PHARMACY SECTION

GUIDELINES
for
UHS SESSION 2022

SUBJECT ADVISORY COMMITTEE

NAME DESIGNATION INSTITUTION

Prof. M Saeed Anwar Akhtar Saeed Medical & Dental College,
Professor
(Chairperson) Lahore
Prof. Abira Nazir Professor Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan
Professor Rashid Latif Medical and Dentall College,
Prof. Sajida Begum
Lahore
Services Institute of Medical Sciences,
Prof. Tehseen Abaid Professor
Lahore
Prof. Saeed Akram Professor Rai Medical College, Sargodha
Shaikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar
Prof . Mazhar Hussain Professor
Khan
Dr. Khursheed Anwer Associate Professor Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur
Professor (Co-Opted Akhtar Saeed Medical & Dental College,
Prof. Maryam Rashid
Member) Lahore
Prof. Saba Tariq Professor (Co-Opted University Medical and Dental College,
Member) Faisalabad
Associate Professor
Dr. M Imran Ashraf Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore
(Co-Opted Member)
 UNOBSERVED STATION 1
(05 marks)

(Dosage form, dosage calculations (initial, loading & maintenance dosages

according to age & weight, calculation of rate- IV infusion)

Clark’s Rule:
Child Dose = Weight in pounds (lbs) x Adult dose
150

= Weight (kg) x Adult dose

70
Young’s Formula:

Child Dose = Age (years) x Adult dose

Age + 12

Plasma half-life (t1/2):

t1/2 = 0.693 x Volume of distribution (Vd)

Clearance (Cl)
Loading dose (LD):

LD = Vd x Desired Plasma Conc

Bioavailability (f)

Maintenance dose (MD):

MD = Dosing Rate × Dosing interval

Bioavailability (f)

Or

= Clearance x Desired Plasma Conc

Bioavailability (f)

Volume of distribution (Vd):

Vd = Total dose administered in the body (D)

Plasma concentration (Cp)

Adjustment of dosage when elimination is altered by disease

Corrected dosage = Average dosage X Patients CLcr

100mL/min
RATE OF INFUSION

1: To calculate I/V drip rate based on volume of fluid to be infused.

Drop/min = Vol. CC x Drop Factor of IV set

Time in min

2: To calculate I/V drip rate for a medication that is administered based on a

specified dosage to be infused per min

Drop/min = Dosage/min to be administration × Drop factor

Conc. Of medication /ml
.
Hint: Unit of measurement of conc. & dosage are the same (e.g., both in mg).

3: To calculate i/v drip rate for a medication that is administered based on a

specified dosage/kg of body wt/min.

Drop/min = Desired dosage/min × wt. in kg × Drop factor

Conc. Of medication /ml.

Hint: Unit of measurement of cone & dosage are the same (e.g., both in mg).

4: DROP FACTOR (Drip Factor)

The drop factor is the number of drops in one milliliter, used in IV fluids administration (also
called drip factor), it is normally given to you by the manufacturer on the IV administration
set. It will either be 20, 21 or 22 drops/ml or for a micro drip (Burette) 60drops/ml.

Note: Different values will be asked. Other simple calculations mentioned in syllabus, related
to the headings can also be given in exams
 UNOBSERVED STATION 2
(05 marks)

ABBREVIATIONS

Reference: Basic & Clinical Pharmacology by Katzung; 14 th Edition. Chapter 65: Rational
Prescribing & Prescription Writing: Page 1149
 WEIGHTS & MEASURES

NOTE: Common conversion like liters to ml, kg to gm to mg to nano & pico grams, can also be
asked.

Reference: Basic & Clinical Pharmacology by Katzung; 14 th Edition. Chapter 65: Rational
Prescribing & Prescription Writing: Page 1148
 UNOBSERVED STATION 3 & 4
(05 marks each)

Clinical scenario for prescription writing/P-drug

1. Angina
2. Mild to moderate hypertension
3. Mild to moderate bronchial asthma
4. Acute attack of bronchial asthma
5. Acid peptic disease
6. Motion sickness
7. Acute Diarrhea
8. Amoebic dysentery
9. Bacillary dysentery
10. Pseudomembranous colitis
11. Uncomplicated UTI
12. Typhoid fever
13. Round worm infestation
14. Tuberculosis
15. Community acquired pneumonia
16. Malaria
17. Sore throat
18. Iron deficiency anemia
19. Allergic rhinitis
20. Migraine

Any prescription other than mentioned above in syllabus uploaded on UHS website

IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS:
Standard pattern of writing a prescription

Parts of prescription?

P-drug, Inscription, subscription, superscription, rationale prescribing, OTC drugs, legal drugs
 PARTS OF PRESCRIPTION
1. PRESCRIBER INFORMATION
 Doctor name
 Qualification
 Clinic address
 Telephone Number

2. PATIENT INFORMATION
 Name
 Age
 Sex
 Address

3. DATE:

4. SUPERSCRIPTION: ‘RX’ abbreviation of Greek word Recipie means “Take Thou” or

“you take”.

5. INSCRIPTION:
Main body or principle part of prescription.
It includes:
1. Name of drug
2. Dosage
3. Concentration

6. SUBSCRIPTION:

“Instructions to pharmacist from the prescriber.”

It includes;
 Dosage form
 Required or no. of doses dispensed by pharmacist
 Duration of treatment
e.g., 1 Tab. × TDS for 7days

7. SIGNA: Represented as ‘Sig’ derived from Latin word Signa which means
instruction to the patient regarding the use of drugs.

8. SIGNATURE OF DOCTOR, POST AND PMDC REG NO.

Points to Remember: It is preferable to write the generic names of the drugs

Metric system is used.
Should be written legibly, complete & concise on a composed paper
There should not be any incompatibility.
 EXAMPLE

ACUTE LVF: (Acute left ventricular Failure / Pulmonary Edema)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Dr ABC
Qualification
Hospital Name
Address Hospital / Clinic
Contact number of hospital/doctor
Date ----------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pateint name : Mr XYZ
Age 55 years, Male
Resident of ------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Diagnosis; Acute LVF

Rx
1. Inj. Furosemide 40mg
I/V × stat
2. Oxygen Inhalation 6 liters/min
3. Inj. morphine 10 mg
I/V × stat

Signa/ Instructions / Note:- ( Not mandatory)

Patient must be in propped up position

Dr ABC
Post : MO ICU.
PMDC No. 12345
 EXAMPLE

ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK:

A 30 years old Mr XYZ, resident of ___________ _____collapsed after he was given injection
penicillin. His skin is cold and clammy. Peripheral pulses are not palpable. BP is not recordable.
Your diagnosis is anaphylactic shock. Write down a prescription to treat him.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr ABC
Qualification
Hospital Name
Address Hospital / Clini
Contact number of hospital/doctor
Date ----------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pateint name : Mr XYZ
Age 55 years, Male
Resident of ------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Diagnosis; Anaphylactic shock

Rx
1. Inj. Adrenaline 1:1000 (0.5mg)
0.5 ml I/M repeated every 5 min
2. Inf. 0.9% Normal Saline.
Rapid infusion – one liter to be given over half hour
3. Inj. Pheniramine 25 mg
I/V × stat
then every 6-8 hours as needed
4. Inj. Hydrocortisone. 200mg
I/V × 6 hourly for 2 to 4 doses

Signa/Note / Instructions: (Not mandatory)

Maintain airway & Raise foot end
O2 inhalation 6 liters/min
Cardiac monitoring
Dr ABC
MO ICU.
PMDC No. 12345
 UNOBSERVED STATION 5
(05 marks)

Normal saline & Dextrose water

Sr.
Ingredients (Conc. = gm/ 100 ml)
No
1 Normal Saline 0.9

2 Half Normal Saline 0.45

3 5 % Dextrose Water 5

4 10 % Dextrose Water 10
10 gm dextrose
5 10 % Dextrose Saline
0.9 Sodium Chloride
5 gm dextrose
6 5 % Dextrose in half Normal saline
0.45 gm Sodium Chloride

Note: Different amounts of solution will be asked e.g. for 500 ml 5% dextrose water in half
normal saline

Amount (gm) Amount (gm)

Ingredients required for required for
100 ml 500 ml

5 % Dextrose Water 5 25
Half Normal Saline 0.45 2.25
Water 100 ml 500 ml
 Ringer Lactate Composition
Sr.
Ingredients (USP) (Conc. = gm/100 ml) (Conc. = gm/Liter)
No
1 NaCl 0.6 6
2 KCl 0.03 0.3
Calcium Chloride * 2H2O
3 0.02 0.2
(CaCl2 2H2O)
Sodium Lactate
4 0.31 3.1
(NaCl 3H503)
5 pH 6.0 - 7.5 6.0 - 7.5

SULPHUR OINTMENT
Percentage of Ingredients:

Sulphur Powder (Active Ingredients) = 10 %

Soft Paraffin (Base) = 90 %

CALCULATIONS

Sr. Amount for Example:

Ingredients
No 100 gm Amount for 12 gm

1 Sulphur Powder (Active Ingredients) 10 (10/100) x 12 = 1.2 gm

2 Soft Paraffin (Base) 90 (90/100) x 12 = 10.8 gm

Note: Different quantities of ointment will be asked. Above values are for 12 gm ointment..
 CARMINATIVE MIXTURES
Example
Sr. Amount for 30 ml Amount for 60 ml
Solution
No (One Dose)
(two Dose)
1 NaHCO3 600 mg 1200 mg
2 Spirit Chloroform 0.5 ml 1 ml
3 Tincture Cardamom 2 ml 4 ml
4 Spirit Ammonia Aromatica 1 ml 2 ml
5 Syrup Zingebaris 2 ml 4 ml
6 Water 24.5 ml 49 ml

Note: Different doses will be asked e.g. three, four or any other dose. Above values are for
for one and two doses only.

ORS
Oral Rehydration Solution/ Powder

Sr. No Ingredients (Conc. = gm/L)

1 NaCl 3.5
Sodium Citrate (Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate) 2.9
2 OR Or
Sodium Bicarbonate 2.5
3 KCl 1.5

4 Glucose 20

5 Clean water ( Boiled & Cooled) 1000 ml

Note: Different amounts of solution/powder will be asked e.g. 500, 100, 1500, 2000 or any
other. Above values are for 1000 ml.
Home Made ORS
Boil 1000 ml (Four Glass) of water and allow it to cool down.
Now add
1: Sugar = 6 TSF ( Tea spoon full )
2: Salt = Half TSF ( Tea spoon full )
3: Lemon = Half

And stir it till all ingredients are well mixed.

KMnO4 LOTION

Example for 100 ml 0f 0.1 % KMnO4 LOTION USING STOCK SOLUTION

Stock Solution:
If percentage of stock solution is not mention then it is considered as 1 % i.e. 1 gm in 100ml of
water
Required Solution: (0.1 % )
0.1 % means 0.1 gm in 100ml of solution
FORMULA: C1 V1 = C2 V2
C1 = Concentration of Stock Solution (%) = 1
V1 = Volume of Stock Solution (ml) = ?
C2 = Concentration of Required Solution (%) = 0.1
V2 = Volume of Required Solution (ml) = 100

C1 V1 = C2 V2, V1 = (C2 V2) ÷ C1, V1 = (0.1 x 100) ÷ 1 , 10 ml

STOCK SOLUTION required for 100 ml KMnO4 solution = 10 ml

WATER REQUIRED for 100ml KMnO4 solution = 100 – 10ml (Stock Solution) = 90 ml

Note: Different amounts of solution with different concentration can be asked e.g. 50 ml, 60,
80, 100, 150, 200 with 0.1% 0.2% or any other.. Above values are for 100ml of 0.1 % KMnO 4
 UNOBSERVED STATION 6
(05 marks)

BIOSTATISTICS

1. DEFINITIONS / CONCEPT OF Biostatistics, Mean, median, mode, range SD, SEM, T Test,
2. CALCULATIONS OF Mean, median, mode, range SD, SEM, T Test.
3. ANAYLYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF simple Data, Graphs, Figures , curves etc

(Simple Calculators will be allowed for this station but NOT MOBILE APP CALCULATORS)

S.D1 S.E1
Sr. Parameter Mean Deviation
Deviation2 ∑Deviation2 2
No. (X) (M1) (M1 - X) ∑𝑑2 ∑𝑑
± ±
(𝑛 − 1) 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)
1
2

3
4

∑ . . ∑
Standard deviation = Standard Error Mean = =
√ ( )

(Full calculation can be asked or just any part of the table can be asked.
There is a division of each part with allocated numbers mentioned
Simple Calculators will be allowed for this station but NOT MOBILE APP CALCULATORS)
 PHARMACOLOGY
SECTION
GUIDELINES
for
UHS SESSION 2022

SUBJECT ADVISORY COMMITTEE

NAME DESIGNATION INSTITUTION

Prof. M Saeed Anwar Professor Akhtar Saeed Medical & Dental College,
(Chairperson) Lahore
Prof. Abira Nazir Professor Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan
Professor Rashid Latif Medical and Dentall College,
Prof. Sajida Begum
Lahore
Professor Services Institute of Medical Sciences,
Prof. Tehseen Abaid
Lahore
Prof. Saeed Akram Professor Rai Medical College, Sargodha
Professor Shaikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar
Prof . Mazhar Hussain
Khan
Dr. Khursheed Anwer Associate Professor Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur
Professor (Co-Opted Akhtar Saeed Medical & Dental College,
Prof. Maryam Rashid
Member) Lahore
Prof. Saba Tariq Professor (Co-Opted University Medical and Dental College,
Member) Faisalabad
Associate Professor
Dr. M Imran Ashraf Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore
(Co-Opted Member)
 1: SOLUTIONS CONCENTRATIONS

Ringer for frog’s rectus Tyrode for Rabbit’s

Sr.
Solution muscle ileum
No
(Conc. = gm/L) (Conc. = gm/L)
1 NaCl 6.5 8.0
2 KCl 0.14 0.2
3 CaCl2 0.12 0.2
4 MgCl2 -- 0.1
5 NaH2P04 0.01 0.05
6 NaHCO3 0.2 1.0
7 Glucose 2.0 1.0
8 pH 7.4 6.5
9 Temperature Room Temp 37o C

2: SOLUTIONS STRENGTHS

Sr. 1ml contains

Solution STRENGTH
No (mcg)

1 10 -3 1000
2 10 -4 100
3 10 -5 10
4 10 -6 1

NOTE: Student have to write the exact volume taken in pipette for the given dose e.g.
For 2 mcg dose. = 0.2 ml of 10-3 strength solution will be used
 OBSERVED STATION 7
14 marks

PERFORMANCE
1. RABBITS ILEUM ( AGONIST & ANTAGONISM) WILL BE PERFORMED AT
DIFFERENT DOSES
2. EYE EXPERIMENTS OF DIFFERENT GIVEN DRUGS
3. FROG EXPERIMENT (Rectus & Heart)

OBSERVED STATION 8
06 marks
1. PHARMACY Practicals mentioned in UNOBSERVED STATION # 5

VOTE OF THANKS
I am thankful to all members & co-opted members of UHS SUBJECT ADVISORY
COMMITTEE (Pharmacology & Therapeutics) for their valuable contributions.

I am also very much grateful to Prof. Maryam Rashid and Dr. M Imran Ashraf for
their special efforts and compilation

Respected Members of
Pakistan Society of Pharmacology & Therapeutics (PSPT)
A lot of efforts have been put into compiling a uniform format for OSPE in a very
short notice

In order to improve and create uniformity in this format especially for future
sessions, POSITIVE AND CONSTRUCTIVE feedback is welcome

Chairman PSPT
Prof. M SAEED ANWAR