egg writting (4) simple sentences This module covers: «© Identifying parts of a simple sentence ‘© Writing simple sentences TASK 1 Understanding simple sentence structure 1 Read Paragraph 1 about higher education in CI and object in sentences 1-4. Example: Peking University has BO @olleges. subject verb object, identify the subject, verb, Sentence Subject Verb Object 1 2 3 4 Paragraph 1 ‘China has over 4,000 universities and colleges, “More than fifteen million students attend higher education institutions. *Chinese universities have varied teaching and research programmes. Chinese higher education is expanding, 2 Workin pairs. Discuss questions 1 and 2. 1 Which sentence does not have an object? 2. Isthe word order (subject + verb + object) the same or different in your language? PETS ne Sentences (1) Subject + verb + object; Subject + verb + complement Subject + verb + object Simple sentences in English have a subject (s) and a Vat (v), Chinese higher education is expanding, s v Many sentences also include an abject (0). Typically the subject and the object are nouns, (€¢. university, students) or noun phrases (28 Chinese Universities, more than 15 million students ‘More than 25 million students attend higher education institutions, s v ° Subject + verb + complement A complements a word or phrase that gives more information about the subject of the sentence. Some verbs (such as appear, be, Become, and seem) are followed by a amplemenit (instead ofan object. The university i defn ‘Peking University i a t@sichiig hl reseae ci c 046 UNITAC weITiNG (2)TASK 2 Identifying parts of a simple sentence (1) 1 Identify the subject, verb, and object or complement in sentences 1-5. 1 Four hundred students studied law. 2. King Saud University has about 40,000 students. Harvard and Yale are Ivy League universities, Most universities offer a range of qualifications. ‘The University of Bologna was the world's first university. Sentence Subject Verb Object Complement 1 2 3 4 5 LENT rl Sentences (2) Subject + verb + adverbial Some simple sentences have an {2),An adverbial gives information about when. where. 0 how something happens You can use an adverbial with or without an objector complement. The uniersty EE DOSES ER Bovock Obama HERB TASK 3 Identifying parts of a simple sentence (2) 1 Identify the adverbial in sentences 1-4. 1 Over 40 British prime ministers studied at Oxbridge. 2 kayaah University became King Saud University in 1982. 3 The number of higher education students in China is growing every year. 4 Harvard University is located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, TASK 4 Writing simple sentences 1 Order the words and write simple sentences 1-6. 1 82 academic departments / Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) / has 2. at UK universities / study / many international students 3 starts / in September / the US academic year 4 is/ at UK universities / business and management studies / the most popular degree course in the world / is / Princess Nora bint Abdulrahman University / the largest women-only university 6 itsname / The Imperial University of Peking / in 1912 / changed / to Peking University 2 Write four simple sentences about higher education in your country. Write sentences that consist of a subject, a verb, and an object or complement and/or adverbial. Example: Turkey has about 150 universities and academies. Around 100 are state universities. Over one million people study at universities in Turkey. ‘Turkish universities teach many different subjects. ueric warinca) 017Hg Writing (2) Compound sentences This module covers: ‘© Writing compound sentences using and, but, and or TASK 1 Recognizing compound sentences 1 Read Paragraph 2 and answer questions 1-3. Paragraph 2 4p the UK, university students fund part of the cost of tuition and the government Glossary funds the other part. *Student tuition fees are up to £9,000 a year for EU students, but EU (n)the European Union ‘they are higher for nor-€U students, Students’ parents or sponsors pay the fees or the tnd (v)topay for students take out a loan. tuition fes nthe money you pay to say at university 1 Who funds the cost of university tuition? 2. How much are student tuition fees in the UK? 3. How do students pay the tuition fees? 2 Read the paragraph again. Identify the difference between sentences in Paragraph 2 and simple sentences. Sentences (3) Writing compound sentences using coordinators Two closely related simple sentences can be joined together to make a compound. sentence, The mast common words (at coordinators) for joining simple sentences ‘together are ond, but, and or The university has three terms and these last ten weeks each, In the past, some colleges were single-sex, but all colleges are mixed-sex today. ‘Students can live in their college or they can live outside college in rented ‘accammadation, TASK 2 Writing compound sentences 1 Match each coordinator 1-3 with its function ac. 1 and to connect alternatives 2 but b toadd information 3 or © to introduce a contrast 2 Complete sentences 1-3 with and, but, or or. Use each coordinator only once. 1 ‘The university is very popular itreceives more than five applications for each available place. 2. Astudent must have a high [EI Tanguage level in a different way. 3 Last year, over 17,200 people applied for a place at the university, only 3,500 were accepted. S score they must demonstrate their a eae3 Read the pairs of sentences 1-6 about the University of Oxford’s Department for Continuing Education, Rewrite them as compound sentences with the most appropriate coordinator, and, but, or or. 1 Inthe late 19th century, more and more adults wanted to continue their education. They didin’thave the opportunity. 2. Anew University Extension programme offered courses to the general public. People from many different backgrounds attendee. 3 People could attend courses in Oxford. They could arrange for courses in their own towns. 4 The programme had several name changes. It became the Department for Continuing Education in 1990. ne 5 Today, the department runs over 800 courses. Over 15,000 students from 18 to 80 enrol on courses each year. 6 Students can take full-time courses. ‘They can study part-tim ETE Sentences (4) Using compound sentences Sometimes vtiters will express facts or ideas using simple sentences. For example In the UK, university students fund part of the cost of thelr tuition. The government funds the other part, Student tuition fees are up to £9,000 0 year for EU students. They are higher for non-EU students, However, joining twwo ideas together in compound sentences shiows the relationship between the ideas and makes your writing more fluent. For exemple: In the UK, university students fund part of the cost of their tution and the government {funds the other part ‘Student tuition fees are up to £8,000 a year for EU students, but they are higher for ‘non-EU students, TASK 3 Developing writing - from notes to compound sentences 1 Research the following information about your place of study or another institution, + Number ofstudents * Courses / Programmes of study * History 2 Use your notes from 1 to write simple sentences. Example: English department - biggest department in university. About 250 students ‘The English department isthe biggest department in the university. thas about 250 students 3 Connect some of your simple sentences from 2 to make compound sentences using and, but, and or. Use each coordinator at least once. Example: The English department is the biggest department in the university and it | INDEPENDENT has about 250 students sTUDY is important wo ene : i our ing for acco. TASK 4 Critical thinking - evaluating your writing Usngcorect cto help readers low Your evs cry Remember te start your Sentemes waa ister and en them th 2 fulstp. > eter 1 Read the sentences you wrote in Task 3. Check that you have: + used only key information in your notes + expanded your notes to make simple sentences + joined iple sentences into compound sentences the Language + us ind, but, and oat least onc Referrer on eae used the coordinators and, but, and orat least once Seeeren os bes ‘+ used capital letters and the correct punctuation ‘of commas betore o00000 + checked your spelling. ‘coordinators. (MriC nee eae.