= = So wn t co + Ss S a 2 Organization International Bureau (43) International Publication Date (10) International Publication Number 2 December 2004 (02.12.2004) PCT WO 2004/104156 Al (S1) International Patent Chasstieath CHD 37395, DE, DK, DM, DZ BC, FE, BG, ES, FI, 308, 306 Gil, GM, FIR, HU ID, 1, IN, I, JP, KF (21) International Application Numnbe PCT/AIS20040015473 (22) International Filing Date: 18 May 2004 (18.052008) (25) Filing Language: (26) Publi ton Language: (30) Priority Data: 107840,968 19 May 2003 (19.05.2003) us (71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): COL+ GATE-PALMOLIVE COMPANY [US/US]; 300 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022 (US). (72) Inventor; and (78) Inventor/Applicant (for US only): MERCADO, Hedeliza, Malonzo [CAICAJ; 19 Cromwell Road, borough, Ontario MU 3N1 (CA). (74) Agents PARK, Ellen, K; COLGATE-PALMOLIVE COMPANY, 909 River Road, PO. Box 1343, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1343 (US). (1) Designated States (unless vherwise indicated, for every Kind of national protection avaiable): AE AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CN, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MZ, NA, NI, NO. NZ, OM, Pt PH, PL, PI, RO,RU, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL,S¥, J, TM. 1S, UZ, VC, VN, YU, ZA, 7M, sy Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every ind of regional protection available: ARIPO (BW, GH, GM, KE, LS, MW, MZ, NA, SD, SI, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, 2), Burasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TI, TM) European (AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FL GR, HU, IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PL, PE, RO, ‘TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF. CG, Cl, CM, GA, GN, GQ. SN, TD, TG). Declarations under Rule 4 = ts 10 applicants entitlement to apply for and be granted a patent (Rule 4.17(i) forall designations ‘othe applicant's entitlement to claim the priority ofthe earlier application (Rule 4.17(ii) for all designations Published with international search report before the expiration of the time limit for amending the claims and t0 be republished in the event of receipt af ‘amendments For nwo-leter codes and other abbreviations, refer to the "Gull lance Notes on Codes and Abbreviations” appearing at the begin- hing of each regular issue ofthe PCT Gacete (8) Title: BATHROOM CLEANING COMPOSITION (67) Abstract: A bathroom cleaning composition containing a chlorine containing bleach, that is effective in removing mold and mildew as well as removing soap scum.WO 2004/104156 PCT/US2004/015473 BATHROOM CLEANING COMPOSITION Backaround of the invention Bathroom cleaning consists of removing mold and mildew as well as soap scum. Hypochlorite is the best in Killing and removing mold and mildew organisms/stains in damp places such as the bathroom. Unfortunately, the existing hypochlorite containing products have @ poor performance in removing soap scum, ‘Soap scum is mostly the precipitated calcium/magnesium salts of the fatty acid chain present in the soap with some multivalent cations depending on the hardness of the water supply, particulate dirt, lint and some skin cells. Such dirt composition is very difficult to be removed with alkaline products. Hence, historically, dedicated products such as acid base and non-bleach alkaline products containing solvents are used solely for soap scum removal with the drawback of not being able to effectively remove mold and mildew. Consequently, another product, typically with hypochlorite is used in tandem to remove mold and mildew. Hypochlorite products require high level of alkalinity for stability reason. Couple with the very limited as well as very costly solvent materials that can be compatible with hypochlorite, makes it very challenging to develop a hypochlorite containing product for its mold and mildew performance that can provide superior soap scum removal. The instant invention discloses a hypochlorite product that provides superior soap Scum removal in the laboratory testing and still is effective in removing mold and mildew. U.S. Patent 5,972,239 teaches an acidic bleaching solution containing a chlorine deactivating agent. EPA Patent 0,875,552 teaches an acidic limescale removing composition containing an acid EPA Patent 0,630,963 teaches an acid microemulsion composition designed to remove soap scum.WO 2004/105156 PCT/US2004/015473 Summary of the Invention The present invention relates to a bathroom cleaning composition which removes soap scum as well as mold and mildew, wherein the bathroom cleaning composition contains a chlorine containing bleach, a surfactant, a viscosity control agent, a corrosion inhibitor, a sequestrant builder, an agent to reduce bleach odor on skin, a perfume, a foam control agent and water. An object of the instant invention is to provide a bathroom cleaning composition that removes soap scum as well as mold and mildew. To achieve the foregoing and other objects in accordance with the purpose of the invention, as embodied and broadly described herein the novel bathroom cleaning composition contains a surfactant, a chlorine containing bleach, at least one viscosity control agent, a corrosion inhibitor, a sequestrant builder, a bleach odor reducing agent, a perfume, a foam control agent and water, wherein the composition does not contain hydrogen peroxide or sodium montmorillonite and the composition has a pH of at least 9. Detailed Description of the invention The present invention relates to a bathroom cleaning composition which comprises by weight: (a) 0.1% to 10%, more preferably 0.5% to 5.0% of a chlorine bleach compound; (b) 0.5% to 5%, more preferably 2.0% to 4% of an amine oxide surfactant; (€) 0.05% to 3.0% of an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide; (4) 0.1% to 3% of an alkali metal silicate which is a corrosion inhibitor; (e) 0.25% to 5% of a phosphate builder salt which is a sequestration builder salt; () 0 to 1.5%, more preferably 0.1% to 1% of a fatty acid which functions as a viscosity control agent;WO 2004/104156 PCT/US2004/015473 3 (@) 0.001% to 0.10% of a silicone foam control agent; (h) 0.01% to 0.6%, more preferably 0.1% to 0.5% of a perfume; () 0 t0.0.0010%, more preferably 0.00005% to 0,0006% of a bleach odor reducing agent; () the balance being water, wherein the composition has a pH of about 9 to about 14. Amine oxide semi-polar nonionic surfactants used in the instant composition comprise compounds and mixtures of compounds having the formula p Ry (CoH40)nN-F0 Rg wherein Ry is an alkyl, 2-hydroxyalkyl, 3-hydroxyalkyl, or 3-alkoxy-2-hydroxypropyl radical in which the alkyl and alkoxy, respectively, contain from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, Rg and Rg are each methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, or 3-hydroxypropyl, and n is from 0 to 10. Particularly preferred are amine oxides of the formula: Ro - Rg wherein Ry is a C12.16 alkyl and Rg and Rg are methyl or ethyl, The above ethylene oxide condensates, amides, and amine oxides are more fully described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,316,824 which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. Although any chlorine bleach compound may be employed in the compositions of this invention, such as dichloro-isocyanurate, dichloro-dimethyl hydantoin, or chlorinated TSP, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, e.g. potassium, lithium, magnesium and especially sodium, hypochlorite is preferred. A solution containing 0.1% to 10.0% by weight of sodium hypochlorite contains or provides the necessaryWO 2004/105156 PCT/US2004/015473 4 percentage of available chlorine. 0.5% to 5% by weight of available chlorine is especially preferred. For example, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution of from 11 to 13% available chlorine in amounts of 1.0% to 79%, preferably 4.0 to 40.0%, can be advantageously used. ‘The preferred long chain fatly acids used in the instant compositions are the higher aliphatic fatty acids having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably from 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and especially preferably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, inclusive of the carbon atom of the carboxyl group of the fatty acid. The aliphatic radical may be saturated or unsaturated and may be straight or branched. Straight chain saturated fatty acids are preferred. Mixtures of fatty acids may be used, such as those derived from natural sources, such as tallow fatty acid, coco fatty acid, soya fatty acid, etc., or from synthetic sources available from industrial manufacturing processes. Thus, examples of the fatty acids include, for example, decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, tallow fatty acid, coco fatty acid, soya fatty acid, mixtures of these acids, etc. Stearic acid and mixed fatty acids, eg. stearic acid/palmitic acid, are preferred, When the free acid form of the fatty acid is used directly it will generally associate with the potassium and sodium ions in the aqueous phase to form the corresponding alkali metal fatty acid soap. However, the fatty acid salts may be directly added to the composition as sodium salt or potassium salt, or as a polyvalent metal salt, although the alkali metal salts of the fatty acids are preferred fatty acid salts. The amount of the fatty acid or fatty acid salt stabilizer to achieve the desired enhancement of physical stability wil depend on such factors as the nature of the fatty acid or its salt, the nature and amount of the thickening agent, detergent active compound, inorganic salts, other ingredients, as well as the anticipated storage and shipping conditions. Alkali metal (e.g. potassium or sodium) silicate, which provides alkalinity and protection of hard surfaces, such as fine china glaze and pattern, is generally employedWO 2004/105156 PCT/US2004/015473 5 in an'amount ranging from 0.1 to 3 weight percent, preferably 0.2 to 2.5 weight percent in the composition. The sodium or potassium silicate is generally added in the form of an aqueous solution, preferably having NazO:SiO2 or K20:SiO2 ratio of 1:1.3 to 1:2.8. A preferred silicate is sodium metasilicate. A preferred solid phosphate builder salt used in the instant composition is an alkali metal polyphosphate such as sodium tripolyphosphate ("TPP"). One suitable TPP is sold under the name Thermphos NW. The particles size of the Thermphos NW TPP, as supplied is usually averages 200 microns with the largest particles being about 400 microns. In place of all or part of the alkali metal polyphosphate one or more other detergent builder salts can be used. Suitable other builder salts are alkali metal carbonates, phosphates, silicates, lower polycarboxylic acid salts, and polyacrylates, polymaleic anhydrides and copolymers of polyacrylates and polymaleic anhydrides and polyacetal carboxylates. Specific examples of such builders are sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium mono and diorthophosphate. The builder salts can be used alone with the amine oxide nonionic surfactant or in an admixture with other builders. Essentially, any compatible anti-foaming agent can be used in the instant composition. Preferred anti-foaming agents are silicone anti-foaming agents. These are alkylated polysiloxanes and include polydimethy| siloxanes, polydiethyl siloxanes, polydibuty! siloxanes, phenyl methyl siloxanes, trimethysilanated silica and triethylsilanated silica. A suitable anti-foaming agent is Silicone TP201 or Silicone RD from Union Carbide. The perfumes that can be used in the instant composition includes any perfume that is compatible with bleach.WO 2004/105156 PCT/US2004/015473 6 The instant compositions can optionally contain a bleach odor reducing agent which is preferably ethyl tricyclo [5.2.1.0] decan-2-carboxylate such as Fruitate™ which is available from the KAO Corporation. Ableach stabilizer can be optionally used in the instant composition at a concentration of 0.0004 wt. % to 0.1 wt. %. A preferred bleach stabilizer is sodium metaperiodate. A polymeric thickening agent can be optionally used in the instant composition at a concentration of 0.05 wt. % to 2.5 wt. %. A preferred polymeric thickening agent is crosslinked polyacrylic acid-type thickening agents which are the products sold by B.F. Goodrich under their Carbopol trademark, especially Carbopol 941, which is the most ion-insensitive of this class of polymers, and Carbopol 940 and Carbopol 934. The Carbopol resins, also known as "Carbomer,” are hydrophilic high molecular weight, crosslinked acrylic acid polymers having an average equivalent weight of 76, and the general structure illustrated by the following formula: wo A 1 ‘ H SO Carbopol 941 has a molecular weight of about 1,250,000; Carbopol 940 a molecular weight of 4,000,000 and Carbopol 934 a molecular weight of approximately 3,000,000. The Carbopol resins are crosslinked with polyalkenyl polyether, e.g. 1% of a polyalkyl ether of sucrose having an‘average of 5,8 alkyl groups for each molecule of sucrose. Further detailed information on the Carbopol resins is available from B.F. Goodrich, see, for example, the B.F. Goodrich catalog GC-67, Carbopol® Water Soluble Resins. As used herein "polyacrylic acid-type" refers to water-soluble homopolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or water-dispersible or water-soluble salts, esters or amides thereof, or water-soluble copolymers of these acids of their salts, esters or amides with each other or with one or more other ethylenically unsaturated monomers,WO 2004/105156 PCT/US2004/015473 7 such as, for example, styrene, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, 2-hydroxyethylacrylate, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, ethylene, propylene, and the like. These homopolymers or copolymers are characterized by their high molecular weight, in the range of from 500,000 to 10,000,000, preferably 500,000 to 5,000,000, especially from 1,000,000 to 4,000,000, and by their water solubility, generally at least to an extent of up to 5% by weight, or more, in water at 25°C. These thickening agents are used in their lightly crosslinked form wherein the crosslinking may be accomplished by means known in the polymer arts, as by irradiation, or, preferably, by the incorporation into the monomer mixture to be polymerized of known chemical crosslinking monomeric agents, typically polyunsaturated (e.g. diethylenically unsaturated) monomers, such as, for example, divinylbenzene, divinylether of diethylene. glycol, N,N"-methylene-bisacrylamide, polyalkenylpolyethers (such as described above), and the like. Typically, amounts of crosslinking agent to be incorporated in the final polymer may range from 0.01 to 1.5, percent, preferably from 0.05 to 1.2 percent, and especially, preferably from 0.1 to 0.9 percent, by weight of crosslinking agent to weight of total polymer. Generally, those skilled in the art will recognize that the degree of crosslinking should be sufficient to impart some coiling of the otherwise generally linear polymeric compound while maintaining the crosslinked polymer at least water dispersible and highly water- swellable in an ionic aqueous medium. It is also understood that the water-swelling of the polymer which provides the desired thickening and viscous properties generally depends on one or two mechanisms, namely, conversion of the acid group containing polymers to the corresponding salts, e.g. sodium, generating negative charges along the polymer backbone, thereby causing the coiled molecules to expand and thicken the aqueous solution; or by formation of hydrogen bonds, for example, between the carboxyl groups of the polymer and hydroxyl donor. The formet mechanism is especially important in the present invention, and therefore, the preferred polyacrylic acid-type thickening agents will contain free carboxylic acid (COOH) groups along theWO 2004/105156 PCT/US2004/015473 8 polymer backbone. Also, it will be understood that the degree of crosslinking should not be so high as to render the crosslinked polymer completely insoluble or non-dispersible in water or inhibit or prevent the uncoiling of the polymer molecules in the presence of the ionic aqueous system The present bathroom cleaning compositions are readily made by simple mixing methods from readily available components which, on storage, do not adversely affect the entire composition. The viscosity of the light duty liquid composition desirably will be at least water thin of about 5 centipoises (cps) at room temperature, but may be up to 200 centipoises as measured with a Brookfield Viscometer using a number 21 spindle rotating at 20 or 50 rpm. The pH of the composition is from 9 to 14, more preferably 10 to 13. The pH of the composition can be adjusted by the addition of NazO (as caustic soda) to the composition. Description of the Preferred Embodiments Example 4 Soap Scum Removal Test Several soap scum tests had been conducted with efficacy performance ranging from 80% to 98% versus the control, which is either a nonbleach product position to remove soap scum or an acidic product. A comparison of a bleach prototype products versus a number of control samples was made. Test Procedure: The laboratory method consists of soiling ceramic tiles with a synthetic soap scum stain by baking the stain on the tiles. The stain, which was sprayed evenly on the tiles consist of: Isopropanol 135 grams Calcium stearate 9.18 grams Magnesium stearate ‘5.82 grams Calco oil blue ZV dye 0.4 gram The soap scum stain contains a blue dye to aid visual testing.WO 2004/104156 PCT/US2004/015473 9 The Gardner Heavy Duty Tester WG6700 was used to simulate the scrubbing action on the tiles. The number of stroke which was constant across all the products being compared was established using a control product that provided 95% cleaning There were five tiles being used per product. The degree of cleaning power was measured visually by 10 panelists. A replicate was always done. Formula: The prototype formulas in wt. % that were used are: [ TA (wt %) |B (wt %) TC (wt. %) Naor 3 3 1 Amine oxide a7 25 40) Fatty acid = = 07 laQH | 08 0.8 4.0 ‘odium sifcate 0.92 0.82 0.92 ‘odium tripolyphosphate anhydrous 17 20 3.0 FFruitate™ 0.0007 0.0004 0.0004 [Foam control agent 0.003 0.003 0.003 Stabilizer 0.0035 | 0.0035 | 0.0035 Perfume: 5 = 028 | ‘oftened water - [10700 | to 100_|_to 100 Miscosity, cps Water thin | water thin | 35 The tests results showed the following: pH Results [Shower power spray ra 100, Pine cleen multi purpose gel 2.45, 31 Ajax bathroom gel 3.15 85 lAjax power gel 66 34 Formula A 13.03 80 [Formula B 13.10 94 } Formula C 13.11 98 | While Pine Cleen Multi Purpose Gel was acidic, surprisingly, it performed poorly in removing soap scum. The B and C formulas presented, even though they are alkaline with bleach, performed almost comparable to the control product which was acid base. Formulas A, B and C were subjected to a stability test. After 12 weeks at RT and 40°C conditions, the values obtained were acceptable.WO 2004/104156 PCT/US2004/015473 10 Due to the high level of amine oxide in the formula C, foam test was conducted. The formula C and the control, Shower Power Spray, have comparable lather profile as. shown: T Lather height, mi. [Prototype Formula] Shower Power Spra inital 0 t 0 [after Tmin- 18 16 mins. 15 15: mins. 2 18 ffO mins 10 a The cylinder inversion lather test was employed. This consists of measuring a 10 mis solution of the test product, placed it in a 2L cylinder and invert the capped cylinder for 10 full inversion cycles. The height of the foam generated is measured in ml. after 1, 3, 5 and 10 minutes. Replicate values are obtained and the average is computed.WO 2004/105156 PCT/US2004/015473 she WHAT IS CLAIMED IS 4. Abathroom cleaning composition which comprises by weight: (a) 0.1% to 10% of a chlorine bleach compound; (b) — 0.1% to 3% of an alkali metal silicate; (c) 0.25% to 5% of a phosphate builder salt; and (d) the balance being water. 2 A bathroom cleaning composition according to Claim 1, further including an amine oxide surfactant. 3. A bathroom cleaning composition according to Claim 2 further including 0.1% to 1% of a fatty acid. 4, Abathroom cleaning composition according to Claim 3 further including 0.05% to 3.0% of an alkali metal hydroxide. 5. A bathroom cleaning composition according to Claim 4 further including 0.0001% to 0. 1% of a silicone foam control agent. 6 A bathroom cleaning composition according to Claim 5 further including 0.01% to 0.6% of a perfume. 7. Abathroom cleaning composition according to Claim 6 further including ethyl tricyclo [5.2.17] decan-2-carboxylate. 8. Abathroom cleaning composition according to Claim 1 further including 0.1% to 2.5% of a polymeric thickening agent. 9. Abathroom cleaning composition according to Claim 1 further including a nonphosphate builder saltnational Appiction No| INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT -/US2004/015473 PIASSIRCRTION OF SUBJECT MATTER yee erbs/a08 "CTibs/os 1103/06 ‘According ntomatnal Paton Ciageftcation (PO) orto bth nana sian and PC B. FIELDS SEARCHED ‘inarim doeumantaon coached (aseicaion ayia alowed by Sasiioaon e7mBO) rec 7 C110 ‘Docamension wears one Than niu Sooomanaton The ee al seh Gasman ae WeNIGED re Was Sarcned loons dala Taba consued Gung ts Wrnaonal oarch fas oF Gala bass wad, wave PAGAN Sar ars OH) EPo-Internal, WPI Data (. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT ‘catagowy= | Clan of document insalon, wher appropiate, othe love paseagee etevantto dam Ne x Us 6 313 082 B1 (BRIATORE ANDREA ET AL) 1,4,8,9 6 November 2001 (2001-11-06) claims 1,2,4,6-8,10; examples 2,7-9 A Us 6 036 789 A (WEIBEL A THOMAS) 1 14 March 2000 (2000-03-14) column 1, lines 9-15; claim 4 column 3, lines 8-12; table 1 A WO 02/48299 A (RECKITT BENCKISER UK LTD ; 1 RECKITT BENCKISER INC (US); BENNETT MARK TI) 20 dune 2002 (2002-06-20) page 1, lines 7-17; claim 1 A US 6 200 941 B1 (O’DRISCOLL ERIN D ET AL) 1,2 13 March 2001 (2001-03-13) column 3, lines 21-28; claims 1,2 column 1, lines 9,10 |] Furor documents ao std inthe continuation of ox C Dk] Patent famiy monbers a isted nano. 7 Spadalcalegates cf ded doa “Ae document etn he gonoral tate of the at whch fo ‘Consaered boo! patcularerance. “carer coeur but publaned on or arte ietiona ting cate “L! document when may how double. om print clin) or ‘tic Seto sien the pubtenlon de of anater talon oF nr special roaton es epoctod) “0 document tering oan orl dsciosue use, exhibllon or * document pushed plot the nteratonl fing cate but ‘Berna he poate clare ° “7 nor document published ster he llomationa ling dato ‘x prory dale and notin crt wi he pean but {haat Uncbsna the pina obey erg the ‘vention "documento parla slovace th claed invoton ‘enn bs eansaed novel or cannot be contre 1 inveve an iveive slop won the docaron tekon alone “docile een: te clined iron ‘Sstument fe comainad wit ane or mare other seh doc” trons, uch combination bong Sbvous fo 8 person sled nine at +3" cocimant mambo ofthe same plot fry ‘Date ote actual compiaion of he iteration sear 15 September 2004 Dale of aling ota ertoal search repo 22/09/2004 "Namo and naling caress of he 5A European Pale! Otc, 8.5618 Paletiaan 2 Ne Z2i0 av Fw “el GSI=TO) SH0= 2040, Tx 31861 enon, Fa (01-70) 40-3016 ‘utheraad ofier Klier, E Farm POTENT asd a) rary S8)INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT national Appiation No '/us2004/015473 ‘G{ortinuaton) DOSUNENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT ‘Galageey™ | Glaton af ment wit clon, wes appropiate fhe TaBven paasagee i A US 4 264 479 A (FLANAGAN JOHN 3) 28 April 1981 (1981-04-28) example xv Fons RETRO onan dasamsa ana HD)INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT Information on patent amily members esa, | rational Appation No Us 6200941 BL us 4264479 A 13-03-2001 217343 T 6914096 A 727789 B2 7358796 A 2237150 AL 2237151 Al 1201483 A 1201487 A 69621145 D1 69621145 T2 0861312 Al 0861316 Al 2173323 13 320782 A 9709412 AL 9709407 Al '/US2004/015473 Patent document Publication Patent fanily Publication cite in gearon report ale members} ‘ate us 6313082 B1 06-11-2001 WO 9843915 AL 08-10-1998 AU 6111798 A 22-10-1998 BR 9815467 A 23-10-2001 cA 2285003 AL 08-10-1998 EP 0867502 Al 30-09-1998 JP 2001517260 T 02-10-2001 PL 335976 AL 05-06-2000 sk 132299 A3 11-07-2000 Us 6036789 A 14-03-2000 6B 2334722 A 01-09-1999 nu 746421 B2 02-05-2002 aU 2574599 A 15-09-1999 cA 2319427 AL 02-09-1999 EP 1056823 Al 06-12-2000 wo 9943779 AL 02-09-1999 ZA 9901468 A 24-08-1999 wo 0248299 A 20-06-2002 6B 2370042 A 19-06-2002 AU 2307902 A 24-06-2002 BR 0116170 A 11-11-2003 cA 2431741 AL 20-06-2002 cN 1479781 T 03-03-2004 EP 1349910 AL 08-10-2003 wo 0248299 Al 20-06-2002 Us 2004072711 AL 15-04-2004 15-05-2002 27-03-1997 21-12-2000 27-03-1997 13-03-1997 13-03-1997 09-12-1998 09-12-1998, 13-06-2002 12-12-2002 02-09-1998 02-09-1998 16-10-2002 29-06-1999 13-03-1997 13-03-1997 28-04-1981 4203872 A 1134565 AL 531204 B2 5383979 A 1099609 AL 641833 A5 20-05-1980 02-11-1982 11-08-1983 26-06-1980 21-04~1981 15-03-1984 Fone FSTISN pao only a any 20)