Standing Waves and Derivation of its Eigen Frequencies

When two identical progressive waves ( i.e. waves having same amplitude,
wavelength & speed) travelling through medium along same path in opposite
direction, interfere with each other, by superposition of waves, the resultant wave
obtained in the form of loops, is called a stationary wave or standing wave.
Standing wave is produced by interference of two periodic waves moving in
opposite directions, each having the same amplitude and frequency
Marks allocation

Definition of Standing Waves – 2 (0) mark(s)

Figure – 1 mark
Figure explanation and approximation – 2 marks
Boundary condition – 1 mark
Derivation with proper explanation – 3 marks
Fundamental frequency and overtones explanation – 1 (3) marks
Class Assignment V

Consider two waves with same amplitude, wavelength and speed moving in
opposite direction and interfered via superposition to form a standing wave.
Discuss the condition to get nodes and anti-nodes in the standing wave.
Numerical
1. Sound waves travel in air at 344 m/s with 262 Hz frequency. Calculate the wavelength
of the wave.
2. A periodic oscillation is described by y(x,t) = 10 sin 𝜋 3 ∗ 106𝑥 − 9 ∗ 1014 𝑡 . Find the
speed, wavelength and frequency of the SHM wave.
3. Equation of a SHM wave at the origin is y(t) = 10 sin 100𝜋𝑡. Find the equation of the
wave after propagating towards origin with the velocity of 300 m/s. Write the equation
in terms of frequency and wavelength.
4. Given amplitude A = 7 m, wavelength = 10 m, frequency = 40 Hz. Write the equation
in terms of frequency and wavelength.
5. Standing waves are formed by the superposition of waves y1(x,t) = 10 sin 3𝜋𝑡 − 4𝑥
and y1(x,t) = 10 sin 3𝜋𝑡 + 4𝑥 . What is the amplitude at x = 18.
Numerical
6. A guitar tuned fundamental frequency of 640 Hz at length 33 cm. The mass of the
string is 0.125 g. What will be the tension felt by the string?
7. A string of a guitar with a length of 5 m and linear mass density 40 g/m in tuned a
fundamental frequency of 20 Hz. Find the tension, frequency on the string of the
second harmonic, frequency and wavelength of the second overtone.