FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

KAMPALA CAMPUS

CHRISTIAN ETHICS 1
CEV1101
TUTOR: MRS. ELIZABETH MUWANGUZI
WORK AND LEISURE
NAME: Kwapi David Willy
REGISTRATION NUMBER: _________________

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Table of Contents
WORK ...................................................................................................................................... 3

Types of Employment........................................................................................................... 4

a) Self-employment ...................................................................................................... 4

b) Paid employment ....................................................................................................... 5

➢ Money ...................................................................................................................... 5

➢ Independence ............................................................................................................. 5

➢ Utilizing skills and learning more. ................................................................................ 6

➢ To earn respect........................................................................................................... 6

General words relating to jobs and work .............................................................................. 6

• Gig .............................................................................................................................. 6

• Job security ................................................................................................................. 7

• Portfolio working ......................................................................................................... 7

• Profession ................................................................................................................... 7

• Service ........................................................................................................................ 7

• Work............................................................................................................................ 7

• Work experience ......................................................................................................... 7

• Working life ................................................................................................................. 8

• Workload ..................................................................................................................... 8

• Trade........................................................................................................................... 8

• Vacancy ...................................................................................................................... 8

• Walk of life .................................................................................................................. 8

• Collaboration ............................................................................................................... 8

• Delegation ................................................................................................................... 8

• Division of labor .......................................................................................................... 9

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 • Employability ............................................................................................................... 9

Challenges People encounter at Work ................................................................................. 9

Christian Approach to Work. .............................................................................................. 10

1) God calls us to work with him in providing for people ................................................. 10

2) Work is part of God’s big picture ............................................................................... 10

3) Our actual work matters to God, now and eternally. ..................................................... 10

4) Our work is yoked with Christ. .................................................................................. 11

5) Our work should be centered on service to others. ....................................................... 11

6) A rhythm of work and rest is essential to life. .............................................................. 11

LEISURE ................................................................................................................................ 13

Categories of Leisure. ........................................................................................................ 15

• Social Leisure ........................................................................................................... 15

• Cognitive Leisure ...................................................................................................... 16

• Physical Leisure ........................................................................................................ 16

Impact of leisure ................................................................................................................. 24

Dangers of Leisure. ................................................................................................................ 25

Biblical Review on Leisure. .................................................................................................... 26

1. Time must serve the glory of God .......................................................................... 26

2. Our time is not our own .......................................................................................... 26

3. Time must be redeemed ........................................................................................ 27

4. Leisure time must be used in a biblically balanced way ......................................... 27

CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................................... 28

REFERENCES....................................................................................................................... 29

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 WORK

Engineers working
▪ Work is an occupation or something that someone does or has
done. An example of work is a job as an engineer, accountant
and many more. Work is defined as to put forth effort in order
to accomplish something or to have a job.
▪ Work and employment may be used indistinctly in everyday
language, but for the labor market they mean very different
things. Employment is a very specific form of work. Other
forms of work include own-use production work, volunteer
work and unpaid trainee work. In everyday language, work and
employment are synonyms.
▪ Employment most generally means the state of having a paid
job—of being employed. To employ someone is to pay them to
work. An employer provides employment to employees.
Employment can also refer to the act of employing people, as in
We're working to increase our employment of women.

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 ▪ Work can also mean where someone is employed. With
employment, there are two types of employment;
Types of Employment

a) Self-employment

Self-employment is the state of working for oneself rather than an

employer.
Self-employed people generally find their own work rather than
being provided with work by an employer, earning income from a
profession, a trade or a business that they operate.

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 b) Paid employment

Paid employment means a period of time during which any

employee has been hired by a business and is receiving Rhode Island
wages or salaries for his or her service.
Paid employment jobs are those jobs where the incumbents hold
explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts which
give them a basic remuneration which is not directly dependent upon
the revenue of the unit for which they work.

REASONS WHY PEOPLE WORK

➢ Money

People work to make money. People need money for food, for rent,
and to have fun with their friends and family.

➢ Independence

Money isn’t the only reason to work. Working can also give you
more economic independence and more control over your own life.
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When you work, you are learning new things, getting more skills,
and making friends with people you meet through your job.
➢ Social Recognition and Affirmation
Some people do their work because it creates an opportunity for
social interactions. The fact that their jobs involve a lot of teamwork,
networking, and some entertainment aspects is enough to make
people pursue work.

➢ Utilizing skills and learning more.

No one wants to stay idle or out of places that give them

opportunities to exercise their skills. This explains why people
search for jobs that match their skills, abilities, talents, and aims.
They include as much experience in the resume as possible to be
considered for employment.

➢ To earn respect

Respect is among the things that contribute to one’s self-esteem and

happiness in life. It is apparent people would pursue jobs that earn
them respect in the society. This element of honor could be found in
the workplace or outside the working environment.
General words relating to jobs and work

• Gig

This is a piece of work that you do for money, especially if you are
self-employed.
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 • Job security

The knowledge that your job is permanent as long as you want it to

be

• Portfolio working

A way of organizing your working life in which you work for

several different employers and do several different jobs at one time
instead of working all the time for one employer

• Profession

A job that you need special skills and qualifications to do, especially
one with high social status

• Service

Work or duties done for a person or an organization

• Work

Work is defined as an activity involving mental and physical effort

done in order to achieve purpose or result.

• Work experience

The experience and skills that you gain in doing a particular job.
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 • Working life

This is the period of time in your life that you work.

• Workload

This is the amount of work that a person or organization has to do.

• Trade

A job or type of work that someone is trained to do.

• Vacancy

A job that is available for someone to do.

• Walk of life

The job someone does or the position they have in society.

• Collaboration

Something that people produce by working together

• Delegation

The process of giving some of your work, duties, or responsibilities

to a less senior person or a less powerful person
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 • Division of labor

The way that the work that needs to be done is divided so that
different people are responsible for different parts of it.

• Employability

The fact of having the relevant skills, qualifications, experience, or

qualities to get a job.
Challenges People encounter at Work

People spend nearly one third of their adult lives at work, and
workplace issues are a common source of stress for many. It is
impossible to have a workplace where everyone's roles,
expectations, and personalities work perfectly together, without
conflict. As such, certain workplace issues may cause negative
psychological symptoms.
Research shows perceived stress in the workplace, for example, is
associated with a higher prevalence of mental health issues such as
depression and anxiety.
• Interpersonal conflict
• Communication problems
• Gossip
• Bullying
• Harassment
• Discrimination

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 • Low motivation and job satisfaction
• Performance issues
• Poor job fit
Christian Approach to Work.

1) God calls us to work with him in providing for people.

As Christians we must see our work as a critical way in which
God is caring for human beings and renewing his world. Work
is not our salvation by giving us our worth and identity, or
giving us the money to buy the things that make us happy.

2) Work is part of God’s big picture. God created all things and
He has revealed that, in His sovereignty, He is progressing
created order through a process of Creation, fall and
Redemption. God’s created order started with the perfect
garden (Garden of Eden) and will be consummated in the
perfect city (New Jerusalem).

3) Our actual work matters to God, now and eternally.

God has chosen to create men and women in His image to, among
other things, work and tend this created order for His glory and for
the betterment of humankind. In ways we can’t fully understand, the
good work we do now, done with and for Him, will survive into the
New Jerusalem. Work itself has intrinsic value.

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 4) Our work is yoked with Christ.
We should work as if yoked to Jesus Christ. The “foundation of His
throne is Righteousness and Justice, with Love and Faithfulness
going before Him.” Our work, and the decisions we make, should be
based on these principles: aligned with God’s moral standards,
always concerned with the fair treatment of others and with a clear
expression of Christ’s love for all people. Matthew 11:29-30, Take
my yoke upon you, and learn from me; for I am gentle and humble
in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. For my yoke is easy,
and my burden is light.”
5) Our work should be centered on service to others. From the
products and services we provide, to providing fair financial
rewards, and providing opportunities for others to exercise their
gifts and talents. Our work is an opportunity to seek the peace
and well-being of our organizations, cities, and nations.
Humility and gratitude should be the hallmark of our character.
We should always acknowledge God in our work and consider
that being an ambassador for Him is a weighty, but honored,
responsibility. ” 1 Peter 4:10 (NRSV), Like good stewards of
the manifold grace of God, serve one another with whatever gift
each of you has received.”

6) A rhythm of work and rest is essential to life.

God invites us into a deliberate pattern of regular rest. These periods

of rest are intended to be restorative and are also opportunities to
intentionally take time to consider Christ and our relationship with
Him. “Exodus 20:8–11 8 remember the Sabbath day, and keep it
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holy. 9 Six days you shall labor and do all your work. 10 But the
seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God; you shall not do any
work—you, your son or your daughter, your male or female slave,
your livestock, or the alien resident in your towns. 11 For in six days
the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but
rested the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day
and consecrated it.”

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 LEISURE

Ugandans attending Wizkid’s concert in Kampala. Credit: Courtesy photo

Leisure is the time which an individual has free from work or other
duties and which may be utilized for the purposes of relaxation,
diversion, social achievement, or personal development.
Leisure is a state of mind which ordinarily is characterized by un-
obligated time and willing optimism. It can involve extensive
activity or no activity. The key ingredient is an attitude which fosters
a peaceful and productive co-existence with the elements in one's
environment.
Leisure, then, is a block of unoccupied time, spare time, or free time
when we are free to rest or do what we choose. Leisure is time
beyond that which is required for existence, the things which we
must do, biologically, to stay, alive (that is, eat, sleep, eliminate,
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medicate, and so on): and subsistence, the things we must do to
make a living as in work, or prepare to make a living as in school, or
pay for what we want done if we do not do it ourselves. Leisure is
time in which our feelings of compulsion should be minimal It is
discretionary time, the time to be used according to our own
judgment or choice.
The most common conceptualization views leisure as that portion of
time which remains when time for work and the basic requirements
for existence have been satisfied. Leisure can be viewed as no work
behavior in which people engage during free time. If we accept the
notion of prepotency and the idea of different levels of need, then we
can re-state the Aristotelian definition of leisure.
Leisure is the state or condition of being free from the urgent
demands of lower level needs
An example of leisure is the time after work has ended and all
errands for the day have been run.

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 Categories of Leisure.

• Social Leisure

Ugandans tubing on River Nile. Credit: Courtesy photo

The primary focus of social leisure is socializing with family and

friends. So, you might:

• Get a few parents together and organize a day trip to a local

museum. Great for the adults and the kids!
• Attend a concert with friends. Sometimes tickets (and travel)
can get expensive, so look around for local shows or even free
concert events. For example, my city has an outdoor summer
concert series each year from May until September (with the
exception of this year’s coronavirus nightmare, of course).
Attending is free (though you might want to bring a few dollars
for the vendors!).
• Look for volunteering opportunities. Many animal shelters
regularly seek volunteers for dog walking. Some nursing homes

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 accept volunteers to spend time reading to or playing games
with residents.

• Cognitive Leisure

With cognitive leisure, the focus is on mentally stimulating

activities.

• Have a friend teach you chess. Or, if you know how to play,
volunteer to teach someone else chess.
• Start journaling. Work on poems, or short story ideas, or simply
unload your day on the pages before bed.
• Learn a new language.

• Physical Leisure

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Physical leisure activities involve exercise and sport.

• Join a community soccer or softball league.

• Take a yoga class. Some yoga studios can get a little pricey, but
some have the occasional donation-based class. Also, you could
opt for just one class a week and spend the rest of the week
practicing what you learned in that week’s class.

EXAMPLES LEISURE ACTIVITIES

Bicycling
Bowling
Curling
Horseback riding
Golfing
Hiking/walking
Skating
Skiing
Swimming
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BICYCLING

This is the use of bicycles for transport, recreation, exercise or

sport.

People do cycling for health and fitness.

BOWLING

Bowling is a target sport and recreational activity in which a

player rolls a ball toward.

Bowling is also known as “Tenpins” is one of the world’s most

popular recreational games. Players roll a heavy ball along a
lane in an attempt to knock down ten pins. The approach is at
least 15 feet, and allows bowlers to take several strides to gain
momentum before releasing the ball.

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Horseback riding

The sport or activity of

riding horses, especially for enjoyment

or as a form of exercise

Most people do horse riding during their leisure

time

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GOLFING

Golf is an individual sport played by hitting

a ball with a club from a tee into a hole.

The object is to get the ball into the hole

with the least number of swings or strokes

of the club

The playing area is called a golf course.

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HIKING/WALKING

This means the activity of going

for long walks, especially across

country.

Hiking benefits

Lower your risk of heart disease

Improve your blood pressure and blood sugar levels
Boost bone density, since walking is a weight-bearing exercise
Build strength in your gluts, quadriceps, hamstrings and the
muscles in your hip and lower legs
Strengthen your core

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SKATING

The action or activity of gliding

in ice skates or roller skates as

a sport or pastime.

Inline skating, travelling

on surfaces with skates

having one line of wheels

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LISTENING TO MUSIC

Music constitutes a leisure activity

for many people, either through

listening or making music.

Music can also play a role in the

development and maintenance of

identity through the kind of music

listened to.

SWIMMING

This is the propulsion of the body

through water by combined arm and leg and leg motions and the
natural flotation

of the body.

Swimming as an exercise is

popular as an all-round body

developer and is particularly

useful in therapy and as exercise for physically handicapped

persons.

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 Impact of leisure
 Outside of a work performance realm, quality leisure time
has also been shown to help with wider psychological and
cognitive wellbeing, physical health, and quality of life.
 It promotes an improved creativity.
 Leisure investments like waterfronts and others attract new
businesses that contribute to the revenue tax generated.
 Tourism is a growing segment worldwide driven by the
urge for recreational activities where people are more
focused on exploring various regions to make memories
and, as a result, contributes to increased foreign exchange.
 Different recreation facilities spread throughout various
regions in a country offer varying services, which helps to
curb inflation and lessen unemployment levels. The
facilities have established public service jobs like facility
construction, developments, transport, gaming providers,
service provision, among many, which will improve the
quality of life in the regions.
 Participating in recreational activities helps improve
physical well-being.
 It improves emotional health and cognitive functioning.
It also offers opportunities to socialize with peers

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 Dangers of Leisure.

Negative use of leisure, including heavy alcohol use, is

associated with physical inactivity, stress, and short and
long-term health concerns
The effects of recreation on our environment are numerous.
Sports as well as outdoor activities can significantly alter the
Earth's natural surroundings and cause disruption to wildlife.
 Green spaces are compromised for recreational purposes. In
order for there to be 18-hole golf courses, the land must be
stripped of its natural elements in order to provide the
perfect fairway. Also, cement needs to be put down for
basketball or tennis courts, which doesn't leave room for
plants and trees.
 Secondly, the biodiversity and ecosystems can be disrupted.
For example, water crafts have destroyed parts of coral
reefs and have even been responsible for the deaths of sea
animals such as manatees. In addition, off-road vehicles can
disturb wildlife and erode the soil.
 Individuals engaging in recreational activities can cause
pollution. Sporting events and camping outdoors can be
enjoyable, but people can cause air, soil and groundwater
pollution. Litter. As well as gas emissions and oil leaks can
compromise wildlife.

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 Biblical Review on Leisure.

Leisure provides us with the opportunity to worship God.

Leisure should be used to serve God. Christians associate
leisure with personal growth and fellowship. Jesus recognized
the need for rest by withdrawing his disciples from their active
ministry. It's good to have time alone for reflection, rest, visit
friend etc.

1. Time must serve the glory of God

The first biblical principle which relates to the use of leisure

time is that which Paul states powerfully in 1 Corinthians
10:31, "Whether therefore ye eat, or drink, or whatsoever ye
do, do all to the glory of God."

2. Our time is not our own

The psalmist confesses: "My times are in Thy hands" (Ps.

31:15). This means, dear young people that our time does not
belong to us. Time is God's gift to us. We cannot simply do
with our time what we want to do, but must ask also in regard
to leisure time, "Lord, what wilt Thou have me to do?" If we
are serious about living a biblical, Christian lifestyle – as I pray
that you are – also our leisure time must be placed in the
framework of 1 Corinthians 6:19, "What? Know ye not that
your body is the temple of the Holy Ghost which is in you,
which ye have of God, and ye are not your own?"
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 3. Time must be redeemed

Paul wrote to the Ephesians, "See then that ye walk

circumspectly, not as fools, but as wise, redeeming the time,
because the days are evil" (5:15-16), and to the Colossians,
"Walk in wisdom toward them that are without, redeeming the
time" (4:5). In original Greek usage, this expression,
"redeeming the time," signifies "to embrace and improve every
opportunity of doing good" – good in relationship to God, to
myself, and to my neighbor. Thus, we are called to use our
leisure time in the spirit of love – love to God above all and to
our neighbor as ourselves.
To redeem something means to buy it back. To redeem time
means to quite literally retrieve time from the clutches of Satan,
temptation, and our own sin-prone hearts.

4. Leisure time must be used in a

biblically balanced way

Solomon teaches us beautifully that there is a suitable time for

all lawful things in life: "To everything there is a season, and a
time to every purpose under the heaven: a time to be born, and
a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which
is planted; a time to kill, and a time to heal; a time to break
down, and a time to build up; a time to weep, and a time to
laugh; a time to mourn, and a time to dance; a time to cast away
stones, and a time to gather stones together; a time to embrace,
and a time to refrain from embracing; a time to get, and a time
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to lose; a time to keep, and a time to cast away; a time to rend,
and a time to sew; a time to keep silence, and a time to speak; a
time to love, and a time to hate; a time of war, and a time of
peace … God hath made everything beautiful in His time … I
said in mine heart, God shall judge the righteous and the
wicked: for there is a time there for every purpose and for every
work" (Eccl. 3:1-8, 11a, 17).

CONCLUSION

▪ Promoting and practicing a healthy work-life balance is

good for people as well as businesses. The benefits are
manifold, and it does wonders to strengthen the bonds
between an employee and their organization.
▪ Vigorous leisure time physical activity decreased the risk
of poor physical functioning as perceived considerably
later in life, while high work strenuousness, smoking, and
overweight increased it.

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 REFERENCES
▪ How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale
Carnegie
▪ The Magic of Thinking Big by David Schwartz
▪ Man’s Search for Meaning by Viktor Frankel
▪ Philosophy of Leisure by Marco H.

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