Cecyte el florido

El fuego

Alumno: jorge alberto alamilla corral

Turno: matutino
Materia: inglés
Grado y grupo: 5DMI

The set of incandescent particles or molecules of combustible

material, capable of emitting heat and visible light, is the result of a
chemical reaction of accelerated oxidation. Flames are the parts of
the fire that emit visible light, while the smoke is physically the same
but no longer emits it.

Colloquially it is also known as a fire or candle in some countries.

[1] [2]

Physicochemical Behavior Edit

This strong chemical oxidation reaction is an exothermic process,

which means that, at the same time, it releases energy in the form of
heat to the surrounding air. The air around hot molecules or
particles decreases density and tends to float on colder air
(convection). In the particular case of solid-state fire, the hot air
travels upward at such a speed that it still pushes heavy fuel
particles in the same direction (still hot and bright), which are
lowering in temperature just like the surrounding air, ceasing to
shine and generally turning a black color like coal; the air, when
cooling, begins to slow down, to the point that it can no longer push
the particles up and they start (if they weigh more than the air) to
levitate without rising, then fall back to earth.

Evolution of the scientific conception of fire

See also: fire (element)

In classical antiquity fire was one of the four classical elements,

along with water, air and earth. The four elements represented the
four known forms of matter and were used to explain different
behaviors of nature. In Western culture, the origin of the theory of
the four elements is found in the pre-Socratic philosophers of
classical Greece, and since then it has been the subject of
numerous works of artistic and philosophical expression, enduring
during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance and influencing
deeply in European culture and thought. In parallel, Hinduism and
Buddhism had developed very similar conceptions.

In most of these schools of thought a fifth element is usually added

to the traditional four, which is called, alternatively, idea, emptiness,
ether or quintessence (literally "the fifth essence").

The concept of classical elements continued in force in Europe

during the Middle Ages, due to the preeminence of the Aristotelian
cosmological vision and the approval of the Catholic Church of the
concept of the ether that supported the conception of earthly life as
an imperfect state and paradise As something eternal.

The use of the four elements in science was abandoned in the

sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, when new discoveries about
the states of matter surpassed the classical conception.

In the seventeenth century, Johann Joachim Becher proposed a

particular version of the theory of the four elements: the fundamental
role was reserved for earth and water, while fire and air were
considered as mere agents of transformations. All bodies, both
animals and vegetables and minerals, were formed, according to
Becher, by mixtures of water and earth. He also defended that the
true elements of the bodies should be investigated through analysis,
and, in coherence, proposed a classification based on an increasing
order of composition. Becher argued that the immediate
components of the mineral bodies were three different types of land,
each carrying a property: the vitreous aspect, the combustible
character and the fluidity or volatility. The earth, which he termed
terra pinguis, was considered a carrier of the flammability principle.
Its name could be translated as fatty land or oilseed land, which in
alchemy is known as sulfur, although Becher also used other
expressions to designate it; among them, sulfur phlogiston (this
noun derived from the Greek phlogistos, which means ‘flammable’).
Finally it was the phlogiston word that ended up imposing itself,
thanks above all to the work of the most effective defender of his
ideas, Georg Ernst Stahl.

Lavoisier combustion theory

Phlogiston theory remained until the 1780s, when Antoine Laurent

Lavoisier, considered the father of modern chemistry, designed an
experiment to contrast it. Lavoisier placed a small amount of
mercury on a solid floating on water, closed it under a glass bell and
caused the mercury to burn. According to the phlogiston theory, the
floating body should be less submerged after combustion, since the
remaining amount of substance next to the ash should weigh less
than the initial and the volume of air inside the hood should increase
as a result of assimilation phlogiston, and with it the level of closed
liquid should be lower than at the beginning. The result of the
experiment contradicted the expected results according to this
theory. Lavoisier correctly interpreted the combustion, eliminating
phlogiston in his explanation. The substances that burn are
combined with the oxygen in the air, so they gain weight. The air
that is in contact with the burning substance loses oxygen and,
therefore, also volume.
With Lavoisier, chemists progressively abandoned phlogiston theory
and pointed to oxygen-based combustion theory.

Mythology about fire

In Greek mythology, Etna was the volcano inside which the

Hephaestus forges were located, which worked in the company of
cyclops and giants. The monstrous Typhoon lay beneath this
mountain, which caused frequent earthquakes and eruptions of
smoke and lava.
Indian fire slot in Belgium. In order for the flare to occur, the fuel is
blown through the flame in the presence of oxygen.

Since the human began to dominate the fire, there was an

important problem: lighting it. Hence, religions became the
guardians of fire: maintaining a permanent fire was important if
domestic fires went out, and hence all religions, even now, keep a
fire burning in the sanctuary.

Start of fire naturally by the fall of lightning on a log, causing a forest

fire

The cult of fire followed the one that was taxed to the Sun and
almost all the towns worshiped it as the most noble of the elements
and as a living image of the star of the day. The Chaldeans had it
for a supreme deity. However, in Persia it is where his cult spread
almost exclusively. They were everywhere enclosed with walls
closed and without roof, inside which, the fire was lit regularly where
the devout people came at certain times to beg. The great lords
were ruined [citation needed] throwing in it precious essences and
odoriferous flowers, privilege that they regarded as one of the best
rights of the nobility. These discovered temples were known to the
Greeks by the name of Pyreia (Πυραία) or Pyrateia (Πυραταία).
Modern travelers also speak of them as the oldest monuments of
the cult of fire. When a king of Persia was dying, the fire was
extinguished in the main cities of the kingdom and was not rekindled
until after the coronation of his successor.