Ready for 194 Writing Introduction In the Writing paper you have to complete two ditterent writing tasks in 1 hour 30 minutes; the compulsory Part 1 task and another from a choice of three in Part 2, For each task, you are expected to write between 220 and 260 words. In Part 1 you are asked to write an essay in response to a proposition to discuss. The proposition is accompanied by a text which takes the form of notes made during a seminar: lecture or panel discussion. In Part 2, you cond he asked to write ana of the following: an email ar letter, a proposal, a report ora review. Marking ‘When marking answers in the Writing paper, as part of the general assessment criteria, examiners consider the features in the box. Match each feature to the general advice and information in a-i below. The first one has been done for you. Content —_Targetreader Accuracy Range Organization and cohesion Use a variety of language appropriate to this level 1 Range Avoid repetition of vocabulary wherever possible os Ensure that your answer addresses all the points in the task. In Part 1 you do not always need to use all the information you are given an 3 Write in clear paragraphs of a suitable length. £ Points nced to be appropriately ordered and connected. 4 —___| g write youranswer ina register which Is appropriate w the sk and the intended audience. h. Adopt a suitable tone for your piece of writing to produce the desired effect. 5 i Avoid making too many mistakes, particularly basic ones or ‘ones which prevent understanding.Ready for Wi Planning and checking The sentences below show the stages to follow when planning and checking your written work. Match each stage 1-9 to the piece of general advice in a-i on page 194 to LE Curtespunids, Example: ASS Read the task at least twice, underlining key information and requirements. Select appropriately from the information in the input material. Decide whether you should use more formal or informal English. Check whether the task requires you to achieve a specific aim such as persuading, reassuring, apologizing or justifying. 3) Make a list of ideas for your answer, then select the best ones and arrange them inta logical groupings 6 Note down words and expressions which might be suitable for linking your ideas. 7 Write down relevant words, collocations and suuctures whith yu might be able to include in your answer. 8. Think of synonyms for key words which are likely to occur more than once in your answer. 9 When you have written your answer, check spelling, punctuation and grammar. Register 1 Below are two versions of the same letter, each one written in a different register: Use the information in the informal letter to complete the numbered gaps in the formal version. The words you need do not occur in the informal letter. Write one word in each gap. The exercise begins with an example (0). INFORMAL LETTER Deer Sly ‘ Thanks @ lot for your letter — and oye ass epee eel Yas really well to get such a hich grade. You said youd be terested in trying to set 4 «pb here with us h the Kenly busines. Betave ame, We'd love to take you on. But because of the way the econemy's been recent, I'm Sorry te Say we juat can't offer you any work athe mement. Well certainly Keep you in wind for when things opt better — well bein touch a Soon as they o. Unth then, good La withthe job search Al the best Bob FORMAL LETTER Dear Ms Holden Lam writing with @)__reference __toyour letter of April 18th. would like to congratulate you on your recent a. 1m your examinations, and particularly an @) sucha high grade. Ta yuu Teter you 6) aninterestin applyingfora(4)___________hereat Graves, Snipe and Wesley. assure you we would be delighted to offer you @)___Toweves, (6) 2 to the current economic climate, we are unfortunately ()_____tomake any new appointments at the present time, We shall, of course, keep your letter on our files in anticipation ofan(®) in the situation. When this vvccuus, we shall (9) you immediately. Inthe (10), , Lwould like to wish you luckin your attempts to find work. “Yours sincerely Robert Snipe 2 Use the two letters to identify some of the differences between formal and informal language. Example: The informal letter contains contractions such ax you'd’ mn! and ‘we'll wheroas the formal version does not. 195,Ready for Writing opening statement toengage the Models and tasks On the following pages you will find a model for each of the main task types, together with an additional task. You should answer the Part | task on page 197, and at least one of the Pat (2 (asks, Read the selevauit uiodel, dhe follow stages 1-9 ia the Planning and checking sectian on page 195. In order to help yon demonstrate a good range of vocabulary you should select appropriately from the Useful language section. Part 1: Essay ‘Your class has recently watched a television documentary on ways for governments to reduce traffic congestion. You have made the nates below: Wavs for governments. | toreduce traffic i 1 2 vsluce i ‘Some opinions expressed in the documentary: | “Maybe people would use buses ifthore were more + publ pupictransport | “Maybe p alles “We need fewer cars on the road, not more. + legislation : “There should be limits on where and when you ean drive.” Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the ways in your notes. You should explain which way you think is more important for governments to consider, giving reasons in support of your answer, you wich, make use of the opinions expreeced in the discussion, but you should use your own words as far as possible. Model answer ‘Tackling traffic congestion: what should be done? ‘At the beginning of the 2th century, a car was a luxury that man reader’ interest ———_ eginning 7% 7 y clearly separate paragra help wit organization clear indication of which approach or method the writer considers more important 196 fond not oo Int ince he, he ber f when ree Ftoeieecns of industrialized countries has soared. The simple fact is that most.___————_ tocope with such hugh levels of etn) traffic It seems ironic that as car ownership has increased, the quality ofliffor peopl ivingin cies asin some way diminished Tei ‘congestion creates stress, pollution Its an issue that governments must address ‘One approach that policy-makers could take is to introduce more legislation regulating the use of private vehicles. In certain countries, focexample, drivers are required to pay atoll once they cross the arangeofcohesive boundary of the city centre. In some-cases, car drivers are also devices restricted to using one lane only, leaving the other lanes for buses or taxis. Unfortunately, there is evidence that neither of these measures hhas reduced traffic to any significant extent. ‘An alieqnaive appivach would be w wuake public wauapostawuie fonmalregieter attractive to potential passengers. According to a recent online poll. with impersonal it is inconvenience rather than cost which deters people from using language rather buses. Local authorities would therefore need to provide a much wider Pi kar range of bus routes, and run far more frequent services. a person pronouns In conclusion, an improved public transport system would certainly require considerable financial investment, but inthe long term, it might be a cheaper option than borrowing money to fund new road-butlding projects, Thisis the strategy that [would recommend governments adopiTask Ready for Writing Your class has attended a panel discussion on ways young people can be encouraged to keep fit. You have made the notes below: ‘Ways vouna people can be. sncour? fi + school programmes + sports clubs + technology they liked” involved somehow!" ‘Some opinions expressed in the panel discussion: “Schools should be responsible for kids’ fitness.’ “Maybe kids would do sport if they could choose one “Young people would be more motivated if a computer was Write an essay for your tutor discussing two ot the ways in your notes. You should explain which way you think is more important for schools to consider, giving reasons in support of your answer: You may, ifyou wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, bul you should use your own words as far as possible Useful language for essays Expressing an opinion It is probably truc to say that .. There can be no doubt that .. tis simply not the case that ... Commonly held views Tris widely believed that... No one would dispute the fact that ... Few people would contest/dispute (ihe fact) that ... tis generally agreed that Saying what other people think There are those who argue that ... Ithas been suggested that ... tis often claimed that ... Opponents/Supporters/Proponents of (hunting) argue that ... Referring to sources All the evidence suggests that ... A recent survey proved that... Judging by the comments made by Interviews with (students) have revealed that ...Ready for Writing Part Formal letter/email You are the social secretary at Lambert College, a language school for international students. The local newspaper has recently made several negative comments on relations between international students and local people which you consider to be unfair: You decide to send an email to the editor of the newspaper. Your email should + explain why the comments were unfair. * invite local people to an event at the school. Write your email. Model answer formal register ee Lam writing with regard to your article ‘Poor International Relations;, eoret ‘which appeared in last Saturday's edition of your newspaper. T should <—ee Marta take Ieclearta taadore thet tra Garriments mate de nots poly fo writing ail language schools in Easton. appro Eicstly, the impression your writer gave of poor relations between use of linking 4” students and their host families is certainly not true of Lambert College, devices "] where Tam socal secretary? ln fact, the reason why our students are rarely at ome hat he day Tn it reasons Seldom does a day qo by without a trip to a sporting event, a theatre why the < ora place of historca interest. The extremely positive feedback comments i saaratara evidence of excellent relations. I must also disagree with the suggestion that schools do nothing to ral promote understanding between students and the community. Indeed, the invitation to ‘would like to take this opportunity to invite all Eastoners to attend an event-with Lambert College’s annual Open Day on Saturday Auaust 25th from ‘expansion and midday onwards. This event includes the chance to observe an english | | Seta class in progress, an international buffet with dishes prepared by students and a number of team competitions. desired ‘very much hope you will print this email in your newspaper and we outcome look forward to seeing a high turnout at the Upen Day. Yours faithtuly Praemyslaw SukuIOWSK! US MM EU CI (mae Lars Task taut ects Last weekend you stayed at a hostel with a group of pesto foc eiting teenage students from the college where you work as {an witng with regrdeerence to Events Organizer: The hostel manager has emailed you 1am writing oexress (my concen about complaining about the students’ behaviour. and saying lisappointment withidisapproval offapolagies fr)... that students from your college will no longer be able to | would to draw your attention tlpoint out apes Introducing points You decide to send an email hack to the hostel manager. Ibiccb imistalso(dlegce wth et coal should {shoul als like to point out that. ‘explain what happened during the weekend. Pees ct. uoweve, say why the manager should change his decision. # Request for action Write your email in 220-260 words. be | would aporeciate tbe aratefulf vou would Hook forward to ecelvngseeng 198 Imstvery much hope you willReady for Writing Informal letter ‘You recently took part in an activity which you enjoyed very much. A friend has written to you expressing a Writea letter iel experience, encouraging him/her to take part in a similar event. Model answer of yours interest in the activity and asking how it went. your [riend about the positive and negative aspects of your Dear Gerard relevant reference toa : © 1 hanks fir the letter What coincidence ha ve bots taker ap bik-watching! learns fascinating || ¢ opening es to rae about how you go orto ie. paragraph, ry fire ctays on span wntchung magrating brads ve become completely booked ~ so much 58.10 poe ene: ict. that Ue abeady ign up frnen year’ trp Hi he great Fyaacamelong ton actenrucyauid | tek _aekjust.as muscu oft Lid Apart fom onecor to eaters uh were abit lpi, everyone here ures so fren ant ely | keen to share hirano ledge. Tvs must havs bon abut 15 dfxent nabionaliss nour campsite, : | sete giving ut open intone bin-ashing with them inter own contr, | encouraging ofcourse, English was the main language of comounication so ifyou did decide to go next itilbe €\~ friend to take tusonderfid aprortunity or yous tapactie thelanguay part throughout 3 : | the letter use of phrasal fo Mr eal cafe snig land pica fonts for cts Feeney | is huge variety of ternational dishes fn such a short space of te! The food more than made up. foctherotten weather we had on thre ofthe daus. As of cours, did the number f new birds Ise i 5 Se ee TS er negative aspects ‘powerful pair of binoculars offset by positive aspects Stil, Koro for next year now: And so de you! ec enclesecan application form andasyou conse, i fn Tek, whic eno youve bon dying to vist appropriate__|} rte back som ama let me know wa yous decide ending 2 Pelt best Alo Task Useful language for informal letters Either: awrite your own answer to the eee Beyinning the letter Advising GreavLovey to her fom you after Whatever you d, make sure you or banswer the following questi ba Raueuon, sso ong). {t's (not) worth/There’s nollittle point ‘Thanks (ao forthe ete. + gerund ‘You recently went on holiday to a eee re (ed wouldn't. if were you lace which you enjoyed very much Sony Hhaven't wrttenfbeenintouch Youd be much bette off + yerund A friend of yours has written to you reall slong, Ending the letter expressing an interest in the place pe and asking what it was like there. pesaee es. pata ce a Maa Write a letter in 220-260 words, aan ra ellie Gus eletelboatiheopeall ya Widbe a wonderlinaeellons \okng orate ts hearing fom yes and negative aspects of the place, eae! Can't wait to see you again encouraging Him/herto go there ens (Sie veer 0 next year Just imagine how it would improve your CM), notto mention the money you could ear) ing off Friends: Al the bes/Best wshes/Bye for now ‘lose tien or relatives: Lots of lovesl my overLove 199Ready for Writing Proposal ‘Your town has been shortlisted to host a major international festival of folk music and dance next year: You have been asked to write a proposal for the festival ‘organizers, stating why your town should be chosen from the list. You should include relevant information about accommodation, transport, concert venues and other leisure and entertainment possibilities. Write your proposal. Model answer 1 che International Festival of lk Music and Dance: Gy regarding Introduction 77 the town's ‘Asa popular ceacide resort, Sidbury'o wellequpped to deal wich the largeinflux {~~ suitability Df paaplaubich armicic Foatival of thietypa nila attra relevant title ———[? ce brief paragraph ———-> Acoumenodation Redes itn be towrlitsef heres auige selection ot hots anda shortagect uzathousesofeing ear breakfast accomadation ada wan fendi showing the elcome inaction the campatte ha space for GOO people andie coment, Y <1 town ina pepe (peated onthe edge Gubury witheaay accons tothe tomcontre and mah Saree ane sul iE encore venues. candor: intarms cf transport, the town s sally stusted for overseas visitors arriving bypeaur at: The ferry por vot Oldhaven oa ohor bus re away ard Une Lows well comected to the capitals main airport withrequr tran nd caach services. There is alo an extensivelocaibus network and t would be noproblenrto provide evra conscantor the duration of the feta Concertverwes Major festival events could bs heldin the newy-bult Arenal which has seating capacity of 5000, but tnere are anumber of other maller venueswith a more intimate atmosphere, Aditionaly the main square ard seafront area are perfectly suited for outdoor dancing event, Further leisure and entertainment possibilities ae Scdurycon oer the vsteralte allies ene woul pect oma veting—~| ~_retating the holiday resort: Hralso boasts a fine municipal heath cpa with saunas and steam acs, dea tor dancers witnacniiglegs andsorefeet, <————._——] ___ anawer to the planned event { ‘Sidbury has a reputation for making ta quests feel athome, and we feel sure that ich fectial worshostadhora, would baa resounding uccaas, Task Your school has been shortlisted to UEGIRELE TERME ECTS host a two-day regional conference for suitability The (towniconference cbntrelschoo) students preparing for the Advanced examination. You have been asked to Ser Cie al, I for the conf equipped to deal witiperectl suited write a proporal for the conference sar (succelentsy Few (rtestcioals) can offer such a organizers, stating why your school ieee large choice of should be chosen from the list. Your -situatedvell connected tothe Travel and transport proposal should include relevant coh ee ‘ tis within easy reachtwalking poesuone ee aaeeiees Theres ite doubt thatitwould bea _distanceleriving distance of the within your school, accommodation, Neriee edie heneites° (entetoul re Sanseereant oe the town/company). Itisjust short walk/dtivebus ride! See ecko Amenities tran ide from the (coaststation). Write your proposal in 220-260 Thereis no shortagela wide selection _‘The (town) has easy access to (the words. of (hotels/inemas) to choose from. motorway network 200relevant title and paragraph headings > je fusing silualicer for ‘opening paragraph ‘outlining the purpose of the report appropriately formal register linking between paragraphs Task Ready for Writing Report An international research group is carrying out an investigation into the housing situation for yaung people arouind the world. You have been asked by the group to write a report about your country, including the following points: * the different housing options available in your country for young people in their early 20s + the problems faced by young people with each option, + possible future changes in the housing situation for young people in your country Write your report. Model answer Licabclies ‘The aim of the report & to cumine the writ hating cotion open to people nei in thee early 20s fo my coutry ad the Gale erccuntred ith cath ones Se Te will also consider likely future deelepments in the pausing situation For yours ——[— aie people ere used in the task Busing seeperty Properly epculalion a soaring inflation hve pul ate prices Leia Ue each oo of the maprity of frettine buyers. The flow who do manage to race the rneney for the depceit on a sll Pal, are finaly to experience probleme obtaining 2 mertaie. Bake are trelling told perm to arene wife a pred Soeieee eng irre pony Santer oe tee Booking Bn cious altcmatne ito ronk a property, However, rents, Te hace price, hee risen damatialy, Forcing lowcewmert to thre. For ming 20-temethings ‘ie can prom an enipble experience, bul cone toon decoer that they are. ok aed to Ting with others. Local autharites provide core lowcost rented ec a aati gg ang ep Se ede pe range of ect wip SS vocabulary Living sith parenle items to avoid isn, then, that a sificant. proportion of shea! and calles © repetition of leners opt to contin Inns in the parental he until they fie aed eragh ‘young people’ tS ‘Friction betwcon paren and ebliren can real Euluce deslpescks pa 1 tay ws fee pices contin te treat, Ue vibiak fer gay yup fete ‘sl romain black. Only 4 cabelartal fall property salu wil impeoe ie | | addressing SThuation and this seers utely in the near future. the final point of the task An international research group is, (RSME cece ons carrying out an investigation into enaplstpment at bed Ee Introducing the report ‘The future looks bleakiremains around the worl ae uncertain promising, Siac Somes Saran ar ein via eet xaminlealsteldescibeoutine.... This seems unlikely inthe near Your lealares. nln thefolowing Inilsorcuecsdermpey —oenchre Ero ease! vocabulary of Possibility on page * feryounepeopleinsourarca | BERBWUSdonase a os + the difficulties faced by young est taronahp boomer tat cpéople bearching far ork Predicting the future sGhasttond company, * possible future developments in the _Theautlook or young peopeobs! : employment situation for young the counts from) bight RIE emplesment situation ory Haerinee sine woo) y again Wnte your report in 220-260 words. eel would be our average 201Ready for Writing questions to engage the reader's interest what the reader learnt from the book: final recommendation See Review ‘The magazine published by your school’s English club ts asking students to exchange information about non-fiction books they have enjayed reading in English, Write a review of a non-fiction book you have read, saying what you learnt from it and encouraging others to read it. Write your review. Model answer | ast conto Hank Wing Diy three a hes or us i te Aeris wt Conds noc ‘thon on is et visit n 14947 Orta the first cnohoys were na thse of Nt Americ, but brief summary ‘the gauss, uss; ones ant wnqueres oF agency, Che, vere ad exo? "at tha baok'e Loring dit, wt vend Hank gf rng sly Foy tre Fe eat ‘Patagonia in South America tothe Alo Texas Te ok il of teresting fits stoves aut cowboy hanes who were previously tnfowur wm One uk mua Marin Mig de eres, who 1808 re wit 30 nr ast the tors the Rl Pate al cap ish ship ad ma ‘grow thre. The event named with wagtont'schanitenstc sone ofhumow whichwill <|__ encouraging ae ow aging td rv th ary aging ofthe vk others to read es =e the book iyi reat coy dv be ofr ta Tose cat des mire ha snl tice the history fate on hrc provides a asc gh nto the sts, sk, gry lle of whe cot Tee’ smh rye tick tila ond LL plier leo lives singing tins. sch ste aah ds ~ Ld i ou ould ag uch ies cr ony po ‘stots sa elon sh ett llc a highly roo oye isis rel bok, Task i Coe ea ae tn Usetultanquage for reviews or banswer the following question. ‘Commenting critically Encouraging others (not) to read! provides fascinatingvaluable) ——-Watehilisten ; ; revealing insightint on'tbeputoffby the titeeites! The magazine published by your school’ English club is askiog Ifoundthe plotratherpredctblel VEE. Slitrite to afedopbilons Grits isappoining, Itwillhaveyouroating with laughter coursebooks they have been usin. ‘The aetng i wey impressive teens. Write a review of Ready for Advanced, conhete: eee ing your views on the following She gives acompelinglmemorable I would definitely civeit amis. points: performance as. {would highly recommend itto + itscontent Ce pacitarevengthiwenknecenf anyone intorestedin * its design SS DORAD 6 | would stronaly advise you (not) to + how well it prepares students for ‘The design/characterzation! go out and buylseeit the exam production's second to ones not * how much it has helped you its best featur. improve your English Write your review in 220-260 words. 202 (For a list of adjectives used in reviews and the vocabulary of Comparisons, see page 211.)Ready for Writing Letter of application ‘You have scen this advertisement in an international magazine, WRITERS REQUIRED We are luvkiny fur peuple to walle fortis magazine abuut environmental sues in Ue foal re that would be of interest to readers in other countries We would like to hear from anyone who has + an interest in environmental concerns. + an awareness of environmental issues affecting their local area + some experience of writing, Send use letter of epplication, explaining why you think you are suitable and describing two ‘environmental issues currenty affecting your local area, Write your letter of application. Model answer ear shitdaasn reason for amuitngin responce to our request br vrters. hich appear mths months enon of writing Ral Conceme Laman actue member ofthe Green Scie at my urtersty. here am caren tudlyng “ athe bog The aincf he scot ty ake anareness of enrseretal concerns appropriately relevant = ———— |) monde shuertsanduthnthsloca communty ASwelas organizing debates onatersof | formal register experience Inca and ialimretance ue an publica manicure whch regulary cori The economy fy ren el based on Sect faring and hing and cei ety (ht ay vu odes eH ateas wl tutes exaust they md soperae >|} erste nea abate noblems Bcndus Last srmet for cual the netrottanter cara Tnirgue srk four cost sping lng quntiesofel ns thesea with desta fects or bata are wl ale fi gary Serna issue In eiton the foes industry here has recently come under hea cris from issues would be enviromertlsts The st grouing eucaipmu's lated instead frees which ae nate of interest to Sie eel ee ect ee preventing other pts and nal trom suring onthe bret foor Readers tio are unauore oft sustion mig lear a great deal froman article ont am conunce that sues like these woud he ofirtret fopeogle nother counties and expressing ____| nibibee ‘nou ery muchlikete have to opeartety to wre aoe thom or your magna, suitability and dasire for the job ook sete hearing Fomyou eur ath Usa Bianco Task Either: a write your own answer to the task above; or banswer the following question. WRITERS REQUIRED Weare looking for people to write for this magazine about people in their local area whose work, achievements or lifestyle would be of interest to an international readership. ‘Send us a letter of application, explaining why you think you are suitable and giving examples of two local people, living or dead, that you would write about. Write your letter of application in 220 260 words. (For useful language. see page 10 in Unit 1 of the Workbook.) 203