Examen du semestre1

Nom : BENZADA

Prénom : RABAH MAHSE 18

Durée 01 heure

Module : Anglais

1. Oil industry is divided into three main segments. In no more than 10 lines, write a
coherent paragraph that explains the role of each segment.

the oil industry , also known as oil patch, includes the global processes
of exploration, extraction, refining, transportation (often by oil tankers and pipelines), and
marketing of petroleum products. The largest volume products of the industry are fuel
oil and gasoline (petrol).they are divided in three segments.

The Upstream is E&P (exploration and exploration). This involves the search for
underwater and underground natural gas fields or crude oil fields and the drilling of
exploration wells and drilling into established wells to recover oil and gas.

The Midstream entails the transportation, storage, and processing of oil and gas. Once
resources are recovered, it has to be transported to a refinery, which is often in a
completely different geographic region compared to the oil and gas reserves. Transportation
can include anything from tanker ships to pipelines and trucking fleets.

The Downstream refers to the filtering of the raw materials obtained during the upstream
phase. This means refining crude oil and purifying natural gas. The marketing and commercial
distribution of these products to consumers and end users in a number of forms including
natural gas, diesel oil, petrol, gasoline, lubricants, kerosene, jet fuel, asphalt, heating oil, LPG
(liquefied petroleum gas) as well as a number of other types of petrochemicals.

2. “There are more than 65.000 oil fields of all sizes around the world and these oil fields are
known as onshore oil fields and offshore oil fields”. In the light of this passage, write a short
paragraph in which you shed light on the differences between the onshore oilfield and the
offshore oilfield.

An oil field is a piece of land beneath which fossil fuels can be extracted for economic value.
Most of the world's oil is concentrated in oil fields located...

Offshore oil (gas) field development refers to oil and gas recovery, whereas offshore oil (gas)
production engineering refers to a defined system consisting of specific technologies and management
approaches that are able to efficiently and effectively extract undersea oil and gas. . Offshore drilling
presents much more of a challenge due to the shear depth of issues the water. The force the waves,
especially in deep, rough waters, present major stability
Onshore refers to the mainland. In exploration and production, “onshore” refers to the
development of oil fields, gas deposits and geothermal energy on land. ... Since the energy turnaround,
the term “onshore” is often used in Germany for the generation of renewable wind energy using wind
farms and wind power plants. One major difference for offshore drilling is the need for stability.
Onshore drilling provides natural stability in the form of the earth’s hard surface.