Q1)

a-Draw the taxonomy of computer system organization included

the parallel processor Architectures.

b-List and briefly define three types of computer system

organization.
Answer:
a):

b):

1. Single instruction, single data (SISD) stream: A single processor executes a

single instruction stream to operate on data stored in a single memory.
2. Single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) stream: A single machine instruction
controls the simultaneous execution of a number of processing elements on a
lockstep basis. Each processing element has an associated data memory, so that
each instruction is executed on a different set of data by the different processors.
3. Multiple instruction, multiple data (MIMD) stream: A set of processors
simultaneously execute different instruction sequences on different data sets

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Q2)
Compare between multiprocessor and uniprocessor computer
systems in the following aspect:
1- Ease of programming
2- The need for synchronization
3- Performance
4- Runtime system
Answer
1- Ease of Programming:
Multiprocessing system:
It requires a very sophisticated operating system to schedule, balance, and coordinate
the input, output, and processing activities of multiple processors. The design of
such an operating system is a complex and time take job.
Uniprocessing system:
In single processing system it is easy to support kernel synchronisation and CPU
scheduling. Hence, they are more user-friendly and easy to program and work on as
compared to multiprocessor systems.

2-The need for synchronization:

it's a must in multiprocessor system to synchronize the works between the processors.
No need in uniprocessor.

3- Performance Evaluation:
Multiprocessor systems have better performance quotient than uniprocessor since on
a single computing unit all operations ( additions, multiplications, other arithmatic,
logical operations, etc ) are done sequentally on the unit while they can be joined
together in a multiprocessor environment.

4-Run time system:

In uni-processor the execution of a program takes more time than multi-Processing system
because in multi-processing system the program is divided into parts and is executed parallel.

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Q3)
- Show by fig the Architecture of the following parallel
Organizations
a)SISD b) SIMD c)MIMD (with shared memory)

d)MIMD (with distributed memory)

Answer:

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‫)‪Q4‬‬

‫الصفحة ‪4‬‬
Answer:

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‫الصفحة ‪6‬‬
Q5)
a)What are some of the key benefits of clustering?
b) compare between cluster and SMPs?
Answer:

a)

-Absolute scalability: It is possible to create large clusters that far surpass the power
of even the largest standalone machines.

-Incremental scalability: A cluster is configured in such a way that it is possible to

add new systems to the cluster in small increments. Thus, a user can start out with a
modest system and expand it as needs grow, without having to go through a major
upgrade in which an existing small system is replaced with a larger system.

-High availability: Because each node in a cluster is a standalone computer, the

failure of one node does not mean loss of service.

-Superior price/performance: By using commodity building blocks, it is possible to

put together a cluster with equal or greater computing power than a single large
machine, at much lower cost.

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b)

•Both provide multiprocessor support to high demand applications

• Both available commercially

—SMP for longer

• SMP:

—Easier to manage and control

—Closer to single processor systems

– Scheduling is main difference

– Less physical space

– Lower power consumption

• Clustering:

—Superior incremental & absolute scalability

—Superior availability

– Redundancy

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Q6)
- Draw the pipeline ALU and parallel ALU approaches to vector
Computation.
Answer:

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