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Math8 q3 Mod2 Axiomatic-Structure v5
Math8 q3 Mod2 Axiomatic-Structure v5
NOT
Mathematics
Quarter 3 - Module 2
Axiomatic Structure
Mathematics — Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 — Module 2: Axiomatic Structure
First Edition, 2020
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Management Team
Lesson 1:
Undefined Terms ………………………………………………………... 1
What I Need to Know ………………………………………………………………….. 1
What’s New
Activity 1: Objects for Undefined Terms ..……………………………………1
What Is It
Undefined Terms of Geometry ….…………………………………………… 2
What’s More
Activity 2: Word Puzzle..………………………………………………….…… 2
What’s New
Activity 3: Yes or No? .…………………………………………………………3
What Is It
Basic Definitions Using the Undefined Terms ……………………………………….4
What’s More
Activity 4: Draw Me ……………………………………………………………..4
What I Have Learned
Activity 5: 3-2-1 CHART ………………………………………………………..5
What I Can Do
Activity 6: Floor Plan Making …………………………………………………..5
Lesson 2:
Postulates Involving Points, Lines, Planes ………………………… 6
What’s In …………………………………………………………………………………..6
What I Need to Know …………………………………………………………………….6
What’s New
Activity 1: Jumbled Words …………………………………………………….6
What Is It
Basic Postulates …………………………………………………………….…..7
What’s More
Activity 2: You Try! ………………………………………………………….…..7
What I Have Learned
Activity 3: Tell Me! ………………………………………………………..……..8
What I Can Do
Activity 4: Building My Dream House! ……………………………..…………8
Lesson 3:
Segments, Rays and Angles ………………………………………….. 9
What’s In …………………………………………………………………………………..9
What I Need to Know …………………………………………………………………….9
What’s New
Activity 1: Picture Analysis …………………………………………………… 10
What Is It
Line Segment, Ray and Angle Definition ……………………………………10
What’s More
Activity 2: Draw and Label ……………………………………………………..11
What Is It
Other Concepts …………………………………………………………………11
What’s More
Activity 3: Fill In! …………………………………………………………………12
What I Have Learned
Activity 4: Generalization ……………………………………………………….13
What I Can Do
Activity 5: Objects Around Me! ………………………………………………..13
Summary ……………………………………………………………….. 14
Assessment: Post-Test ……………………………………………… 15
Key to Answers ………………………………………………………...16
References ………………………………………………………………18
What This Module is About
Building a house takes a lot of planning. It needs a strong foundation to avoid a
possible collapse that might harm the occupants. Also, geometric relations involving plane
figures are reflected in the design of the house. This module will introduce the foundations
of Euclidean geometry and will give you an idea how geometric figures play a vital role in
house planning and designing.
.
i
What I Know
A. C.
B. D.
A.
B.
C.
D.
https://www.yonkerspublicschools.org/cms/lib/NY01814060/Centricity/Domain/2366/1-Unit%20Points%20Planes%20and%20Lines%20BOOK%20.pdf
10. Why are parking lots like the image below are designed to have parallel and
perpendicular lines?
https://dcplm.com/blog/best-ways-to-keep-your-parking-lot-clean/
iv
Lesson Undefined Terms
1
The foundations of geometry are the three undefined terms: points, lines,
planes. They are terms or words that do not require further explanation or
description. These terms are used to define or explain more complicated terms or
concepts. This lesson will help you understand more the details and real-life
examples of the undefined terms.
What’s New
Instruction: Check the column of the undefined term modeled by the following
objects. The first two objects serve as examples.
1
What Is It
Undefined terms are so basic and fundamental that no other terms can define
them. However, they can be described and be given graphical representations.
2
What’s More
surface of a table
B X A Y S E D G E O F A T I L E
L S E G U O X R C A R N X W A X
A Z C W R W V H I E H Y U E V P
C N H A F U N U X H I F A M I A
K U Z E A X I G M W W L T N V P
B A O X C W R O X Y Z D I R W E
O M O F E L G H L I H R H N I R
A D H X O J E N S A H D X R G C
R I Z E F R O C F E S W I S I E
D H J N A E B X E H K E U L U F
X E K S T F G N H I U P R A N L
Y B E A A X B O L X B R E T S O
A D C Z B F E E L I O V E X O O
V O X U L C A B L E W I R E Y R
E R I M E N I E S U C N C E I U
T I P O F A N E E D L E I M E W
W R W C O R N E R O F A B O X A
X S A E A B L O B A H W E R S T
3
What’s New
Statement Yes No
Lines r and t are intersecting lines.
1. Points A, E and F are collinear.
2. Points C, F and G are coplanar.
3. Lines r and t are coplanar.
4. Point E is the intersection of lines r and t.
5. Points F and G are collinear.
What Is It
4
Illustration:
Points A and B, H, I and E are collinear points.
Points J, I and G are noncollinear points.
Points F, D, E and C are coplanar points.
Points C and G are noncoplanar points.
⃗⃗⃗⃗ and 𝐵𝐻
The intersection of 𝐺𝐻 ⃗⃗⃗⃗ is point H.
⃗⃗⃗⃗ is the intersection of plane ABG and plane
𝐴𝐵
ABC.
Points G and J are coplanar but noncollinear.
What’s More
Activity 4: Draw Me
Statement Illustration
5
What Can I Do
Direction: Create the floor plan of your dream house. Base your output from
the given rubric below. Draw it in a long bond paper.
https://www.roomsketcher.com/features/2d-floor-plans/
6
Postulates Involving Points,
Lesson Lines and Planes
What’s In
We learned that the three undefined terms of geometry are points,
lines and planes. The other concepts will be defined using these three. In the study of
Geometry, the three different classifications of statements are being used namely;
definition, postulate and theorem.
What’s New
Direction: The letters of the words below are jumbled. Figure out what the
word is and write it on the space provided.
1. PITON_________
2. INEL___________
3. LEPNA_________
7
Questions:
1. What can be viewed as something having specific position but without
dimension? magnitude or direction?
2. What is a one-dimensional figure composed of infinite number of points?
3. What is usually represented by a flat surface where infinite number of lines
can lie?
What Is It
Basic Postulates
Postulate Illustration
Straight-Line Postulate
Two points are contained in exactly one line.
Points-Existence Postulate
Every line contains at least two distinct points.
Flat plane Postulate
Two points are in a plane, then the line
containing the points is in the same plane.
Plane Postulate
Three noncollinear points are contained in
exactly one plane.
Line- Intersection Postulate
Two lines intersect, then their intersection is a
point.
Plane Intersection Postulate
Two planes intersect, then their intersection is
a line.
(Images taken from the Daily Lesson Plan from Lanao Del Norte)
8
What’s More
Direction: Use the accompanying figure to name the postulate that explains
each statement. The first item will serve as an illustrative example.
⃗⃗⃗⃗ .
1. Points A and D are in 𝐴𝐷
Answer: Straight-Line Postulate
2. Plane P has three points C, D and E.
⃗⃗⃗⃗ is in plane P.
3. Points B and C are in plane P, so 𝐵𝐶
⃗⃗⃗⃗ has points B and E.
4. 𝐵𝐸
⃗⃗⃗⃗ and 𝐵𝐶
5. The intersection of lines 𝐴𝐷 ⃗⃗⃗⃗ is point B.
9
Lesson Segments, Rays and Angles
3
What’s In
We have learned in lessons 1 and 2 about the undefined terms and
the postulates involving them. In this lesson, we will discuss about the subsets of a
line.
Ruler Postulate
The points in a line can be matched one-to-one with real numbers in
such a way that:
i. to every point in the line, there corresponds exactly one number called its
coordinate;
ii. to every real number, there corresponds exactly one point in the line; and
iii. the distance between two points is equal the absolute value of the difference
of their coordinates.
10
Illustrative Examples:
a) The distance between A and C is given by
| | | | units
What’s New
11
What Is It
N
A line segment is a subset of a line. It has two R
endpoints.
T
A ray starts at one point and continues S
infinitely in one direction.
The figure above is ⃗⃗⃗⃗ but it is not ⃗⃗⃗⃗ .
What’s More
2. Ray ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
3.
12
What Is It
Other Concepts
Figure 1 Figure 2
13
m CA and m CAD - ,
then the measure of AD is
3x 2 4x 9
11 x.
Thus, m CA 3x 2 3 11 2 35 and
m CAD 4x- 9 4 11 - 9 35.
Therefore, m AD 70 .
What’s More
B. Give the missing data in the table below. Given that ⃗⃗⃗ bisects . Find the measure of
m and the actual measure of each angle
14
Summary
Let us summarize the concepts you have learned in this module:
If three rays ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , are coplanar and m CA CAD m AD
24. Angle Bisector is a ray that divides an angle into two congruent angles.
15
Assessment: Post-test
Directions: Read and understand each question carefully then select the letter
corresponding to your answer.
1. What is the image shown in the right?
A. point C. line
B. plane D. ray
2. Which of the following models a point?
A. cable wire C. edge of a rectangular table
B. star in the sky D. surface of a bond paper
3. Based on the figure below, which statement is FALSE?
16
Answer Key
LESSON 1
Activity 1
3. Plane
4. Point
5. Line
6. Point
7. Plane
Activity 2
POINT LINE PLANE
laser cable wire blackboard
tip of a needle edge of a tile paper
corner of a box surface of a table
ceiling
floor
Activity 3
1. Yes
2. Yes
3. Yes
4. Yes
5. No
Activity 4
1. 2. 3.
Activity 5
Answers may vary.
LESSON 2
Activity 1
1. POINT
2. LINE
3. PLANE
Activity 2
1. Straight Line Postulate
2. Plane Postulate
17
3. Flat Plane Postulate
4. Points Existence Postulate
5. Line Intersection Postulate
Activity 3
1. Never; Straight Line Postulate states through any two points, there is exactly one
line.
2. Always; Plane Postulate states that through any three non-collinear points, there
is exactly one plane.
3. Sometimes; the points must be non-collinear.
LESSON 3
Activity 1
1. House foundation
2. Lines
3. Yes
4. Yes
5. Answer May Vary
Activity 2
1. 2. 3.
4. 5.
Activity 3
A. B. m LIE m LIF m FIE
1. B 45 22.5 22.5
2. D 148 74 74
3. CF
4. C 2x + 4 x+2 x+2
5. 0.5 or ½ m=5 3m+5 2m+10
40 20 20
18
References
Books
Abuzo, E., et.al. 2013. Mathematics Grade 8 Learner’s Module. First Edition
Advincula, R. & Gonowon, R. 2013. Global Mathematics 8 (K to 12). The
Library Publishing House, Inc.
Crisostomo, R., et.al. Our World of Math 7. Vibal Publishing House Inc.
Fermalino, S, et.al. 2007. Realistic Math – Scaling Greater Heights 8. Sibs
Publishing House
Oronce, E., et.al. 2013. E-math 8 ( K to 12). First Edition. Rex Book Store
Romero, K. Geometry in the Real World (Explorations and Applications).
Salesiana Publishers Inc. 2003
Lanao Del Norte Daily Lesson Plan
Online
Floor Plan
https://www.roomsketcher.com/features/2d-floor-plans/
Basics of Geometry
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/579f62b0dba6c0405d24cf61/basics-of-
geometry
Points, Lines and Planes Accessed June 28, 2020
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5875b6cac2846dcf2f29087a/points-lines-and-
planes
Learning Module G7, Q3
https://peac.org.ph/download/2018_mathg7q3/
Learning Module G8, Q3
https://peac.org.ph/download/2018_mathg8q3/
Geometry- Points, Lines , Planes, Angles Name
http://www.b-
g.k12.ky.us/userfiles/999/Geometry/Unit%201%20Points%20Lines%20Plane
s%20and%20Angles/Unit%201%20Review%20for%20Assessment.pdf
Best ways to keep your parking lot clean. Accessed June 28, 2020
https://dcplm.com/blog/best-ways-to-keep-your-parking-lot-clean/
Units Points, Lines and Planes Book
https://www.yonkerspublicschools.org/cms/lib/NY01814060/Centricity/Domain
/2366/1-Unit%20Points%20Planes%20and%20Lines%20BOOK%20.pdf
iRubric: Floor Plan Project rubric
https://www.rcampus.com/rubricshowc.cfm?code=L549X5&sp=yes&
Angle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle#:~:text=In%20plane%20geometry%2C%2
0an%20angle,to%20be%20a%20Euclidean%20plane.
19