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24 Antiviral Handout
24 Antiviral Handout
Öner Süzer
www.onersuzer.com
osuzer@istanbul.edu.tr
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Last update: 13.04.2011
Viruses
• Viruses are the smallest infective agents, consisting
essentially of nucleic acid (either RNA or DNA)
enclosed in a protein coat or capsid.
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• Some important examples of viruses and the
diseases they cause are as follows:
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DNA viruses
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RNA viruses
• Orthomyxoviruses (influenza)
• Paramyxoviruses (measles, mumps)
• Rubella virus (German measles)
• Rhabdoviruses (rabies)
• Picornaviruses (colds, meningitis, poliomyelitis)
• Retroviruses (AIDS, T-cell leukemia)
• Arenaviruses (meningitis, Lassa fever)
• Arboviruses (arthropod-borne encephalitis, yellow
fever)
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Mechanism of action of antiviral drugs
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Antiviral mechanism of action: Inhibition of
nucleic acid synthesis II
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Neuramidase inhibitors
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Immunomodulators
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The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
and AIDS
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The interaction of HIV with the host's
immune system
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Highly active antiretroviral therapy I
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Anti-AIDS Drugs
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
• Nucleoside: • Non-nucleoside
Abacavir Neviparine
Didanosine Delavirdine
Lamivudine Efavirenz
Stavudine Loviride
Zalcitabine
Zidovudine • Nucleotide
Tenefovir
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Zidovudine (continued)
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Pharmacokinetic aspects
of zidovudine I
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Pharmacokinetic aspects
of zidovudine II
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Unwanted effects of zidovudine II
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Didanosine (dideoxyinosine, ddl)
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Unwanted effects of didanosine
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Unwanted effects of zalcitabine
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Protease inhibitors
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Protease inhibitors (continued)
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Fusion inhibitors
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Thank you…
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