1

Nature and Concept

of Management
Definition of Management

Force that runs an

enterprise and is responsible
for its success and failure
Performance of conceiving
and achieving desired result
by means of group effort
consisting of utilizing human
talents and resources
3
 MEN PLANNING ORGANIZING STAFFING

MONEY

MATERIALS
PROFIT
MACHINES

METHODS

MARKET DIRECTING CONTROLLING

4
MANAGEMENT AS A SCIENCE AND AS AN ART

Management is both art and

science. It is an art because it
results in the accomplishment of
objectives through the use of
human efforts.

Management is a science because it

is a systematic body of knowledge 5
Evolution of
Management
Theories
6
The Classical or Traditional School

The classical theory of management is built on principles.

Classical theorists believed and prescribed certain
principles that would aid in setting up and managing
organization.

The classical management theory developed from efforts

to find the “one best way” to perform and manage tasks

7
Henri Fayol was a French
industrialist who was the
first to issue a complete
statement on a theory of
general management
8
14 Principles of Management by Henri Fayol

1. Division of Work – this is the assignment of

specialized jobs to various departments and/or
positions.
2. Authority and Responsibility
Authority is the power or the right to entrusted to
make the work possible.
Responsibility as the duty of work assigned to a
particular position
9
14 Principles of Management by Henri Fayol

Unity of Command Subordination of Remuneration

Individual Interest to
General Interest
Employees should Remuneration and
received orders method of payment
from one superior/ The interest of one should be fair and
manager only employee or group afford the maximum
of employees should possible satisfaction
not prevail over the to employees and
interest of the employer.
business
10
14 Principles of Management by Henri Fayol

Centralization Scalar Chain Stability of Tenure

A system of “chains of superior” Employees should

management from the highest to be given enough
wherein major the lowest ranks. time and period to
policies are made prove his worth to
only by the top the company.
management

11
14 Principles of Management by Henri Fayol

“Esprit de Corps” Span of Control Simplicity

This principle Refers to the Unnecessary

explains that “in specific and limited elements should be
union there is number of eliminated from all
strength” It subordinates that a activities as well as
emphasizes the manager can from the process
need for teamwork effectively handle and procedures
and the importance and control established for
of communication in carrying them
obtaining it 12
14 Principles of Management by Henri Fayol

Unity of Direction Order Equity

One boss and one Ensure a place for Results from

plan for a group of everything kindness and
activities having the justice.
same objective

13
Scientific Management by
Frederick Taylor

Frederick Winslow Taylor

the father of
scientific management. He
believed in a “science of
management” based on
observation,
measurement, analysis and
improvement of work
method for doing each job. 14
Four Principles of Scientific Management

1. Develop a science for each element of a man’s

work, to replace the old rule-of-thumb method
2. Scientifically select and then train the worker
3. Heartily cooperate with the men to ensure that
all the work done is in accordance with the
principles of the science develop for the work
4. Divide the work and the responsibility equally
between management and the workers. 15
 Human Relations School

The human relations theory emphasizes exactly what the

classical theory ignored: the human element.
the human relations theorists contend that an employee
must be treated as a human being and not as mere factor
of production.
16
 MODERN MANAGEMENT
Harold Koontz
contends that the
development of
There is no such theory as
modern
management the modern management
theory has led to
Place your screenshot here
theory since there is no
a kind of
one theory accepted by all
destructive jungle
warfare and the theorists in the field.
management
theory looks like
a jungle.
17
 Modern Management
Modern management can
be classified into three
different levels.
Top Management
• Develops and reviews long-
range plans and strategies
• Evaluate overall performance
of various departments and
ensures cooperation
• Consults subordinate,
manages on subjects or
problems of general scope
18
 Modern Management

Middle Management
Modern management can • Makes plans of intermediate range and
be classified into three prepare long-range plans for review by top
management
different levels. • Analyzes managerial performance to
determine capability and readiness for
promotion
• Establishes departmental policies
• Councels subordinates on production,
personnel or other problems
• Selects and recruits personnel

19
 Modern Management
Modern management can
be classified into three
different levels.
Supervisory Management
• Makes detailed, short-range
operating plans
• Reviews performance of
subordinates
• Supervise day-to-day
operations
• Makes specific task
assignments
• Maintains close contact with 20
operative employees
THANKS!
Any questions?

21
CREDITS

Special thanks to all the people who made and

released these awesome resources for free:
▪ Presentation template by SlidesCarnival
▪ Photographs by Unsplash

22