Shah Alam decided roredaim d privileges that broughe in Mic Jatar‘once more, The Bengal and prevent Britsh excesses. There was a bat the East Indie Company defeated the Mughals. Ti Britsh protection for his empire. This battle establis fhe Mughal emperor asked for hed the British as the dominant force in Inca, Challenge! ° ed Siral-ud-Dauiah foward. Later he was ber a Robert Clive tempted him with You abo betel i dy ayed by the Brinch themselves. What does this tall loyalty a desirable trait in 3 person?do you think would have happened if the following people had not been esent in india at this time? Robert Clive i Mir Jafar