DIRECT AND INDI SHEMROCK ——scHoo.— RANKED HL RECT SPEECH S.NO. | TENSE IN DIRECT SPEECH __| TENSE IN INDIRECT SPEECH 1 SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE SIMPLE PAST TENSE 2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE TENSE 3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE _| PAST PERFECT TENSE ./4 PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS TENSE TENSE 5. SIMPLE PAST TENSE PAST PERFECT TENSE. 6. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE | PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE 7. PAST PERFECT TENSE NO CHANGE 8, PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS | NO CHANGE TENSE 9. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE NO CHANGE 10. | FUTURE CONTINUOUS NO CHANGE TENSE 11__| FUTURE PERFECT TENSE NO CHANGE 12. | FUTURE PERFECT NO CHANGE CONTINUOUS TENSE © scanned with OKEN ScannercS DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH : now | then here | sthere this - that et these those today that day tonight that night last night the previous night yesterday the previous day tomorrow the next day or the following day last week the previous week last month the previous month © scanned with OKEN ScannerSON FORMULA 3 (HE/ SHE/ IT / THEY) 1 (1, WE) 2 (YOU) Ss 0 N (SUBJECT) (OBJECT) (NO CHANGE ) 1 - 1STPERSON 2- 2ND PERSON 3- 3RD PERSON Pronouns of the 1st person are changed according to the subject of the reporting verb. He said , “I want to give my mother the good news . “ He said that he wanted to give his mother the good news. Pronouns of the 2nd person are changed according to the object of the reporting verb. The teacher said to me , " You have to do your work yourself." The teacher told me that | had to do my work myself. Pronouns in the 3rd person remain unchanged. They said, " They are going for tuition.” © scanned with OKEN Scannerey told that they Were going for tuition, changing the speech of Interrogative sentences There are two types of questions : Wh - Family Questions YES / NO ANSWER QUESTIONS. These begin with wh - These begin with Modals - can ,could ,will, would & shall ; what, when ,where , why ,who whom, am, is, are whose and how has , have had do ,does ,did POINTS TO BE KEPT IN MIND If the question begins with a helping verb. For example - Garima said to Mina , “Have you packed your things 2” The conjunction that is not used. The word if or whether is used. The reporting verb is - asked or enquired. ‘The punctuation mark at the end of a sentence stop and not a question mark. in the indirect speech is a full Garima asked Mina if she had packed her things. If the question begins with a question word such as what, when, where , why ,who ;whom, whose and how For example - Garima said to Mina, “ What are you doing ?” The conjunction that is not used. The word if or whether is not used. The reporting verb is - asked or enquired. The punctuation mark at the end of a sentence in the indirect speech is a full stop and not a question mark. The question word is repeated. Garima asked Mina what she was doing. © scanned with OKEN ScanneraPERATIVE SENTENCES CONVERTING COMMANDS AND REQUESTS IN INDIRECT SPEECH THE REPORTING VERBS ‘REQUEST’, ‘COMMAND’ , ‘ORDER’ oR ‘ADVISE’ ARE USED. THAT IS NOT USED. THE VERB IN INDIRECT SPEECH IS USED IN THE INFINITIVE FORM. Mother said to her , “ Please bring me a glass of water”. Mother requested her to bring her a glass of water. & scanned with OKEN Scanner