INTRODUZIONE PROGRAMMAZIONE

Software programs are created by analysts and programmers.

The analysts study the users' needs and decide what the program should do.
The programmers then write detailed instructions for the program.
Programs have databases and algorithms.
Databases store information and algorithms process it and the instructions
on how to calculate total pay, tax social security payments.

Before writing the program, a job description is written with the users to
determine the input, processing, and output.
Diagrams are created to show the steps needed to complete the task.
Then, the program is written and tested for errors.
After debugging, users test the program under real conditions.
Further modifications may be needed before the program is approved.

COMPUTER LANGUAGES

There are two types of programming languages: low-level

and high-level.
Low-level language is written in 0s and 1s and is difficult for humans to
understand, low-level-language use a system of codes to represent many
common instruction.
High-level language is easier to understand because it's similar to normal
language or mathematical languages and uses asily commands words like
PRINT, OPEN, GOTO, INCLUDE and STOP.

Programmers write programs in high-level language and then convert it to

low-level language so that the computer can execute the program.
There are many types of programming languages suitable for different jobs.
BASIC is easy to learn and suitable for simple programs, while FORTRAN
(FORmula TRANslation) is useful for complex scientific problems.
COBOL (COmmon Bussiness Oriented Language)
APL
C or C++ LIPS (LISt Processor)
Programming languages

Learning how to program can be an advantage for your career, as

many positions in the technology industry require these skills.
The Best Programming Language? The following list, based on database of
job vacancies for computer programmers, shows the programming language
most requested by employer.
According to job listings for programmers, the most in-demand programming
languages by employers are:
SQL - used for data management in database management systems,
especially for search functions;
Java - a widely used object-oriented programming language used for
developing software for mobile devices, games, and web-based applications;
C - the oldest and widely used programming language, often used for
implementing operating systems and embedded applications.
JavaScript - used to make web pages interactive, such as adding effects and
games;
C++ - a general-purpose programming language used for developing high-
performance software, operating systems, and video games;
C# - dating from 2000 C# is a programming language developed by Microsoft
used for creating enterprise applications for Windows operating systems;
Python - a very readable general-purpose programming language, often
used for developing web and mobile applications;
PHP – in 1994 PHP was a scripting language used for creating dynamic web
pages and web-based applications;
Ruby – like Java, Rudyis a general-purpose programming language, often
used for developing web and mobile applications, designed to be simple and
easy to write;
Swift – in 2014, Apple decided to invent a programming language
developed for creating applications for iOS and OS X operating systems;

Computer programming has created a lot of new words, adapted

words from everyday language, and has many acronyms.
There are websites that provide definitions for these terms, and the exercises
below use some common ones.