The iPhone X, pronounced "iPhone 10," was introduced at Apple's September 2017

event as a classic "One more thing..." addition to the iPhone 8 and 8 Plus product
lineup. According to Apple, the iPhone X represents the biggest technological leap
forward since the original iPhone was introduced 10 years ago in 2007, and it sets
the path for the next decade of iPhone development.

Apple's aim with the iPhone X was to create an iPhone that's all display, blurring the
line between physical object and experience. The 5.8-inch front screen melts into a
highly polished curved-edge stainless steel band encircling a durable all-glass body
available in two pearlescent finishes: Space Gray and Silver. Both feature a black
front panel.

Design

The iPhone X features the first new design Apple has debuted since the iPhone 6 and
6 Plus launched in 2014 with new screen sizes. With the iPhone X, Apple has
introduced a display that stretches from edge to edge and top to bottom with
minimal bezels for an all-screen design.

Aside from a slim bezel that wraps around the edges of the device and a front notch
that houses the front-facing camera, speaker, and sensors, display is all you see
when looking at the iPhone X. There is no bottom bezel, no Home button, and no
Touch ID fingerprint sensor.

With the elimination of the bezels, Apple has been able to pack a 5.8-inch display
into a body that's not much bigger than the iPhone 8. The iPhone X measures in at
143.6mm tall by 70.9mm wide, and it is 7.7mm thick.

The iPhone X is IP67 water and dust resistant. That means it is impervious to dust
and can withstand immersion in water up to one meter (3.3 feet) deep for 30
minutes in laboratory conditions.
Though the iPhone X stands up to splashes, rain, and brief accidental water
exposure, intentional water exposure should be avoided. Apple warns that water
and dust resistance are not permanent conditions and could decrease as a result of
normal wear. Apple's warranty also does not cover any kind of water damage to iOS
device, so it's best to use caution when exposing the iPhone X to liquids.

Display

The "Super Retina" display in the iPhone X is the first high dynamic range (HDR)
OLED display Apple has incorporated into an iPhone. OLED brings vivid, more true-
to-life colors, deep blacks, and a 1,000,000 to 1 contrast ratio.

OLED displays traditionally come with tradeoffs like lower brightness, poor color
accuracy, and no wide color support, but Apple says has overcome those issues with
a "breakthrough" display that features unparalleled quality, responsiveness, and
efficiency with support for Dolby Vision, HDR10, wide color gamut, and advanced
color management techniques for what Apple says is the best color accuracy "in the
industry."

Face ID

Face ID is a new facial recognition system that replaces the Touch ID fingerprint
sensor used for authentication purposes in earlier devices. In many ways, Face ID is
just like Touch ID, except it uses a facial scan instead of a fingerprint. It does all of
the same things, like unlocking your iPhone, allowing access to third-party passcode-
protected apps, confirming purchases, and authenticating Apple Pay payments.

Face ID uses a set of sensors and cameras built into the front of the iPhone X, and
Apple calls this multi-component setup its TrueDepth camera. To create a scan of
your face, a Dot Projector projects more than 30,000 invisible infrared dots onto
your face. The dot map is read by an infrared camera and the structure of your face
is relayed to the A11 Bionic processor in the device where it is transformed into a
mathematical model.

When you get a new iPhone X, Face ID is part of the setup process, much like Touch
ID was. Instead of adding a fingerprint to the device, you'll use Apple's tutorial to
create a quick 3D face scan that's converted into a series of data points. As with your
stored fingerprint, the data from your stored face scan is compared to the data from
a new face scan each time you use biometric authentication.

It takes just fractions of a second for the iPhone X to scan your face, recognize you,
and unlock your device, though Face ID has been described as slower than Touch ID.
When measured side by side, Touch ID unlocks an iPhone faster, but Face ID offers
an interface that's ultimately faster in day-to-day use because it's more streamlined.
As an example, opening a notification with Touch ID requires tapping the notification
and then putting a finger on Touch ID. With Face ID, the iPhone is unlocking as the
notification is tapped.

Inductive Wireless Charging

Apple chose glass for the body of the iPhone X to enable inductive wireless charging.
Apple is using the Qi wireless charging standard that is also available in many
Android phones, which means the iPhone X can charge wirelessly using any Qi-
certified inductive charging device.

Inductive charging requires the body of the iPhone to be placed against a charging
mat, with the iPhone X charging at a maximum of 7.5 watts. Though there are
already many Qi wireless charging accessories on the market, companies like Belkin
and Mophie created charging accessories designed specifically with Apple's iPhones
in mind.
Cameras

Both the front and rear cameras in the iPhone X have been redesigned compared to
the cameras in the iPhone 7, introducing some impressive new functionality and
much improved picture taking capabilities.

TrueDepth Camera

The 3D TrueDepth front-facing camera system is what powers Face ID with its
included infrared camera and sensors, but there's also a high-quality 7-megapixel
camera for taking selfies. The f/2.2 camera supports features like wide color capture,
1080p HD video recording, auto image stabilization, Retina Flash using the display,
and auto HDR

With the new 3D hardware in the TrueDepth camera, Apple has added Portrait
Mode to the front-facing camera as well as the rear camera. With Portrait Mode, the
front-facing cameras create a depth map of an image that allows for shallow depth-
of-field effects to be applied to photos in real time, making the subject of a photo
"pop" out of the background.

Animoji
The TrueDepth camera also enables a fun new feature called "Animoji," aka
animated, 3D emoji characters that you control with your face. To create Animoji,
the TrueDepth camera analyzes more than 50 muscle movements in different areas
of the face, detecting movement of the eyebrows, cheeks, chin, eyes, jaw, lips, eyes,
and mouth.

All of your facial movements are translated to the Animoji characters, making them
reflect your expression and emotion. Animoji can be shared with friends in the
Messages app as stickers and as videos, and you can even add your own voice to
make them talk.
There are 12 different Animoji to choose from, modeled after existing emoji
characters: monkey, robot, cat, dog, alien, fox, poop, pig, panda, rabbit, chicken, and
unicorn.

Rear Camera

The rear iPhone X camera features a dual-lens arrangement in a vertical orientation,

a first in an iPhone. There's a standard f/1.8 aperture 12-megapixel wide-angle lens,
and a f/2.4 aperture 12-megapixel telephoto lens.
Apple is using an improved 12-megapixel sensor in the iPhone X, along with a new
color filter and deeper pixels, but it's not really clear what Apple means by "deeper
pixels."

The iPhone X features a new Apple-designed image signal processor that's able to
better detect the elements in a scene, including people, motion, and lighting, to
optimize photos before they're captured. The image signal processor also brings
advanced pixel processing, wide color capture, faster autofocus, and improved HDR.

Video Capabilities

The iPhone X can capture 4K video at up to 60 frames per second, and 1080p slo-mo
video at up to 240 frames per second. Advanced video stabilization techniques with
larger sensor and the more powerful image signal processor add more stabilization
to videos to reduce motion blur and shakiness.

Apple has added a new video encoder that's able to do real-time image processing
for optimal quality, and there's native support for HEVC compression for the same
video quality with smaller file sizes.

Battery Life

Thanks to efficiency improvements introduced with the A11 Bionic chip, the iPhone X
lasts two hours longer than the previous-generation iPhone 7 or the new iPhone 8,
but it falls just a bit short of the iPhone 7 Plus and the iPhone 8 Plus. The iPhone X
uses a 2,716 mAh battery, which is much higher capacity than the 1,821 mAh battery
in the iPhone 8.
The iPhone X offers up to 21 hours of talk time, 12 hours of internet use, 13 hours of
video playback, and 60 hours of audio playback.

The iPhone X features a two-cell battery in an L-shape design with a capacity of 2,716
mAh, slightly larger than the 2,675 mAh battery in the iPhone 8 Plus. The dual setup
is what allows the device to have a longer battery life than the iPhone 8.

Fast Charging

The iPhone X is "fast-charge capable," which means it can be charged to 50 percent

battery life in 30 minutes. Fast charging requires the iPhone X to be plugged into
Apple's 29W, 61W, or 87W USB-C Power Adapters, which are sold alongside its USB-
C MacBook and MacBook Pro models.