TRNG HBK H NI

KHOA IN T VIN THNG

BO CO MN HC
K THUT VIN THNG
TI : TM HIU V CNG NGH WIMAX

Sinh vin Lp Khoa

:Cao Ngc Quang :T6-K48 :TVT

H Ni 03/05/07

NI DUNG BO CO
1. Gii thiu chung 2. Cc c im v k thut ca WIMAX 2.1 Di tn lm vic 2.2 Lp vt l PHY (physical layer) 2.3 Lp iu khin truy nhp ng truyn MAC (Media Access Control) 2.4 m ha bo mt 2.5 Gii thiu IEEE 802.16e
3. Cc phng php iu ch 3.1 OFDM 3.2. PSK,M-QAM 4. So snh, nh gi WIMAX vi mt s cng ngh khc. 5. Nhn xt

6.Tng lai ng dng ca WIMAX

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.Gii thiu chung

WIMAX l g?
WiMAX l t vit tt ca Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access Kh nng tng tc ton cu vi truy nhp vi ba. WiMAX l mt cng ngh cho php truy cp bng rng v tuyn n u cui (last mile) nh mt phng thc thay th cho cp v DSL. WIMAX cho php kt ni bng rng v tuyn c nh, nomadic, mang xch c,di ng m khng cn thit trong tm nhn thng . (Line of sight) trc tip ti mt trm gc. WIMAX c hai phin chnh: WIMAX c nh (Fixed WIMAX) WIMAX di ng (Mobile WIMAX).

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Lch s ra i
Chun 802.16 c xy dng t vin k thut in v in t vo nm 1999, nhng tiu chun u tin c a ra v c c th gii chp nhn phi vo nm 2001. 2003->802.16a 2004->802.16d 2005->802.16e

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2. Cc c im v k thut ca WIMAX
2.1 Di tn lm vic
Di tn lm vic ca WIMAX rt rng. Phin bn u tin WIMAX (IEEE 802.16) cho php gii tn hot ng t 10 n >66 GHz. n nm 2004, phin bn 802.16a ->802.16d thm vo di tn t 2 n 11 GHz. Cc bng tn c th ca WiMax ang tp trung xem xt v vn ng c quan qun l tn s cc nc phn b cho WiMax l: 3600-3800MHz, 3400-3600MHz (bng 3.5GHz), 33003400MHz (bng 3.3GHz), 2500-2690MHz (bng 2.5GHz), 2300-2400MHz (bng 2.3GHz), 5725-5850MHz (bng 5.8GHz)
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2.2 Lp vt l PHY (physical layer)

10 66 GHz: Trong thit k ca c t PHY cho 10 66 GHz, s truyn lan line-of-sight (tm nhn khng b vt cn) l cn thit. Do kin trc imnhiu im, v c bn, BS truyn mt tn hiu TDM vi nhng trm thu bao ring l c nh v nhng khe thi gian theo chu k. 211 GHz: Lp vt l 211 GHz c thit k do nhu cu theo hng hot ng NLOS (non-line-ofsight). V cc ng dng mang tnh dn c, s truyn phi c thc hin theo nhiu ng.
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Chun c thit k h tr cho c phng thc song cng theo thi gian (Time Division Duplex - TDD) v song cng theo tn s (Frequency Division Duplex - FDD) cho vic phn chia truyn dn hng ln v hng xung. TDD, ti ng ln v ng xung dng chung mt knh nhng khng truyn cng lc v FDD, ti ng ln v ng xung hot ng trong nhng knh ring bit.

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Vi TDD, ng uplink v downlink c t vo cc burst khng lin tc c cc khong bo v trnh nhiu khi dng chung mt knh.

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Cu trc khung cho TDD

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Cu trc khung FDD

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Gia PHY v MAC l mt lp con hi t truyn Transmission. Lp ny thc hin s bin i cc PDU (protocol data units) gia 2 lp.

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2.3 Lp iu khin truy nhp ng truyn MAC (Media Access Control)

MAC c thit k c bit cho mi trng truy cp khng dy im ti a im (point-to-multipoint PMP). N h tr cho cc lp cao hn v giao thc giao vn nh ATM, Ethernet hay Internet Protocol IP v cng c thit k sao cho c kh nng ph hp vi cc giao thc trong tng lai. MAC c tc bit rt cao ln n 268 mbps mi chiu

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MAC bao gm nhng lp con quy t chuyn bit v dch v giao din vi nhng lp cao hn, pha trn lp con phn chung (common part) MAC nng ct thc hin nhng chc nng MAC ch yu. Bn di lp con phn chung l lp con bo mt (security sublayer).

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Nhng lp con quy t chuyn bit v dch v

Tin hnh chuyn i cc gi tin t cc nh dng ca mng khc thnh cc gi tin ph hp vi nh dng IEEE 802.16. Lp ny nm trn nh ca MAC, thc hin nhn cc PDU t cc lp cao hon, phn lp dch v cc PDU v phn phi xung lp con phn chung.

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Lp con phn chung (common part sublayer)

Cung cp cc chc nng chnh ca MAC bao gm -chc nng truy nhp - phn b bng thng - thit lp - qun l kt ni. S trao i thng tin gia cc trm gc (Base Station BS) v trm thu bao (Subcriber Station - SS) trong mt vng a l theo cc kin trc: im im (Point to Point), im a im (Point to MultiPoint) v kin trc kt hp (Mesh).
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M hnh point-to-poin

M hnh Point-to-MultiPoint

M hnh kt ni dng Mesh

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Lp con bo mt (security sublayer)

Cung cp cc c ch chng thc, trao i kha v m ha. Lp con bo mt cung cp c ch iu khin truy nhp tin cy, m bo an ton d liu trn ng truyn, khc phc vic truy cp tri php cc dch v bng vic m ha cc lung dch v.

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2.4 m ha v bo mt
S m ha trong qu trnh truyn nhn :

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Ngu nhin ha
Qu trnh c gi l ngu nhin nhng thc cht ch l s gi ngu nhin. Tc l mt cm cc bit u vo s c bin i sao cho xc sut xut hin cc bit 0 v 1 l tng ng nhau, chng li hin tng qu nhiu bit 0 v bit 1 cng xut hin. -m bo c s ng b vi bn thu, ng h bn thu s d dng c khi ph hn, qua s gii iu cng d hn -i vi cc thit b m khng c c b gii iu ch ngu nhin th cc tn hiu ny ging nh cc tn hiu nhiu, tp m (xc sut bit 1 v 0 l ngang nhau), n s khng thu nhn c.
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M ha sa li
y l qu trnh m ha sa li trong trng hp cc bit b hng, b sai trn ng truyn. Dng 2 loi m khi v m chp. D liu c m ha bng m khi, sau s c m ha bng m chp.

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Bng thng k m ha sa li

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Qu trnh xen k

Qu trnh nhm h tr vic khi phc thng tin bn thu. Phng trng hp li bit xy ra mt cm lin tc nhau. Cc cm bit s c truyn xen k vi nhau.

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2.5 Gii thiu IEEE 802.16e IEEE 802.16-2005 hay IEEE 802.16e (WIMAX di ng) l phin bn ci tin ca chun WIMAX c nh, cho php truy cp khng dy c nh hay ang di chuyn Non Light of Sight vi cc c im: Ci tin vng bao ph NLOS bng cch s dng thut ton T ng yu cu truyn li lai hybrid Automatic Retransmission Request (hARQ). Tng vng bao ph v tc d liu vi gim phn tp a ng bng cch s dng H thng anten thch ng (Adaptive Antenna Systems - AAS) v cng ngh nhiu u vo nhiu u ra (Multiple Input Multiple Output MIMO). S dng thut ton bin i Fourier nhanh FFT trnh c tr do thi gian truyn sng v nhiu.
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3.1 iu ch phn chia tn s trc giao(OFDM).

Mt ph nng lng ca h thng a sng mang FDM

3.Cc phng php iu ch

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Mt ph nng lng ca tn hiu iu ch OFDM

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OFDM da vo tnh cht ton hc trc giao .

Cc ph tn hiu sng mang ph th p c dch chuyn vo ph ca knh
e jp s t

ph th q bng cch nhn vi hm phc tn s gia 2 sng mang. iu ny c kim chng nh sau:
( k +1)Ts

vi s =2fs l khong cch

kTs

jps t

(e

jqst *

) dt =

( k +1)Ts

kTs

e j ( pq )st dt =

1 e j ( p q )s t j ( p q ) s

t =( k +1)Ts t = kT s

0 , p #q Ts , p = q

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M hnh tng th iu ch OFDM nh sau:

Tn hiu trc b tng

m' k (t ) =

n= L

d k ,n s ' (t kT )e jnst

+L

Tn hiu sau b tng m' (t ) =

k =

' mk (t ) =

k = n = L

d k ,n s ' (t kT )e jn s t
H Ni 03/05/07

+L

3.2 iu ch PSK,M-QAM.
3.2.1 iu ch PSK
* BPSK hay l 2-PSK l iu ch dch pha nh phn l kiu iu ch n gin nht ca PSK.s dng hai pha lch nhau 1800 v c biu din trn lc chm sao nh sau

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S thc hin nh sau:

d liu nh phn c chuyn i thnh tn hiu tng t vi quy lut : thay cho bit "0" thay cho bit "1"
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T l li bit
Pb =

2 Eb Q N 0

Vi :
Pb xc sut li bt. Eb nng lng ca mi bit N0 nhiu mt cng sut ph. Q(x) hm xc sut

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* QPSK dng 4 trng thi pha thay th cho dng bit vo

m t qua lc chm sao

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S thc hin
S tn hiu trong min thi gian nh sau

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3.2.2 iu ch M-QAM
L phng php iu ch m tn hiu c iu ch lm thay i bin ca sng mang.Hai sng mang thng c s dng y l hm Sin v Cos lch pha nhau 900

S thc hin

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tn hiu thu c: S(t) =x(t). Cosct y(t). Sinct ng bao phc(nh x hm s(t) trn min phc): g(t)=x(t) + jy(t) =R(t).ejt
lc chm sao biu din

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s tng quan gia PSK v AQM

Lc chm sao hnh trn cho 16-QAM

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ng bao th hin t l li bt

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4. So snh, nh gi WIMAX vi cc cng ngh khc. WI-FI : Wi-Fi hay Wireless Fidelity l cng ngh mng ni b khng dy (WLAN) da trn tiu chun IEEE 802.11. Trong khi , WiMax (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave) l tp rt gn ca IEEE 802.16 cho vic kt ni Internet bng thng rng khong cch ln.

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3G : c pht trin trn nn cng ngh thng tin di ng v thch hp vi nhng ngi dng di chuyn lin tc tc ln. Tuy WIMAX 802.16e c th mang n cho ngi s dng kh nng truy cp d liu khi ang di chuyn vi tc di 100 km/gi nhng cng cha ph hp vi nhng dch v khng gin on d gi cc c th r hn. Cng ngh cp: cng ngh cp khng nh v th nhng ni khng c tnh di ng nhng i hi cht lng kt ni cao nh thoi video, truyn hnh Internet. Nhng nhng ng dng c tnh di ng th Cap khng th,mt khc vic trin khai cp rt tn km v ch c th thc hin vng th ng dn c.
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5. Nhn xt
WIMAX c cng sut cao hn v bng thng rng: s dng k thut OFDM qua cc c ch iu ch n sng mang vi kh nng cung cp hiu sut bng thng cao hn v do thng lng d liu cao hn vi tc c th t 70Mbit/s. Trm gc c th nh i thng lng ly khong cch

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Chi ph thp hn: CPE v tuyn c nh c th s dng cng loi chipset modem c s dng trong my tnh c nhn (PC) v PDA, v khong cch gn cc modem c th t lp t trong nh CPE s tng t nh cp, DSL v cc trm gc c th s dng cng loi chipset chung c thit k cho cc im truy cp WIMAX Chun cho truy cp v tuyn c nh v di ng: WIMAX s tr thnh mt gii php chi ph hp l nht cho cc nh khai thc trin khai cc ng dng v tuyn c nh v di ng cho cc my xch tay v PDA. WIMAX b sung trn vn cho 3G v Wi-Fi. WIMAX cho php cc dch v nh thoi v email l nhng dch v i hi mng c tr thp hot ng c.
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6.Tng lai ng dng ca WIMAX

Cng ngh WIMAX l gii php cho nhiu loi ng dng bng rng tc cao cng thi im vi khong cch xa v cho php cc nh khai thc dch v hi t tt c trn mng IP cung cp cc dch v: d liu, thoi v video. WIMAX vi s h tr QoS, kh nng vn di v cng sut d liu cao c dnh cho cc ng dng truy cp bng rng c nh nhng vng xa xi, ho lnh cng nh khu vc thnh th cc nc ang pht trin
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WIMAX c kh nng thay th ng Leased-line - gip trin khai dch v nhanh hn ng cp quang thay ng DSL gip tip cn nhanh hn cc i tng ngi dng bng rng Cc im hotspot Wi-Fi gip gim gi thnh ng Leased-line v trin khai cc im hostspot mt cch nhanh chng hn Kh nng roaming gia cc dch v Wi-Fi v WiMax mang li nhiu li ch cho ngi s dng.
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M hnh roaming wimax-wifi

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Kh khn gp phi khi trin khai

Gi c thit b u cui hin cn t. C s lng hn ch cc nh sn xut cc thit b u cui. Vic chun ho thit b kh ng nht do kh nng mm do,linh hot (flexibility) ca WiMAX. Vic kt ni, nh s, cht lng dch v, bo mt v an ton mng cn nghin cu c th. Cn mt chi ph ln phi b ra pht trin h tng cho mt h thng mi trong khi h thng c vn cn cha c s dng ht. H Ni 03/05/07

Tnh hnh trin khai WiMAX

B BCVT hin ch cp php th nghim WiMAX c nh tiu chun 802.16-2004 Rev d bng tn 3,3 GHz-3,4 GHz nhm nh gi c cng ngh v kh nng thng mi cc dch v trn nn WiMAX. Hin c 4 doanh nghip c cp php th nghim cng ngh WiMAX c nh bng tn 3,3 GHz : Tng cng ty Bu chnh Vin thng Vit Nam-VNPT Tng cng ty truyn thng a phng tin-VTC (forumwimax) Cng ty c phn vin thng FPT Telecom Tng cng ty vin thng qun i-Viettel VDC (thuc VNPT) chnh l n v u tin cho trin khai th nghim loi hnh dch v v cng ngh tin tin ny. WiMax do VDC trin khai th nghim hot ng trong di tn t 3,3GHz n 3,4GHz, vi thit b nhp t hng Alvarion - sn phm BreezeMAX H Ni 03/05/07

Cm n s theo di ca mi ngi!