812 Chapter 2 Polynomial and Rational Functions Exercise Set 2.3 Practice Exercises In Exercises 1-10, determine which functions are polynomial {functions For those that ar, identify the degree 1 fle) = 522 + 68 2 f(x) = 78 + ox! 3 (2) = 725 — aah Le ee) = 60 testo 2e 5 h(x) = 70 +20 + 6. As) wae? 2 fly-ash 3845 8 fe) = ate 9. fa = 242 10. f(a) = 227 In Bvercises 1-14, identify which graphs are not those of polynomial functions. um DR 7 2B. 5 4 » {In Bercises 15-18, use the Leading Coefficient Test to determine the end behavior of the graph of the given polynomial function. Then use this end behavior to match the polynomial function with its graph. [The graphs are labeled (a) through (d).] 38. f(a) = nxt? 16. f(a) = 3 — 4a V7. fl) = (3 18, fla) == 5x3 ay 8 6 4 2 In Exercises 19-24, use the Leading Coefficient Test to deter ‘the end behavior ofthe graph of the polynomial function. DW. f(x) = 58 + 7-249 20, f(x) = Ux — ort t x +3 2 f(x) = Se 4 IPH 9 22. f(x) = tet 6eP 3 2B, flx) = S44 Tv 249 24, f(a) = le! — 6x? + 43 In Exercises 25-32, find the zeros for each polynomial fun and give the multiplicity for each zero, Siate whether the g crosses the x-axis, or touches the x-axis and tums aroun each zero 28 Fe 26, $2) 2. fla) =x —3)(x + 67 28. f(x) = -3(x + Ie — 4 D. f(x) = 28-28 +x 30. f(a) = + ae ae BL fs) <3 + Te? — 4x ~ 28 32. f(z) = + 5x8 — 98 — 45 In Exercises 33-40, use the Intermediate Value Theorem to ‘that each polynomial has a real zero between the given integers 38. f(x) = 28 = x = I between {and 2 34. f(x) = 2° — de? + 2: between Oand 1 38. f(x) = 2e4 — 4x2 + I; between —1 and 36, f(x) = x1 + 6x — 18s%; between 2 and 3 37. f(a) 38. f(x) = ~ 1; between I and 2 B®. F(x) = 32° — 10 + Se between ~3 and ~2 40. f(x) = 3x3 — 8x7 + x + 2; between 2 and 3. Sx? — De + I; between ~3 and —2 In Exercises 41-64, 8. Use the Leading Coefficient Test to determine the gra end behavion bb, Find the x-intercepts. State whether the graph crosses wvauls, or touches the x-axis and turns around, ate intercept. ° Find the yintercept. 4d. Determine whether the graph has y-axis symmetry, or: symmeary, or nelther © If necessary find a few additional poirus and graph function. Use the maximum number of tuming poinss check whether i is drawn correctly, AL f(x) =x 42-2 a2, F(x) 4. f(x) =x 92 48. f(x) = ~at + 16x27Section 2.3 Polynomial Functions and Their Graphs 313 fajext-ad e248 fe) 68 toe Th n 2 abet SO (ays nat 28 2) = 64 ~ 9 82. f(x) = 6x — P= x s)-32-8 B4 f(a) =] - Et 3x 1°34) RR YES. 101) aa byes.101] ~2(x — 4a? — 25) fis) = r- 1 +2) Application Exercises fis) =e + e+ 1) The bar graph shows the number of Americans living with HIV 7 Fes) = ex 18 +2) and AIDS from 2001 through 2005. 2) = Me + Ye ‘Number of Americans Living = (x + 2)("-2) ‘vith HIV and AIDS 9) = 204 — 1a +5) «50.000 “ise -3x'(x 1)" +3) goo 415,193 = 27 + x= 1) sooo f= (8432+) +4) & arson 4 350000 ¢ Plus 2 325,000 reses 65-72, complete graphs of polynomial functions Som q = coros are integers are shown. % Find the zeros and state whether the multiplicity of each ‘ont 2902 2008 2004 2005 i ‘ero is even or odd Year Write an equation, expressed asthe product of factors of a Source Depaenent Hes ane Human Servos polynomial function that might have each graph. Use a leading coefficient of 1 or =1, and make the degree of | ‘The datain the bar graph ean be modeled by the following second- as small as possible. and third-degree polynomial functions Use bot the equation in part (b) and the graph to find the intercept. s : Muvecd f(x) = ~3402x2 + 42,203 + 308,453, | 6. Nps.xyeare g(x) = 2769x" — 28,324x" + 107,555x + 261,931 2000 Use these functions to solve Exercises 73-74 | TB. a. Use both functions to find the number of Americans l living with HIV and AIDS in 2003. Which function ES Alby F212, 1] 5,611 by 40.40.10) provides « better description for the actial number shown inthe bar graph? - a , Consider the function from pat (a) that serves asa better model for 2003. Use the Leading Coefficient Test to ~ determine the end behavior tothe right for the graph of = this function, Will the funetion be useful in modeling, the ‘number of Americans living with HIV and AIDS over an ‘extended period of time? Explain your answer. 74. a. Use both functions to find the number of Americans . ExG veto] Seer living with HIV and AIDS in 2005. Whieh function provides a better description for the actual number shown aay inthe bar graph? ». Consider the function from part (a) that serves asa better model for 2005. Use the Leading Coetficiont Test to « determine the end bebavior tothe right for the graph of this function, Based on this end behavior, ean the furetion bbe used to model the aumber of Americans living with HIV and AIDS over an extended period of time? Explain your answer. [a hy -40.4,4) 2.5.11 by 40.4.4]AA24 Answers to Selected Exercises Exercise Set 2.3 1. polynomial function; degree:3 9. nota polynomial function 16, falls to the let and rises to the right 2x 27. x = 3 has multiplicity 1: The graph crosses the w-ais; x — 28, x= Ohas mulplcity 1:The graph crosses the sans; x BL x= 2,y~—2ands = 37 f(-3) = 14-2) 2B. f(-3) = 441 a. 2) rises tothe rb and falls tothe let, brn -2x=1x5-1 4) roses the axis a each, «The pintereept is 2 neither 47-2) Beinseatnena F(x) alls to the left andthe right. brn Ox-42=—% (x) roses the x-axis at ~4 and 4; Fes) touches the x-axis at 0 The y-intereept is. 4. yaxissymmetry faye ee a fis)f isto the lett andthe right br 0,0=2 {f() eroses the x-axis a 0 and 2. ‘The yimoreept isd 4 neither Foym acta a. F(x) rises othe left and falls tothe right. bir=Ox=3, F(3) eroses the ‘les touches the The y-intercoptis 0 4. neither 3. polynomial function; degree: 5 1, could be polynomial function 2. rises tothe left and tothe right as multiplicity 1; The graph crosses the x-axs;x ~ ~4 has multiplicity 2: The graph touches the s-axs and furns around, ‘has multiplicity 3The graph crosses the axis has muliplicity The graph touches the x-axis and turns around, 7 have multiplicity 1;The graph crosses the x-axis '. nota polynomial function 7. not polynomial function 13, nota polynomial function 15.6 I a 23, fallsto the left and othe right BRAM) ==hfQ)=S13- 38 FI) 3-22 48. a f(x) rises to the left and the right bx-Oendx=—-3 fe) crosses the s-asis at ~3 and 3: {£(4) touches the xaxis The intercept is 4. praxis symmetry Ao 47 a. f(x) rises tothe Tet and the right, r=Ox=1 Fle) touches the was tO and 1 The p-interceptis 0 4. neither (4) rises tothe lft and falls to the right. Dex= 04-25, f(x) crosses the x-axis a0; {ls touches the vais at V3 and —-V3. The intercepts. &. oxigin symmetry a Farm Ge tn 58. a f(x) falls to the let and the night berm dra 2252 fx) crosses the x-axis at ~2and2; ‘touches the vas at 1. The pinterceptis 2, @ neitherAnswers to Selected Exercises AA25 F) ises tothe fet and the right 59, a. f(x) falls tothe left and the sght bre-2x=0r51 br -3x=0.x=1 ‘le exsses the x-axis at ~2 and 1 lx) crosses the xanis at ~3 and I; $e) touches the x-axis at 0 (x) touches the x-axis at 0, The y-intercep is 0 The yimtercoptis 0. 4. neither neither faves e+? faves) GGL a f(x) falls tothe Heft and the right 63. a. f(s) rises tothe left snd the right. bra -S2=0%-1 bro m4eeLx=2 Fl) erosses the axis at ~S and 0; Fla) crosses the x-axis at 4 and ts F(x) touches the x-axis at. (a) touches the x-axis a2. The intercept is. ‘. The p-intercept is 16, 4. neither a neither Te faye teers) ASF te a -2oddsloddsodd bi fle) = («42K Ia) 8 —Aodd:3even b. fx) = (r+ = 3F ed a —Zevensdeven bi fx) = (e+ 3-2! 36 Them. Deven: —L,odd;1odd by flx) = (x + 2% + Dex 1)? M4 73. a J(3) ~ 40484; g(3) = 404,445;funetion fb falls tothe right) No, since the graph falls to the right, the number of people ving ‘ith HIV and AIDS will eventually be negative; model breakdown wil occur. 7S. a from 1 through 4 min ad frem 8 through 10 min 1. from theough 8 min and from 10 through [2 mine 3d 4 e, negative; The graph falls to the left and fll tothe right 11631 beats permin; 10min g, 64:41 beats per min; 8 min 85. ‘- 7. * %. a OL, docs not make sense 108, makessense WS. false 107. false 109. flx)= = 2110. 355, ML 6 == Se +4 2 (e-3)Qx—I)lr +2) Section 2.4 Check Point Exercises Lxt5 22843x-245 Bate tes ae Exercise Set 24 Bred Qb3eeL S2eeass aeeae tS atte 6- SB mae sets oot 6+ sete teme edie r9 + as Point tse m0 PO me Peat eee 2 me LAE toot puot- me sist siete JB, mas aI IML MLAs GER DEeS 2} as {-3 LE} ar zrmcremsinersce(-2.1.2) 4 1:TReremsindeiszer: {3.5.1} Theremsinderis0, be 3mm $3, OSE ~ Gude +03 $8, a. 70; When the tex rate is 30%, tax revenue is $700 lion, (30,70) 80 + 8 (20) = 70:yes _ No,fvarational function because itis a quotient of wo polyoma, 67, makes sense ©, doesnotmakesense 7 tu 73. fale 7S x- 2. {-THVS} 8H {-2HIVI} aL -3