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R E G E N E R AT I V E U R B A N D E S I G N F O R S I N G A P O R E .
A C A R B O N - N E G AT I V E C I T Y I N A S I A - P A C I F I C .
INTRODUCTION
The focus of the design competition is on design and the city as drivers of resilient
change. This requires the resetting of methods and intervention tools, and the
development of new paradigms to re-think the role of design and meet the challenges
of global development and contemporary urbanism.
Working in the city of Singapore, the design competiton also aims to discuss the
design of the city-region understanding that the environmental consequences and
implications of rapid urbanization and climate change go beyond administrative
boundaries.
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
In the last decade, an annual average of 134 million people has been affected
worldwide by the effects of climate change. Since 2008, a yearly average of 332
climate disasters have struck our cities causing 39,688 deaths, and US$150 billion in
economic losses.1
Climate change is essentially the consequence of the “greenhouse effect” and global
warming caused by human expansion and urbanization. This is evidenced by the
main four human activities that produce high carbon dioxide. The activities include
electricity consumption and its production through fossil fuels, transportation, building
due to the energy needed to produce construction products, and deforestation and
the reduction of CO2 absorption. All these activities, highly related to urbanization and
cities, are the triggers of the climate disasters that we are experiencing nowadays.
We live in an urban world with most of the world population living in cities and
urbanized areas. By producing over 75% of global CO2 emissions, our cities are
simultaneously contributors to and victims of climate change. At the same time, most
of the cities and the majority of the world’s population is located in coastal areas,
deltas, or next to rivers, exposed to a range of water-related hazards such as floods,
sea-level rise, landslides, superstorms or subsidence, that account for up to 75% of
the natural hazards occurring in the world, the most frequent threats to our cities and
lives.
In front of this urgent scenario, it is extremely critical to building resilient cities in light
of the environmental vulnerability and the exponential consequences and implications
of rapid urbanization.
The aim of the DRG design competition is to discuss the design of cities under the
environmental consequences and implications of rapid urbanization and climate
change.
1 Yearly average data from CRED. Natural Disasters 2018. Brussels: CRED; 2019 EM-DAT file
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
R E G E N E R AT I V E D E S I G N F O R T H E S I N G A P O R E S T R A I T
WATERFRONT. A CARBON NEGATIVE CITY IN ASIA-PACIFIC
Southeast Asia has been experiencing rapid urbanization in recent years and, as a
consequence, the impacts of climate change have been intensified. Now, many cities
in the region are battling the impending climate crisis as it threatens their urban growth.
The design competition aims to address the growing challenge of climate change for
the SEA-city interface in tropical Southeast Asia. Specifically, the competition aims to:
Urbanisation of coastal cities have greatly benefited from their geographical location
close to water. This relationship has been resource and source for economic
development, trading, food and transport. It has helped to population growth, shape
urban centres, and the intensive development of infrastructure. And it has also served
as the maritime economic gateway and interface to grant access to hinterlands.
However, this rapid urbanisation has resulted in a drastic increase of CO2 emissions.
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
The Sea-City Interface is a research project lead by NUS and ETH Future Cities Global.
The design competiton, which is part of the research project, draws motivation from
rethinking how coastal cities should further urbanise and interact with the sea from
an environmental perspective. As the interfaces between sea and land, there is an
urgent need for coastal cities to deal with CO2 emissions in order to mitigate the future
impacts of water and regenerate the urban environments.
Thus, this design competition focuses on the sea-city fringes in rapidly urbanising
cities in tropical Asia, where coastal regions interplay. It is well-know the current threat
of increasing shocks and stresses induced by climate change and the excessive
CO2 emissions. At the same time, demographers show that urban population growth
is at its most intense in tropical coastal regions of cities in Asia. These regions, as
strategic locations, are developed as logistic hubs where ports and often airports are
concentrated. This combination of environmental, demographic and logistical factors
places special stress on the zones where urban development meets the sea, the sea-
city interface.
Source: Juan Manuel Barragán, María de Andrés. "Analysis and trends of the world's coastal cities and
agglomerations. Ocean & Coastal Management. Volume 114, September 2015, Pages 11-20
Design proposals will tackle three broad areas. First, measures to mitigate climate
change and reduce its effects through improved regenerative approaches to urban
design and planning. Second, proposals will develop practical and scalable nature-
based approaches to how cities in the tropical Asian region might mitigate the effects
of rising seas through urban design and biophilic approaches for water-sensitive
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
design. Finally, proposals will consider the economic aspects of the sea-city interface,
focusing on how these zones can combine their historical manufacturing roles, with
emerging hybrid developments for a creative economy supporting diverse industries
and promoting liveability.
Singapore´s commitment in addressing climate change was stated during the Prime
Minister’s speech on the 2019 National Day Rally (https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=fUTadtES-i0). The desing competition aims to support this commitment and
help to transform Singapore’s urban development by creating a new blueprint for a
decarbonised future.
As Singapore moves toward a more climate resilient and sensitive development, it
has pledged to further decrease its carbon emission by 36% from 2005 to 2030. But
with the underlying existential threats the world is facing due to climate change, it is
extremely important that countries take a step further in tackling carbon emissions
transcending mere sustainability towards a regenerative approach. The competition
builds on the case to make Singapore a carbon negative (climate positive) country in
Asia-Pacific region using the built environment for nature-based solutions in creating
a regional carbon sink. This is also to realign Singapore’s development framework
for its future needs to be climate sensitive, accounting for its carbon footprint during
construction, operation and decommissioning phase to help reduce and absorb the
CO2 emissions.
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
How can we cope with climate change and its consequences proposing resilient
and livable urban environments? The challenge of this edition of the DRG design
competition will be to explore regenerative, anticipatory and preventive holistic design
paradigms that engender the physical, cultural, and social resiliencies of cities in
front of the effects of climate risks as a consequence of climate change and rapid
urbanization. The focus will revolve around comprehensive proposals that endorse
strategies combining solutions for a specific site and city-wide urban challenges.
Competition Approach
In the design competition, teams will work with the city-region as an uncertain, non-
fixed, and unpredictable territory supported by ecosystems, resources, metabolism,
infrastructure, culture, and socio-economic inclusiveness. Our emphasis will be on
the new paradigms generated by global shifts and the growing complexity of urban
phenomena.
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
Thus, teams will have to develop the concepts of “reinstatement” and “regenerative”,
not only as the understanding of recovery or response to climate disasters, usually
related to the definition of resilience. In our case, we will understand it as the urgent
action needed to reinstate and give back to nature in order to revert the effects of
climate change by regenerating/restoring the urban ecosystems. Cities that beyond
sustaining contribute positively to reinstate and recover the previous status and
qualities of the natural ecosystems and the urban milieu.
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
cari
masterplan
dan rdtr
singapore
terkini
The regional impact of the Southern Coast. Marine traffic in the Singapore Strait. Source: Marinetraffic.com AP
Graphic/ Penny Yi Wang.
Built-up spaces in Singapore, an emphasis on the development of the Southern Coast. Source: Dr. Muhammad
Omer Mughal Cooling Singapore.
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
Land surface temperature map of Singapore (May 2018) illustrating the urban heat island effect. Image: Conrad
Philipp, Chao Ren, and Sailin Zhong, Cooling Singapore, Cival at Singapore-ETH Centre. Source: NASA, 2018
Overview of areas with higher risk of flooding. Source: The Straits Times. Chang Ai-Lien. 18 AUG 2019
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
The Site. Pasir Panjang Power District, From Carbon Emiter to Carbon
Absorptive
The Pasir Panang Power District site is part of the plan for the Greater Southern
Waterfront, which extends from Pasir Panjang to Marina East, and will be transformed
into a new major gateway and location for urban living along Singapore’s southern
coast. Development will take place in phases, starting with the former Pasir Panjang
Power Station.
Named after a long stretch of sandy beach along the southwestern coastline of
Singapore, the Pasir Panjang area developed around a main road of the same name
that used to hug the coastline prior to land reclamation works. In the early days, the
area was occupied by agricultural settlers who planted crops on Pasir Panjang Ridge,
as well as Malay fishermen and wealthy Chinese businessmen who lived along the
coast. Today, it is a residential, recreational and industrial area.
In the postwar years, Pasir Panjang developed into an industrial and residential area.
Industrial development in Pasir Panjang began in 1948 when it was announced that a
power plant would be built there to meet the future electrical needs of Singapore. The
first Pasir Panjang power station, also known as the ‘A’ station, was opened in 1953
at a cost of $93 million and eventually had a production capacity of 175,000 kw. An
11-storey block of flats was built close to the station to accommodate the station’s
senior officers. A second station, the Pasir Panjang ‘B’ power station, was opened in
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
Design Objectives
The Pasir Panjang Power District has significant potential to be transformed into a
vibrant, one-of-a-kind, mixed-use district with residential, commercial, and productive
spaces characterised by its unique industrial heritage and waterfront. The historical
power station buildings with their voluminous spaces can be re-purposed as new
“powerhouses” to enable creativity and innovation to add to Singapore’s economic
vibrancy. Attractive and inclusive public areas can also be created within and around
the power stations for people of all ages to enjoy. (URA, 2019)
Team's designs for Pasir Panjang Power District will have to help establish a
regenerating system to decarbonise the southern region of Singapore through
reduction and absorption of CO2 emissions and to extend its regional role by making
Singapore a carbon sink that will contribute to alleviate the impact of carbon emissions
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
with its neighbouring countries. Thus both the regional and the city/country scale will
have to be taken into consideration.
In parallel to regenerative and mitigation, teams and their designs will develop
Singapore’s adaptation to climate change. Proposals will investigate urban and
architecture actions and solutions that deal with the existing vulnerabilities and
anticipate, prevent, and adapt to the effects of the severe extreme weather (sea-level
rise, flooding, droughts) as a consequence of climate change. Proposed measures
are expected to allow adjusting to those extreme periods where common day-to-day
activities become interrupted. However, solutions will have to go beyond defensive
attitudes and reflect about pro-positive designs that aim to reinstate the urban and
ecological systems.
Designs will have to explore and critically think about the role of the area in the city, the
program and activities that a future resilient and decarbonized city should have, and
the solutions for a self-sufficient neighborhood, taking a position about the number of
housing units, population, and activities needed, as well as about people's future life
style in the area and Singapore.
Design proposals will also have to incorporate a table indicating the urban planning
parameters including: number of housing units proposed, estimated population,
area and percentage of open spaces, area and percentage of facilities, and area and
percentage of streets and infrastructure space.
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
Part of the proposed site for the DRG competition was the object of an ideas
competition organized by URA in 2019. In this sense the DRG site will be considered
a testbed area to design a regenerative city whose solutions will be scaled-up into a
larger intervention for the waterfront, the city and the region. Proposals will not only
focus on qualitative aspects of space but also on quantitative aspects to proof
the level of carbon emissions generated by the designs and the measures to
become carbon negative. Rigorous and justified data will have to be provided as part
of the design proposals.
Our commision to teams is to provide innovative and creative solutions for this area
following the approaches explained and answering to the following questions:
How can become the Pasir Panjang District an inclusive, resilient and
regenerative city? How can the Singapore Strait Waterfron sea-city fringe be (re)
developed as an interface that can foster economic growth while focusing on
urban resilience and addressing climate change through nature-based solutions
that have a regenerative effect on urban ecosystems, mitigate the impacts of CO2
emissions, and adapt to the consequences of global warming?
• To create a vision for transforming the Pasir Panjang Power District into a
distinctive, innovative and vibrant mixed-use district that promotes innovation
and lifestyle activities and transforms the site into a district characterised by its
unique industrial heritage and waterfront.
• To define a position, statement, plan and a strategy for the future development of
the Pasir Panjang that meets the future city’s needs and objectives.
• To define and design the urban and architecture model, according to the team
strategy and future vision for Pasir Panjang Power District, including densities,
intensities, mixed-use character, mobility, resources, etc.
• To propose the necessary GFA (FAR) added to the existing for creating mix of
uses including offices, retail/F&B, residential or service apartments, hotels, event
spaces, etc.
• To design proposals that allow public to access and enjoy the former industrial
waterfront that was previously closed off.
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
• To design a Power District that is also well connected to the wider recreational
network in the area.
• To define, explain and illustrate the specific uses for the spaces within and
outside the buildings. Proposals should consider how to create an attractive and
optimasi
differentiated destination that leverages the heritage power station buildings and
settings, to create compelling experiences for site users and members of the
menarik
public.
• To design the site at the urban and architecture scales according to the proposed
urban model, incorporating all the needs that the future development of the city
will require
• To propose morphologies and programs for the built environment to support the
resiliency of the district and anticipate and prevent the effects of climate change,
recovering the previous status of the urban milieu.
The Power District is located within the larger Pasir Panjang area, together with
the Pasir Panjang Terminal and nearby power generation facilities. The disused
Power District, built to supply Singapore’s burgeoning power needs, is reflective of
Singapore’s early industrial history and the architecture of the time. It is an area rich
with potential for the injection of new and exciting uses, which can help kick-start the
rejuvenation of the Greater Southern Waterfront.
In this sense, designs should have sensitivity and integrate the conditions of the
surrounding:
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
• Designs should have sensitivity to the surrounding green and blue network: Being
sited immediately to the west of Labrador Nature Reserve and near the Berlayer
creek, proposals for the Power District should be sensitive towards any impact on
the adjacent nature areas. Designs will also be guided by a comprehensive green
and blue plan that will complement the nearby Berlayer Creek and Labrador Park.
• The site will also be linked to the rest of the Greater Southern Waterfront by the
Pasir Panjang linear park that will stretch from West Coast Park to Labrador
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
Park. Although this link has been stablished by the current planning proposals
can review its position and characteristics. Proposals should leverage the nearby
greenery, plans for the waterfront, as well as the upcoming recreational corridor.
• The development of the site will also respond sensitively to the existing context
and topography.
• Proposals will have to take into consideration the site’s proximity to the business
centres of Mapletree Business City and Alexandra sub-regional centre as well as
commercial nodes at Harbourfront and the Central Business District, the and yet
enjoys a rare waterfront setting next to Labrador Nature Reserve.
• Proposals will also consider that the site is strategically located at the crossroads
of several recreational corridors and green spaces such the Southern Ridges. Link
to this system will have to be incoroporated.
• At the North of the site SP Group is building the first large-scale underground
substation in Singapore and South-east Asia. The infrastructure also includes
a commercial and office development that teams will have to include in their
proposals as a given fact.
• West Coast Highway is an elevated infrastructure between the site and the uses
and open spaces at the north. Teams can review the role of this infrastructure
from the city scale and propose alternatives that enhance the connectivity and
transitions between north and south of the infrastructure.
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USEFUL LINKS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vfd379v927E
https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_2016-07-08_143420.html
https://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/photographs/record-details/cfbc6fab-1161-
11e3-83d5-0050568939ad
https://www.docomomo.sg/happenings/industrial-heritage-ii-power-stations-and-
jurong-industrial-estate
https://thelongnwindingroad.wordpress.com/2017/06/20/beautiful-in-its-
abandonment-the-red-brick-power-station-at-pasir-panjang/
https://finbarrfallon.com/pasir-panjang-power-station/
https://www.ura.gov.sg/Corporate/Media-Room/Media-Releases/pr19-20
https://www.mcondosg.com/makeover-plans-for-pasir-panjang-power-district/
h t t p s : / / i s s u u . c o m / i r w a n s h e n / d o c s / re s e a rc h _ s t u d i o _ f i n a l _ re p o r t _ - _ u r a _
submitted?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=designingresilience.com
https://www.spgroup.com.sg/wcm/connect/spgrp/ecab2329-ee39-4b6c-9803-
4e73ab199e99/%5B20210407%5D%2BThe%2BBusiness%2BTimes%2B-
%2BSP%2BGroup%2Bbuilding%2BSouth-east%2BAsia%27s%2Bfirst%2Blarge-sca
le%2Bunderground%2Bsubstation.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=
https://www.cbre.com.sg/properties/office/details/SG-SMPL-3847
https://www.nparks.gov.sg/gardens-parks-and-nature/parks-and-nature-reserves/
pasir-panjang-park
https://thehomeground.asia/destinations/singapore/pasir-panjang-park-opens-in-
2021-heres-what-to-expect/
https://mothership.sg/2019/08/greater-southern-waterfront-coastline-keppel-housing/
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
SUBMISSION DETAILS
Submission Deadline
The 2023 DRG design competition will be held online. Therefore, all contestant entries
are submitted digitally. Competition entries must be submitted until 00:00 CET via
upload to the dropbox.
The upload link will be sent at a later stage. It will include folders and corresponding
subfolders for each team.
Submission Requirements
Submission Specifications
1. Written report
Each team must submit a written report, a compilation of all the research material
related to the process and the design proposal, and its vision and objectives. The
requirement for the written report is of A-4 size (210×297 mm), portrait orientation,
with a limit of maximum 20 pages (double-sided printing - no further annexes). The
report will be sent to jury members before the competition day, and it will be the basis
for them to understand the proposals and must include the following:
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
• Images, illustrations, tables, schemes and key drawings, and other graphic
information may be included in the report
2. Panel
• The drawing requirement to be submitted is one (1) panel with 1800mm x 1800mm
• File size to be submitted are two (2) panels (files) 900mm width x 1800mm height
1 2
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- The necessary graphic indicators, i.e., scale bars and directional markers
• Please submit as two (2) PDF files – not larger than 100 MB each
3. Movie
The movie is an essential part of the 2023 DRG submission. The movie is used to
present the design proposal to the jury in the 15-minute time slot provided for each
team. Therefore, it must illustrate the overall design proposal and bring across those
ideas crucial to the concept. The maximum time for the video is 10 minutes. We
recommend a length no less than 8 minutes. In the 15-minute presentation time slot
we have assumed 10 minutes movie followed by 5 minutes Q&A by the jury panel.
5 additional minutes are reserved as a backup and for switching presentations. The
movie can incorporate sound or music or additional elements that cannot be shown
in the print version. Nonetheless, the video content must refer to the same design as
shown in the panels with no variation. The Jury will disregard videos if the proposals
are vastly different from those in the submitted panel.
• Please submit as one (1) MPEG file – not larger than 300 MB
4. Presentation
In addition to the video and as a summary of the project presentation each school’s
entry will be accompanied by a PDF and/or PowerPoint presentation. The content of
slides should support the design shown in the drawings and not depicting another
design variation. The Jury will disregard the slides if they show a vastly different
proposal from the panel or video presentations.
• Please submit as one (1) PDF/PPT file – not larger than 100 MB
1. Written report
• A4 Report portrait-oriented in PDF (maximum file size 15MB) format along with
report source files (InDesign, MS Word, etc.).
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
Example: UNIa_Urban_Resilience_Report
• Images included in the report are to be included separately for ease of retrieval.
2. Panels
• Panels are to be in PDF format. Maximum file size is 100 MB for each of the two
(2) pdf files (1800mm long x900mm width, portrait format, forming one panel of
1800mmx1800mm)
• The PDF files should be accompanied by source files in a minimum of 300 dpi and
CMYK color mode.
• All drawings and imagery will be submitted with original source files,
e.g. CAD (.DWG/.DXF), Adobe Photoshop (.PSD), Adobe Illustrator (.AI), and/or
Adobe InDesign (.ID).
• Flattened and lossy formats such as JPEG and GIF will not be accepted.
• For InDesign and Illustrator please send packages so that all the images and links
are included.
• Do not 'flatten', 'compress' or save the file in such a manner that the various
illustrations cannot be separated from each other.
• Please practice good layer organization by using the 'layers' feature to organize
elements
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DRG 2023 | THE SEA-CITY INTERFACE. Regenerative Urban Design for Singapore.
Example: UNIa_Image_01
• Images can be in a bitmap (raster) or vector format but must be in CMYK color
mode.
• All vector-based imagery will be in Adobe Illustrator (.AI), .EPS, or .SVG file
formats.
• If fonts other than default PC/Mac fonts have been used, kindly attach them as
well.
• If CAD programs have been used to create the images, kindly attached the raster
or vector output from the respective program as deemed fit.
3. Movie
• The video file should be submitted as *.mpg/*.avi and it must have high-quality
resolution.
4. Presentation
• Presentations must be submitted in pdf or ppt format. Please take note that ppt
fonts, layouts, animations, etc. might change if the version of PowerPoint or the
type of computer (mac, pc) where they have been created differ from the computer
where the presentation will be presented.
• Any links or videos inserted in the presentation should be provided in the same
folder.
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' T H E S E A - C I T Y I N T E R FA C E '