Kinetic Theory 2% Gases « Tdeal Gas laws (taal gos > Hypottutical gas that fellows all laos) ]Boyle’s daw :- for a given mage of Ideal Gar, Pressure of gus & inversely proporfimal 10 the volume of gas, ot Conctant Tempreaturs. + Temp = constant => Tsothounal pro tess + Boyle’s law:| PV = conotant .. PV, = PVa], atconcl Temperature p slope =P. -P Pov pP —Tdeal Gas dv Vv %77, # AE low presse ¢ High temperature Real ‘a behaves as Tdral mh 4 (haxle?s law = for a given mase df Tdsal Gar, Volume of Crmiicrepwtews) Gas ty directly proportional tot Absolute demperatuta 84 gad, at Constant Presewu — Pressunt = Constant =>Isobanic prouss —» (nonte’s law: |W = constant , ©. Yr, = Ye/z, |._at const: Pressure Vv —Tdeal Gag v ~~ Real Gas Cet, 7 a tok,” re : Th temperature is tn eeletus + |Vy, = Vor t We%t— | op iyo = voce ergo Cal canst Pressure ) a4 23-{JAvogadw’s Hypotusis- At constant Temperature ¢ Pressure Equal volume of abl gases contain equal num bur bf molecules. * Total Gas Equation Pressure (alm) Unfexsal Gas (onetant—» 0-082 atm-{ /mel k Volume (t} no-o+ Temperature (*k) moles Latm = Olan & 1017105 Pa 1-01 x105W x 460mm Hg = 460 torr = Dp mt= 3 = lm? fi LL 10m? = [oF om = |ebm Yyngthy esha) eS molon mats» kg. PV=nRT , Pv= MAT mM fat Rr fe Tempreatt =k d= PM = PmxNe | Pres? Mme #4 witvaral fas constant RT RT tie) Wn ST. watt = 8314 T/molk Na Ve Boltaman’s Constant (K) = 38x10 T/K« «Total Gas And Real gar. tov mole of Ideal gas, PV=(1)RT,." PV =4 RT Pv ‘RT , Reak (ox at T, , T,>T, wo Real Gas at Th toeal Gas ad High temp 4 low SW ae behave oa aad gas. Pressure& Kinetic Theory H Gare. @ Important Postulales of K-T-G- i] Gax % made up 9} atoms ¢ molecules aj Molecules of same gases ae Folunifeal tn all sur picts. 3] Molecules are constantly in xanclom motion along « ght 4] AL colligTong ove dastic (23 Une The preceure of gat % due to collfefon of molecules wi Hy te wall 6f ty cmteinu The Kinetic entagy of Gas dipende only on Temperature tm actual volume of Gar molecules ts negifgible when componed to volume occupfed by gas- 9 thou B no int moleculan foru of attraction bshoesn the molecdes of gases q Gravity a neglected. 6} Moll axe tiny sigfol sphous of neglighle volume 1] At absolute x0, molecular smotfon stops © Kinetic Gau equation Presswire of Gas moss of 1 molecule of gar Numbux of molecules ‘ot mean squant velocity of. gad molecule volume of gas P= Lx mNUmaa - for Lele 0} Gare N= Ny 3 Vv so P= 1x Naim = Lx Mrs 4", PVel MU ree” 3 3 v 3 Vv ‘ ay MUr ke: 4 1 mole rege) SE ve for Imo PV= RT oe KE = 3 PV = BRT foriar egh shows that Ke: ia (imole) 2 only dependlont on Temp reatune w3nRT for 4 moteuule [KE = BKT |4 For ‘n* moles Ralading this Formula wtih K-e-=E kT, he $= 3, which shows Hak accordfra, to K1-6 postulates, OOF =3 [04 tay travel in ———" shar ght Lbu only] * Root mean square velocity Curms) Urms = Vi Pe Vet n ORM.-S velocity of gar molecules U R> untursal gas conat: —» 8-314 T] mol k | Urms 1s Tr emperatunt + *k M- Molar mate — kg 4 Kk boltzman’ onetant > 139 x10 T/K Urs m2 mase of 4 moltault — ko d+ density» kg/t [as d= PM/RT, da P-» Press wt —> Pa RT/M = P/O * Molecular veloc te J Root Mean squane velocity (Vrms ) Vine = [3a = [aur = [38 = [verutatvet mM m ol n 3 Average ve loctty (Vang ) j Urs Vave = [BRT = _[8kr = [SP 2 Ve Va. tVn 4 nM iam Ind n3] Most Probable Velocity (Vmps) Vieps = 9|28* ae 2P M m a & Maxwell’s Spec olishi bution daw Fraction Vs > Vawg 7 Vinge R>AOM V3 725 712 te n velocity & Mean Pree Path Am) eThL aviuage distana travelled by a molecule between two successive collisiong fs known a4 mean free path Am = A, tAger-An = 4 Se SSeS ESS ES SESSSEEEEEe 2 n vrand dlamuter 94 moleasle no- of moles per untt volume (number daneity)