R&S Power Control Aspects in LTE

Power Control aspects in LTE
Reiner Stuhlfauth
Reiner.Stuhlfauth@rohde-schwarz.com
Training Centre,
Rohde & Schwarz, Germany
Power control aspects in LTE
l Aspects to discuss
l eNodeB power in downlink
l UE power in uplink, if PUSCH is enabled
l UE power in uplink, if PUCCH is enabled
l UE power in uplink, if Sounding reference signals are enabled
August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 2
1
Downlink power
1 Resource Block •PDSCH
power,
Reference
•UE specific,
signal
•signaled by
power
higher layers
as ρA
r
be
bo 6 7
um
m 45
ln
Sy 123
frequency
0
•PDSCH power in same symbol as
reference,
•cell specific,
•signaled by higher layers as ρB
DL power allocation
l eNodeB determines the average transmit energy per Resource
Element EPRE EPRE = f ( referenceSignalPower ) RS
l Base is Cell-RS EPRE:

– from higher layers
– referenceSignalPower: linear average over the power contributions (in [W]) of all RE
that carry cell-specific RS within the operating system BW
– Const over DL operating BW and all subframes, until new received
referenceSignalPower received
EPREPDSCH = A/ B EPRERS
l PDSCH EPRE:
– A , B depending on the OFDM symbol index (Tables)
– B = PB A where PB cell-specific parameter signalized by higher layers
– A = power-offset + PA + 10log10 ( K )[ dB ] where
power - offset 0 [dB] for all transmission modes except multi-user MIMO
PA UE specific parameter provided by higher layers
K =1 besides transmit diversity with 4 antenna ports
2
Downlink power
1 Resource Block extract
Reference signal
power given by
system information •PDSCH power in OFDM symbols
SIB2 with no reference symbol,
Range: -60 .. •UE specific value,
+ 50dBm •signaled by higher layers as ρA
•Possible values for PA:
RS EPRE = Reference Signal -6 , -4.77, -3 , -1.77, 0 , 1 , 2, 3dB
Energy per Resource Element
r
be
bo 6 7
um
Reference signal power = linear
m 45
ln
average of all Ref. Symbols
Sy 123
over whole channel bandwidth
0
f
PB B / A
PDSCH power in same symbol
One Antenna Port Two and Four Antenna Ports
as reference, 0 1 5/4
cell specific, relative to ρA 1 4/5 1
signaled by higher layers as ρB 2 3/5 3/4
3 2/5 1/2
LTE Downlink power considerations

PSC
SSC
PTimeDomain = P subcarrier
subcarrier
PBCH
Reference
Signal Power
R0 R0
R0 R0
REF REF REF REF

R0 R0
R0 R0
View Slot 0 Slot 1
sub frame 0
3
EPRE ratio Energy per RE
7 OFDM symbol periods
12 subcarriers ( 180 kHz )

EPRE ratio R Resource block
OFDM symbol
Index R
Subcarrier Index
Downlink Power and RS EPRE

eNode B default power
for measurements, TS 36.508
RS EPRE = Reference Symbol Energy Per Resource Element
Sample calculation of downlink power level @ 10 MHz:
Bandwidth of 1 resource block (RB) = 180 kHz

Spectral power of 1 resource block = -85 dBm/15kHz + 10log10(12) = -74.2 dBm/180kHz
Spectral power of 10 MHz signal = -74.2 dBm/180kHz + 10log10(50) = -57.2 dBm/10MHz
UE measures RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) and compares it against the
cell broadcast value to evaluate the downlink path loss.
4
eNB: Reference Signal Power
Uplink power control

What's behind?
Power control
sufficient Ebit/N0 to
achieve required QoS
uplink interference,
maximize battery life
l Characteristic of radio channel with multipath propagation (path loss,

shadowing, fast fading) as well as the interference “provided” through other
users – both within the same cell and from neighboring cells – needs to be
considered to find the balance,
5
LTE power control
Pathloss =
System Information: referenceSignalPower - RSRP
referenceSignalPower
[-60 .. 50]dBm
UE measures RSRP:
Reference Signal
Receive Power
PDSCH, PUCCH or
SRS receive power UE
at eNodeB
PDSCH, PUCCH or
SRS transmit power
at UE
Types of transmit power control

TPC
(Transmit Power Control)
open loop Power Control closed loop Power Control
For random access procedure
In connected mode:
Power control to
compensate fading
6
LTE Open loop power control
System Info BCH PBCH or PDSCH
- referenceSignalPower
- preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower
- powerRampingStep
- prach-ConfigIndex UE
- PEMAX
P = Reference signal TX power – RSRP

+ power offset
(+ Power Ramp Step)
RAP – Power Ramping
PPRACH = min{Pmax , PTX + PLDL }

PTX = PInit + Counter * PStep
7
PRACH procedure
preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower {-120..-90dBm}
+ DELTA_PREAMBLE {-3, 0, 8dB} from preamble_index.
PDCCH
Power
confirmation
PRACH
Preamble(s)
Preamble
contains powerRampingStep: {0,2,4 or 6dB}
RA-RNTI Time
preambleTransMax in SIB2 indicates maximum

number of PRACH preambles
RA-RNTI = Random Acces Radio Network Transaction Identifier
PRACH Power
Max. power for that cell Max. UE power Pathloss estimation at UE
PCMAX=min{PEMAX; PUMAX}
PPRACH = min{ PCMAX , PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER + PL}
PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER = preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower + DELTA_PREAMBLE
Layer 3: prach-ConfigIndex
Power
[-3, 0, 8] dB
Layer 3: preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower
UE Open Loop: [-120 … -90] dBm
UE sends
PRACH
preamble at
certain power
level
Time
8
Some comments on UL power control in LTE
…or in other words what is different to 3G (UTRA FDD = WCDMA)?
l SC-FDMA is the UL transmission scheme, so transmission of
different UE’s in the same radio cell is (almost) orthogonal by
nature, means intra-cell interference is less critical than in WCDMA,
– In WCDMA data rate is increased by lowering the spreading factor increasing the
transmission power increase of intra-cell interference,
– In LTE data rate is increased by varying the allocated bandwidth and the
Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS), where the power can remain typically the same
for a given MCS, but…,
l WCDMA uses periodic power control (0.667ms) normally with a

step size of ±1 dB (“fast power control”), where LTE allows larger
power steps, but not necessarily periodically,
– LTE uses a combination of open-loop and close-loop for UL power control, as this
is more affordable and requires less feedback (signaling overhead) than WCDMA,
– Open-loop is used to set a coarse operating point, where close-loop will be used for
fine tuning to control interference and match channel conditions,
UL Power Control: Overview
UL-PC is a combination of:
l Open-loop:
UE estimates the DL-Path-loss
and compensates it for the UL
l Closed-loop:
in addition, the eNB controls
directly the UL-Power through
power-control commands
transmitted on the DL
9
What is power controlled in the uplink?
Physical channels and signals in the uplink
Path loss
Multipath propagation
UL interference
Physical Uplink Physical Uplink

Control Channel (PUCCH) Shared Channel (PUSCH)
(Demodulation Reference Signal, (Demodulation Reference Signal,
occupied time slot position depends over entire bandwidth in time slots #3 and #10)
Sounding Reference Signals (SRS)

[optional]
LTE power control timing aspects

FDD mode:
TPC command is obeyed in +4 subframes
FDD DownLink PDCCH
Subframe 0 Subframe 1 Subframe 3 Subframe 4 Subframe 5 Subframe 6 Subframe 7 Subframe 8 Subframe 9
TPC
FDD UpLink
Subframe 0 Subframe 1 Subframe 2 Subframe 3 Subframe 4 Subframe 5 Subframe 6 Subframe 7 Subframe 8 Subframe 9
PUSCH
4 subframe delay
TDD UL/DL subframe number i

Configuration
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
TDD mode: 0 - - 6 7 4 - - 6 7 4
TPC command received in subframe n-k 1 - - 6 4 - - - 6 4 -
is obeyed in subframe n 2 - - 4 - - - - 4 - -
3 - - 4 4 4 - - - - -
Example: 4 - - 4 4 - - - - - -
Configuration 1 5 - - 4 - - - - - - -
6 - - 7 7 5 - - 7 7 -
D S U U D D S U U D D S U U D D S U U D
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Frame n-1 Frame n
10
PUSCH power control
l Power level [dBm] of PUSCH is calculated every subframe i based on the following
formula out of TS 36.213
MPR
Maximum allowed UE power

in this particular cell, Combination of cell- and UE-specific PUSCH transport
but at maximum +23 dBm1) components configured by L3 format
Number of allocated Cell-specific Downlink Power control

resource blocks (RB) parameter path loss adjustment derived
Transmit power for PUSCH configured by L3 estimate from TPC command
in subframe i in dBm received in subframe (i-4)
Bandwidth factor Basic open-loop starting point Dynamic offset (closed loop)
1) +23 dBm is maximum allowed power in LTE according to TS 36.101, corresponding to power class 3bis in WCDMA
PUSCH power control

PCMAX
l PCMAX=min{PEMAX; PUMAX}
l PEMAX is the maximum allowed
power for this particular radio cell
configured by higher layers and
corresponds to P-MAX information
element (IE) provided in SIB Type 1,
! Description based on 3GPP baseline June ’09!

Calculation of PCMAX changes with September ’09 version!
l PUMAX is the maximum UE power, defined as +23 dBm ± 2dB corresponding

to power class 3bis in WCDMA,
– Based on higher order modulation schemes and used transmission bandwidth a
Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) is applied and the UE maximum transmission
power is further reduced (see TS 36.101, table 6.2.3-1),
– Network signaling (NS_0x) might be used in a cell to further reduce maximum UE
transmission power (= Additional MPR (A-MPR); see TS 36.101, Table 6.2.4-1)
11
Pcmax definition
l PCMAX_L– T(PCMAX_L) ≤ PCMAX ≤ PCMAX_H + T(PCMAX_H),
l PCMAX_L = min{PEMAX_L, PUMAX },

l PEMAX_L is the maximum allowed
power for this particular radio cell
configured by higher layers and
corresponds to P-MAX information
element (IE) provided in SIB Type1,
– PEMAX_L is reduced by 1.5 dB when the transmission BW is confined within FUL_low

and FUL_low+4 MHz or FUL_high – 4 MHz and FUL_high,
l PUMAX corresponds to maximum power (depending on power class, see next
slide) taking into account MPR and A-MPR,
Pcmax definition
PCMAx Tolerance
(dBm) T(PCMAX) (dB)
l PCMAX_L– T(PCMAX_L) ≤ PCMAX ≤ PCMAX_H + T(PCMAX_H) 21 ≤ PCMAX ≤ 23 2.0
20 ≤ PCMAX < 21 2.5
19 ≤ PCMAX < 20 3.5
l T(PCMAX) corresponds to power tolerance,
18 ≤ PCMAX < 19 4.0
13 ≤ PCMAX < 18 5.0
l PCMAX_H = min{PEMAX_H, PPowerClass}, 8 ≤ PCMAX < 13 6.0

-40 ≤ P <8 7.0
l PEMAX_H is the maximum allowed power for this CMAX
particular radio cell configured by higher layers

and corresponds to P-MAX information element (IE) provided in SIB Type 1,
l PPowerClass. There is just one power class specified for LTE, corresponding to
power class 3bis in WCDMA with +23 dBm ± 2dB, MPR and A-MPR are not
taken into account,
12
Pcmax definition „upper“ tolerance
„lower“ tolerance
„corrected“ UE power
PCMAX_L– T(PCMAX_L) ≤ PCMAX ≤ PCMAX_H + T(PCMAX_H)
PCMAX_L = min{PEMAX_L, PUMAX } PCMAX_H = min{PEMAX_H, PPowerClass}
Max. power permitted Max. power

in cell, permitted in cell
considering bandwidth
confinement Max. power for
UE
Max. power for UE,
considering maximum
power reduction
UE Maximum Power Reduction

UE transmits
at maximum power, maximum allowed
TX power reduction is given as
Modulation Channel bandwidth / Transmission bandwidth configuration MPR

[RB] (dB
)
1.4 3.0 5 10 15 20
MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz
QPSK >5 >4 >8 > 12 > 16 > 18 ≤1
16 QAM ≤5 ≤4 ≤8 ≤ 12 ≤ 16 ≤ 18 ≤1
16 QAM Full >5 >4 >8 > 12 > 16 > 18 ≤2
Higher order modulation schemes require

more dynamic -> UE will slightly repeal its
confinement for maximum power
13
PUSCH power control
Transmit output power ( PUMAX), cont’d.
A-MPR is required to meet requirements specified in the named sections out of 3GPP TS 36.101 V8.6.0
Network Requirements E-UTRA Band Channel Resources A-MPR (dB)

Signalling (sub-clause) bandwidth (MHz) Blocks
value
NS_01 NA NA NA NA NA
6.6.2.2.1 2, 4,10, 35, 36 3 >5 41
6.6.2.2.1 2, 4,10, 35,36 5 >6 41
NS_03 6.6.2.2.1 2, 4,10, 35,36 10 >6 41
6.6.2.2.1 2, 4,10,35,36 15 >8 41
6.6.2.2.1 2, 4,10,35, 36 20 >10 41
NS_04 6.6.2.2.2 TBD TBD TBD
NS_05 6.6.3.3.1 1 10,15,20 5 50 for QPSK 41
NS_06 6.6.2.2.3 12, 13, 14, 17 1.4, 3, 5, 10 n/a n/a
6.6.2.2.3
NS_07 13 10 Table 6.2.4-2 Table 6.2.4-2
6.6.3.3.2
..
NS_32 - - - - -
Section 6.6.2 covers ‘Out of band emission’, Section 6.6.3 covers ‘Spurious Emissions’,
where 6.6.2.2. defines ‘Spectrum Emission Mask (SEM)’ where 6.6.3.3. defines additional spurious emissions
and 6.6.2.2.3. the additional SEM requirements for 3GPP Band 13 and 6.6.3.3.2. the additional spurious emissions for 3GPP Band 13
PUSCH power control

Transmit output power ( PUMAX), cont’d.
3GPP Band 13
746 756 777 787
DL UL
Network Signalling Requirements Channel Resources A-MPR

E-UTRA Band
Value (sub-clause) bandwidth (MHz) Blocks (dB)
… … … … … …
6.6.2.2.3
NS_07 13 10 Table 6.2.4-2 Table 6.2.4-2
6.6.3.3.2
… … … … … …
Indicates the lowest RB
index of transmitted Region A Region B Region C
resource blocks
RBStart 0 – 12 13 – 18 19 – 42 43 – 49
LCRB [RBs] 6–8 1 – 5 to 9 – 50 ≥8 ≥18 ≤2
Defines the length of a
contiguous RB allocation A-MPR [dB] 8 12 12 6 3
l In case of EUTRA Band 13 depending on RB allocation as well as number of

contiguously allocated RB different A-MPR needs to be considered.
14
Maximum UE power - analogies
PCMAX_L– T(PCMAX_L) ≤ PCMAX ≤ PCMAX_H + T(PCMAX_H)
PCMAX_L = min{PEMAX_L, PUMAX } PCMAX_H = min{PEMAX_H, PPowerClass}
Maximum speed = 280 km/h

=PPowerClass
Under those conditions,

I shall drive more carefully!
Not going to the max seed!
=PEMAX_H =PEMAX_L =PUMAX -> speed reduction
PUSCH power control

MPUSCH
l Power calculation depends also on allocated resource blocks for
uplink data transmission,
Number of resource blocks MPUSCH varies from 1 to 100
M=1: 10*log(1) = 0
10*log10(MPUSCH(i)) M=10: 10*log(10) = 10
M=100: 10*log(100) = 20
15
PUSCH power control
P0_PUSCH(j)
l P0_PUSCH(j) is a combination of cell- and UE-specific components,
configured by higher layers1): Full path loss compensation is considered…
…no path loss compensation is used.
l P0_PUSCH(j) = P0_NOMINAL_PUSCH(j) + P0_UE_PUSCH(j), j = {0, 1},
– P0_NOMINAL_PUSCH(j) in the range of -126…+24 dBm is used to have different BLER
operating points to achieve lower probability of retransmissions,
– P0_UE_PUSCH(j) in the range of -8…7 dB is used by the eNB to compensate
systematic offsets in the UE’s transmission power settings arising from a wrongly
estimated path loss,
l j = 0 for semi-persistent scheduling (SPS), j = 1 for dynamic scheduling,
l j = 2 for transmissions corresponding to the retransmission of the random
access response,
– For j = 2: P0_UE_PUSCH(2) = 0 and P0_NOMINAL_PUSCH(2) = P0_PRE + ∆PREAMBLE_Msg3,
where P0_PRE and ∆PREAMBLE_Msg3 are provided by higher layers,
– P0_PRE is understood as Preamble Initial Received Target Power provided by higher layers
and is in the range of -120…-90 dBm,
– ∆PREAMBLE_Msg3 is in the range of -1…6, where the signaled integer value is multiplied by 2 and
is than the actual power value in dB,
1) see next slide(s) respectively TS 36.331 V8.6.0 Radio Resource Control specification
PUSCH power control

P0_PUSCH(j)
l UplinkPowerControl IE contains the required information about
P0_Nominal_PUSCH, P0_UE_PUSCH, ∆PREAMBLE_Msg3 are part of
RadioResourceConfigCommon,
l Via RadioResourceConfigCommon the terminal gets also access to RACH-

ConfigCommon to extract from there information like Preamble Initial
Received Target Power (P0_PRE),
l RadioResourceConfigCommon IE is part of System Information Block Type 2

(SIB Type 2)
PO_Nominal_PUSCH
PO_UE_PUSCH
SIB Type 2 Delta_preamble_msg3
RadioResource PreambleInitialReceivedTargetPower
ConfigCommon
16
PUSCH power control
α(j) and PL
l Path loss (PL) is estimated by measuring the power level (Reference Signal
Receive Power, RSRP) of the cell-specific downlink reference signals
(DLRS) and subtracting the measured value from the transmit power level of
the DLRS provided by higher layers,
– SIB Type 2 RadioResourceConfigCommon PDSCH-ConfigCommon,
l α(j) is used as path-loss compensation factor as a trade-off between total

uplink capacity and cell-edge data rate,
– Full path-loss compensation maximizes fairness for cell-edge UE’s,
– Partial path-loss compensation may increase total system capacity, as less
resources are spent ensuring the success of transmissions from cell-edge UEs and
less inter-cell interference is caused to neighboring cells,
– For α(j=0, 1) can be 0, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0, where 0.7 or 0.8 give a close-to-
maximum system capacity by providing an acceptable cell-edge performance,
– For α(j=2) = 1.0,
LTE path loss compensation

power power
eNodeB
Tx power
UE Tx power
ΔDL
Pathloss variation
UE
ΔUL UE Rx power
eNodeB
Rx power
Symmetric pathloss = same pathloss in UL and DL
17
PUSCH power control
∆TF(i)
l ∆TF(i) can be first seen as MCS- K status is signaled
dependent component in the power TF (i) = 10 log10 ((2 MPR K S 1) PUSCH
offset ) by higher layers
(SIB Type 2
control as it depends in the end on RadioResourceConfigCommon
UplinkPowerControl),
number of code blocks respectively
bits per code blocks, which translates
Is K No?
to a specific MCS, enabled?
∆TF(i)=0
l MCS the UE uses is under control of

the eNB Yes, than K=1.25
– Signaled by DCI format 0 on PDCCH, C 1
parameter can be understood as What is transmitted only UL-SCH data

MPR =
r=0
K r N RE
another way to control the power: when on PUSCH? PUSCH

=1
offset
the MCS is changed, the power will
control information
increase or decrease, without UL-SCH data
l For the case that control information MPR = OCQI N RE When “a-periodic CQI/PMI/RI
are send instead of user data (= PUSCH CQI reporting” is configured
= (see TS 36.213, section 7.2.1
“Aperiodic CQI reporting”), which is offset offset
and TS 36.212, section 5.3.3.1.1)
signaled by a specific bit in the UL

scheduling grant, power offset are set OCQI Number of CQI bits incl. CRC bits
NRE Resource Elements
by higher layers (see next slide), C Number of code blocks,
Kr Size of code block r,
PUSCH power control

∆TF(i)
deltaMCS = disabled ∆TF(i) = 0 Default settings!
deltaMCS = enabled TF (i ) = 10 log10 ((2MPR K S 1) PUSCH

offset )
Sent in RRC C 1
MPR = OCQI N RE MPR = K r N RE

messages to the UE, r =0
i.e. RRC_Connection_Setup PUSCH CQI
= PUSCH
=1
offset offset offset
OCQI = number of CQI bits (max = 64 bits + CRC)

Kr = size of code block (max. 6144 bits)
NRE = allocated bandwidth in subcarriers*number of symbols
for initial PUSCH (12 or 10 symbols – symbols used for Sounding, SRS)
C = number of code blocks – after segmentation
18
PUSCH power control
∆TF(i), when aperiodic CQI reporting is configured
CQI CQI
l
CQI
is signaled by higher layers to the UE and is I offset offset
offset
part of the system information, 0 reserved

1 reserved
l SIB Type 2 RadioResourceConfigCommon 2 1.125
PUSCH-ConfigCommon, 3 1.250
CQI 4 1.375
l offset
can take one out of 16 values in [dB] 5 1.625
(see table), 6 1.750
7 2.000
8 2.250
9 2.500
10 2.875
11 3.125
12 3.500
13 4.000
14 5.000
15 6.250
PUSCH power control

f(i)
l f(i) is the other component of the dynamic offset, UE-specific Transmit Power
Control (TPC) commands, signaled with the uplink scheduling grant (PDCCH
DCI format 0); two modes are defined: accumulative and absolute,
l Accumulative TPC commands (for PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS).
– Power step relative to previous step, comparable with close-loop power control in
WCDMA, difference available step sizes, which are δPUSCH={±1 dB or -1, 0, +1,
+3 dB} for LTE, larger power steps can be achieved by combining TPC- and MCS-
dependent power control, Activated at all by dedicated RRC signaling, disabled
when minimum (-40 dBm) or maximum power (+23 dBm) is reached,
– f (i ) = f (i 1) + PUSCH (i K PUSCH ), where KPUSCH = 4 for FDD and depends on
the UL-DL configuration for TD-LTE (see TS 36.213, table 5.1.1.1-1),
l Absolute TPC commands (for PUSCH only).
– Power step of {-4, -1, +1, +4 dB} relative to the basic operating point ( set by
PO_PUSCH(j)+α(j)·PL; see previous slides),
– f (i ) = PUSCH (i K PUSCH ) , where KPUSCH=4 for FDD and depends on the UL-DL
configuration for TD-LTE (see TS 36.213, table 5.1.1.1-1),
19
PUSCH power control
f(i)
TPC Value
l Initial value f(0) for both cases (accumulative/absolute) command (in dB)
– When PO_UE_PUSCH is signaled by higher layers, than f(0) = 0 else 0 -6
f (0) = Prampup + msg2 , where both parameters are 1 -4

2 -2
configured by higher layers,
3 0
Delta_ramp = 4 2
Power between first 5 4
and last PRACH preamble PDCCH confirmation, containing 6 6
Power control info,
7 8
delta_msg2
Power
TS 36.213, table 6.2-1

PRACH
Preamble(s)
RRC connection
request
PUSCH power control TPC commands

(δPUSCH)
UL scheduling grant (= PDCCH DCI format 0)
l Flag for format 0 and 1A l TPC command for scheduled
differentiation – 1 bit, PUSCH – 2 bit,
– Indicates DCI format to the UE, – Transmit Power Control (TPC) command for
adapting the transmit power on PUSCH,
l Hopping flag – 1 bit,
– Indicates whether uplink frequency l Cyclic shift for demodulation
hopping is used or not, reference signal,
l Resource block assignment and – Indicates the cyclic shift to use for deriving the
uplink demodulation reference signal from
hopping resource allocation, base sequences,
– Depending on resource allocation type,
l UL Index – 2 bit,
l Modulation and coding scheme, – Indicates the UL subframe where the
redundancy version – 5 bit, scheduling grant has to be applied,
– Indicates modulation scheme and,
l DL Assignment Index (DAI) – 2 bit,
together with the number of allocated
physical resource blocks, the TBS, – Total # of subframes for PDSCH transmission,
l New data indicator – 1 bit, l CQI request – 1 bit,

– Indicates whether a new – Requests the UE to send a CQI,
transmission shall be sent,
Modulation and Coding
Scheme (MCS) This bit configures
APERIODIC
CQI REPORTING
20
Accumulative TPC commands
TPC Command Field Accumulated

In DCI format 0/3 PUSCH [dB]
0 -1
1 0
2 1
3 3
2
minimum
power in LTE
Absolute TPC commands

PPUSCH ( i ) = min{ PMAX , 10 log 10 (M PUSCH ( i )) + PO_PUSCH ( j ) + PL + TF (TF ( i )) + f ( i )}
TPC Command Field Absolute PUSCH [dB]

In DCI format 0/3 only DCI format 0
0 -4
1 -1
2 1
3 4
Pm
-1
-4
21
PUSCH – TPC: Power Headroom
PH (i ) = round (PCMAX {P O_PUSCH ( j ) + 10 log10 ( M PUSCH (i )) + TF (i ) + PL + f (i )})[dB ]
[ 23,40]dB
PCMAX as discussed before
Reported power headroom
Current PUSCH power,

according to formular
discussed before
PUSCH – TPC: Power Headroom

PH (i ) = round (PMAX {P O_PUSCH ( j ) + 10 log10 ( M PUSCH (i )) + TF (i ) + PL + f (i )})[dB ]
[ 23,40]dB
l To assist the network select MCS & M not leading to UE power limition UE
reports regularly PowerHeadroom (MAC-SDU similar to BufferStatusReport)
l Examples of utilization:
– PH < 0 → UE is limited in the actual transmission
– PL, δ not changed → select another (MCS,M)
– δ known → PH indirectly provides information about PL
22
Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)
PUCCH power control Initial point DL data transmission, no UL data transmission ongoing,
UE is required to generate a PUCCH to deliver ACK/NACK information,
CQI and/or PMI and RI to the base station as feedback for the ongoing
Context: DL data transmission transmission based on the scheduling assignment and MIMO mode,
Physical Uplink
Control Channel (PUCCH)
(SR; ACK/NACK, CQI, PMI, RI)
Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)

(use different DCI formats to assign resources for data transmission)
Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)
(MIMO, RB QPSK, 16QAM or 64QAM modulated)
23
PUCCH power control
PPUCCH (i ) = min{PCMAX , P0_PUCCH + PL + h (nCQI , n HARQ ) + F_PUCCH (F ) + g (i )}
„corrected“ Depends on
maximum UE pathloss PUCCH
power format
Cell specific
and UE PUCCH
specific L3 format TPC
parameters dependent commands
value on PDCCH,
accumulative
mode
PUCCH power control

P0_PUCCH PPUCCH (i ) = min{PCMAX , P0_PUCCH + PL + h (nCQI , n HARQ ) + F_PUCCH (F ) + g (i )}
l For PCMAX and PL see previous slides,
l P0_PUCCH parameter composed as sum of cell-specific parameters
P0_NOMINAL_PUCCH and P0_UE_PUCCH, which are provided by higher layers,
– Path loss (PL) compensation is considered or not,
24
PUCCH power control
h(nCQI, nHARQ) PPUCCH (i ) = min{PCMAX , P0_PUCCH + PL + h (nCQI , n HARQ ) + F_PUCCH (F ) + g (i )}
l h(n) is a PUCCH format PUCCH Bits per
Modulation Contents
Cyclic
format subframe Prefix
depended value, 1 On/Off N/A Scheduling Request (SR)
– nCQI number of CQI bits1), 1a 1 BPSK ACK/NACK, ACK/NACK+SR
any
– nHARQ number of HARQ bits, 1b 2 QPSK ACK/NACK, ACK/NACK+SR
l For format 1, 1A, 1B, 2 20 QPSK

CQI/PMI or RI
(CQI/PMI or RI)+ACK/NACK extended

– h(nCQI, nHARQ) = 0,
2a 21 QPSK+BPSK (CQI/PMI or RI)+ACK/NACK
l For format 2, 2A, 2B and 2b 22 QPSK+QPSK (CQI/PMI or RI)+ACK/NACK
normal
normal cyclic prefix,

nCQI ncqi =[1..64]
( )
h nCQI , n HARQ =
10 log10
4
if nCQI 4 h() =[0..12]dB CQI/PMI/RI are only signaled via
PUCCH when periodic reporting is
requested, scheduled Aperiodic
0 otherwise reporting is only done via PUSCH
l For format 2 and extended cyclic prefix,
nCQI + n HARQ ncqi =[1..64]
( )
h nCQI , n HARQ =
10 log10
4
if nCQI + n HARQ 4
nHARQ=[1,2]
h() =[0..13]dB
0 otherwise
1) defined in 3GPP TS 36.212 V8.7.0, section 5.2.2.3; wideband CQI or sub-band CQI, transmission mode?
PUCCH power control

∆F_PUCCH(F) PPUCCH (i ) = min{PCMAX , P0_PUCCH + PL + h (nCQI , n HARQ ) + F_PUCCH (F ) + g (i )}
l ∆F_PUCCH is provided by higher layers and is PUCCH format (F) depended

relative to PUCCH format 1a,
– SIB Type 2 RadioResourceConfigCommon UplinkPowerControlCommon,
-2 dB, 0 dB, 2 dB, …
Value relative
to format 1a
25
PUCCH power control
g(i) PPUCCH (i ) = min{PCMAX , P0_PUCCH + PL + h (nCQI , n HARQ ) + F_PUCCH (F ) + g (i )}
l g(i) is referred to as PUCCH power control adjustment state, where δPUCCH
is understood as a UE-specific correction value and interpreted as a TPC
command which is depending on the used PUCCH format,
M 1
g (i ) = g (i 1) + PUCCH (i k m )
m =0
– LTE FDD: M = 1, km = k0 = 4,
– TD-LTE: M and km is depending on UL-DL configuration1),
l δPUCCH values signaled within DCI formats 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1, 2A, 2 are
δPUCCH = {-1, 0 ,1 , 3} dB,
– For SPS2) activation (by 1, 1A, 2, 2A) respectively release (by 1A) δPUCCH = 0 dB,
l δPUCCH values signaled via DCI formats 3, 3A δPUCCH = {-1, 1} dB,
l Initial value for g(i)
– g(i) = 0 when P0_UE_PUCCH is changed by higher layers,
– Otherwise g(0) = ∆Prampup+ δMsg 2
1) see TS 36.213 V8.7.0, Table 10.1-1

2) SPS – Semi-Persistent Scheduling
PUCCH power control

Downlink scheduling assignment, e.g. DCI format 2
l Resource allocation header – 1 bit, l Pre-coding information and
indicates whether resource confirmation,
allocation type 0 or 1 is used, l For the 1st codeword (transport block 1)
– If bandwidth < 10 RB allocation type 0 is – Modulation and coding scheme – 5 bits,
assumed, – New data indicator – 1 bit,
l Resource block assignment, # of – Redundancy version – 2 bits,
bits assigning RB depends on l For the 2nd codeword (transport block 2)
allocation type 0 or 1, see next – Modulation and coding scheme – 5 bits
slides, – New data indicator – 1 bit
– Redundancy version – 2 bits
l TPC command for PUCCH – 2 bits,
l HARQ process number – 3 bits
(for FDD mode), TPC commands
(δPUCCH)
l HARQ swap flag – 1 bit,
l Number of layers – 2 bits,
Other information than δPUCCH are provided by higher layers

(see previous slides) or are estimated by the UE (path loss).
26
Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)
General comments
l SRS are primarily used for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-
selective scheduling in the UL,
– SRS are CAZAC1) sequences, where time shifts of the same sequence are used by
different UE to transmit on the same physical resources (RB),
– SRS bandwidth depends on available transmission bandwidth, where 8 sets of four
SRS bandwidths are allowed (see table 5.5.3.2-1 in TS 36.211),
– Subframes used for SRS are configured by cell-specific signaling,
– SRS are always transmitted in the last OFDM symbol of that subframe,
– eNB can configure the UE to transmit SRS periodically (or not),
SRS BW SRS- SRS- SRS- SRS-
configuration BW 0 BW 1 BW 2 BW 4
0 36 12 4 4
1 32 16 8 4
2 24 4 4 4
3 20 4 4 4
4 16 4 4 4
5 12 4 4 4
6 8 4 4 4
7 4 4 4 4
August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 53 1) CAZAC – Constant Amplitude Zero AutoCorrelation
Sounding Reference Signals

PSRS_OFFSET, MSRS PSRS (i ) = min{PCMAX , PSRS_OFFSET + 10 log10 ( M SRS ) + PO_PUSCH ( j ) + ( j ) PL + f (i )}
l PSRS_OFFSET depends on K value signaled by higher layer1),

l Remember K-value enabled (=deltaMCS) (K=1.25) or disabled (K=0),
l for K=1.25,
– PSRS_OFFSET is a 4-bit UE specific parameter semi-statically configured by higher
layers with 1dB step size in the range [-3…12] dB,
– Actual parameter = PSRS_OFFSET2) – 3 [dB],
l for K is disabled,
– PSRS_OFFSET is a 4-bit UE specific parameter semi-statically configured by higher
layers with 1.5 dB step size in the range [-10.5…12] dB,
– Actual parameter = -10.5 + 1.5*PSRS_OFFSET2) [dB],
l MSRS,
– Bandwidth occupied by the SRS expressed in # of RB
1) SIB Type 2 RadioResourceConfigCommon UplinkPowerControl

2) P
SRS_OFFSET (INTEGER, 0…15)
27
Thank you…
…for your attention
LTE Uplink
PUSCH power control
Combination of cell- and UE
specific component configured
by L3, depending on PUSCH transport
Maximum allowed UE power format
scheduled grant
PPUSCH (i ) = min{ PMAX ,10 log 10 ( M PUSCH (i )) + PO_PUSCH ( j ) + PL + TF (TF (i )) + f (i )}
Power
Number of PUSCH resource Cell-specific parameter Downlink pathloss control
blocks configured by L3 estimation adjustment
UE PUSCH transmit range 0.0 to 1.0 derived from
power in subframe i TPC
command
received in
subframe (i-
TPC stepsize 4)
-1 .. 3 dB or
±1 dB
28
Power Control for Uplink TDD UL/DL
Configuratio
subframe number i
n 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 - - 6 7 4 - - 6 7 4
1 - - 6 4 - - - 6 4 -
UE transmit power for PUSCH:
2 - - 4 - - - - 4 - -
PPUSCH (i ) = min{PMAX ,10 log10 ( M PUSCH (i )) 3 - - 4 4 4 - - - - -
+ PO_PUSCH ( j ) + PL + TF (TF (i )) + f (i)}

4 - - 4 4 - - - - - -
5 - - 4 - - - - - - -
6 - - 7 7 5 - - 7 7 -
UE transmit power for PUCCH:
PPUCCH (i) = min{PMAX , PO_PUCCH + PL + TF_PUCCH (TF ) + g (i)}
TF(i) is the PUSCH transport format valid for transmission in subframe i

PO_PUSCH and PO_PUCCH are composed of cell-specific and UE-specific levels
is a cell-specific factor in the range [0, 1]
PL is the downlink pathloss estimate calculated in the UE
f(i), g(i) embed UE-specific correction received via TPC commands in PDCCH
FDD: TPC is used for uplink with fixed delay of K=4
TDD: Delay K is given in the table above (exception for UL/DL configuration 0)
29

R&amp;S Power Control Aspects in LTE

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Power Control aspects in LTE

Power control aspects in LTE

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 2

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 3

l Base is Cell-RS EPRE:

– A , B depending on the OFDM symbol index (Tables)

– B = PB A where PB cell-specific parameter signalized by higher layers

– A = power-offset + PA + 10log10 ( K )[ dB ] where

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 4

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 5

LTE Downlink power considerations

REF REF REF REF

View Slot 0 Slot 1

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 6

12 subcarriers ( 180 kHz )

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 7

Downlink Power and RS EPRE

RS EPRE = Reference Symbol Energy Per Resource Element

Sample calculation of downlink power level @ 10 MHz:

Bandwidth of 1 resource block (RB) = 180 kHz

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 8

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 9

Uplink power control

l Characteristic of radio channel with multipath propagation (path loss,

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 10

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 11

Types of transmit power control

open loop Power Control closed loop Power Control

For random access procedure

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 12

P = Reference signal TX power – RSRP

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 13

RAP – Power Ramping

PPRACH = min{Pmax , PTX + PLDL }

preambleTransMax in SIB2 indicates maximum

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 15

PPRACH = min{ PCMAX , PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER + PL}

PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER = preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower + DELTA_PREAMBLE

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 16

l WCDMA uses periodic power control (0.667ms) normally with a

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 17

UL Power Control: Overview

UL-PC is a combination of:

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 18

Physical Uplink Physical Uplink

Sounding Reference Signals (SRS)

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 19

LTE power control timing aspects

TDD UL/DL subframe number i

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 20

Maximum allowed UE power

Number of allocated Cell-specific Downlink Power control

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 21

PUSCH power control

! Description based on 3GPP baseline June ’09!

l PUMAX is the maximum UE power, defined as +23 dBm ± 2dB corresponding

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 22

l PCMAX_L– T(PCMAX_L) ≤ PCMAX ≤ PCMAX_H + T(PCMAX_H),

l PCMAX_L = min{PEMAX_L, PUMAX },

– PEMAX_L is reduced by 1.5 dB when the transmission BW is confined within FUL_low

August ‘09 | UL power control in LTE | 23

l PCMAX_H = min{PEMAX_H, PPowerClass}, 8 ≤ PCMAX < 13 6.0

particular radio cell configured by higher layers

R&S Power Control Aspects in LTE

R&S Power Control Aspects in LTE

10log10(MPUSCH(i)) M=10: 10log(10) = 10