Lali elma oe Sesh Atypical long metallic surgical instrument hi Finger bows: To grasp the instrument with the thumb and ring finger Catch/Ratchet: To lock the instrument in the desired position Shaft: Length from catch to joint Joint/Shank: Point of junction of blade and shaft. Can be box type or pivot type Blades: From joint to the tip of the instrument ‘Tip of the instrument: Terminal part of the blade which may be sharp or blunt. mR SOR> — Joinvshank Catch lock Pe |— Finger bows Atypical sugrical instrument EXAMINATION TIPS HOWTO HOLD AN INSTRUMENT ‘Thumb and ring finger (Grasping fingers) Index finger ~ mide finger (Guiding finger) (Supporting finger)eee aes Tipcurved at ‘ight angle Fenestrated handle 2 Smal solid blade 1 Toretract skin edges, big vessels and nerves 12 Tipof the blade curved at right angle for better retraction Toretract diferent ayers of abdomen while repairing of tissues ‘posterior wallin inguinal hernia repale | Long handle for better maneuverability 1a To retract rec from midline to reach bladder wall during |B Handles serated, fenestrated for better grip and to ‘gastolithotomy reduce weight. Also used in surgeries lke appendicectomy, varicose vein surgery to retract various layers of abdomen and leg.Peano ‘Operating end —e Hook fr ar Large retractor with broads shaped blades 1. Retracted organ i protected withthe help of sponges! Long handle which ends inthe form ofa hook for beter ‘mops to prevent iatrogenic injury to the organs, Fp. Toretract int. absdominal viscera ike spleen ver dung surgeries ike open cholecystectomy, vagotomy, et Toretract the bladder wall during supra pubic cystathotomy Toretiact the pelvic structures dung surgery of append, caecum, et.MORRIS’ RETR TOR 2 Anteroposteriorly curved blades which provide wider @ Toretract strong structures like abdominal wall, muscles ‘space to work In surgeres ike laparotomy. 1G. Beaked end for better retraction of tissues Fenestrated shaft to reduce weight Serrated handle for better grip.ies eee MAYO’S/DOYEN’S TOWEL CLIP BACKHAUS TOWEL (CORNER) CLIP % Small curved sharp blades which meet or cross each ¢ Same as Doyen’s towel clip but without a pincer like other action Pincerlike instrument (instrument opens upon pressing «> Has shafts, finger bows and catch lock the shaft) Curved sharp ends approximate but do not cross each Blade tips - sharply pointed for firm grasping. other. Ox Tofixthe drape properly to expose the operative site only Tofix the suction tubes, diathermy cables, camera cables tothe drape ‘hold the ribs while elevating them in a stove-in-chest injury Substitute fr tongue holding forceps, umbilical cord holding forceps To give external traction in fracture of small long bones.Ws anne Blades ae straight along the long axls with gap to 2 Tohold thin but tough structures, eg skin, deep fascia, ‘accommodate the tissue in between tectus sheath, ete. Sharp teeth at the tip which interlock on closing with 2 Tohold the frous capsule ofa structure for dissection minimal crushing of tissues | Tohold tough galea while raising skin Naps during & Cateh lock mechanism present. craniotomy | Tohold skin margins while raising skin laps in surgeries. like thyroidectomy, radical neck dissection, MRM (as an alternative to skin hooks) 2 Gan be used in place of towel clipsae aad ed : : ap ttt ae Tip ofthe blades are ova fenestrated and with horizontal {2 Topaint an operative fed frst savion(cetrimide solution) serrations on ts inner aspect followed by spritand 23 coats of povidone-iadine is. Long shaft and blades provided to prevent instrument used from touching the unsterllefeld For abdominal surgeries, area from mid-chest to mid- Catch lock for firm grip of swab sponge. ‘thigh needs to be exposed and painted. occccoe Toclean the operative area For swabbing/packing cavities To hold soft hollow organs like gallbladder fundus in cholecystectomy Can hold cervixin a pregnant patient Can be used in place of ovum forceps Can be used in place o pile holding forceps during hemorrhoidectomy CCan be used asa tongue holding forceps.ERrecreraies axe ee j= Curved, fenestrated blades with ‘transverse serrations on tp 1 Non-traumatic type To hold delicate and soft tissues like append, fallopian Curved and fenestrated blades allow a bulky amount of ‘tube, ureter ete. tissue tobe held in between 2 Tehold gut during colostomy, gastrostomy, etc. Blade tips have transverse serrations & Tohold cut margins of bladder in ransvesical |G Fenestration in the blades makes the instrument light prostatectomy and cystolithotomy. reese net with eh and.ober wh game B Teothed variety- Has a single sharp tooth at the ip of 2 Tohold spermatic cord at deep ring before cutting and, ‘one blade and groove atthe tip of other blade ligating it during high inguinal orchidectomy 1. Blades are conical ad blunt with transverse serations on 2 Tohold Mackenrodt’s ligament along with uterine vessels Inner margins before cuting and ligating it in hysterectomy 1B May be curved or straight {2 Tohold the pedicles with major vessels during surgeries Catch lock present. like splenectomy, nephrectomy, tc 2 Tohold gauze pellets (peanut swabs) for blunt dissection Tohold superficial thyroid vessels and margins ofthe lobe of the thyroid gland during thyroidectomy Tohold ib during rib resection Tohold tough brous fascia of palms and soles & To cause artifical rupture of gestational membranesCuvedbiades with ‘curved tips Similar to Deavor's retractor {To retract urinary bladder, uterus and other pelvic organs 1 Blade is concave and more curved with curved tips during pelvic surgeries. 3 Can be made into aset-retaining type by attaching a lead weight,ease A. PLAIN FORCEPS: 12 Tips are well apposed and do not slip against each other Transverse serrations atthe tp ofthe biades. Tohold delicate structures ike peritoneum, bowel wall vessels, et. ‘Tohold cut margins of intestine during esection anastomosis To dissect cord structures from hernialsacin surgery fo inguinal hernia Toho skin over face and cartilage for suturing purposes Tohold sutures during tension suturing. cococ B, TOOTHED FORCEPS ) “Tooth on one tip ‘and groove on other 1B Tooth at the tip of one blade and groove atthe tip ofthe 1 Tohold tough structure ike skin fascia, rectus sheath, other blade which provides better grip of tissue atc {To retract skin flaps during various surgeries 3 Tohold cut margins of skin while suturing the wound.Pedant arenes ‘on blades Mosquito forceps Curved artery forceps TYPES A. Halsted’s Mosquito Forceps 2 Used as a haemostat Toho the cut edges of fascia, aponeurosis peritoneum Very small in size | Toopen up abscess cavity % Pointed tips Tool ree ends of tension sutures Tocrush the base of appendix ® Hold small pointed bleeding sites Sear peta Raat eae arin pene % To separate glans penis from inner surface of prepuce Bp nae ter ecleceee ois in circumcision. B, Spencer Wells Artery Forceps odes hare breve sera val sroved wh ro ‘gap in between 2 Blades are usually half the length ofthe shaft May be straight or curved 2. Gatch lock mechanism present + May be small/medium/long, Longartery forceps used for drain insertion in peritoneal cavity and holding deeper tissues in surgeries like open cholecystectomy. [2 Mosquito forceps are named so because: > Its so small that itcan hold proboscis of a mosquito > Itsbite on skin resembles a mosquito bite.Rees Lage Medium Groove for needle Sra Nowe node Blades much smaller a compared tohandles laces wrth crs-cros serrations wth 3 groove forthe needle Maybe sort medi long Catch lock present. Toho diferent typeof needles while suring and {Needle held atthe junction of posterior 131d and ligation. anterior2/3d of tslengthA. MAYO’S SCISSORS Mayo's scissors Long and stout scissors. | Tocut tough structures lke external oblique aponeurosis ike appendicectomy, etc. in surgeries ti @ Tocutthe sutures.DOYEN’S GASTROINTESTINAL CLAMP a a 2S 1 Non-crushing type Used for resection anastomosis ofthe intestine in cases Light instrument tke 2 Thinong blades with longitudinal serations on its inner > Accidental injuries to gut aspect > Intestinal fistula/growths 1 Blades do not meet even on complete closure. > Strangulted hernia with enterocele et 2. Moynihan’s gastric occlusion clamp have transverse serations ont blades. J. Payer's gastric crushing clamp have blades with deep serrations with interiockng teth and grooves atthe tip t lock the blades flly with no space in between. 2 Parker-Kerr lamp ate crushing clamps with single teth and socket at tps ike Kocher’ forceps.Instrument: SENN RETRACTOR Other names: Cat paw retractor Description: Double-ended, handheld retractor in which one end has three sharp or dull claws and the other end is a small, narrow, laterally bent blade. Use(s): Used for retraction of skin edges and deeper tissues of small incisions. In thyroid surgery to raise the flaps.