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Arthritis & Rheumatology
An Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatology
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Editor Journal Publications Committee

Daniel H. Solomon, MD, MPH, Boston Amr Sawalha, MD, Chair, Pittsburgh
Susan Boackle, MD, Denver
Deputy Editors Aileen Davis, PhD, Toronto
Richard J. Bucala, MD, PhD, New Haven Deborah Feldman, PhD, Montreal
Mariana J. Kaplan, MD, Bethesda Donnamarie Krause, PhD, OTR/L, Las Vegas
Peter A. Nigrovic, MD, Boston Wilson Kuswanto, MD, PhD, Stanford
Michelle Ormseth, MD, Nashville
R. Hal Scofield, MD, Oklahoma City
Co-Editors
Karen H. Costenbader, MD, MPH, Boston Editorial Staff
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Richard F. Loeser Jr., MD, Chapel Hill Delaware
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Social Media Editor Ilani S. Lorber, Assistant Managing Editor, Georgia
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Christopher Reynolds, Editorial Coordinator, Georgia
Audra Jenson, Assistant Editor, North Carolina

Associate Editors
Marta Alarcón-Riquelme, MD, PhD, Granada Richard A. Furie, MD, Great Neck Lisa G. Rider, MD, Bethesda
Heather G. Allore, PhD, New Haven J. Michelle Kahlenberg, MD, PhD, Christopher T. Ritchlin, MD, MPH,
Neal Basu, MD, PhD, Glasgow  Ann Arbor  Rochester
Edward M. Behrens, MD, Philadelphia Benjamin Leder, MD, Boston William Robinson, MD, PhD, Stanford
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John Carrino, MD, MPH, New York Bing Lu, MD, DrPH, Boston Georg Schett, MD, Erlangen
Andrew Cope, MD, PhD, London Stephen P. Messier, PhD, Sakae Tanaka, MD, PhD, Tokyo
Adam P. Croft, MBChB, PhD, MRCP,  Winston-Salem Maria Trojanowska, PhD, Boston
Birmingham Rachel E. Miller, PhD, Chicago Betty P. Tsao, PhD, Charleston
Nicola Dalbeth, MD, FRACP, Auckland Janet E. Pope, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Fredrick M. Wigley, MD, Baltimore
Brian M. Feldman, MD, FRCPC, MSc, Toronto  London, Ontario Edith M. Williams, PhD, MS, Rochester

Advisory Editors
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Philadelphia Lauren Henderson, MD, MMSc, Boston  Winston-Salem
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Kristen Demoruelle, MD, PhD, Denver Mohit Kapoor, PhD, Toronto Amr Sawalha, MD, Pittsburgh
Christopher Denton, PhD, FRCP, London Seoyoung Kim, MD, ScD, MSCE, Boston Julie Zikherman, MD, San Francisco

AMERICAN COLLEGE OF RHEUMATOLOGY

Kenneth G. Saag, MD, MSc, Birmingham, President Deborah Desir, MD, New Haven, Secretary
Douglas White, MD, PhD, La Crosse, President-Elect Steven Echard, IOM, CAE, Atlanta, Executive Vice-President
Carol Langford, MD, MHS, Cleveland, Treasurer

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Arthritis & Rheumatology
An Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatology
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VOLUME 74 • November 2022 • NO. 11

In This Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A15
Journal Club . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A16
Clinical Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A17

Special Articles
Editorial: Immune Cell Signatures to Stratify Patients With Systemic Autoimmune Diseases:
A Step Toward Individualized Medicine?
Takahisa Gono and Divi Cornec. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1727
Editorial: Transforming Rheumatology Practice With Technology: Products, Processes, People,
and Purpose
Rebecca Grainger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1730
Notes from the Field: VEXAS Syndrome and Disease Taxonomy in Rheumatology
Peter C. Grayson, David B. Beck, Marcela A. Ferrada, Peter A. Nigrovic, and Daniel L. Kastner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1733
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Smartphone-Assisted Patient-Initiated Care Versus Usual Care in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
and Low Disease Activity: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Bart Seppen, Jimmy Wiegel, Marieke M. ter Wee, Dirkjan van Schaardenburg, Leo D. Roorda,
Michael T. Nurmohamed, Maarten Boers, and Wouter H. Bos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1737
Heavy Chain Constant Region Usage in Antibodies to Peptidylarginine Deiminase 4 as a Marker
of Disease Subsets in Rheumatoid Arthritis
E. Gómez-Bañuelos, J. Shi, H. Wang, M. I. Danila, S. L. Bridges Jr., J. T. Giles, G. P. Sims, F. Andrade,
and E. Darrah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1746
A Risk Score to Detect Subclinical Rheumatoid Arthritis–Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
Pierre-Antoine Juge, Benjamin Granger, Marie-Pierre Debray, Esther Ebstein, Fabienne Louis-Sidney,
Joanna Kedra, Tracy J. Doyle, Raphaël Borie, Arnaud Constantin, Bernard Combe, René-Marc Flipo,
Xavier Mariette, Olivier Vittecoq, Alain Saraux, Guillermo Carvajal-Alegria, Jean Sibilia,
Francis Berenbaum, Caroline Kannengiesser, Catherine Boileau, Jeffrey A. Sparks, Bruno Crestani,
Bruno Fautrel, and Philippe Dieudé . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1755
Serologic Biomarkers of Progression Toward Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Active
Component Military Personnel
Matthew J. Loza, Sunil Nagpal, Suzanne Cole, Renee M. Laird, Ashley Alcala, Navin L. Rao,
Mark S. Riddle, and Chad K. Porter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1766
Phase II/III Results of a Trial of Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Multivalent NANOBODY Compound
Ozoralizumab in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Tsutomu Takeuchi, Masafumi Kawanishi, Megumi Nakanishi, Hironori Yamasaki, and Yoshiya Tanaka . . . . . . 1776
Spondyloarthritis
Characterization of Blood Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in Patients With Axial
Spondyloarthritis and of Resident Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells From the Axial Entheses
of Non-Axial Spondyloarthritis Control Patients
Nicolas Rosine, Hannah Rowe, Surya Koturan, Hanane Yahia-Cherbal, Claire Leloup, Abdulla Watad,
Francis Berenbaum, Jeremie Sellam, Maxime Dougados, Vishukumar Aimanianda, Richard Cuthbert,
Charlie Bridgewood, Darren Newton, Elisabetta Bianchi, Lars Rogge, Dennis McGonagle, and
Corinne Miceli-Richard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1786
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Choroid Plexus–Infiltrating T Cells as Drivers of Murine Neuropsychiatric Lupus
Erica Moore, Michelle W. Huang, Cara A. Reynolds, Fernando Macian, and Chaim Putterman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1796
 23265205, 2022, 11, Downloaded from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/art.41868, Wiley Online Library on [17/03/2023]. See the Terms and Conditions (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/terms-and-conditions) on Wiley Online Library for rules of use; OA articles are governed by the applicable Creative Commons License
Longitudinal Immune Cell Profiling in Patients With Early Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Takanori Sasaki, Sabrina Bracero, Joshua Keegan, Lin Chen, Ye Cao, Emma Stevens, Yujie Qu,
Guoxing Wang, Jennifer Nguyen, Jeffrey A. Sparks, V. Michael Holers, Stephen E. Alves,
James A. Lederer, Karen H. Costenbader, and Deepak A. Rao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1808
Dermatomyositis
Two Distinct Immune Cell Signatures Predict the Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Amyopathic
Dermatomyositis With Interstitial Lung Disease
Yan Ye, Xueliang Zhang, Teng Li, Jiaqiang Ma, Ran Wang, Chunmei Wu, Runci Wang, Chunde Bao,
Shuang Ye, Nan Shen, Qiang Guo, Qiong Fu, and Xiaoming Zhang. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1822
Autoimmune Disease
Recombinant Zoster Vaccine Uptake and Risk of Flares Among Older Adults With Immune-Mediated
Inflammatory Diseases in the US
Jessica Leung, Tara C. Anderson, Kathleen Dooling, Fenglong Xie, and Jeffrey R. Curtis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1833
Sjögren’s Syndrome
Strong Association of Combined Genetic Deficiencies in the Classical Complement Pathway
With Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
Christian Lundtoft, Christopher Sjöwall, Solbritt Rantapää-Dahlqvist, Anders A. Bengtsson,
Andreas Jönsen, Pascal Pucholt, Yee Ling Wu, Emeli Lundström, Maija-Leena Eloranta, Iva Gunnarsson,
Eva Baecklund, Roland Jonsson, Daniel Hammenfors, Helena Forsblad-d’Elia, Per Eriksson,
Thomas Mandl, Sara Bucher, Katrine B. Norheim, Svein Joar Auglaend Johnsen, Roald Omdal,
Marika Kvarnström, Marie Wahren-Herlenius, Lennart Truedsson, Bo Nilsson, Sergey V. Kozyrev,
Matteo Bianchi, Kerstin Lindblad-Toh, the DISSECT consortium, the ImmunoArray consortium,
Chack-Yung Yu, Gunnel Nordmark, Johanna K. Sandling, Elisabet Svenungsson, Dag Leonard,
and Lars Rönnblom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1842
Pediatric Rheumatology
Joint-Specific Memory and Sustained Risk for New Joint Accumulation in Autoimmune Arthritis
Margaret H. Chang, Alexandra V. Bocharnikov, Siobhan M. Case, Marc Todd, Jessica Laird-Gion,
Maura Alvarez-Baumgartner, and Peter A. Nigrovic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1851
Letters
Duloxetine and Osteoarthritis, a Herd of Elephants in the Room: Comment on the Article
by van den Driest et al
Alain Braillon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1859
Duloxetine May Have Clinical Value: Comment on the Article by van den Driest et al
Joel A. Block and Theodore Pincus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1859
Reply
Jacoline J. van den Driest, Dieuwke Schiphof, Patrick J. E. Bindels, Aafke R. Koffeman,
Marc A. Koopmanschap, and Sita M. A. Bierma-Zeinstra. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1860
Differences in Definitions and Prevalence of Hand Osteoarthritis: Comment on the Article
by Eaton et al
Amanda E. Nelson, Todd A. Schwartz, Carolina Alvarez, and Yvonne M. Golightly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1861
Reply
Charles B. Eaton, Tim McAlindon, and Jeffrey Driban . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1862
Clinical Images
Clinical Images: VEXAS Syndrome Presenting as Treatment-Refractory Polyarteritis Nodosa
Masaki Itagane, Hiroyuki Teruya, Tomohiro Kato, Naomi Tsuchida, Ayaka Maeda, Yohei Kirino,
Yuri Uchiyama, Naomichi Matsumoto, and Mitsuyo Kinjo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1863

Cover image: The figure on the cover (from Itagane et al, pages 1863–1864) shows bone marrow
aspirates in a patient with VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome.
Numerous vacuoles were present in myeloid precursor cells.