Group 12 : Peter Nelson Subrata, Darryl Maulana Hilmy

Assignment 2

Concurrent systems support the concept of executing more than one application or processes
simultaneously or concurrently. The processes run independently of each other and are simply
a composite of one another. This is known as parallel execution and it can be the same or a
different process altogether.

The reason concurrency is used is because going for concurrency reduces the overall
execution time that might be required if the system asks for it one by one at a time.

Concurrency will reduce the processing time in a lot of cases. Three major complications that
come from this are:

● As multiple processes are concurrently running on the system, the operating system
needs to ensure that all of the memory and space that is being used by the process is
correctly and on the main memory to prevent one process from mixing with another or
using the information stored for any other running process.

● A context switch is the process of storing the state of a process or thread, so that it can
be restored and resume execution at a later point, and then restoring a different,
previously saved, state.Context switching between two simultaneous processes requires
enough time to locate and maintain register values for program running. A continuous
communication between operating system and program control block may overload the
system.

● Processes that requires big data blocks for execution may enter deadlocks while waiting
on getting resources freed up by other processes. Deadlock is a situation where a set of
processes are blocked because each process is holding a resource and waiting for
another resource acquired by some other process.