Bio simi field 4 Preamble to The Description Complete and the way it is to The Following specification particularly describes i aes ™ mt from the begiwiy sivosifie ‘goce siart has been amazingly fast and mere-onct The development pace of Braking SASS cao used Braking Systems are the kinetic ag Brakes. These brakes majorly emphasize the fact that during = Cancnsfiey ‘ar ofthe obec gets converted info heat In Hydraulic Brakes 2 actuator és CB ue seated of oyinder and a pistor’ When brake & appiedy he ail from master o \¢ pyes presant- which consists ‘speed limitations. One of the major disadvantages of this system is that the braking is not instantaneous and there is a time delay response due to pressure build! up. Wear anc tear is: also a big issue in hydraulic brakes. and hence it requires frequent time: to time maintenance. ‘Same probiems are experienced by other friction brakes. Fi To overcome these problems fo some extent, invention of Eddy current Brakes am ye role. The Eddy Current Brake is a contactless braking system{in it)a conducting disc is placed In, between an electromagnetic core. On application of brake, Eddy Current is developed in the braldet, conducting disqacting in direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the disc (Lorentz force) resulting in braking action. Unlike hydraulic brakes it is highly Eificient in High-speed scenarios. One of the major drawbacks of this system is that it has litle to no use in low speeds as the orent2 force produced i insufficient for efficient braking and hence this brake is usually coupled wih friction brakes or used as a retarder. US patent US628663781 shaws an Eddy wstyer : Cun j a Another variation of Electromagnetic Brake uses the basic property of magnetism ie., Aaraction. It consists of a ferromagnetic brake disc and an electromagnet, when the brake is @pplied the electromagnet gets activated and itis attracted toward the ferromagnetic disc. The faction material attached to the electromagnet is rubbed against the surface of disc which converts kinetic energy of disc to heat due to fricfion*But one of the of this system 's the heat produced is extremely high, wear and tear is also high. It is used \Yarious cranes and locomotives. voy, ‘The present invention takes care of drawbacks of above-mentioned braking techniques and aves a fully electromagnenc Hybad Braking System. It is a combination of eddy current braking, ‘system and electromagnetic braking system. The idea behind working of this hybri ‘ystem 's that. on braking during high speeds the eddy current brake wil get used and below certain speeds when braking torque provided by the eddy currents i& insufficient the (> ; electromagnetic brake will ‘causing the brake 10 stop. This system will Ccontiok ue that wall brake should get activated. This system sof! 4 Oehot yrsyanl€ — Full Form Iohen peste ot sil be v sco grovrmeray Wendy 36 Sie Jono bake debs produced atch low speed =, DESCRIPTION Technical Field of Invention “The present invention, m general relates to design of Hybrid Electromagnetic Braking ysir™ which is environmentally fendly and produces lite to no wear and tear. It can also be used as [589 oy conoing ne arent gven fo electomagnes. tis high eficient even at Noh Spas Bb fsam . se ‘and has quick response time resulting in less braking distance. . obowod® we Se ahd “This braking system can be used to provide optimum braking torque at variable speeds. The consists of an eddy current ich is not commercially used as primary gS ns srs and specially wes eddy current = 1 erecromagnetc bake at ow speeds where ey curent produced s sufint ae, Some brake models: have been patented by the researchers and experts in this fle! prior . this. Some of the most common patents searched for brake models are listed below. roy US6.286.637 61(2001) discloses a contactless eddy current braking system for cars which compnises of two coiled cores forming an electric magnet. a speed sensor. a current amplifier to control cument value, 2 control unit to calculate a DC or AC control current. in acidition, the control unit also allows a OC aurrent or AC current with different phases to be supplied to the: coil when the car is runs at high speed or at a low speed respectively. The DC and AC current varies with pedaling force. WO 20071000776 Al discioses an electromagnetic based braking system for the vehicle. In ‘order to reduce the speed of the vehucle friction braking is used using the plate and inner set of ‘pegs on the plate. When the brake pedal is pressed further the current through the circuit increases and hence the second set of pegs which are an the outer side of the plate are the brake pedal the pegs attached with spring assembly 5 retumed to the original position. The invention furthes discloses the method in which the brake 1s applied in the system. [USE254061A (1993) discloses an improved eddy current braking system for fly whee! breaking, exercise, including the use of a flat aluminium dise and electromagnets to either side of disc. electromagnets contain multiple pole pieces to multiply the torque 10 reduce heating and powerwits Additionally, the utilization of aluminium prevents the warpage associate: \sumption. : prasegesirse cas: eweng Sone Sn Cowhruchen Se — SmO OST tease itonpuendesFoUSUAMY objec 1. The primary object of the present invention is to develop a fully Electromagnetic brakingy = Following is the ist of figures provided to understand the components of hybrid braking _@u Fig 1 - Side view of the braking system. — o Fig. 2—The variation of benahing tome st citicat speed. Fig3- The relation between Braking Torque. Angular velocity and current... Fig The retation between braking torque and curent at constant angular velocity Fig 6 - The perspective view of the discs. DETAILED DESCRIPTIONthe current increases, stvength of electromagnets increases. Fig. 5 llustrates the relation between braking torque and current at constant angular velocity (a). Thus, we can also vary the strength of braking as per our requirement by simply adjusting the current supplied to the electromagnets. The braking torque produced can be calculated by the following expression: Ty = aR? SdOB a ‘Where S. R and d represent the pole area, distance between center of the disc and pole center. and angular velocity, respectively. An air gap is given between the electromagnet and disc: 2. is considered as ideal for “The smaller the air gap lesser the losses. An air gap of around tmm is ‘etentivity. : fis3 exploded Mew , ory pon- — VX | is ial ce GR ON AEs bow « of ¢ eli powCLAIMS 1. A Hybrid Electromagnetic braking system comprising of: (a) conducting disc 2. (b} : a 2 ‘The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the disc 2 and disc § are circular 3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the disc 2 and disc 5 are 4. The system as claimed in claim 1, whereir 6 The intensty of braking can be adusted by varying the cument providect 7. The said braking system is efficient at all ‘9. The said braking system has less response time. ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTIO! The idea behind the invention is to make a Hybrid Electromagnetic braking system for generating optimum braking torque at all speed ranges efficiently. The component includes eater 1. conducting dis:2. Electromagnets for eddy current brakes 4, ferromagnetic disc §.woldSoH (awe) T .Cue ioe ail fig tocabeus to sup ely curt 1d Foremoaynewi ¢ moduiel . — Voltoge 7 C&D - 4 / Cower~} | wo