6. Two bars of same area and length but of different materials are subjected to same tensile force. If the bars have their axial elongation in the ratio of 4:6, then the ratio of modulus of elasticity of the two materials would be Qye Ra . . Wyt, ~€1 de NX — eG PE 77. A bar, having 1000 mm:¢ cross-sectional area is subjected to axial loads as shown in the figure. What is the value of ee a stress in QR section? (a) 30 MPa compressive (b) 30 MPa tensile (c)50 MPa compressive - - (d) 50 MPa tensile8. The loads acting on a 3 mm diameter bar at different points are as shown in the figure. If E = 205 GPa, the total elongation of the bar will be nearly. ge ee i te s ke (a) 29.7 mm (c) 21.5 mm - [rts (b) 25.6 mm (d) 17.4 mm Aheob+ahxals Ke \ 3 3 38 _-——. | staaad pb" . 4 yom + Sant wy ols @ A = AQF ns9. A rigid beam of negligible weight is supported in a horizontal position by two rods of steel and aluminium, 2 m and 1 m long, having values of cross sectional areas 100 mm?,200 mm2, and young's modulus of 200 GPa and 100 GPa, respectively. A load P is applied as shown in the figure below. If the rigid beam is to remain horizontal then (a) the force P must be applied at the centre of the beam (b) the force on the steel rod should be twice the force on the aluminium rod Ke 2h the force on the aluminium rod should be twice the force on the steelrod =2%1 (d) the forces on both the rods should be equal Ak = AM, il tli ug & 2 _ bl Rt Be 6 HE oT10. Two wires of different materials but of same diameter are connected end to end and a force is applied which stretches them by 1 cm. The two wires will have the (a) Same stress and strain (‘me stress but different stpdin (c) Same strain but different stress (d) Different stress and strain11. A solid metal bar of uniform diameter D and length L is hung vertically. If p is density and E is the Young’s Modulus, then the total elongation due to self weight is (a) plg/2e (b) pl’g/2E, (c) pEg/2L? (d) pl?g/E12. The deformation of a bar under its own weight as compared to that subjected to a direct axial load equal to its own weight will be _Jarfalt (b) double (c) one fourth (d) the same C oo di 39 uv &) = ave) 2 ne oh =se13. The elongation of a freely hanging uniform steel rope. If its length is doubled will increase in the ratio of (a) 2:1 (b) 1:1 A) 4:1 (d) 8:1 son ALL ecg ot.” ary” LE ay La “ut Ola = 4514. A bar uniformly tapering from a diameter d, at one end to a diameter d, at the other end is subjected to an axial tensile load P. The length of the bar is | and the young’s modulus is E. The extension of the bar is pe py PLE ° OS ) edd, t PL A S _——¢ - ‘2 Dd (9. —2! (4) 4pldsdy 47 Ed,d, TE15. The maximum stress produced in a bar of tapering section is at _fefSmaller end (b) larger end (c) middle (d) anywhere é "| yr16. Two tapering bars of the material are subjected to a tensile load P. The length of both the bars are the same. The larger diameter of each of the bars is D. The diameter of the bar A at its smaller end is D/2 and that of the bar B is D/3. What is the ratio of elongation of the bar A to that of the bar B? ° Q (a) 3:2 Ao 4% (c) 4:9 (d) 1:3 a, RW Aya, 2 yt 77) Bi eam17. A round uniformly tapered bar of length L and young’s modulus E has diameter of ‘d’ at one end and ‘2d’_at the and “d+ —— other end. If the bar is pulled by an axial force F, the extension a _ BY La 4 produced will be A 1 4 EQ Ls Se Ot Taae (9% (a) 2224 i FS & ‘2 4 eet8 - am XY a18. A steel bar of 5 mm is heated from 15°C to 40 °C o and it is free to expand. The bar will induce 4 =~ 28 C — _tefNo stress (b) Shear stress © mn ae (c) Tensile Stress (d) Compressive stress C-Xt — __19. A circular rod of length L and area of cross section A has a modulus of elasticity E and coefficient of thermal expansion a. One end of the rod is fixed and ifine end is free. If the temperature of the rod is increased b(t hen Stress developed in the rod is zero and strain developed in the rod is(@AT (b) Both stress and strain developed in the rod are zero (c) Stress developed in the rod is EaAT and strain developed in the rod is #AT (d) Stress developed in the rod is EaAT and strain developed in the rod is zero20. A steel rod 2m long is heated through a temperature of ans 100°C. The coefficient of linear expansion is 6.5 x 10°°/°C and a Young's Modulus is 2 x 10° N/m?, the stress induced in the peace in heal bar will be : Tr Ek At (a) 1000 N/m? (b) 1200 N/m2 Jey 1300 N/m? (d) 1400 N/m2 my 2, ee Gisx on Lod = |SxIve =a (5,00 is Ie UY21. A steel rod 10 mm in diameter and 1 m long is heated__ from 20 °C to 120 °C,E = 200 GPa and o = 12 x 10° per °C. -—_ If the rod is not free to expand, the thermal stress developed is (a) 120 MPa (tensile) (b) 240 MPa (tensile) (c) 120 MPa (comp. _ tay 240 MPa (comp.) od + = Qfxk x Lene S ten, = 240 Mis SY =22. Temperature stress are set up in a material when (a) It is free to expand or contract (b) It is first heated then cooled (c) It is first cooled and then heated its expansion and contraction is restrained23. A straight bimetallic strip of copper and steel is heated. It is free at ends. The strip will (a) Expand and remain straight (b) Not expand but bend Expand and bend also (d) First only Ko PX , | a a24. The temperature stress is a function of 1. Co-efficient of linear expansion 2. Temperature rise 3. Modulus of elasticity. The correct answer is (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only (b) (c) 2 and 3 only —67 1, 2 and 3 i E25. A 200 x 100 x 50 mm steel block is subjected to a hydrostatic pressure of 15 MPa. The Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of —x—- the material are 200 GPa and 0.3 respectively. The change in the eee —___ volume of the block is AV=1 Y= vox logs ee (a) 100 mm? (b) 110 mm? = _ AP =\s (c) 85 mm? 1890 mm? K ~ C a E = 3k(|-ax) iN eeSTRENGTH OF MATERIALS ICA ENGINEERING ACADEMYBENDING MOMENT AND SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM — bop 4 SPD - Internal force and internal momentum in a Beam c/s. _ —_— SS - To calculate stresses and deflection in beam 6s - Beam :a structural element used to suport transverse load. ” \a as 7 4 gad wy jor ir! 7 - Distance between two adjacent supports is called span WT Ge [77 ———— - Applied loads make every cross-section to face bending and shearing Eg : beams in room to support roof railway tracks bridges shaftsTYPES OF SUPPORTS 1. Simple Support: beam rests simply on a support =f Reha —> Aeks4) _— i - The reaction at the support is at right angles to the support im a Lh eae Beam is free to move in the direction of its axis and also it is free to rotate about the BOUSESION OF RS axis, PERISRILES tO rotate about suppor, ee - 2. Roller Support: beam end is supported on rollers. - reaction is normal to the support since rollers can be treated as frictionless. It can rotate about the support also.3. Hinged/pinned Support: beam cannot move in any direction. - itcan rotate about the support - The reaction R can be split into its horizontal and vertical components. Re (ae &, 4. Fixed support : beam end is not free to translate or rotate - 3 reactions |Bean ( ranaeg b Seq Praha Sskerincte Shake \ bee OnE! nge inal = Wa. aes 4 = a fe Tone is yy 3 meth) 32 ope ZRya0 4 TM =O | > Cortilerey Besmy rome Ck lover 2 Simp hae fen 5 Cntr besy 3 3 avery Veo. 32 3 Bek Jer.TYPES OF BEAMS 1. Cantilever beam : fixed at one end and free at another end oe 2. Simply supported beam : =—ae—rerreaeeeeee4. Propped cantilever beam : one end fixed and the other end simply supported —_— a A forks ey 1Ve7 ” “ 5. Continuous Beam: A beam is supported at more than two points A PecosTYPES OF LOADING 1. Point load/concentrated load : load is acting on a beam over a very small length 2. Distributed load : load is acting on a beam over a considerable lengtha. Uniformly Distributed Load (UDL): b. Uniformly Varying Load (UVL): 3. External Moment or Coupe : A beam may be subjected to external moment at certain points.SHEAR FORCE - Transverse internal force at a section - Equal to sum of total transverse force either left or right side of the sectionBENDING MOMENT - Internal moment at a section - Equal to sum of moment of all the forces either left or right side of the sectionRELATION BETWEEN LOAD INTENSITY, SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENT oy “dx”Point of maximum BM - If the sign of the S.F changes at the section or - There is a couple at the section Point of contraflexure : - Point at which sign of B.M changes - Curvature of beam changes from sagging to hogging or vice versa1. If a stable simply supported beam have roller support at one a a rs end, then the other end will be : (A) free ) hinged (C) fixed (D) on rollers |-——___ fy zB ©2. When shear force at a point is zero, then bending moment is at the point. (a) Zero (b) Minimum (c) Maximum (d) None of the above3. The given figure shows the shear force diagram for the beam ABCD. Bending moment in the portion BC of the beam (a) Is Zero (b) varies linearly from B to C (c) Parabolic variation between B and C (d) Is anon zero constant4. A continuous beam is one which is (a) fixed at one end and free at the other end (b) fixed at one end and free at the other end _Seaoported on more than two supports (d) extending beyond the supports5. In a beam where shear force is maximum the bending moment will be (a) Maximum (b) zero (c) minimum (d)there no such relation between the two.6. Shear force is (a) Rate of change of loading (b) Sum of bending moments (c) Rate of change of bending moment (d) None of the above7. Which of the following are the statically determinate beams? (a) Cantilevers (b) SSB ——~+> (c) Overhanging beams ~—___ {dF ATl of the above9. Shear force at a section of a horizontal beam is the a) algebraic sum of the vertical forces to any one side of the section ( (b) algebraic sum of the vertical forces on both sides of the section (c) algebraic sum of the moments of all forces on any one side of the section ( d) algebraic sum of the moments of all forces on both sides of the section10. Bending moment is maximum at a section of a beam where (a) Shear force changes from - ve to + ve (b) Shear force is zero (c) Shear force changes from + ve to — ve (d) All the given answers