TEST EQUIPMENT USED

SL. REFERENCE IMAGES OF

TEST MAKE & MODEL
NO EQUIPMENTS USED

Measuring
1 BOSCH GLM 40
distance

2 Continuity MOTWANE DCET-3

Test meter

3 Earth
METRAVI ERT 1602
resistance

lightning current (i)

current flowing at the point of strike

frequency of damage by direct lightning flashes

average number of direct lighting flashes to the structure

thunderstorm days (Td)

number of thunderstorm days per year obtained from isoceraunic maps

upward flash

lightning flash initiated by an upward leader from an earthed structure to cloud. An upward

flash consists of a first long stroke with or without multiple superimposed short strokes, which

can be followed by subsequent short strokes possible including further long strokes

long stroke

stroke with duration time Tlong (time from the 10 % value on the front to the 10 % value on the

tail) of the current typically more than 2 ms and less than 1 s (cf. IEC 61024-1)

metal installations

extended metal items in the structure to be protected which may form a path for the lightning

current, such as the nacelle bed plate, the tower, ladders, elevator rails and wires and

interconnected reinforcing steel

multiple strokes

lightning flash consisting in average of 3-4 strokes, with typical time interval between them of

about 50 ms

point of strike

point where a lightning stroke contacts the earth, a structure or a lightning protection system

protection level

number denoting the classification of an LPS according to its efficiency

risk of damage

probable annual loss (human and goods) in a structure due to lightning

safety distance

minimum distance between two conductive parts within the structure to be protected between

which no dangerous sparking can occur

short stroke

stroke with time to half value T2 of the impulse current typically less than 2 ms (cf. IEC 61024-1)
Lightning Protection System (LPS)

Complete system used to reduce physical damage to a structure due to lightning

flashes.

Note: It consists of external and internal lightning protection systems.

External Lightning Protection System

Part of the LPS consisting of an air-termination system, a down-conductor system

and an earth-termination.

Internal Lightning Protection System

Part of the LPS consisting of the lightning equipotential bonding and/or electrical
insulation of external LPS.

Lightning Protection Level

Number related to a set of lightning current parameter values relevant to the

probability that the associated maximum and minimum design values will not be
exceeded in naturally occurring lightning.

Note: Lightning protection level is used to design measures according to the relevant
set of lightning current parameters.

Air-Termination System

Part of an external LPS using metallic elements such as rods, mesh conductors or
catenary wires intended to intercept lightning flashes.

Down Conductors

Part of an external LPS intended to conduct lightning current from the air-
termination system to the earth-termination system.

Earth-termination System

Part of an external LPS which is intended to conduct and disperse lightning current
into the earth.

Surge Protective Device

Device intended to limit transient over voltages and direct surge currents. It contains
at least one non linear component.