Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Introducing the subject One should bear in mind that.... (Il faut
garder a l'esprit que...) / Bearing in mind
It is often said that... that...
It is generally / commonly believed It mustn't be forgotten that...
that... Indeed... (en effet)
It cannot be denied that... Above all, … (par-dessus tout)
It is a well-known fact that... Actually, ... / As a matter of fact, … (en
... is a topical / controversial / burning fait)
issue. There is no denying that... (on ne peut
We may wonder if / whether... (on peut nier que...)
se demander si...) We must take into account... (on doit
We may wonder to what extent... (on prendre en compte...)
peut se demander dans quelle mesure...) It is worth mentioning that... (cela vaut
la peine de mentionner que...)
2. Structuring ideas d. Contradicting an idea.
Firstly.../ First ... / First of all, ... / To However, ... / (And) yet …
begin with, Nevertheless... / Still...
Secondly, ... / Then, ... / Next, ... On the one hand, ... on the other hand
Thirdly, ... (d'une part..., d'autre part...)
Lastly, ... Finally, ... / Eventually, .../ Last On the contrary, … / By contrast, …
but not least, ... (dernier point, et non Unlike ... / Contrary to...
des moindres) 5. Expressing your opinion
Personally, I think / I reckon that...
3. Giving examples As for me, I believe that.......
For example, ... For instance, ... As far as I'm concerned, I think that...
such as... My opinion is that...
Namely.... (à savoir...) In my opinion, .../ To my mind, /In my
Let us take the example of... view, …
In particular / particularly... I cannot help thinking that...
A case in point… I strongly disapprove of...
I don't share such views.
4. Making a transition I'm strongly opposed to...
a Adding an idea I fully agree with...
Moreover... /What is I don't agree with... / I totally disagree
more.../Furthermore... (more formal). with...
Besides, ... (d'ailleurs, ...)
On top of that... (familiar)/ In addition 6. Summing up and concluding
(to that) .... To sum things up, ... / To put it in a
Similarly... / Likewise... (de la même nutshell...
façon, de même) In a nutshell... / In brief, ... / In short, …/
As we have already seen, … All in all, ... / In a word, (en bref I en un
b Introducing a new aspect mot)
Now concerning / regarding... All things considered, (tout bien pesé)
As regards... / As for... (En ce qui For all these reasons, ...
concerne...) /As far as... is concerned To conclude ...
C Insisting on an idea As a / In conclusion, ...