nih “It is with words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they H Apes [TopSage.com RANE, WREZSH (7HRSUL), SEBRLRAHDLCH BARBEX HRSA CRRA? RHLYRLRSRR, CAD LERMY ALE! RREBERTER, RAEBSID, SU-MXRLA7 ~10 SBWA-EHRER PARTE), KBRRCS RAH. OF4, 5,6, 7 SHHSDEX, KEBNREMN f ATSORARE RIOR, RNATASARH— HRN BE? ATZTLARHE SHE REALE NLP EME? PRRIRERREAIK: “MEO 5 RET, HBC AM 288 MRE To WRERE6 HY, ERI RDR RBH 136 Thi, HARM 20 MINER. HRBSHAGH, AAZYLAMRAN PERMA S Hid,” Come on, RAR RABAT ATR. TESANARAR, SWRMCREA No RELAARHZESRLRSY, PHNDLHRES PSHE ARE Ald 136 Sia, WRABSZLDRRAAR. |) OK. Here we go. PERN WE S65) BF 1364 AIL AUER mA: & | © HFSW MHS, USSHRLUREM— HS. | © 5Kh7 RERNSEYA RADI AA LATTA | aa HEE aL att aX 1 parenting n. RRR DRE 2 schooling n._ | ARBOR ICE 3 cultivate vt. | sae awareness = sense 3 Education : ee ualee 5 creative/ original adj. | AeA 6 physical adj. | Stkih 7 psychological adj. | UaHHY 8 Peer n. FA 9 motivation n._| aA COBRA motivated, AahHHN)nha SN s - [TopSage.com ee Y (BR) aa bide wi att ax 10 adapt to GBM 4 discipline n._| Bie 12 memorise (sixtHF5) vt. | itz Education a 13 acquire vt. | dR (eit knowledge’ skills) FB HERR E SCS ATLL 14 stimulating ae ac cierseina 8 aa ag, | EH OER", KIO 16 objective adj. | ®xhivs 7 biased adj. | RAM 18 celebrity n. BA 19 journalists n. wet 20 the press Ft Media 21 coverage n. 4 (Hi cover) 22 misleading ad. | ASHEN 23 dependable adj. | Hath 24 up-to-the-minute adj. | arm RAT HY 6 sway a Bienes sway Jer ie 5e 26 informative adj. | fa Rat 27 entertaining adj. | SURREY 28 transform vi. | BEE, VER change 29 breakthrough nm. | i 30 advance v. &n. | BAR 31 a staggering rate BRAM AEBE 32 information overload fe RHE Technology 33 enhance = boost vt. | Hei, SS 34 innovations n. | OR, BBA 36 telecommunications fn. EN mE AY (EH ial productivity s bromcve 20 | HP RCC AIL LAR A 37 priority n. BES 38 stability n. BE Government | 39 establish vt | uy go | Solve =combat =tackle eee = resolve = address cionha “Tes with words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they b TopSage.com ——Robert Southey i eae (Bee) aa HEE wil ate ax 4 alleviate = ease vt. | WEE, Efe 42. | invest in =allocate money to Hh BE 43 the authorities 4a 44 | ban =forbid = prohibit ve | ME f Gaennee 45 scrutinise/monitor vi. | Mite 46 administer = regulate vt | Oa 47 tax revenue Bue 48 democratic adj. | REMY 49 demand Mt &n. | FR 50 efficient adj, | raRORN | eee eee 52 conflicts n | mpg 53 explore Mt. | RR 54 promote vt. | Pee (SE XGAYE restrict, BAUESRPLA ) a eS tourist attraction HE ol eee cae S7 mutual understanding WET 58 enrich one’s experience PRANAB 59 | the proliferation of So aow Eee ae 60 | plays a dominant role in... Heo SEN HA Languages 6; go extinct KH 62 | lesser-known languages AEF 63 | the widespread use of... sees fT ESD 64 ancestors n. Gea descendants 65 | (WERARRET SRS n | aR akhe, RRR) cutie) 66 cultural assimilation SeAL Ae, 67 indiscriminate ad. | Bats 68 time-honoured n | BRAN 69 cultural heritage staans . Dey 3 SEOALBBK SES ig 1 nin [TopSage.com ( Bae) aa HF wil iat ax 70 cultural diversity SULA REE Culture 71 cultural identity SCA HE 72 ethnic minorities DRE 72 | athe tampo ot tte setae n 2a) lifer acl So rarer} were 75 eliminate vt | HR 76 inferior adj. | Baten Pecebcnad 7 facilities ne | Beit e 78 alienated adj. | (ASAZIAl) BiaaH 79 materialistic adj. | (A) Wien, sch the present situation 80 =the current situation BR =the status quo 81 exterior n. | ESAS 82 function n._| sf 83 sweeping trends JA — AT a4 | Synthesize the Asian and ABBE R BH HE (culture 278 the Western cultures BL AT LSE BO) Gletaicaren = erode vi. | febk (Ab 3cHk) 86 universal adj. | Sais 87 isolated adj. | Marty 88 import vt &n. | gH 89 export vt &n.| wa 90 domestic violence RBA 91 gender equality HERES 92 discrimination n.__| BeBL Ca iE SrA BR against) Women [93 | _an enlightened society TIER 94 household chores RBH 95 be tied down by he THER 96 offspring n. Jatt 97 Personality clashes ten Bde Family 98 household n | Rie AHS 99 affluent adj. | amy 100 impoverished adj. | IFA“1e swith words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they bY Top Sage.com nha Robert Southey (BR) aa HF WiC att ax 101 community nm | HER 102 family values REE Family 103 generation gap A 104 family bonds Ft g 105 harmony n. Raitt 106 nm. | ASE 107 commit a crime ARSE ( SHALE) 108 stringent adj. | Mat 109 punishment/penalty n | em "70 | sano neldnce of erme are Crime 411 rampant adj. | 780K) 112 violate the law BME 113 restrict vt. | Paid (rn) 114 impulsive adj. | whahny 115 consequence n | BR 116 circumstance nr | BeBe, ARE 117 | reform/rehabilitate criminals GE ARAL TRAP (SE A BE WR, be At natural 118 preserve vt. | resources at # old buildings), i PARP RAAT AFA protect 119 inhumane adj. | FRR 120 biodiversity n. EDS RYE Animals 121 companions n. tte 422 replacements n READ (He RUA th ih Se me FA a PE salternatives PRD AA WE) 123 habitat n._| FAG 124 endangered species wD 125 hide n_ | BBE (BBA fur) 126 | sustainable development PLR 127 | exploit natural resources FER ARI stem Emironmert | son | (HARICLENE coo ORS HRABMESAX) 129 disposable adj. | —kt##5( bcd0 disposable chopsticks )nin [TopSage.com ( Be) ea ae wail att aX 130 conserve Vt | 4525, ARMIOT LRA save MURA RR ASE, MATAR RS deteriorate v__| E ssteriorate aggravate WR AED FENO RRB, Bh Hi aggravate sth. aka FTReaest Environment | 132 discharge vt. | Hei (15a) TR GX MARA, MS fe 133 contamination | eerie) 134 consume = deplete vt. | THRE (BE) 135 eco-friendly adj. | Hae FareRny 136 scarcity ne | ibe 136 MESMARMIGE TB, URAL GRAOMBASG SAE AA, BRIBE NAR, —LERMKAVERAWRELA MET. REKLAERKSRBLAW, 2H RALR-UN, URES SRHMOCLMERG LRM L SEHR 6 ~8 TED. URES FN BRAKE 6.5 RS7 , HAARLMRA-K“LREHE, SLIVER BBW 208 NENT. REKELA, DKLTMSSOHSE, PRNMLORBES IZ, REGED AA 8 CR ARCH RICIZR To REB MER: RAE BUTE EI ROL, ARAMAIC. IELTS’ (£2887 8 9 O FALALARARETRMNER, ARAN TRH Day 2HMEERHNEM AR | © ATK th TH AEH ACH, bod transform (ER, RMapid) WIZ | technology K#, (AZ WA WIC development *HiFML, | OtBALHAA, LHRH. O (or) RAESLHRIVERESMOO, “/" FSR MANE—NIBTY | | Ai. M7 WENA SE PMANARREH TESHEK, MRANAMA, RMRSAR—| | SANG. BES? REERAHAPEELY ARAB METRE “2 Te, 40nha “Teis with words as with sunBeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they ¥TopSage.com Robert Southey OPRHREM, RRAAB. @ BETRRESA OW Education 3H REFER EEE RE PRA (HR) PRN (aR) FRA REAR seebiapn BD feHR50IR BRR S HER BREW RR BRK aN AEA FEN ZAMIR RE SURES, WHR CRAB ACKWEL, A FLRAILIZ, cultivate (v. ) foster (v. ) nurture (Vv. ) promote the student's physical, mental ( or intellectual ) and emotional development psychological soundness (or well-being/ welfare) aptitude (n. ) talent (n.) skill (rn. J schooling (n. ) upbringing (n.) / parenting (n.) give the students motivation to do sth. motivate the students to do sth. adolescents (1. ) youngsters (n. ) youths (7. ) impart (or inculcate) knowledge instill high moral values (CERRS value BRK, RIIMEM) give the students inspiration teaching (or pedagogical) methodology adapt to sth. adjust oneself to sth. become accustomed to sth adaptability (n. ) students’ grasp (or command) of what has been taught 4| Duy 3 Sb Lt RMA AE BRA AREE FERRER ERS MIR NB. RICE AT ivizmiriz FER WiZABR, AR, HL EK A BA PRB OUI 70 ON AR FRA ORE FERDBEHED BERANE RELDFBR KN SHRA ioe ABB BEA CRM ESS RbAt REN RLS FEAR nin [TopSage.com a employable (or marketable) skills force-feed the students Students should not be treated as passive receptacles of Ppredigested ideas. learn things by rote memorise for memorisation’s own sake (memorise ZHAHS ) a sense of obligation/duty/responsibility memorise equations, formulas, theorems and laws apply (v. ) follow sth. blindly follow sth. indiscriminately extinguish (or stifle/constrain) creativity dampen (or sap) the students’ enthusiasm frustrate the students beget (or create) undue pressure mould one’s character (mould RAH ) segregate students peer pressure adverse circumstances/ adversity (n. ) team spirit think independently learn things through understanding encourage the students to think critically students’ feedback students’ input“Ie is with words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they HTopSage.com ——Robert Southey PEPE OE SIDR AA-TTRAAS RINE mh PRALESHBH. ABTLE (Zia) BRLEHBE HIRMMIR wt en SHAR AHSERAR ERR ARH HENS ER ABR BAL Lé SB (BFR) RAS SAAS WW (pL A) Bee RLEA rhe students appraise/evaluate their teachers’ performance curriculum (1. ) syllabus (1. ) extra-curricular activities A school is society in miniature. indisciptine (n. ) misbehavior (n. ) mischief (n. ) disruptive students unruly students theoretical knowledge generalist (1. ) specialist (n. ) well-rounded ( aqj. ) versatile ( aaj. ) contribute to societal well-being (or welfare) humanities (n. ) social sciences arts (1. ) liberal studies/ arts (n.) sciences (1. ) engineering (7. ) discipline (n. ) basic sciences applied sciences primary-level (or secondary-level/ tertiary-level) education vocational education (or training)Varo [TopSage.com la F GROVAVCBBK 2 a Technology r Rie AAR cutting-edge technology BRK information explosion (or overload) BHR the information age (or era) ERROCEOR the proliferation of the Internet/the extensive use of the Internet/the widespread use of the Internet AHORA technological innovations (or inventions/ advances/ progressions ) REE augment (or enhance/ boost) efficiency RRL PRR augment (or enhance/ boost) productivity BOAT HN labor-saving machinery RRAD MHS labor-replacing machinery automation (n. asi ee automated (adj. ) EMBR biotechnology (n. ) clone ( v. am ete cloning (n. ) EN telecommunications (1. ) KERR space exploration / space probe Re eRT ‘one's genetic makeup one’s DNA programming ™ Media r ay current affairs aba the press Bl SSE the print media BFA the electronic media RG news outlets prevalent ( adj. ) FRA ubiquitous (aaj. ) pervasive ( adj. ) 44Vara “Teis with words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they Top Sage.com Robert Southey BBR BSHRAS ERAS BRS TEM TERN HBA RENE RHAD KARI TE SAR SESH BE ALBA RRRAHBE FFB BAK aM be awash with be inundated with be saturated with sth. censor ( v. ) delete (v. ) eliminate (v. ) excise (Vv. ) excessive (or gratuitous) violent and pornographic contents misleading ( adj. ) misrepresented ( adj. ) distorted ( adj. ) fraudulent (adj. ) false (adj. ) bogus ( adj. ) report sth. in graphic detail media hype exaggerate things sensationalise things blow things out of all proportions objective and balanced expose (v. ) reveal (v. ) violate (or intrude on/ infringe on) someone's privacy tarnish (or sully/ smear/ besmirch) one’s reputation paparazzi (n. ) (paparazzi 2&4 ia) celebrities (pl. ) a celebrity scandals (n. ) cover up gloss over whitewash ( v. ) 45 z-. Day § BEPATBBK ee TS RERE OSTEO wees Ra faBAN REE Berm iHee SEE Government 35 2K Varo [TopSage.com TTS Wiig Yo SS biased ( adj. ) skewed ( adj. ) unobjective ( adj. ) factual accounts reliable ( adj. ) trustworthy (adj. ) dependable ( adj. ) up-to-date up-to-the-minute informative ( adj. ) entertaining ( adj. ) newsworthy ( adj. ) code of ethics code of conduct authorities (n. ) citizens (7. ) the citizenry regulate (v. ) monitor ( v. ) oversee (v.) implement ( v. ) legislate ( v. ) make laws strictly prohibit ban altogether stringent laws (or legislation) sorutiny (n.) scrutinize ( v. ) monitor ( v. )“It is with words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they TopSage.com wa RK BAX Bat sen 4S28 Ho BES SZA BE EGER eB BLRze RETO TK ERB EGE METRE AR MRE KERR Re ——Robert Southey allocate money to sth. be a patron of invest in fund (v. ) dedicate money to sth. budget (n.) tax revenue the government spending/expenditure on sth. curtail (v. ) augment ( v. ) priority (n.) give priority to sth. duty (n.) responsibility (n. ) obligation (n. ) arms race (1. ) self-defence (RBRASA, Bid) national security homeland security short-sighted policy expansion (n. ) aggression (n. ) seek (or pursue) hegemony a vicious circle destabilising factors ules and regulations space race arms (n. ) weapons (1. ) armaments (1. ) laid-off workers downsized workers 47Day § FKL BHK Varo [TopSage.com Sg oo kW BWR BRRGRE ot] R26 RE BWRRAER BHR RG RESH AO BT = Language BUYERS RSA ZLB RSH SSH B ol NBRRSAE INERORE e Culture unemployment (1. ) joblessness (nr. ) infrastructure (n. ) public transport system (iX#3€st' 53k) power grid democratic democracy pipelines water supply and drainage system a democratic and progressive government a lingua franca a universal language a global language the proliferation of English the dominant role (or the ascendancy/ the hegemony ) of English dialect (n. ) vernacular (n. ) the indigenous language Lesser-known languages will become extinct (or obsolete) the extinction (or demise) of lesser-known languages r REP BEAU ONAR HMM, AM MM Rik; ABH MM. Wat. eR 6. MES. Cultural heritage which can be divided into two groups: tangible cultural heritage, such as historic sites and intangible cultural heritage, such as customs, rites, rituals and mores, etc.RP Be BR DRI RRAS SMBS aR RUS THE +5 ROM RAR BAAS . Development LS PRM RF SRA SAZAM FWA RRAREA RBS preserve (v.) / protect ( v. ) forefathers (n. ) ancestors (n. ) descendants (1. ) posterity (n. ) ethnic minorities the harmony between ethnic groups (or races) cultural integration and synthesis interaction (n. ) cultural diversity / cultural heterogeneity ( $ — 383A dE BED, APSR enrich ( v. ) insular (or provincial/ parochial) mentality deprecate (v. ) denigrate (v. ) minimize the importance of disparage (v. ) trivialize (v. ) discredit ( v. ) sth. is not set/carved in stone The tempo/ pace of life has accelerated. fatigue (n.) create alienation between people materialistic ( adj. ) mercenary ( adj. ) money-worshipping ( adj. ) pursue maximum profit traffic jams traffic congestion gridlock (n. ) 49pats RA RUNES RAH Bei He BA REBRS BERRI JHB TRS. BAER IMENE RF BRRALEXHEBF Re ibs Be RIB (BF) nha [TopSage.com LT impede (v. ) hinder (v. ) hamper ( v. } obstruct (v. ) inhibit ( v. ) poverty alleviation job opportunity employment opportunity needy ( adj. ) poverty-stricken, impoverished ( adj. ) deprived ( aqj. ) destitute ( adj. ) indigent (adj. ) affluent ( adj. ) wealthy (adj. ) well-off car wrecks car accidents pedestrians (n. ) traffic accident perpetrators jaywalk (v. ) surveillance camera old buildings of special aesthetic value buildings of historic significance vernacular dwellings enhance the cityscape decrepit (adj. ) rundown (adj. ) rickety (adj. ) dilapidated ( adj. )rhe “Tes with words as with sunfeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they [TopSage.com ——Robert Southey SNR (27S Wing fot LTS Wing Tos & tear down/ knock down/ oe demolish/ raze (a building) = high-rise buildings BRAKE skyscrapers (n. ) SBE urbanization (1. ) RS BE the disparity between the city and the countryside SA urban (adj. ) SHH rural ( aqj. ) RE relocate (v. ) ERLE telecommute ( v. ) leisure KR n.) recreation (n. ) ABLASS amusement and enjoyment entertainment (7. SIR eae diversion (n. ) ERASE laissez-faire management Operating costs Bem cae overhead costs AEA recruit (v. ) SSA MIEN counterproductive ( adj. ) . labour pool ESS (labour @383t 5 3) RE depression (n. ) sleeplessness (n. ) AR sleep-deprivation insomnia (n. ) latic losic Antet Population explosion population boom family planning o dA birth control retentious ( adj. Ema e ies ostentatious ( adj. ) 51So Yaa [TopSage.com ~ Day 3 SK ATRBK ae t.-- ee a ae ee Tae CRE a alpen ane Roem Hs aAR sedentary lifestyle Bre overnourishment (1. ) Ld eee Globalisation t (—* Rae AS) SCHL (national or regional) cultural identity a rare EL ere culired eormereeton SUCHEN OSH) g LEI cultural homogeneity cultural uniformity PRLE-HERDG. Globalisation is a two-edged sword. SORRAL the global village SLL cultural assimilation ERE Oe erode the Asian culture Women r ARES gender equality ‘alien gender discrimination sexism (1. ) TAR MLE a progressive/ enlightened society BRS BR be tied down by household chores ERRF child bearing GRBF child rearing BEM ABE maternal instinct housework (n. ) a household chores ™ Families = eet elderly people senior citizens 52“Ie is with words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they [Top: Sage.com —Robert Southey REMAN RA JS HY BARE SRRE W Tourism FRR BETAS 4HbARR. MEE ALT Rl Ra SHEER MH (MOTH, fe Re) mR Sis HSA SOARS te nha family bonds family ties a sense of belonging an attachment to sth. an affinity for sth. single-parent households mistreat (v. } abuse (v. ) domestic violence addiction to drugs be addicted to drugs tourist attractions tourist spots places of interest push back (or expand) one’s vision (or horizons) (horizons AU $3) Tourists can interact with the locals. promote cultural communication draw (or attract/ appeal to/ be a magnet for sb. ) first-hand experience multi-sensory (adj. ) conflict ( 5 with #8268 A) discord (n. ) dissension (n. ) seclude (or isolate) the tourist from the locals commercialise ( v. ) commodify ( v. )ley S SAAT BWA ARAM (MET BRS ERR) Sia ERMA iLL . Environment EAE THRE RREXS WARLEH PARA RP BAR SHRRARF RAR RG BARKF WIR aR ULAR BRZRARD BERG RAR TAR FRR BR ria [TopSage.com second-hand experience/vicarious experience cultural heritage the Internet will not render tourism obsolete ecological balance ecological equilibrium sustainable development environmentalists (n. ) conservationists (1. ) environmentally-friendly ( aaj. ) conserve ( v. ) preserve (v. ) reuse (v. ) recycle (v. ) countries on this planet must join forces/ make a concerted effort unite/ to combat (or tackle/ resolve/ address) environmental problems raise (or elevate) the public awareness of sth. shortage (rn. ) scarcity (n.) dearth (rn. ) lack (n.) put a strain on the resources stretch resources to the limit ( E2401) wreak havoc on natural resources deforestation (n. ) pollute (v. ) contaminate ( v. )rhe “Tes with words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they {Top Sage.com Robert Southey LEN 1511S Writing Test IELTS Waling Test poisonous ( adj. ) oa toxic ( aqj. ) BRE BPE boost crop yield TRLAR renewable resources non-renewable resources ( #45: /% metals, # * RUBLRR minerals, ii petroleum, AR natural gas. #E coal So =A AARARA fossil fuels) BR RR) coeur Le) deplete ( v. ) AR (RHR) sre exhaust ( v. ) Rvs harsh actions/measures (n. ) ABRH ecosystem (n. ) ecological system the wildlife in a region es BIR LEE EL the biota ( =flora +faund) of a region SMALE biodiversity (n. ) sk effluent (1. ) sewage (1. ) FEM discharge (n. ) greenhouse effect global warming severe (adj. ) Fes grave ( adj.) grievous ( adj. ) non-biodegradable garbage BEsRre HR wastes that cannot decompose or break down inorganic trash MRMFLAS condemn rather than condone sth. RR ozone layer FEKHLM fertile soil RROLR infertile soil 55SEL AIL RLS wae Ree EAN zB ae BAZ DLE aK ae RAB ria [TopSage.com et TRATES, arable land farmland (n. ) break (or violate/ flout/ disobey) the law commit a crime offences (n. ) (RARAHS) crimes (7. ) criminal acts criminal (n.) offender (n. ) culprit (n. ) perpetrator (n. ) accomplice (n. ) accessory (1. ) (SSE HL EGRBBSS HA) resent society hold a grudge against society inmate (1. ) convicts (n. ) victim (7. ) trauma (7. ) cell (n.) imprison (or incarcerate) someone be brought to justice lenient ( adj. ) reform criminals rehabilitate criminals law enforcement agenciesrhe “It is with words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they tf aber aS [TopSage.com a a heinous crime Eg flagitious crime felony (n. ) petty crime BE misdemeanour (RBRAHS) MAHA first-time offender oe perce eet core repeat criminals BRIE revert to crime SAMAR law-abiding citizens moe abide by es law comply with the law ER disregard (v. ) BRABROBANH traumatise someone track down Si hunt down capture (v. ) JOE criminal tendency © Animals r PORBRPELS animal right activists BARR medical research cruel ( adj. ) merciless (adj. ) inhuman ( adj. ) BR (338A inhumane “AGH” WKS) callous ( adj. ) brutal ( adj. ) aR vivisection (n. ) anaesthetic (1. ) EOE (RBRRHS) Rapes relieve/alleviate/ ease animals’ pain BMZE AMIE pets are their masters’ companions 57Se Day § SREATBBK pin IS ee nin [TopSage.com SEALERE afford their masters consolation and comfort poach ( v. ) poaching (rn. ) there are no replacements/ substitutes/ alternatives for sth. (4022.4 Kl replacements, substitutes fa alternatives RAW s) ‘ite R-ABVRLASRON DERE 288 SEAL. TASEWK, MRAHTNCRLRL, RESHHRDAHKEST NA+ RT. SR, REEBA. | KRESS, RLKUAHEABMAM GD, 2 REC TAMRACMA, MRAM, TAARAWNRIZESHERESK HAMEED. IELTS fe SCH ALR (A VIA) SRT CORR, LA-TEROMFREAHHMEL, RERKMT MEARE BANKS, THERANRS DAM “AE” PRM, te AR RBS human beings, “st” 2iz&B/H nowadays, WSLEAR, FHMDLRESA EAT, REEH. BESE7 AHDLHRRTEAD SRR THRE “211 1", AX the human race/humanity (7n.) /man (n.) /humankind (n.) /Homo sapiens At present/Currently/in contemporary society/in present- day society/in this day and age ( B= Aik) WER tackle (v.) /address (v.) /resolve (v.) /combat ( v. ) destroy (v.) /impair (v.) (JaT&R health aha A th an3t FULAE) /undermine ( v.) (Ja HIRI RZ ia) /jeopar- BOR dize (v.) (fa RH RZ ia, Mm one's future, one’s chance of success, social stability $) /devastate (v. ) (Ri — MEARE) impact (n.) /repercussions (n.) /ramifications (n.) / implications (n. ) ERK wm fee perils (n.) /hazards (n.) /dangers (n. ) 58nih [TopSage.com €. “It is with words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they Robert Southey manifest ( adj.) /apparent ( adj.) /evident ( adj.) / een obvious ( adj. ) AB (Raia) carry out/conduct (v.) /perform (v.) /go about BRN, BH beneficial ( adj.) /advantageous ( adj. ) RN, RA baneful ( adj.) /detrimental ( adj. ) advantages and disadvantages/strengths and weak- BE FOSS nesses/the upside and the downside/pros and cons (# ROL, {8/45 essays Pik AEFI) /boons and banes FDA prevalent ( adj.) /pervasive (adj. ) a host of/a multitude of/a vast number of ( GHz) & ABA #192 %) /a great deal of/a vast amount of (EM IR7A TRAIL) BE require/necessitate/call for Sgut enhance (v.) /boost (¢# improve) eae impoverished ( adj.) /needy ( adj.) /deprived ( adj. ) (R® poor) RP preserve (v.) (4% protect) BeH affluent ( adj.) /wealthy ( #¢#& rich) eR contamination (n.) (JExt3835«p #BY 4% pollution) take measures/take steps/take action/take actions ( 24. peel) REST) TELTSHESCP RE AREAL EEE AA) FRORE, BRKMAPHSEERRAMRE OLA ER, WAREREE: aaa @eRA benefit from Mal AUT MY EIB —AIE A BROLID, AB “Bho PHAR” AUREL, WRB R IEE “Rt Aa”, TUT GE benefit ik (Es Raha GO, Ja BRST A ROL, (ELC BRAIN from T ; BAA be beneficial to... ATLASNe ~ Dy I SKBATBM pa line ee NS nin [TopSage.com Wig (et A he ( B) Bia kha 3 lack BEASLEY ALY 7) dad GA TE A Hew AY IE ABE Lack J BY Bh Hl, FAT ARERR SF iad CE Fb al lacking A— SERRE, (ELA ENA RH AY HAR BLA BEA lacking MEBRT, FMEA iL). AAP lack TE a HY ARE E58 TES i), RO EAP TALL AUR Of , EAN BE BR SHAY SP ia] (GX HWE AB lacking 475k, AERA T ) affect ROMER Ha" ahd, Bae DE eee RMAC, AT HTAR ULE —HeREG 6. 5 SATA tase eH RT morden, 2R(AVZ ADEA environment #1 government research “BEE” RAMA ATR A, BINH knowledge FRAT il, ARES SE data ALE information LE equipment LE be concerned about / be concerned with SX iad EFF AR— FE; be concerned about # “pe” FYE, be concerned with We “SEF” AYRE rise / raise / arise REMI -CEANW, raise RRs, HMR MINE TRE, rise RAMA, HOLA BT; arise LEA Rah fl, GAR SLRSL, ARRMESCHLA emerge MRLEAR HE ERE, BO “MN”, PSMA, Awe tweigh eee BCE EAM MASUL EM overweight (TM) JAE RANA LEE eM, Sak While, fest. while BORE GY Ted 9 (71 BBE GEE A However, -- FIT. INTER: while Eile REREIESC HAC, APACE ARR AERA CRAB TIGR UTZ WL, aT aelwerd HECTIC mR, RIE, HRCI, HULSE YE NL A IO EEE SRE ATE 8, EMTALA AMT nowadays BIGRia, EwIFMA nowaday XMM ARIESnha “Teis with words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they {Top Sage.com Robert Southey (BR) Baia @eRRA Or”, He nar a 9 relative high pay: BPRABREN “Bo FAHY”, related, siH 3% HK I FA ALI related to #4 ALIA noun- related, (AJLIFTER related > (kA MUA t GE, KNAERSM NRE RAS MOBS. KE RUB EE “Bo ARI” ARR, HEWN EWR BE “HA the relative advantage of something 2&# the relative peace in this country, i@# (S)7) ff) the relative importance of natural talent #9 7. 3x8) AY Ail ia relatively (HAX}H) tA, Win (817) Si Bi], So this relatively short working life may be some justification for the very HET EWE BE SAU RR (1) : 9M CHI ) RESEPAIDS, RAMMSKRMR, AMFRACLPARWM, MASE MAGIA. —BWEFESRPERRA, SPLLASREARR. Sid ‘ate aX (87) PHS SERGI Job satisfaction is indeed wellbeing | n. EAE PP LIT RAS very important to the well- being of that person. Bees Et eel 0 ead) It is not unrealistic to pro- reality n BF mote more job satisfaction z tealistic & SLi] unrealistic ZEEE | F in any job. SCM A sense of fulfilment is SER, 5 (4H HEME potential, : fulfil stun | | 00M creams). EAE eo oo fulilment 269% A fo A : worth doing. 61Va 7%. [TopSage.com (BR) Si (AT) HEBEL reflect vt. Rak, RBI Some feelings about one’s job must reflect how an individual feels about his or her life as a whole. reward n. & vt. (Bo) BR, ENE ia rewarding CABHRIN) ARR There is a sense of progression and purpose that rewards a worker. ustify vt. Ube A / IESE EH It often seems that the amount of money they are able to earn in a short time possibly be justified by the amount of work they do. cannot circumstance | n. SSE, AR Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committ- ing it, should always be taken into account when de- ciding on the punishment. relatively adv. A, He CER SLIOE Bia GE, ii BP Be R, BEM2HB) The majority of entertainers hold their top positions for a relatively short period of time. nsecurity n. ARS CRBS (EP Al job / employment 44) Some jobs are repetitive, and labor relations may be poor and lead to insecurity rather than job satisfaction. HRALARIWBVRAZ—, SLHNASERAHMRL, HAECNBMS, AER, BRA HASTKHE)L, RAO TERROR | Paes we OO HRT.na “It is with words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they | Ton Sage.com Robert Southey Poagee € MSE (7S Wing Feat IELTS Waitin Quien oft uestion of the Day itan 1 R136 Sia Ch Education Rig LHEDF: PRAIRKAAFERRS INA, MANRBAFENHRER. 2 ARSC Media RLF MANRALASH HRET REARS 3 FA Development £ia LMF: MPRVRHESARLMRGRMR Th A But hia. 4 JR Tourism ia iC BEA F FAB, RBLIWSSAMHSSHAF AMHR. H-HH, CTMEEHSA SERA EHR, 5 Fi Government Ra sLHEAF: BHARERARE RAE RH RR, team ARB. 6 Fi Language ia ic HHA) F; RELLER NT MSARS BPRE 7 Culture Ri LHRAT; BRAT AAA CUTE ON DS BEA SALI BARE 0 8 FR Globalisation Ra LHRRAF ROCKEAP RRRKHCRS ORO, RORRBRAHARFS WER HAR RAB CHRLANBSER. Sraa 1 Anima KGLSRP HIF PHL: Animal experiments should be stopped because they are cruel to animals — our best friends on earth. 2 i Technology iil SRE HF PHIL: New technology and inventions are changing our lives very fast. 3 JR Technology XiasC HRP BAF PAL: 63S\ : Vara i [TopSage.com ~ Day § FRAT BE as ETS iting To LL In a truly good society, family violence should be seen as harm to women’s rights eas 4. Some teachers think giving students (innovation/motivation) to learn is even more important than giving them knowledge 2 Most governments in the world depend heavily on their tax revenue/ obligation) to function properly. 3. Globalisation is seriously threatening the cultural (heritage/ coverage) of many third-world countries. 4 Our world is being profoundly (alleviated/ transformed) by technological inventions. 5 Whether this project will be funded by the government should be decided by the __ _____ (authorities/ ancestors) . 6 The ____(proliferation/ conflict) of pollution throughout the world is indeed a very worrying issue 7 These communities have invested large amounts of money in improving the local ___ ___(species/ facilities) . Ck YES FRSMIF ESA, RH 4 The environmental problems are being seriously deteriorated; therefore we should take immediate steps to deal with them. 2 Some teenagers crime after they watch violent Hollywood movies. 3 Students should be encouraged to contribute to develop their communities. Te) ia ERA influence = need = improve = dangers = solve = good bad = clear =Vara “It is with words as with sunbeams—the more they are condensed, the deeper they [lop Sage.com ——Robert Southey ikea 1 Schools should not only afford students the pleasure of learning but also cultivate students’ sense of responsibility. 2 The press coverage of some events may be misleading. 3 The fast-paced urban lifestyle has made individuals more materialistic and increasingly alienated from each other. 4 On the one hand, tourism can enrich people's experience and broaden their horizons. On the other hand, it may create some conflicts between tourists and local residents. 5 The government has an obligation to use the tax revenue to meet citizens’ needs, such as tackling environmental problems. 6 The worldwide proliferation of English is leading to the extinction of many lesser- known languages. 7 The time-honoured cultural heritage created by our ancestors should be preserved 8 The American culture is seriously eroding the culture in many other countries, which requires other nations to learn how to synthesise this foreign culture with their own. Swan 4 Animal experimentation should be banned because it is inhumane to the animals — our best companions on earth. 2 Technological innovations are transforming our lives at a staggering rate. 3 Ina truly enlightened society, domestic violence should be regarded as violation of gender equality eM 4. i motivation aH= Yaa lay 8 SKORIK TopSagesom i revenue WA heritage LiF i transformed aca i# authorities 4 3 proliferation + # it facilities ii6 No UW Fw HAA 1 HRABBWL deteriorate RTRMAiIa, WiKAA aggravated 7 HARA 2 crime 2%id, MiaMAKA commit a crime, 3 contribute to 4a to 27a, PLUG He) develop si%PK A Zid the development of, To) Lid RRA influence =impact (or repercussions/ implications) need =call for (or necessitate/ require) improve = enhance dangers =risks (or hazards) solve =combat (or tackle/ address) good =positive (or beneficial/ advantageous) bad =harmful (or baneful/ detrimental ) clear =obvious (or apparent/ manifest)Va 7%. [TopSage.com Mission Statement SHC DER D 3 DF —7FP MEK DEIR PIFTR AD lig A FOES ANIELTS(ECiE A Grammatical Suspense Movie The most fundamental rules tend to be very simple and can be expressed in a language that is comprehensible to all of us. — Patrhe “Where a harsh law rules, people year for lawlessness.” [TopSage.com Stanislaw Jerszy Lec BRPLAR: “2, RABARE, SERB T 80 + (5150), SRBBA el sau” HAMRBGA? RHGARARBS(AKGHSA, ENKA—MRGBLA HE R, URRAAST, RAHARA, HARB. REAM BERKIRAUNSS, PRBARHHS 4~O6 S97 SHHSS (examiner) #24899 DSEX, MRT SDM ABAS “IRAE” IE? HEN 7 FERKLP HARE: “Of course not everyone enjoys their work. Hard economic realities mean that many people have little choice in the kind of job they can get. In some cases, an employee is working in a job that suits neither their skills nor their personality, WHa-K. On the other hand, there are various aspects against these arguments. Moreover, it is people’s choice to make a decision to buy goods. Advertising may be not a cause of customers’ buying habits. Individuals have their own spending habits. If they have got enough disposable income, then the right to make a decision is given to them. No one actually can judge whether the goods sold are the real needs of the society or not Boa B 8) 6-H 162 R—M 7.5 HEX. REPEKHAA? SRAER, WEE ETD, REA V3 OHM hseSER. MEH 2/3, A—MBINE and/or/but ARHIHS! 4), REREMFHRADHR-LAA, MHASRHLATSHREMHZRORTAT UORRTLELSAD, MAR AMEXMCRALBERNBARLA SEIS HAL SHOF. 7 PREBA OBR 4 HRA. 8, H-P-PRARGS, SR-K, RNEMRBE SEBS! TE Ba BLES Fh a) Fe oY RXSIFHARMAPADRKREBAT H. EW. WS. RB (RAH RH #8). EBL KE, EAM. RP, EAA MBRELRA, RXBWKAP HASER TRH S PRB. 69 €nin [TopSage.com FRA, REHAELEAUHARHDA ERR, SURSHAR, RIT EBRE ZLB ARD (to +v.). what Aa], that 4), how M4) FHP sees S HOPELPHAF. "Som r EULOFERGHAREH, TAHSW, Kid, Heid (v. ting), HARet APRELE: WARUAEEE IE. WARTHHF, SUIBEBHATEM OAR, We should not underestimate ({fé) the severity (=) of this matter. ‘Smoking is just a personal choice rather than a moral issue ( j# #84 ial) . It is hard to reach a consensus ( &J—3k) on this affair (Ht). It is obvious ( 884244) that wearing uniforms makes school life monotonous ( #784). ROBART BSH, i tha MMATAIFELBS, TBAT LEM, FHOIFAMHS ESN AMEE: “It is quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break from studying after graduating from high school." LORGLRATEBSE, BET AM, AAHBA G7 EXP aA). “It is true that sometimes the amount of money they are able to earn in a short time cannot be justified by the amount of work they do. ” mn ® rt WBS Beate KA HORTON, SIR Ea THR AM. In this day and age, an increasing number of people agree that gambling (Sé#) is an unwholesome ( 748% 8) hobby. FIER HE Bahia Ak. There are certainly dangers in taking time off at that important age. 70