ARTIFICIAL FEEDING

Introduction:
Infant formula feeding is manufactured foods are designed and
marked for feeding to babies and infants under 12 months of age. Usually
prepared for bottle feeding or cup feeding from powder. (mixed with water) or
liquid.
Definition:
The process of feeding someone using methods that is not natural for
examples feeding a patient through a tube or a baby using a bottle. Feeding of a
baby with food other than mother’s milk.
Indication
In most cases infant formula is used to avoid the discomfort of breast
feeding or expressing breast milk as perceived by the mother. Physical
discomfort such as nipple pain and changes in the shape of the breast and the
mother health:
 The mother is entered with HIV or has active tuberculosis she is
malnourished
 Had breast surgery
 Taking drugs that could harms the baby
 Drink unsafe levels of alcohol
 The baby is unable to breast feed
 The child has birth defect or inborn errors of metabolism such as
galactosemia that makes breast feeding difficulty or impossible
 Personal preferences beliefs and experiences
 The mother may dislike breast feeding or think it inconvenient. Mother is
having traumatic stress disorders
 Absence of mothers
 The child is adopted ,orphaned, abdoned or in the custody of a man
  The mother is separated from her child by being in prison or a hospital
working abroad mother
 Food allergies : the mother eats food that may provoke an allergic
reactions in the infant
 Mothers employment : interfere with breast feeding
 Societal structure : breast feeding may be forbidden at the mothers job
school ,place of worship or in other public places.
 Lack of training : the mother is not trained sufficiency to breast feed
without pain and to produce enough milk
 Lactation insufficiency :the mother is unable to produce sufficient milk
Cleansing and sterilization of articles used for feeding

Definition: it is the process by which pathogenic microorganisms from articles

/utensils used for feeding .
Purpose: To keep feeding utensils and milk feed free of microorganism.
Equipment
 Sauce pan with lid
 Two cups with lid
 Paladai
 Spoon
 Soap solution
 Scrubber
 Bottle brusher
 Electric boiler
 Sterile drum to keep sterile equipments
 Cheatle forces in bottle with boiled cooled water

Procedure
 Rinse the feeding bottle with running water then using soap solution
 Clean the bottle with bottle brush
 Mouth of the bottle to be washed first using rotatory movements with
brush then wash outside and inside of the bottle similarly
  Treat to be cleaned thoroughly wash all other equipment using scrubber
 Pour water in to boiler
 Put equipments excluding rubber or plastic articles in to the electric boiler
 Keep for 7 minutes from the time water starts to boil
 Put rubber and plastic articles and boil for another 3 minutes
 Ensure that all articles are completely immersed in water
 Remove all articles and equipment from the boiler using chetle forceps
 Place then in a sterile drum

Formula preparation
Definition: A sterile method of preparing milk feed.
Purpose: To keep free of microorganisms, To provide artificial feeding
depending up on the articles
Equipments
 A tray containing
 Towel
 Boiled and cooled water in a kettle
 Basin with water to cool milk
 Paladai 9(sterile)
 Sugar in container with spoon
 Stammer
 Spoon
 Ounce glass
 Pick up clam in sterile water
Formula preparation:
 30 ml boiled water + 1 scoop powder
 60 ml boiled water +2 scoop powder
 90 ml boiled water +3 scoop powder
At one year baby wants to get : 210 ml water +7 scoop powder
1 scoop : 4.8 g
Procedure
 Check doctors order and calculate accordingly
 Place all sterile equipment on tray using pick up clamp
 Measure required amount of water and milk and pour in to sauce pan
 Add one teaspoon of sugar for every 90 ml of milk
 Keep sauce pan covered till milk reaches boiling point
 Stir milk to prevent cream formation
 Cool the milk by keeping sauce pan in basin of water until it is warm
enough for child to drink
 Pour required amount of water in the other cup
 Clean the area with duster
Paladai feeding
Definition : method of oral administration of fluid /semi solid food to an infant
by means of paladai.
Purpose
 To supplement and substitute breast feeds
 To meet nutritional needs
Equipments
 A tray lined with
 towel ,
 paladai,
 a cup with lid,,
 sterile water,(boiled and cooled) in a cup,
 bib/towel
 draw sheet or mackintosh
 student gown.

Procedure
  Explain procedure to mother/mother substitute
 Wash hands with soap and water
 Take prepared feed and note amount
 Take all necessary articles to the bed side
 Make sure that infant is dry and clean
 Wear gown
 Place mackintosh and a draw sheet under infants buttocks to prevent
soiling of clothes of nurse.
 Sit comfortably in a chair /stool ,mummify infant if needed only
 Hold infant comfortably at breast level in a semi fowlers position with
infants head in the crook of her arm
 Place a bib or towel around the neck to prevent soiling of infants dress
 To test temperature of milk ,drop a few drops in inner aspect of the wrist
 Pour milk in to paladai ,place it in the mouth press the tongue gently
and pour the milk posterior part of tongue.
 Observe for swallowing and check for any abnormalities like cough,
 Give 5-10 ml of sterile water after feed to rinse mouth
 After feed ,burp infant by gently rubbing or tapping back
 Place infant in right lateral position to facilitate quick emptying of
stomach . (The literature supports the right lateral position for enhancing
gastric emptying or motility and left lateral position for GER in the
uncomplicated patient with one gastrointestinal concern ).
 Wash and replace articles
 Record accurately amount offered and amount taken and tolerance of
feed
Bibliography
 C. Mannivannan, Text Book Of Paediatric Nursing, First
Edition.2009,Emmess Medical Publishes,Banglore,Page No :386
 Marilyn J .Huckleberry, Essentials Of Paediatric Nursing, Seventh
Edition , Jaypee Publications Page No : 230-234
 Dorothy R Marlow Barbara A Redding, Text Book Of Paediatric Nursing
,Elsevier Publication, Page No :371-373